The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, July 19, 1903, Page 30

30 THE SAN FBANCISCO- CALL, SUNDAY, JULY 19, 1903. ———— +___—_______———’——0 PREHISTORIC REMAINS of 10,000,000 Years Ago | ARE FOUND IN MONTANA ISTS IN MONTANA, IS SAID TO PONDEROUS ANIMAL WHICH ONCE GRAZED OVER ROCKY MOUN- TAIN RANGES, WHOSE SKULL, RECENTLY FOUND BY SCIENT- BE LARGEST IN WORLD. NE of the most remarkable and noteworthy fossil finds yet re- ported on inthis country or else- where has been recently made sedition seng out by the Ameri- s ory, planned nry F. Os- partment of paleon- sts of un- neastern portion of ~omplete skull of the r known as tricera- iture’'s head measures 15 feet wide, making king specimen so maller ones have fessor Marsh of Yale ling in dimen- of pre Montana & huge extinct the specimen Is o a of the size of the mor a from the figure ed hands, which ps of the crea- 1 would easily i for twelve men to ing the cre end age of rep- tiles ted to have been vears ago. As he and banks of the ke which in remote times of Montana, and nearly s of country west he was doubt- formidable beast ani direction of Pri s here pictured, peculiar head, as e and wonderful twice th k of a large ele- phant and weighed ten tons and more. The monster fed aves and plants of the tre ion which was abundant in th in his time, and he wanted not a little for his sustenance. For a day's rations he would consume from 3® to e of these for food. The conspic of triceratops was his Over each eye of sharp, masstve upward. The skull pro- r the neck and ended ng frill. As a fighter ferocious and practi- cally unconquerable. His powerful head seems to ave been intended for both offense and defense. His legs were ex- tremely massive, necessary to sustain such & weighty body. The find was made by Barnum Brown of the museum and Professor Lull of Amherst College, who together did the excavating. The head was discovered by first peming upon one ef the horns pro- trudfng above the surface, on the banks of a small branch of the Missouri, a 135 miles southwest of Miles City. lowing the clew of the protruding bit horn, the fossil experts carefully removed and scraped away the sand till the whole form and size of the specimen was clearly outlined. The head lay flat, with the horns pointing oward, just as he ev dently sank hel y in the mire a was cov | | = S «» = = Refrigerators Keep provisions longer and use less ice than any other make. tend for eatalogue. W. W. MONTAGUE & 0. 309-317 Market St. BQBCRCOOCAORRCRCRECRCY IROACOROROROR TREORY e beast lived dur- | al made by | % | lions of years ago. By a system of props and by tunneling around and under the immense fragile head, which in the mean- time had been rendered hard by chemi- cals and made secure by several coats of plaster, it was crated and transported to the railroad station, 185 miles away. It is no easy task exhuming one of these prehistoric monsters even after it has been located. It required nearly four weeks of skillful and patient labor to re- move and extract the head from its bu- | rial place in the sand strata. The great skull was found intact, except as above | mentioned. Lest year within two weeks over $12,- 000,000 worth of timber and other property was destroyed by forest fires in Oregon and Washington. This enormous loss oc- curred upon a restricted area and rep- resents only a_very small part of the an- nual loss from this source. Every tim- | bered region of the United“States suffers | year after year from fire. The annual ioss is estimated at from $25,000,000 to $50,- o 000. Forest fires have been regarded most inevitable, and few eystematic ts have been made to prevent or control them except in the States of New York, Pennsylvania and Minneésota, which have efficient systems of fire pro- tection. The Bureau of Forestry has this year undertaken a thorough study of the for- est fire problem in several different re- gions. It has placed men In forest dis- tricts to study fires while In the process | of burnin, Instead of waiting until the | fires are over and relylng for informa- | tion on local reports, as has been done heretofore, the fires are now being ob- | served by the bureau’s agents and full data will be obtained as to how they | were caused, how fast they burn, what conditions favor or hinder them, and just what damage they do to the sofl and to | tree growth. Each agent of the bureau has been assigned to a district and is in- vestigating all fires that occur within his territory. For example, one man studles a lumber tract, another a farming dis- trict, a third a turpentine orchard, etc. In connection with this detafled study the agents will obferve the methods of fire protection practiced by rallroads and other owners of timber lands. The fire warden system of the States which have forest fire laws, and the patrol system in use on the Federal forest reserves will also be observed closely. By such methods the Bureau of For- estry hopes to replace with carefully gathered facts the vague general notions that now exist about forest fires. When the problem is solved for any particular region the bureau will be ready to recom- mend methods of fire protection and con- trol for the private land-owner and to suggest forest fire legislation for the varfous States. The investigation is now in progress in Northern Florida and Southern Alabama and Georgia under the direction of Ernest A. Sterling. H. J. Tompkins, with a small corps of assistants, has begun the work in Minnesota, Wis., and Michigan. Later in the season a study of forest fires will be made on the Pacific Coast. ot Y An interesting competition is to be car- ried out under the aegis of the Aeronaut- ical Soclety of Great Britain to ascertain the maximum -height to which it is pos- sible to fly kites. The trials will take place on the Sussex downs. The contest is of an-international character, so as to obtain considerable data relative to the utility of kites with which to attain high altitudes. There is no stipulation regard- | ing the size of the kites, but only single | kites must be employed and a height of 3000 feet is fixed as the minimum. The | duration of flight must be one hour. Each kite will carry a welght of two pounds to represent sclentific instruments. Sev- eral enthusiastic kite flyers. have decided | to participate In the contest. Various materials in the manufacture of kites will be employed. Most of them will be made of canvas, but one will be flown constructed of aluminum. This is a de- cided novelty, but it is anticipated that it will work satisfactorily. The string is steel wire wound upon a big reel and welighing fifteen pounds to the mile, so that at an elevation of 15840 feet the kite will Have to support a welght of forty- five pounds. There will also be an exhi- bition flight by Patrick Alexander of al- most every kind of kite used by man, in- clusive of the Japanese and Chinese. In the event of there being insufficient wind to lift the kites from a stationary position it is proposed to employ motor cars to give them a flying start in precisely the same manner in which a boy runs, drag- lg\nl his kite behind him, in order to ob- tain sufficient atmospheric resistance to cause the kite to rise. ¢ Townsend’s California glace fruits and candles, 50c a pound, In artistic fire- etched boxes. A nice present for Eastern friends. 715 Market st., above Call bldg:* ————— Speclal information supplied dally to Press c‘uph:m B“‘d l“lelll: B7ihe ureau 's), - fornia street. Telephone ll:l:w o - —————— “¥Yes, guh,” sald the Kentuckian, remi- niscently, “he were the best Jedge we evah had in Kaintucky.” “Why, I didn’t know he was a Judge,” said the stranger. “The best in the State, suh,” affirmed the native; “he could tell to the mlnuul how old a brand o’ liquor were by merely clonati Commerclal tastin’ it.”—Cin Tri- bune. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL. JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor . . . . . ... . .. . . .Address Communications to W. S. LEAKE, Manager SUNDAY . ey ek e NS v s T g det s RN EO. 200 Publiowtion 0P08 .. ... J55se. crsnssnpamriys dtteies @....................m:a-ndlmms:mu,a.r. MR. HAY'S VICTORY. ECRETARY HAY pioneered in the movement to commit the powers to the policy of an open door for trade in China. e succeeded. Then ensued a symptom of Russia’s defection from that agreement in the form of a ukase from the Czar proposing, at a date fixed, to limit entry of Russian ports to Russian ships. . At the time we pointed out that this foreshadowed Russia’s ‘intention to control Chinese ports and apply to them this limitation. It is entirely within the powe= of Russia to abrogate her commer=ial treaties and close her harbors to foreign merchant- men. That policy is like our regulation of our coastwise trade and trade between our own ports, which we limit to American ships. It is not a great stretch of policy from that to closing the ports of a country to all but its own bottoms. It.will be seen, then, that Secretary Hay had a timely vision of the importance of the Chinese trade and bound the commercial countries in an agreement that its door should be open to all. The nations, after long discussion with our State Department, agreed to this, and therefore each was bound to that policy within its zone of influence. & Russia seems to awaken slowly to things. = Perhaps her lack of alertness is due to her auto- cratic form, which in its domestic administration takes its time, no matter who may be slaughtered in Kishenev or starving in a dungeon or freezing in North Siberia. So Russia pinched herself into the conviction that she wanted all the trade of Manchuria, and that to open a door there to her com- mercial competitors would subject her to thetinconvenience of working for commerce instead of seiz- ing by military force. Hence the proposition to limit entry of her ports to her own ships and active preparations to permanently occupy Manchuria. All of this was in violation of the open door agree- ment and of the convention which followed the occupation of Peking. But the other nations, except Japan, were slow to anger at this bad faith. Actuated probably by commercial jealousy of the United States, they seemed willing to permit the triumph of diplomatic lying for Russia’s benefit, that they might use her breach of agreement as an excuse for declaring the open-door convention ob- soleted for all because violated by one. = This put the United States in a most difficult position, cal- culated to try to the extreme the diplomatic genius of Secretary Hay. It is gratifying to his countrymen that he has won the most significant victory in the history of diplomacy, and that Russia has pledged to both this country and Japan to make no opposition to the open door in Manchuria. It is gratifying that he won this for the world, for the nations that had looked unmoved upon the aggressions of Russia, and for the commerce of peoples whose govern- ments, instead of trying to correct Russia’s attitude, were willing to use it as a precedent in the in- terest of their own selfishness. The appearance of the United States in world politics, under Mr. Hay’s guidance, has been conspicuously honorable. It has been attended by novel features. Fearing no one, able to take care of ourselves against the world in arms, we have entered the larger sphere of influence and interests, free of any need to use the methods of intrigue and indirection in our international affairs. Half the foreign offices of the world are aghast at our frankness, and all the world is impressed by our unselfishness, which improves an exclusive opportunity with Russia to secure a binding pledge of ben- efits which all nations share alike. ? In view of these large matters, of such supreme interest to us and the world, which Secretary Hay has accomplished, it is merely amusing to read the attack made upon him and the President by the Hearst papers in connection with the Jewish petition. While Mr. Hay is making prestige for his country, those papers are trying to make capital for a party. Their attitude is an insult to every in- telligent Jew in the country. They have, indeed, found here an open door to every opportunity of life, and they are not to be led into a raid upon this Government nor this administration by the- young-man-stuck-on-himself. HIGHER EDUCATION IN'BRITAIN. NE of the effects of the anxiety felt in Great Britain over the rivalry of the United States and Germany with her manufacturers and her merchants has been an increased attention to the subject of education. At the present time something like an educational boom is going on in the United Kingdom. In addition to the new education act, which is, unfor- tunately, a subject not only of partisan but of sectarian controversy and bitterness, there is a vigorous movement toward improving and extending facilities for higher education. = A great school of tech- nology has been projected for London and will doubtless be speedily undertaken, for a number of wealthy men have offered to give liberal endowments to the institution provided the Government will assure its foundation and nfaintenance. Another evidence of the increased interest in higher education is seen in the agitation for an improvement of the universities so as to provide for the education of a larger number of students and for giving instruction in branches of learning demanded by the needs of the age. As a part of that agitation Nature has recently compiled a series of statistics showing how far Great Britain is behind the United States and Germany in the matter of university training. The figures show that in Great Britain there is only one student in the universities for every 10,000 inhabitants, while Germany has 7.87 students and the United States no less than 12.76 students. Reviewing the contrast between the United States and Great Britain more in detail, the writer goes on to say: “In the older country there are but thirteen universities and twenty university col- leges, whereas in the United States there are 170 colleges with an endowment of over $100,000 and forty-nine of these have endowments of over $500,000, while three of them have an cndowmenr, of over $10,000,000. The total number of professors and instructors in universities and colleges in- cluded in the lis¥ of the United States commission of education is 17,000, whereas the number of day students inithe universities and university colleges of Great Britain is only about 20,500, so that there are almost as many university teachers in the United States as there are university students in Great Britain.” In no respect is the contrast between the attitude of the people of the two countries toward uni- versity education more striking than in the amount of donations given for higher education by men and women of wealth. It appears that during the period: from 1871 to 1gor the amoust of private gifts to universities in America was eight times greater than the amount given for such purposes in Great Britain. The presentation of the facts is calculated to rouse British leaders to a recognition of the importance of providing the youth of the country with instruction that will enable Great Britain to compete with American and German experts, who are rapidly dominating the industrial world. Whatever be the effect, therefore, of the education act upon primary instruction, it appears certain that something like a radical change will soon be made in the facilities for higher education in_the United Kingdom. n THE COMING GRAND ARMY. HOUGH diminished in numbers, it is still a Grand Army. = It is not that lithe and strong- stepping host that passed in review in Washington before disbanding to seek again the pur- suits of peace. It had taken part in the mightiest battles in the history of war. It had met and overcome a gallant and resourcefu] foe. It had accomplished more of benefit to human freedom and the progress of man and humanity than any army that ever marched and fought. It had the skill, organization, courage and leadership to have entered upon conquest. But it stacked arms and dissolved as a warlike force and in due time re-formed its ranks to preserve the memory of its strenuous days and to keep patriotism glowing in the hearts of its countrymen. This army will soon be in California, its members the guests of this State. Though they will come in thousands, their total roster is but a bare remainder of that magnificent force which taught the world how bravely Americans can fight for an idea, and how sincerely they love the Union and the liberty of which it is the shield. No hospitality will be omitted that can add to their treasures of memory. They will carry back a glowing picture of this favored land and will forget the older memories of their days in battle in telling the story of what they see here. Y They come from the middle West and the far East, from the midst of flashing heat and besom-like tornadoes and high-rolling floods; they come from the nervous tension of whole popula- tions which watch the clouds and winds, and tremble, to find here no weather, but only the placid humor of an equable climate, with the cool ocean breezes of the coast and the invigorating dryness of the interior valleys and foothills, where a cloudless sky and atmosphere like a lens so'cnlarge the stars that these visitors will feel that their feet are upon a new earth and that a new heaven arches above them. They will see the effect of kindly nature upon the dispositions of men. As nature is lavish in her gifts, men are generous in their hospitality, and every old soldier of this Grand Army will rejoice that he fought well for a country that has in'it a State like California. > | question with a frankness | only CHAMPION OF CARLYLE | DEFENDS PHILOSOPHER | in a British Review ' | ONDON, July 11.—Sir James Crich- ton Browne, in an article in the British Medlcal Review, enswers | the charges leveled against Thom- as Carlyle by James Anthony Froude In the recently published posthu- mous pamphlet. Froude’s allegation was that Carlyle was one of those men who ought never to | marry and that matrimeny, therefore, be- | came a tragedy for both him and Jane | Welsh Carlyle. After discussing some aspects of the| permissible | in a medical journal, Sir James | Crichton Browne says: “Mrs. Carlyle's | childlessness was probably the main cause | of her unhappiness. The history of the Carlyle and Welsh familles leaves little doubt that the infertility was on her side. I need not rehearse all the symptoms | which combine to show that Mrs. Carlyle | was a highly neurotic woman and that | the vagaries of ner condition inflicted | much prolonged suffering on her husband. | How different it might have been had she had an infant to dandle and a child to | rear! “To any one with a spark of knowledge | of human nature Carlyle's long, passion- ate’mourning for his wife, his lonesome | visits to her grave, when he knelt down and reverently kissed the green mound, must betoken a tenderer tie than mere platonic friendship.” B . Midsummer is past and we are now en- tering upon what is commonly called the dead season in the book world. Former- ly it was considered that during the pe- riod of the summer holidays new books had no chance of success, competing, as they do then, with those outdoor pleas- ures usually associated with July and August. This led to the damming up of the literary stream until October, when the floods were let loose, to the distrac- | tion of readers and critics alike. | Hall Caine was one of the first to see the advantage of breaking through this illogical custom and by publishing “The Manxman” and its successors in the depth of the dead season he secured at- tention that might otherwise have been | missed. It is in the fleld of fiction particularly | that the senselessness of the custom apparent and there are signs in the list of some of the leading publishers that the lesson taught by Hall Caine and his pub- lisher has not been lost. Whatever pub- | hers may be afraid of in the dead sea- son, Messrs, Methuen are not. They pub- lish a list of novels to be issued from now up till the beginning of October, which | practically marks the opening of the au- tumn season. This list includes no fewer than twenty-six books, which will be is- sued at the rate of two or three a week. Twelve books are to be published in what is supposed to be the “deadest” of all the | FAMOUS PHILOSOPHER WHOSE DOMESTIC LIFE FORMS THE SUB- JECT OF RECENTLY PUBLISHED SCOUTED BY SIR JAMES CRICHTON BROWNE. “REVELATIONS” WHICH ARE | - months—August. But Messrs. Methuen are not the only publishers who have found August a good month in which to issue new books. ‘o, ¢.'d That the publishing business is not without its romantic adventuves is shown by an incident which Mr. John Lane nar- rates. He found one day a novel with no name attached Jeft at his office. Mr. Lane read the MS. and discovered it to be a historical novel of deep interest, but who was the author? He dfd all he could to find him or her, but his search proved fruitless. The book, which is now in the printer's hands, 1s likely, I am assured, to prove a big success, not only on ‘account of its merit, but because of this'new method of the writer to obtain that popularity notoriety which usually is the result of a book that may strike out on some new line being published anonymously. London. boasts a great varfety of lit- erary clubs, chiefly dining clubs. Per- haps the most interesting of these clubs. because it is the youngest, i the “Boz" Club, founded by Mr. Percy Fitagerald, the president of which this-year is Sir Henry Irving. The other evening Sir Henry presided over a dimmer attended by a notable gathering, which cffered an interesting contrast to the supercilious treatment of Dickens that held sway for a considerable period In what was consid- ered high literary circles. Time was when Dickens had only a few admirers among what are called the cultured classes. Here are a few of those present at the dinner, all of them great admirers of Dickens; Sir Norman Lockyer, Sir James Crichton- Browne, Sir Frederick Bridge, Sir F. C. Burnand, Mr. Edgerton Castle, Mr, Hall Calme, Mr. M. H. Splelmann, Mr. Marcus Stone and a whole host of others well known in literary and artistic circles. I learn that Mr. Neil Munro, one of the latest novellsts of the younger school | to attain fame, is favorably considering an invitation to lecture in Canada during the autumn. One can imagine the great Highland welcome which the author of “John Splendid” would receive from the Gaels in the great Dominfon. It is pleasing to report that the fllness | of Mr. George Meredith is, after all, not so serfous as was reported a week ago. Considerable alarm was created among his friends and admirers by the Statement of the enterprising reporter who wrots that Mr. Meredith had periods of only partial consciousness. As a matter of fact I am told Mr. Meredith’s illness has not been at all dangerous. As Mr. Mere- dith himself said to a friend: “The diffi- culty with me is to obtain unconscious- ness.” i —_———— The good old pastor took the bright lit- tle north side boy on his Enee. “Donald,” he sald, “I hope to see you walk in the straight and narrow path that leads to the good world.” “I'd rather go In a houseboat,” repli Donald.—Chicago Tribune, o0 By HARRY LEON WILSON ' AUTHOR OF “THE SPENDERS™ THE BROOKLYN DAILY EAGLE: **'The Lions of the Lord’ is an im. measely impressive story. Without affectation, without strain, withoat cari- catare, it affords a pictare of the fight into the wilderness, and of the men who converted that flight into a purposeful and ultimately triumphant conquest, ‘which has not hitherto begn equalled.” THE BOSTON TRANSCRIPT: * Heretofore no novel bas dealt so vi- tally with the history, the scenes, and the characters of Mormonism, and 5o pred- ecessor has so clearly strack the keynote of its comedy as well 23 its fearsome tragedy. Joel Rae, the hero, is one that may not soon be forgotten.” €3 X £ % & €3 v 8T. LOUIS REPUBLIC: ;? “The reader who begins ‘The Lions > of the Lord® will cerainly finish fe. There’s a tragedy at the close, the tn- exorable tragedy of Joe! Rae’s life, but there’s also one of the pretticst of love- - story happy endings, in which a dashing a-h.,-yt:‘y. Young Lochinvar in & way > you wapt to mp up wnd whoop hurraha for Mm. 1\-:‘. admirably constructed, and there is real vinlity in the people.” g AN 3 PHILA. PUBLIC LEDGER: 3 3 £ 3 k3 £ e e