The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, June 1, 1901, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SATURDAY, JUNE 1, 1901. A N SATURDAY....0c.4c00ee00s0ssss0es:J UNE 1, 3901 JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Address All Communicstions to W. B. LEAKE, Manager. MANAGER’'S OFFICE. ..Telephone Press 204 PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, S. F. Telephone Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS.....217 to 221 Stevenson St. Telephone Press 202. Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. Single Copies, 5 Cents. Terms by Mail, Including Postage: DAILY CALL (including Suncay), one year. DAILY CALL (nclyding Sunday), 6 months. DAILY CALL (including Sunday), 3 months. DAILY CALL-By Single Month.. WEEKLY CALL, One Year. All postmasters are subscriptions. Sample coples will be forwarded when requested. Matl subscribers in ordering change of address should -be particular to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order o insure & prompt and correct compliance with thelr request. OAKLAND OFFICE. +...1118 Broadway €. GEORGE KROGNESS. Macsger Foreign Advertising. Marquette Building, Ohicago. (Long Distance Telephone “Central 219.”) NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT: €. C. CARLTON. ......... wivse....Herald Square NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH... ..30 Tribune Building NEW YORK NEWS STANDS: Waldorf-Astoria Hotel; A. Brentano, 31 Murray ®:l Hotel. CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: Sherman House; P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel; Fremont House: Auditorfum Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE...1408 G St., N. W. MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. BRANCH OFFICES—s27 Montgomery, corner of Clay, open until 9:30, o'clock.. 300 Hayes, open until 9:30 o'clock. 633 McAllister, open until 8:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin, open until 9:30 o'clock. 1941 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, corner Sixteenth, open until § o'clock. 109 Valencia, open untt] 8 o'clock. 106 Eleventh, open until 9§ c'clock. N corner Twenty-second and Kentucky, cpen until 9 o'clock. 2200 Fillmore, open until § p..m. Union Square; AMUSEMENTS. Orpheum—Vaudeville. Columbis “The Importance of Being Earnest.” Alcazar—"The First Born” and “Gloriana.” Grand Opera-house— Cleopatra.” California—*"Phroso.” Olympla, corner Mason and Edey streets—S pecialties. Central—""The War of Wealth.”" ‘ivoli—*“The Toy Maker.” Chutes, Zoc and Theater—Veudeville every afternoon and e > Flethers_Vaudeville. Recreation Park—Baseball Alhambra—Benefit Children's Hospital, Saturday matinee, June 1 Sutro Baths—Swimming. Emeryville Racetrack—Races to-day. P ————— AUCTION SALES. By Oceidents] Horse Exchange—Saturday. June 1, o'clock, eixty head of Horses, at 721 Howard street. at 1 HE Portland Oregonian files a demurrer to our Tfomcasr. of the future Greek as a product of California. In a spirit of fairness we conceded that the Califor- nia Greek would have the wices ds well as the virtues of the citizen of ancient Attica. The Oregonian, in rejoinder, concedes that we have now the Greek vices, even those of Alcibiades, but denies to us a spark of Greek virtue or genius. It names various great char- acters in California oratory, poetry, journalism and art, all born outside the State and on exhibition as | exotics. As to our indigenous genius and domestic | bred talent, it calls the roll of the native sons and daughters and fails to tally one great name in the whole lot. We may be permitted to say something in behalf of the climate and physical environment which’ develops the latent genius that was born elsewhere but lay in |its shell without germination until touched by the E‘iructifying sunshine of California. It was so of the | gifts and graces that garland the names of Baker, Bret Harte, Ina Coolbrith, Sill, McAllister, Starr- | King, Field, McDougall, Gwin, Bierstadt, Cooper, Keith, Fisher and a long roll of worthies in litera- ture and law and art. When Joaquin Miller emerged into a reputation that is believed to be destined to immortality it was as the poet of the Sierras. Had he sung of ths Cascades, the Callapooia, the Siuslaw or the Willamette there is reason for believing that his | name would never have been known outside the Ore- gon county where he dispensed justice as a local Judge. EFancy him trying to fill the trump of Fame as “the {poet of the Wrickriaw,” or “the sweet singer of }Jump—ofi‘ Jo!” 1t is intolerable! This is a subtle psychological discussion. The na- tives of California muster, at present, scant two gen- | erations. We did not pretend that the climate acting |as a force in psychological evolution would be able, {in a time so brief, to produce Homer, Euripides, { Socrates, Plato and Aristotle. An unrecorded and ‘iunknown age passed over the tribes that pitched | their tents in Attica before their skin dwellings were |evoluted into the sublime architecture that is able, { , to thrill the cold blood of the mod- | ern alien as he stands uncovered and reverential be- | fore those poems in stone that stir the heart though the tooth of Time has gnawed away many a line. We beg the Oregomnian to give us time and not foreclose on us prematurely. | Meantime what has that classic journal to say for ‘Oregor.? What has the dank and moldy climate of Ethat suburb of California produced besides catarrh to | arrest the attention of mankind? Was the genius of Delusion Smith born there? Did Jo Lane cut his | baby teeth on that wet sod? Did even the historic | nose of Cronin get aught but its opalescent tint from even in its ruin {the r inbows that ‘arch the moisture of the Emerald Thé great journalists of Oregon are Harvey THE GREEKS OF THE FUTURE. | Scott and Tony Noltner, ‘one of whom was said to |be able to run a paper without brains or money. | But, alas! they are not the products of the soil. Does 10 SUBSCRIBERS LEAVING TOWR FOR THE SUMMER. | Ivester Pennoyer cwe his transcendent talents in | statesmanship to an crigin in the mud slime of the ©Call subscribers contemplating a change of residesce during the summer months can have their paper forwarded by mail to their new sddresses by notifying The Call Business Office, This papger will also be on sale at all summer Fesorts and is represented by a local agent ia ®ll towss en the coast. O THE CHINESE TRIBUTE. NE of the very impressive scenes of Decora- tion day was at the tomb of Grant, when Wu Ting Fang, the Chinese Minister, under or- ders from Li Hung Chang, laid 2 wreath on the tomb and delivered an address. The matter of the address was exceptiemaiiy good, and the tribute paid to the American General and President could not have been excelled in fervor by one o i 1 When Grant visited Chind in his tour aroi world he was treated with honors and distingui courtesy. Li Hung Chang became much. attached to him and was impressed by his wisdom and broad and humane view of Asiatic problems. When the General died Earl Li directed that the Chinese embassy in | Washiagton every year place a wreath on his tomb. The discharge of that duty by Wu this year furnished the occasion for his address. In that effort he devel- oped what may be the sympathetic link between China and this country. He said Grant's hold.on, the old empire is the appeal which his career makes to the Chinese imagination. He was not born in the pur- ple and was not the result of aristocratic lineage or of the opportunities of wealth. So his fame appealed 1o the Chinese, who have a saying, “Statesmen and generals do not come from an exclusive stock.” This means that the opportunity to rise and achieve fame is open to all, and success depends upon the individual quality and not on birth or riches. In their contacts with Europeans the Chinese have come to learn that the European rule is the opposite and that birth and wezith are the factors in advance- ment, while individual genius languishes without rec- ognition. In Grant they see an illustration of their own prov- erb, and in American institutions an application of their own philosophy. It is to be hoped that fate will not subject them to the rule of aristocracy, as will be the case if the land- grabbing European Governments succeed in oppress- ing them to the point of partitioning their cotuntry. Whatever misgivings Americans may feel about the new attitude of this country toward the world, and the new daties thereby imposed, there is no difference of opinion about using our new found position to the fullest extent in prevention of the division of China and the enslaving of its people. B The people of this country have submitted patiently to the decree of the Board of Geographical Namies thet natives of the Philippines shall be known as Filipinos; but when the attempt is made to 'fix upon the natives of Porto Rico the name of Puertori- quenos it is time to protest. There are few newspa- pers in the country that can give more than space enough to call them Porto Ricans. Gavernor Allen of Porto Rico in his report to the State Department said the natives are too lazy to do anything except lie in hammocks and eat bananas and yams; yet when he returned to the island they greeted him with processions, fireworks and eulo- giums. Possibly they thought he, was t-ying to com- pliment them on-their repose of manner and absence of worry. About the only thing at the Buffalo exposition that has thus far given rise to much discussion is the speech made by Senator Lodge during the dedication services. It is a warning to Europe to keep out of this hemisphere; and while some say it is patriotism, and others say it is jingoism, all admit it is a great speech. State that shines like a dim and gibbous moon in refl light? Nesmith, Williams and Whitman were all importa- tions. The rank vegetation of that rain belt is still vegetable, and the native Oregonian of note remains to be noted. As we vaticinated a Greek out of phy- | sical conditions of California, we now foretell.the | mermaid of the future as a physical development of | Oregon. She will comb her damp tresses on the mud | bars of the Columbia and Crow Creek, eat raw salmon {and camas root and make fish-eyes at the merman in the spray that wets Oregon City, and the future | population will be hali mutton, half fish. James R. Keene has recently said there is a marked difference between stock speculation and gambling, market while the gambler goes it blind. It will have been noted, however, that when the cinch came in | Wall streét the speculator and the gambler reached the same end in j H the world is engaging so much attention at this time as the strange fact that despite the | enormous balance of international trade in our favor gold is being exported to Europe. Officials of the Government, statisticians and political -economists have offered various 'theories to account for it, but none has been thoroughly 'satisfactory. Every student of the subject of course takés note | of the factors in the problem which arg not recorded \in the ordinary trade statistics. -So many millions are allowed for freights paid to foreign ship-owners, so many for interest and profits on foreign invest- ments in this country, and so many for the traveling | expenses of rich Americans in Europe. These, of course, constitute an immense offset against the trade balance in our favor, but they do not upon even the most, liberal computation appear to account for the whole of it. Consequently it has been calculated that a considerable portion of our profits on exports have been left in European hands because better returns could be had for the money in foreign lands than at home. Until very recently the theory of large cash bal- ances in Europe due to America was generally ac- cepted as accounting for the apparent discrepancies in the trade balance and the various amounts due for freights, interest and traveling expenses, but objec- tions are now being made to it. Some of the leading bankers in New York are reported to be unsatisfied with that explanation anc have pointed out that bank- ing houses having European connections have been and are drawing large amounts of 60 and go day for- eign exchange bills which are in the nature of a loan from Europe to the United States, and are commonly drawn in quantity at this season of the year, to be settled later on, when the surplus American grai[i crops are marketed. If any balances exist abroad, says one of the bankers, the bills drawn would be de- mand bills of exchange and not long bills. In other words, the foreign exchange market at New Yotk ‘is\now in the same state in which we find it when the foreign trade balance is against us, but will soon turn in our favor through the export of newly har- vested crops. . t about the same time. THE DRAIN OF GOLD. ARDLY any feature of the financial situation of apparent balance of trade in our favor is surprisingly large; it is, in fact, enormous. During the past ten months of the current fiscal year the exports of mer- chandise and silver from the United States in excéss of imports have aggregated $607,833,749, against which there has been a net import of only $23,218,586 in gold, thus leaving an unsettled balance in our favor of $584,615,163. Nevertheless the present movement of gold is away from this country to Europe. . One authority attributes the drain to the large num- ber of Americans who live abroad.” Immensely rich inasmuch as the speculator has a knowledge of the | The situation is certainly a curious one, because the- people like the Astors and Martins and the heiresses 'who have married European nobles by no means cause the bulk of the drain. There is a host of people of comparatively moderate means who live most of their time in Europe and draw their revenues from the United States. It is said that in the city of Dresden alone there are upward of 30,000 Americans of th_e leisure class, and in the aggregate the number of such throyghout Europe is very large. It appears from this that the United States is suffering some- what from a species of absenteeism that is causing’ a tremendous drain on the revenues of the country. The suggestion may be only a false alarm, but if our absentees are in truth carrying off such a large portion of our profits it would be well to know it, and it would repay the Government to investigate the sub- ject. Something of a discussion has arisen in England concerning what area is to be considered as London for census purposes. It appears the ancient city of London has but 26,000 inhabitants, the administrative district known as the county of London has'a popu- lation of 4,536,034, while in the area known as Greater London there are this year 6,578,784, From the elas- ticity of the boundaries of the big metropolis it seems likely to be able to keep ahead of New York indefi- nitely, even if it have to annex all England. P s — A NEW TARIFF MOVEMENT. Senator ECAUSE Director of the Mint Roberts, Con- B gressman Babcock of Wisconsin, Beveridge and some other Republicans have at various times expressed a belief that in the near future it will be necessary to revise the tariff in order to adjust it to changes in the industrial and commer- cial world, some of the Democratic leaders and organs who have been looking for an issue ever since the last election have declared in favor of reopening the con- troversy between free trade and protection, or at least of beginning an agitation against the tariff in the hope that it can be worked up into an effective campaign issue and tried out in the Congressional elections next year. It is not surprising that some such scheme should be advocated by Democratic leaders, for drowning men catch at straws, and since neither free silver nor anti-imperialism, nor socialism, nor government ownership nor any other plank in the Bryan platform can be made available in another election, it is but natural they should grasp at the straw that appears to be floating their way along the currents of tariff discussion. They are aware that under the lead of Cleveland they once elected a President on a tariff reform plat- form, but they have forgotten that the experience which the country had with the Democratic tariff has | been sufficient for the rest of this generation, | No tariff, however wisely devised to suit the re- Qquircmcms of a particular time, can be expected to remain unchanged forever. Consequently it is self- cvident that sooner or later tariff revision will have to be undertaken, There is, however, no need for it at this time. ‘In fact, a renewal of tariff agitation, with a resultant uncertainty as to what changes would be made in the existing duties, would do more harm than almost anything else that could befall our indus- trial and commercial system-at this juncture. It is, therefore, nat at all likely that any encouragement will be given by the masses of the people to the mad scheme of renewing the tariff fight. Such changes as from time to time may be advisable @in' the duties must be made by the iriends of protection and not by the men whose tariff tinkering produced the Wilson bill. Strangely enough the only sane leader among the Democrats at this time appears to be Senator Vest, whose erratic and fiery temper has been cooled by age and from whose eyes blinding partisanship has | been removed by his approaching retirement from politics. He was recently interviewed on the subject of the paramount issue for the coming campaign and said: “The issues will be made by the conditions, and the man will be indicated by the issues. The issues may be brought before us in a week. 'They may come in a single day. Wall street may indicate them. Hanna says prices in Wall street are based on actual values. If Hanna is right and the prosperity we now enjoy is continued up to the next election there will be little need for having-any Democratic policy in | 1904.” | That is about as accurate a forecast as can be made. Under any circumstances the Democrats might as well stick to Bryan and iree gilver, or have no policy at all, as to try to win a Presidential election again in this generation on a free trade platform. I The announcement that a brickyard in Alaska is paying better than any of the placer claims in_ the Klondike is not surprising. It is a poor country in which a steady industry is not more profitable than a gamble for gold. ' LIBEL AND STENOGRAPHY. ROM the Maryland Court of Appeals there has Fjust been given out a decision as to what con- stitutes a libelous publication, which is a matter of concern to everybody who dictates letters to be typewritten. ~ The decision is to the effect that dic- tation to a stenographer constitutes a publication, and that if the matter dictated be libelous the author is liable for damages just as much as if the publication had been made through a newspaper. The defense in the case argued that the ‘dictation of letters to be typewritten has now become a part of the ordinary’ business of the world; - that civilization has passed the time when busy men had to write let- ters with pens and by their own hands; that penman- ship has given place to the typewriter, and that let- ters dictated to stenographers should be deemed as private as those formerly written, in the old way". Upon that point, however, the Court of Appeals said: “Neither. the prevalence.of any business customs or methods, nor the pressure of business whicl: compels resort to stenographic assistance, can make that legal whicHt is illega), nor make that innocent which would otherwise be actiorlable. Nor can the fact that the stenographer is under contractual or'moral obligation to regard all his employer’'s commuanications as con- fidential alter the reason of the matter.” Under that rule a man publishes a libel whenever he dictates one to his stenographer, and in- the eye of the law the publication is just as complete as it broadcast. Thesruling is sound not only in law but in justice. It will ‘have the effect of .restraining ill- tempered people who would not dare to openly pub- lish a libel against another, but are quite willing to dictate libelous communications to a stenographer and send them through the mails. The decision of the Maryland court therefore establishes a rule that is not likely to be departed from by the decisions of the courts. of-any, other State, and. persons: who have a | ‘habit of free and it in mind. easy dictation. will do well to bear could be made by printing the libel and circulating it | | —also, like thewft‘:;‘gf PAPERS ON CURRENT TOPICS PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR TraE SAN FRANCISCO CALL. Vast Importance of the Library of Congress in Varied and Complex ' Affairs of the American People. By Herbert Putnam, LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS. (COPYRIGHT, 1901.) XVI—THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. The selections of the books for the li- brary of Congress is determined in vari- ous ways. Certain books come to it by direct gift; certain others (chiefly docu- meénts) through international exchange (fifty coples of all Federal documents are laced at its disposal for exchange with other countries); certain other books ‘(chiefly serial publications) come to it as ithe depositary of the Smithsonian Li- brary; finally, there are the accessions from copyright books, periodicals, maps, music and prints, All the foregqing form _a more. or less constant stream.. They do not represent deliberate selection. The purchases do. ' Various publicatigns are submitted to it by dealers for purchase; various others are considered by it from descriptions. in publishers’ prospectuses and catalogues, and in book reviews. But in addifion there is a systematic growth based upon systematic recommendation. ‘When a cataloguer discovers a gap in a set he makes a recommendation that it be fllled; when one of the bibliographers in_checking over the bibiiograpny of a subject finas lacking in the library works which are necessary to the proper repre- sentation of that subject, he recommends their purchase; when an attendant in serving the public discovers the library to be lacking a volume required for the use of a reader and reasonably within the scope of the,library, he recommends its purchase. The reader also is privi- leged to recommend. The recommendation in each case comes to the Librarian on a card, and when approved by him the card is initialed and, forwarded to the order (purchasing) division. “nat division de- termines where the order is to be placed, whether with a domestic or with a foreign agent or dealer, and the reasonable price to be paid, @nd places the order. The li- brary has agents in the leading book cen- ters abroad—London, Paris, 'Yhe Hague, Amsterdam, Frankfort, Leipsic, etc. The orders that with eaeh correspendent form a consecutive series are consecutively numbered. The price of any item may be doubtful, since four-fifths of the material purchased is material no longer current. it must be picked up as second hand. For the mmoment it may not be in the market. In,this case a request must issue for a quotation and the order is not made defi- nite until a_ quotation has been secured and accepted. Vast Work of Cataloguing. In the library of Congress thirteen per- sons are exclusively engaged in the pur- chasing and receiving division; forty-six in the preparation of the books for’ use, thelr classification and the compilation of the catalogues. The accessions last year numbered 38,110 books and - pamphlets. fhis is in aadition to the manuscrip maps and charts, music and prints, which ard separately dealt with in the several SD i divisions, and of which 34,957 pieces were added to the library in the course of the 1 rear. But in the case of the library of Con- gress there is also pending a huge work in the nature of arrearage. The entire existing collection is to be reclassified on the shelves, a subject catalogue compiled and the cards for this as well as the author cards printed. All the cataloguing is done on cards., This work would alone, it is estimated, require ninety-one persons five years. It is being dealt with by as large a portion of the present force as can be spared froia the work on the current accessions. Work of the Copyright Office. There is one division of the library which is distinct in character and has no paraliel in other librazies. This is the copyright office. It is under a regisier of copyrights, who, under the direction of the Librarian, performs, with a special force, all the duties relating to copyrights. His force now consists of forty-five per- sons, who are exciusively engaged in re- ceiving applications for copyright and the accompanying fees, in making the entries, .and in recelving and recording the various articles deposited. The number of en- tries, and with them the volume of the copyright business in general, grows at the rate of 10 per cent a year. “The entries last year numbered 94,79, the articles de- posited 141,444, the fees received $65,206. The Copyright Office, therefore, earns a revenue to the Government, a net revenue ‘last year of nearly $20,000 over and above its operating expenses—for service, print- ing and stationery. Its operations are in- teresting in detail, but are so distinct in character from those of the library proper as not to be dealt with specifically in this statement. It Is the privilege of the li- brary proper to make requisition upon the Copyright Office for any cooyrighted ma- terial which may be useful to its purpose as a library. What it does not draw re- mains in the flles of the Copyright Office in a distinct portion of the building. Manuscripts of Great Value. The material in the special divisions of the library is preserved and handled ac- cording to its special needs. For the man- uscripts there are not merely special locked cases but steel safes for the collec- tion, which, while not a large one, in- cludes material of inestimable value and irreplaceable. The gollection of the Mar- quis de Rochambeay, for instance, includ- ing 300 manuscri] maps - of the Revolu- tion; the papers of Paul Jones, in twelve volumes; the records of the Virginia com- pany from 1621 to 1682; the journal of ‘Washington on the Braddock expedition, his dlfll’% of the Federal convention, his orderly book at Valley Forge, forty vol- umes of other Revolutionary = orderly books and military journals and various other manuscripts, ineluding the original material for the Force archives, in 365 folio volumes. Among other manuscripts of special note are thirty-six volumes re- cording the testimony as to royalist claims taken before the Commissioners at Halifax after the Revolution. With a few exceptions, the entire collection relates to the eighteenth century. A great many of the individual manuscripts, being frayed and delicate, have to be repaired and re- inforced. Two repairers are constantly at work unon these. The material used is chiefly crepeline, a transparent silk, which is pasted over the face of the manuscript, front and back, stiffening and protecting without ohscuring it. The cataloguing of manuscripts involves not merely an ordinary index, but a cal- endar, which describes the subject matter treated in each manuscript. The calendar of the Washington manuscrints is rcw completed and ready for printing. Other Valuable Collections. The 55,000 itcms in the map division in- clude the largest collection in existerce of maps relating to America, a complete sot | of the Sanborn insurance maps and of the maps issued by the ordnancs survey of | Great Britain, as well as a large collection of mis; elxjanaaus material and atlases. The individual maps are reinforced when nec- essary, being backed with linen, are in- | serted in manila sheets and filed flaf They are classified topographicall¥® and | within each district chronologically. To | identify and produce any particular maps called for is therefore the work of but a moment. The catalogues of the division include besides the main collection an index to the larger portion of the maps, charts | and plans published in books. The music consists chiefly of the materi- al entered for copyright. This already forms a huge mass. Students of music are permitted to examine it even to ihe point .of trying various pieces upon a piano provided for the purpose. A nianola furnished by the | charge—enables to | the pianola musie, which also is manufacturers be t 0] ghted, 4 'FKS' print division includes a huge and miscellaneous assortment of -phctographs, | lithographs and process reproductions. For classic prints it has not much of jm- rtance cept the collection made 'by & aP-?{fl mithsonian deposit. It is also to have tshe very valuable collection formed by the e Jate Gardiner G Hubbard and pre- sented by u‘mfi%., eamurlmp!’m items, among them gg:‘reumflu of . Durer, Ebrayds s masters. n lxmfltfl.l' S in. cases which line three of the great Tooms open to visltors without for- | mality. These exhibits are composed with reference in part to anniversaries or par- ticular occaslons and are changed from time to time. The library is in receipt of 1600 current newspapers and periodicals. Twenty-toree hundred of these are displayed on tables, racks, and open cases in the newspaper- periodical reading room, where they are directly accessible to the public without formality. This room now assembles per- haps the fullest representation in exist ence, in any one spot of the current po- litical literary, scientific and commercial intelligence of the world. It is in fnces- sant use by hundreds of readers. Reading Room for the Blind. The reading room for the blind has a special function and is pursuing a special career of usefulness. It has a collection of books in raised type, maps, music, chatis and modeled relicts. It has, be- sides, examples of the mechanical gontriv- ances for writing the various styles rew current, including point and American Brallle, But it has something more than these. It is endeavoring to exnibit what undertakings may be usefully pursued by the blind and for, this purpose it has a typewriter, telegraph operating instru- ment and a printing press. Eevery secu- lar day except Wednesday during the winter season there {s a readine for the blind given by volunteers; on Wednescay there are recitals. The room has a piano of its own. These readings and recitals benefit the blind of the District of Colum- bia, but their benefit, as the benefit of the room is general, goes much further. It is visited by 30,060’ persons every year, com- ing from all parts of the world. The illus- tration which it offers of what mav be domne for the unseeing is, therefore, taken and applied subsequently In various lo- calities, so that the influence of its work :eaches far beyond the limits of Washing- on. The total number of recorded readers of ordinary books last vear was 123 844. This does not by any means include the entire use, but only the recorded use in the main reading room. Value to the Reference Reader. For reference use the library, in effect from its beginning, has been free to all persons. It is still free, and free without formality. Books for home use are by statute issued only to members of Con- gress and their families, the Justices of the Supreme Court and Court of Claims, the heads of departments, the members Qf the diplomatic corps and a few other designated officials. It is very pessible that the privilege may be broadened in the interest of the higher scholarship. The needs of the ordinary reader of the Dfstrict of Columbia will ultimately be met by the public library of the district, which is to be developed in the new build- ;;15] g)x‘-)avmed by Mr. Carnegie at a cost of The most important service of the li- brery of Congress, as of the British mu- seum, which issuves not a single book be- yond its walls, must be that to the refer- ence reader. For special research read- ers come to it from all parts. No history of the United States, or of American af- fairs, cam adequately be written without some reference to its Shelves. As the col- lection broadens recourse to it will be in- d(llspeensnble in many other flelds of knowl- edge. The maintenance At the National Capitol of a great reference collection is in itself a justifiable undertaking and necessary to the dignity of the United States among civilized natioms. The library of Congress can, however, reach out its benefits in va- rious ways to compensate each locality of the Urited States for its share in its maintenance. It is, as I have stated, al- ready to an extent a bureau of informa- tien for the entire country. "It will make its resources valuable bythe issue of pub- lications which will point out the availa- ble literature on various subjects of public interest. Several such publications have already been compiled and issued. e, for instance, on colonial administration, one on railroad finance, one on marine subsidies, one on canal and railway routes, one on trusts. Work for All the Libraries. It will make generally available the re- sults of its cataloguing work by the dis- tribution to libraries and institutions, at a nominal cost, of the cards which it com- riles and prinis representing a catalogue of the books which it receives. This pro- ject is already determined on, so far as it concerrs the books entered for copy- right. The cost of cataloguing a book and of writing or printing a single copy of the catalogue card is, on the average, not less than 20 or 2 cents. This expense is being borne in repetition by hundreds of libraries taking the same book. e ma- jor part of it consists in the work of the cataloguer and in the composition on the card if printed. This part the national library, having to bear for itself, can un- dertake once for all for the entire coun- try. It can then furnish duplicate copies. of a card to other institutions on the same basis as Government publications can be furnished by the public printer—namely, ress work plus 10 m;r:nre Ty thus i i bi graph! earch and reduce the eXpeuses to locn nstitutions in a way to apply its 4 practically throughout the coun- amount which the nation has in- it is itself an obligation. The }'fn'«'fd..m building have cost $7.000.000. There was appropriated this year for fur- niture and equipment $5,000 and for the inerease of the library $61,000. There is expended $25,000 a year for fuel and sup- Dlies, $67,000 for the service engaged M the care and maintenance of the building and $180,000 in the sefvice of the library proper, not counting $51,000 for the Col . ight Of- fice, which is self-supporting. is also is independent of the allotment for printing and binding, which is taken care of by the Government Printing Office. The Great Libraries of the World. s indicate a purpose to de- e e library into one of the great libraries of the world, commensurate with the building which it occupies. Such emi nence can reached, however, only pro- Vided the general outlay shall, as in the case of the British Museum, be supple- mented by individuals.. Local institutions have the first claim to privaté contribu- tion for land, for buildings, for the ma- terial of popular education. But the na- tional library should have the first clatm With any citizen of the United States who owns material of interest to the highest scholarship, particularly if it relate to the origin and progress of this eountry; or who would endow with a fund for increase a lbrary which will render the hfghes and broadest possible service. he,"‘fi' tion provides a superb building, fi(.u. 2l maintained, renowned now throughous ¢ Any material placed in ti is bul ing will partake of this renown. v 11 secure the. widest possible notic itndwiwill confer the widest possible bene- fi t. e ritain, as a nation, provides m?;fi?ltlcexnfly for the British Museum. Tt has expended as much as $225,000 in a sin- le purchase for the library, even as it gas expended $350,000 in a single purchase for the national gallery. Parliament has recognized that great eminence for these institutions can be secured only by grants of great liberality for material of great distinction. But such grants for the li- brary as for the gallery, so far from dis- couraging private gift. have only served fo stimulate it. The gifts to the museum since its beginning in 1756 have been splen- did in number and quality. Their present value aggregates millions of dollars. The British collector seems to have his highest pride in accumulating books, manuscripts or prints until his collection is matehless of its kind. and then in depositing it in the national library. There it forms a perma- nent memorial to himself as a patron of the highest scholarship. It draws to Lon- don scholars from all over the world. Tt confers a benefit that is actually world wide. It will require a similar p-.\bur; spirit on the part of individual citizens of rge TUnited States to raise the library of ilar eminence. Congress to a § PERSONAL MENTION. Dr. R. Gross of Eureka Is at the Lick. Dr. C. L. Bard of Ventura is at the Pal- ace. W., 8. Dole of Honolulu is at the Cali- for G. M. Whitney of Honolulu'is a guest at the California. J. C. Ruddock, a prominent attorney of UKiah, is at the Grand. W. S. Johnson, chief clerk of the Hotel del Monte, is at the Grand. Walter Scott, a well known real estate man of Selma, is at the Lick. M. H. Durst, a prominent resident of Wheatland, is a guest at the Grand. E. W. Strauss, a wholesale clothing merchant of Chicago, is at the Palace. C. R. Downs, a mining man of Sutter Creek, registered at the Occidental yes- terday. > J. B. Pearsall, a prominent merchant of Eureka, and Mrs. Pearsall are guests at the Palace. s James Dunsmuir, the millionaire coal mar, of Victoria, B. C., arrived at the Palace yesterday. He is accompanied by ‘his wife. e AR AT Best eyeglasses, specs, 10 to #0c. Look out for 81 Fourth, front of barber and grucery.* e et e Cholce candles, Townsend's, Palace Hotel® —_——— Cal. glace fruit 50c per Ib at Townsend's.® Townsend's California glace fruits, 50c a gound. in_fire-etched boxes or = Ja, 'ts. Market, Palace Hotel bul? - Special information supplied dally business houses and public me 2% Press Clipping Bureau (Allen's). $10 gomery street. *Telephone Main 1042 The yellow and red Sg-.nluh flag is the 1dest of any used by the European pow- ors, as it was first flown in 1785, ——— Low Rates and Fast Time to the Pan- American Exposition. Round-trip rate to Buffalo, $57. Time of the Union Pacific Railroad, three and a half days., Tickets on sale at all offices of the Southern Pacific and Unton Pacific Railroad companies. D. W. Hitchcock, general agent, 1 Montgomery street, San Francisco. to. the ont- . ———————— Shake Into Your Shoes Allen’sFoot-Ease,a powder. It makes tight or new shces feel easy. Cures Corns, Bunions, Swollen, ‘Tired, Sweating, Aching feet. 10,000 testimonials. At all drugsists and shoestores, 25c. Ask td-day. Sample free. AddressAllenS.Olmstad, LeRoy, N. Y. et Nervous exhaustion and debility are the effects of a trying summer. Dr. Siegert's Angostura Bitters feed the nerve cells and restore vitality. 00000Q00000C0 THE 000000000800 000000000000 THE SUNDAY CALL My Experiences as a Professional Reggar in San Francisco. BY THOS. STEELE. With a list of the peoplc regarded by the begging Iralernily as «good things.” Is your name on the list2 2 2 ? ? ? HOW TO DRESERVE THE YOSEMITE FROM FIRE THE PASSION PLAY AT THE STATUARY AT THE PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION “FRAT" HOUSES OF BERKELEY, loccocooago o Cfl'boalos