The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 27, 1901, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1901 ARY 27, 1901 JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. étress Al Commuosiesticns te W. 8. LEAEE, Manager. MANAGER"S OFFICE ... Telephone Press 204 PUSLICATION OFFICE. . .Market and Thir Telephons Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS.....217 to 221 Stevensom St. Telephone Preas 202, Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. Single Copies, 5 Centx. Terms by Ma nelading Postage: | DAILY CALI ud snday), ope vear.... 96,00 v a n 3.0 180 | DAILY CALL—By Single Month e | SUNDAY CALL. One Year. 18 WEEKLY CALL, One Year... 109} All postmasters are authorized to receive subscriptions. Sample coples will be forwarded when requested. subscribers 1n crdering change of address should Ye | to give NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order | nd correct compliance with thelr request. ++++1118 Broadway M particu o insure & prompt OAKLAND OFFICE. €. GEORGE KROGNESS. Masager Fereigs Acvertising, Merguetts Building, Chicsge, (Long- Distance Telehons “Central 2%3.) | CORRESPONDENT: NEW YORK 3 tiisssesse.Herald Square C. €. CARLTON.... NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH. .. +-30 Tribune Building NEW YORE NEWS STANDS: Waldorf-Astoris Hotel; A. Brentano, 8 Union Square; Morray Hil Hotel. CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: Sherman House; P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel: Premont "B ; Auditortum Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE....1406 G St., N. W. MORTON E. CRANE. Correspondent. — | BRANCH OFFICES—] Montgomery, corner of Clay, open until #0 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open until 9:80 o'clock. &3 McAllister. open until $:30 o'clock. 65 Larkin, open unt $:30 o'clock. 181 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, Sixteenth, open until 9 o'clock. 109 Valencia, open | o'clock. 106 Eleventl, cpen until § o'clock. NW. cor- | 4 Xestuchy, open until 3 A Husband's Honor.™ pened to Jopes.” the N o ] Left Behind Me.™ lage Parson.” rels. ason and BAdy streets—Speciaities. ernoon and | THE BLIND AND DEAF. Asse in the ) college the i at Berkeley 1 ool system excludes that ¢ school funds and does be under the management of district in which it is lo just why the change is pre- The Berkeley the world. n come of it ost noted the utility of such co- por- was, in 2 pioneer in that work that practice the system has proved bene- The ingenuity and resources ted by it, and that means is the object of all educa- nute graduates of Berkeley are superior to that given in in- one class of these defectives is ter they miss that training that lind penetrating the isolation of n which dwell the deaf, and to the deaf from | g with exchange of thought into that world of | kness in which-dwell the blind. | Now, in the case of both deaf and blind, the earlie: | fhey enter upon systematic training the better. Asa yule it is a mistike to keep either class long in the public schools, and it will be a still graver mistake to empt to give them; in the public schools, the special training required by their condition. If that be the object of the bill it is without merit and should mot pass. Persons who have never been in gontact with the blind and mute do not comprehend bhow slowly and ‘with what difficulty they learn Therefore it is that the greatest caution is needful in order that their full training may not require them %o unlearn any part -of its earlier. stages. process of unlearning js most difficult and to the stu- dent most discouraging. These defectives keenly ap- preciate their condition arnd its limitations, and, more than the whole, thex -equire constant and cheerful en- couragemert. When they have been mistaught, which j¢ the sure result-of attempting to teach them at all in the public schools, and have to unlearn what has been acquired by so much hard labor, they become discouraged, and their developmient is apt to be per- manent gired. Ii the public would only” appre- h that what is learned with dif- ore: difficult to unlearn, and would t5 the training of these defective children vid see how necessary it is that statutes affect- ir welfare, t6 be beneficial, should originate those devoted experts who choose for their caregr the education of those who cannot be trained the public schools, else there would be no necessity itutions for the deaf and dumb and blind. That t all is"in itseli evidence that the work do is a high and distinct specialty. e other side of it, the public schools k than they do well for -the The ordinary teacher has ng to teach the mute or the ation 6f special classes and employ- had so few ses. ave ‘been stimula for i se exis me district, ani the employment of a special r them is a waste of money, energy and op- e proposed bill have any $uch id be beaten ————— s been expressed by the representatives of in China that General Tung, the oriental refuse 1o obey an order he has receivced de. These representatives must have reached the conclusion that General Tung possesses, B 1 with his offensive attributes, a large fund of commen sense. purposé it v A fear ha the powers butc to commit su The | I teachers is not to be thought of, for | d ani mute are not numerous, ani "ta‘emm‘m' ur only one or two will be found in | [ | and his Supervisors? | If the Mayor and Suipervisors can reverse the ballots of the people in such a matter as track gambling | | they can in any other matter, and therefore can per- j petuate themselves in power by ignoring the election | to the people at all, but would deny it at once. THE PEOPLE'S WILL. AYOR PHELAN and the men who are in were very influential in making the new char- ter. All of the peculiar features of that document are | due to their influence and advocacy. The party to which they belong made its last na- tional campaign on a platform that cried aloud for the initiative and referendum, and would not be com- forted without those provisions for direct legislation and the immediate “‘impression of the people’s will upon the law and its enforcement. It is time to inquire whether their respect for the ‘public will was a sham to get favor and votes, or whether their advocacy of direct legislation was fanat- ically honest. The evidence is decidedly in favor of their hypocrisy. Populism and socialism had a few votes to be caught oa the initiative line. with referen- dum bait, and these politicians merely fished with that tackle. Their idea of government seems to be that it consists in trying to fool pirt of the people all the time, trusting to the numbers of the indifferent to get through successfully: Every pretended safeguard of the charter has been breached by them, overleaped or undermined for the purpose of playing personal politics or rewarding the “push.” “In the hands of its friends” the charter has come to look as disreputable as a cast-off poultice in the garbage box of a hospital. Government under it has been made costlier and less efficient than it was under the consolidation act when administered by able and public-spirited men. The charter has proved no safeguard against the evils it was advertised to cure, and its fate is another added to the long list of proofs that politicians who do protest too much are to be distrusted, and that’ good government depends not so much upon its form | but upon the character and unselfishness of its admin- | istrators. The present emergency in this city is an illustration of the insincerity of those in authority. Decent peo- ple have hardly dared to sleep nights lest diversion of their watchfulness from the Phelan governmert may result in the re-establishment of track gambling by the Mayor and Supervisors. Yet those officers are the very same politicians who were bowing to the ground in deference to the popu- lar voice. . Now what popular voice have they heari in favor of track gambling? When and how was it uttered? The issue was voted on by the people, and their voice was overwhelmingly against renewal of that form ef vice. Has the Mayor the veto power over the popular vote? Can the Board of Super- visors reverse the judgment of the ballots> Are the people the court below or the court above the Mayor Which can reverse the other? of their successors. It is well to emphasize now thé attitude of thess public officers, for in due time they will be again cry- ing in the political wilderness that the charter is about to perish for need of their friendly care and will be extolling the sacredness of the popular will. Legal protection of track gambling, and what the Mayor admits to be pocket-picking, is something that right-minded public cfficers would not need to_refer It is the things condemned by the conscience, a malum in se, a wrong in itself, which governments 4 and not to invite. one are instituted to forl Yet the Board of Supervisors not only invite it, but [ hold the door open to it, notwithstanding that by | every possible form of expression, from the ballot-box to the petition, the people have expressed themselves against it. There was no evidence before the Super- rs that any considerable minority wants track gambling. selling, off the track, in racing events, by what logic can that decision be warped into an indorsement of gambling on the track on the same events? The issue was made, the people voted the pool- room down. If the Tobin ordinance to permit track | gambling had been submitted to them it would have gone down with the pool-room. Against the expressed will of the people Mr. To- bin pleaded the cause of “the gentlemen of wealth and standing who have invested a large amount of money in the racetrack.” The matter is up to the Mayor. But he has already | declared in favor of “thirty days’ pocket-picking,” and D the extra six days of that industry, granted in the thirty-six day ordinance, will probably not revolt him. EUROPEAN TARIFF PROBLEMS. South Aifrica and the complications in China, the people of the leading nations of Europe are directing attention mainly to industrial problems and tariff questions. most important of the time, and the nations are busily engaged in determining how "each can best succeed in the competition for trade. The recent decree of the Russian Government im- posing a maximum duty upon American goods im- ported into Russia naturally constitutes the central point around which the economic discussion revolves. The decree does not impress Europe as it impressed us. cians appeared like the beginning of a European tarif war against the United States. Some authorities who Tike to prophesy did not hesitate to declare that the action would soon be followed by similar action on the part of other European powers, and that the much-discussed plan of a general European tariff wat against the competition of this country would soon bs carried out. Very different is the view of the question taken by the Germans. It is asserted in Berlin that the duty imiposed upon American goods was designed mainly as a warning to Germany. It is argued that the Amcrican trade is 2 matter of comparatively little importance to Russ‘a, and that the Russian Finance Mirvister imposed maximum duties upon American imports solely for the purpose Gf impressing upon Germany that if Russian exports to that country ar interfered with the Russian Government will not hesi That view of the question has naturally caused a goad deal of anxiety in Germany, as the people of the empire age radically divided on the issue. The Agra- | rians, or landowners and farmers, of Germany desire riotection against the competition of Russia in farm procucts, while on the other hand the manufacturers would willingly grant almost free trade with Russia in all sorts of farm products for the sake of getting concessions in favor of German manufactured exports to Russia. In discussing the question Dr. Barth, one of the lead'ng statesmen of Germany, is reported to have said: “The recent Russo-American tariff war is of a temporary nature, since Russia is systematically work. | ing to establish the closest refations with the United control of the present government of this city | When the people rejecced general pool- | o | ESPITE royal deaths and weddings, the war in | Economic issues, in fact, are the | To the American the action taken by the Rus- | States, not only commercial but financial, thus assum- ing tlie position that Germany has heretofore occu- pied. That forms an inherent part of Russia’s policy. It is not only De Witte's policy, but it-is the policy of thie whole Government.” . It is added that a member of the Russian Embassy in_Berlin has virtually confirmed that view by the siatement that the present favorable rates on German manefactured exports to Russia were given solely because of German concessions to Russia on cereals exported to Germany, and that if the German Gov- ernment, out of reference to the Agrarians of the empire, raises the duties on Russian farm products, the Russian Government will retaliate as promptly 25 it did in the case of the United States. From such statements it will be seen that any fears that may have been felt of a general European tariff war upon the United States are groundless. The na- tions of Europe have too many tariff complications of their own to carry out any plan for uniting against us. | /\/\ from jail, has decided to drop saloon-smash- ing for a time and edit a newspaper. It is re- ported she is to reccive $150 salary to conduct the paper for a week. Perhaps the work will do the paper good, perhaps it will do her good. One thing is cer- tain, it will do Kansas good, for while Mrs. Nation is wrestling with the mysteries of the press and try- ing to write articles that will suit all classes of her followers the excited people of Kansas will have time to cool off and consider calmly the situation that con- fronts them. Nothing of any permanent value has been gained for thé temperance cause in Kansas by her outbreak. As Justice Brewer stated in a recent lecture at Yale, ‘] know that prohibition has ceased to be enforced in the large cities of the State, but spasmodic virtue is next door to intentional vice. After the spasm has | passed the community will be more indifferent than | ever, and within ten years it will be worse than it | | was at first.” Among the people who have been foremost ani most emphatic in condemning the violent methods of the Kansas crusader are many of the eminent leaders of the temperance movement. Thus the venerable Susan B. Anthony, whose zeal in the cause of wom: hood and the home, as well as in that of prohibition, | cannot be questioned, is reported to have said in a recent interview: | The hatchet is the weapon of barbarism; the ballot is the one weapon of civilization. In Kansas, since 1887, Mrs. Nation, with all the women in the 28 cities of | the State, has had the right to vote for Mayor, for the members of the Common Councll and for every other officer of the municipality. Women, cqually with men, have the responsibility. Therefore, the duty of Mrs. Nation and all the women-of Kansas i to register and vote for only such men or women who will public pledge themselves to do their duty and to carefully re tire to private life every officer who has failed to show his hand. That ¢alm statement of the responsibility of the | voters of Kansas for the violation of the law they | have enacted by the officials they elected may not have much effect upon the minds of excited zealots, | but it can hardly fail 10 impress the understanding of the great mass of the Kansas people. The law is in their hands, and so also are the officers of the law. | Those who desire to uphold prohibition in the Statz have recourse to the courts and also to the ballot. { 1t is therefore their own fault if the laws be violated, | and they cannot atone for that fault by what Justice + Brewer has called a “zpasmodic virtue” and described ! as being “‘next door 1o intentional vice.” The country will, however, lose the full significance of the lesson of the Kansas outbreak if it confines | attention,to Mrs. Nation and pronounces condemna- | tion upon her alone. She has not been the only ! supporter of lawless violence in this country, nor has he been the worst. The smashing of saloons is as nothing compared with the gross outrages that have | been committed in the name of lynch law. That dread | evil has now become so common that it threatens | to develop into a habit, and, unfortunately, it is far ! more difficult to deal with than Mrs. Nation. It is not easy to imprison a mob made up of “best citizens” and put it in jail until it give bonds to keep | the peace. ‘In regard to that sort of violence there is needed a new education of the people on the subject of obedience to law. There is no land in the world where violations of law by masses of the people is less justifiable than in this country, for in no other land have the people such ample powers in the way of enforcing laws and controlling public officials. Con- | sequently in all our: condemnation of Mrs. Carrie Nation let us not forget that she is a product of | American life and has had lots of examples to encour- age her in her violence. FANATIC REFORMERS. RS. CARRIE NATION, having been released Kansas has just given the world another illustration of her ability to confuse everything that comes within the sphere of her influence. When Victoria died the | Legislature of the State thought it becoming the dig- nity of Kansas to send a message of condolence to King Edward, but the message evidently misled the | | royal secretary, for in response he sent back the fol- i lowing: “The private secretary is commanded to | convey the thanks of the King for the expressions of loyalty and sympathy contained in the message which you forwarded to his Majesty on January 31, 1901.” Now, as the Kansas men never expressed any loyalty | to Edward and do not feel any, they have refused to spread the reply upon the records, and there is taik of sending Mrs. Carrie Nation over to London tu remonstrate with the secretary. P s diung In his address before the Massachusetts Legislature on Lincoln’s birthday Senator Hoar said the man who | seeks to enter the Senate by means of corruption and bribery should be shunned as if he had leprosy; and now the loungers of the Senate gallery ought to hava 2 good deal of fun watching the Senator dodge his colleagues. | A demand has been made in the English House of | Commons that members of that ‘august assembly must be permitted to speak in the language which is | most familiar to them. This certainly ought to be en- couraging to those orators that have been taking un- due liberties with the King's English. If Lord Roberts is to get a new title when the King is crowned he would better select one that will fit. His present title of Viscount St. Pierre and Earl of Kan- dahar and Pretoria is so clumsy his best friend wouldn’t recognize him if he were seen staggering under it. 3 1, 3 'Suggestions PAPERS ON CURRENT TOPICS. —_——— PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR THE San Francisco CALL. to American Women Who Accept the Vast Opportunities for " Work Presented to Them. By Mrs K. Ottley. (Member of the Industrial Committes of the General Federation of Women's Clubs and Chairman of the Committee on Working Women.) | pect résuits from this concerted effort the woman who works cannot do it | 1f. - | Southern States. COPYRIGHT, 1901 II-GROWTH OF BUSINESS OP- PORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN. In the solution of those problems which rise from the movement of American vomen toward economic independence the lefsure woman -of America must bear a yeoman’s part. She it is who must study the ever-shifting industrial situation, and, by intelligent direction through press and people, strive to regiilate conditions, adapt public sentiment and remove the preju- dices of the worker, thus preventing con- gestion in industry, business or profession-| to | by enabling womer who need work pass casily from overcrowded flelds of labor to. others where their efforts are in | demand. The lelsure woman of America must do these things, and she must do them be- cause she is a lelsure woman. Our so- clal structure is to-day so complex, our processes are £0 involved, that the clos- est study of cause and effect is necessary to the initiation of -any effort for social control. The wisdom of the serpent and the patience of Job must ‘wait upon the formation and development of plans for social bétterment and progress. Now, all these things take time and plenty of it, and leisure women are the only people in America to-day who have any time at their disposal. Men have nene and the higher up in the scale the man is the less time he has. The 4,000,000 women who earn their livelihood in Amer- ica have no time; they are as busy as the men. It is clear that all the time there is lles in the possession of the women who are supported by the labor of men, or are in possession of sufficient means to render labor on’their part unnecessary. This absolute “corner’” on lefsure prob- ably will not always exis ing when balf the people wi! the leisure and the other more ideal state of society doubtless will bring some work to everybody and not so much work to anybody. In the meantime, however, the burden of any socfal inves- tigation or endeavor in America must rest with the leisure woimen. "Half a million of these leisure women are united in the General Federation of Women's Clubs for gonstructive social work, and we shall ex- nd action. Far from its being a fact that the prob~ lem of the worker is alien to the women's clubs, I venture to say that the women's clubs of America are rapidly becoming the rallying ground for knowledge of and 11 not have al half none. | interest in all phases of questions which | concern the woman who works. This is true not alone because every club con- tains such able representatives of the professional, business and industrial ac- tivities of women, and thus affords a meeting ground for the leisure woman and the wage-earning woman; it is true even more because of the presence in the clubs of a preponderating number of non- professional or leisure women who are to play the most important part in influ encing the future of the American wage: earning woman. Even now the leisure women of the clubs are surveying the | field of the working woman and noting | the opportunities and obstacles which meet her there. Such social effokt will in- crease till at every step the leisure woman | blazes out the way for the busy woman. The one class must do this for the othe: class, because theérc is every reason wtm or he Limitations of Women Who Work. In the first place. s A woman who does, the week, preductive lelsure: fn which to survey the field and deduce conclusions from the phencmena of which she is a part. In the second place, the very fact that she is herself a part of the subject matter to be studied prévents the wage-earner from having the best viewpoint from which to regard the subject. From her during six days in position in the thick of the fray tire wage- | earning woman cannot discern the gen- | eral movement of events nor form any widely applicable deductions as t the campaign. Yet the wisest ar movements must be devised, for as a wage-earner stands in the profes- sional, business and industrial world not only without the recognition of the polit ical economist, but without full popular | | consent to her very existence there. Scarcely a day passes without earnest ar- gument from some public quarter to con- vince woman that it will not do for her to become a wage-earner. 000,000 womer have wormed thémselves into lucra bate the question as to whether they shall or shall not work. Fractically women have settled the matter by working, but | theoretically the American public has not made up a verdict. To be sure of this one has only to note how many persons in de- manding opportunity for work for women basé the demand upon the fact that “‘so many women have to work.” In the pop- ular mind necessity is the ground upon which ‘the right of women to work for wages has been conceded. The ethical right of every woman as an individual to | some productive labor is yet an question with us in this cduntry. At this time we must leap this chasm of the degree of right to remunerat! work conceded to women and deal with the open | facts as they actually exist—namely, that women In great numbers are at work—and inquire into the opportunities .and obsta- cles which they are encountering, particu- lerly in the fiéld of business and in indus- trial pursuits. We shall note as well the share which leisure women may have in shaping their opportunities and removing the obstacles. Every section of our great | and heterogenecus hition presents such wid=ly varying phases of this problem that the ' value of any observations thereon must depend entirely upon the de- gree of the observer's local familiarity with the subject. I shall, therefore, cori- fine myself in this paper to comments | upon conditions in the séction which I know best, and in speaking cf the degree of opportunity for women in business and industrial affairs shall treat of conditions as they exist in. the eastern group of the In any case this sub- Jject as applied to the South would require distinct treatment since the work of wo- men in this section presents phenomena differing widely from. those of any other part of the couatry. Business Opportunities in the South. It is easy to understand the reason of these pecullar conditions when we take | into consideration the rapidity with which the wage-earning spirit has grown among the women of the South, and rémember that in an incredibly short time from al- most no working women at all this sec- tion now finds itself possessed of them in numbers equaling those oi any other sec- tion. Even the field of sténography—that most overcrowded of vocations—has been .ogen to women but a few short years in the South. +No exact dates can be given for a growth, but roughly ng twelve cover the period during which of women in offices in any caj at all usual. 1 number among my personal acquaintances a wo- man, still of dancing agé, who was for years the only woman sten T in Atlanta, the least typically. Southern of all Southern cities.. ; @ time is com- | she has not the time. | labor has but little | Considering that | e empioyvment in the United | | States, it seems hardly worth while to de- alluding to It here In connection with sten- ography, since these two vocations repre- | sent Thi greatest state of congestion. Hoth are badly overcrowded with ¥ou WO n men who should be dding some of xfno in- dustrial work which is going begging while they struggle for poorer-paying places in schools or offices because such | Work is more conventlonally recognized as the correct thing for women. Opportunities That Are Scorned. | Pitiful industrial incongrulties spring | from this state of affairs. Young women in actual need will seek In vain a teach- er's place or pupils in music or art, or struggle for a cheap position as stenog- rapher, while hundrcds of women about them are searching in vain for an intel- ligent person who can make a shirt waist of cook or cater with skill. The objectioi to domestic service, which exists every- | Where, finds reintorcement in the Soi in the fact that thc negro fills this field | absolutely. With 10.w0,000 persons of an inferior race nearly all engaged in man- ! ual labor, it is easy to see now the door of domestic service is shut upon’even the | poorest whites. here are howev | many branches of inaustrial ‘abor whick do not faH under ihe head of domestic | service in the sense of requiring the em- | ploye to enter the hcme of the employed. Sewing supplies the most notable ex- ample of this kind of gmployment, and next comes expert cookery which fur- nishes viands from outside the home. The | women’s clubs of the South are making great efforts through industrial trzining schools for whites to popularize these in- | dustries and attract to them some of the | young women who are overcrowding the office and the schoolroom. In a fa reaching way this eud will be effectually | furthered by the movement for a more | and more general manual training featurs | in popular education. for the acceptance | of which in the Souih women’s clubs are | | Not eo, AUTHORITY OF CAPTAINS AND SHIP PILOTS The Cail does not hold itself respansible for the ozimlons published in this column, but presents them for whatever value they may have as communications of general interest. THE EDITOR OF THE CALL: n accidents similar to that which eccurred to te City of Rio de Janeiro st je invariab observed that there are scores of those know intuitively “how it happemed,” “'wiy to be blamed,”” etc., and they proceed to raes judgment on the strength of thelr worthess opinfons. A asserts with confidence that Cap- taln Ward was solely at fault, while R i= equally certain that Pilot Jordan is to he he'd entirely responsible, neither of which srate. ments can be true if the narratives of vivors can be at all relied on. may be thrown on the maiter stmtements respecting the relative responsibii- ities and duties of masters and pllots. Neither “¥ain of my achievements nor of m= power of debate,” it may be stated that they are ma: | by one who has rved in all manner of ships, {in all capacities, and who has known practi- | cally the. entrances to most of the great ports Vof the world: | is at times a difference between | commandy: a ship and directing her mavi | tion: second, when thapavigation of a siip | Intrusted to & pilot no sensible master wiil in- terfere with that piint's judgment unless it be obvicus that he is either careless or clear’y in error: third. no pilet will—nor ean be—order “he anchor weighed without the express comsen the master; f h, when starting from as a chorage toward °T p a the unvary'ng rule is for the pilot an ster to confer as_to the proper time proceeding: 05, when a piiot declines res; lity for the nav- igation of a steamer he s eave th sixth, in entering ports like San Fram | pliot’s services are deemed chiefly of | f the sur. Some little ligh he follewing cause he is famillar with the ev | channe! and knows of any recent phenom | (a gale of wind, for example) which might tend to alter the normal trend of t (With facts of thls nature possible for the commander to fam self.) “The responsibility is g0 4 some will observe, “‘that no one | It would be an easy pages of this paper with perso but a couple will doubtless show clea; where responsibility directly lles. A larger mail steamer ihan the Rio was heading from the city of Melbourne toward the heads—a distance of, roughly, forty miles. The course ‘s straight to a big perch buoy for me thirty-five miles, when it turns almost at right angles around the end of a big bank. ‘When within about three miles of ¢ buoy it was clearly seen by the deck off (myself) on the port bow, which meant we were heading for the sand bank. The a | largely responsible. In Manufacturing Industries. i Passing from the industries which con- | cern the home and which are as yet al- | most totally undeve ! come to the treme: facturing industries. of such work in the Scuth women abound, but they have not yet made the slighte advance in position. This unopenea field is perhaps the most important one for which the Southern woman waits. The textile industries alone of this section bid fair to challenge the wonder of the world. Some idea of the dcvelopment along this | | line can be gathered from the fact t during the last -fourteen years the c | sumption of cotton by Southern mills has | increased 297 per cent, against 20 per cent of inciease during the same period by Eastern mills. During the iast year thir- even great cotton mills were erected in the State of Georgia alone, and the other Gulf States can show a somewhat similar record. It Is easy to see what im- mense opportunities are opening for those who seek work In the South, and since negroes rarely work in factories this fleld is reserved almost exclusively for the whites, as domestic service i1s for the other race. < Let us see what share women are secur- ng of this fast-developing industry. In he Jower grades of mil work they pre- vonderate, being so greatly in demand at spindle loom that i per cent of all the operatives in the mills of Georgia are | womeén and children. .But this work is ays at the bottom. The good-paying jositions, such as forewomen in manu- lacturing which North, Fast ar < ive employment to women of dignity_and inteiligence, are unknown in the South. Bince there is no prospect of their rising to share in' the work of superintendence the best class of women, from the point of View | of Industry and intelligence, do not go | into the manpfactories, or they leave | them as soon as possible. This fact eontributes to the congestion in office and schoolroom and swells the needy crowd of. applicants outside thetr doors. Many women who are not par- | ticularly fitted for either the office or the schoolroom would be most successful ments. Training Denied to Women. That this great avenue of usefulness is closed to Southern women is partly due | tc precedent and partly to the fact that while textile training is_'given to the voung men of the various Southern States | Who desire it all such opportunity is de- nied to the young wonien. 1 will again cite Georgia as the proud possessor of a school of technology of almost unegualed equipment and effi- ciency, with a textile department which matriculated more students last year than | any other in the world. But its doors are closed against the female citizens of | the State. Kvery step in the manufacture of textlles is taught here- from dyeing and designing to actual weaving. and if women were permitted to share these advantages there can be no doubt that | they would find greatiy increased oppor- | | tunities for tite exercite of skill and in~ custry. 3 This discrimination against women will, more effectually each year, forbld their | competition with men. for the better | grades of industrial activity, since formal | training in the industries will become in- creasingly demanded, and the boys of the South wiil have all of it and the giris will have nome. It is havdly necessary to say that the ciub womean of the South are agi- tating this question and will hammer at | these doors until they open. Billgto this (ffect have been twice lost in rgia’s Assembly, but there will be -other Assem- blies, and the club women, who may be counted on to be always on the alert, will mever rest until women are given cqual opportunities with men to share in the “higher grades of industrial employ- ment. - Women Must Join Unions. tories in such numbers there is much to be done. The 75 per cent of women and children already in mills need the efforts of the leisure wimen and are receivin them. The first struggle must be, o course, the effort to eliminate the children from the problem. The Southern States, which until recent years have been purely agricuitural. have on their statute books no labor legislation. An eleven-hour day is about the limit, and, as for children fcrewomen in manufacturing establish- | giienuy; For those women already” Mling the fac- | tention of the pilat was called fo the fact, but he said ke was aware of the position of the buoy. Fe was possibly taking advastage of some lccal current with which we were not tamili; The ship's . p n ‘was at once plotted on the ehart b a-lLedrings, and £gain five minutes later. The attention of the mander was immediately drawn, ani sim- the pilot—the The engines given giving " thit. order, md.. Carsful bear- w a quarter but as | she was steaming sixteén knots r thers was little margin of safety. - It 1 seem that the officer had acted with - sufficient promptitude, but that wes neither the. opinfon of the commarder nor of the owners When the matter was investigated AT the first su piclon of danger make certain and an especielly wise one. Had t in question run cn the bank the not have been held solely mander, 8 an der and navigating offieer quite sured The ste mship Carn Marth had coaled . Norfolk: Va.. and w: '‘ady to proceed to late one. winter's afterpoon. When the pllot same on board for thw purpose of taking the ship to sea he inquired from the commander how long it would take the vessel to make the off O1d Potnt Comfor he caid quite courtesusly, ng to do what 1 can to help You get'to sea to-night it you insist on. going. I will place all my knowledge at your disposal, but I must decline to be responsidle for the ship's safety."” “Will you come on the bridge with me?™ queried the master. “Only. as- & passenger, He was distinctly within his rights; the ship did not sail that night. Had she done so it would have been necessary to go through the narrows when it was quite dark and that is but not very.: dangerous. A wise man after reading the foregolng ob- | serves: I think I understand clearly enough now that'it is the duty of the commander, | through his officer: o always be convinced of the ship's safety whether he has a pilot or not, | and. now,. under the conditions prevailing at the time of this disaster,. whom would you com- sider moet to blame?’ And I am obliged to er, as will each sane and competent man, “Until the evidence is fully before one it is quite impossilile even ta say whether either the captain, his officers or-the pilot has committed | more than stmply an error of judgment.”* { WILLIAM C. BOYNS, ANSWERS TO QUERIES, | IN CHINESE WATERS Subscriber, | City. A child born on board an American | vessel in' Chinese waters is a native of the | United States. replied the pilot. | COUNT VON WALDERSEE — Sub- | seriber, Salinas, Cal. The German Em- peror's nomination of Fleld Marshal Count von Waldersee as military com- mander of the allied forces in China in the first part of August, 130, was acceded to with reasonable cordiality by all the gov- ernments. His power {s to.direct the motvements of the allied troops. | DUKE OF MANCHESTER-J. M. 8, Oakland, Cal. The Duke' of Manchester has done many peculiar things in his life | and - this department is unable fo.furnish | a reason for each of his eccentricities. The fact that he had his picture, measurs ments and description faken bv the Bertil- lon system in Cincinnati some time ags may have been a_desire on his.part to ascertain how perfect the system is —_—————— Choice candies, Townsend’s, Palace Hotel.* —_————————— \ ' i | Cal glace fruit S0c per Ib at Townsend's,> ———————— Special information supplied daily to business houses and public men by the Fress Clippitg Bureau (ANen's). 510 Mont- gomery st. 1elephone Main 1045, . they may work at any age, at the will of | idle parents. | | To prevent this has been the object OfI a flerce fight, now three years old, in the various States, between the mill ‘'owners | on the one hand and the laber unions t: muc! —— e It is estimated that a permahent chan- nel fourteen feet deep can be consiructed from St. Louix to Lake Michigan hy wag of the Iilino!s River. for 335,000,000, —_— ADVERTISEMINTS. | the women on the other. So far no I | islation has been secured, but so popular sentiment has been aroused that | the mill owners are about to perfect an agreement among themselves conceding a certain age limit and requiring a cer- tain amount of schooling for each child. This is_another. fight which will not be dropped. As for the factory woman and the la- boring woman everywhere there. is but one sure remiedy for all the ills of her condition, whether these ills lie in the - wages for which she works or the circum- stances under which she works. t alud‘ is ortulllnélon. ‘ll fl?nh mr\"ed of e o et 1o il do a8 much for the labor man and it ing woman. 1t is the function of the leisure woman to press this truth home upon the woman who works. and help and encourage her to the formation and maintenance of ns. Then she will not have to cut the unio: < = office work came of course te 'h- | throa The Legjslature of New Mexico wants to make the | 1n€: :'l:ich 'does mot fall under the :gpo live 37»“%.?&‘“ ::t::d Pecause. she h‘.w: e : 3 € | of this article, but which I mention here |.woman. £ playing ooi!nll a misdemeanor. This appears to ' because it was the e;nefl.n‘ wedge of E e be an effort designed 1o make light-of a grave offense. | Moo the CHi Wap Constituted the sajs | A, little boy hearing some one x The'manner in which football is generally played sug- | TeSOrt of the needy gentlewoman. - So | {21 notARE Ta8 4 fhan thought, 1 wt Y played sug- | ony persons of i hable lineage | S31d he o than that; whist | gests to the ordinary observer that it is a crime. bu worse than doubiful pedagogical at- e ) tatnments fe o one open door for | Rfan& ASES aer day T whis The Omaha kidnaper who has been caught has had et o a 1or e fore 1 1t sota for ft."— ! at least one satisfaction. "He had an advantage which SL e tnoueetes T 007 | his victim did not possess—he had every-reason to RS DALl | A HOTEL DEL COROXADO he seasn & 3 e Tecruits now on ibdmv‘etbatnoefiqn‘jluxbun‘lmmmr him and | this a m‘“ plans. Best of everything, “:w..-,. , put him out of harm's way. “acter of entertainment. . Apply 4 Montg-m- NURSING MOTHERS want Scott’s emulsion of cod- liver cil, almost without ex- ception.” So before they get to be mothers, eating for two is no small tax, continued for months. : The ‘emulsion not only is food itself; it gives strength fot digesting usual food. If the milk is scanty or poor, the emulsion increases supply ank Gusiklios quality. ; ‘We'll send yeu a little to try if you like. SCOTT & BOWNE, 4oy Poarisirees, New Vork.