The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, December 2, 1903, Page 8

i\ P BY AX {Sone. the -Gollege York 5 : eph B..Bowles.), - |- our tast lessonbre 160k up an exercise intended to facili- tate the working of the thumb and third finger @s they move respectively 1 he other fingers during der and over progress of .the scale. | plying” this exercise to the piano ¥ the littlé pupil to try it jn a.mére; extended form, which is to pre- jdie him. for playing scales not only in one -octave, but ih: two, three or foyr octaved, as circumstanices may require. The whole ‘difficulty in scale playing is in gétting the notes. to run smoothly when fingers pass under or over er-(as ‘explained in the last les- tH rest is easy enough. when pit understands_the ‘art-of hand and arm correctly and using ngers in the proper manner, Fait it is quite dnother thing to manage of the fin under and way that there will -be wythm, no roughmess of break in the sound of changing -fingers hit iss such loss « \Ce chifdren supposed by than o RTINS FOURTH FINGER SCALE EX- : ERCISE, ASCENDING. - | + their. parepts” to-. be “quite advanced™ \ mé to-me and have-rattled ‘off les at breakneck speed, plung- recklessly and larding on the te “(eirch 1) the fingers crossed) with what can only be described as a — sickening Now this is just what we must first of all getting the fingers pase under and over each other with- out any effort whatever. ° % | Now have the pupil again try the lit- tie scalé exercise. described in the last this time throwing the foutth finger instend of the third as before, and by this means bringing the thumb | down where the fifth "(little) finger would be under ordinary circumstances. This is to enable the hand to move on up into the next octave, thus increas- | ing the scale to two-octaves fnstead of | one lesson When the fourth finger is mastered, both going up and corhing down the piano, there is no further obstacle to scale playing. The rest will be plain sailing. Merely substitute the thumb | for the fifth (little) finger on the last note of each octave, and ene may go | on ad infinitum, or at least to the top of his piano. i | exercise a number of | Now, try the times, passing the thumb under th hand until it stands over the note proj erly occupied by thé fifth finger. Then | let it drop, and immediately fling the| hand out sideways, with great freedom, | as in the lasf Jesson. Now fiing it back | again, raising the fourth finger as the | hand swings back and crosses over the thumb. As the fourt%flnger comes down | on the note to the left of the thumb | (the thumb being on G) the rest of the! hend springs back into position by aia! of the lateral wrist motion, and the| hand is once more in “playing posi- | tion” and ready to recommence the ex- | ercise. | It will be seen that this is exactly the same exercise as that given in the lest lesson, excent that the fourth fin- ger is used instead of the third. If a | fuller understanding of it is desired go back to the last lesson once more and apply all the rules there explained to| the exercise as given to-day. o ki Much time must be given to the practice of this exercise, for it is the pith and core of scale playing, and a | great deal of time may be saved hy! conquering this point by ftself in- stead of going through the “whole | scale each time. Try it first with one hand, then with the other, for all these exercises are intended for both hands. The two hands must practice separately, how- ever, as that is the only way to insure against mistakes. When one has two hands to watch something is sure to g0 unnoticed, even with the most con- scientious pupil. 4 When the child has overcome all | the difficulties of this exercise, Both at the table and at the piane, try the movement with €nough strength in the fingers to cause sound. Now watch everyihing—position of fingers, arm and hand-—and constantly try the muscles to see that they are keep- ing relaxed; see that the hand does not twist as the fingers pass over or under; that the thumb does not fall | INSTRUG/IIVE | has been doing ‘with his right - DECEMBER 2, JEDNESDAY, 1903 out of joint as the hand swings over it or as it (the thumb) passes under | the hand; see that the fingers are kept curved, especially keep the boy interested in it all and give him fre- quent rests. . T sounding each note in turn, as ger strikes it. scale must be exactly as in thé mon-striking exercise, but this time he must relax between each note (with one revolution of the circle "motion) lest the added strength used o0 bring out the tone should tighten any muscle. To allow time for relaxation be- tween each nofe and yet te preserve ‘the rhythm, let him count, as the fin- ger rises, “‘one, two, three” very, very slowly. Do not forget that the thumb starts under the hand, just as soon as the second finger strikes the Keys, s0 as to be ready to strike F in its o FOURTH FINGER SCALE EX- ERCISE, DESCENDING. -3 proper sequence, thus insuring a smooth scale, devoid of breaks. That is the secret of the whole thing—be- ing there on time——and if the finger passing under or over, up or down, 4s the case-may be, starts toward its goal just as soon as it is free to move, and gradually reaches the desired po- sition quietly and .unostentatiously, while the fingers under (or over) o _which it passes are still doing their | required work, there is not a second’s time lost and the moment the other fingers have finished the thumb (or finger, as the case may be) stands up, raised directly over the note it is to strike, as if it had aiways been there for that particular purpose. When _first practicing the scale to produce tone, only, trying one hand a few times,. and then the other. The left hand is, of course, exactly the saime thing as the.right, but, nat- | urally, the ascending scale begins on +the little finger, and continues straight through the fingers, the third finger crossing. over at A to finish out the scale. In the same way, the descend- ing. scale progresses by the thumb takfng the place of the fourth finger, and striking G, and so on down. If the pupil is a little confused by | & * FOURTH FINGER SCALE EX- ERCISE, AFTER 'OURTH FINGER HAS LEFT KEY. L 4 the seeming difference in .the hands, let. him begin with the descending scale of the left hand, returning by the .ascending scale. After a few trials in this way he will"readily see that it is just the same thing that he hand, only turned exactly around. - $ - Now, still counting “one, two, three,”. let him try the scale, putting all the strength he can possibly muster into each note, without tightening the mus- cles thereby. He must raise his fin- gers very high (still curved, however), and bring them down with a clear, bell- like tone, which must have enou ringing quality to last through the in- tervening relaxing motion, until the next note is struck, which, in its turn, holds its “singing quality” until the note beyond it strikes. It is very important that these notes should all be struck slowly, with ex- actly the same amount of time be- tween each one, and that the sound should hold over (the finger remain- ing on the key during the relaxing) un- til the next mote is struck, but not a moment longer. Remember, the rule for raising and lowering the fingers— plenty of time between, but the move- ment simultaneous and as quick as possible. . . - The pupil must put all the strength in the finger he can as it comes down, but after the note has once beén struck foreibly he must not keep pressing his finger down, for that induces a flat, hard sound, the reverse of that we are working for. Instead, while still hold- | ing the finger on the key, but not press- ing, he can hold the tone, with its ring- ing quality, perfectly well, by a little effort of the will, even while his arm, wrist and even fingers are moving {lightly, in response to the circle mo- tion. The fingers do not leave the keys st this time (except the one that is upraised p; to striking the next note), but they move around free- ly on their respective notes, in obedi- ence to the relaxing exercise, and the finger that has just struck and is hold. ing the note down moves as freely as the rest, being sure, however, to keep the note down and not to let it rise until the next one is ready to strike, let him regularly begin his | take it in one octave| ITHE SAN FRA JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. - - - « . . . . . Address All Commenications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager NCISCO CALL Publication Office. .... i = WEDNESDAY ......... PUBLIC OWNERSHIP UTOPIA. | | | } N the year 1808 the city of Boston entered upon a | l large number of ventures in public ownership, or real { 4 or supposed public utilities. 'Under Mayor Josiah Quincy the city decided to do no business with contract- ors, but to establish its own shops and do all of its own v.ork by its own employes. The plan was very alluring. It was to be put in operation under strict civil service ‘rules, and Mayor Quincy was an honest and enthusiastic Whatever he said was indorsed and | man‘and reformer. | adopted. The city, at the cost of the taxpayers, established a municipal printing office, a carpentry bureau, a bureau of clectrical construction and ‘repair, a veterinary bureau’to | look after the health of the city's horses, and wheel- wrights, blacksmiths, plumbers, painters and letterecs in large numbers became’ city employes and took their place on the public payroll. There was also established | 2 municipal ice plant, to supply ice for the public offices ! and drinking fountains, and ultimately to supply the peo- | ple at cost with ice during the hot months. When the whole scheme was put in operation Boston felicitated her- self that she was independent of the contractors and business men and able to live entirely within herself. The system was maintained for two yearsy Then Mr. Quincy left the Mayor's office and was succeeded by an old business man, Mr. Hart, who was soon called on to sign vouchers for city work. He examined them, busi- néss fashion, and then began to look into the matter of cost. He found a job of electrical equipment on the ferry-boats belonging to the city, which a contactor of- fered to do for $6800, done by the city bureau, cost $10,200. The electrical work on the building for hospi- tal nurses, worth $1528, cost $4754. Similar work on the city armory, worth $2600, cost $6700, and on the public school buildings work worth §$1471 cost $3600. These small finds set Mayor Hart hunting among the books, vouchers and accounts. He found that the ice turned out | by the city ice plant was costing $60 a ton, while the mag- | ket price was $2 a ton. When the investigation was fin-.| | iched it was found that in the water department and . the | other business bureaus of the city the waste was so | enormous that the city debt had expanded over four | times the limit allowed by the law, and that this had been effected by special acts of the Legislature, from time to time, permitting the city to issue bonds to meet the de- ficits caused by the administration of the public utilities. The payrolls were loaded down with employes, and | these in turn exerted thir political influence upon the i City Council to continue piling up the burden. It was found that this mixture of business and politics had made it impossible.to secure efficiency. An employe in the | public printing office was discharged for incompetency. | He refused to accept the discharge and returned next day saying to the superintendent: “Alderman Blank of South Boston says I'm to go back to work, and if you make any kick about it I'mto have your place and you go, see?” And back he went. Under the civil service rules men in | any specialty could be called for and employed by non- competitive examination, and then be assigned to some- thing else than the work in which they were examined. So it was found that t\iere were employéd on clerical work or inspection of pipes and hydrants in the water department men who got into the service as coppersmiths, ship calkers, one as an “expert swimmer,” sailors, dial makers, rubber gasket makers, riggers, splicers, stone- cutters, miners, beam tenders, wire men and rod men. Each had been called by special requisition for his class of work, though not even “expert swimming” was re- quired in administering the public water plant. It was found by Mayor Hart that one-third of the | city employes could be spared without hurting the ser- E\'ice, nd they were discharged. It soon appeared that | by putting an end to this sumptuous system of running | public utilities and charging deficits off to the taxpayers Boston was saved $600,000. The cost of everything touched, handled and produced had exceeded the open price by from 25 to several thousand per cent. Yet it was admitted by Mayor Hart that the adminis- tration of these utilities had not been criminally cor- n&t The forms of law had been respected, and Mayor Quincy was an honest man. The trouble was that gov- ernment had gone into business, with the usual result of ineficiency.' extravagance and waste. The lesson was not lost on Boston, and she has convalesced entirely from her fever for public ownership of public utilities. The lesson should’ not be lost upon other cities which are now free &f such mistakes, and are at liberty to avoid them if they will. If the muni- cipal ice plant of Boston had been compelled to run on its own income, does any one believe- that cost of its ide to the taxpayers would have been $60 a ton? If the | water system were supported by the ratepayers alone, and its payrolls and balance-sheets /nade public, does any one believe that it would have had its payroll crowded with sailors, expert swimmers, dial makers and splicers? Without denying, as it is not necessary to our pur- pose, that some public utilities may be in public owner- ship, we affirm that all experience demands that each util- ity be supported solely and only by the income derived from those who use it. Boston has lost Utopia, but is saving money by it. { —— The unwisdom of some men dealing in public affairs sometimes passes understanding. Dio.u_;in' the name of his tradesmen for cunning, a burglar operated in Oakland the other day and was killed. Why did he not remain in San Francisco and thrive? This is one of the problems a sociologist is stumped to solve. : e b—— THE TROUBLES OF MAN. S man to take a back seat, or stand up, with no seat l at all? Rev. Mr. Hillis, a New York clergyman, has warned his fellow men that they are in danger of losing to women their supremacy in business, as they have already lost it in mere shape. It all happened, this proof of the coming subordination cf man, by the sudden illness &f a manager of a larg, financial| institution in New York. He had for ,.‘f:\ drawn n\nlary of $25,000 a year. In the emergency of his iilness the directors put the whole business in charge of his young lady stenographér and typewriter, who had filled that position for a half-seore of years. The man- | ager's collapsé became chronic. The young lady’s man- agement became chronic alsq, and was such a success, ex- ceeling anything ever accomplished by the $25,000 man, that she is now in full charge at $10,000 a year. From this the preacher concludes that in fifty years women will | know more than men, will vote and order the men ho: to vote, and unless men “stop drinking poor whisky, gambling and buying pools on the races,” they will be asking women for fifty cents, for the ladies will earn the money and carry the sack. £ Amen, we say; bully fot‘, Mary Jane, | ‘| ture, mines and metallurgy and agriculture.” ture. But we want to file one demurrer. If that young lady financier do better work than the collapsed man she should have his pay and not be put off with $15,000 less. Speaking now in dead and male earnest, we know of young women, in important business positions, carrying great responsibilities, and with a knowledge of the busi- ness that is indispensable, who if they were men would be admitted to partnership, but who, being women, are paid a poor salary, far less than a man would expect, and with no prospeci whatever of a partnership and a share in the profits. We think that Rev. Mr. Hillis would .be daing more good if he would endeavor to equalize these inequalities in the rewards of business service than he is likely to ac- | complish by threatening man with extinction, for man will never be wiped, off the face of the earth, for the simple reason that women are too ladglike to abolish him. In the future, as in the past, business capacity will assert itself with opportunity, regardless of sex. Reforny lies in securing for it the proper reward, regardless of sex. Only a small percentage of women will enter the busi- ness field, and the larger number will make and adorn the homes and rock tHe cradle that holds the future of the republic. But let the minority have the just reward of their capacity and toil. ~ . *When the United States of Colombia conceived the futile plan of bribing Uncle Sam to accept concessions that she had no right to give, in reference to -isthmian canal affairs, she seems to have confused the moral stan- dards of the servant with those of the master. She may have found ‘it easy to tempt American underlings, but Uncle Sam is impeccable. Besides, Washington hasn’t time to accept gold bricks in payment for national dis- honesty. T at St. Louis in 1g9o4 will have the immediate effect of determining, especially in' California, the devel- oped and also the latent resources of the land. Every State and every county that has in view to attract desir- able settlers will unquestionably put its best foot fore- most and show to.the world all that it has. The state- ment has so often been made that California’s resources are more varied than those of any other land under the sun that it has become trite, yet the present demand for &hibits to be shéwn'at St. Louis has so amply demon- strated its truth that no intelligent observer will venture to dispute it. At the gateway of the San Joaquin Valley is the fer- tile and enterprising county of San Joaquin. This county has prepared to exhibit well at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. Incidentally a list of the classes of county products that will be sent forward to St. Louis has been published in the Stockton Independent. The county has 352 manufacturing establishments, of which, so says the Independent, 201 are in Stockton. The output of these plants is valued at more than_$#/000,000 per annum. - All sorts of manufactured goodd and wares for home use are made. To enumerate them would take much space. It appears that there are seventy-three varieties of grapes that are grown to. perfection in San Joaquin County. These will be shown at St. Louis to make the mouths of millions of visitors water. The county is one of the leading almond sections of the State, and it also has to display, from its ample store, chestnuts, walnuts, pecans and peanuts. Among the pomaceous and stone fruits that thrive under the genial sky that drops fatness | on the county are peaches, plums, apricots, prunes, éher-i ries, nectarines, quinces and pears. Many samples of | these fruits, canned and dried, will be in the San Joaquin County show for the St. Louis Exposition. A comprehensive collection of seeds that has been made embraces about every sort of flower and vegetable seed that is known. The committee that has charge of gathering exhibits illustrative of San Joaquin County’s resources, knowing what is produced, has recommended that “an especially strong display of potatoes, onions, beans, as- paragus, chicory, sugar beets, olives and other vegetable food products should be made. While a limited display in processed form is recommended, arrangements should be made to show the natural product, both in season and from cold storage. While fruits should be shown from San Joaquin County, greater emphasis should be made at St. Louis with produce, cereals, dairy products, ete.” Turning to the matter of cereals the county committee enumerates as ‘a part of the county show corn, Egyptian corn, wheat, rye and barley. Among the forage plants and fodder are alfalfa, rye grass, alfiliria and glover. Un- der the head of animal fod products are arrayed dairy products and eggs. The livestock men will be repre- sented by dairy herds, beef cattle, thoroughbred horses, sheep and hogs. Domesticated birds will lend variety and cheerful noise to attract spectators. Beers, wines and brandies; the output ‘of the Stockton flouring-mills; farinaceous products, like macaroni and starch; agricultural machinery, blankets, glass, coal, bri- quettes and leather—all these. are included among the manufactures of the county. Of course the educational advantages of the county will be much in evidence. Charts and literature will illustrate location and climate and soil. Fourteen sub-committees are required to take charge of the widely diversified products that justice ‘may PRODUCTS OF ONE COUNTY. HE preparations that are making for the exposition 1 A Little Guile. There was great ado at the Southern Pacific Company’s local freight offices at Fourth and King streets one day when the late A. D. Wilder, division superintendent, sent orders t§ John Moss, the assistant freight agent, that the clerical force must be reduced be- !cauu the tonnage for the season was not up to the figure of the previous vear. Superintendent Wilder insisted that the staff must be cut in propor- tton to the -lowering din freighting handied. Moss, who is now foreign freight clerk -for the Santa Fe Railroad.. did not view the stiuation enthusiastically, but, ! like a good soldier, he hastened to obey | the commana o knock a dozen clerks | off the pay roll | In the railroad offices a personal rec- ord- of each employe is on fi!e.. and it 'showu.among numerous other facts the | recommendation that brought appoint- ment. Agent Moss® selected twelve names, but he saw’to it that the dozen fated to go had been given positions through the influence of the Crockers, Stanfords, Huntingtons, Hopkinses, Coltons, etc. After telegraphing the names to Superintendent Wilder, who had at his command copies of the per- sonal récord, Moss awaited results. The telegraphic correspondence that fol- lowed was somewhat in this wise: From Wilder to Moss—"“Can’t you discharge twelve clerks with less influ- ence?” - . From Moss to Wilder—'Clerks named are poorest in_the office. Folly to dis- charge twelve good men and leave these. Recommend thesé¢ for good of the service.” From Wilder to Moss—"Let the mat- ter drop for the present.” Ingenious Shopper. A new interpretation was given to the well-known commercial letters .“C. | O. D.” a few days ago when a messen- | ger boy delivered a package to a lady | | in a Taylor-street rooming-house. -The | |boy handed ‘the lady the package, | which she graciously received, and she was about to close the déor when the messenger remarked that it was a “ O. D.”.package, with an indebtedness of $4 50 to be paid. e S “You are mistaken, sonny,” she re- plied, “there is nothing due on it.” | The boy thought differéntly and at | once consulted Officer Hutchinson, who { was on duty. - The officer. bounded up,| the stairs two steps at a time and went | to the lady’s room, where he informed | her that she had left herself. open to| arrest and punishment. | “Not at all, Mr. Offticer,”” she said. “You do not seem to understand this case. You see, my name.is Cora Os- borne Dare, and I Instructed the pack- | age be sent under my initials, which | are, as you see, C. 0. D.” Hutchinson is now hunting up a com- | mercial directory, while the storekeeper is wondering where\he 1s “at.” | Infant Economy. Charles Keeler, the poet, who lives over under the eaves of the Berkeley hilis, has a little daughter who has al- ready developed a remiarkably practical turn of mind, notwithstanding the in- fluence of heredity. Now Mr. Keeler is prouldly relating a story which shows the precocity of his four-year-old. Little Miss Keeler had overheard her mother complaining that the new ser- vant threw things away in the ash bar- rel which were perfectly good and should have been kept in the kitchen. Each complaint sank in upon the prac- tical little spul of the young one with ever increasing force. One day last week Mrs. Keeler was entertaining the wives of some of the college professors, when the door opened and in walked the young lady, holding by its ruffled tail the corpse of a battered molly cat. “Mamma,” said the little housewife, “look at this perfectly good cat, which 1 found in the ash barrel.” Excuse Us. Now The Call is not prone to fling bouquets at itself, but when it receives them from others it cannot help evinc- ing a pardonable pride. From the genial editor of the Visalia Times we have received the following gratifying editorial notice: 3 “The San Francisco Call is showing marked evidences of improvement in its editorial and news colurins and is now second to none among the metro- politan newspapers of the coast. It sees things beyond the city limits of San Francisco and devotes much of its valuable space to articles calling at- tention to the wonderful resources of the great interfor valleys of the State, realizing, no doubt, that they are among the Important factors which tend to the upbuilding of California. be done to each when the collective exhibit is made up. An epitome may be found in the recommendation of the comimittee that “of the fifteen departments at St. Louis San Joaquin County should be represented in at least six—education, manufactures, machinery, horticul- Inferen- tially great resources may be discerned in this classifica- tion of products in which San Joaquin County feels com- petent to shine amid the competition of the world and win prizes. e —— At the exercises at New Orleans this month in celebra- tion of the purchase of the Louisiana territory, Spain has determined that she will, in friendliness to_us, be repre- sented by a first-class, modern ship of war. Have we been living under a misapprehension or have our thoughts been colored by our buo jingoism when we ask the wo,ld to believe that after the recent unpleasant- niess Spain didn’t . modern warshi g After much diplomatic nonsense and m:eufif*’leadingm Peter of Servia ognized by the Unfljfi‘fates. It is sincerely to that King Peter will not force Uncle Sam into al of un- | % Somewhere in San Quentin penitentialy there is a re- ‘We are glad to note these facts, as The Call can accomplish much good for the whole State by continuing its able ef- forts along the lines to which we have referred.” De LI Chiliun. | Jong with swords and slings upon the first -inti-. - | be the number of the ipsane.” received authority from Lhisd to ad- vance thus far to Khamba Jong (Jong is a Thibetan word meaning fort), and |-was to meet there the representatives of the Lhasa government.” But the hearts of the Thibetdns. misgave them | and they failed to keep their appoint- ment; and the subjects -of the Dalaj Lama who till those valleys were badly frightened when they saw’ the mission ! and its militar® escort, fér they live near the frontier whege no thought is so insistent and ever present as that of the constant vigilance required to ward off missions and all othes forms of intrusion. “No white man had ever. before seen this fort of Khamba, which is about’'a hundred miles north of the terminus of the Indian railroad at Darjiling. It was far fo the west that Landor. was caught and tortured. But thé Indian surveyors who, disguised as Buddhists, have passed through the rich and well- tilled -valleys on théir way ta Lhasa, have known of the rudely armed.troops who have sallied forth from Khamba their matchlocks, lances, mation that Europeans-were knockhig for, admittarice at the southern passes leadfng into their countiy.” 'Floggingjnr.' Crim Flogging as'a punishment for érime is not confined to Deélaware. - It I3 stifl applied fér “roguery and vaga- bondage” in England. under 3 statutd of George IV. At a recent session of the Worcester Quarter Sessions a’ man indicted for being a rogue and a vag- abend was nteiced to receive “gighteen strokes of the birch” ‘;u‘:d to suifer fouiteen days’ imprisonment. It appears that tlie only offense pow punishable-by flogging 4n ‘England is that of vagrancy. For this delin- quency corporal punishment, -unlim- ited eithei as to the amount or instru- ment, may be publicly inficted. In 1900 a bill, which received many sup- porters in Parliamént, proposad to ex- tend the pehalty of the lash to other crimes, but.it was-defeated. Humani- tarian movernents for the repeal of the old vagraney act have- been ‘thus far unsuccessful. Several Flome Secre- tariés have urged its repeal and the Humanitarian -League has. recently sent a protest against the act to the Home Secretary, who, has the.power to remit sentences. .The . whipping punishment has .been- inflicted on British tramps. on séveral occasion: of late. . s Insanity in Cities. The. fact that citles are the’ chief breeders of insanity -has long been known to alienists. Dr. Hammond wrote in 1853 that “large collections of people fn one place certainly tend to incregse in the number of theinsane. The_ larger the city and the more the frhabitants are crowded together the greater, other things being equal, will It is also known that it ig the poor who ars most prone to insanity. Overcrowding. underfeeding. bad -air in foul. tene- ments, alcohplic excesses and -other vices undermire the vitality af thou- sands and lead to mental as’ well as physical breakdown.. Add to these, for all classes, the epidemic get-rich-quick fever, the growing bitterness of compe- tition, the anxieties and unceriainties of professional life. the general forcing of the pace with the resulting nervous strain, the economic discontent seem- ingly growing even. with ‘increase of wages, the unrest among women, and we appear to have .causes enough for the belief that the progress of civiliza- tion Increases brain disease.—New Yozk Evening Post. 3 2 World's F.’opulah'on: The New . York Sun says that the es- timated population of the world in 1903 is 1,547,423,000, which is an in- crease of 39,505,000 over the estimates for 1897, ‘'or an average increase of 6,584,166 a year. At this rate the world's average growth of population amounts in less than eleven years to the number of persons mow living in the United States. In the merely business aspects of this rapfd growth it is easy to'see that the large increase in the number of human beinzs has been a very Important element in Bless dem 1i'I" chillun— Each curly li'l" head, “Dreamin’ er de Chris'mus En de reindeer on de shed; Axin' w'en dey comin’, Ez you tuck 'em up in bed— Sleep, If'l" honey, "twel de mawnin’! Bless dem 1i'l" chillun!— Dey talkin' night. eh day 'Bout Mister Chris’'mus comin’ ‘What been so long away; En dey ruther have de Chris'mus Dan de mockin' birds er May— Sleep, 11" honey, 'twel de mawnin'! —Atlanta Constitution. Opening Up Lhasa. been fec- | 5¢ jagt the hidden terrors of Lhasa, be hoped | the Forbidden City of Thibet, are be- that most | gining to be uncovered. The New York all. positions—of being ashamed of his | Sun gives the following account of the “No wonder that the Thibetans have been dismayed by the white invasion of their southern mountains. The mis- volver lost by a peace officer, who didn’t have sufficient use | slon which Colonel Younghusband led of it. The fact is of public i : act is mb{-cf‘ up the valleys from Darjiling, four months ago, penetrated thirty miles into that pa»t of Thibet. The party had raising the value of the international exchanges of commodities in the past forty years. Beginning Early. In the Philippines the use of tobaceo iis universal. The native child acquires the tobacco habit as soon as it is abie to walk. In the northern provinces, es- peeially, it is no uncommon sight to see a child five or six years old puffing vigorously at a big cigar. The women gmoke fully as much as the men, and commonly smoke cigars where the men use cigarettes. In the northern parts of Luzon, immemse cigars, often a couple of feet long and as thick as the wrist, are used. Such a cigar is sus- pended from a rafter of the house by a string and smoked during tBe day ° by all the members of the family as desired. . 8 2 —_—— e Townsend's Californta glace fruits and candies, 3¢ a pound. in artistic fire-" etched boxes. A resent for Eastern friends. 715 Market st., above Call bidg. * ————— Special information supplied daily to the Press Clipping (Allen’s). -" > i n’ fornta street. Main o % E