The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 20, 1901, Page 6

Thre * S5k @l WEDNESDAY.............. FEBRUARY 20, 1901 JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Adéress All Commusiestions to W. 8. LEAKE, Manager. MANAGER'S OFFICE..... Telephone P s e PUBLICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, 8. F. Telephone Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS. ....217 to 221 Stevenson St. Telephone Press 202. Per Weelk. Single Co , 5 Cen Terms by Mail, Including Postage! DATLY CAL Sunda: DAILY CAI DAILY CAI DAILY CALL—Ey SUNDAY CALL, WEEELY CA . All postmasters are authorized to receive subscriptions. Sample coptes will be forwarded when requested. change of address should be +AND OLD ADDRESS in order compliance with thelr Tequest. ...1118 Broadway in order Matl subscribers DAKLAND OFFICE . GEO;GE KROGNESS. Masager Foreign Aévertising, Marquette Building, Chicage, (Long Distance Telephone “Central 2613.") NEW YORE CORRBESPONDENT: C. €. CARLTON... vees.Herald Square NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH.........30 Tribune Building NEW YORE NEWS STANDS: Weldorf-Astoria Hotel; A. Brentano, 31 Union Square; Murray Hil Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE....1406 G St., N. W. MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. Montgomery, corner of Clay, open yes, open until 9:30 o'clock. ™ open until 8:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin, open until $:30 o'clock. 1841 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, corner Sixteenth, open until § o'clock. 109 Valencla, open $ o'clock. 106 Eleventh, open until § o'clock. NW. cor- cond and Kentucky, open until 9 o'clock. BRANCH OFFICES— u 9:30 o'clock. 300 “The Waifs of New York™ Tncle Josh Spruceby.” Opera-house- » Jomes." February 3. of the Nile.” e Fadden.” ta, corper Mason and Eddy streets—S pecialties. Chutes Zoo and Theater—Vaudeville every afternoon and Fischer s—Vaudeville. « te Hali—Abt, the Mandolinist. “ub (Oakland)—Races. PHILIPPINE FACTS. ¢, the Secretary of War for the first time this dispatch from General Mac- MANILA, Dec. WASHINGTO g It of the election have pacification is apparent very inflexible and who predicted certain ef- proph any tantial foundation for their ad Mr. Bryan succeeded there would le change, and his defeat was equally in the Philippines is not begun, if one to a de d desirable end. If only the v were involved the way up would be comparatively plain. of the issues. questions there underlie and overlie sov- y issues of land tenure, ecclesias- tical corporations asserting secular ownership, and of hat have heretofore been dealt nly by the people immediately af- r independent and sovereign capacity. ipinos were a free and independent sov- y would solve in a year all that is in- nited States. That fact it is which inflexible and threatens to make of sovereig obler them chro! The Am: people have never been informed of of facts about that forbidding and abhorrent problem which they have undertaken to solve. When the General in command sends such a dis- petch as that of December 25 and Congress appro- priates $400,000,000 in one year to the military and only $360,000,000 to the civil purposes of the govern- ment, public: curiosity will be whetted for the facts. The seeker for the truth must find it in a maze of conflicting statements, and when found it will be a kernel inclosed probably in 2 husk of religious preju- dice or partisan bi can bod The most painstaking compilation yet made has just | been issued by Mr. H. H. Van Meter of Chicago, consisting of official documents and authentic state- ments from a great variety of sources. But it is ill- digested and lacks sequence, and leaves with the reader the Jabor of rearrangement and the proper cor- relation of facts, with a reassignment in their chrono- | gratifying. logical order of those which are to be treated as causes of effects, which are misplaced in the author’s disarrangement of his material. Yet with all its faults the book illuminates the sehject and presents a mass of material which will | inspire some one to a more orderly arrangement and a close relation between premise and conclusion. Tt is evident that the Philippine problem has ele- ments capable of producing the most profound dis- turbance in our domestic politics, and. of transferring to this republic some ni the burning issues which long ago afflicted the Old World. There is nothing cheerful in the outlook as to the jslanders themselves. The withdrawal of troops and relaxation of garrison vigilance will likely be followed by a recrudescence of their national aspirations, sharpened by a spirit of revenge, and the inflexibls conditions will become chronic, as General MacAr- thur has predicted. — Dispatches announze that some of our solons at Sacramento are becoming restless snd “hungry.” They should have 2 care to avoid any demonstration which may lead them to the predicament of feeding at the expense of the State. There has been discovered in operation in New York City a training school for beggars, so it seems | have succeeded in doing has been but a beginning in that in the general spread of enlightenment every sort | the great work of the kind that ought to be done. of profession is going in for higher education. lt_ is mte.d that Pierpo.m }.{otgln’I four months’ | consumption in the form in which Califofnians have c-uise now in contemplation is to be merely for his | been in the habit of selling it. The prune-growers, e 4th inst., in response to an inquiry by the | | other gifts, graces and virtues to the equator, to prevail unchallenged. The native article has to be reckoned with. After all there are other Kahunas than those that conjure under the alligator pear trees of Hawaii. Mr. Croker is the great Kahuna of Tammany, who ren- is to be produted by the election at | | ders unto,no man an zccount of his incantations, and THE HAWAIIAN DELEGATE. HE failure of the attack on Mr. Wilcox will T admonish the people of Hawaii and teach them the serious nature of the obligations imposed by annexation. In the rush of adventurers to Honolulu which fol- lowed the revolution of 1893 there was imported nearly every trick and artifice known to the politics of this country. These were by no means in abeyance during the interregnum between the revolution and annexation, but were brought to bear to effect the latter. It is one of the interesting incidents of the transfer of sovereignty to this country that the Ha- waiian Government did not officially participate in the act that made transfer possible. That Government ratified a treaty of annexation, which was also sub- mitted to the Senate for ratification, and failed. That failure killed the treaty. It was void, null, and as if it had never existed. Therefore the action of the Ha* waiian Government upon annexation was also void, and fell dead, ineffective and without force. The ef- fort at annexation perished on the doorstep of th: United States Senate. It would never have revived | had not the Spanish war occurred. When that short and not very glorious struggle occurred Congress passed a joint resolution annexing Hawaii, and the Hawaiian Government took no legislative action at all nor did anything ‘n the way contemplated by its constitution. The United States simply went over and took possession. The natives and their close congeners seem to have comprehended the kind of politics which that lcose action implied, and pro- ceeded to fortify themselves and prepare to do politics on their own acount. When the first election took place there was an eye- opening surprise. The Republican and Democratiz | parties had held conventions and made a campaign | in the good old-fashioned way. - It was a continental campaign, however, tramsplanted to insular con- ditions, and it failed to work. The Republican and Democratic candidates for Congressional delegate were snowed under, over- whelmed in a brotherhood of misfortune, and - Mr. Robert Wilcox, native, soldier, scholar, sentimentai- ist, adventurer, revolutionist, was elected by a major- ity so large that a recount held out no hope, and a contest was out of the question. It is said the Kahunas did it. These Kahunas rep- resent the ancient priesthood, and their wink goes a { long distance with the native voter, whose respect for Christianity has been somewhat shaken, and | whose faith in Pele has revived. It is rather hard to find fault with the Kanakas and the Kahunas in view of the fact that the other par- Ili(=< were conjuring for votes in the name of Chris- tian civilization. The Kahuna had the same right to | conjure and exercised it with better effect. He stood for the other kind of civilization, for the Hawaii of the Conqueror, and won. The victory of Wilcox may do us some good at home. We must not expect to expand into the tropics and carry our America there. We must thus early get accustomed to the peculiarities of the va- rious gribes of men we have taken in. Annexation . | does not extend New England climate, pie for break- | fast, Chicago politics, Tammany tactics and all our | has he not been hailed as a prophet by that othar as a beginning the entry upon a policy that is | | and, after all, it is probable that if his two com- | peerless and oratorical Kahuna of Nebraska? There was no just cause for refusing Mr. Wilcox | his seat. He is a picturesque person with a pictur- | esque record, representing a picturesque district; petitors, the Hon. Sam Parker and Prince David, | were slratched the old order would be found just as | close to their skins as it is to his. - If we are to have Polynesia in this Union let it be represented not only | by Polynesians in blood but in belief and in prac- i tice. o e 'i | OUR FRUIT IN GREAT BRITAIN. ROM a report just received by the State Dc- [:pznmem from Consul Boyle of Liverpool it ap pears some of the leading papers in Great Brit- 2in are discussing with considerable earnestness ~the growth of the sale of California fruit products in the British market. Thus the London Telegraph is quoted as having recently stated: “Many interesting facts are to be gleaned as to the growing part that fruit pulps from abroad are playing in the manufacture | of English jams. When a single order from one noted | London firm alone amounts to twenty-eight tons of | apricot pulp from California, it will convey some idea | of the magnitude the system is attaining. Plums, pineapples, quinces, apples and peaches are also largely utilized in this way, and the latest triumph, as | it is claimed, in this direction is that of being able to { send into this country strawberry pulp. Small won- | der, indeed, that the British grower has cause for | complaint ‘that the demand is not what it was’ for his products.” Shipment of fruit pulp in such quantities from: California to the British market is to a certain extent It is a proof that a rich market is within reach and promises to afford us an ample consuming power for the output of our orchards. With proper transportation facilities, and they may be expected in the near future, there ic no reason why we should not furnish from California orchards the great bulk of the finer fruits needed by the British people. | | | There is, however, another side to the trade that is by no means so satisfactory. We are sending fruit pulp to Great Britain to be made into jellies and jams | and conserves of various kinds. When they have been thus manufactured into the highest forms known to the market the British manufacturer sells them in all parts of the world. A considerable bulk of British fruit preserves is, in fact, sold right here in San | Francisco, and doubtless some of those preserves ars | made from fruits that were grown in Californian val- | leys. Thus we send the raw material to London and bring back the finished article. Why should we not manufacture the fruit at home? For many years past the prefits of fruit-growing in California have been so large that it has engaged al- most all the capital available for use in the fruit in- dustry. The work of preparing the fruit for market has been confined mainly to drying it or putting it up in cans. It is true that there are several manufac- turers of fine grades of fruit preserves, but their oper- ations are on comparatively a small scale. What they At the present time there are signs that the profir- able growing of fruit has about reached the limit of | the Senators have been more successful. hezlth, but the chances are the old fellow has decided | for example, can hardly sell the crop of last season. to take a look at the earth before he buys it Such beinz the case, the time has come when a pot- facturing fruit preserves. South for anything except cotton-planting. found themselves compelled to quit cotton-growing. The industry would support none but those who de- voted all their energies to it. The consequence was that all of the amateur cotton-growers were forced to seek other investments for their money. Naturally they turned to the manufacture of cotton, and in a com- paratively few years small cotton mills sprang into operation all over the Southern States. Something of the same kind is about to happen in California. The industry of fruit-growing in this State will soon have to be left to men who make it the object of their daily work. The amateurs will have to quit the business. The money thus released from the cultivation of orchards will be available for use in the operation of fruit factories. We shall cease shipping fruit pulp. We shall ship the finest jams, jellies and conserves in the world, and fruit which would now be sold for a few cents a pound will then bring ten times the amount. e THE POWERS OF THE SENATE. TUDENTS of the evolution through which our S system of government is going have been giv- ing much attention of late to the increasing powers of the Senate. Two events of the present ses- sion have served to mark the nature of the increase. First, the manner in which the Senators dealt with various treaties negodiated by the administration shows a tendency on the pa-t of the Senate to assume scmething like the whole treaty-making power of the Government. Second, the rejection of the war revenue reduction bill sent up from the House, and the virtual creation of a new bill under that title, implies an assumption of authority to deal with revenue measures on its own initiative. The constitution provides that the President “shall have power by and with the consent of the Senate to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur.” Under that clause the President has been regarded as the diplomatic head of the country. He it is who has had the sole right of initiating trea- ties. Once upon a time when Jackson was President Congress undertook to take the lead in a matter of | diplomacy by passing a bill to compromise certain claims under a treaty with the King of the Two Sici- T'es, but Jackson vetoed it on the ground that the constitution gave him authority for negotiating trea- ties with foreign countries and he had no need for further authority from Congress. It will also be re- membered that the Senate once undertook to take | the initiative in treaty-making while Cleveland was This time It has been noted as a matter of some significance that in origin- ating a new convention in place of the Hay-Paunce- fote treaty the Senate substituted the phrase “treaty-making power” instead of the word “Presi- dent” when speaking of the authority by which the convention was proposed. In a similar way have been the aggressions upon the prerogative of the House. Under the constitution the House has the sole right to originate revenue bills. The Senators, however, have gradually built up for themselves authority to virtually set that rule at de- fiance. They took large liberties in amending the McKinley tariff, the Wilson tariff and the Dingley tariff; but all that was done in those cases was as rothing to that accomplished in dealing with the re- duction bill. In that case they virtually set aside thes House bill altogether and substituted a new one. When the Senate measure was reported to the House objection was made to it on the ground of unconsti- tutionality, but the objection was not sustained, so hat a precedent has now been established whereby the Senate can set aside 1 House revenue bill altogether and make one of its own. The two cases taken together show that the strength of the Government is steadily passing into the hands of the Senate. At the present time the Sea- President, but was baffled in the attempt. | ators have virtually obtained control of the civil ser- vice and claim the right to dictate a very large pro- portion of all the Presidential appointments. 'When Cleveland was President two worthy appointments to the Supreme Court were rejected by the Senate be- cause Senator Hill was opposed to them. If, now, the Senate establishes the right to set one treaty aside and make a new one, not in the name of the Presi- dent, but in the name of “the treaty-making power,” and if, in addition thereto, it can set aside a revenue bill of the House and substitute a new one, it will have something like control over both foreign and domestic affairs. The laws of evolution apply to governments as to irdividuals, and when once a certain tendency of growth has been firmly set the progress in that direc- tion is apt to be rapid. It is therefore worth while to consider whether the time has not come when some check should be put upon a body which has obtained | an unconstitutional control of patronage and is using it to increase its power in every branch of the Gov- ernment. The Chicago Judge who recently set aside a ver- | dict of a jury because it was based upon evidence given by women has had the satisfaction of causing a good deal of talk, but unfortunately for him it is not the kind of talk that will encourage any one else to follow the precedent. sy 4 Our local health officials are again playing fast and loose with death. This time a patient at the Receiv- ing Hospital has learned that he died at the County Hospital. He probably thinks that the doctors are determined to kill him even by proxy. The Italian Ministry which resigned a few days ago was accused on the one hand of being too liberal and on the other of not being liberal enough. This ap- pears to be one of those middle-of-the-road affairs which ends between #wo grindstones. bRty 3 General Roberts says that the only way in which to end the South African war is to disarm the Trans- For brilliancy of suggestion this equals the shrewd observation that a man to be rich must have vaal. money. Mark Twain's contributions to the reviews since his return home have been so extremely serious as to overdo the business and incline a good many people to believe he is working a new kind of joke on the country- employment not in growing more fruit but in manu- The res!,llt is'sure to prove beneficial in the end. ‘We can learn in that respect a valuable lesson from the Southern States. So long as cotton sold at 10 cents or more per pound there was no money in the The whole South had but that one industry. When the output of cotton became so large that the crop brought hardly more than 5 cents a pound the indus- try became unprofitable to large numbers of people. The lawyers, merchants, bankers and others who un- der the old price could make a profit from their fields Tt is now ten vears since the General Federation of Women's Clubs was organ- ized, and of the many movements which have directly or indirectly been fostered by it that of State federation Is undoubt- edly the most far-reaching in the in- fluence which it exerts. In 1883, three vears after the general federation was or- ganized, the Towa Federation of Women's Clubs, composed of clubs from all parts of that State, some being members of the general federation though more were not, applied for membership in the general federation. As there was absolutely .,no provision in the constitution for a State association the Towa federation was ad- mitted on the same terms as an individ- ual club would have been, paying a bi- ennial due of $10 and nndlnghthgl pre:l; two delegates to the blennla gae:e::ifid In the £l¥d art of 1804 the Btate federations of ne and Massa- chusetts applied for membership and were also admitted on the same terms as was Icwa. Between May, 1894, and May, 1896, seventeen States organized federa- tions and were taken into membership in the general federation, still on the same basis as individual clubs, though by this time several of them embraced nearly 100 clubs in their membership. The States thus admitted were Utah, Kansas, Illi- L - A}.l' te. 2, Bemloue Phreo, ELLEN M. HENROTIN. 3 * nois, New York, New Jersey, Kentucky, Minnesota, Missouri, Michigan, New Hampshire, Ohio, Nebraska, Tennessee, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania and Wash- ington. The District of Columbla was also admitted. Growth of State Federation Influ- ences. At the Louisville biennial meeting, held in June, 1596, the principle of a recognition of the State federation per se as en- titled to a larger representation than a club was established. Since that meeting the tendency has been to grant more power to the State federations, to recog- nize the influence which they exert, and to increase their representation and their dues. During the period from May, 1896, to May, 1888, the following State federa- tions were admitted: Wisconsin, North Dakota, Arkansas, ~Connecticut, Dela- ware, Georgia, Florida, Vermont and Ok- lahoma. Thus in five years' time twenty- nine States organized federations and joined the general federation. During that time Alabama formed a federation, but did not join the general federation, and is thus the only one not affiiated with her sister States. Since 1598 six other States have organized and become mem- bers of the general federation—South Carolina, Maryland, South Dakota, In- diana, California and Texas. At the Denver biennial meeting in 1898, State line for the first time was closely drawn, and, being conscious of their new- found power, they forced the reluctant assembly to enlarge further their repre- sentation and to introduce a per capita due and in other ways to legislate for the State federation per se as composing a district_ body within the general federa- tion. From the Denver meeting dates the agitation for a reconstruction of the gen- eral federation, not as a federation of clubs, but of State federation’s and other | societies. The State as a Unit of Action. The lines of work carried on by the clubs and societies can be classified as educational_ literary and civic. In recent Years the study of sociology has ' been added, and a few clubs are now organized on an industrial basis. Naturally the practical work which the clubs undertake centers in the city or the State. Even with the rapid centralization of the Na- tional Government uli the governmental acts which affect a man’s comfort or his daily life are those of the city, county or State. _There is, consequently, a reason why these organizations selected the State as the unit of action. The resi- dents of a State, outside a few large cities, as New York, Chicago or Philadei- phia, have also a certain similarity of aim and attain about the same degree of culture; in each State of the Union there exfsts a State standard of life—educa- tional and industrizl conditions are more or less alike all over the State. It is man- ifestly impossible for the General Federa- tion of Women's Clubs to formulate, still less put into practice, any line of study or practical effort which® will meet the requirements of all parts of this widely separated country. The president of the State Federation, who is by reason of her position acquainted with the prevailing conditions, is thus able to formulate a Elan of work which suits the members of er federation, and she can select from her knowledge of iheir fitness the right women to carry out her plans. Tendencies of State Federation. There are several other causes which explain the rapid growth and great effi- ciency of these organizations. hen the women’s clubs were first organized the O Gemocratic I principle, though they rapidly became so in practice. ) clubs at first represented a most difficult class of women to Org: e, being com- osed of well-to-do—even wealthy—mem- Pers, with intellectual tastes and conser- vative tendencies; members were unwill- ing to join organizations which were dis- cussing social or economic conditions; it Was only after a long struggle that the more liberal members succeeded in intro- ducing what is called, for want of a 'bet- ter name, ‘“practicai work”; in other words, ““to translale sentiment into ac- tion.” From their inception the State federations were more democratic than was the general federation; they have forced the latter into lceePtIng a more liberal and progressive policy. The an- nual due of the State federation is a small one; many clubs having a small membership or a small annual due ‘feel inclined to Enln. The State federation has not refu to admit clubs composed of religious bodies, while a clause in the constitution of the general federation was untfl quite recently so interpreted as practically to debar such socleties from membership. The State federations hold annual meetings, while those of the | federation are bie general £ ennial, Whil greabm has been made to hold th‘u: jennial meetings in different sections of the country, the attendance of delegates from the Blates situated st the Sressoes distance was of ty v P““ of meeting of the State on s within the reach of all the delegates body of club women. At State PAPERS ON CURRE PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR TaE SAN FraNncisco CALL. General View of the Women’s Club Move-. ment and What the Federations Are Accomplishing. EESENE rEes By Ellen M. Henrotin, EX-PRESIDENT OF THE GENERAL FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS. (COPYRIGHT, 1%0L) ~TOPICS, gives such clubs the opportunity to pre- sent their cause. Thus it is not difficult to explain the rapid increase in the mem- bersh?p of the State federations and their growing influence. Clubs in the Various States. The largest State federation is that of Ohto, which has & membership of 250 clubs. Illinois comes next with 224 clubs. New York has 213; Iowa, 183; Massachu- setts, 150; Wisconsin, 120; Minnesota, 121; Texas, 109; Pennsylvania, 112; Kansas, 103; Michigan, 9, and Missouri, 0. The smali- est is that of Indiana, with five clups. The largest per capita membership is that of the New York State Federation, which claims 30,000 members. Illinois has 25.000; Massachusetts over 21,000; Pennsyivania, 10,98. Ohio, with the largest number of clubs, has a r capita membership of $57. Colorade has more clubs in member- ship in the General Federation than has any other State. Of the 100 clubs of the Colorado State Federation 74 are also members of the General Federation. Only 56 Illinots clubs are in the General Federa tion. New York, with its large State membership, has only 2 clubs in the Gen- eral Federation. Maine, with a State membership of 100, has but four clubs in the General Federation, while Georgia has but 12 in the national organization. For the last four years the General Fed- eration has relied entirely for its increasc in membership on the State federations, and outside of the State federations the membership of the General Federation has been practically stationary. The re- sult of this state of affairs is lamentable; the States will increase in power and will exert more and more influence in the council of the General Federation. The presidents of the State federations, or the boards of directors of those bodies, since | the Milwaukee biennial meeting, appoint the secretary, who has charge of all the @eneral Federation matters for her State. The General Federation has, then, no di- rect communication with the clubs of the State. The claim of the State Federation for] a per capita representation is being prdctically conceded, and a l0-cent per capita tax was adopted at Denver. erritorial federations are also eligible, as are national societies and kindred or- ganizations, for membership in the Gen- eral Federaton. When the presidents of the State feder- ations shall become members of the exec- utive board of the General Federation and proportional representation shall be adopted the General Federation will in- crease in inffuence and in usefulness and will become, as it were, a great clearing- house for the women's organizations .f the country. Until that time arrives it is serfously hampered by its lack of co-ordi- nation, and also by the fact that it prac- tically’ duplicates, at long range, the work of the State federations. Practical Work of Club Women. The work of the State federations is yearly becoming more practical. From the recent reports of the annual meetings some conception can be gathered of the importance of the results obtained by the State federations. It goes without say- ing that the chief interest of each one is in education—beginning with the kinder- gorten and_extending to the university. n all the State reports educational work occupies the prominent position, while on every programme is the topic of the edu- cation of,neglected, delinquent and de- pendent ciMdren. In Illinofs the agitation ed by Mrs. J. M. Flower, Miss Lathrop of the State Board of Charities and the late Mrs. Ay P. Stevens aroused all the women's clubs, and the influence exerted by the State Federation and the individunl clubs was a great factor in securing much needed legislation for that class of chil- dren. The practical result of that legisla- tion is the assured fact of the juvenile court and the parental school. 'All the State federations have advocated the founding of kindergartens in connectioa with the public school system. In many cities the industrial clubs have supported ana are still supporting kindergartens, while In many cities, as a result of the efforts of the clubs, kindergarteus have been incorporated as a part of the public school system. Several of the State fed- erations are devoting much attention to the furthering of special school legislation. One of the branches of work of the Mis- souri Federation is reform in school laws. South Carolina has a department of work “establishing free kindergartens in fac- tory counties and in neglected localities,” and that federation has also secured free scholarships for a large number of stud- ents in colleges. The Texas Federation has a department to improve the unds about the public schools and furnish col- lections of good photographs to adorn the walls. At the last annual meeting of the New Hampshire Federation it was decid- ed to secure the needed legislation to es- tablish a home for feeble-minded childrea. Up to that time the State had no place for the care of this unfortunate class. in Nebraska the State Federation is in active co-operation with the State Teachers’ As- sociation. New York has a departmeat devoted to child study. Tennessee and Georgia are working to introduce manual training into the public schools. ‘Establishing Free Libraries. Public and traveling libraries are adyvo- cated by all the State federations. Tn 1883 the State of New York inaugurated the traveling library system in connection Wwith the State library. The clubs of Ohio, under the able leadership of Mrs. Book- walter, induced the State librarian to send traveling libraries to the women’s clubs. The experiment was at once ‘. success. Michigan has over 200 librarfes for farm- ers’ clubs and country towns. The Legis- lature of lIowa has adopted the traveling library as a part of the State library sys- tem. Wisconsin has been very active in sectiring traveling librarfes. — Senator Stout originated the movement and fur- nished’ twenty-four libraries. Mrs. Mor- ris, ex-president of the Wisconsin federa- tion, was placed by the Governor on the State board, and the clubs of Wlisconsin have furnished many of the libraries now in circulation. Several of the Illinois clubs have equipped libraries and started them on their journeyings. The New Jer- sey federation has secured an appropria- tion from the State for this purpose. Th State federations of Georgla, Tennessee and Kentucky have each a system of trav- eling libraries for the mountain districts. Kentucky has fifty-five libraries, averag- ing fifty-five volumes to the box, in circu- lation. The clubs are also collecting good photographs of famous pictures l.nd‘ send- ing these collections to the rural districts and to the mountaineers. In every State the federations are organizing public trav- eling and school libraries. Many Improvement Associations. Next in interest are the departments of civics and town and village improvement societies. There is a marvelous record of what has been accomplished in this branch of work by the State federations from Texas to Maine and from the Pa- cific to the Atlantic. Small parks have been purchased and dedicated to the use of the children. The members of the New federation are assisting in rals- ing the $500,000 ation 18 werkisg ¢ the large red ation is wi to protect large - wood New Hampshire, venia and Maine are attracting attention to the question of pre- serves. The Illinols and chusetts federations have a lecture on the plant- o n::gflmo .g’f t{ea. |Ifldlfl’9t olrlrd'p- cal and vl D mprovement, The locture is by slides, the clubs of the Georgia has a s and to Btate free of ant 1In only four Is Dakota S P R and social economics lhfl.“mmpnln t’fl!‘l‘l‘nfi. Colorado, .:E ew 3 sachusetts and Oklahoma; while house- P Tedera e e North Dakota, New York, Michigan, Towa and Kansas. Maryland has a spe. cial department of finance. Oregon has just a State fed. eration and has aj for membership in the general federation. Loulsiana hag also organized a State f¢ n. o this brief Toview of the organiza- tion and rapid development of the Stats federations some Idea of their far-reach w influence may be gleaned. t goes thout saying that as t are all work- ing in educational, instructive and dinating lines their work i3 litiie known and not appreciated at Half iy value. But as the State federations b come more consclous of their power they will learn to use it; it will always be to the advantage of any State to within its borders a large body of wo: ed to the higher interests of ed civics and soclal economics ap ANSWERS TO QUERIES. THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC-O. C. 8., C1 There was a woman's crusade again.: liquor traffic in the State of Ohio. It be- gan in February, 1574 ARROWHEADS AND RAYS-S. A 7, City. It is not the half dollars of 1%3 with arrowheads at the date and r around the eagle that command a p jum. It is those without, for which an a1 vance of from $20 to 330 is offered. SECTIONS, Subscriber, City. The dif ferent United States land offices can fur nish plats of the district in which t are located, showing the territory out in sections and marked. Any class bookseller can obtain for you s a map as you ask for. A DESERTER—C. R., San Leandro, 1l A deserter from the navy of the U States is a deserter always, unless p doned by the President. If the auth desfre they can prosecute a_des any time, but the rule followed is ¢ cute him within a certain time. In re. gard to the case named in the letror of {nquiry, communicate with the co ant at the Navy Yard, Mare Is! THE EDWARDS OF ENGLAND-M. € D., San Rafael, Cal. To amswer all tho questions in a comprehensive man: relation to the Edwards of Englan take up a great deal more space th department can devote to any one o spondent. The information asked may bs obtained in any history of England 2 more condensed form in any first- encyclopedia. BLUE GLASS, CRAZE—Inquirer land, Cal. What was known as “t glass craze” was at its height in th part of 1§7. General Pleasanton cl that he had demonstrated by a series of experiments that the blue rays of the <un had pecullar properties, due, it was hoid, to the fact that it gemerated or ¢ tributed the latent electricity fn the mosphere. Under its influence both mal and vegetable life was sald to be in- fluenced: the sick were to be restored to health, and there was to be a revolution right away in the matter of treatment of the afflicted. For sick persons from one- quarter to ons-half of admitted light Should pass through blue glass. and for plants one-eighth. The idea was given a fair trial, but did not come up to expecti- tions. Oak~ —_—————— AT HOTEL DEL CORONADO the season i3 now on at full tide. American and European plans. Best of everything, including the char- acter of entertainment. Apply 4 New Montgom- ery st., city, for special ticket. PERSONAL MENTION. W. D. Tillotson, & Redding attorney, I8 stopping at the Grand. E. F. Valentine, an ofl man of Fresno, 13 registered at the Lick. W. W. Middlecoff and wife of Stockton are at the Occidental. D. T. Helen and wife of Duluth, Minn., are at the Occidental. D. C. Corbin, a capitalist of Spokans, ig registered at the Palace. b D. V. Lyman, a mining man of Reno, is a guest at the Palace. H. 8. Kirk, a Sacramento attorney, i1 registefed at the California. Hervey Lindley, a mining man of Klamath, Or., Is a guest at the Palace. C. W. Meer, a hardware merchant of Sacramento, accompanied by his wife, is at the Lick. F. V. T. Lee, a prominent electrical ens gineer of this city, has taken quarters at the California. R. C. Stevens, general Western passen. ger agent of the Great Northern in Seat tle, is in the city. A. J. Fox, a leading merchant of De« troit, Mich., accompanied by his wife, ix registered at the Occidental A. M. Barnum, traveling passenges agent of the Pledmont Air Line, witk headquarters in Los Angeles, is on a visig to San Francisco. E. E. Waide, chief clerk of the general passenger department of the Southern Pa« cific in this city, left last evening for & trip to Washington, D. C. Mr. A. Stuart, representing Brown Bros, Company, cigar manufacturers, of Dey troit, Mich., is spending a few days with their coast agents, Messrs. Wellman, Peck & Co. George Aubert and Charles Mfl young Parisians, connected with Temps of Paris, are at present in the city, They are on their way back to Francq after a tour of the world. Walter N. Will, son of W. A. WY, thq merchant of this city, left yesterday for Hongkong to embark in business. Wil has recently returned from South Africa, where he served with distinction in & regiment of the Imperfal Light Horse —_—————— CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORKy - NDW YORK, Feb. 18.—The following Californians are In New York: From Sa: Francisco—S. Bernstein, at the Heral Square; W. E. Graves, at the Navarret H. H. Hoffman, at the Gerard; E. W, Newhall, at the Navarre; T. S. Nickling at the Rossmore; H. Huntington, at the Netherland: J. A. McNelill, at the Savoy} H. H. Allen, at the Glisey. From Lod Angeles—E. 8. Waldron, at the Hoffman, ————e— Choice candies, Townsend's, Palace Hotel.d ——— e Cal. glace frult 50c per Ib at Townsend's.¢ plmbandistdtesSrineaininis information supplied dally iness houses and Bureau gomery st. e It is the custom of tife Alabama of the United Mine Workers to elect negro as vice president. —————————— ADVERTISEMENTS. “GOES TO THE SPOT" There is food that feeds tha lungs and wind-pipes; it feeds thewholebedy;butthelung part more than the rest of the bodys Scott’s emulsion of cod-live# oil. You think it not food but 3 medicine. Both. There is more lung food, inan ounce of it, than in a pound of portem house steak; and “it goes ta the spot” What else doey “medicine” mean? It “goes to the spot.” We'llsend you a ittleto try, 1 you like. SCOTT & BOWNE, 409 Pearl street, New Yorlj 1