The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, June 10, 1901, Page 4

4 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, MONDAY, JUNE 10, 1901. Che Sodioe Call. MONDAY s ensabesssstJKINE 30,001 ’ - THE PRIMARY LEAGUE. | WITH the declared purpose of the newly in- corporated Republican Primary League all in the articles of incorporation, it is “to foster and JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Address All Communioations to W. 8. LEAKE, Marager. MANAGER’S OFFI}’E. - .Te}re!pgffv!’it!: :‘.’,“v{ PCBU’CIA/’I'IOK UFHCE. ..Market and Third, S. F. Telephone Pre: 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS.....217 to 221 Stevemson St. Telephone Press 202. Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. Single Copies, 5 Cents. Terms by Mail, Including Postage: DAILY CALL Gncluding Suncay), cne year. DAILY CALL (ncluding Sunday), ¢ monthe DAILY CALL (including Sunday), 3 months DAILY CALL—By Single Month. WEEKLY CALL, One Year... All postmasters are nuthorized to receive subscriptions. Sample coples will be forwarded when requested. Mail subscribers in ondering change of address should be | particular to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order to insure a prompt and correct compliance with thelr request. OAKLAND OFFICE. .o C. GEORGE KROGNESS. Manager Foreign Advertising, Marquette Builing, Chioago. (Long Distance Telephone “‘Central 2619.”") NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT: CARLTON. . «...Herald Square ...1118 Broadway C. c. NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH. . .20 Tribune Bxilding NEW YORE NEWS STANDS: ‘Waldorf-Astoria Hotel; A. Brentano, 31 Union Square; Murray Hill Hotel. CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: Sherman House: P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel: Fremont House; Auditorium Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE...1406 G St., N. W. MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. BRANCH OFFICES—27 Montgomery, corner of Clay, open until 9:30 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open until 9:30 o'clock. 632 McAllister, open until 8:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin, open until 9:30 o'clock. 1961 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, corner Sixteenth, open until 9 o'clock. 109 Valencia, open untfl § o'clock. 106 Eleventh, open until 9 c’clock. NW. corner Twenty-second and Kentucky, open until 9 o'clock. 2200 Fillmore. open until § p. m. AMUSEMENTS. California—"'A Parisian Romance.” Central—"Jim the Westerner.” Tivoli—"The Toy Maker.” Orpheum—Vaudeville. "Arcy of the Guards.” “For Bonnie Prince Charlfe " Grand Opera-house—*‘The Empress Theodora.” Olympia. corner Mason and Eddy streets—Specialties. Chutes, Zoo &nd Theater—Vaudeville every afternoon and evening. Fischer's—Vaudeville. Sutro Baths—Swimming. Emeryville Racetrack—Races to-day. AUCTION SALES. By Fred Chase—Thursday, June 12, at 112 m., at 1732 Mar- ket street, Horses. @ hesos i ma PR, 10 SUBSCRIBERS LEAYING TOWN FOR THE SUMMER, Cal! subscribers contemplating a change of | resideace during the summer months can have their paper forwarded by mail their new sddresses by notifying The Call Business Office. This paper will also be on sale st all summer Fesorts and is represented by = local agemt im @il towss on the coast. T last week. The East enjoyed the first real warm, sunny weather of the season, and it was imme- diately responded to by an increased demand for many kinds of goods, the retailers reporting more improve- ment in this respect than the wholesalers, though the latter also reported a larger trade in some lines. The CONDITION OF TRADE. HE weather was the principal factor in business 5 s | reverse was the case in the Northwest, where rains, | long needed, stimulated the demand for merchandise. In the Southwestern wheat belt, again, dry weather cut down the crop prospects materially, especially in Kansas, and thereby diminished the demand for goods. As the contrary conditions almost offset each other, the general state of the country remained about the same, the bank clearings showing a gain for the week of 61 per cent, every important city except Min- neapolis exhibiting an increase over the same week 184 for the same week last year. The staples, which have been featureless for some | time, showed signs of increased life, accompanied by more or less irregularity. The iron and steel trades were visibly quieter, owing largely to the non-settle- ment of the labor troubles, which caused considerable hesitation at Chicago, Cincinnati and other important markets, all of which reported diminished inquiry for goods. Again, owing to the labor conflict, many manufacturers have avoided seeking any new business after July 1, and this adds to the general dullness. The consumption, however, is seemingly as large as be- fore, though new business is falling off, and pig iron has declined 25 cents per ton. The inquiry for agri- | cultural implement material has also fallen off, point- ing to expected hesitation in this line. Against this poorer showing in the iron trade, how- ever, the boot and shoe manufacturers report a stimu- lated demand in their line, the shipments for the week being 20,000 cases more than during the same week in 1900, and 90,000 more for the season to date, sur- passing all previous records. Future orders, however, are slow in coming in. Textile goods are also quoted ! in better demand, woolens being wanted for fall and cottons for summer delivery. The raw wool, how- ever, shows no improvement in price, while the me- dium and lower grades are still in the buyers’ favor. Railroad earnings continue to make a good show- ing, those during May being 9.6 per cent over May, 1900, and 23.2 per cent over May, 1899. There was a somewhat better tone to the stock market during the early part of the week, due princi- pally to the gradual clearing of the railroad combina- tion atmosphere and the expectation that there will be further large deals later on which will result in a revival of speculative activity. But, as the midsummer season is at hand, the volume of business shows no increase, and the public will probably not re-enter Wall street until after the dog days. The conditions here in San Francisco and on the coast at large show no change worthy of note. For- eign exports from this port show a decrease thus far this year from the same time in 1900, but are still large and require 2ll the vessels available. Local and interior trade is reported good by the wholesalers, and as the general tone of farm products now coming in is firm, there is a feeling of confidence throughout the business community. Some wholesale houses re- port a lessencd demand for several lines of goods in consequence of local strikes, but this fallin, neither serious nor general. In the main the mer- chants consider business fully up to last year and not a few report it the best year thus far that they have ever had. vear. The failures for the week were 163, against | off is | good citizens will sympathize. As set forth | maintain the political principles of the Republican | party, to arouse and maintain the interest of all elec- tors in the maintenance and enforcement of the pri- mary election law and of all laws pertaining to elec- tions.” If to that main purpose the league remain true and steadfast its service will be of benefit not to Republicans only, but to all good citizens; for what- soever tends to eliminate boss control from the pri- maries of any great party must be of benefit to the whole community. | In one sense it is unfortunate that it should be nec- essary to organize and incorporate an association for such purposes. It would be better if all citizens could be brought freely and of their own individual will to the polls in every election, from the primaries to the final vote. Experience, however, has proven that such spontaneous action on the part of all cannot be at- tained under present conditions. The business men of | the community, absorbed in their private affairs, are | apt to neglect politics. They are especially apt to }overlook the primaries, owing to the fact that those | elections take place before the campaign opens and | the excitements of the contest attract the attention of | the general public. Such being the case, it is necessary that something be done to bring the better elements of the people to the primaries, and consequently the | Primary League promises to supply a genuine need of the time. Of the importance of primary elections under our system of party government every citizen is aware. | It has been through them that the bosses and their ‘gangs. by the practice of fraud or by resort to open | violence, have obtained great influence and some- times complete control over nominating conventions. Thus good citizens have found themselves virtually excluded from the primaries, and sometimes on elec- tion days have been compelled to vote against their own party ticket as the sole means of rebuking the | bosses and making it known to them that while they | could nominate a bad ticket they could not always | elect it. | A long-continued agitation for reform in the pri- [ maries has brought about the enactment of the present primary law, and its efficacy is now to be tested. It | goes without saying there is nothing in the law that can of its own vigor purify politics. If any consider- able number of good citizens remain away from the | primaries the bosses will be able to elect a majority | of the delegates to the nominating conventions under \the law just as easily as in the old days when there | was no law. The issue then in the end depends upon | the citizens themselves. Unless they take an interest in politics, go to the polls and vote for good men, thus assuring honesty and fidelity in the nominating conventions, the law will be as worthtless as if the Supreme Court had declared it invalid. It is to be hoped the incorporation of the Repub- lican Primary League and its immediate activities will have the effect of awakening the interest of all citizens in the approaching primaries. It is desirable that working men, business men and professional men should take as earnest 2 part in public affairs as do the | bosses and their gangs. Only by the exercise of such | public spirit on their part can we attain that efficiency of municipal administration as will enable us to make | San Francisco all that it should be. The primary law ‘[ is now on the side of good men, and all will be well if | good men range themselves in active work on the side | of the law. The local burglar who was caught in a house and pleaded that he was hiding from enemies ought to be [ given a residence where none but his own kind—and }naturally his friends—will be likely to meet him. PROBLEMS OF CO-OPERATION. | ECENT reports from European countries con- | R cerning the conditions and the prospects of co- operative societies of one kind or another show that while in the main these movements have attained | a marked degree of success, they are nevertheless | hampered by a good many difficulties of operation and | are far from furnishing a complete solution to the in- | dustrial problems they were called into existence to | meet. In Great Britain, so far as the late accounts go, the | results attained have been better than in any other | country, and the movement toward further co-opera- | tion goes forward with vigor. Official statistics for 1899 show that in Great Britain, exclusive of Ireland, | there were 1632 registered co-operative societies, with a membership of 1,720,000, a share and loan capital of £27,000,000, and a reserve of nearly £2,000,000. The total trade of these societies for the year was estimated at £60,000,000, on which there was made a profit of £7,800,000 after paying 5 per cent on a capital of nearly £30,000,000. The co-operative stores employed about | 20,000 “committee men,” chosen by the members to | manage the business, and over 78,000 other employes, ‘while the population directly affected by the move- ment is estimated at 6,000,000. The “problematical” work in which British co-oper- ation is now employed is that of bringing about a practical union of labor and capital in the form of | business partnerships. In the reports that come to us |formed, with a total capital of £2,500,000, but that while | the copartnership principle has been favored by the Scottish Wholesale Society it is opposed by the English | Wholesale Society. The basis of the opposition on | the part of the wholesalers is not stated. The chief weakness of co-operation in Great Britain is said to | be the reluctance of the members of the societies to pay salaries high enough to command first rate admin- i istrative ability in their management. French co-operative societies have had a difficulty peculiar to themselves. It appears that a considerable proportion of the whole number of such organizations in that country have borrowed money or obtained the capital necessary to organization by issuing shares to outsiders, who have been given the privilege of voting on their stock. The practice has had the effect of con- verting a good many associations organized ‘for co- operation into what are virtually joint stock compa- nies. Moreover, the same tendency is noted in or- ganizations where there were no shares issued for borrowed capital. Tt is said one shareholder after an- other drops out, the more enterprising members buy up the less enterprising, some die, and in one way or another shares come into the possession of a few men, who perhaps retire on their incomes. The number of employes not owning shares increases, and as the | concern prospers in a business way it contracts as a | co-operative association, until those who own the , stock develop into full-fledged capitalists. Contrasting the work of British and of French in the way of co-operation a recent writer on the sub- ject says the French do not aim to affiliate producers with consumers as do the British, and instead of pro- ducing for an assured market enter into the general | it is stated that there have been 102 such partnerships than capitalistic employers. !in Great Britain and elsewhere, the movement is ad- | vancing and the societies are in the main giving satis- faction to their members. — The San Jose rancher who is saing for divorce the wife he obtained from a matrimonial agency is now probably convinced that there are some things one cannot buy with safety. PAN-AMERICAN ARBITRATION. D ISPATCHES from Washington announce that in the opinion of many of the South American diplomatists in that city “4ll that Blaine did for pan-American harmony has been spoiled by the diplo- matic snarl that has resulted from the attitude as- i sumed by Chile, encouraged by the State Department, in regard to the discussion of arbitration in the pro- posed Pan-American Congress to be held in the City of Mexico.” Such a statement emanating from diplomatic sources shows the irritation that has arisen over the arbitration programme that was to have been pre- sented at the meeting of the Pan-American Congress. The dispute, it is evident, has now reached a point that endangers the success of the congress, and it is possible the meeting may be abandoned. ‘While the congress was to consider the commercial relations of the varidus countries of this hemisphere and to devise ways and means for promoting their international trade, the chief object of those who pro- mote it has been to bring about some method of set- tling the various disputes among South American countries and thus put an end to controversies that threaten war. It has been said that it was Blaine’s central idea to establish peace rather than to promote commerce when. he called the first Pan-American Con- gress; and the executive 'board of the congress that has been called to meet in Mexico has sought to make arbitration the dominant issue before the delegates. The board consists of the United States Secretary of State and the Ministers Plenipotentiary at Wash- ington of Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala and Costa Rica. In reply to an invitation to take paft in the congress Chile intimated an unwillingness to do so unless the programme proposed by the executive board were so amended as to confine the principle of arbitration over boundary disputes to future occur- rences. That meant, of course, that the long dispute between Chile and Peru over the provinces of Tacna and Arica should not be arbitrated; and it appears the executive board for the sake of future good agreed to the stipulation. Now Peru and other South Ameri- can countries protest against the exception, and the whole movement is in danger of coming to nothing. It will be remembered the Chileans were not repre- sented in the Pan-American Congress called by Blaine. They feared then, as they fear now, that under any arbitration they would have to surrender the two provinces they took from Peru and also a seaport they took from Bolivia. Their fears appear to be well founded so far as the Peruvian question is concerned, for their claims to the disputed provinces are seem- ingly without any justification whatever. By the treaty of Ancon, made between Chile and Peru in 1884, it was provided that Tacna and Arica should be held by Chile for ten years and that at the end of that time it should be left to a vote of the people of the two provinces whether they should re- main Chilean or be restored to Peru, When' the ten vears expired Chile tcok no step to submit the ques- tion to a vote, but in 1898 negotiations were started to submit the issue to the Queen Regent of Spain. For three years the Chilean Chamber of Deputies dallied over the matter and early in the present year broke off the negotiations altogether. It will be seen that her case is so bad she can hardly hope to retain the two provinces upon any other terms than those which will exclude them from arbitration altogether. The issue raises the question of how far the principle of international arbitration can be enforced. Our Government did not hesitate to interfere under the Monroe doctrine to compel Great Britain to arbitrate her boundary dispute with Venezuela, but we are not likely to compel Chile to arbitrate. Perhaps inter- national authority may be eventually enforced upon the unwilling by war, but as yet the world is not ready for such active interference by a concert of powers. It will be seen therefore that the Pan-Ameri- can Congress may be as futile as was the famous Peace Conference at The Hague. TWO EUROPEAN SPECULATORS, NE of the most curious results of the recent O crisis in Wall street is the revelation of the extent to which European financiers were in- | terested and involved in it. There have just occurred the failures of two noted financiers, the one German and the other Russian, and in each case, according to | the reports, the failure was mainly due to speculations in American stocks and securities. The Russian failure is that of President Altschensky of the Khardoff Chamber of Commerce, said to be a financier of great influence, being president of the Agricultural Bank and the controller of one of the largest iron works in the empire. His liabilities are estimated to amount to 20,000,000 rubles, and it is reported his failure involves and embarrasses so many important financial institutions that the Imperial Bank of Russia has found it advisable to go to their relief to prevent further failures. Still more remarkable is the case of Commercial Councilor Sanden of Berlin, who is described as hav- ing had financial charge of the private fortunes of the imperial family, and whose downfall is attributed to his having been caught in the Northern Pacific corner. The reports say he lost something like $8,750,000 be- longing to members of the court. The Emperor is re- ported to have lost over $3,000,000 of his private for- tune by the failure and the Duke of Schleswig-Hol~ stein is said to have been completely ruined. In the same report it is added: “Except for the protest of the Ministry the Em- peror would probably have turned over to Sanden the ‘iron stock,” or the family fund of the royal family, amounting to $25,000,000, and now invested in gilt- edge London and New York real estate.” Of course, the stories are doubtless exaggerations, but the very fact that they are told in explanation of | the collapse of financiers in Berlin and St. Petersburg is an evidence that the connection of the financiers of those countries with Wall-street speculations is so common that a crash in the street is not deemed an improbable explanation of failures there. There is i fund of the imperial Hohenzollerns is largely invested | but it shows that in the estimation of Europe the Kaiser is not unlikely to have supplied himself with a means to remove to New York and join the Four Hundred in case by some revolution he shotld lose | hissitnation in Germany. - s also something of interest in the report that the family in American real estate. Maybe the report is not true, field of industrial competition. 1n ‘many cases they | -have not been able to hold their own because less agile | In France, however, as | PAPERS ON CURRENT TOPICS. PREPARED BY EXPERT THE SAN FrANCISCO CALL. Shrewd Yankee Farmer Who Is Making a Fortune in the Peach-Growing In- dustry in Georgia. By Willis Grant Johnson. COPYRIGHT; 1901 XVII—J. HO From early boyhood J. Howard Hale has been known as a hard worker. His father died when he was a mere lad, leaving his mother in meager cifcumstances. The small farm was not overproductive and young Hale soon learned what it was to shoulder grave responsibilities. He had very limited opportunities to attend school. He was a keen obserter, however, and rapidly accumulated a store of infor- mation as he came in contact with others. Blessed with a strong constitution and a will power that was not easily swayed, his own experiences in his youthful days were a substitute for university lectures. These first encounters with adverse condi- tions developed a character well fitted to conduct the great enterprise that he now manages and controls. About thirty-three years ago he con- ceived the idea of transforming some of the abandoned New England hill farms into berry beds and peach orchards. He began in a small way at first, testing va- rieties and studying the underlying prin- ciples of fruit growing. Having demon- strated that the neglected and forsaken Connecticut hills on the old home farm would produce as fine peaches as were grown anywhere in the world, in company with his brother he borrowed money and planted his first commercial orchard in 1880. Mr. Hale never for a moment thought | there was any doubt about final success of his venture; but the good old deacons, themselves engaged in_tobacco culture, who were responsible for a $2000 loan of the church funds, felt so uneasy about the money that they requested the pros- pective fruit-grower to give better secur- ity than a first mortgage on the farm or to pay off his debts at once. Young Hale did not tell them that he then had his first good crop of peaches on his trees, but asked them to wait two months and he would give the desired security. In Au- gust and September $7000 worth of peaches were sold from the farm that the neigh- bors thought. was not good security for $2000. The deacons were paid the full amount of their claims. A Great New England Peach Farm. This was young Hale's first real encour- agement from the money point of view. For threc successive years the crops had | Here | been killed by late spring frosts. again the resolute qualities of the lad stuck out. His early experience with the push cart, borrowed from a neighbor and afterward bought for §1, in which he de- livered his fruits in the local market, was of inestimable value in buoying up the spirits of a boy, whom _the neighbors called a wild dreamer. When the little cart was loaded, as it often was, it took lots of push to start it; hanging back would not budge if an inch, but an ever- lasting push kept it moving slowly ahead. This, young Hale discovered, was the only way to get ahead and that lesson of push, learned from experiences with the old hand cart, has stimulated and carried him over many discouraging any trying pe- riods. Since the first big crop was secured and the mortgage lifted and other debts paid many larger crops have been gathered. To-day the old Hale farm, in the family s hands for over 250 years, Is in better con- dition, more productive and of far greater value than ever Lefore. The once aban- doned hilltops covered with rocks and overgrown with underbrush and birch are now cleanly eultivated and studded with reat peu‘ orchards, which quring the atter part of May present one grand Lou- quet. The delicate 'pink of the peach blcom on nearly a hundred thousand trees planted on terraces, in contrast with the green wooded background of higher and rougher hills and the river and valley fields below, have made the Hale farm famous throughout New England, to say nothing of the carloads of luscious fruits produced later in the season. The litile push-cart has long since given way to more_modern means of _transportation. The Hartford street railway has run a sidetrack into this farm and the frult js packed in cars, constructed for that pur- pose, and rushed by electricity to the steam railway, nine miles distant. This is the first fruit farm in the Uaited States to adopt the trolley car for handling fruit direct from the orcrard. Growing Peaches in Georgia. Having thus made a fair start in Con- necticut, Mr. Hale wanted to extend his orchards. After visiting every peach- growing section in this country, he locat- ed a tract of about 2160 acres in Central Georgia, near Fort Valley. On this im- mense rlantation he has developed the | | largest individual orchard in the world. Over 250,000 trees are fruiting and younger oychards are coming on each season. Trees are set with perfect regularity thir- teen feet apart and the orchard is laid off into blocks 1000x500 feet each way. The avenues are thirty feet wide and the cross streets twenty-six feet wide. The former are named after the great.peach-produc- ing States, California, Michigan, Ohlo, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Con- necticut, Georgia, etc.,, while the latter are called Downing, Wilder, Warder, Thomas, Barry, Gold, Bailey, ‘etc., after renowned horticulturists. Thus the whole system is unique. From the main pack- ing shed stretching away for two miles is one great forest of peach trees. Mr. Hale has systematized every detail of this industry. uring the height of the seasor in June and July over 800 persons about equally divided between white and black are employed and they camp on the place. The first bell rings at 3 o'clock in the morning, which serves as a signal to the superintendent that the stableman is at his post feeding the horses and mules. L o 3 2 23 30 20 2 e e e e 2 S S S Y PERSONAL MENTION. A. B. Hill of Pomona is at the Palace. Dr. J. D. Dameron of Stockton is stay- ing at the Lick. A. McDonald, a Seattle capitalist, is a guest at the Lick. W. H. McClintock, a mining man of So- nora, is at the Lick. §. H. Wheeler, a mining man of Rene, Nev., 1s at the Palace. John Markley, State Bank Commission- er, is registered at the Lick from Geyser- ville. ‘W. H. Burckhalter, a merchant of Truckee, s one of the arrivals at the Lick. 8. N. Laughlin, an extensive rancher of Moss Landing, is a late arrival at. the Grand. Willlam A. Akers, an attorney of Salt Lake City, is at the Occidental, accom- panied by his wife. Mrs. E. M. Thomas, wife of Captain Thomas of the United States battleship Oregon, Is at the Occidental. Mrs. Frank 8. Cressey of Modesto .and Mrs. C. Waldron of Santa. Cruz are among the gucsts registered at the Pal- ace. Dr. A. H. Gianinni, a popular young physician of this city, returntd Felday evening after two years spent in Europe, and on Saturday evening a large number of his friends tendered him a banquet at the Palace Hotel. LU el RN L The stranger had just paid 40 cents for a sandwich, a piece of ple and a cup of coffee. “Your Priees are pretty steep.” he sald, cramped, insignificant, one story shack. A “But think of the money I'm losing every day by not having a sixteen story ofiice building on this spot of ground,” re- turned the. proprietor, in the tone of an injured man.—Chicago Tribune. P TR T P T AE LA SUMMER RATES at Hotel del Coronado, Coronado Beach, Cal., effective after April 15, $60 for round trip, including 15 days at hotel. Pacific Coast 8. 8. Co., 4 New Montgomery st. S AND SPECIALISTS FOR WARD HALE. At 4 o'clock, through the gray of the morning, the merry procession starts through the orchard, singing. From morning till night the plantation echoes the refrains of the negroes, happy and contented, hidden among the foliage. The trees are headed low and all the fruit, even on the oldest trees, can be picked from the ground without a ladder. 'The pickers are divided into gangs of about iwenty, each with a foreman. Every picker is numbered and furnished with a bunch of cards bearing his number. When i he begins picking he drops a card in the | bottom of the basket. All fruit must be | picked according to a standard of ripe- ness and variety. If a basket is too ripe, too green or in any way deficient, it is de- tected in the packing house and the num- bered card in the bottom is given to the field superintendent, who is constantly ix | the saddle. He gallops away to find the offender and brings him to task. Packing Peaches for the Market. By 5 o'clock in the morning the wagons begin to bring the fruit into the packing shed and there is a constant stream of fruit pouring in all day long. The bas- kets, set upon the platform, are immedi- ately taken by the assorters, who divide the fruit into three grades in'long canvas | trays stretched upon a table before them. Onthe opposite side of these long tables | hundreds of white girls and boys of the | most refined classes, including 'school | teachers, musicians, artists and _others, | | pack the fruit in small four-quart baskets. | Six of these baskets constitute a carrier | or crate. Every peach must be up to| standard size, without blemish and in a | perfect state of ripeness before being placed in one of these baskets. A gen- eral foreman keeps close watch in the | packing shed and before the lid is nailed on every crate is inspected by an expert, who makes sure that every plece of fruif is what the guaranty carries with it, in a perfect condition and the same all the way through. If a single peach is found containing a bruise or blemish of any | kind the entire crate is returned to the packer and as a penalty it must be re-| packed. The girls handling this fruit be- come. very expert and from eighty to 100 | crates a day is considered a good pack, | although some experts pack from 175 to | 200 crates. Each carrier contdins from 100 to 210 peaches, depending on the grade. Each packer handles during the day from 20,000 to 30,000 pieces of fruit in addition to handling the baskets and carriers. | Every basket, crate and even the cars | are labeled with Mr. Hale's red label. Last summer a Northern man who was visiting this orchard timed two of the ex- pert packers, a man and a woman. Each | removed three baskets and the middle partition, handled 132 peaches and set the | carrier aside for shipment in two min- utes and twelve seconds. The same day another expert, who was packing canta- loupes handled forty-six melons and pack- ed them ready for market in twenty sec- onds. The boys who nail the lids upon the packages also become experts. One | lad drove six nails in nine seconds, while his competitor drove the same number and set the package aside in ten second: The fruit is passed directly into refriger- ator cars from the shed. Less than an hour elapses from the time the fruit is plucked from the tree until it is in cold | storage. During the rush of the season a car is loaded every hour through the day. It is a rare sight to see an entire express train carrying the products of a single orchard. The cars are iced five times after they leave the orchard before they reach the Northern markets. Music for the Fruit Packers. During the heavier part of the packing season Mr. Hale noticed that many girls left the sheds at night in a rather melan- choly mood, and decided to try a new plan to stimulate and give them new life the latter part of the day, when the hours seemed longer than usual. Here he exhib- ited his ingenuity, and, much to the de-| light of the'}ackers. the following after- noon about Z'o’clock a band, consisting of the star players of the neighborhood, was placed upon the platform in the shed. They were instructed to play any kind of music they chose the early part of the afternoon, but to have strains of a lively | character later, and at the close of the day nothing but the genuine old South- ern hoe-down would suffice. When the quitting hour arrived the band was play- ing the liveliest tunes known to the lead- er. As a consequence the girl packers left the sheds every afternoon in a happy and contented frame of mind, rested and refreshed, in condition to enjoy a good night's sleep. At the same time, much to the surprise of Mr. Hale, he found that while the music rested his employes and madeé them much more cheerful the aver- age pack was 30 per cent greater—enough to _pay for music and leave a profit. There are nearly forty miles of graded roads in his orchard, and one can drive all day long through vistas of peach trees. The railroad was constructed in 1895 through the heart of the estate by the Central Railway of Georgia. All details of management are planned and given out by Mr. Hale from his Connecticut office, he going to Georgia only during the packing and shipping season. In ad- dition to the two packing sheds there is a large, well-equipped evaporator estab- lished, in which all fallen fruit and fruit | of an inferior quality, speckled or bruised, | is thoroughly prepared and dried. The Red Label Hotel is another interesting feature of this orchard. It is built accord- ing to modern plans and accommodates about 250 employes. It is managed on a| co-operative basis, and the young men and women secure their meals at actual cost, paying nothing for room and other accommodations. Some of the young men club together, recure a cook and provide their own meals. A CHANCE TO SMILE. Gray—Yes, I tell my wife everything, I do; don’t you? ‘White—I did for a while, but I had to quit. My wife said it was too stupid for anything.—Boston Transcript. Church—So Rivers has been abroad? Gotham—Yes; just returned. ‘Did he have a quiet voyage? No, I believe not; his wife and children ‘were with him.”"—Yonkers Statesman. “I see that Minister Conger calls Minis- ter Wu a hero.” “Isn’t that diplomatic?"” “How 0?2’ “Why, it places Wu in a position where he can’t avold saying ‘You're another.’ *'— ‘Washington Star. “‘There’s a barrel el organ going along the treet. ahat's nothing.. They'rs guits com- mon. “But vtvha.t I want e e Do o, movement fn “I don’t ses how you can be so desper- ately in love with a girl known such a short g’me." Pt Y0 Rave But I've been “Of course you don't. girl all my life before I met to know is, does it loving that her.”"—Detroit Free Press. “Is it true Boston relatively g gor?" whisky than any other yAmflH:-k: R Do seeu it 3o, Stated. en how does manage its reputation for unbrogn 'go?r‘::‘t‘n‘:: of speech?’—Philadelphia Times. A couple of Carse farme: High street, Dundee. *B" mas,” sald one of them, yours has been standin’ 'a “Oh, juist gle It a seat, S4) .’ replied Sandy, mak’ it a’ recelm?"-—uonn?;ll TS met on the -the lang time noo.” ;" interrupt- be Tale gled “but will we Star. Choice candies, Townsend's, Palace Hotel* -—— a i Cal. glace fruit 50c per Ib at Townsend's.* —_————— information supplied daily to houses and public men the Press Clipping Bureau % gomery street. Telephons Matn iz "5 | will consist of two 6-inch and eight 4. | the WORED’S NAVAL NEWS. Germany has seven gunnery training ships, namely: Mars, Carola, Olga, Ma- ria, Brummer, Ulan and Hay. The United States has only one vessel assigned for such purpose—the Amphitrite, a monitor sister ship to the Monadnock. e " e The Sirene, one of four submarine boats built at Cherbourg, was launched May 4. She resembles the Narval type, but has a double hull, the space between the two skins being filled with water when the boat is to be submerged. A surface speed of 10 to 12 knots is anticipated. Torpedo-boat No. 93, built by Therny- croft for the British navy, had its trial last month and made an average speed of 25.523 knots, exceeding the contract by .523 knots. She is one of four boats of new design in which less but more reliable speed is aimed at. They are of 178 tons digplacement, 2550 horsepower, have three torpedo-tubes and carry three 12-pound- < o kA e Austrian naval estimates are steadily in- creasing and include for the ensuing fiscal year provisions for arming all the vessels with automatic quick-firing guns. Two monitors and five patrol vessels for the Danube are to be built, one coast defense ship of 8300 tons, and there is to be.ex- pended the first installment of $420,000 to- ward the construction of new docks at Pola, the final cost of which is estimated ” el The British armored crulser Cressy, 12,000 tons, 21,000 horsepower and 21 knots speed, was placed in commission May 25. The keel was laid October 12, 1398, and the launching took place December 4, 1899, making a total of 9%8 days from start to finish. Considering the drawbacks from strikes and delay in delivery of material this shipbuilding record of less than thir- ty-two months is good. e Ansaldo, the famous shipbuilder at Ge- noa, has completed two torpedo-boats for the Turkish navy. They are of 145 tons displacement, 158 feet length on water line, 18 feet 9 inches beam and 4 feet draught. Their twin-screw engines are 2400 horsepower, and the coal capacity of 60 tons is sufficient for 2000 miles at 14 knots. The contract speed was 27% knots, and the trial, which extended over a run of seven miles in rough sea, gave 26 knots. * ip T e Work on a Turkish cruiser will shortly be begun at the Cramp yard, the Sultan having made a first payment on the con- tract. It will be a small vessel, 240 feet length, 30 feet beam and 16 feet draught, with engines of 12,000 horsepower to give a speed of 22 knots. The main armament inch—all quickfirers. She will be fitted as a flagship and carry twenty officers and 280 men. There is no time clause, but the builders will probably have the vessel completed long before the Turk is ready to make final payment. I There are two types of boilers not in use in the German navy—the Yarrow and the Babcock & Wilcox—which are rapidly coming into favor in other naval vessels. The Yarrow boiler is almost exclusively used in the Dutch navy and entirely so in the Swedish. A statement made In the London Times of May 18 shows that the Babcock & Wilcox water-tube boiler is in- stalled to the extent of 218, of 164,000 horse- power, in war vessels, chiefly American: 57, of 34,000 horsepower, in mercantile ocean cargo and passenger steamers; 41, of 40,000 horsepower, on vessels on the lakes, and 35, of 19,300 horsepower, on dredging vessels, yachts and tugs. . s o A resume of boiler data in the German navy appears in the May number of the Marine Rundschau. It embraces seven types of boilers placed in forty ships, and data are the results obtained from actual results at sea under forced draught, highest speed under natural draught and umgger cruising speed. These data are of interest to marine engineers and cover a ‘wider range than has hitherto been exhib- ited in 'so comprehensive a form. In the following condensed table the data, ob- tained under forced draught speed, are briefly summarized: aQ eI 23| “8%x | 32 25322 |z 78237 | €5 2332 14, 3332 (35|32 isg a8 Cylindrical | 188.73 ’ 1.984 105.29 | 2.218 103 80.17 84.58 90.15 Belleville 102.20 ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. A BACK DATE-—S., City. Juae 8, 1865, fell on a Sunday. THE SHERMAN-J. W. J., City. It costs abbut §700.000 to build such a vessel as the transport Sherman. 0 THE WISCONSIN—S.,, City. The Wis- consin was launched from the Union Iron ‘Works November 26, 1898, PAN AMERICAN—M. S. E., San Jose, Cal. Pan American means all American. Pan is from the Greek, meaning all. THE OAKLAND—A. S, City. fhe a° mensions of the ferry-boat Oakland are: %‘ength‘ 265 feet; breadth, 415: depth, 18 eet. BERLIN—T. E. H.,, Willets, Cal. The population of Berlin in 1900 is given as ,843,000. The area of the city is twenty- five square miles. RELIGIOUS STATISTICS-C. K., City. The religious statistics asked for canuot be furnished until the figures of the Cen- sus Bureau are made public. DIME OF 'M—C. A, City. There is no premium on a dime of 1394 unless it is one of the twenty-four that were coined in San Francisco in that year. SPANISH WAR VETERANS —Ex Sailcr, Presidio, @al, There is a branch of the Veterans of the Spanish War in San Francisco. It is cailed Reinhold Richter Camp and has headquarters in the ‘Alcazar building. NO PREMIUM—M. D. T, City. There is no premium offered for a $5 oiece of 1837. Numismatists do not offer any pre- mium for coins of that denomination is- sued after 1334 and only for those of trat %ate that bear the legend “E ~Pluribus num."” TRAINING SCHOOL—I. R. H.. City. There is on Goat Island in San Francisco Bay a United States naval training sta- tion or training school. For information concerning such school address a com- munication to the superintendent, who will send a circular of instruction. CIGARETTE TOBACCO-—-W. C. G., City. The reason that in the United States the tobacco used for cigarettes is of a light shade and that used in the tropies is dark is that in this country gen- erally the natural leaf is used for that purpose and in the tropics the tobacco is prepared and In many instances artifi- cially colored. MAJORITY AND PLURALITY - W., Alameda, Cal. The greatest majority ever received by a Presidential candidate was that received by Grant in 1§72. It was 727,975 over all candidates. His Dlurality over Greeley, the next highest candidate, was 762,991, At the election in %0 Me- Kinley's majority over all was 475,045, While his plurality over Bryan was S04 5. CASINO—G. D. G., City. In casino, un- less ¥t is agreed that points on the last deal shall count as made, the count is in the following order: Cards, soades, big casino, little caltno‘.‘rm and sweeps. If A had four to go and B had seven, and A got cards and spades and B the rest, A ‘would count first and go out, having three spades, - for cards and one for entitle him to the