The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, August 6, 1902, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 6, ¢ 1902, THE PACKERS' MERGER. OR some time rumors have been current that the meat packers of the United Statés are devis- .AUGUST 6, 1902 I ing a merger, which will enable them to dictate WEDNESDAY.... prices.to both producer and consumer. While com- JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Liéress A1 Communicetions to W, 5. LEAKE, Manager. N TELEPHONE. @Ask for THE CALL. The Operator Will Connect You With the Department You Wish. PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, S. F. EDITORIAL ROOMS.....217 to 221 Stevenson St. Delivered by Carrfers. 15 Cents Per Week. Single Coples. 5 Cents. Terms by Mafl, Including Postage: DAILY CALL (including Sunday), one year. DAILY CALL (including Sunday), 6 months. 00 DAILY CALL (ncluding Sunday), 3 months. .50 DAILY CALL—By Single Month. s BUNDAY CALL. Ope Year. 1.80 WEEKLY CALL, One Year. - 1.00 All postmasters are aunthorized to receive subscriptions. EBample coples will be forwarded when requested. Mafl subscribers in ordering change of address should be particular to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order #o tnsure = prompt and correct compliance with thelr request. CAKLAND OFFICE. ..1118 Broadway €. GEORGE KROGNESS. Mezager Foreign Advertising, Marqustte Building, Chicago. (Long Distance Telephone “Central 2619.”) NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH........30 Tribune Building NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT: E. C. CARLTON...........s000s..Herald Square NEW YORK NEWS STANDS: ‘Waldorf-Astoria Hotel; Erentsno, 81 Union Square; Sfurray Hill Hotel. CHICAGO NEWS ETANDS: Eherman House; P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel; Premont House; Auditorium Hotel. MVASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE....1406 G St., N. W. MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. SRANCH OFFICES—327 Montgomery, corner of Clay, open motil $:30 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open ntil 9:30 o'clock. 633 McAllister, cpen until 9:80 o'clock. 45 Larkin, open until #:80 o'clock. 1941 Mission, open uptil 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, corner Sixteenth, open until 9 o'clock. 1006 Va- iencia, open until ® o'clock. 108 enth, open until 9 o'clock. NW. corner Twenty-second!and Kentucky, open untf] ® o'clock. 2200 Filimore, open untfl § p. m. NAGGING GERMANY. 1900 made some Senate, about coming trouble with Germany. entire misconception of the Monroe Since the e¢mergence of this country into doctrine. a wider concern in the affairs of other nations, more ficance is Senators. The Senaie, as part of the treaty-making power, is 2 participant in the executive function, and it is thr h the executive that we present ourselves | in all forei Germany, therefore, consid- ered the expressions light than if they had been indulged in by a member of the House Recently, some expressions attributed to Admiral g a war with Germany in 1907, have attracted attention in the empire and have been com- mented on by the German press. The admiral dis- avows the language imputed-to him, and says that he was merely urging forward the policy of completing our fortifications and defenses. If so, no just offense can be taken by Germany. Our seacoast defense is a subject that has been alive always, and got its modern impetus from the remarkable letter of Mr. Tilden to Samuel J. Randall in 1885. Our long coast line is at once our strength and our weakness, Taylor, regardi seacoast and its wi ss has been increased by our acquisi- tion of Porto Rico, Hawaii and the Philippines. Instead of strengthening our defensive position those i ds have weakened it, by requiring a de- fensive force and preparation double that formerly needed by our whole continental area. Under these circumstances, defensive armament and fortifi ply the ordinary national pre- cauti which no Government can wisely or safely | omit. Discussion of the subject concerns us alone and no ot on can take offense at such discus- sion is very different, however, from the decla- ration that we preparing such armament and fortificaticns for offensive purposes, aimed at any other nation The only contest of which we are conscious, as ex- isting between us and Germany, or any other natiom, is 2 commercial issue entirely. Our trade is com- petitive. It cannot be projected by war, nor ex- tended by martial preparation. We want no war with Germany, or any other power, for commercial pir- Nor will we h poses. any foreign war except to vin- dicate the national honor against an aggressor. Such 2 war is defensive purely, and our people will not willingly support martial adventure for any other purpose. It is true that those uneas irits among us who promote and provoke war always try to justify it by involving the national honor in the issue, but that is their enforced acknowledgment of the disposition of oupfpeople to avoid-cffensive warfare. Of this Ger- many and 2ll other nations now in friendly attitude to us may be assured, that the American people will meet them in commercial competition in the world’s market, with no other purpose than to win trade by superior excellence and economy of production, and that our policy is the constructive policy of peace, and not the destructive policy of war. B e — the principle of trusts is not ingrained in the American character. Even the peanut venders at the Cliff House have established a trust and in angry asszult have spoiled the face of a gentleman who offered competition. No one may claim now tha Hayti is in another awful turmoil in which life, property and liberty are threatened on all sides. It would seem that our dusky southern friends mighte, leave nature to supply all the destruction and disaster that are really needed in the tropical islands. Italy and Switzerland after a long quarrel have at last agreed to kiss and make up. Neither seems to have a distinct understanding what the row was about and both are trying to discover who got the best of it by a reconciliation. Our London friends are raising a howl of protest against that new product of American scheming, the beef trust. This seems to be the first incident re- garding which we and our English friends are heart- ily in accord. The trouble with the Democratic party is fhat it thinks it is hunting for issues when it is really dodging them. Bryan now declares he is in favor of “higher ideals.” How is that for a harmony platiorm? ENATOR LODGE of Massachusetts early in | isquieting statements in the | 1ents were based upon what may be re- | attached to the official utterances of | of the Senator in a different | binations for such purpose may succeed for a time, or perhaps indefinitely, when they control articles of commerce that are ot among the prime necessities of life, it is doubtful if one can be suftained that pro- poses to apply such control to an important article of food, the use of which is necessary to existence. - Mr. Springer, president of the National Livestock Association, publishes a statement’ which represents the sentiment of the producers. This statement seems to indicate that the men who are making the merger have made certain promises to the producers, which may be assumed to be that the price paid them shall be left for regulation to the law of supply and de- inability of the producer to enforce such an under- standing, if it have been offered. Therefore he warns both producer and consumer of the danger ahead. If such merger be made it would, no doubt, be met by a counter organization. This could not be made by the consumers, who are too numerous to organize. Their resistance, however, will be passive and powerful, for if the price advance they will limit consumption. The producers, however, have the power of combination and no doubt will use it. Their logical course will lead them to enter the slaughter- ing, packing and distiibuting business, themselves, in opposition to the merger. They have immense re- sources and can command all the force needed to fight to a finish. They would probably require some statutory as- sistance, for the merger would meet their competi- tion by a reduction of prices at competing points. This would enable trial &f a legislative plan which we have not yet seen suggested. Trade combinations fight competition by lowering prices where it ap- pears, and making good the loss by maintaining high |prices at non-competing points. As the commerce is interstate, under the decision of the Supreme Court that sustains the interstate commerce law, it is com- petent for Congress to enact a law requiring that, when prices are reduced at a competing point to destroy competition, the same prices must be ex- tended to all points where the combination is selling to consumers, and that they must not be raised again, anywhere, without the consent of some official authority. We are clear that such legislation is con- stitutional, and its value as a measure preventive of | all schemes to suppress competition cannot be over- | estimated. When the commerce is not interstate, the States can protect competition, and defend both pro- ducer and consumer, by similar State legislation. Heretofore the law has followed closely upon the | heels of all forms of organized capital and trade, and | wise lawmakers have sought to preserve whatever is | good in them, while depriving them, as far as may be, of power for harm. If the pessimists are right in declaring that such mergers inflict harm.for which ! law can provide no remedy, then human government, | in its popular form, is a failure. Our popular institu- | tions are an outgrowth of the common law, and through them runs the principle that for every wrong | the law provides a remedy. It will be seen, then, that | if any wrong, the least or the greatest, be remediless, } government itself is a failure. | Restraints of trade, suppression of competition, artificial manipulation of prices, fitful rise and fall of values, by artifice, are all public wrongs, and are not | without remedy, to bc found through the ordinary | processes of government. Such statutory require- | ment as we suggest would at once extend the bene- ficial fall of prices in competing markets to points non-competitive. At once it would be so injurious to commercial competitors to artificially depress prices | below cost of production that they would refrain | from such method, and competition would not be destroyed, | Resort to such legal protection will be more cer- | tain when the commerce involved is in an important | and necessary article of food, like meat. It is there- | fore rather to be hoped that the meat merger will supply the neccessity for resort to the statutory | remedy, for such law would at once apply to all com- | mercial articles, whether prime necessities or not, that are controlled by combination. e e | - A pioneer of Modoc County was murdered a few days ago, the missile of death being delivered from | cluded among the leading industries of the county. EUROPEAN ARMAMENTS. K Kaiser this month and it is said his object is to induce the Kaiser to join in a general re- mitted a similar proposition to the Czar on his recent visit to St. Petersburg and received encouragement :‘at Berlin will virtually come ‘from the Czar as well | The proposal is in line with the trend of European | thought. The object is the same as that for which } Hague. The failure of the conference does not imply | the failure of the project. It is an old saying that | nothing 'is ever settled until it is settled right. i only, possible settlement of the European armament they fall well within economic lines. So long as the arsiaments continue to be too heavy a burden to be debts;and without seriously impairing the industrial energies of the people, so long will the agitation for made. If it be not brought about by international agreement it will be forced in the end by national It is a significant fact that in making his present move tgward reducing armaments King Victor has certain leaders among them have not hesitated to de- | clare a- ponviction that steps toward reduction will | duction to be made at once, but they do assert that | the tendency hereafter will be toward lessening the Italian bankers have spoken without consultation with bankers of other countries and consequently | man of ‘financiers and that he will approach the Kaiser with the support of the money kings as well The French Ministry purposes reduction without waiting-for-‘international agreement. At the present three years of his life to service in the army, and France is thus able to maintain on a peace footing sented which will reduce the term of service with the colors to two years, which on the present basis will | behind. Assassination may now reasonably be in- ING VICTOR of Italy is expected to visit the uction of European armies. It is added that he sub- 1 from that court. Thus the project when submitted | as from Victor. | the Czar called the famous peace conference at The | The |question will be that of reducing armaments until borne without a continuous increase of national reduction go on, and sooner or later it must be bankruptcy. | the cordial support of the bankers of Italy, and that soon be:taken. They do not expect any radical re- | rather than increasing armaments. It is not likely | it may be that King Victor is in this case the spokes- as with the support of the Czar. time each young man in France is supposed to give an army of 539,000 men. A bill ‘has now been pre- reduce the army during times o_f peace to 359,000 mand. But Mr. Springer is no doubt aware of the, | 1 4k 3 e men, but it is claimed that by abolishing all ex- emptions which now obtain, the army can be raised to 489,000. In either case there will be a considerable reduction and a consequent double benefit, first by lessening the burden of taxation and second by in- creasing the industrial strength of the people. It seems fairly well assured that the French bill will be enacted. France then will have made a step toward reducing her armament and since Russia and Italy are eager to follow the example it is hardly likely the Kaiser will be able to resist the demand in Germany for reductions there. It is not a matter of sentiment but a matter of business. Disarmament is urged now not because the nations are to live in peace, but because the industrial $truggle has become so keen that they must lighten themselves of military burdens in order to have afair chance in the com- mercial competition. B —— SOUTH CAROLINA’S CAMPAIGN. NDER the peculiar primary election law of U South Carolina every candidate for a State office or for the United ‘States Senate is re- quired to make at least one 'speech in each county of the State before the primaries are held. The law is designed for the double purpose of compelling: can- didates to come out into the open and declare them- selves on all issues before the people while at the same time affording everyvoter an opportunity to see and hear every candidate who is soliciting, his suffrage. In consequence of the law the State cam- paign is at this time running with a flood tide of ora- tory and the people are doing hardly anything else than attending political meetings. For the purpose of preventing a conflict of issues it has been provided that the meetings held for the pur- | pose of enabling candidates for the Senate to present themselves to the people shall be distinct from those at which candidates for State offices appear. The in- terest of course is confined to the Democratic pri- maries, for it is known that Republicans in that State have no chance whatever. Moreover, it is known that the will of the primaries will be carried oyt by the State convention in making nominations and by the Legislature in electing a United States Senator, so that virtually the primary election is the election that determines the result. That being understood by everybody the contest for success at the Demo- cratic primaries is being carried on with the utmost vigor. When that has been decided the rest will fol- low as a foregone conclusion. There are six Democratic aspirants for the United States Senate. As each of them has to appear in each county of the State, the Democratic State Committee by way of economy. has provided that all of them | shall appear together, so that not more than one Senatorial meeting will have to be arranged for in’ the different counties. The six candidates therefore are traveling together over the State, bunching their speeches at the various points and giving something like a political vaudeville-in which each one does the best stunt he can for the purpose of pleasing the audience and winning votes. Of the six candidates it is said that only two are in any way fitted for the position. One of these is William Elliott of Beaufort, a representative of the old aristocracy of the State. He, like others of his kind, has been kept out of politics of late by the Tillmanites, and it is not believed he has any pros- pect of success in this campaign, but his appearance as a candidate is notable as an evidence of the desire of the old families to win back their former prestige if they can. “The other wells#quipped candidate is John J. Hemphill, a self-made man who has served with distinction in Congress and who gained there the esteem of men of both parties. The remaining aspirants are ex-Congressman John- stone, who made no record in the: House nor any- where else, and of whom very little is known; Asbury Latimer, a Tillmanite Congressman described as a “lightweight;”” ex-Governor John Gary Evans, who is spoken of as “a mighty cheap article”; and Con- gressman Jasper Talbert, who distinguished himself during the last session of Congress by declaring that if South Carolina do rot get her rights in the Union she will again secede. Any of the four lightweights has a better chance of success than Elliott or Hemphill, owing to the peculiar condition of South Carolina politiés, The State is undergoing a period of slow transition. The farmers of the hill country have overthrown ‘the old aristocracy. of the cotton plantations, but :have not yet developed a genuine statesmanship among them- selves. Tillman represents at once their virtues and their defects. He is their strongest man, and it seems certain that the Senator they will choose will be virtually selected at his dictation. . S Chicago stated in a public lecture that Rocke- feller is a greater man than Shakespeare. The statement was received with derision and for a time the Chicago oracle kept silence. Of late, however, the university has received encouragement and back- ing from other Chicago powers and has begun giving forth utterances again. The recent decision of a Chicago court, that “Cyrano de Bergerac” was writ- ten not by a poet of Paris but by a pork packer of Chicago, seems to have been all that was needed to restore to the university its primal flow of wisdom, and now the stream is running full to the brim #nd threatening to overflow the banks. A short time ago one of the lecturers at the uni- versity repeated the original statement with respect to the comparative greatness of Rockefeller and Shakespeare, but put it in a different and more academic form. He eliminated the personalities, and stated the doctrine as an abstract proposition thus: “Few men would be poets if they could do things with their hands. The poet is not the actual doer of things. If Homer had not been blind he might have been a great worker, but he probably would not have been a poet.” The significance of the statement will be readily perceived. As Homer would not have composed poems had he been.able to do things with his hands, it follows that Shakespeare would not have written “Hamlet” had he been able to cure hams; Hhence Rockefeller is greater than any poet, since it is clear that he can and\does do things “with his hands.” Whether Chicago will ever be able to induce man- kind to accept the new view of the cause of poetry is doubtful. Certainly it will not happen so long as men retain any trace of a poetic faculty. It would be more accurate to say that no man will work with his hands if he could be a poet. Could the youth of Rockefeller himself be revealed fully it would prob- ably be found that he tried hard to write poetry to some bright-eyed girl or to' some divine aspiration, and took to the oil business only because he could find no takers for his verse. Chicago in fact should let poetry alone. Her university will find plenty of scope n giving instruction in the art of converting pork into pate de foie gras. -POETRY AND INDUSTRY. OME time ago 2 professor of the University. of THEATRICAL PEOPLE WILL SWELL PYTHIAN ENTERTA + HE Theatrical Managers’ Associa- | -tion will give a monster benefit performance next Friday night at the Grand Opera-house to swell the fund now being collected to entertain the visiting Knights of Pythias. Nearly all the theaters in town will contribute tal- ent to the performance, which promises to be one of the most successful affairs ever given in this city. In addition to several excellent vaudeville specialties an act from dll the leading shows will be produced. The assoclation has already contributed $500 to the fund, but the ur- gent need for more money induced the theatrical folk to plan the benefit to help the fund along. The appeal of the Merchants’ Associa- tion has had a wery beneficial result. The contributions of the day show that the meréhants are alive to the necessities of the occasion. During the day a commit- tee composed of Messrs. Symmes, Sbar- boro, Bundschu, Wheelan and Watkins and other prominent merchants were ac- tively engaged collecting subscriptions from wholesale merchants. A similar committée spént a half-hour yesterday among the retailers on Market street. S. N. Wood & Co. started the ball rolling with a donation of §200. They had intend- ed to give but $50. Hale Brothers doubled their subscription, making it $100, and the Red Front raised theirs by $0. Gibson doubled his subscription and volunteered to canvass his block on Market street. This indicates that the retail trade is alive to the situation and makes it cer- tain the fund will be raised by Saturday night. Jesse Marks and other members of a special committee will visit the wholesale liquor dealers to-day. Lilien- thal & Co. and A. P. Hotaling & Co. each have subscribed $100. One of the enterprising young Pythians who has been selected to look after the welfare of the visitors to the headquar- ters of the local lodges is John McDer- mott of Fairmount Lodge. The following is the programme events for conclave week: The Supreme Lodge of the Knights of Pyth- ias will open its session at the Palace Hotel, Tuesday, August 12, and sessions will be held each day. The visiting members of the Uniform Rank from forelgn jurisdictions will be housed In the Pavilion, while those of the State lodges will camp in tents on the lot on Market and Eleventh streets. On Tuesday there will be a reception to the officers and members of the Uniform Rank and an address by Mayor Schmitz and re- sponse by Major General Carnahan. At 3:30 o'clock there will be the grand parade. The procession. will be reviewed by a number of the State officials, the Mayor and prominent officials of the order from the reviewing stand on Market street opposite the statue in City Hall Park. The company from ‘Placerville will give an exhibition drill in the artillery branch some evening during the week. A cavalry and an artillery drill will be held at the Presidio some day during the week. On Wednesday there will be a parade in this city by the companies and lodges that will assist in the celebration in Oakland and take part in the parade there. In the even- ing the assoclate lodges of San Franclsco and the visiting brethren will hold high revel at the: Chutes; a ball Will close the entertain- ment. The ‘assoclate lodges will receive at the Pioneer building. On Tuesday the Supreme Temple of the Rathbone Sisters will open its session in Native Sons' Hall. The members of the Su- preme Temple will have thelr headquarters at the Hotel Langham. The Imperial Palace of the Degree of the Knights of Khorassan will open its session in Pythian Castle on Market street on Tuesday. Some day during the week the Imperial Palace will be taken on the General Frisble to Mare Island and Vallejo and at the latter place lunch will be served. of L o 00 T I S 0 ANSWERS TC QUERIES. NO PREMIUM—A. S, City. There is no premium offered for ten dollar pieces of 1856. NIGHT SCHOOL—W. B., City. Tha night, school in San Francisco located nearest to Broderick and Oak streets is the one in the Hamilton school building on Geary street, near Scott. WANTS A' POEM—A., Stockton, Cal. This correspondent, a lady, wishes to know where she can find a poem in which occur the lines: A dreamer lives forever, ‘While a toiler dies in a day. MORRILL NOT MERRILL — A. P, City. It was a convict named Morrill and not Merrill who figured in the Evans escape. Merrill, who was Tracy's com- panion, was not the one asked abolut, for Morrill is still in prison. So is Evans. Sontag is dead. TREATY OF GHENT—R. I. W., City. The treaty of Ghent, which was the treaty of peace between the United States and PBngland in 1841, does not say anything about the impressment of seamen, the search of American vessels mor the op- pressive decrees respecting neutral com- merce, the three grievances which main- ly caused the war. KLONDIKE CITY—W. S.,, Watsonville, Cal. There was no Consul representing the United States at Klondike City, Y. T., in 1%1. In the Dominion of -Canada the nearest American Consul to the United States is H. W. Bush, located at Niagara Falls. J. C. McCook is the United States Consul at Dawson City, N. W. T. GREEN CORN—Subscriber, Grass Val- ley, Cal. Sweet corn is canned for preser- vation by placing the vegetable in cans sometimes with a certain proportion of sugar and sametimes without and then sealing the cans. The sealed cans are then placed in water and boiled until the heat has fully cooked their contents; then the cans are taken out and a small hole punched in the top to allow the air to escape, after which the holes are soldered and the cans are regarded as safe from any entrance of air. The contents will keep if not stored in too hot a place for an indefinite period. 3 FROM BLUE TO BROWN-—C. P. Q. | Tiburon, Cal. Ferro-prussiate blue prints are converted into brown prints by the following process: The positive blue print, thoroughly washed and drled, is plunged into a solution of am- monia, in which it is kept until it has nearly or entirely lost its color. This operation lasts from two to four minutes. ‘The print is rinsed and plunged Into a bath of tannic acid, the operation being stopped as soon as the de- sired sharpness and color are obtained. This last operation requires about ten minutes. If at the end of that time the color be not dark enough, it is intensified by adding to the bath a féw drops of ammonia. After a lapse of one or two minutes rinse in abundant water. (1) Solution for preparing the sensitized paper: Tarrate of iron and potassium, 15 gr.; red prussiate of potash, 12 gr.; rain water, 250 c. c. (2) Solution to remove the color of the print Stronger ammonia (.900), 100 c. ¢.; rain water, 800 c. c. (Solution to give the brown tome): Tannic acid, 10 gm.; rain water, 500 c. c.; dis- solve and filter, POPULAR VOTE — Bubscriber, Confi- dence, Cal. The popular vote for Presi- dent of the United States was first re- corded in 1824. The following shows such vote for the two highest candidates at each election since such vote was count- ed: In 1824, Andrew Jackson 155,872, John Q. Adams 105,321; 1828, Andrew Jackson 647,231, John Q. Adams 509,097; 1332, An- drew Jackson 687,502, Henry Clay 530,189; 1836, Martin Van Buren 761,549;, aggregate popular vote of W. H. Harrison, U. L. ‘White, "Daniel Webster, W. P. Mangrum, 736,606; , W. H. Harrison 1,275,017, Mar- tin Van Buren 1124702; 184, James K. Polk 1,337,243, Henry Clay 1,299,068; 1843, L2 GROUP OF PYTHIANS WHO WILL HELP = ENTERTAIN VISITING KNIGHTS DURING CONCLAVE. + The following contributions have been added to the Knights of Pythias fund: Previously reported, $12,283. Additional— Merchants’ Association, $250; Morgan Oyster Co., $50; California and Northwestern R. R. Co., $100; Goidberg, Bowen & Co., $50; Hicks- Judd Co., $25; N. J. Brandenstein, $25; Jos- eph Negrc, $25; A. B. Blanco, $25; N. Schus- sler & Co., $25; American Can Co., $25; Ed Rolkin (Winchester and United States Hotels), PERSONAL MENTION. Dr. E. C. Dunn of Fresno is a guest at the Palace. R. E. Bond, a cattleman of Olean, Or., is at the Lick. G. W. Harney, a fruit grower of Marys- ville, is at the Grand. L C. B. Vincent, a Jackson mining man, is registered at the Lick. John Tregloan, a mining man of Ama- dor City, is at the Grand. James McCudden, the well known naval ccntractor of Vallejo, is registered at the Grand: E. F. Sweeney, president of the Rainier Brewing Company of Seattle, is at the Palace. ; F. M. Chittenden, an extensive fruit grower of Fresno, is among the arrivals at the Grand. . Congressman Flynn of Oklahoma, who bus been spending a few days in this city, left yesterday for the East. Charles L. Tutt, a mining man of; Colo- rado, who has been touring Southern Cali- fornia, is registered at the Palace. F. M. Buck, a fruit grower of Vacaville, is bere on.a short business trip.and has made his headquarters at the Lick. —_—e——————— Californians in New York. | NEW YORK, Aug. 5—The following Californians have arrived: San Francisco —W. Ellis and wife, A. Ward, at the Con- tinental; A. W. Gray, at the Ashland; W. at the Albert. Los Angeles—A. A. Eckstrom, at the Gil- sey; E. Moore at the Grand Union. @ it @ Zach Taylor 1,360,101, Lewis Cass 1,220,54; 1852, Franklin Pierce 1,601474, Winfield | Scott 1,380,576; 1856, James Buchanan 1,838,- 169, John C. Fremont 1,341,264; 1860, A. Lin- coln 1,866,352, Stephen A. Douglas 1,375,- 157; 1864, A. Lincoln 2,216,067, George B. McClellan 1,808,725; 1868, U. 8. Grant 3,015,- 071, Horatio Seymour 2,709,615; 1872, U. S. Grant, 3,597,070, Horace Greeley 2,834,079; | 1876, 8. J. Tilden 4,284,885, R. B, Hayes 4,033,950; 1880, J. A. Garfleld 4,449,033, W. S. Hancock 4,442,035; 1884, Grover Cleveland 4,911,017, James G. -Blaine 4,848,3%4; 1838, Grover Cieveland 5,538,233, Benjamin Har- rison 5,440,216; 1892, Grover ‘Cleveland 35,- 556,918, Benjamin Harrison 5,176,108; 1895, ‘Willam McKinley 7,104,779, W. J. Bryan 6,502,925; 1900, Willlam McKinley 7,208,224, W. J. Bryan 6358,789. Of those who re- ceived the highest popular vote Jackson, Van Buren, Polk, Pierce, Buchanan, TIl- den and Cleveland were Democrats, Har- rison and Taylor Whigs, and Lincoln, Grant, Garfleld and McKinley, Repub- licans. Those who received the highest popular vote, but did not have sufficient electoral votes to secure the office were: Jackson in 1824, Tilden in 1876 and Cleve- land in 1888~ NATURALIZATION—J. A. R., Crock- ett, Cal. The law requires that an alien shall have been a resident of the United | States five years continuously before he can become a citizen thereof; that he shall have made declaration at least two years before applying for final papers and that at that time he shall have resided in the State and Territory at least one year before such final application. If an alien came to California after having made declaration in the East to become a cit- izen of the United States and he found that there was none in the place where he was who could prove that he had re- sided continuously in the United States ifor five years the court might suggest some way by which the applicant might obtain satisfactory proof of such resi- dence. Such might be by affidavits of those who had known him in another State or States, the affidavit being before one empowered to administer oaths and possibly accompaniéd mm, ph.,mfl» court not e i on an att a way to obtain the requisite proof. | | | B. Peck, at the Mlnhntu.n_: H O.- Palen, |, INMENT FUND T | < $50; Morton Speclal Delivery, $25; Goodyear Rubber Co., §25: H. J. MecNicoll, $25; Itallan Swiss Colony, $25: W. B. Sumner Co., $25; W. J. Bryan, $20; Harrington Bros., $20; Bes ler, §10; John Rademaker, $10; Gassaway Wood, $10; Kahn Bros & Gritfin, 95; J. Smith, 5. K. Meusdorffer & Son, $5; F. A Muller & Co., $5; Selby & Bros., $5—$870. Total, $13,- 153, LJ " A CHANCE TO SMILE. Willy (over his natural history)—Papa, what species of animals in this country are becoming rapidly extinct? Papa—Buffaloes and naval heroes, son.—Puck. my — O “pay as you go™ is the very best way; Don't try to get credit or borrow, Because, don’t you see, if you pay down -to-day You will not have to pay up to-morrow. —Philadelphia Press. “T hear you want to sell your dog, Pat. They tell me he has a pedigree.” ‘‘Shure, an’ Oi niver noticed it, sor. Anyhow, he’'s nothin’ but a puppy yit, an’ Oi'm thinkin' as how he’ll be afther out- growin’ it, sor.”—Tit-Bits. “Don’t you know, Penelope, dear, there is no such thing as a headache? You haven’t any headache. It's merely a de- lusion.’™ . “I know it,'mamma, but it’s so strong upon me that I've just got to take some- ts::‘ng for the delusion.”—Washington r. “What a lquid voice your wife has!" {sald the guest as the hostess left - the rcom in respense to a call nursery. d“ur?::!;' exclaimed the host. “That esc t exactly.’ It flows at the rate of 300,00 gallons a minute.”—Chicago “Mtss Birdle,” stammered the young man, “I—I feel that I canino longer dis- guise the sentiments that I—you must Have noticed my preference for your so- ciéty—and—have I said too much, Miss Birdle?” “Not yet, Mr. Bashful,” replied Miss Flyppe, encouramnsly.—éhlmo ‘Tribune, ““Of course,” said the church trustee, ;we realize that you are a good preacher, ut—'" “But,” interrupted the minister who was unable to collect his salary, “I ap- Fear to be doomed to be good for noth- ing.”"—Philadelphia Press. from the % Fibroleum, a Substitute for Leather. It is reported from Coburg by Consul General Hughes that a Frenchman has invented a process by which refuse skins and hides are converted iato an artificial leather called “fibroleum.” He takes the ‘waste scraps from all sources and cuts them into very small pleces. These are put into a vat containing an Intensely al- kaline solution. After the mass has be- come pulpy it is taken out and passed through a specially constructed machine and then through a paper-making ma~ chine, from which it emerges as a paper- like substance. This is cut into large sheets, which are placed upon each other in piles of from 100 to 1000 and subjected to the action of a hydraulic press which removes all the moisture. The resulting article is sald to be stromg, pifable and readily moldable into all kinds of shapes and patterns, and to make the best kind of wall paper. Decorators who have used 1t speak of it In the highest terms. f Prunes stuffed with apricots. Townsend's.* ! Reduction, genuine eyeglasses, specs, llc to 40c. Note 81 4th, front barber, grocer. * Townsend’s Californla Glace fruit and und, in artistic fire-etched boxes. A nice present for Eastern friends. 639 Market st., Palace Hotel building. * f Cli fornia street. Telephone