The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, September 3, 1901, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1901. TUESDAY JOHN D, SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Adéress All Communiestions to W. 8. LEAKE, Manager. MANAGER’S OFFICE. .Telephone Press 204 PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, S. F. Telephone Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS, . 217 to 221 Stevenson St. Telephone Press 202, Delivered by Carriers. 15 Cents Per Weelk. ngle Copies. 5 Centx. Terms by Mail, Including Postage: DAILY CALL (ncluding Sundey), one year DAILY CALL (including Sunday), 6 mont! DAILY CALL (including Sunda: 3 mont! DAILY CALL—By Single Month SUNDAY CALL One Year. WEEKLY CALL One Yea Eample coples will be forwarded when requested. Mail subscribers in ordering change of address should be particular to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order %o ineure a prompt and corrsct compliance with their request. OAKLAND OFFICE...... ....1118 Broadway C. GEORGE KROGNESS. Yezager Fereign Advertising, Marguetts Building. Chiss3> (Long Distance Telephone *Central 261 NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT: C. €. CARLTON..... ....Herald Square NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH. . 30 Tribune Building BRANCH OFFICES—:27 Montgomery, corner of Clay. open until 9:30 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open untfl 9:30 o'clock. 633 McAllister, open until 9:30 o'clock. #:30 o'clock. 1841 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, ccrner Sixteenth, open until § o'clock. 109 Valencia, op untfl 8 c'clock. 106 Eleventh, open untfl 9 o'clock. NW. rorner Twenty-second and Kentucky, open until 9 o'clock. 2200 Fillmore, oper until 9. a. m. —— e AMUSEMENTS. California—"An Ideal Husband.” Orpheum—Vaudeville. - mbie—"A Royal Family.” Central—*A Yoice From the Wilderness." Alcazar—"1 ar nd Opera-house—*'Rosedale.” AUCTION SALES. s—This day, at 11 a. m., Horses, at 1140 Folsom street, 10 SUBSCRIBERS LEAYING TOWN FOR THE SUMMER. Cal! subscribers contemplating a change of residence during the summer months can have their paper forwarded by mail to their sddresses by notifying The Call Business Office. This paper will also be on sale at all summer resorts and is represented by a local agemt im il tows the co: F nounced the alleged policy of the Conservatives to reduce the number of Irish representatives in Parliament it seems cvident that the long-discussed question of redistributing Parliamentary seats is about to assume the importance of an issue of prac- tical politics. It may even be undertaken by the Government at the next session, for were it not hold- ing at this time a commanding place in the political field it is hardly likely the Irish leader would have devoted his speech tc it or been so earnest in de- nouncing it The subject has been under consideration for a long time. Anything more unequal than the present ap- portionment of representatives among the people of the United Kingdom it would be hard to find in any land or in any age. For example, the city of Lon- don, with 26897 inhabitants, has two representatives, while the Rumford division of Essex, with a popula- tion of more than 217,000, has but one representative. There are several boroughs whose members represent fewer than 17,000 persons, while there are others hav- ing upward of 150,000 inhabitants for every repre- sentative. The explanation of the disparity is that the British Parliamentary system was devised to represent inter- ests and not population. Thus, many of the old bor- oughs were given a representative no matter what the population. When first arranged under the reform bill the system proved satisfactory enough, but since that time some cities have grown enormously, while others have not grown at all, and as a consequence there has arisen a demand for a change, the demand coming, of course, from the growing and more vig- orous cities. The interest of Ireland in the subject lies in the fact that her population has not grown like that of the rest of the kingdom and her people are now en- joying the benefit of 2 much larger representation in proportion to population than those of England. A comparison made from the returns of the recent cen- sus shows that England has in round numbers 31,000, ©oo inhabitants, Ireland 4,500,000, Scotland 4,500,000 and Wales 1,500,000. Were the Parliamentary seats dis- tributed in proportion to population, England would have 500 members, whereas she has now but 465; while Ireland, which has now 103 members, would then have but 73; Wales, which now has 30, would then htve 24, and Scotland would have 73 instead of 72 as at present. Redmond's claim is that Irish representation can- not be diminished without her consent, inasmuch as it was fixed by the act of union, and the claim seems to be valid. According to an authority on the sub- ject, the act provides that 100 Irish members should sit in the British House of Commons. That number has been exceeded by three, but it is argued that it fixes the minimum and the number cannot be de- creased. It is not clear, however. by what power Ireland could enforce her claim under the treaty should Par- liament determine to override it. The British Goy- ernment has no written constitution nor any court with authority to set 2side an act of the Imperial Par- liament. Mr. Redmond, however, seems to have no fears as to the outcome, for he is reported as declar- ing that any suggestion of a reduction in the number of Irish representatives is absurd. The issue in one form or another is certain to come up before long, for the English constituencies now unduly repre- sented are demanding additional members, and when it comes it will bring up a new phase of the relations between England and Ireland that will be almost sure to add greatly to the existing discontent. Wagons, ete., IRELAND IN PARLIAMENT. ROM the vigor with which John Redmond de- From the amount of British money reported to be in sight to bet on Linton’s boat, it would appear that John Blll thinks he has a sure thing, but once more we may show him there is many a slip between the cup and the Lipton. Z SEPTEMBER 3, 1901 | 615 Larkin, open until | LABOR DAY. HE special holiday for labor, observed and cele- Tbrated all over the Union, was observed credit- ably in San Francisco. One was impressed by the plain separation of the strikers and non-strikers. " A majority of the parading unions are at peace with their employment and omitted any evidence of malice or disordered temper. The observer was impressed by the ‘general evidence of thriit and comfort shown by the thousands that marched. The display of well- dressed, well-fed and good-humored workingmen was a credit to our institutions and to the Government { which protects all men impartially in their rights of | person and property. It was plain that a vast ma- ‘juril;' of the men who marched understood their re- lation as a part of the whole community, and failed to feel any class ostracism or any special class burdens {or privileges. This is as it should be. Labor is not an Ishmael cast out from the tent of its birth to | scorch its feet in the hot sands. Tt is a part of the | tribe, with a birthright in the communjty and inter- | ests inseparable from those common to ail. i’ Those who. lead or teach it otherwise are not its { friends and are actuated by ulterior motives that have in them no good for the workers. Our institutions | are intended to uphold the rights and the dignity of ;’labon and American experience fortifie? the conclu- sion that it is best for society that as many men as | possible shall begin their career with the capacity to | suppért themselves by the labor of their hands. Any ! restriction upon this right is a wrong to society, | whether it comes from the leadership of labor or the | partial administration of the law. It pleases a part {of the labor of the country to associate itself in | unions. And it pleases a much larger part of the | labor of the country to non-associate. One has no | right superior to that enjoyed by the other. No man | willing to work can be prevented doing so, except by | unlawful attacks upon his person. Such attacks, { while aimed at him to deprive him of his birthright | to work, are really aimed at the law which protects | that birthright, and the blow that strikes the law is | aimed at the Government itself. In this country under the impartial administration | of the law there has zlways been and is now the best | and broadest opporturity for man that has ever been | in the world. For that reason enterprise accumulates ! wealth and labor accumulates comfort. In every city |in the United States the marching thousands of la- lboring men presented to the world a spectacle never | before nor elsewhere rossible. It was an exhibit of | the beneficence of American institutions and their power to produce the largest number of well-paid, {well-fed and well-housed workers ever seen on the | planet. These facts admonish the working population to i turn a deaf ear to the agitators and enthusiasts who w | tcll them that our Government and society are wrong | and that they are slaves with a grievance against both hat can be avenged only by violence and bloodshed. From the loins of the men who marched in Ameri- can cities yesterday will spring the rich men, the mil- lionaires of the future. The great American fortunes | of to-day were begun, by boatmen, fur trappers, sail- | ors, blacksmiths and miners, who half a century ago were clad not as comfortably as the paraders of yes- | terday, nor paid one-half the wage. ! But if bad advice prevail and union labor insist | that it is antagonistic to the community of which it |is a part, and the attack on personal and property | rights shall not close, but continue until our instifu- | tions are overthrown, labor will find that its best op- portunity has vanished with the Government which | made it, and that having burned the bridge which { carried him over the laborer will long in vain for the benefits he has abandoned. the opportunity he has destroyed and the advantages.which law and order and impartial government put within his reach. — | The ultimatum which France has sent to Turkey | appears a very big thing when considered by itself, but it is only one of many dozens in the Sultan’s col- lection, and he doubtless received it with the remark, “You are not the only pebble on the beach.” DOCTORS AND LONGEVITY. HORTLY aiter the graduating season, when the S medical colleges of the country had sent forth a new brigade of young doctors, some statis- tician took alarm and began to figure out that there is a danger of having too many doctors among us. By way of proving his case he consulted the records and brought to light an array of statistics which when taken in themselves seem to justify his fears. According to his figures as given to the press there is now one doctor to every 600 people in the United States. The records further show that while the death rate among doctors does not exceed 1600 a year, there are graduated annually about 6000. Of course if such a disproportion between the doctors that die and the doctors that are graduated and li- censed to practice continue, there will soon be a time when we will have as many physicians as there are people. Itis argued that such a condition of af- fairs would be in the nature of a calamity. The reports of the Census Bureau concerning the | longevity of the population show, however, that from the increase of doctors there has come no harm. The duration of life of the average American has increased considerably in the last ten years. The average age at death in 1890 was 31.1 years, while in 1900 it was 35.2 years. In 1890 the death rate in 271 registration cities of 5000 or more population was 21 per thousand; in 1900 it was 188 per thousand in 341 cities of 8000 population and upward, a reduction of 2.4 per thousand. The gross population of the gities compreh:n@ed was 14,958,254 in 1890 and 21,- 660,631 in 1900. Taking the increase in the length of life as an evi- dence of a tendency caused by forces which will con- tinue to operate in the future, some calculators have presented glowing predictions of the coming of a time when hardly anybody will die. Thus one of them | says: “If we take the round figure of 2 per thousand reduction eve(y ten years as the basis of calculation, it is evident that the 18.6 death rate of 1900 will be wholly wiped out in ten decades. In that case the year 2000 will find the American people living forever, except for the comparatively few of them who die by violence or as a matter of personal preference.” Of -course many theories may be advanced to ex- plain the gratifying showing of the census. Some may attribute the lengthening duration of life to the excellent sanitary work done by public boards of health, and some may look upon it as an outcome of introducing sophisticated food to common use, but we believe the general sense of mankind will regard it as a natural result of the increasing number of doctors. At any rate, the two things are something more thag concomitant facts. We may doubt the efficacy of boards of health, we may doubt the virtue of adulterated food, but what sane man doubts his family doctor? of life as a gratifying fact, biit it is to be noted there are some who are by no means convinced that it is a good thing for the average man to live any great length of time. One of those philosophers puts these questions: “May we not be growing too, healthy for our own ultimate happiness? What are the doctors and the undertakers going to do when the death ‘rate touches zero and vanishes altogether? What is to become of the poor heirs waiting for a chance to live on other people’s money when tes- tators omit to die and wills never reach the Probate Court? Moreover, if the birth rate still holds up after the death rate has completely petered out, shall we not soon as overcrowded all over the country as we are now on the Brooklyn Bridge? Shades of Malthus! whither are we drifting?” ———— George Moore, the author of “Esther Waters,” is reported to have said recently that the French and the Russians are the only people who have ever pro- duced good novels. The British and the Americans, he says, write about classes instead of about human- ity. All of which shows that, however weak Mr. Moore may be as a novelist, he is better at that than at criticism. D South, made evident by the frequency of ap- palling cases of lynch law, the negro has none the less made a marked advance in his condition and is actually enjoying a high degree of prosperity. In the news of the day much space is given to the deeds of the criminal negro and of the barbarous mobs that avenge them, but comparatively little is ever told of what the industrious negro is doing and of the place he holds in the social organism of the South. By way of supplying information on that neglected point of the race question, Richard R. Wright, presi- dent of the Georgia State College for Negroes, has recent!y compiled statistics relating to a representa- tive section of Georgia showing what the negro has done and is doing in the way of work and -ac‘hieving by thrift even under the adverse circumstances that surround him. He takes for illustration what is known as the Wire Grass Region of Georgia. There are thirty-two counties in the district, and in 1800 it had a population of 144,839 whites and 166,710 ne- groes. In that year the negroes of the region owned 413,178 acres of land and Mr. Wright says: “All of them began to work for small wages or part of the crop. Now only about 30 per cent of them are crop- pers or wage-workers, 60 per cent of them are ten- ants working for themselves and 10 per cent own and work their own farms.” Then follows this statement: “The criminal popu- lation of this section is not large. According to the report of the principal keeper of the penitentiary, there are out of this negro population of more than 166,000 only 673 negro State prisoners.” He adds: “Some of the planters write me that when the colored laborer is properly treated and is not subjected to ex- tortion and undue hardships there is no more reliable labor to be found anywhere, considering its degree of intelligence.” The chief obstacle that confronts the negro of that section of Georgia in his progress is his ignorance of modern methods of farming. Mr. Wright says: “The colored man has had no teaching along the lines of agriculture and horticulture, the needs of plants and plant growth, how to use fertilizers, how to make and use common tools and how best to handle farm ma- chinery, nevertheless 2 comparative view of slave la- bor and free labor is decidedly in favor of the freed negro.” Little or nothing has been done to help the negro in mastering the problems of farming. He has worked out his salvation by sheer industry, honesty and thrift. Taking the negroes of the whole State of Georgia, Mr. Wright cites official statistics showing that from a landless and penniless class of ex-slaves in 1865 the negroes in Georgia by the year 1900 had become owners of upward of 500,000 acres of land and owned taxable property assessed at _$l4,u8,720. The im- provement has been advancing at an increasing rate ever since emancipation and is progressing now faster than ever. Mr. Wright's final plea is for instruction. He sug- gests that it would be well for the Department of Agriculture to establish experiment stations and train- THE NEGRO AT WORK. ESPITE the race animosities existing in the ing schools in the black belt and wire grass region to | educate the colored farmer as to the best means of working his farm. Certainly the statistics show that the negro has done much to help himself, and it is therefore well assured that he is the kind of person who will make best use of any help given him by others. A the British are finding something of genuine consolation in the returns of the recent cen- sus showing a notable decrease of pauperism in Eng- land and Wales. Between 1861 and 1871 the propor- tion of paupers to the whole population of those countries ranged as high as forty-eight per thousand, while there are now less than twenty-six per thou- sand. The official figures reveal the gratifying fact that despite the increase in the population as a whole there are now actually less paupers by one-fifth tha there were in the sixties. T The remarkable decrease is said to be due to some extent to the greater care exercised by the authorities to prevent impostors from passing themselves off as paupers and thus living on the community without work, and something is also to be attributed to an increase of private charity that saves many from applying to the public for relief, but after ample de- ductions are made for these there ' remains ample evi- dence in the diminished roll of paupers to prove that the working classes have become more thrifty than of old and more independent. With the rise in wages and the inducements to save offered by the savings banks and the numerous co-operative societies, the people as a rule have advanced in independence and in self-respect. It is no longer common among them to spend 21l their earnings and look to the poorhouse as a place of refuge in old age. ) Another factor that has been helpful in the upward movement is the spread of education and the ad- vancing irtelligence of the general mass of the popu- lation. Furthermore, the improvements made in the tenement districts of the great cities have had the effect of rendering the lives of the poor more health- ful and have diminished the craving for drink. Thus each improvement made has had the effect of aiding other improvements, and all have tended toward the uplifting of that unfortunate class of men and women who under old conditions in England had no hope of emerging from. poverty and distress, and who ac- cepted pauperism as an inevitable part of their life. In this respect, then, the census showing can be justly PAUPERISM IN ENGLAND, MID the many perplexities that confront them, 1+ We have spoken of the increase in the duration |noted by ghe British with a genuine gratification, SAN FRANCISCAN WRITES FROM HE Marchioness dl Gandolfi, for- merly Miss Silvia Rottanzi, of this city, and daughter of the late Dr. Antonfo Rottanzi, who left here two years ago for Cartagena, one of the principal towns of the United States of Colombia, to be married, is now in the center of the revolutionary district and has lately written a number of interest- ing letters to her relatives here describ- ing the conditions surrounding life in that hotbed of a Central American revo- lution. Her letters read in part as fol- lows: o“l hope that we are at the beginning of the end of this unhappy war. This morning, when I was at the cathedral, the whole battallon of the Government troops received holy communion, and- I assure you it was very impressive to hear at the elevation, all at -once, the bands, organ and church bells.. The cathedral is immense and holds more than 3000 people. At a short distance from our hotel is a caserona, or barracks, where the soldlers have their exercises every day and night.” Were you here, you would pity these poor boys, 13, 14, 15 years of age, who are compelled to go to war, only to commit murder. This morning they gave 500 cudgelings to a | poor soldier because he tried to evade duty. I am told that with the sound of trumpets and drums they tried to stifle his cries. “The former American Consul at Baran- quilla, the most important place because it is the port that communicates with Bo- gota by the river Maddalena, said that in the interior, in the State of Cauca, larger than France, and where my husband has his mines, and the richest country for cocoa, revolution is everywhere rampant. “It is now over sixteen months since a steamer has gone there from Cartagena. I am no longer afraid of a bombardment, although the greater portion of the popu- lation is very much alarmed. Day and night we are continually guarded by sol- dlers. For six months past we have had no electric lights, either in the houses or on the streets. ““We already pay so much-duty on flour, rice, sugar, lard, butter, potatoes, onions, etc., that we are already suffering for them, as we can only get these goods from the United States. Mainero Crucco is the Italian Consul here and one of the wealthiest bankers in Colombia. He is one of the few who has made money out of the revolution, as he issued several mil- lions of ‘white notes,’ or billets, at 6 per cent profit for the bankers. Mail Is Censored. “A steamer of the Atlas line reaches here once a week, and leaves the same afternoon. Since the revolution com- menced the mail is sent to the Govern- ment House for inspection. It is also in- spected before it is sent out. I have heard that young ladies have been greatly disturbed by finding the letters from their sweethearts brought open to them, while those addressed to poor foreigners are de- stroyed. « “On last week's steamer Mr. Murlo, sec- retary of General Uribe-Uribe, was a pas- senger, and the Government sent soldiers three times to capture him. The last squad numbered 200, but Captain Low refused to glve him up and wrapped the young man in the German flag. This was torn to pleces. The captain protested that the soldiers had no right to take Murio, as he had all his papers from Mr. Silva, the Colombian Minister at Washington, and a passport from the military commandant at Savanilla. But it was of no avail. The German Vice Consul let the soldiers take him, despite the protests of Captain Low. It is thought this action will cause the German Government to take a hand in PERSONAL MENTION. J. W. Dayton, a merchant of Bureka, is at the Grand. J. F. Mariner, a fruit grower of Lincoln, is at the Grand. A. L. Castle, a Honolulu capitalist, is a guest at_the Occidental. G. W. Hull, a mining man of Jerome, Ariz., is at the Occidental. A. C. 3. Van Dorsten, an oil speculator of Hanford, is at the Lick. Mrs. B. F. Dillingham of Honolulu is registered at the Occidental. H. Karger and Dr. Neber, two German scientists, are at the Palace. Bruce Cartwright, a capitalist of Hono- luly, is a guest at the Palace. D. J. McFall, a mining man of Nevada City, is a guest at the Grand. Mr. and Mrs. H. M. Jones of Honolulu are registered at the Occidental. F. D. Nicol, a leading_ attorney of Stockton, is staying at the Lick. 'W. F. George, an attorney of Sacramen- to, is at the Grand with his wife. Thomas Flint Jr. has come down from San Juan and is registered at the Palace. T. H. Selvage, a prominent attorney and politiclan of Eureka, is a guest at the Grand. Mr. and Mrs. F. W. Davenport have come down from Marysville and are stay- ing at the Lick. Dr. E. W. Biddle, a prominent medical man of Healdsburg, is among the recefit arrivals at the Lick. Among those who arrived yesterday on the China is E. P. Dole, a near relative of Governor Dole of Hawaii. Dr. G. D. Marvin, one of the resident physicians at the Agnews Insane Asy- lum, is a guest at the Grand. Mrs. L. L. Baker has come over from Ross Valley and has taken rooms at the Palace. She is accompanied by her fam- ily. J. A. Fontaine, the chief clerk at the Grand, has returned from a two weeks’ vacation in the Santa Cruz Mountains. Mr. Fontaine was accompanied by his wife while away. Pl R Californians in New York. NEW YORK, Sept. 2.—The following Californians are in New York: From San Francisco—J. Bermingham, V. G. Hush, the Misses Preston and Mrs. E. P. Pres- ton, at the Murray Hill; A. Besson and wife, at the Belvedere; Miss B. Burr, Mrs. J. Burr and B. J. Rybecke, at the Imperial; J. Cleary, at the Cosmopolitan; H. Doyle and A. J. Delamarek, at the Holland; G. E. Dorn, at the Bartholdi; C. P. Freeland, F. C. Windt, A. J. Tur- ner, Mrs. C. D. Whaley, at the Herald Square; T. Isaka, at the Union Square; . Goldman, at the Grand Union; Miss M. Grogian, at the Normandle; J. F. Hal- lett and 8. A. White, at the Navarre; E. ‘W. Hoff, at the Gerard; S. E. Snyder and wife, at the Gilsey; L. P. Spitz, at the Cadillac; D. Tennant, at the Park Ave- nue. From Los Angeles—J. D. McFar- lane and the Misses McFarlane, at the Imperial; C. E. Guyer, at the Broadway Central; G. F. Herr, at the Normandlie; ‘W. Jones and wife, at the Cadillac; H. J. Kramer and wife, at the Ashland; H. Wylie and wife, at the Murray Hill. From Oakland—E. Bartholomew, at the St. Denis. e Californians in Washington. WASHINGTON, Sept. 2.—At the Ebbitt —W. W. Stone, Mrs. Stone, Miss Stone, F. A. Tuttle; Willards—Mr. and Mrs. George Lippman, Dr. and Mrs. A. W. Kerple, J. Bille; Metropolitan—C. L. Gage, L. G. Gage; St. James—Fred D. Marsh and w:ile. M;[:‘ F. B. Whiteside, Mrs. W. Decondey, ss M. E. Macaul . B, Moore, W. Edwards: Arllnno:y—vcnmoBll Cook and wife, the Misses Cook, Dr. O. F. Westphall, Joseph P. Stevens; Raleigh —R. Weineke and wife, Mrs. L. Damkin, A. Neal, J. A. Marsh and wife, F. W. G. Webster, Thomas Morton, G. H. B i i G el Al jan 3 —] = ney, Los Angeles. 1 COLO lbla who at any time s o MBIA OF STIRRING TIMES MARCHIONESS DI GANDOLFI, FORMERLY MISS SILVIA ROTTANZI OF THIS CITY, WHO IS AT PRESENT LIVING IN CARTAGENA, ‘WHICH IS IN THE CENTER OF THE REVOLUTIONARY DISTRICT. Another case was that of an the matter. Itallan doctor, who took an interest in politics. He was invited to board a steamer under a military escort and was sent off to Naples. All the leading physi- cians of Cartagena have left, as they were revolutionists. “While the conflict is not raging as yet badly around Cartagena. bands of guer- rillas are all over Colombia, and invasion; from the adjoining countries are of fré- quent occurrence. These guerrillas are revolutionary sympathizers. Afraid of Uribe-Uribe. “We have heard, too, that lately the Government has given orders to the presi- dent of the Cartagena and Maddalena Railway Company, which also owns the line of steamers that run up the Madda- lena River to Bogota, to have them im- mediately armed with heavy guns for the use of the Government. General Uribe- Uribe is reported to be near here, and the Government is greatly alarmed. “Many political arrests are made every day. Nobody can go out at night and all night long we can hear the guards in the streets calling to each other. At our hotel is Colonel Arango, son of the late Governor Arango of Panama, with his wife and niece. His brother was the highest Colombian official in the Panama Canal Comrany, but was exiled on ac- count of his revolutionary tendencies. In fact, all of the younger and more intelli- gent class of men are revolutionists. We have but one newspaper here, controlled by the Government, but the Marquis di Gandolfi manages to know everything that is going on among the first. Want Revolutionists Shot. “A dispatch was received from Bogota last night saying that the people of Ven- ezuela, Ecuador and Nicaragua were in- vading Colombia, as the people of those states were in sympathy with the revolu- tionists. Some of the leading supporters of the Government are advising the Presi- dent to issue a decree ordering the shoot- ing of known revolutionists at sight. Mar- tial law will be proclaimed. “The only way Cartagena can be taken is by a bombardment. Before this will be done the inhabitants, who are mortally afraid of Uribe-Uribe, will be surrendere The most important point for the Gov- ernment to hold is Baranquilla, which controls the route of ‘communication up the Maddalena River from Bogota, ahd is the key of the whole district. That town captured, the Government would be in the hands of revolutionists and Carta- gena would soon fall. I am so anxious to have it end.” . - s e e e e e e @) ANSWERS TO QUERIES.; A CHANCE TO SMILE. STRASBURG CATHEDRAL—S., City The Strasburg Cathedral was begun in 1015 and was pronounced finished in 1439. ON THE PENSION ROLL—Mrs. F. M. S., Alameda, Cal. There are in round num- bers 296,000 survivors of the Civil War on the pension roll. MARU—W. K., Salinas, Cal. “Maru” is a Japanese title for commercial ships, always preceded by some other name. “America Maru” means the commercial ship America. ROSE BUSHES—J. J., City. The white worms that are destroying the rose plants in your garden are the result of a bad quality of manure. For a remedy you should consult a professional gardener. NEAR AND OFF-C. H. and G. L., City. Near or nigh as applied to horses or cattle driven in pairs signifies left and right, the near or nigh horse is the left hand horse and the off horse is the rignt hand one. SOLVENT DEBTS—K. T.. City. The law of California says that solvent debts or credits are taxable and defines ‘“‘cred- its” as “those solvent debts not secured by mortgage or trust deed owing to the person, firm, corporation or association assessed.” BISMARCK—A. S. H., Oakland, Cal “Bismarck’s Autobiography” in the Eng- lish language was printed by the Harpers and may be had from any bookseller. To ascertain if the English edition is in the Oakland Library call on the librarian for the information: MOTHER CAREY'S CHICKENS—Sub- scriber, City. The name,““Mother Carey's Chickens,” which the sailors apply to the stormy petrels was applied during the first great French revolution to the fish fags or fish wives of Paris, because, like the stormy petrel, whenever - they ap- peared in force on the streets of that city they always foreboded a tumult of politi- cal storm. SUCCESSION—S. P., €ity. The law of succession in California declares that if a husband dies intestate and he leaves a ‘wife and one child or lawful issue of such child, the property goes in equal shares to the widow" and the child or lawful issue of such child. If there be more than one child the widow's share is one-third. On the death of the husband one-half of the c3munity property goes to the widow. LITTLE FINGER TELL ME TRUE— A. D. A., Berkeley, Cal. The origin of “Little finger tell me true,” is traced to Moliere in “Le Malade Imaginaire,” 1673, and is based on the following from tne second volume: Mr. Argan wished to pump his little daughter, Louison, r specting a young gentleman who was pay- ing attention to her elder sister. “Be care- ful,” sald Mr. Argan, “for here is a little finger that will tell me if you are net truthful.” After the little one had toid all she knew, he put his little finger to his ear and sald: ‘“Here, my little finger is saying something; yes, my little finger tells me that you saw something which you did not téll me.”” To this the little one replied: “There, my papa, all T have to say is that your little finger is a liar.” GRAND ARMY—Mrs. F. M. S, Ala- meda, Cal. The first post of the Grand Army of the Republic was organized at Decatur, IIl, April 6, 1866, and the first natiénal encampment was held at Indian- apolis on the 20th of November of the ‘same year. The' constitution provides that ‘“soldiers and sallors of the United States Army and Navy and Marine Corps, | between April 12, 1861, and April 9, 1865, in the war for the suppression of the re- bellion, and those having honorable dis- charge therefrom from such service, and of such State regiments as were called into active service and subject to the orders of United States general officers between the dates mentioned, shall be eli- gible to membership in the Grand Arm: of the Republic. No person shall be eligi- has arms against the United States.” Grandfather—You can’t keep money, can you, Jimmie? It seems to burn your | pocket. Jimmie—Yes, gran'pap, that's why I blow it.—Ohio State Journal. The Improved Plan.—“Do you read a novel as most women do?” asked the Ar- dent Admirer; “read the last chapter and then the rest of the story?" ““Oh,” said the Lovellest Girl, “that sort of thing is out of date. We now read the last chapter and then go to see the dramatization.”—Indianapolis Press. Pat—Are you good at arithmetic, Mike? Mike—I am. Pat—Well, if you had 10 shillings and T asked you for the lend of 5, how much would you have left? Mike (strongly)—Ten shillings. Pat—Ah, ve don’t seem to ketch onter ; an’ you don't seem shillings.—Tit-Bits. to ketch “Whoopee, mamma!"* ing in, waving a report. for three months! a picnie?” “Johnny, dear,” said his mother. with a far-off, weary loock in her eyes, “how would you like to go to the country and spend the whole summer with your grand- ma and grandpa? If you will be real good for a week, perhaps I'll let you go and stay till the Saturday before school be- gins.” Yet they never put women on the boards of strategists.—Indianapolis News. said Johnny, rush- No more school Won't us fellers have Sirs: We fed our baby on modified cow’s milk the first six months, but the milkman did not understand how to modify his cows properly, and in consequence ‘he child lost flesh till he weighed but one pound. I now procured some of your celebrated Infant’s Food. This the baby managed to trade off to the dog for some dog biscuit, which he ate, and is now well and hearty. The dog died, but dogs are cheap. ‘We are grateful to you, indeed. You may use my name if you like. John Jones, —Detroit Journpal. She was a sweet young thing, and they had exchanged the ballroom for the con- servatory. As his arm stole about her mousseline-de-soie waist she murmured: ““Am I the first girl you ever hugged?” He was a newspaper man, and therefore he could not tell a lie, so he replied: “No, sweetness; you are the third edi- tion I have put to Yonkers Statesman. ‘The telephone bell rang. “Hello, is this Blank & Co.?" a sweet little volce, swered the phone. tnquired when a clerk an- , is Mr. B. there?” “Yes, but Mr. B. is engaged now, and I fear he can't talk to you.” “Oh, I know he is engaged: he's en- gaged to my big sister. But he's allowed to talk to me!" The clerk was so much amused at the child’s innocence and so pleased at the inopportune wedding announcement that he interrupted Mr. B., who answered the phore.—Indianapolis News. RS Choice candies. Townsend’s. Palace Hotel® —_———————— Cal. glace fruit 30c per Ibat Townsend's.* —_—— Special information supplied daily to business houses and public men by the Press Clipping Bureau (Allen's), “10 Mont- gcmery street. Telephone Main 1042, b ———————— - The substance called caramel is only cane sugar heated to a temperature of 410, when it undergoes several important chemical changes. —_——— Dr. Sanford’s Liver Invigorator. BestLiver Medicine, VegetableCureforLiver Ills. Biliouspess, Indigestion, Constipation, —_—— Stops Diarrhoea and Stomach C ) v press to-night.”"— , ramps. Dr. 1 Biegart’s Genuize Imported Angostura Bitters.*