The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, April 9, 1901, Page 6

: THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, APRIL 9, 190 e The 255 Call. | iCESDAY ....... S S5 o Forsps .....APRIL o, 1901 JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. G W GRS e Aéddress All Communiestions to W.8. LEAKE, Manager. NMANAGER’S OFFICE. .......Telephone Press 204 | o hetdion 7 s g e PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, S. F. Telephone Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS.....217 tn 221 Stevenson St. Telephone Press 202, Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. single Coples. 5 Cents. Terms by Mail, Incinding Postage: PATLY CALL (includf; unday), ene ve: TAILY CALL ¢including Sunday), 6 months. DAILY CALY, (including Eundav), 3 months. DAILY CALL—By Single Month FUNDAY CALL. One Yea W ¥ CALL, One Year. postmasters are nuthorized to receive | subscrir‘ions. forwarded when requested. Mafl subseribers In ordering chanze of mddress should be | rartictlar to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS fn order | 1o insure a prompt and correct compliance With their request. | OAKLAND OFFICE e €. GEORGE KROGNESS. | Hanager Foreign Advertising, Marqustts Building, Chissgo. (Long Distance Telephone “Central 2618."') | NEW YORK CORRESPONDENT: €. C. CARLTON.....cc000es000+0.Herald Square | NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: | STEPHEN B. SMITH 30 “ribune Bullding | NEW YORK NT S STANDS: Waldor-Astoria Hotel; A. Brentano, 81 Union €quare; | Nurray Hil Hotel | CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: | Eherman House: P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel: | Premont House; Auditorium Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE....1408 G St., N. W. | MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. { URANCH OFFICES— Montgomers, corner of Clay, open | uotl] 9:3¢ o'clock. 300 Hayes, open until 9:30 o'clock. e | McAllister, open until 9:30 o'clock. €15 Larkin, open unt!l | #:20 o'clock. 1841 Mission, cpen until 10 o'clock. 2261 Markst, | corper Eixteenth, open until § o'clock. 109 Valencla, open i unt!] § o'clock. 106 Eleventh, open until 9 o'clock. NW. cor- second_and Kentucky. open until 9 o'clocl | | AMUSEMENTS. [ ‘ 5e | .18 | .00 A1 €ample coptes will b <e...1118 Broadway bia—*More Than Queen.” rpheum—Vaudeville. Alcazar—*‘Tennessee's Pardner.” ‘Cinderella.” son and Eddy streets—Specialties. Theater—Vaudeville every afternoon and Vaudeville | . Park— AUCTION SALES. Co.—Tuesday, April 8, at 11 o'clock, 2 Market street. | bsen_Thursday. April 15, at 12 1¢ Montgomery street. & at o'clock, Busi- T0 SUBSCRIBERS LEAVING TOWK FOR THE SUMMER. Cal: subscribers contemplating a change of residesce during the summer months can have their puper forwarded by mail to their new addresses by motifying The Call Business Office. This pupcr will also be on sale at all summer resorts and is represented by a local agent in aill towss on the coa & WRONG WITHOUT @ REMEDY. | HE decision of the State Supreme Court in the e brought Wells, Fargo & Co. to ompel it to pay its war taxes possesses more ificance than will probably be attached to it by the ual newspaper reader. On the surface it appears that, according to the judgment of the tribunal of last recort in this State, the war revenue act of 1808 im- ng bills of lading, receipts and c against yses the duty of stampr: ing by necessary consequence that the corporations 1d pay for the stamps. This ruling is in accordance with rulings made by cther courts all over the land. In the celebrated case of the American Express Company, cited as authority in the proceeding under dikcussion, the Supreme Court of the United States took the same view, but added the saving clause that there was nothing in the revenue act to prcvent the express companies ifting the burd(z‘l of the tax by an increase in their rates. . So Justice of the Peace Barry and Superior Judge of this city, Judge Tuley of Chicago, the Su- preme Court of Michigan and other tribunals and judges who have passed upon this proposition all took a correct view of the law. The proceeding in tha United States Supreme Court was evasive in character, ard under it the express corporations of the country micrely managed to create a loophole for their escape. But the moral obligation of paying these stamp s still rests upon Welis, Fargo & Co. and the ipatriotic corparations which united with it i:suing them, it follo fter the passage of the law in open defiance of the | It is estimated that in this State alone Sovernment. \Vells, Fargo & Co. has collected from its customers | between $8060 and $10,000 per month in stamp taxi Rates were not increased to cover this amount, but | the corporation insoleatly defied the law and refused 1o perform its duty as a common carrier unless its customers paid for the stamps. A meaner and more unpatriotic position was never taken by a grasping corporation than this. These stamps were issued to pay for maintaining a war | against a foreign power, through which the United States has acquired a vast area of territory, over which in due time the express companies of the country will extend their lines, and from which they will derive revenue. Vet these tax shirkers have delibprately refused to bear their share of the burden of this war, and on the contrary have employed tricky lawyers throughout the covntry to utilize the processes of the courts in stand- ing off litigation designe. to make them perform their duty. It is a safe estimate to say that Wells, Fargo & Co. has profited in this State by its contumacious- ness to the extent of a quarter of a million dollars. If it were possible to institute some proceeding compelling this corporation to return this money to s customers, we would favor immediate action. But t seems there is no remedy for the wrong. The tax cer has the money, and its patrons who paid it can istle. w A city ordinance prohibiting persons without a license to “hold up” buildings has been declared un- constitutional by the Superior Court. Unsophisticated strangers should not understand from this, however, t the barriers have been removed against “holding noffensive citizens or unsuspecting visitors. oy SR g The local postai clerk who must serve one year in prison for stealing $5 from the Federal Government should have remembered what every one else seems to know—that Uncle Sam never forgets any one who robs him, | printer; ther contracts of carriage upon the express company | However, another time, when necessity for | stamp duties arises, Congress will be on its guard. 1 CONGRESSMZN ON CUBA. RE we not in danger of a slight surfeit of Con- fl gressional information and views about Cuba? The country had a deal of the same sort before | the Spanish war. It was the means of drawing us inta that enterprise and of launching us upon the sea of | troubles whereon we are now drifting with no sails to speak of, rudder gone, compass magnetized, and chro- nometer out of order. If the kind of information that is being furnished by Congressmen now had been furnished then, there would have been no war, and if the kind we had then were furnished now, there would not be ahead of us the prospect of more trouble. If the truth is told by Congressmen now, the Cengressmen then did not teli the truth. * Congress adjourned on March 4. In that brief time parties of Congressmen have visited Porto Rico and Cuba and have returned wise in knowledge of the whole situation. : One of them says he doubts the safety of capital in Cuba, and he finds the best people do not want inde- pendence, and that those who do are not the best peo- ple and are merely looking for office. Another says the people are not fit nor ready for self-government. Another distinguished Senator returns and hastens to say that it is only a matter of time when the island will be annexed, and that the present constitutional convention is not a iepresentative body. The best people want annexation, as do a vast majority of the- American people. A Democratic newspaper, which plays Jekyll and Hyde with the administration, admits that these Con- gressional views are in notable contrast to the Con-' gressional views of three years ago. The official pilgrims then saw through their emotions and found lieroes, warriors and pztriots. But the present “en- Iightened and honorable members” find “the respect- able classes” desirous cf annexation and opposed to independence, while the rest of the people are a lot of predatory riffraff, who have none of the culture and respectability of the island with them. Turning to the Congressional reports and speeches of three years ago we find that the “wealth and cul- ture,” the best and most respectable people of Cuba, were therein denounced as sordid supporters of Spain, while the rest of the people, now denounced as preda- tory riffraff, were gasping on the point of a spear and dying for liberty. Those who survived are now derounced as being for independence merely to get | office, a motive that mus: be abhorrent to every Amer- ican politician. In behalf of our own countrymen and the national honor, we protest against this new installment of offi- | cial information and views. The record of man's aspiration for liberty and inde- | pendence is not the biography of “the best classes,” as | now understood. American independence was aspired to by Thomas Paine, the staymaker; Franklin, the Knox, the stationer’s clerk; Putnam, the farmer, who plowed his stony fields with oxen and cculd hardly write his name, and by John Stark, 2 clodhopper; Nathan Hale, a poverty-smitten teacher; Ethan Allen, » rude woodsman; and the plain pecple endured and suffered for liberty, while the | hest people who shared their lot could be counted on the fingers. Those of culiure’and refinement, of wealth aud respectability, were Tories, enemies of their coun- try and allies of Great Britain. A It has been so always. The English revolution which destroyed the royal prerogative was led by a brewer and was fought out by a lot of psalm-singing cartmen. Masinello was a Neapolitan fisherman, Schamyl was a gountaineer, and Ypsilanti was a vine dresser. The future deliverér of Russia will probably be the grandson of a serf, and certainly not of a bayard. The law of liberty, the universal statute of indepen- dence and seli-government, is written in the hearts of such people in Cuba. Such hearts have always been the tablets which have borne its inscription. If we are geing to break faith and lie to the world in the Cuban | scttlement, as we have been lied to either three years | 2go or now, let us do it Ike bold buccaneers, declaring | that we propose to take the island and exploit it be- cause we want it in our business, and disregard the aspiration of the people for liberty. The pirate sleeps sweeter over his spoil, rockcd_ in the cradle of the deep, than the hypocrite who sinks to rest after even- ing prayers. PROGRESS IN PORTO RICO. OVERNOR ALLEN of Porto Rico, who has G just gone to Washington for the purpose of | cohsulting with the President, gives a good ac- cornt of affairs in the island and describes the condi- tions of the people as most promising. They appear, to have made marked progress, not only in the various lines of industry, but in those of civil government; and the prospects are that we shall not have any seri- | ous problems to deal with in governing the country. It is, of course, to be expected that the Governor would make a favorable report of what has been doue urder his own direction, and something must be alloed for the inevitable bias in the mind of a Gov- ernor speaking of the results of his own work. When | cuch allowance has been miade, however, there remains { enough in the Governor’s statement to justify the hopeful view he takes of the situation. He is able to y: “The civil government established in Porto Rico working smoothly. The various departments have been organized and our administration is seemingly ing general satisfaction. In a material way thers has been wonderful progress, Most of the land not | under cultivation under the old regime has been taken up and made profitable. * * * Tn the old estab- | lished industries there has been great improvement in all except coffee growing and production.” Concerning the Government itself the Governor says the adminisfration has desired and has sought to | obtain the co-operaticn of all good citizens. It is ircquired of those who aspire to insular offices that they “be loyal to the American Government, and thar fitness for office with such loyalty be the fundamental requirement rather than the indorsement of some pelitical leader.” 5 Concerning the fitness of the native office-holders the Governor does not say much. That woulg seern to be a subject which the Governor thinks should not be discussed just now. The islanders are not used to American methods of procedure and will have to learn. We must not expect too much at the start. It happens, however, that we have information upoa that phase of government in the island from another source. The New' York Post recently published an account of the Porto Rican courts given by W. T. Abbott, who is described as a lawyer of eight years' | standing, and who for eighteen months has been a resident of Porto Rico. According to that statement | the insular courts are ignorant and corrupt, and the Judges “decide entirely in the interest of the party who brings most influence to bear either in money o.r otherwise.” Mr. Abbott is quoted as saying: “To my personal kaowledge, last year, when there were five Porto Rican Judges on the bench and a case was pending over a valuable water-power privilege, it developed that two of the five Judges had been retained as coun- sel on one side of the case and had given opinions, and two on the other side, and under those circum- stances it is not difficult to understand how the de- cision of the presiding Justice was to be given. Now, that is not regarded in Porto Rico as anything out of the way. It is according to custom which has beea in daily practice there always.” g Upon that showing it is clearly the duty of the United States to establish honest courts as soon as possible. That appeats to be-the| chief need of the island just now. The natives seem to be peaceable enough. Governor Allen says: “Some disturbances Liave occurred, but never with such serious results as have often occurred in the United States barroom brawls. Hooting and howling crowds on the streets, 2 few stones thrown, some rattling of sticks along ie palings have been sufficient fo occasion sensa- tior:al cables to the north, which| though promptly denied, have been circulated to the discredit of the island.” Considering the whole subject it may be said Porto Rico is in good condition, and is in a fair way to make rapid progress. Up to this time, therefore, we lave no reason to regret that we annexed the island, nor have the islanders any cause for complaint against the manner or the meaning of our Government. ABOLISHING OLD LAWS. N addition to their distinguished efforts in the way lcf enacting new reforms by statute, several of the Eastern Legislatures have made notable efforts at reform, not by making more laws, but by abolishing or amending old ones. Some of these efforts are de- serving of general attention. We may not care to follow the example set in the East, but it will be inter- esting, at least, to note what the Solons of that section are doing. The Minnesota Legislature has virtually- abolished life-imprisonment by, the enactment of a parole prisoa law, which provides: “No convict who is serving under life sentence shall be paroled until he shall have senved under such senterce thirty-five years, less the diminution which he would have been allowed by law for good conduct had ke been sentenced fog a term of thirty-five years.” It is said one of the effects of the law will be the release under parole of the notorious Younger brotii- ers, whose criminal expioits were once the sensation of the time and are not yet wholly forgotten. The Youngers have been in prison for twenty-four years, and, with the allowance of one-third time for good conduct, which they have under the Minnesota law, | and which they are said to have earned, they are now _entitled to parole. Another bill affecting punishment for crime passed the New York Assembly some days ago and is re- ported to have a fair chance of enactment. The meas- ure has been described as a bill to abolish capital pun- isnment. It provides that murder in the first degree shall be punishable by death or by imprisonment for life, and murder in the second degree by imprisonment for life or for a term of niot less than thirty years, and the jury in every case is required to accompany its verdict with a recommendation to the court stating its preference as to the alternative penalties, the final choice between them resting with the trial Judge. The bill is regarded as a virtual abolition of capital punishment, because it is believed a jury would never, except in very atrocious cases, recommend the death peralty, and a Judge would Hardly set aside a solemn expression of a jury in favor of the lighter punishment, The enactment of the measure would thus by indirec- tion accomplish nearly all that the opponents of cap- ital punishment desire. Strangely enough, the matter Las not attracted much attention. The bill was passed in the Assembly by a vote of 94 to 26, and we learn from our New York exchanges that the passage came as a surprise to the putlic, as few fieople were aware that any such measure was under consideration. A still more curious proposal in the way of abolish- ing old customs is before the Ncw Yorkers. There has been introduced into the State Senate a bill entitled, “An act to diminish the losyof votes on third party candidates and to promote election by majority.” The bill provides for permitting the voter to specify a second choice on his ballot, so that if the first choice be defeated the second clioice will count. It is argued, by way of example, that when the good citizens of New York city were divided in their votes between Seth Low and General Tracy, thus permitting the Tammany candidate to become elected by a minority of the people, they would have been able to elect either Low or Tracy had they been permitted to indicate their second choice. \ This measure is so much of an innovation upon existing methods of voting in this country that its ‘passage is not likely; but it has had the effect of rous- ing a good deal of discussion on the subject, and in the end something msy be done to put an end ¢o minority rule. It appears that in New York, at any rate, the “third party” has become a political nuisance. According to the latesi tally the number of Filipino leaders now on our hands is large enough to form 2 good-sized troupe. Among them are Aguinpldo, Trias, Mabini, Artemi> Ricarte, Pio del Pilar, Maxi- mo Hizon, Mariano Llanera and Francisco de los Santos. . Of a lesser rank are such men as Macario de Ocampo, Esteban Consortez, Lucas Camerion, Julian Gorona, Pedro Cubarrubias, Mariano Barruga, Hermogenes Plata, Cernelio Requestis and Fabian Villariel. It will be seen that if each of these patriots be a “white elephant” Uncle Sam has a menagerie. - A Philadelphia chemist after analyzing the drinking water of that _city estimates that in the 280,000,000 gallons delivered every day there are 500 tons of sclids, composed of cighty tons of sewage and gar- bage matter, fifty tons of coal dust and 370 tons of clay, lime and oxide of iton. With a daily consump- tion of such stuff it is no longer strange that Phila- delphia should be noted for its solid men. The United'States Treasury Department has decided to force the Pacific Mail Steamship Company to pay a heavy fine for permitting coolies to escape from the Cetention shed in this city. The national authorities have -evidently reached the conclusion that the fund of morality of spme people is to be found only by tapping their pockets. < By way of keeping pace with the competition of the educated workmen and commercial agents of Ger- many, Great Britain is thinking of establishing a com- prehensive system of technical education. But what will she be able to do to keep up with the native born enterprise of the American? The April showers are coming all right to start the May flowers for McKinley. Even the weather stands in to n.nke things bright for the advance agent of prosperity. : The famous trial of the Contra Costa Water Com- pany has closed in the courts of Oakland. It is now safe to assume that the litigation has commenced. % X Marvelous Progress by Germa g Years of DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL ECON VIIL—GERMAN Of the fourteeri nations controlling the colonies, protectorates and dependencies of the world, Germany stands third as regards the area of the territory subject to her control, and fourth as regards pcpulation. In both respects Great Brit- ain leads, the total area of her posses- slons of this character being . 11,187,000 sSquare miles, and their population 356,- 781,000. France comes next with an area of 3,304,000 square miles and a total pop- ulation of 50,372,000. Third in .respect to population come the colonies of the Neth- erlands, with 31,717,000 in an area of but 630,000 square miles; while Germany’'s col- onies and spheres of influence comprise an area of 1,025,000 square miles and a population of over 11,000,000. But, while Germany stands third as regards area and fourth as regards population, it must i not be forgotten that she was the last to enter the field of colonization, having gained political control of all her colonial puessessions since 1884. Early Colonization by Germans. The modern movement for colonization in Germany has taken place entirely Wwithin the last quarter of the century just past, and is a result, to a very large extent, of the unification in 1871 of the various independent German states into a ny in the Last Twenty-Five By Dr. John E. George. PAPERS ON CURRENT TOPICS. PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR THE SAN FRraANCISCO CALL. Made in Colonization Activity. OMY, NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY. (COPYRIGHT, 1901.) .. COLONIZATION. it is estimated that about 3,500,000 persons | emigrated from Germany, while during the comparatively short period of twenty years, from 1871 to 1891—the period when the new colonization movement was fast taking hold—nearly 2,000.000 of the popula- tion left to improve their. condition in newer countries. The great mass of these people came to the Unijted States, though considerable numbers went to Australia, South Amer- ica and the Cape. This great movement of population from Germany was a heavy loss from a national point of view. More- over, in the case of those who went to English colonies, Germany not only felt the loss to herself but regarded the gain to England, her political and social rival, with great jealousy. To find new terri- tory to which these emigrants could be turned and to maintain in them a spirit of nationality and allegiance to their na- tive land was the first great motive lead- ing to colonization. Germany’s Industrial Revolution. | But in the meantime there have been other considerations bearing in the same direction. During the last quarter cen- tury there has been going on in Germany an industrial revolution not unlike the in- dustrial revolution which took place in England at an earlier period; from beinz chiefly an agricultural nation with small { industries Germany has been becoming more and more a manufacturing nation. + — | a— There had been frequent | attempts at colonization by. German ad- venturers during earlier periods. Ger- man settlements existed on the coast of Africa more than 200 years ago.* Still ear- ships from Brandenburg found their | Way to the west coast of Africa in quest | of slaves and gold, and Brandenburgers, together with the Prussian company of Emden, finally managed at the close of | the seventeenth centuhy to establish a fecthold on the Gold Coast. As early as | 1681 the Brandenburg merchants had -or- | ganized for purposes of trade in Africa the Brandenburg African Companyh but Dby 1720, distracted by_guarrels at home, it had abandoned its West African enter- | prise. Again, In the early '40s of the ast century, Germany gave some consid- eration to the question of colonization, this time to the unoccupled territories in America. From 1860 to 1865 her attention Mas again turned to Africa, when a Han. overian baron, Von der Decken, was e plcring the East African coast. It curred to him that Zanzibar and the ad- jacent mainland would be a good fleld for German colonization and enterprise, es- pecially as the opening of the Suez canal would soon shorten the route to those re- gions. His idea’was acted upon, and the work begun by him was carried on by Hamburg merchants, who established a flourishing trade at Zanzibar. Impulses Due to National Unity. With the tounding of the empire Ger- many broke with the past and entered politically and economically upon a new era. hese _npolitical and _economic changes, together with the emigration { from Germany of large numbers of her people, are the prime factors in her pres- ent colonial policy. The political change brcught about by the founding of the em- pire_was in some respects the comple- ment of the change brought about forty years eaflier by the establishment of the Commercial League (zollverein). This league broke down tariffs and other bar- riers to trade which had existed from time immemorial between the various German states, and prepared the way for the great industrial changes of more re- cent date. It established free trade ar ong 26,000,000 Germans—the first great step toward national unity. By creating a community of interests on commercial and trading questions it prepared the way for political unity; by overcoming local prejudice and habit it created a stronger feeling of German nationality. The Tide of Emigration. The political change brought about by the establishment of the empire was an- other stride in advance. It had to do not only with the relations of the German states among themselves but also the pro- motion in a political way of the commer- clal interests of the united people and the continued allegiance to the fatherland .of the thovsands of emigrants who were leaving and settling in distant countries. During the fifty years from 1820 to 1870 ! sciid _empire. o 3 A direct result of this change has been a great increase in population, notwith- standing the continued heavy drain through emigration, for a nation which has develoved industries as well as agri- culture is capable of sustaining a larger Population than a purely agricultural na- tion, During the cuarter century from 1835 to 1860 the increase in population was considerably less than 7,000,000, while dur- ing the quarter century from 1870 to 185 the increase was_from 40,816,000 to 52,247.- 000, or nearly 11,500,000, and that, too, in fact of the fact that during these years the country lost more heavily through emigration than in any other period of its history. That this increase in population is directly connected with the growth of the great manufacturing industries may be seen from the changed ratio of rural to urban population. m 1871 to 18%0 there was an actual decrease of nearly 35,000 in the number of people in the agri- cultural districts, while in the same pe- riod the population in the cities and towns increased nearly 8,500,000 In 18% only 3§ per cent of the population were engaged in agriculture, while 39 per cent were en- gageg in the great industries of the citles and In mining and 11 per cent in com- merce and transportation. Foodstuffs Wanter; Goods to Sell. The bearing of this great change upon the subject of German colonization is two- fold. In the first place, her manufactures have progressed so rapidly that Germany is not only able to supply her own needs in a great many lines but is obliged to go out into the world to seek new mar- kets. German savings, too, have increased her capital until it no longer finds suffi- cient employment at home, and is seek- ing investment in new flelds. In the second place, the agricultural produce of the country no longer suffices to support its ever-increasing population—a fact which can better -be appreciated if we imagine 80 per cent of our own popula- tion compressed within the one State of Texas and there forced to earn a living, for Germany is not as large even as Texas would be minus the area of the State of 1llinos, while her population is fast ap- | proaching the 60,000,000 mark. Capital seeking investment. the induce- ment to engage in enterprises which will meet wants in the home country, the de- | sire to settle their emigrants where neith- er their labor nor their allegiance will be lost to the fatherland—these are the eco- nomic and social grounds on which may be explained the desire of the Germans to colonize; where such economic and eo- cial relationships are established it is but a step to political control, and the politi- cal control of colonies by Germany has striven after not only for the sake of protecting economic and social inter- ests but also for the sake of world pres- tige. JOHN E. GEORGE. Note—Next Tuesday will be published | & paper by Dr. George on “Germany’s Co- lonial Policy.” PERSONAL MENTION. Dr. J. Clark of Gilroy is at the Grand. J. F. Soper of Honolulu is a guest at the Occidental. C. L. Galvin, a mining man of Redding, is at the Grand. ‘W. C. Tye, a merchant of Madera, is a guest at the Lick. Fred Cox, a banker of Sacramento, is a guest at the Grand. A, C. Van Doesten, an oil man of Han- ford, is at the Lick. Rallroad Commissioner N. of Ventura is at the Lick. G. M. Francis, editor of the Napa Re- port, is at the California. 7 Dr. W. F. Blake of Alpena, Mich., reg- istered at the Lick yesterday. W. P. Thomas, an attorney of Ukiah, registered a® the Grand yesterday. W. M. Burckhalter, a merchant of Truckee, is registered at the Lick. C. C. Van Liew, principal of the Chico State Normal School, is a guest at the Lick. C. Boyer of Campo Seco, Cal., is here on mining business and is registered at the Lick. , ‘Hugh Glannell of Los Angeles, accom- panied by his wife, is a guest at the Cal- ifornia. John H. Mackenzie, a mining man of Mount Bullion, is spendthg a few days at the Lick. V. S. McClatchy, one of the publishers of the Sacramento Bee, is registered at the California. Mrs. Lillian M. Hollister, a leading offi- cer in the Order of Maccabees of Detroit, | Mich., arrived in the city yesterday and is at the Lick. G ——————— An oil identical with that of bitter al- ‘monds is extracted from coal tar. Blackstock 2 A.CHANCE TO SMILE. His Interest.—Wright—I ~ believe the copyright laws cannot be made too strin- gent. n’t you think so? Macum—well, ne; I don’'t believe copyright. right—Ah! you are not Interested ln! Jofirnalls%fih? - = acum- , yes, am. I'm a s manufacturer.— Catholic Btaudsrfi’ ”::: Times. Player—“A man named Dice fell out of a carriage and got badly shaken :grd“x;yh. ,He came down ‘right side ’\:;F 101 . 5 Stager—T1l vet he 1 s tons TonrAal Mo s i Patient—Ef dit’s a ham you Dinah, T'll take some ob it et ong g Dinah—_iiish, oney” Dat ham nohow! at’s fo' de un'ral!—Atlanta Constitution o ° 2t de ew wireless light seems to be “Well, If 1t fsn’ ' than e rl:l;t of nis -;néom"‘ ents 1 afhan prove to be not! wire.”—Cleveland Pmmue:.. vy Professor, to farmer's wife—y, good WO , the es, my L N:-:'l'%‘v ll;olee.‘“‘m lasts six months Farmer’'s e—You don’t sa; 1 3 h hman, ¥ So! The L BT o he Patience—Belle sald_heg brother nuisance. wfihfi% e oY £ Two Wa; £ acciage) Pou men ciiog_Mre. Bibbe_1 Ices You have a regular Gook,‘and mii / what al ting pad dnd I don't Mr. Bibbs—Yes, and a woman wri i black border of ¥ | term; print, or picture to be printed, paint- | tels: Raleigh—J. V. Kimball, ANSWERS TO QUERIES. AUTO—-G. 8., City. Autoisa ‘Greek pre- fix for self. s CHAMPION—Subscriber, Sullivan laid clnl;n to the s ¢ the world at one . g}onn?e pugilistic records give title. le Y—F. A. C., Halleck, Nev. ‘The rul toxg‘:neuurm‘ hay was published in dth;; department March 10 in the daily, ‘:n — the 13th of the same month Weekly Call. LIFE SAVING SERVICE—C. Rserc:'i‘c'a‘ For a position in the Life Saving o make application at the Life Smgu i vice Department, ‘appraisers’ A San Francisco, Cal A TARTER AND DIME—G. 8., City. um, but a dime of iLat date is wu!ueg‘ a colir collectors at prices varying fromh %o $§2, according to state of preservatiol APERT 1t is MOURNING PAPER—T. P., City. proper to use letter or note paper with a caried breadth, according rela tlunshls.ke;l;r;fi.fi_ms city. John L. title of cham- but none him that _to the nearness of :‘uls applies to mourning han G. A, City. GOLDEN WEDDING—R. G " 5 Details of a golden wedding and phoEt; graphs should be sent to the Society - for of The Call, the matter being en- dorsed with the signature and residenc of the sender. POSTAGE STAMPS— Nippon Maru, ain the value of old ascertain of the mail. This tise any business firms. PALM SUNDAY-M. W, City. Palm Sunday has been earlier than it was this vear, March 31, a number of times. In e March 29; 1504, March 25; 1801 it was on ? 1807, March 22; 1509, March ;??s'w’i‘zfnu?afih 3. 1816, March 19; ISI8, Since that date it has been e d in twenty-seven dif- earlier than this year ferent years. RIGHT OF WAY—G. 8., City. 1fa rail- road company has purchased a right of way through certain landb :‘r:ld a;;el;e; rm of years desires to build a :le'ack a xgllle to either side of the u'ack‘u is using and intends to continue using the first one, it would have to acquire another right of way, although on the same tract of land. CIGAR CASES AND PURSES-H. Q, City. - This department does not advertise any business firm. For that reason it will not give “the names of those Who repair purses and cigar cases.” Correspondents who desire information, the answer to which amounts to an sdveru:en!xer:)tfl of y firm or private enterprise. :}xnlzul?ius‘ennecslaése "2 Vself-addressed = and stamped enevelope. SIXTEEN TO ONE—G. S., City. The following definition of 16 to 1 is taken from United States Treasury Circular No. 123: The phrase “15 to 1,” as applied t> coinage, means that the mint value of sixteen ounces of silver shall be equal to the mint value of one ounce of goid; that is, that sixteen cunces of silver shall be coined into as many silver dollars as one ounce of gold is comable into standard dollars. DEBATES—Subscriber, City. This de- partment has on a number of occasions announced that it does not furnish rea. sons to be used on the positive or nega- tive side of a debate, for the reason that if such reasons are furnished they will be those of the writer and not those of the debater. This department suggests that you go to the Free Public Library period- jcal room, read up for and against the subject matter you desire to debate on, and then form your apinion. DISPLACEMENT-— Subscriber, South San Francisco, Cal. Displacement ton- nage as applied to ships is found in the same manner as register tonnage except that measurements are made, not along | and from the tonnage deck, but from the load water line and the finad cuble con- tent Is divided by 3. Displacement is the quantity of liquid which is displaced by & solld_body placed in it. If the weight of the displacement is greater than or equal to that of the body, the latter will float, if less, it will sink to the bottom. A buoyant material sinks to a level whers the pressure of a liquid displaced is suf- ficlent to counterbal its weight. LONGEST THROW-—Subseriber, City. The following is the record for longest throw of a baseball. Edward Crane ai- leged to have thrown a ball 135 yards 1 foot i Inch, October 12, 1384, in Clncinnati, 0., and 134 yards § Inches, October 19, 1881, in St. Louls, Mo; 134 yards 2% inches, H. Vaughn, in match with J. O'Rourke, Buf- falo, N. Y., June 3, 180; 135 yards 2 inches, L. Twitcheil, in throwing for a prize of §25, Macon, Ga,, July 29, 1393; 124 yards 1 foot 8 inches, J. Wagner, in throw- ing for a prize in a local long-distance {grgsvg‘nx contest, Louisville, Ky., October BUDDING TREES—J. M., Yuba City. If you have discovered a new method of budding trees that has no. been used by any one else before, you probably could claim the discovery of a new and ‘useful art and apply for a patent thereon. The patent law of the United States provides that patents are to be issued in the name of the United States, and under the seal of the Patent Office, to any person who has invented or discovered any new and useful art, machine, manufacture, or com- position of matter or any new and useful improvement thereof, not known or used by others in this country before his in- vention or discovery thereof and not pat- ented or described in any printed publica- tion in this or any fofeign country, befors his invention or discovery thereof or more than two years prior to his application, and not in public use or on sale in the United States for more than two years ?flor to his application, unless the same s proved. to have been abandoned; and by any person who, by his own industry, genius, efforts and expense, has invented and preduced any new and original de- sign for a manufacture, bust, statue, alto- relievo, or bas-relief; any new and or- iginal design for the printing of woolen, silk, cotton, or other fabrics; any new and original impression, ornament, pat- fifo sny article. ot wanes ny article of manuf 3 new, useral, and Shape or confip. uration of any article of manufacture, the same not having been known nor used by others before his invention or production thereaf, nor patented nor described in any y:::teredq‘nl\lxbldc%tlo‘n. upon payment of the red by law a Zass required nd other due pro- CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. NEW YORK, April S—The following Californians are in New York: From San Francisco—P. Bush, at .Herald Square; H. P. Dimond, at Hoffman: F. B. Findlay, at Albemarie; L. Kalmuek, at Vendome; J. Lawrence, S. E. Lindemann, at Broadway Central; J. E. Manchram, at Herald Square; W. Rosenblatt, at Hoff- man; Mrs. H. E. Topping, at Park Ave- nue; E. C. Webber, at Gilsey; Mrs. H. Zieger, at Broadway Central; W, R. Smedberg, at Murray Hill. — CALIFORNIANS IN WASHINGTON WASHINGTON, April 8—Th 2 ing Californians have arrived at e o Mr. ana Mrs. J. W. Carrinston. Arit and Mrs) F. F. Morgan, Harold Woirs William H. Hammond, Harris N. Hn.n:: mond' v.‘lohn = s Hammond, Jr.,, all or on or worked —_———— Cholce candies, Townsend's, Palace Hotel* ————— Cal. glace fruit 50c per Ib at Townsend's.» —————— & Special information suppiied business and public datly t;: houses Press Clipping Burea e Eomery strect. Teigohocn So 50 Mont- A!t;rt gets to be 25 married, fc’r’hun 100ks mm‘{:" getting day of & rummage sale. second