The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, April 10, 1901, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 10, 1901 u,l’e 3. W ..APRIL 10, 1901 JOHN D, SPRECKELS, Proprietor. £ Mlmu~lll Communications to W. 8. LEAKE, Manager, MANAGER' OFFICE PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, S. ¥. Telephone Press 20%. EDITORIAL ROOMS. ....217 to 221 Stevemson St. Telephone Press 202. Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. Single Coples, & Cents. Terms by Mail, Including Postage: DAILY CALL (including Sunday), one year. $6.00 DAILY CALL dincluding Sunday), § months. 1.00 DAILY CALL (ncluding Sundav), 3 month: 1: DAILY CALL—By Single Month. EUNDAY CALL. One Year. WEEKLY CALL, One Year. All postmasters are authorized to receive subscripions. Sample coples Will be forwarded when reguested. Matl subscribers in ordering change of address should be particuler to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order o ineure & prompt and correct compliance with their request. OAKLAND OFFICE.. €. GEORGE KROGNESS. Menager Foreign Advertising, Marquett> Building, Chieago. (ong Distance Telephone “Central 2619.”) NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT: K. C. CARLTON veves...Herald Square NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH. .30 “ribune Building NEW_YORK S STANDS: ‘Waldorf-Astoria Hotel; A. Brentano, 3l Unfon Square: Norrey Hill Hotel. CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: Eberman House: P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel; Fremont House; Auditorfum Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE. ...1408 G St.,.N. W. MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. BRANCH OFFICES—G2T Montgomery, corner of Clay. open unt!l 8:3¢ o'clock. 200 Hayes, open until 2:30 o'z ~J Medllister, open until 9:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin, open unt!l o'clock. 1841 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Markst, corner Sixteenth. open until o'clock. 109 Valencia. open untfl $ o’clock. 106 Eleventh, open until § o'clock. NW. cor- ner Twenty-second and Kentuckv. open until 9 o'clock. AMUSEMENTS. 88 v+22...1118 Broadway Columbla—*More Than Queen.” Central—*‘Ingomar."” Tiveli—The Idol's Bye.” Orpheum—Vaudeville. Alcazar—*“Tennessee's Pardner." Grand Opera-house—*‘Cinderella.” Olympia, corner Mason and Eddy streets—Spectalties. Chutes, Zoo and Theater—Vaudeville every afternoon and evening. Fischer s—Vaudeville. Tanforan Park—Races. AUCTION SALES. By G. H. Umbsen—Thursday, April 18, at 12 o'clock, Busi- mess Property, at 14 Montgomery street. TO SUBSCRIBERS LEAVING TOWN FOR THE SUMMER. Call seribers contemplating a change of residesnce during the summer months can have their paper forwarded by mail to their mew sddresses by notifying The Call !Iullnell Office. This paper will also be on sale at 1 summer resorts and is represented by a local agent im all towss on the coast. SOME ALASKAN COMPLAINTS. MONG the memoranda published in connection fl with the report just issued by the Treasury De- partment at Washington upon the salmon fish- eries of Alaska there zre a number of letters from Alaskan natives urging reforms. Some of these are sufficiently curious to be of general interest, as they throw illuminating side lights upon certain minor problems of the country and its people. Several of the letters urge the Government to have the fisheries closed bn Sunday, so that they may “lead Christian lives and keep the Sabbath day holy.” . One of the writers, who sa is letter “was written in the public of this commun informs the Government official: “The first thing I want to say is this, that all the people whose attention have been called to the fishing business have been working on Sundays since the United States law was changed. God has don€’ all His work during six days, and on the seventh day He did rest; and, therefore, we are to ‘follow His Com- mandments, as long as he puts us in existence. We had an opportunity to do all our work (is needed to be done) during the six days, according to the law. You saw most of the people fishing on Sunday when you came up in Alaska last summer. Almost three- thirds of them do-not want to be in the same condi- tion, because they have tested the law of God and are obeying Him.” . It will be noted that the letter shows, for an Indian, remarkably good command of English. Such devia- tions from the conventional English of our time as occur are quaintnesses rather than errors. In its es- sence that letter, written “in the public of this com- munity” (Saxman, Alaska) is about as good as could be prepared at a public meeting at any village in the United States. The subject of complaint is a curious one, for A. D. Harlan, special agent of the Govern- ment, to whom it was addressed, says in his report: “Wherever I went there were Indians pleading with mie to use my influence to have the closed day changed from.Saturday to Sunday, so that they would not be required to break the fourth commandment. All the cannery superintendents, except one, in Southeastern Alaska said that they thought the closed day should be Sunday, and that they not know why Saturday was ever made the closed dey.” : Another thing of which the natives complain is the destruction of fish. Onc writer says: “We want you to mention this in the public that all the fish in Alaska is getting few year by year by the big canineries are putting up throughout the countries in the State. All our people would have rothing to eat after the fish is gone from each stream in Alaska, as we do not want too many fish boats scnd in one stream at a time. * * * Animals, fish, fowl, gold and others are get- ting few here in Alaska on account of Lig crowd; therefore we forbid too many persons to work at a certain place, especially in a public property. As the people do not want if their children starve to death in a couple of years.” Another writes to complain that the orders of the Government officials are not obeyed. He says: “I was write you up to Wrangel to tell you all abcut the dam across the stream. ’Ihey)wt taking out vet as will you told them. They cut on top the log about six inches dcep—that was all.- I like to hear from you about that case. You not gofng to do anything tuol? Water Light mow, but the salmon can’t go up tihe lake, i hoping you do something with it.” Surely the Government can heed and respond to complaints made with such simple directness concern- ing matters which, if trifling to us, are of great im- portance to the Alaskan natives. There is no reason why the day of closing the canneries should not be fixed for Sunday, as the newly converted Christians desire, nor is there any reason why we stould not protect the fisheries and compel obedience to law. COERCION CF INDIGNS. \ ke il ROM the beginning of this Government the [::Indian tribes have been treated as rations, and the many treatics made with them have been upon exactly the same basis as treaties with any of the nations of the world. 1 Iu this manner treaties were made with the Creeks, Cherokees, Choctaws 2nd Chickasaws, by which they exchanged their lands east of the Mississippi River for land in the Indian Territory, which was to be held as tribal property. These civilized tribes were to be undisturbed in their new possessions, and have worked out their destiny, prospering. individually and flour- ing as tribes. They have many schools and have hed a large number of highly educated men of aftzirs, who have achieved fame. Now, however, their fine territory is coveted by white men. The politiciars of Oklahoma have discov- ered that that Territory can never support a State gov- ernment, and so they want the rich area of the Indian Territory added to it and the whole admitted as a State. The first step in this censpiracy is the relinquishment of tribal title in the Indian Territory. In order to ac- complish this a treaty has been made which the Indians are required to ratify. A majority of the full-bloods are bitterly opposed to it, as are many of the half-castes. The recent outbreak of the Snake band of Creeks was only a mode of expressing opposition to the treaty. The far-sighted men n the four tribes have opened negotiations for a grant of land in Mexico, declaring that they will not live under a government that is fzithléss, but will go to one that keeps its trealies inviolate. These men see the hopelessness of resist- arce, but others, with the fighting bloo-1 of Push-ma- teh-ha in them, do not accept the situation with as much philosophy. These sympathized with the leader of the Snake band, who led a forlorn hope, not to do any illegal violence, but to rouse his tribesmen to ist the conspiracy of the Oklahoma annexers. Ile aud his men, who numbered a large force, surrendered, the prominent ones were taken before the Federal court and the rest were released. Remembering that th: original treaty recognized and 1pupeluated the tribal relation and tribal rights and laws, and that all the Snake leader did was to insist on enforcement of the tribal laws, the subzequent pro- ceedings have a rare interest and should make the American people blush in the dark. The story is told by the Federal Judge before whons these Indians were tried for the-offense of considering the treaty made by Jackson with their fathers a bind- ing obligation on them and the United States. This precious Judge is named John R. Thomas, and kis court sits at Muskogee. Describing tlic proceeding, hie said: “The Snake band of Indians, who resisted tiie enrollment under the Dawes Commission, are now | pcaceable after encountesing a United States Marsha! | and a troop of cavalry. I had 182 of them before my covrt, every man on four different indictments. I gave | them a good talking to. sentenced each for four years and imposed an additional fine of $5000. Then I sus- ! pended sentence, and wained them that they had better | not resist the ratification of the Creek tréaty. The council for that ratification will be held June 2. The Indians are now very tractable.” The Dawes enrollmen{ was a violation of the orig- inz! treaty, and the new one supersedes it altogether. This smug Judge, after crdering four years’ imprison- n:ent and $5000 fine as the penalty of upholding the | existing treaty, suspended sentence on condition that the Creeks will not opocse the new treaty. “The In- dians are now very tractable,” no doubt. By parity of judicial procedure a Federal Judge could have before him 21l the voters of a county and put upon them fine and imprisonment, suspending ser:- tence on condition that they vote his ticket. Have the American people that quality called con- science about them? Has any people ever preceded us with less regard for plighted faith, when it is pledged to the weak, whe cannot resist its violation? ‘We admit that the spectacle is not novel. The cold- tlooded lying in treaties and violation of every prin- ciple of honor in dealing with the Indian tribes have smutted the history of a century. Dishonor has char- acterized every deal and contact with the Indians. The hopeful tribes, which were our trustful allies in war, have fared no better than those which were, our We have treated all alike, with impartial | | enemies. “perfidy and villainy. This is the first time, however, that our judicial establishment has taken a hand in the game of dishonor. ——— The Board of Public Works has been caught again evading the terms and obligations of the civil service Jaw. This distinguished municipal body seems to hava been organized particularly with a view of doing just what it should not do.” Its creator, the Mayor, ought to make a demand upon it to do something wrong. L _REPORTS FROM RUSSIA. Ono\mced with corsiderable detail that Tolstoi had been banished from the empire.” It was told that he had been seen jovrneying toward the frontier under the guard of Cossacks, and a description was given of the party. Furtlicrmore, the cause of his ban- ishment was stated. It was said that one of the mutin- ous students who look upon the great writer as a lcader had attempted to kill an officer of the Holy Synod in revenge for 1Lie action of the Synod in ex- communicating Tolstoi. The whole story had every outward appearance of truth and was widely acccpted as accurate. Unfortunately, a report equally circum- stantial and told with a1 equal show of accuracy came a little later, announcing that Tolstoi wishes to leave Russia, but that Cossacks have been stationed at his home to hold him a prisoner and prevent him from leaving the empire. Doubtless there may be some way of reconciling the two stories, but it will not be worth while to try to find it. It is safest to conclude ‘that the Russian censox- ship and military surveillance combined effectual'y prevent political information from getting out of the empire until the authorities are ready to lct it be kncwn. It is easy to get up reports from Russia, and there seems to be a bureau at Berlin engaged in the business of furnishing them. It is not easy, however,to obtain accurate reports. Whatscever emanates from the land of the Czar is largely based upon rumor meiely. It may be that the men who gather the rumors act in good faith and are sincerely trying to learn what is going on in the big empire, but they have to pursue truth under difficulties. Official information is given ort in whatever way best suits the Government, and is just about as likely to be false as to be true. Other infcrmation coming from secret societies, or from the guurded talk of the pecple is equally subject to sus- picion. Under such circumstances anything iike the w.de and accurate newsgathering, such as goes on night and day in America, Great Britain and Western Europe, is impossible. . 5 One should read reports from Russia in much the same spirit as one reads campaign documents. No doubt the statements contained in them are fairly “within gunshot of the truth,” as the saying is, but it NLY a short time ago reports from Russia an- niust be borne in mind that the range of modern gun- shot is very long. The statement may be within gun- shot of truth and yet be fully a mile away. Reports from Russia, then, must be “averaged.” Most of them are of the kind of news that the American people have learned to look upon as “important if trug.” The question of-the truth of any particular report must be leit for time to develop. Perhaps Tolstoi has been banished; and perhaps he is under guard to prevent him from leaving his home. The only things sure in the matter thus far are that there is such a land s Russia and such a man as Tolstoi, and that each is in a quandary to know what to do with the other. Sincesthe Democrats of St. Louis were successful with a gold Democrat as their candidate for Mayor, Tammany Hall is thinking of profiting by the exam- ple, and the man who is now spoken of as the prob- able Tammany candidgtc for Mayor of New York is I. E. Simmons, president of the Fourth National Bank, who is known to have voted for McKinley. Evidcptly Bryanism has struck a cold soap. ———— THE STATE AND THE WOMAN. ASSACHUSETTS is so fond of discussing /\/\ “problems” that when no other subject is to the front her thinkers turn readily to de- bates on “The Thingness of What.” Just now, how- | ever, they have a subject of profound and solemn interest, and the whole country will wait with interest to learn what is to be the decision. It is a question which affects society in all civilized lands, and which in one form or another has been presented over and cver again, but rarely with such terrible emphasis as has been given to it in the instance that has now not cnly aroused the minds but disturbed the consciences of all earnest men and women in New England. It will be remembered that a short time ago dis- patches from the East reported that a woman living at Coldbrook had killed her six children. To the outer world the story was merely one of those “hor- rors” of the news of the day which are read quickly and then dismissed from the mind. The woman was clearly insane; her act was one done in the frenzy of madness; why think more about it? The neighbors, however, who have known thi woman from her childhood, have found good reasons for thinking a good <cal more about it. Back of the deed of maniac fury there is a story that is darker even than the fury itseli. We learn from our Boston exchanges that Mrs. Narramore, who committed the deed, was known to the people of Coldbrook as an uausually bright and good woman, ambitious for her- self and for her children. Her later life, however, las been one of pove:rty, hardship and ill-treatment. She lived in dread of the poorhouse, and of what to her was worse, separation from her children; aad when that dreaded end was no longer to be evaded, | she went mad and the tragedy resulted. The first question that has arisen so fearfully out of this story was stated by the pastor who preached the funeral sermon.over the children, in the words: “What was the awful process of these years which transformed the innocent, loving mother of these children into such a tragic frenzy that she became the instrument of thei: destruction? Here is for us a study of the evolution of character upon the darkest side!” To that question the pastor himself furnished the, answerby saying: “We all know now, as many of us did not know before, the situation as it has been, and that the environment under which this awful change has been wrought has persisted as one of dire poverty, overstraining toil, deep humiliation to a sensitive nature, disappointed love, as water poured upon desert sands, blasted hopes, until, in despair, the poorhouse and separation from her children were the next steps she must take. The word had just been given her in plain terms, and lo! #s an earthquake of horror we are summoned to the tragedy before us!” The cause of the inisanity being thus explained, there comes then the further question, how far can society and the state be held responsible before the bar of moral judgment. The devoted, ambitious and indus- trious mother through ro fault of her own had been brought to destitution, and then the state stepp:d in and commanded her to betake herself to the poo:- house and leave her children to the control of others. | Is society in any way to blame for such an outcome of this woman’s life struggle? The pastor put the various phases of the problem in this way: “How ought the officers of the law to address themselves to the poor, the unfortunate, as the individual or familics are found within the social order? And what is this social order, or the ‘civil compact,” as we sometimes speak of it, by which the private individual is asked to surrender certain primi- tive or natural rights and ways of self-expression, defense and redress for crushing wrongs? What, too, are the sacred pledges of this social compact to ths vidual which should be carried out to secure li and liberty and the pursuit of happiness, which are ¢ iralienable rights of every aspiring man, woman a child?” Such is the problem now confronting Massachu- <etts, and it is to her credit that she has not shrunk from it. Whether any good result will follow the discussion remains to be seen. It is not likely that any law can be enacted to meet the requirements of such cases, for they are too infrequent to be pro- vided for by statute, but the Massachusetts people might at least learn something from this tragedy of the need of genuine nzighborly fellowship and mutual helpfulness. A very little aid would have saved this woman, and we believe that had she lived in a, Cali- fornia rural community she would have found it. r— THE WORLD’S SUGAR INDUSTRY. ROM the Treasury Bureau of Statistics there has l:just been issued a summary of the world’s sugar’ crop of 1900, togsther with a review of the com- parative output of sugar from cane and from beets {since 1840. The repogt shows that the total heet sugar ontput for that year was 3,050,000 tons and the cane sugar crop 2,850,000 tons; more than two-thirds of the world's sugar supply being thus produced from beets A table, included in the summary, shows the cane and the beet sugar production for each decennial year beginning with 1840, and is interesting because it not only reveals the rapidity with which beet cugar ad- vanced upon, overtook and surpassed the production of cane sugar, but also the remarkable growth in the annual consumption of sugar. The fable is 2s follows: Cnn_er Sugar. Beet Sugar. Total Sugar. ‘ons. Tons. Tons. A% TR 3,633,000 5,702,000 e . 5,950,000 A striking illustration of the increased use of beet sugar is found in the statement taken from the London Statist that but a single factory in all the United King- dom now refines cane sugar, all the others being wholly occupied in preparing for market the raw product of the beet farms of Germany, France, Austria and Russie PAPERS ON CURRENT TOPICS. PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR . THE SAN FrRANCISCO CALL. What American Women’s Clubs Have Done to Supply the Country With Litera- ture in Traveling Libraries. By Ellen M. Henrotin, 3 EX-PRESIDENT OF THE GENERAL FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS. (COPYRIGHT, 1901.) VIIL—-TRAVELING LIBRARIES. At a meeting of the American Library Association, held in June, 18%, F. A. Hutchins of the Wisconsin Free Library Ccmmission said in his address while speaking of the phenomenal growth of traveMng libraries: “This recent de- velopment of the work is due to that powerful factor, the ‘woman’s club.’ In mcst of the States of the Union the Wmnen's clubs are doing more than the librarians in the establishment and spread of traveling libraries. When they first commenced this work it was merely for the purpose of sending special libraries to the weaker clubs, but the possibilities of the new plan as a means of helping women and children of isolated communi- ties have appealed to them.” Mr. Hutch- ins has not overstated the case, and while the traveling library was not originated by the women'’s clubs, they have been the power which is persuading the legislatures of the States to ereate library boards, or free library commissions, and, in States where the machinery already exists, to add to the power of the boards that of in- corporating traveling libraries. At every biennial meeting of the General Federation of Women's Clubs and at every annual meeting of the State federa- tions the library interests of the country or State are discussed, and_in no line of legislative work have the federations done more than in this. In our centennial year the American Library Association was or- ganized, having as its motto, ‘“The best reading’ for the largest number at the least cost.” Since that time State library associations have been formed. The work of popularizing libraries has pro- ceeded at a rapid pace. In 1860 the Na- tional Educational Association invited the co-operation of the American Library As- sociation, and in the same year the United States Government, through the joint committees of Congress, asked the Amer- ican Library Association for suggestions as to the management and scope of the Congressional Library. Thus the Amer- ican Library Association was at once placed in the first rank as an educational power. New York’s First Libraries. New York, in 1893, was the pioneer in establishing traveling libraries as a part of the‘subllc library system. In that State . R. Eastman, inspector of libraries, has them in charge. From the beginning the movement was a_success. In the traveling libraries of New York the books are divided into groups as near- ly equal as possible in the range of sub- Jjects and in literary attractiveness. They are bound in cloth and are packed in a plain oak case, on shelves, with a small drawer with compartments to hold cards, ete. A catalogue goes with each library, and in each book is a card giving in the briefest possible manner its scope and character. Book cards and readers’ cards are supplied, and these cards are returned to Albany with the library.. A library ot 100 volumes can be secured for six months by Pay!gf $ and one of fifty volumes by paying $3. * The State pays for transpor- tation both ways, except where the library is acked for by unregistered clubs, sum- mer hotels or business corporations, when the transportation is paid by the person to whom the library is sent and it can only be retained for three months. The librarfes are sent out under the fol- lowing conditions: First, to public libra- ries, when the trustees and librarians must sign an agreement: second, to com- { munities without public libraries, when the application must be cigred by twenty-five resident tax payers and a resident libra rian must be selected and a trustee, who becomes responsible for the books and their return to Albany; third, to groups of students, who agre2 'to study one sub- ject not less than ten weeks, in whica case a guarantor is required. ‘Women’s Clubs Take a Hand. 8ix years ago the women's clubs began to engage in practical efforts on_State lines, for during the period from 1894 to 1898 all the States had organized State fed- trations. Then the subject of library legis- lation came up at every meeting. TS, Edward Buckwalter of Ohio has been an earnest and eloquent advocate of the free traveling library and at every important meeting of the general federation has urged the State federations and individual clubs to adopt as an integral vart of tlhe Staté work the promotion of traveling li- braries. Not only did she present the ad- vantages of the movement but she told how to carry it on and pointed to her own State as an example. Ohio had a State li- brary of 60,000 volumes, to which only the official class had access. In 1866 by the general library law this library was placea n the hands of a commission, which at once put it in Lhe puwer of any gitizen of the State to secure Jooks upon the same terms as are in force in local public libra- ries. After a conference with the library committee the State federation the State Library Commission agreed to send smail libraries of twenty or forty volumes to clubs, the commission reserving the right to call in the library after one month—a right which has never been exercised—and the club to pay transportation both ways. The club making application for a library sent its year books and books were selected ‘bearing on the loglcs of club study. These libraties were made up of books already on | the shelves, as no apropriation had as yet n made’ for new books. The results have far exceeded even Mrs. Buckwalter’s sanguine hopes. She reports that in Ohio tge traveling library has made possible the country club; that of the twenty-threa libraries first sent out twenty went to Wwomen'’s clubs and two to country neigk- borhoods. As soon as the women in the country found they could ‘secure books they formed clubs; groupa of women would meet, organize and apply for books the same day. Thus through the rural dis {ricts of Ohlo go the libraries, bringing the farmers and their families into touch with all that is best in the literature of the past and the present. There are now 350 travel- ing libraries in the Stete and many free public libraries have bcen established in the smaller towns and villages as a re- sult of the enthusiasm for books wh'ch the traveling library has awakened. Experiences of Iowa“and Michigan. In Towa the success of the library com- mission law passed by tke last Legislatura is attributed to the approval of the meas. ure by the women’s clubs. One thousand dollars was appropriated and fifty libra- ries of fifty volumes each were bought. For these libraries there were 12 applica- ions. g In Michigan the traveling libraries are largely in demand by the grange. It is often sald that the farmers will not read, but certainly the experience of Michigan proves quite the contrary, as does that of ‘Wisconsin, In the latter state the travel- lng libraries are sustained entirely by gifts by individuals and ‘associations. In August, 1888, there were 18 traveling li- braries in the State. In August, 1900, there were 238. They are sent out almost en- tirely to the smaller villages and farming communities. Fifty-four of these libra- ries are under the care of the free library commission. In the work of selecting the books for all the libraries, fn finding places for them, and in training local li- brarians the commission has given its aid and valuable experience. It also col- lected periodicals and distributed them to traveling library stations and poor com- munities in which the commission has found some ““200d people” who keep them circulating. During the last year the com- mission has collected and distributed more than 16,000 copies of such nes as Harper’s, the Century, Scribner’s and Mc- Clure’s, and more 20,000 copies of pors such_as the Youth’s Companion arper's Weekly, Ladies’ Home Journ: and the Gartenlaube. The magazines and papers are keenly appreciated by the ‘armers and by workingmen, who are thus enabled to keep informed in modern sci- ence, modern travel and modern invention. A letter from a woman who lives thir- teen miles from a railway station in a vl}- lage in the forests of northern Wisconsin and u:y‘hgv has the traveling li The work hard all day the magazines and pic- ;)“rek papers are more liked than the 00ks.” Wisconsin’s Many Libraries. Mr. Stout of Dunn County, Wisconsin, has established at his own expense a sys- tem of traveling libraries. All he asks of the people is to form local library asso- ciations and return the books in good con- dition. Mr. W. D. Wister of Wood County | and Mrs. Schaffer of Chippewa County have done the same. The ex-president of the Wisconsin Federation of Women's | Clubs, Mrs. Charles G. Morris, has been for four years a member of the free | library commission, and through her in-| fluence the federation has supported many traveling libraries, as well as founded several free - public libraries. The Woman's Club of Wausau has fitted up fourteen traveling libraries for the small | towns and farming communities of Mara- thon County. Not the least of the advantages of such libraries is, the effect on the social life of the pecple. Whenever a library arrives | the entire community gather together and talk books: quite a new experience to them and in itself a great gain. At a meeting of a State federation the follow- irg story was told: “The wife of a poor farmer assumed the care of a traveling library. The farm was situated at the cross roads, and was therefore convenient for borrowers. The farmer was an ol man, broken down by illness, and could do. but little work. There were no chil- dren to help and the wife did the best she could to keep things going and to | earn a living out of the farm, but it was | uphill work. The woman loved books and | eagerly requested that she might have | the privilege of being eustodian when in- | quiry was made for some one to assume | charge of the library. From that time | her affairs began to improve; as the farm- ers stopped for books they would discuss | with her the farm work, and they be- | gan to take an interest in the place. Sh had great difficulty in securing a compe- tent man to help in the busy season. One | of the largest farmers in the neighbor- | hood assumed the responsibllity of keep- ing_her supplied with capable help and he himself would oversee the work in the outlying fields for her. ‘he women who came aiso took an interest and remem- bered her sick husband when cooking anything especially good. As she was a great reader and had excellent judgment, she became the adviser of the children who came .or something to read, ‘they | did not know what.’ When evening came, her out-of-door work finished, her sick now on at full tide. plans. acter of entertainment. Apply 4 New Montgom- ery st., city, for special ticket. husband made comfortable, then was her | hour of delight. She never allowed her- self but one hour of reading, fearing it | would interfere with her needéed rest, but | that one hour brought courage and cheer- | fulness into her life, and as she. touch- | ingly said to her visitor: ‘It is all changed. | I have company in people and in books. | I can work, for I am never too sad to | work now. It has even made short the | long, dark winter days I used to dread | so much. It is all changed.'” Benefits for the Children. | Among children the traveling libraries | are opening up a new life also. Some of them, especially those selected for the re- mote districts, have been chosen with spe- | cial reference to the needs and wishes | of the little people. Good pictures and | photographs are sent out with these books, | illustrating them. Pictures are very nec- essary to arouse children’s interest. They learn more through seeing than reading. This is especially true of children who have been deprived of books and have not formed the reading habit; it is only by interesting them in pictures that they can be brought to read the printed page. Several of the library commissions pub- lish bulletins which give instructions to women’s clubs how to mount pictures, their proper sefection. use and care; also giving lists of desirable cheap prints. In the Delaware federation the State library committee was given $100 to buy books. After two years 'work the com- mittee reports twenty-six libraries trav- eling from school to school and from vil- | lage to village. The federation of Kansas has success- fully carried forward a traveling library system until it became a State/ institu- tion, the last Legislature providing rooms for headcuarters, a secretary and an ap- propriation for books and expenses. The president of the State federation is, by virtue of her office, a member of the new State Library Commission. The federa- tion turned over to the State 3000 books and forty shipping cases. The Maine Federation of Women's Clubs has secured the enactment of a law creating a State library commission and also a bill to, establish traveling libra- ries. Forty traveling libraries have al- ready been sent out. Minnesota has also seeured a State library commission. In Missouri the State federation has started the traveling Hbra- ries. There are forty of them, and the demand far exceeds the supply. They are sent into the remote districts of the State and secure a warm welcome wherever sent. This federation has also inaugu- rated traveling art galleries on the same plan; the enterprise is in its infancy, but the committee having it in charge is hope- ful of its success. Theé president of the federation of Oklahoma Territory and In- dian Territory writes that “through the efforts of the clubs twelve libraries have been founded in the two Territories.” Books for the Mountaineers. The most unique phase of this work Is its development under the fostering care | of the State Federations of Kentucky, Tennessee and Georgia, among the moun- tains of those States. Owing to the lack of transportation facilities it has required great perseverance and courage on the part of the clubs, but they have won the day und overcome all obstacles. In Ke: tucky there are fifty-five libraries in cir- culation in the mountains, averaging fifi;- five volumes to the box—nearl The books are labeled, num ; jogued ana supplied with the customa bookmarks. History, fiction, travel, poe(- ry, blography, the monthly periodicals and books for children form the bulk of each box. The railroads in Kentucky ar- ranged to receive and bill free all trav- eling librarfes to the mountains; the roads. also ‘sent directions to the library com- mittee for the routes over which the libra- rles must pass. This federation has also made a beginning (oward the traveliag icture library. The jccal committee of Poulsville collected half-tones of scenery, noted people, colored orints of children, flowers, fruits and birds, copies of the old masters, artistic calendars and, above all, reproductions of World's Fair views. These were mounted oa gray cardboari, each finished with a brass eyelet for hang- ing. They were packed in lots of thirty- five each and sent with the ten boxesleav- ing Louisville. These fiictures are for'fraa distribution by the librarian who has charge of the case in each district. A resi- dent of the county is selected as librarian —a clergyman, a school teacher, the prin- cipal merchant of the town or soma woman who is sufficiently interested in the movement to allow the use of her home. As nearlg as vossible the plan of the committee has bBeen carried out—to have a circuit 1 each county with the county seat as a distrib- uting point, but outside the county seat the libraries olaced in mountain schools, churches, post 5 homes, showing how general is the inter- est in the work. There are now centers in nineteen of the thirty-one mountain counties. A list of the most popular books for tgze liut {fiarul,u slvenl.“:;ls interesting ag showing the cosmopal redi 5% the motintain people: . D coections B ecianly St Nicholns. | “Elekwich Sae 5 . | ““Plel James Lane Allen’s B Bt stores and ‘books. “‘Aesop’s Fables.” “Vicar of Wakefleld. “Swiss Family Robin- son. ex-president of the Tennessee fed- | land, Cal. once. Johnny, I'‘m asham was of your age I could read twice as well as you can. I sail into that grub treatment _fer me dyspepsy! orter do it, Bill. about yer dyspeosy, an’ if we clean out the bein’ in this job.—Harlem Choice candies, Townsend’s, Palace —_——— Press Clipping Bureau (Allen’s), 510 gomery street. Telephone Main 1042, crop of India is 184,000,000 bushels, 255 000 liver oil. eration, Mrs, Beard, writes: “We have prepared a_traveling lbrary bill. which we hope will pass the next Legislature. Last vear we had iwenty-five ‘raveling libraries. They have gone in many direc- tions over the State where books were few and were greatly appreciated. One libra- ry of sixty-five volumes has just been sent to an East Tennessee mining camp, where it is eagerly awaited.” PERSONAL MENTION. J. R. Foster, a hotel man of Marysville, is at the Lick. ¢ b J. B. de Jarrnatt of Colusa is a guest at the Oceidental. Ansel M. Easton and wife are staying at the Palace. Thomas W. Patterson, a banker of Fres- no, is at the Lick. T. W. Mather of Napa registered at the California yesterday. W. H. Clary. & mining man of Stockton, is a guest at the Lick. W. H. Nichols, a capitalist of Courtland, is a guest at the Grand. Dr. F. R. Fisk of Spokane is spending & few days at the Grand. Percy Henderson, an attorney of Elko, Nev., is at the Palace. John L. Hudner, a merchant of Hollls- ter, is a guest at the Lick. C. J. Hulton of Los Angeles is spending a few days at the Palace. H. A. Jastro, a capitalist of Bakers- field, is a guest at the Grand. 0. M. Oliver, a merchant of Merced, is staying for a few days at the Lick. Frank K. Wilson, an attorney of Los Angeles, is staying at the California. Louis F. Breuner, a merchant of Sacra- mento, registered at the Grand yesterday. R. N. Peck, a member of the Stanley Rule and Level Company of Newport,, Conn., is a guest at the Occidental. A. B. Spreckels, whose recent illness confined him to his rooms in the Palace Hotel for a number of days, is rapidly mending. He was strong enough yester- day to take a carriage ride to the ocean beach. CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. | 9—The following NEW YORK, Apri | californians are in New York: From San Francisco—J. W. Bayken, at the Marlbo- rough; A. M. Ellsworth, at the Astor; S. Hyman, at the Savoy: H. N. Stevens, at the Grand Union: D. S. Bachman, at the | Normanadie; A. Goldbey, at the Grand; M. Meyerfield, at the Hoffman; 8. H. Tracy, at the Imperial. From Los Angeles—C. W. Jenks, at the Broadway Central. —_——— AT HOTEL DEL CORONADO the season is American and European Best of everything, including the char- ANSWERS TO QUERIES. . W., Oakland, Cal. HARRISON—H. The late Benjamin Harrison visited Calf- fornia while he was President of the United States in April, 1891 PILOTS—H. A. W., Oakland, Cal. Pilots who go outside to board Incoming vessels go out in pilot boats. They do not “go in steamboats or steam launches.” KING GEORGE COIN—H. A. W., Oak- land, Cal. As you do not describe the King George coin you desire information about, it is impossible to state if it com- mand$ a premium. JUSTICE McKENNA—H. A. W, Oak- Joseph McKenna of California is not Chief Justice. of the United States Supreme Court. Melville W. Fuller of Illi- nois is. Justice McKenna was appointed by President McKinley December 16, 1897, BOOKS—Doubt, City. Those who are qualified to judge do not condemn *‘Vanity Fair,” by Thackeray. and “Expatriates.’” by Lillian Bell, as ““books unfit to be read by good people.” The books are not de- nied place in tke best libraries. INSURANCE ON VESSELS—H. D. B., City. A person desiring “to invest in re- insurance on overdue vessels should ap- ply to the marine insurance company that has the insurance on the overdue vessel. There ail particulars will be furnished. A DINNER GUEST-J. A. D., City. Guests to a dinner should not leave as soon as the dinner is over, nor should their stay be prolongea more than two hours after. When the dinner is over the hostess looks at the lady on the right of the host, and both rise, which is a signal for a return to the drawing-room in the order in_which they were seated at the table. When the proper time comes the guests should rise, make their adieus to the hostess and give a parting bow to those not quite ready to go (more is not | necessary unless there is a desire to pay some special mark of respect to an old person or a guest in the house) and walk out. then sit on and on, making no move to Never begin talking about going and carry out the intention expressed. When once up do not stand and talk with the hostess, keeping her standing, but go at It is not “the duty of the hostess to hunt up a guest who has announced his intention of taking his departure, bid him adieu and thank him for his visit.” It is the duty of the guest to go to the hostess, thank Eer an: without unnecessary del d bid her adieu, all —_——————— A CHANCE TO SMILE. Schoolmistress (to dull little boy)— ed of you. When I Johnny—Yes'm, but you had a different teacher from what I've got.—Cleveland Leads er. ““General MacArthur says the continued resistance in the Philippines is due to ethnological homogeneity." “Well, we'll overcome it; but; I must say, I never supposed we'd run up against anything like that.”—Puck. First Burglar (in the kitchen—Wouldn't if I wasn't under Second Burglar—That's just why youw'd All the detectives knows provisions they'll never suspect you of Life. ———————— Hotel.* Cal. glace fruit 50c per 1b at Townsend’s.* —_——— Special information - suppiied dally to business houses and public men by the jont- B — s It is officially estimated that the wheat against 000 last season, and 227,000,000 the average of five years past. NQT COB-LIVER OIL but Scott’s emulsion of cod- They are not the same; far from it. Scott’s emulsion is cod-liver oil prepared for the stomach. Let cod-liver ¢il alone if you need it. . When your physician orders toast, do you breakfast on flour? Pure cod-liver oil is hard to take and hard to digest. A man that can keep it down, can saw wood. He thinks he is s’ck; he is lazy. We'll send you a Tittle to try if you like. SCOTT & BOWNE, 4op Pearlstreet, New York.