The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, March 29, 1902, Page 6

The= Srduac Call. SATURDAY........c000ess.0.. MARCH 29, 1902 JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Adtress All Commenications to W, 5, LEAKE, Mazager. MANAGER’S OFFICE........Telephone Press 204 st o dih 303 L vy smicd Aty | PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, 8. F. Telephone Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS. Telep! Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. Single Coples, Cents. Terms by Mail, Including Postage: DAILY CALL (including Sunday), one year. DAILY CALL (Including Sunday), 6 months. DAILY CALL (including Sunday),"S months. DAILY CALL—By Single Month. SUNDAY CALL, One Year. WEEKLY CALL, One Year. All postmasters are authorized to receive subscriptions. Bample coples will be forwarded when requested. Masl subscribers in ordering change of address should be particular to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order o insure & prompt and correct compliance With their request. OAKLAND OFFICE .1118 Broadway .217 to 221 Stevensom St. e 202. C. GEORGE KROGNESS. Mazager Foreign Advertising, Marquette Building, Chicags. (Long Distance Telephone *Central 2619.") 3 NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT: C. C. CARLTON.... «+.Herald Square NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH. 30 Tribune Bullding CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: Sherman House; P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel: Fremont House; Auditorfum Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE....1408 G St.,, N. W. MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. NEW YORK NEWS STANDS: Waldor-Astoria Hotel; A. Brentano, 81 Union Square; Mugray Hill Hotel. VRANCH OFFICES—527 Montgomery, corner of Clay, open unttl 9 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open until 9:30 o'clock. = 632 | McAllister, open until 9:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin, open until | »:30 o'clock. 1941 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, corner Sixteenth, open until 9 o'clock. 1098 Va- lencie, open until § o'clock. 106 Eleventh, open until § Welock. NW. corner Twenty-second and Kentucky, open muntil ® o'clock. 2200 Fillmore, open until'9 p. m. AMUSEMENTS. Columbia—*"The Christian.’ Orpheum—Vaudeville. Grand Opera-hou: Fischer's Theater California—"“The Denver Express.” Tivoli—"The Serenade. Central—"The Man-o'-Warsman.” Alcazar—“On and Of.” Mechdhfes' Pavilion—Norris & Rowe's Big Shows. Shermen-Clay Hall—Song Recital, Tuesday night, April 1. Qakland Racetrack—Races to-day. S CECIL RHODES. Y the death of Cecil Rhodes a master spirit B departs from the earth. He aimed to be an empire builder, but it remains to be seen whether his aim is to be attained. Certainly it has not been attained by him. He dies leaving his work incomplete and in such confusion that it nfay never be completed. Of that he himself was well aware, and the reports of those who attended his sickbed tell us that during the long days of his illness he continually sorrowed over the fact that he left so much unaccomplished. “So little done, so much to do,” was an expression repeatedly upon his lips. Rhodes was of the type of men who love péwer more than anything else in the world. He sought money solely for the use he could make of it in politics and statecrait. He appears to have had no liking for luxury of any kind, ostentatious or artis- tic. His household was simple and his mode of life almost abstemious. He built up and carried on vast commercial enterprises, but his imperial plans and hopes were so much grander that he is never ranked in the public mind with the great financiers or in- dustrial magnates of the time, but with men like Clive and Hastings, whese thoughts and energies helped to build up the mighty fabric of the far-reaching em- pire of Great Britain. Judgment upon him will of course differ according to the degree of sympzathy or antagonism which the critic of his life has for his aim. A considerable number of his countrymen deemed him the greatest Englishman of his time. There are others who look upon him as hardly better than a stock gambler and a filibuster. Neither of those opinions is wholly erroneous. He certainly had larger schemes for the advancement of Britain and worked more resolutely to carry them out than any other Briton of his gen- cration. On the other hand, the methods he em- ployed to carry out his plans were distinctly those of an unscrupulous stock jobber and a reckless buc- cancer. The war in South Africa was precipitated not because Rhodes desired possession of the Trans- vaal gold mines, but because the two Boer republics stood in the way of his continemtal ambitions; but the fact remains that the tactics by which he pre- cipitated it were identically those which would have been resorted to had he no higher aim than that of 10bbing the Transvaal of its treasure. The blunders committed in the Jameson raid and the aggressions that led up to the war are now so ap- parent to the world that Rhodes dies a discredited leader, and will probably receive less than his due share of commendation. His larger plans were not essentially false, nor foolish. He contributed liber- erally to the fund raised to help Parnell make the fight for home rule in Ireland, and stated that he did so because the success of that fight would tend to bring about within the empire a system of local seli- government and impcrial federation which he be- lieved to be essential to the maintenance of the vast empire he hoped to see accomplished. Such ideas give evidence of the broadness of his mind, and at- test the fact that he did not aim at a vulgar domina- tion over unwilling peoples. Had he been possessed of patience he might have accomplished some such fed- cration in South Africa, but he knew that the incur- able disease that had been working in him from his youth was wearing him away, and he sought to force events to a swift conclusion. The result of his mad- ness is a tragedy that appalls civilization. The dream of a united South Africa as a part of the British empire, with a railway from the Cape to Cairo, seems to be hopelessly shattered, but it may be attained in the future under different auspices, and the descendants of both Boer and Briton may yet pay. reverential visits to the lonely tomb on the distant mountain where the body of the great dreamer lies’ and do homage to him as the father of the idea of 2 great South African federation. S ——— A loafer who received a punishment of thirty days’ imprisonment the other day for insulting three women on the street made an excase that he mistook his vigtims for friends. His plea should have justified an accusation of criminal libel against him. 4 T United - States especially protects the peaceable as- sembling and their right of petition. Only an occa- sional Funston rises to denounce our enjoyment of this constitutional guarantee. Last year the Russian students assembled to discuss the bearing of the col- lege curriculum upon the life of the people. They were set upon by Cossack soldiers, beaten with whips and put to the sword. Imprisonment and ban- ishment followed, and it was thought the aspirations of that intelligent class of Russians had-been finally suppressed. But when a desire for free thought and expression and for freedom of conscience has taken possession of a people it cannot be beaten out of them with the knout nor cut out of them witha scimeter. For a year the students have seemed cowed and non-resistant. The Government flattered itself that it had driven desire for the rights of man out of the universities and“out of the empire. During that year occurred Tolstoy's excommunication by, the Holy Synod, and his practical outlawry in czardom. The structure of autocracy was buttressed and strength- ened at zll peints, and the empire dreamed of vic- tory in the struggle for the world’s commercial pri- macy that is on between the Muscovite and the Anglo-Saxon. That dream, under the circumstances, is a peculiar delusion. Russia has a vast domain and a vast population. Her dynamic resources are of im- posing dimensions, -But when has such a conquest as she intends been made by a people to whom is de- nied the right of ownership of their own bodies, and in whom expression of thoughts that are the founda- tion of manhood is treated as a crime deserving of death? That is the Asiatic system. If Asia had permitted THE RUSSIAN STUDENTS, HE will of the Czar forbids assembling of the Russian people and sternly represses discussion | free thought and let her people be free men, there would to-day be no Europe. All the world would be Asia. ‘But Asia, from Nebuchadnezzar to Haroun, denied to man the rights that are the motive power of all-progress. Therefore she crystallized, and stood as still as the woman of Sodom who turned into salt. Man made Europe that he might have scope and verge for his,conscience and his individuality, and though his march to full enfranchisement was long and its miles were marked by sacrifice, he has per- sisted, and his horizon has widened as he ap- proached it. European Russia is still Asiatic. The spirit of Rurik spans the thousand years since he combined the Tartar tribes and the Mongoloid peoples and founded the empire. The German states have par- liamentary government. Austria has a Parliament. Italy. has a Parliament. Spain and Portugal have Parlliamems. France is a republic and England is a constitutional monarchy governed by the people through a Ministry that is only a committee of a Parliament. In all Euro;)e only Russia and Turkey are Asiatic still, with no popular feature in their ad- ministration and no recognition of the rights of man. Why, under the circumstances, should, Russia ex- pect to outrun and overrun the Angfo-Saxons in a race for the intellectual and commercial primacy of the world? The Holy Synod and the Council of the Czar do not see it, but the students who were beaten and run through and cowed or killed a year ago represent the only principle and course of action by which her dream of primacy can be realized. This year they rose again on the anniversary of the martyrdom of a girl who was crushed by the hard hoof of the em- pire because she aspired to be a human being. This time they had made progress. They no longer put up a negative protest, but an affirmative pro- gramme. They ceased to supplicate; they demanded. They. asked for freedom of conscience, the right to a voice in their own affairs, the privilege of fixing their own career and their own destiny. They demanded what the Scandinavians got through Gustavus Vasa, the Hungarians through the sacrifice of Kossuth, the English at Runnymede, and the Americans at York- town. They demanded the habeas corpus, judicial definition of the rights of person and property and the education of the people in the support of these enlarged liberties. They numbered unarmed hun- dreds. The Cossacks were again turned loose upon them. They were beaten with whips like d'ogs. Asia again answered Europe with the knout and sword, with the dungeon and banishment, The best blood of a country is in its universities and institu- tions of learning. So it is in Russia, and that em- pire with her. own sword is opening her veins and arteries and letting the red tide of her best life spill in the mire of her streets. It is a pitiful spectacle, this suicide of a nation. It is startling in these nlightened days to see the bar- barism of a thousand years ago smiting the mouth that utters the genius of this better age. On one side a mass of ignorance, worshiping the white Czar; on the other the inspiration of Rurik, whip and sword in hand; and, between this upper and nether mill- stone, the best thought and highest aspiration, the mental illumination and normally the future hope of the empire, with its brain and bone and marrow ground to pulp. Brute force and brute indifference may long maintain autocracy, but the rest of the world will wonder at the longevity of a nation that knocks out its own brains. . A UNANIMOUS EUROPE. U United States and all have the kindest re- gard for the interests of China, Not a single diplo- mat or demagogue in all Europe disputes the validity of the Monroe doctrine in this hemisphere, or the advisability of maintaining the open dcor and an un- divided China in the other hemisphere. So complete is the concord on the subject that the Governments of the mnations have no other rivalry just now than that of seeing which can be most profusg and most convincing in assurances of friendship t6 Uncle Sam and to John Chinaman. This harmony of Europe with respect to us is not so important by any means as the harmony with re- spect to' China. Hence there has been a great dif- ference in the method of manifesting it. When the isstte arose among the diplomats at Washington as to which had been our best friend during the Span- ish war, the various Goverhments contented them- selves with making semi-official statements and dis- closures of notes and comments passing among them on the subject; but in dealing with the Chinese problem they have been much more solemn, elabor- PON two subjects at least the nations of Tt~ ate and emphatic. They have formed among them- - selyes treaties having no other object than that of preserving China. Britain has allied herself with Japan, Russia has allied herself with France, Ger- many has long. been in alliance with Austria and dtaly, and all these alliances are but so many formal of the autocracy. The - constitution- of- the- rope are unanimous—all are friendly to the | THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SATURDAY, MARCH 29, 1902. |{COMING DIVORCE CASE - STIRS LONDON declarations of love for one another and of high re- solve. to treat China fairly and keep her undivided. The British and. Japanese alliance was the first of these formal manifestations of good will to be made | public. Russia immediately hastened to announce that she received the news with gladness and was pleased to find the allies united in support of the very policy that Russia had most at heart. Shortly after- ward came the announcement that Russia and France had formed-an alliance, not to oppose Britain and Japan, but to assist them in maintaining the good cause, N 3 To this mutual good will among the nations and common desire to promote the welfare of China thére is but one parallel in recent history, and that is the notable incident where the mutual good will of the United States, Great Britain and Germany for one another and their common regard for the welfare of the Samoans led the tkree nations to organize a joint government of those islands. It will be remembered that"the joint government did not last long nor con- |sribute much to the hopes of, those who are look- ing for the coming of a political millennium. Least of all did it secure the territorial integrity of Samoa. On the contrary7it led to quarrels, and finally to the treatment of the islands as if they were spoils of war instead of the pledges of friendship. So in the end the Samoans were pronounced to be a conquered peo- ple, their islands were divided and the joint govern- ment dissolved. China is a bigger country than Samoa, but not much more capable of defense against the strong and warlike friends who are now girding her round about with armies and navies and talking loudly of | their agreement that she shall not be despoiled. All the same, it will be well for the statesmen of China tq study the recent history of Samoa with a good deal of attention to its slightest details. An esthetic reformer who objects to the dirty con- { dition of most of the paper money in circulation in the East suggests the advisability of making use of aluminum sheets for such purposes, and he furnishes so many good reasons why the scheme should be adopted that it is safe to say no Government official will give it the slightest consideration. ——— DEMOCRATIC HOPES. EMOCRATIC statesmen and Democratic D organs have met the merry springtime by bursting into songs of victory to. come. { Very nearly every politician of note in the party has warbled forth something of a nature to cheer the de- spondent and rouse them to a sufficient degree of hopefulness to put up coin for -the- Congressional campaign. Each and all of the voices join ini the chorus that calls for harmony and live issues, but there is some little divergence as to what are live issues and how harmony is to be attained. The crucial question, then, that confronts the Democrats is that of agreeing upon a platform. They seem to be quite confident they can win if they can only agree upon what to fight for. Representative Pugsley of New York recently put the issue in this way: “I believe the outlook for Democratic success in the fall elections is decidedly encouraging. The real question in my mind, when I wundertake to weigh the chances of wresting the House from the Republicans, is simply this: Will the Democratic party go into the campaign with live issues and pro- pose to deal with the great public questions of to-day in a manner that will appeal to the’justice, patriotism and common sense of the American people? Does the Democratic party desire to reinstate itself in the confidence of the people, and is it willing to pledge itself to sound policies?” Live issues and sound policies are desired of every party, and it is only once in a generation that a po- litical organization gets so completely knocked out in a contest before the people that it remains vir- tually stagnant for six years, lying dazed and half dead, as it were, while the world goes on to new things. That fate Democracy suffered under Bryan, but it cannot remain Bryanized forever, and conse- quently we may reasonably expect it to have eyes to see live issues this year. It is not clear, however, that the mere restoration to a sense of living things is going to be sufficient to enable it to win. To carry a majority of the House of Representatives the Democrats will need not merely 'live issues and sound policies, but policies so much sounder than those of the Republican party that the people will consent to elect a Congress adverse to the admin- istration. Upon every living issue of the day the Republican party has the strongest position it is possible for a political party to take. It stands for sound money, Chinese restriction, protection to American indus- try, the promotion of American commerce, the prompt construction of an isthmian canal, banking and currency reform on sound principles and the proper administration of the affairs of our colonial possessions. So long as the party stands firmly for these policies its hold upon the masses of the Ameri- can people cannot be shaken.” Democracy, then, has no hope except in some blunder on the part of the Republican leaders. Nothing but folly at Wash- ington can afford any reasonable hope to the Demo- cratic leaders of carrying the country this fall. As a ruje the Republican party commits few blun- ders; but it is not to be denied there is danger now. The fight for reciprocity treaties constitutes a menace to the strong position the party has hitherto occupied on the tariff question. The possibility of delay in enacting the shipping bill and the Nicaragua canal bill is also something of a cloud on the imme- diate prospects of the party. The situation, there- fore, is by no means secure, and it is certainly worth while for Republican leaders to take heed of what they do or leave undone. While the chief hope of the Democrats is thus based upon the possibility of Republican blunders, the main dread is in Bryan. Were the Republicans to make,forty blunders, and the Democrats to adopt live issues and sound policies, and then Bryan were to whirl in and call upon the silver men to bolt, what would become of the sound policy men? An observant visitor to Porto Rico has returned to his home in Boston and says we have improved the island commercially, but are filling the people full of American vices, and he predicts the colony will event- | ually be a disgrace to the United States. It is hardly necessary to say the observer is not a merchant and has no goods to sell. Under the reform administration of Mayor Low the city is asked to appropriate $5,464,611 60 for street cleaning, and some of the more economical reform- ers are urging the Mayor to throw off the 6o cents. Grover Cleveland is now 66 years old, but judging from the interest he is taking in the reorganization | of the Democratic party he seems to deem himself 1 still in the ring and able to fight Bryan to a finish. NEWS COMES FROM LONDON THAT THE BEAUTIFUL MARCHION- ESS OF DOWNSHIRE, WHOSE PORTRAIT IS PRESENTED ABOVE, . I8 TO BE MADE THE DEFENDANT IN DIVORCE SUIT. A affair will create no little sensation in England. The present Marquis of Downsfire dating from 1789, while the family traces went to Ireland with the Earl of Essex when Queen Elizabeth sent her favorite to suppress the O'Nell rebellion, in 1573. Fairford and Earl of Hillsborough. who was one of the leaders of the British administration which had to bear the unpopularity of the American Revolution~ ary war, having been appointed Colonjal Secretary in 1779. Lady Downshire was for several seasons one of the reigning beauties of Lon- don society. 8he was a daughter of the the Earl of Listowel. She married the two sons and one daughter. been born in 1871. He has seen service cover about 120,000 acres. the divorce proceedings. o e e a a R ke a e et ] ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS, | SAILING DISTANCE—A. 8., Oakland, Cal. The sailing distance from San Fran- cisco to Panama is 3473 miles by the route usually taken by steamers. NO REGISTRATION—Votet, City. Vot- ers are not required to register in Arkan- sas, Indlana, New Hampshire, Pennsylva- nia, Vermont and West Virginla. HAPPY CAMP—Subscriber, City. “Hap- py Camp,” in Siskiyou County, California is reached by rail td Montague 200 miles, and then by stage from there thirty-five miles. NUMISMATIC—Old Subscriber, City. The American Numismatic and Archaeo- logical Soclety had headquarters in the city of New York at 17 West Forty-third | street. B. L. Belden is the recording sec- retary. LOTTERY—W. O., City. This depart- ment has no personal knowledge that the lottery alluded to in the letter of Inquiry is drawn, It Is asserted that it is drawn in regular form monthly at Puerto Cortes, Hon1uras. GAME LAWS—Subscriber, City. That portion of the game laws of California prohibiting the shooting of game at night has not been declared unconstitutional; on the contrary, it has been upheld in the Btate Supreme Court and in the Federal court. PAPER CURRENCY—Subscriber, Oak- land, Cal. The amount of United States paper currency of each denomination out- standing was as follows at the end of the fiscal year 1901: United States notes, $346,681,016; treasury notes of 1900, $47,783, 000; natlonal bank notes, $353,742,187; gold certificates, $288,067,680; silver certificates, $435,014,000. SPARK JUMP-—M. 8. H., City. Electric or jump sparks are caused to passthrough a Jet of escaping gas for lighting pur- poses. These sparks are obtained from a spark coll, 1. e, a coll of insulated wire connected In series with the circult so as to produce an extra current on the sud- den breaking of the circuit, the discharge of which produces a spark capable of ig- niting the gas. ETIQUETTE OF THE TABLE—A. A. 8., City. At a dinner party If there are no ‘walters the host should serve those near- est to him and the party receiving will pass it down to the furthest away on that side of the table. The hostess and host at such a dinner are generally served last. ‘Where there are waliters the service com- mences with the guests of honor and then in rotation down to the foot of the table. SPANISH WAR SOCIETIES—Ex-sol- dler, City: Since the recent Spanish- American war the following societies have been organized in the United States: Naval and Military Order of the Spanis! American War; Soclety of the Army of Santiago de Cuba; Military and Naval So- clety of the Porto Rican Expedition; Rough Riders’ Association; Distinguished Service Order of the United States of Amerca; Naval Order of St. Louis and the National Association of Spanish- American War Veterans. STOCK—W. M., Santa Rosa, Cal. The capital stock of a corporation is, includ- ing all unpald subscriptions thereto, a trust fund for the benefit of creditors of the corporation. The shares of/stock of a corporation are usually evinced by certifi- cates under the seal of the corporation and the signature of its officers. There is ordinary stock, full paid up, non-assess- able and preferred stock. The latter is so called because it takes dividend before all other stock, and for that reason is more valuable. ] DVICES from London state that there is no longer any chance of a happy termination of the matgimonial differences between the Marquis and Marchioness of Downshire, although every effort has been made to bring about .an amicable arrangement. the parties coricerned are considered, it may well be imagined that the Lord Downshire is only 31 years of age, having The Marquis is a nephew of Lord Arthur Hill, who was controller of Queen Victoria's household for a long period of years. London advices intimate that the husband is the aggrieved party and will start LANDLORD AND TENANT-H., City. A month to month tenanacy may be ter- minated at the will of either party. The landlord should, however, give the tenant a reasonable notice by either telling him that he wishes the premises at the end _of the time for which it was rented or by SOCIETY ‘When the rank and position of London society, and indeed throughout is the sixth-of the title, the creation ita descent back to Sir Moyses Hill, who The first Marquis was the Viscount Hon. Hugh Hare, younger brother of Marquis of Downshire in 1583 and has in South Africa. The family estates The increasing the rent to at least twice the! amount, giving at least thirty days' no-| tice. If the party refuses to surrender | the premises, then the remedy is an action at law for restitution of premises. PUNCTUATION—G. F. E., City. Punc- tuation remained very uncertain until the | end of the fifteenth century, when Aldus | Manutius, the elder of three generations | of printers, invented the present sytem of punctuation and it was generally adopted. | There had been some attempt at punctua- | tion before that. The perfod () is the | most ancient; the colon (:) was introduced | in 1485; the comma (,) was first seen in | 1521, and the semi-colon (;) about 1570. MILES STANDISH—A. A. E, City. Miles Standish, the first commissioned military officer in New England, was born in Lancashire, 1584. He claimed to be the legitimate heir to a large estate from the old Standish family of Duxbury Hall, Lancashire, England., one of whose members was John Standyche, a squire | of King Richard II, who fought at Algin- court. In the controversy between the Catholics and the Protestants there ap- pears to have been a division in this fam- ily, one part adhering to the ancient faith and the other accepting the Protestant dogma. The Catholic branch was of Stan- dish Hall and the Protestant of Duxbury Hall. In religious matters Standish never belonged to the Pllgrim communion. RULERS OF NATIONS—F, A, Oak- land, Cal. The following is a list of the rulers of nations and countries on the 1st of last January. Abyssinia (or Ethiopia), Menellk of Shoa, a. . G., Emperor; Afghanistan, Habibulla Kahn, Amir; Argentine Republic, John 'A. Roca, President; Austria, Francis Joseph, Em- peror; Baluchise®fi, Mir Mahmud, G. C. 1. E., Khan of Kh Belgium, Leopold II, King of the Belgians; Bolivia, Jose Manuel Pando, President; Brazil (United States of), M. F. de Campos Salles, President; Bulgaria, Ferdinand, Prince; Chile, Jerman Riesco, Presiden China, Kuang Hsu, Emperor; Colombia, J. M. Marroquin, President; Congo Free State, King of the Belglans, - Sovereign; Crete, Prince George _of Greece, High Commissioner; Costa Rica, Rafael Iglesias, President; Denmark, Christian IX, King; Dominican Republic, Gen- eral Jiminez, President; Ecuador, Leonidas Plaza, President; Egypt, Abbas II, Khedive France, Emil Loubet, President; Germany, William II, Emperor; Prussia, Willlam II, King; Bavaria, Otto, King (Prince Luitpol Regent); Saxony, Albert, King: Wurtemberg, ‘Willlam IT, King Baden, Frederick, Grand Duke; Hesse, Ernst Louls V, Grand D An- | halt, Frederick, Duké; Brunswick, Prince Al- brecht, Regent; Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Fred- crick Francs, Grand Duke; Mecklenburg- Strelitz, Frederick Willlam, Grand Duke: Ol- denburg, Frederick Augustus, Grand Duk Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Charles Edward, Duke (Duke of Albany); Waldeck-Pyrmont, Frederick, Prince; Great Britain and Ireiand, Edward VII, King; Greece, George, King of the Hellenes; Guatemala, Manuel Estrada Ca- brera, President; Hawail, Sanford B, Dole, President; Hondura: rencio Slerra, Presi- dent; Hungary, Francis Joseph, King: India, Edward VII, Emperor; Italy, Victor Emmanuel III, King; Japan, Mutsuhito, Emperor (or Mi- kado); Korea, Li Hsi, Emperor; Liberla, G, W. Gibson, President; Luxemburg, Adolphus, Grand Duke; Mexico, Porfirio Diaz, President (fourth time); Monaco, Albert, Prince: Monte- negro, Nicholas (Nikita). Prince: Morocco, Muley Abdul Azziz, Sultan: Nepal, Prithiyt Beer Bikram Shum Shere Jung Bahadur, Ma- haraja; Netherlands, Wilhelmina Queen; Nicaragua, Jose Santos Zelaya, Presi. dent; Paraguay, Emelio Aceval, President; Per. sia, Mozaffer-ed-Din, Shah; Peru, Signor Ro. mana, President; Portugal, Carlos, King: Rou. mana, Charles, King; Russia, Nicholas 11, Emperor; Salvador, Tomaso Regalado, Presi. dent; Sarawak, Sir Charles Johnson Brooke, G. C. M. G., Rajah; Servia, Alexander (O] viteh), King; Slam, Khoulalongkorn, King; Spin, Alfonso XIII (a minor), King; Sweden and Norway. Oscar II. King: Switzerland, &. Benner, Preaident; Tripoli, Hashem Bey, Goy. ernor General; Tunis, Haflz Mehet Pasha, Bey; Turkey, Abdul Hamid I Sultan; United States (America), Theodore Roosevelt, Presi- dent; Uruguay, Juan L, Acting Presi- dent (until March 1, 1898); Venezuela, Cypri- ano President; Zanzibar, Mahomet, Suitan, . GOSSIP FROM LONDON WORLD OF LETTERS The article which Justin McCarthy hae written on the coming novelist recalls the fact that there are fashions in novels just as in everything else. A few years ago, it will be remembered, the problem novel Reld the fleld. Most of these were written by women. Tha fame of Robert Louis Stevenson then brought the adventure story into fashion. Now I find a great many books dealing with the tragedy and comedy of the Lon- don poor have been having enormous sales. is was the example set by George Gissing. which has been very suc- cessfully followed by Arthur Morrison, Richard Whiteing and Pett Ridge. At any rate, their -books have been having surprisingly big sales. It is perhaps curious that while the modern English drama is concerned mostly with the aristocracy, such virile novelists as Thomas Hardy, Gissing, Bar- rie and the others already mentioned find material for their stories in life’s very lowly, undistinguished persons. An edition of George Eliol famous novel, “The Mill on the Floss,” prepared in view of the expiry of the copyright, has been very unfortunate. The copy- right in the story does not actually lapse till about the middle of April, so the edi tion has been premature, and necessarily the firm which published George Eliot's books for hér asserted their rights, with the result that the edition disappears. Dr. Squire Sprigge is publishing a novel called “An ‘Industrious Chevalier,” whica zpparently is a translation of the Fremeh phrase “Un Chevalier d'Industrie.” The hero of the story is said to be a clever rascal. Dr. Sprigge, who is on the staff of the Lancet, was a close friend of Sir Walter Besant, whose autobiography he is editing. He is a prominent member of the Authors’ Soclety. Some years ago Mrs. Harcourt Wil- liamson edited and arranged a “Book of Beauty,”” so reviving an old literary fash- fon. The second portrait, on the same lines, s now to be published. The volume will contain portraits of beautiful women of to-day who figure prominently in so- clety. In most cases they will be repro- ductions of drawings by leading portrait painters. The volume will also have arti- cles on soclety personalities and topics concerning the year of the coronation. Meakin, whose interesting book on the Moors is just published, was for some years editor of the Times of Morocco, which was founded by his father in 1884. He made many journeys into the interior disguised in native dress and using a Moorish name. In this way he acquired an exhaustive knowledge of the manners and customs of the country. “I wonder,” sald a well-known Ameri- can, who, when in England last sum= mer, visited Sfratford-on-Avon, “yow don’'t have a magazine devoted Shakespeare and Shakespeare subject: He was but anticipating the event, as there is to appear from Stratford-on-Avon a new quarterly called The Shrine. It will be devoted mainly to subjects con- nected with Shakespeare and his birth- place. Elliot Stock will publish it in Lon- don. The first number will be ready on Shakespeare’s birthday, next month. A book on famous book collectors . is to be published soon by Messrs. Kegan Paul. The writer of it, Willlam Younger Fletcher, knows his subject well and loves it; and has gathered in formation from many books throughout which it has been scattered. He has also gone to new sources. He gives short histories, often accompanied by portraits of book collec- tors like Lord Ashburnham, Sir Hans Sloane and Sir Kenelm Digby. Another figure of the gallery is Pepys, while Cran- mer, and Laud both have places In it Careful accounts are given of historie col- lections as well as collectors. ¢ The Rev. Edgar Sheppard’'s book) om the history of St. James Palace is 1 known. He has now finished a very sim- ilar work upon the old palace of White- hall. Only the banqueting house of the palace remains, so its story may be said to have come to an end. Dr. Sheppard says: “It 1s a curious fact that the story, so far as I am aware, has never been written in full and con- tinuous detail. It has been my aim to supply such a narrative, and to give as far as possible a complete record of this old palace.” His materials for this pur- pose have been gathered from wide and varfed sources, including officlal docu~ ments and records to which he has had access. Countess Darnley is one of the authors of a novel which Messrs. Constable are to publish ynder the title of “Elma Tre- vor.” She has written it in collaboration with Randolph Hodson, ‘who is already known in the fleld of authorship. Lady Darnley belongs to Australia, where she and her husband, then the Hon. Ivo Bligh, so well known as a cricketer, first met. ‘W. W. Jacobs this year is publishing two bool “At Sunwich Port,” during the spring, and a volume of short stories in the autumn. Mr. Jacobs is a slight and falr man, and looks considerably. less than his thirty- elght years. As in the case of many oti- ers, it was some time before his talent ‘was recognized by editors. The first of the “Many Cargoes series of storfes was refused by thirteen editors before finaily appearing In To-Day. Then, under the editorship of Mr. Jerome, who wrote asig- ing for more, Mr. Jacovs started the hu- morous exploitation of the Lower Thames. One of the storfes in “Many Cargoes” was sent to the late James Payn, then editor of the Cornhill, and was refused by him. A year or two afterward Mr. Ryan recom- mended the completed voiume for the Academy’s prize for the best books of the year. His unique knowledge of the Lower Thames was acquired by him with a small coaster which he possesses and when he was living at Wapping, where his father had a wharf. Two of his short storles have been dramatized. He has ideas of writing an original play. Henry James, who was {ll, is now bet ter. He has finished proofs of a novel that will appear soon. An interesting specimen of bookbinding was sold at Christie’s auction rooms re- cently. The volume is a seventeenth cen- tury manuscript containing a number of transeripts and pieces in verse and prose by and relating to Lady Arabella Stuart, The binding consists of very fine sheet vellum, most beautifully -cut with pen- knife in a pattern resembling fine point lace, and laid over pink satin, varied with blue. In two corners of each cover the initfals “Y. Y.” interlaced, occur. There are traces on one side of the royal arms of France and England quartered, having at one time been illuminated on a satin formed center. The design of the garter and the crown and the motto “Semper Eadem” are cut out in vellum. The other side contains a device of a bird rising from the ground with the metto, “Je Fuy la Terre, et Cherch le Ciel.” Ex. strong hoarhound candy. Townsend's.® ————— Cal. glace fruit 60c per Ib at Townsend's.* —_———— Special information supplied daily business houses and pu&zfif men by Press reau len’'s), o oS delephone Matn D ittt oS- Berlin's black book, the eriminal rec- ord kept by the police, now consists of thirty-seven . volumes, containing 21,00 photographs of criminals of all ciasses. ———— to the Cajt- Townsend’s California glace fruit, S0e a und, in fire-etched boxes or Jap. bas- S. A nice present for Eastern friends. 639 Market st.. Palace Hotel bullding. * ————— The worst mosquito-infested neighbor- hood in the world is the coast of Borneo. The streams of that region are, at cer- tain season. unnavigable because of the clouds of mosquitoes,