The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, March 19, 1901, Page 6

6 Che ' Falowe Call. MARCH 19, 1801 TUESDAY.. "JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor Add.‘;n ALl Communiestions to W. 8. LEAKE, Manager. MANAGER'S OFFICE. P PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, S. F. ’ Telephone Press 201. | EDITORIAL ROOMS.....217 to 221 Stevenson St. Telephone Press 202. Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Weelk. Single Coples, 5 Cents. | Terms by Mail, Including Postage: { ing Sunday), one vear. $6.00 ing Sunday), § months. . 3.00 1ding Sundav), 3 month: .15 | DAILY CALL—By Single Month « 85 EUNDAY CALL, One Year. . 1.50 w KLY CALL, One Year. 1.00 postmasters are authorized to receive subscriptions. mple coples will be forwarded when requested. ribers In ordering change of address should be both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order mpt and c liance with their request. OAKLAND OFFICE ..1118 Broadway C. GEORGE KROGNESS. Mansger Forsign Advert t Building, Ohlesge. Loz tance T Central 2619."") FW YORK CORRESPONDENT: €. C. CARLTON.. +++s.Herald Square NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH. .. 30 “ribune Building b S STANDS: A. Brentano, 31 Union Square; NEW YO ria Hotel; STANDS: Co.; Great Northern Hotel: el. Sherman House Fren Audit, WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE....1406 G St., N. W. MORTON il . Correspondent. tgomery, corner of Clay, open . open until 9:30 o'clock. 6% o'clock. 615 Larkin, open untfl open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, 9 o'clock. 109 Valencia, open venth, open until 3 o'clock. NW. cor- | afternoon and | B Lecture to-night. lub (Oakland)—Races. OUR INTERESTS AT WASHINGTON. | I S’ statements published in give an interesting review lation of the late session of Congress reference to bills directly affecting le feature of the Senator’s review | g made of California measures adopted te but rejected by the House. The num- eat as to merit thore than passing | g them the Senator said: Conce ant bills were passed by the Senate, One of very great importance the erection of a new custom- on the site of the present duced by me was passed by | 0% for construction. The to the House Committee on Public sunds, but was never reported by that e befell the bill introduced by me pro- nquishment by the United States of Marine Hospital and grounds for the lishing a sallors’ home under Jlocal fcontrol. It was passed by the Senate, reported from the House committee. ill of great importance to commerce on the was introduced by me and was passed by It was that prohibiting the towing of logs coast. The danger to navigation when the rafts break up, as they y @ h weather is encountered, is great. e bill was referred to the House Committee on Inter- . which committee failed to report it amendment to the sundry civil bill, 9 for making and laying a cable co to Honolulu, but the House of Rep- g declined to pass the bill that the e at the United States Branch Mint in San was also passed by the Senate and was re- the Houss by the Committee on Ways was r brought before the House I regret exceedingly the deteat of the bill providing tal cable to the Hawaiian Islands, as I deem it not only a measure of great importance to the Govern- ment, [ but also to the commerclal Interests of our untry, and especially to California. 1l to secure title to the two groves of big trees laveras and Mariposa counties, for the purpose f preserving them from destruction, was introduced y me at the first session and was passed by the Sen- arly in the second session, but, in spite of every ot be brought up in the House for a he opposition of Speaker Henderson. her effort will, therefore, have to be made to pre- e these trees for posterity. at is certainly a striking list of measures to be yy one House but rejected by the other, and d be interesting to learn why the House is so much less favorable to California interests than the Senate. The subject is the more important because neither branch of Congress has ever shown any- ing like an extravagant willingness to promote the interests of the Pacific Coast. At this very session, as | The na | velopment and profit. | the running of the first Senator Perkins points out, several bills of great im- portance to California failed in both houses. Among them he specifies a bill providing for the establishment ci a quarantine for nursery stock, one authorizing the/ entry and patenting of lands containing petroleum and chiefly valuable therefor, and the mineral land bill pro- viding for the segregation of mineral lands from agricultural lands. It will be seen by the statements of the Senator that California has many interests at the national capital which will have to be looked after at the next session of Congress with great care. The House is evidently the danger point, and increased efforts will have to be made to render that branch of the Government as favorable to us at least as the Senate. The situation should be thoroughly studied, the causes which led to the failure of California bills in the House should be determined, and then some means devised for over- coming them. German statesmen are complaining that the colo- nies of the Fatherland do not give the bulk of their trade to the home country. The grumblers should not forget that neither patriotism nor friendship gov- erns 2 man when he goes shopping and wants to get his money’s worth, There appears to be but a single element in the case of Cooper, the desperate rascal, which even sug- THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, MARCH 19, THE PHILIPPINE CRUX. T is to be hoped that the necessity for military l operations, occupancy and government of the Phil- ippines may soon cease. Until they do this coun- try cannot reach a proper comprehension of the task it has on hand in those islands. The crux of that sit- uation is its industrial zspect. Throughout the Malay Peninsula, the Straits Settlements and to an extent in Burmah, the native labor is not productive of a ! surplus. In those tropical countries there are valuable re- sources, but labor is required for their development. es will not work beyond self-support, and Europeans and Americans cannot work in that cli- mate. The whole Malay Peninsula and the Straits Settlements depend entirely on Chinese labor, and | greatly on Chinese commercial enterprise, for their de- The iron and tin mines, the gambier, pepper, sago, rice, tobacco, tea, coffee and cocoa plantations are worked entirely by Chinese, and would go back to nature and be disused in one season without them. The damar, rattan and other substi- tutes for timber and the timber forests themselves are worked by Chinese. The Chinese merchants and capitalists, driven out cf their own country by its conservatism, are the ex- ploiters of neighboring countries in the Orient and the exporters thereto of their coolie countrymen as laborers. Mr. Blithecote, an American gentleman, reports that Chinese capitalists stand ready to introduce any required number of coolies into the Philippines if permitted by the United States. \ Chung Yick Ting, a rich tin mine owner in the Straits Settlements, says that he has already discussed the development of the Philippines by coolie labor. | He says that the islands can be made the garden of gardens, but not by white labor, which cannot live there. He advises that our Government confiscate all property of insurgents who do not lay down their arms by a given date and exile its owners to Guam, creating there a penal colony, and then open the isl- ands to Chinese labor. He would build a railroad the whole length of Luzon, following the Rio Grande de | Cagayan, with branches, to be constructed by coolie labor, and he declares such a road would pay from train. This construction would employ thousands of coolies ahd would give them some funds with which to permanently locate in the country and perform its labor. Other thousands he would import at a cost of $10 per head, with as much more to buy rice until they got started. He says he can take millions of coolies there who have enough money to buy an acre or two of land, finally to become employers of new importa- tions. It is his opinion that the islands will suppor: ,000,000 of Chinese, whose product will constitute an enormous export of sugar, tobacco, rice and hemp. Now the sooner this country gets face to face with | this situation the better. That Mr. Ting is right about native labor and white labor there is no question, and that he is right about what may be done there with coolie labor may not be questioned. But, he says: “You cannot bring labor from your own country to the tropics, for your iazborers cannot stand that cli- mate nor live as cheaply as is necessary there. If the | United States is to be a colonizing power it must change its immigration laws as to the colonies, regard- less of what these laws may be in the home country.” This is more than probably true. It is the next step that must be considered. In the noise and confusion of military operations and the impingement of the cquestion upon politics these practical matters which | go to the value of the whole adventure have not been thought of. Senators Beveridge and Carter and others have inflamed the American mind about the vast riches of the archipelago. But they have not qralified their jeweled prospectus by the 'reflection that no matter how inexhaustible the wealth human Iabor is required to transmute it for human use. In that part of the problem the keen and practical views of Mr. Ting are worth all the rhetoric in the world. The practical question is, How much labor is to be required to make the islands worth keeping, and whence is it to come? The future peace and happiness of our own people will be greatly promoted by reaching and settling these issues as soon as possibl LIGHT IN SOUTH CAROLINA. ECENT events in South Carolina are in the R nature of a dawning light that gives promise of the speedy beginning of a better day in that long benighted State. In the first place the disclosure of the fact that negross have been held in virtual slav- ery under a system of contracts has led to the prompt breaking up of the system; and in the second place the action of the State Legislature in refusing to cen- sure Senator McLaurin for voting with the Republi- cans on many party measures in the Senate reveals a weakening of the Bourbon forces among the people, and shows that they are acquiring something of liber- ality in politics. The negro contract incident is one of more than passing importance. The facts brought to light by the investigations of the Grand Jury showed that in certain counties of the State a practice had grown up of getting ignorant negroes to sign contracts which gave them in virtual bondage to their employer. The holder of such a contract claimed under its terms the right to sell the negro’s labor to any other man who chose to buy it. It has been the custom of the Justices of the Peace to uphold the contracts, and negroes who undertook to escape from the slavery to which shey were bound were at once remanded to the control of the contract holder and he inflicted upon the negro such punishment as he chose. As soon as the facts were made known steps were at once taken to put an end to the system. Judge Benet of Anderson County, to whom the Grand Jury made its report, has proven to be the right man in the right place. It was'in fact to his instructions that the first investigation was due. He had heard of tha wrong and instructed the Grand Jury to inquire into it. The jury appears to have undertaken the work with zeal and courage. We are told that at every step the investigation was opposed by a considerable ele- ment of the white people of the county. Some of the richest, most influential and most powerful planters declared they could not carry on their plantations except under that system of controlling labor. In the face of such opposition, however, the jury wen: {on with its work, finding ample support from the Judge; and it now seems probable that not only will the system be broken up, but that some at least of the men who were guilty of the worst outrages com- mitted under it will be brought to punishment. The McLaurin incident is almost equally significant of a changed public sentiment. During the whole of the recent session®of Congress the junior Senator from South Carolina, notwithstanding he is supposed to be a protege of Tillman, has voted right along with gests a suspicion of sympathy for him. The several the Republicans on party measures. When the at- women who married him must have been so abso- | tempt to censure him in the Legislature of his State lutely devoid of sense as to have made his marricd life | had failed, he had his name stricken from the caucus a burden. roll of the Democrats of the Senate. He is now an independent, and all reports from South Carolina show that he will be amply sustained in his new posi- | tion. One of the foremost men of the State in com- menting upon the action of McLaurin says that South Carolina is about to abandon the policies of Calhoun and readopt those of her first great statesmen, Lang- don Cheves and William Lowndes. He says: “Thers is unquestionably a spirit of revolt against the Demo- cratic party and a disposition toward independentism. in pational politics.” Of course independentism cannot last long. Sooner or later the progressive, liberal and enlightened ele- ment of South Carolina must unite with the like ele- ment in the country generally. It may be a long while | yet before the full day beams over South Carolina, but evidently the dawn is at hand. @ PLACE IN THE SUNSHINE. OUNT VON BULOW, in defending the course C pursued by the German Government in China, denied that Germany is serving either British | or Russian interests, and insisted with much emphasis that 1t is German interests alone the Kaiser and his troops are defending in the Orient. Warming to his theme, he added: “That we must defend our interests in Eastern Asia is a fact that has become historic. It was in that sense I said three months ago that we must have our place in the sunshine. I say to-day we w.ll keep that place in the sunshine and not let curselyes be pushed into the shadow.” So it appears the struggle in China is a struggle for sunshine. It is not a war for anything so bloody as conquest nor for anything so sordid as trade. Neither is it a fanatic attempt to interfere with Chinese :rcligicm nor an educational movement to uplift the | Chinese masses. It is simply a desire for sunshine. | The invasion is, in fact, a sort of picnic excursion in search of light and warmth, and such bloodshed as occurs must be attributed solely to the roughs | and toughs of other nations who try to crowd the | Kaiser into the shade. ; Sunshine of that sort costs money. All the por- tents of the situation give warning that it will be a long time before the Kaiser can enjoy sunshine in China in an undisturbed peace, and already his ex- penditures have been large. Herr Richter, the Rad- | ical leader in the Reichstag, stated in reply to Von | Bulow’s speech that the Chinese troubles have cost | Germany up to this time 276,000,000 marks, or a sum | larger than the profits of Germany's trade with China | for the last twelve years. He closed by saying the Kaiser might be earnestly looking for sunshine but | he had gone the wrong way about it and had run | vp a blind alley. ‘L Recent developments in the camps of the allies | g0 far to confirm the views of Richter. At the ipresent time there is more likelihood of a violent | collision among the allied powers than of a harmo- nious settlement of their claims against China. The vu'oo;{ls of Great Britain and of Russia are glaring at one | another across a railway siding at Tientsin, and thera | may be a clash at any moment. Furthermore the Japs ‘[ar.e reported to be eager to get at the Russians an< ‘dnve them out of Manchuria. Germany also, it seems, | is watching Russia with something of jealousy, and is reported to have given notice to the Chinese Gdvern- ment not to make concessions to the Czar. It may seem strange that all this strife and jealousy | should exist over a struggle for sunshine when there iz so much sunshine in the world, but it is to be | borne in mind that when people once get greedy for | | anything they can never get enough so long as any- body else has any at all. If the strugglers for sunshine should get possession of the whole earth they would not be satisfied, but would straightway reach out for the sun, | l guilty of polygamy. His first—or lawful—wife lived in Salt Lake County, the plural wife lived in Utah County, He was indicted, and his relations with the surplus wife were in aVidence and the jury found him guilty, the locus of the crime being in the county where the polygamous wife lived. * The Supreme Court of Utah has reversed the de- cision, set aside the verdict and quashed the informa- tion. The court says briefly: “The mere existence in | some other county than the place of trial of acts or conditions of defendant lawful in and of themselves, but necessary to be alleged and proven in order to establish the crime as charged, does not involve the power of this statute so as to permit the trial of the defendant in such other county.” This is rather turbid language, employed in order to omit use of the sacred word polygamy, or plural marriage. Its meaning, however, is plain. A Mormor' can have his first or lawful wife in one county and a dozen others in a dozen different counties, and under this decision can escape punishment, since his lawfal marriage, “an act or condition lawful in itself,” can be violated only in the county where the lawful wife lives. This decision does not follow the statute of adultery in the other States, nor does it follow inter- state law. In actions for divorce under that statute the act or acts of adultery may be proven anywhere in the State or in other States. Were it not so the mar- riage contract would be without binding validity and would furnish no protection to those who are party to it. It will be noticed that the Utah Supreme Court goes clear beyond the verdict in the couft below and quashes the information. 4 The action of the Legislature and the Supreme Court decision will be a surprise to the whole coun- try. It was supposed that polygamy was weakening ir. its hold upon the people and was a fast fading insti- tution. But these revelations prove that it has a stubborn hold and that its temporary suppression by the Tucker-Edmunds law has only served to increase its strength. Her statehood makes Utah at present supreme in the making and enforcing of statutes intended to shield this odium of the Mormon charch. That church is rapidly colonizing Idaho and Wyoming, and holds the balance of power in Arizona. It will soon control the group of inter-mountain States, and they will be theocracies in their government, for the church is paternal and controls the people in their politics as well as in their materialities. It will be well if Congress act quickly in placing polygamy beside its twin relic, slavery, by a constitutional amendment. A UTAH DECISION. N the lower courts of Utah a Mormon was found The women who have been making spectacles of themselves by fawning upon the desperate criminal, Cooper, should congratulate themselves that under the statutes of this State idiocy has not been made a crime. —_— An effort is being made to extend the local fire limits. It might be wise at the same time to lessen the danger of fire by preventing the erection of shacks within the limits! * —_— Justice in California as the Supreme Court thinks it to be seems not only to be blind but suffers also from an acute attack of the blind staggers. PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR THE SAN FrANCISCO CALL How the Japanese Govern Formosa Wisely and Well Under Principles of Civil and Political Liberty. By Professor Ernest W. Clement. J TR FER e (COPYRIGHT, 1801L.) —_— V.—JAPANESE RULE IN FORMOSA. By the terms of the treaty of Chimono- seki, which in 1895 brought to a close the war between Japan and China, Formosa and the Pescadores were ceded to Japan, and upon ratification of that treaty In May of that year were formally handed over by the Chinese to the Japanese. An attempt of the Chinese in Formosa to establish a republic proved abortive, so that by October, 1895, the Japanese had secured military occupation of the island, although it was many months before that occupancy became real. For several years, indeed, regular or guerrilla war- fare was continued by Chinese bandits and the aborigines; and even now occa- slonal outbreaks are experienced. The military occupation of Formosa was ac- ccmplished under the command of Count Admiral Kabayama, the hero of the Yalu naval battle, and Prince Kitashirakawa, who fell a victim to disease in that isl- and. Count Kabayama was the first Mili- tary Governor, and when military occupa- tion gave way to civil government he be- came the first Governor General of the new territory. ‘When Count Kabayama retired from that position he was succeeded by Vis- count General Kutsura, who has recently resigned the army portfolio. Next came Baron General Nogi, and then Baron Gen- eral Kodama, who Holds the position at present, together with the army portfolio. No civillan s eligible to the Governor Generalship. The questions that have presented them- selves to Japan in connection with colo- nial administration in Formosa have been both general and special. For a very brief period Formosan affairs were under a sep- arate department of state, with a minis- ter and vice minister of colonization, as well as subordinate officials. The two chiet positions were held by Viscount Ta- kashima and Mr. Kitagaki. But when ad- ministrative economy and reform were de- manded this department was abolished and the Governor General, appointed by the Emperor upon the recommendation of the Cabinet, was made responsible direct- 1y to the Cabinet. This is the situation at present: Matters pertaining to the army in Formosa come under the army depart- ment; those relating to finances come un- der the finance department; educational affairs come under the department of ed- ucation; questions of civil administration are reférred to the home (or interior) de- artment, and other matters come simi- arly under the control of the appropriate departments of state. Early Difficulties in Formosa. The first difficult question that arose concerned the status of the Chinese resi- dents of Formosa. Article 5 of the Shi- monoseki treaty reads as follows: “The inhabitants of the territories ceded to Japan who wish to take up their resi- dence outside the ceded districts shall be at liberty to sell their real property and retire. For this purpose a period of two | years from the date of exchange of rati- fications of the present act shall be grant- ed. At the expiration of that period, those of the inhabitants wno shall not have left such territories shall, at the option of Ja- pan, be deemed to beé Japanese subjects. The anxiety, however, which was felt with reference to the working of these stipulatiofis was entirely unfounded; for, by the expiration of the time limit (May, 1897) only a few Chinese had sold out and returned to the mainland, while most of the others quietly and willingly put them- selves under Japanese jurisdiction. Another embarrassing matter was the opium question. Inasmuch as the im- portation of opfum into Japan is forbid- en, the o apparently consistent course would have been to prohibit the importation Into Formosa. is was the policy adopted by the Japanese Govern- ment; but at the same ifme It was recog- nized that it would be impossible to abol- ish opium smoking at once among the thousands of Chinese there. Consequent- | 1y exception was made in the cases of ir- retrievable smokers, to whom special li- censes have been granted. It is expect- ed, however, that the number of these li- censed smokers will gradually decrease until the evil is practically ~eradicated from the *beautiful island.” A similar policy was followed with reference to foot binding, which is not positively prohibited, but is discouraged as much as possible. Did Constitution Follow the Flag? One specfally interesting question arose in connection with the forced retircment of the Chief Judge of the Formosa Court without specific reasons. The Judge him- self refused to acknowledge the right of the Governor General to retire him, and I'fell back on the Japanese constitution, chapter 5, article 58, second paragraph, which reads as follows: *No judge shall be deprived of his position unlen’“by way of criminal sentence or disci- plinary punishment. Then followed for several months a spirited discussion in the press, and even the imperial Diet, on thé question ‘whether the constitution extended over Formosa, The debate was carried along on exactly the same lines as the more re- cent discussion as to whether the United States constitution extends over the Phil- ippines. In Japan it has been finally de- cided by public and legal opinion that the crown, and not the constitution, is paramount in Formosa; that the consti- tution is not, per se, in force, but must be made specially applicable in Formosa. Of course, blunders were made at first in the administration of osan af- fairs, and a great deal of incapacity and corruption manifested themselves in of- ficlal circles. Through political Influence incapable and dishonest persons obtained official positions. The scandals became so well known and the corruption so promi- nent that in 1807 a complete reorganiza- tion became necessary and was effected. The followlng summary of the changes is from a reliable source: The new orzanization of the Formosa ad- finistration Is & ver intaresting plece of lex- islation. Its most noteworthy feature s the extensive power vested in the Governor Gen- 18l Sphore hamely, the military and naval he 15 subject to the direction of the Ministers of War an 2 Navy, as well as to that of the chief board of command in the empire and the In- spector General of the forces. But in the do- main of civil affairs he is virtually autocratic. He may delegate ¢ivil functions to military officers; he may suspend or rescind the orders issued by local governors or headmen: he may appoint or dismiss officials of hannin rank: may inflict discipl on officials of sonin rank and upward obtaining imperial sanction through ident of State. He may em- for the malintenance without the Minister ploy military’ force public peace® and event the fact must be of time to the Minister and to the departmel nts of It is to the look for final supervision of be seen navy. has inistration, but it will above enumeration of his it that civil ad- from wers that his com- £ §RzEziss abor tence greatly exceeds of a governor of geBm.m: crown colony it has received any measure of local autonomy. The govern- P e eitt bo Moages ba blé for the Gov- ernor to- authority in extenuatioh of inistrative faflures. Great Advance Made by the Colony. ‘With reference to the material advance- ment of Formosa no pains have been e e e o e ‘means 2 stal and tels stems bunwlnnnud. m&.ey For- 'way failed as a con- it up and blic th of the 'centnl staff, the chief of the naval |. re T ——— PAPERS ON CURRENT TOPICS. L& Bu-oxyXadmu, Governor Gen- eral of Formosa. I P +* similarly risen since the Japanese occu- pation of Tormosa Educational privi- cges have been extended and improved, and a special school has recently been | opered in Tokio for the training of those who are_to be eng\nised in the public ser- vice in Formosa. Newspapers have also been started. For the following important statistics regarding Formosa I am iddebted to Mr. Sakatani, the expert of the finance de- partment of the Imperial Government: Population, 2,604,000; area, 15,000 square miles; exports (tea, camphor and its oll, sugar, rice and grain and other products), 14,846,000 yen; imports (opium, rice and grain, timber, wine | and other articles), 22,282,000 yen. Army, 12,000 men. Police—Military, 1600 men: civil, 5800 ‘men. Schools, 161; teachers, 1913. Banks, 3; capital, 10,150,000 yen; notes lssued, STib1t0 Sene P2 2 22,126,000 yen | 8,774,000 yen 30,900,000 yen ically 50 cents, United States is prac money. The civil list includes construction of railways, harbors, roads, etc., amounting to ‘8,679,000 yen. The mili- tary list includesexpensesof fortifications. e difference between revenue and ex- penditure is made up by railway loans and the subsidy of the general budget of the empire. The revenue is rapidly increas- ing and fn a fey years there will be no need of subsidy. The natives also Wit | soon be able to govern themselves and finance their own government in local af- falrs. - Prospects for Further Advancement. This testimony from the famous Japa- nese economist and statistician, Mr. Saka- tani, 1s supported by the follswing from the Japan Times of January 6, 1901: According to Dr. Goto, chief of the civil ad- ministration of Formosa, the result of the last three years' administrativé efforts under the resent able Governor General, Baron ma, as been successful beyond all reasonable ex- pectations. When his cellency first assumed the control of affairs in the island colony in 1598 it was estimated by him that the revenue, Which was at that time less than 8,000,000 yen per annum, would be increased to about double that sum by the vear 1901-02. That estimate ‘Wwas regarded in some quarters as too optimis- tic, buf too optimistic it was not, it being esti- mated that in the coming flscal yedr the reve- nue will amount to over 14,000,000 yen. The Formosan authorities now confidently expect that the ordinary Income of the island will swell to 20,000,000 in the mext thres or four years, when the island will financiaily be en- trely independent of the mother country, even in respect of the military and naval expenses. The report of the Bank of Formosa, Wwhile it calls attention to the fluctuations of silver as a disturbing feature, also glves great encouragement with reference to_the future of the island. When Baron Kodama assumed the Governor Generalship a more definite pol- ey and_strict administration of afrairs began. Local self- inistration was en- couraged, particularly by the employment of properly qualified natives In subordi- nate positions. For instance, as a very striking example, ex-bandits' who had sworn allegiance were given mail con- tracts, which were thus carried out cheap- er than before, because when clvillana carried the malils it was necessary for each to be accompanied by a soldier or *zollcemnn for protection against bandits. t also proved feasible to use natives in the militia, and even to appoint some of the naturalized subjects to Important posts, as those of councilors, umf:r the prefectoral officer, Tt WS also made a definite poliey that exempt- in many cases Formosa should ed from the general laws and ordinances of the empire and that special laws and ordinances should be promulgated in con- sonance with old customs. This poli was applied especially in connection wit the modern revised codes, from the ap- plication of which Chinese and aborigines were exempted. Dealing With Rebellious Natives. With reference to the rebels, Baron Ko- dama’'s policy 18 to wage relentless war on bandits, but when once they have sub- mitted he pursues a concillatory policy. Count Kabayama's plan was = similar: ‘‘Subjugate {t from one side by force of arms and then confer on the subjugated Ezruon the benefits of civil govi lighthouses, has also been found advisable to siapt the silver yen as the basis of th - rency in Formosa, chiefly becmu‘eeotc ‘i:l convenience in internal business and the external trade with the joining conti- nent of Chin: his‘course found employ- ment for the cne-yen coins, which after the adoption of the gold standard by the Jnranm Government had been gradually withdrawn from circulation in the em- pire proper. Whether or not the use of the silver standard in Formosa and the gold standard .n all other portions of the empire will cause serious confusion re- ns to be seen. n the Japanese first entered For- mosa_the people as a whole manifested considerable suspicion and antipathy, due to misrepresentations by persons who wished to profit by a continuance of the old conditions. But when the people saw that in spite of mistakes and corruption the Japanese meant well, and that it was gufl% to the advantage of Formosa to under such a stable and responsible a could gtve, feeiing of good will and con- fidence qulckl{ followed. Now that they can see plainly the material advantages that are accrui ng to the Island they are | completely reconciled. A missionary wi lived twenty-five vears In Formosa 'm ll,:::‘t:’m:ony ltnu lmelmfllfl nttthc bene- | s obtain getting of Chinese | ot and the literary class, { ow-minded and Impracticabie bage | Drawing Colony and Close. It should alwaye be borne i it is" the expressed de(emln:ugngl'?:: Japanese that Formosa must be “body, soul and spirit” a 1grt of their em; ‘Whatever mistakes " they o NArTOW- of men.” f mtge!mnadl tely"“ ble - af -fllin n‘meywmbc&:t' loeflnetw S et S E3s It has been in i kT made - ust the t i!okkam‘: or in Okinawa mtm Loochoo Islande). Tl b s ent of it 1 HE i; PERSONAL MENTION. | H. Casey of Salinas is at the Occidental. Henry Bron of Napa Is a guest at the Palace. Peter Musto, a merchant of Stockton, is at the Grand. John Cross and wife of Los Angeles are at the Palace. Colonel George Stone arrived from Hon- olulu yesterday. E. R. Snyder, an oil man of Coalinga, 1s a guest at the Lick. ‘W. H. McKenzie, an ofl man of Fresno, is staying at the Lick. L. W. Robitaille of Sacramento is stay- ing at the Occidental. P. Latz, a merchant of Modesto, is a guest at the California. Ex-Speaker Alden Anderson of Suisun is registered at the Grand. M. Biggs Jr., a capitalist of Oroville, is registered at the Grand. L. T. Hanford of Sacramento s regis- tered at the Occidental. P. B. Fraser, a banker of Fresmo, registered at the Palace. D: Lawrence, a sugar planter of Hono- lulu, is a guest at the Palace. R. F. Johnson, a real estate man of Monterey, is a guest at the Grand. H. P. Goodman, a banker of Napa, staying for a few days at the Palace. O. F. Smith, a lawyer of Reno, Nev., ac- companied by his wife, is at the Palace. Mark R. Plaisted, proprietor of the Fresno Evening Democrat, is at the Cali- fornia. Congressman Elliott of South Carolina, accompanied by his wife, is staying at the California. R. L. James, proprietor of the El Car- melo Hotel at Pacific Grove, is staying at the Grand. Ex-Senator Edward J. Murphy, accom~ panied by his wife and family, leaves to- day for New York. Miss Jennle Flood, Miss Howard and Miss Crosby arrived yesterday from New York In a special car. Miss Flood is at the Palace. W. E. Hampton and wife are staying st the California. They recently returned from a trip to Honolulu, and are on their way home to Los Angeles. E. 8. Benson, general auditor of the Oregon Raflway and Navigation Com- pany, with headquarters at Portland, Or., is at the Palace with his wife. ‘W. A. Patton, assistant to the president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, accompa~- nied by his wife, is touring the coast in his private car Iolanthe. They are at present staying at the Palace. ———e—— CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. NEW YORK, March 13.—The following Californians are in New York: From San Francisco—W. E. Bourn, at the Nether- land; L. F. Geischer, at the Imperial; Miss C. Goldstein and Miss L. S. Gold- stein, at the St. Denis; E. W. Hopkins, at the Holland; D. Nogle, at the Plaza; E. A. Phelps, at the Holland: E. D. Rosen- blut and E. L. Stern, at the Netherland; J. H. Wallace, at the Manhattan: R. H. Pease, at the Holland; C. Willlams and wife, at the Manhattan. From Los An- geles—J. Ederman, at the Bay State; G. Wilcox, at the Ashland; C. W. Parsons, at the Bay State. f————} ANSWERS TO QUERIES. SILK INDUSTRY—G. E. W., City. Stk ;vormu are ralsed in San Diego and vicin- Ity. is is NO PREMIUM—H. W., San Rafael, Cal. No premium is offered by dealers for dimes of 1845, 1553, 1854 and 18 THE PRESIDENT—W. B. M., San Jose, Cal. There is no law limiting the number of terms a citizen may be President of the United States. PARKS—A Subscriber, City. Gelden Gate Park, in San Francisco, has an area of 1040 acres and Central Park of New York an area of 843 acres. TRANSPORTS—H. R.. Raymond, Cal For such Information as you desire in re- lation to repairs to the transports ad- dress a communication to the Navy De- partment, Washington, D. C. NOT THE SHERIDAN—A. 8., Watson- ville, Cal. The accident referred to in your communication could not have oec- curred on the Sheridan. She was not in the port of San Francisco at the time. PENSION OFFICE—M. L. M., Madery, Cal. The United States Pension Of- fice In San Francisco is located at the northwest corner of Pine Sansoms streets. This department cannot advertise any pension agent. AIR SHIP—R. R. R., Stockton, Cal Count Zeppelin has been experimenting with a new balloon in Europe, and he ex- cts great results, but at this time it is impossible to tell to what extent it can be used in navigating the air. There are a number of other inventors who are bufld- ing air ships, or rather models, but time alone will tell with what success. CIVIL SERVICE POSITIONS—Sub- scriber, Santa Cruz, Cal. If you desire to obtain information about civil service un- der the rule in San Francisco, apply to £ th 855, L e i oy obtain information in reiation to the United States Civil Service, addi iress the secretary of the commission, Washing- ton, . DUPLICATE WHIST—Subscriber, Cal. In duplicate whist the player who is en- titled to the trump card is termed the dealer, whether the cards have bunx,%u t by him or whether they have not. 1i- cate whist is that form of whist In whica each deal Is played only once by each p%"::l’ but lr: ‘hrl‘gh :gch ld:uo'h OV o e teams, Pai?s or individuals nto comparison: WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY-H. N. B, City. The Call uses wifeless telegraphy to obtaln news when occasions requircs the use of such. The first time that The Call used it was upon the return of the California Volunteers from Manila in 1899 have been trans. A atatance. of Torty-cwo miles by wireless telel hy ut difficulty There is, it is claimed, no limit, withia reasonable distance, of course, in trans- mitting _messages by that method. The Teason that the system is not used more extensively at this time is that it is yet in its infancy. NICARAGUA—J. E., Amador City, Cal The steamships from New Orleans to Nicaragua make Gfeytown the terminal point. - There are a large number of mines in Nicaragua. There are placer mines near the headwaters of the Prizapolia, at the foot of the eastern declivity of the Cordilleras. _This is about 175 miles from Greytown. It takes about eleven days by boat to reach the mines. There is also mining on the Wa Wa_ River, in the Se- garra district, and in the Matagalpa dis- trict. There are gold veins in the Prinzipola_district, in the Wa Wa, 4.a Libertad, Jugaipa and Chonales districts. some development of tha mines in that territory, but it has been somewhat slow. For tddlumwl Informa- tion on this subject communicate with the United States Consul_at the following laces in NI : _Bluefields, Cortnto, at and San Juan del Sur. Let- ters be addressed to “United States C‘:m! at —+-," giving the name of the place. 1 —_——— | Choice candles, Townsend's, Palace Hotel * Cal glace fruit 50c per 1b at Townsend's.* Specfal information -\nlwllod vh;'l! ‘:: Prem-eh 'n‘r';‘.-'é'h.--.?.‘i‘u Stonts gomery st. Telephone Main . Sanford’s Liver Invigorator. Best Liver Medicine, VegetableCure for Liver Bilicusness, Indigestion. Constipation, s No man should object to thick his ‘shoss, &5 iho objections win meo wear away. e ———— Many petty trade-mark pirates trade om repu- tion of Dr. Siegert's Angostura Bitters, un- equaled South American tonic. Refuse (