The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 8, 1901, Page 7

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, v!hIDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1901 ADVERTISEMENTS. LAST TWO WEEKS’ MENT. MRS. FISKE —PRESENTING— TESS OF THE D'URBERVILLES. ENGAGE- LAST MATINEE SATURDAY of TESS of the D'L’RBERV!LLES. February 11, LAST WEEK OF MRS. FISKE. TESS OF THE DURBERVILLES, 4, Matinee “BECKY SHARP.” SEATS NOW ON SALE MOROSCO’S CRAND OPERA HOUSE NEES SATURDAY and SUNDAY. OF THE GREATEST SH COMEDIAN, CHARLES ERIN VERNER, NIGHTE, 5HAMUS O’BRIEN A few front rows Reserved Seat in Or- | c. Branch Ticket NG OF THB MO- rew ME. SARAH BERNHARDT ~——AND— M. COQUELIN, RAMATIC POEM, g o AIGLON" “PHEDR! “LES PR!'.C"?L SE 5 kHDlfiCL{LE . [ s F " Monday S— " & \\()THI,R BIC BILL' L INIE I J\ I‘»\) .:V\!;I £ BIOGKAFLL THE ! lNE hELSONS G! AND SUNDAY ND SUNDAY. ELODRAMA—A DAUGHTER OF THE MILLION. ng Bituatio e THE SATA'\' v SORROWS OF t fr ouk pany PRICES. DAY NIGHT. SOUSA EATS NOW READY ALHAM YFFI tisees & Evening s A"&%RSR 1GHTS. » SUNDAY. vo Continents, J UDAH ur Jon NEXT WE! K— Aug Ing Comedy, “A NIGHT OFF.”’ SEATE NOW READY. THE SAN FRANCISCO JOCKEY CLUB, TANFORAN PARK-THIRD MEETING. to Saturdey, February Mcndsy, January %, Inclusive. EIX CR MORE RACES EACH WEEK DAY. Events, Three Hurdle Races and Six Steeplechases. £ OF THE DAY AT 2 Eix Btake 210 P, M. Park at 7, 10:40, 11:30 8. m., 1 1:30 - . “foliowed after the Seats in rear cars for heir escorts. Admirsion to course, | road fare, SLIS. MILTON 8. LATHAM. TRacing Secrétary. FISCHER'S CONgERZ, HUSE: Ali Zada, Dalton and Lewis, the Marc: 2 Levy, Cunningham, Harry airbanks brothers and Hinrichs rchéstra Reserved Seats 2¢c. Matinee Sunday. | Reserved seats, ave Third and Townserd streets for Trains leave Tanforan Pari: for | S 3 & few minutes by sev- ‘ RHEUMATIS ' My RHEUMATISM CURE is just as cer- | tain to cure rheumatism as water is to lqnench thirst. No matter what part of the body the pain may be in or whether it | 1s acute or chronic, MUNYON'S RHEUMA- | TISM CURE will drive it out in a few | hours, and fully cure in a few days— | MUNYON. | yon's Dyspepsia Cure will cure any case igestion or stomach trouble. | Ninety per cent of kidney complaints, in- | cluding the earliest stages of Bright's Disease, { - B3 | | can be cured with M yon's Kidn Cure. will cure catarrh of . “throat and stomach, Bow long standing. Nervous affections and diseases of the heart are controlled and cured by Munyon's Nerve and Hea Munyc f o gl Munyon's Vitalizer restores lost posvers to | weak men. Price 81 | The GUIDE TO HEALTH (free) tells about diseases and their cure. Get it at any drug | store."The Cures are ali on ale thers. mostiy at 25 cents a vial. ‘} Munvon, New York and Philadelphia. | no matter of rt Cy re. 1d Cure will break up any form MUNYON'S INHALER CURES Ci AUTOWEAR - Mabe sy GEO pflozaco HONVYHE LEY0D - L3IIYTS LIVHY N These hotels pos- sess the attributes PALACE at tourists and a"d travelers appreciate central location, liberal manage- GRAND HOTELS, San Francisco ment, pointments perfect cuisine Ameri and Eu- ropean plans n ~ COLUMBIA 255 LEADING THEATRE "h" Wag als ana K er _Preseat | Lovis K THRYN JAMES s~ KIDDER urmw‘ Scenic I.Ml\fil of ''A MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM” | Saturday Night, ““RICHARD Ul Sunday Night, “MACBETH.” SOUSA @ 3 COMING TO ALHAXBRA NEXT SUNDAY NIGHT. ® Concerts—Sun., Wed.. Thurs., Fri., Sat ale‘at Alhambra box COLLMBIA THEATER-=Extra EUNDAY AFTERNOON, FEB, 1, At 2 o'clock sharp. NINTH ANNUAL BENEFIT In ald of 'CHARITY FUND SAN FRANCISCO LODGE, NO. 21, Thea rical Mechanics’ Association, A HOST OF ATTRACTIONS! the T BEST BILL EVER GIV N IN THE CITY. 0c and SL on sale at the box office. *TIVOLI* IT'S ALL THE RAGE! Now Evenings at 5. Matinee Saturday at 2. THE COMIC OPERA PAR EXCELLENCE! ~—PLANQUETTE 8— NELL GWYNNE! Coming—~WIZARD OF THE NILE, With JOT MON" WHEELAN POPULAR FRICES. 2% and 50 cents fiREATtS] LIVING s MANDOLIY VIRTU0SO. SALE The ZENO MAUVAIS C CO. 8 69 Market st. 'y. M. C. A. HALL, L FRIDAY NIGHT, Feb. 8. ‘ AD‘HSF!H\' §0c: RE SlEfiE ‘sr:\'rs oN at STORE, .R\'F}l):?EAT!. T6e. | CHUTES AND Z0O %zp s BIG VAUDEVILLE BILL! | TO-MORROW AFTERNOO! JUVENILE PERFORMERS® DAY, TO-MORROW NIGHT, MONSTER CAKEWALK., Telephone for Seats, Park 2. THE HENSCHELS. TEIRD RECITAL AT METROPOLITAN TEMPLE TO-MORROW AFTERNOON AT 3:15, Subsequent Recital : Next Monday Evening at §:15 o'clock. Wednesday at 8:15 g Last recital Thurs- day, Feb. 14, at &: Pricce 15, 1, $150 and $2 Seats for all & Co.'s. recitals on sale at Sherman, Cli SHERMAN, CLAY & C0.’S HALL. | | TUES., WED. and FRL me Feb. 12, 13, 18. Leopold Godowsky, THE GREAT PIANIST. Reserved Seats—$2, $150 and §L On sale at Eberman, Clay & Co.'s. STEAM PIPE BURSTS ON VENTURA AND BRINGS DEATH TO FIVE MEN Five Other Members of Crew Are Injured by the Explosion, Which Renders Port Engine Useless and Prevents Steamship Maklng Record Run. HE Oceanic Steamship Company's Ventura arrived from Philadel- phia yesterday morning. Owing to an unfortunate accident she was fourteen hours behind the So- noma’s record. A steam pipe burst mnd the result was five deaths and injuries to five people. The Ventura had made a wonderfully good run from Philadelphia when Valpa- ralso was sighted, and all hands expect- ed to come into San Francisco Bay with & broom at the foremast head. Instead the big liner came in with her flags at half mast. Up to the time Valparaiso was reached all went well. After that Chiet Engineer Haynes began to keep & watch on the machinery. On January 23, when in latitude 30 degrees 58 minutes south, longitude §7 degrees 42 minutes west, or about 750 miles from Valparaiso, the ex- plosion came. It was 6:15 p. m. and the watch had just been changed. The men were beginning their duties when the main steam pipe went with a report that | made all aboard think one of the bollers had burst. George W. Robb, a junior engineer; J. W. Faren, a seaman; Jack Desmond, a_fireman; Paul Beier, a coal | 5 i and Felix Glass, a stowaway, Who was acting as a coal passer, were killed almost in an instant, while Patrick Mc- Connell, a fireman; J. Kelly, fireman; A. Poterson, fireman; J. Gaughan, coal passer and C. Ralk, coal passer, were bad- ly burned by the escaping steam. All of the latter men are back at work and are | none the worse for their injurles. The | five men who lost their lives were buried at sea the next day. The damage to the malil boat was not | as great as might be expected. The port engine was disabled, but under the star- board machinery the big liner was able to average 340 knots a day, bringing her into port almost on schedule time. Had the accident not occurred the Ventura would have been here several days ago and broken all previous records. As it is the y Sonoma holds the flag. | el o HOA0R | CITY OF PAPEETE ARRIVES. | Goes Ashore on Coal Reef but Is| Hauled Off. | The erstwhile mail boat City of Papeete got back to San Francisco yesterday. She | must receive a thorough overhauling be- fore she can go to sea again, and even af- ter the repairs are made she may not go to sea on her old run again The advent of | the mail steamship Australia has taken ammers, so the Papeete may be’ with- drawn from that run. The City of Papeete went ashore on_the reef at the entrance to Papeete on July 7 She w leaving port when the | nearly all the trade away from the wind- | | CORAL R 7 last, AN OVERHAULING, wind fell flght and she drifted down on | SF AT TAHITI MAKING PORT. SHE COMES HERE FOR the coral barrier that encire! the har- bor. After considerable trouble she was t:u(q(rfl' and patched up, and then sent | SAILED. to San Francisco for complete repalrs. | Sauraiar. TS 1. e s Stmr Geo Loomls, Bridgett, 'Ventura. tmr : Guaymas. | < Water Front Notes. Stmr Geo W ndall, Astoria. l A Chinese named Ah Lun was run down Stmr Pomona, by a yellow M on-street car at the cor- E‘lmr North Fork, Mc U*llan l}filr!kl g o] » e Stmr Czarina, Seaman, Seattle, | 0 “ast and Ja L 8 ye: 1 od g | her of Bast and Jackson gtreets yester- | sime Rival, Johneon, Willapa Harbor. day and had a narrow escafle from death. | Barge Santa 1 McGovern, Ventura, m ’] was crossing from Jackson-street | tow of tug Res | whart when the car struck him. Two of | Schr Hangor, Turioff. Tort Blakeley, “ 4 e frac B Schr Gem, Olsen, his ribs were fractured and his knee | gun: 3G wall, nsen, Eureka. spraine He was treated at the Harbor Bchr Rio Rey, Skippef, Mendocino. Hpspital by Dr. Morrison. 5 £ TELEGRAPHIC. | Pontoons are to be used on the sub- 5 > Sk 5 | merged steamer South Portland and it is | (POINT LOBOS, Feb 7. 10 p m-—Weathe | expected that she will be raised to-mor- | cloudv: wind SW, velocity 12 miles. row. Work has been going on ever since DOMESTIC PORTS | the “ve el was sunk and the tug Rellet has n got her in such a position that with the aid of pontoons and cofferdams | she can be raised an)d once more put into | commission. | Captain Payne takes command of the r( amship Crescent City to-day. Cap- tain Stockfleth, who has been on the run | | for a generation, retires. A more popu- lar master never sailed a vessel than | Captain Stockfleth, and his retirement on a well-earned rest is not viewed with | | much satisfaction by the traveling public, | although his family and friends hail it | with delight. GRAYS HARBOR—Arrived Feb 6—Schr Ma- weema, from San Pedro. PORT TOWNSEND—Arrived Feb 7—Br stmr Queen Adelaide, from Hongkong, BIHLERS POINT—Arrived Feb 7—Stmr Na- varro, hence Feb 6. SAN PEDRO-—Arrived Feb 6-Schr C § Holmes, from Ballard. Feb tmr W H Kru- er, from Eureka; stmr Santa Barbara, hence b 5. MS-HM Feb 7—Schr Azalia, for Willapa Har- ASTORIA—Arrived hence Feb 3. Salled Feb 7—Stmr Columbia, for San Fran- cisco. Feb 7-Stmr Alllance, Henry Kistenmacher, a saloon keeper | FORT BRAGG-Arrived Feb 7—Stmr Na- on the front, was robbed of $40 Wednes- | tgnal Clity, hence Feb & 0 o\ 7 Bark Ab- day night. While ejecting a drunk he was | 1 Paimer for Fort Pirie: schr Alcaide, for San _Pedro. W WHATCOM—Arrived Feb 6-—-Schr Mary shing, from Port Townsend. Schr_Winslow, for Callao. beaten over the head and had to qn to the | Harbor Hospital for repairs. While away chance acauainance took care of the oon, but when istenmacher got back he found the =aloon running itself and Satled Feb 4 Bark Coloma, for | the cash drawer empty. The Harbor Po- | Salina Cruz; stmr Alliance, from Portland. lice are now looking for Kistenmacher's | Arrived Feb 4—Stmr Pasadena, from San Pedro. Arrived Feb 5—Schr Lottie Carson. from San | Pedro: stmr Aberdeen. hence Feb 4. Feb 6 NEWS OF THE OCEAN. | Stmrs’ Brunswick and Bureka. hence Feb 5. Feb 7-Stmr Newshoy, hence Feb 5; schr Mary | Matters of Interest to Mariners and | Puhne, hence Jan 20;'stmr Homer, hence Feb- Shipping Merchants. ruary 6. Sailed Feb 6—Stmr Lakme. for San Francisco. The Austrian steamer Olga cleared yesterday for St. Vincent for crders with 93,234 ctls Feb 7—Stmr Eureka, for San Francisce COQUILLE _RIVER—Arrived Feb 7 wheat valued at §9 and 35,000 ft lumber as dunnage valued at §: Argo, hence Feb 0. 7-Br sy e con BN SEATTLE—Sailed Feb Stephens, for Tacoma. Shipping Intelligence. ARRIVED. FOREIGN PORTS. YOKOHAMA—Arrived Feb 6—Br stmr Gaelic, Thursday, February 7. Stockfleth, 36 hours from friend.” — Stmr stmr Port | hence Jan 16. DELAGOA BAY—Arrived Feb 6—Ship John Epa. from Px NEWCASTLE Honolulu, from Port Natal tmr Crescent City, Crescent City. | "BAHIAArrived Feb (—Ger bark Osterbek, Stmr Mackinaw, Littlefield, 82 hours from | from Oregon, for Queenstown, for medical as- Seattle. st | Btmr Ventura, Hayward, 35 days 28 hours 50 | _ COLON—Arrived Feb 5—Stmr Alllanca, from New York. nta Rosa, Alexander, 40 hours from | = Safled Feb 5—Stmr Advance, for New York. g0 and Way ports, | PRAWLE POINT—Passed Feb 5—Br ship Al- Stmr 1 kmn. Schage. 27 hours from Enreka. | lerton, from Antwerp, for San Franeisco. Stm Leland, 24 hours from Moss |, AUCKLAND—Sailed Feb 6—Stmr Alameda, = o Francisco. Zealandia, Dowdell, 7 daye 1 hour 3 | "UNION BAY—Arrived Feb 7-Stmr Bertha, minutes from Honolulu, trom Valdes, Thursday, February 7. Parsons, Guaymas; Goodall, | E T Kruse. l cla, from New York, via Plymouth) for Ham- burg. MADEIRA—ArI‘hed Feb 7—Stmr Stmr Curacao, Perkins & Co. Auguste Stmr Czarina, Seaman, Seattle; Victoria, from New York, for Algeria, Genoa, Stmr North Fork, McLellan, Eureka; Chas | etc, Nelson. ANTWERP—Salled Feb 7—Stmr Nederland, Stmr Pomona, Shea, Eureka; Goodall, Per- | for Philadelphia. kins & Co. 2 GENOA—Sailed Feb 6—tmr Werra, for New Stmr Ctmmuv Hinkle, San Pedro; Goodall, | York, via Napl Peridne & Co. QUEENSTOWN—Salled Feb 7—Stmr Majes- ‘Aus stnir Federica, Ivancich, Nanalmo: John Rosenfeld’'s Sons. Aus stmr Oiga, Descovich, St Vincent; Bal- tour, Guthrie & Co. A Break-down. The engine that breaks down under the combined strain of an up grade and a heavy load is not a little Iike the victim of nervous prostration. The nerves can stand about so much headache, pain, worry, loss of sleep, indigestion and debilitating disorders, and then the strain becon es too great and the break-down comes. Lift the load of suffering from the strained nerves, build them up, give them new strength. and health will be yours “tic. from Liverpool. for New York. HOTTERDAM-Sailed _Fab | —Stmr dam, for Boulogne and New York. AUCKLAND, N Z—Salled Feb 6—Stmr Ala- Maas- “1 had two strokes of paralysis Was very memous - and weak. Was troubled 'lth a pum) alzziness in my head and a fluttering in imes there © was gmt n 1n m hvo cm'. difficulty to 3 phgicl u y 've me the d t tml[ r. ne. hbm,nu 37 flyhg%. urunnyuu past have enjoyed s y rs, J. Y, Girard, Tlls, « Miles’ Nervine mflnh-. fortities ud rntruh- the worn-out weary brain, and s the best of all remedies to lmden of nervous S&dhvdrmuuo-:mha.’» Dr. MiLes MeDICAL Co., Elkhart, Ind. Br stnr Heathcraig, Mller, 22 days from | HONGKONG-Salled Feb 7—Jap stmr Ameri- Callao. , for San Francisco. EKIE City of Papeete, Lunn, 42 dayp trom | AN STEAMERS. Schr' Allce Cooke, Penhallow, 25 days trom | LIVERPOOLTArrived Feb i—Stmr Michl- | Honolulu. | 3 S < » NEW YORK-—Arrived Feb 7-Stmr Trave, \q Echr Dot Norte, Jacobson, § days from C6- | o NF Bromen and Southampton. " 1 e etagne, vre. J e Alvios, Zexee il Gevs. £oja Couniile Ared Feb. 7o 8tmr Nomadie, from Taver: B 2 | pool. seh }%‘1‘32?'““' Korth, 6 days from Co- | P%iiiveq Feb 7—Stmr Germanic, from Liver- ;g pd ¥ CLEARED. pool and Queenstown . - (!lEl(Bfll RG—Arrived Feb 7—Stmr Patrl- , NSW, for Apla, Honolulu and San Francisc BROWHEAD—Passed Feb from New York, for Liverpool; land, from Boston, for Qus 7—8tmr Bovis, stmr New Eng- eenstown and Liver- -Stmr Lahn, from ] b S—Stmr | B ; or Liverpool, and pre | ceeded. AT B Steamer Movements. TO ARRIVE. teamer. | RS % por { Sterra.... Ports.. Feh. § City of Para. Ports. |[Feb., § Washtenaw 8 Eureka. 2 8 Arcata Coos Bay H Coronado. . Ventura 9 Hyades, ©|Seattie 9 Jeanie.. : 9 | Nippon Maru. 9 Columb H Progreso. 9 ‘Wellington .« Oyster “dl’lm!‘ 9 Royalist. . Oyster Harbor I-‘n‘b. 0 Queen n Diego . Bonita. . Newport . b. Pomona. . Humboldt . . 10 Coquille Rl\l‘r. Grays Harbor . 10 Newburg....... Grays Harbor - 10 Titania anaimo 10 | Roanoke. . Panama ... i Walla Waila uget Sound Forts. . 11 Leelanaw Seattle ..... . 11 Argo.. .|Coquille River . 11 North Fork..... Humboldt |Feb. 13 | Corona. . port .. 13| G. W. Elder....|Portiand and 1 Palena.. Panama & Way Port 1t Point Arena.... Point_Arena i Santa Rosa Crescent C1 n Diego rescent City | February 10. | } | §late of Cal--|Puger Sound Ports. 11 amlpier s | Santa Rosa..|San Diegy - am) Pler 11 | Eureka....... Humboldt am|Pier 13 Arcata. |Pter 13 Alstraiia: ] mpier 3 | February 12, | Pomona.......(Humboldt ... .| 2 pm(Pier 9 Columbia. storia & Portiand|1l am|Pier 2 | Centennia ttle & Tacoma..|10 am Pler 2 | Bonteamal::: |Nowport 3 am| bier 11 | Febraary 3. Newburg. Grays Harbor ‘Pu-r —_ February 15. | Puget Sound Ports|11 a Sun, Moon and Tide. United States Coast and Geodetic Survey— Times and Heights of High and Low Waters at _Fort Point, entrance to San | Francisco Bay. Published by official au- thority of the Superintendent. NOTE—The high and low waters occur at the | city front (Mission-street wharf) about twen five minutes later than af Fort Point helght of t 8 the same at lmlh pla(es FRIDAY, FEBR( ARY s. Sun rises . Sun sets Moon rises . “Time) Walla Walla. NOTE—In the above exposition of the tides the early morning tides are given in the lert hand column and the successive tides of the day n the order of occurrence as to time of day, the third time column gives the last tide of ‘the day, except when there are but three are in addition to the soundings on the United States Coast Survey charts, except when a minus sign (—) precedes the height, and then the number given fs subtracted from the depth given by the charts. The plane of reference ¥s the mean of the lower low waters, Time Ball. Branch Hydrographic Office, U. 8. + Mer- chants’ Exchlnte. San F‘mnclmo, Cal., TFebruary 7, 1801 The time ball on the tower of the new Ferry biilding was dropped at exactly noon to-day— 1. e., at noon of the 120th meridian, or at § o'clock p m., Greenwich time. C. G. CALKINS, L)eutenlnt Commander, U. S. N, in charge. Mandolin Recital. Samuel Siegel of New York, assisted by Mary Chester Williams, vocallst, and H, Hastings, a banjo player. will give a se- lect concert at the Y. M. C. A. Audito- rium this evening. A brief exposition of Siegel’s powers was given to a discrimina- tive audience yesterday afternoon and string instrument experis present seemed greatly enthused at his performance. PENNSYLVANIA SYSTEM of railroads. Office, 30 Montgomery street. * Steamer. ‘ Salls.| Pier, { Fulton. 5 pm Pler — Empire. 4 pm|Pier 13 | Guatemala...|\West Coas 2 pm[S.W. 1 v Sydney.. Panama & Way PHa(12 'm PMES orona. Newport ...... |'9 am|Pier 11 February 9. | | | Dorle..... China and Japan..| 1 pm/PMsSS Point Arena.. Point Arena 2 pm|Pler 2 Coronado..... (,ra)s Ha 5 pm|Pier 2 San Pedro....|Humboldt 0 am|Pler 2 | [Srdney & Way Pts| 9 pm Pler 7 «|San Diego . 9 am|Pier 11 | February 14, | [Rier | the | tides, as sometimes occurs. The helghts glven | XVI The War Geography of Asia. Suppose a line be drawn eastward from Cape Baba on the Aegean Sea to Canton. Suppose another line be drawn southward from the frozen shores of the Kara Sea to the southern tip of India. These two lines i at nearly right angles to each other will | traverse Asia in its length and breadth. Near the intersection they cross a region [ of @istinctive physical character, the Pamirs. This region lies south of the | fortieth parallel. It is about 220 miles in |length from east to west and slightly breader from north to south. It includes an area of over 50,000 square miles. The whole extent forms a plateau, its surface ! nowhere less than 11,000 feet in height, and | serves as the pedestal, or base, for a be- | wildering mass of mountains, whose sum- | mits rise more than 25,000 feet above the level of the sea. Here is the rocky, al- mgst inaccessible heart of Asia. Here is | afforded the fittest point, the focal center, from which to trace the always involved, often disconnected, Asiatic system. The | Oriental calls this region ‘“‘the roof of the | worl What__ Olympus was to the Greek, that the Pamirs are to the Asiatic. | Only Olympus was in comparison a lone- ly mountain, whose cloud-wrapped sum- on which the Pamir Mountains rest. Furthermore, Olympus was but one— grand but alone—while the Pamirs are an overwhelming host of the mightiest plles | on earth. | From this focal center chains extend | toward the four points of the compass, though those toward the east and west he main eastern chain into two_ enormous separates s. * The lower arm is the Himalayas. | It continues In a colossal eurve a thou- | sand four hundred miles in length. | Some of its peaks, glittering with eternal | snow, tower farther into the heavens than ummits on the globe. Gaorin- . with an altitude of is the monarch of mountains, the about twice as high as Mount Blane, ili’m feet, king of Eurcpe, about five times as high as Mount Washington, Hampshire. " In the springs of the Hima- layas, the Gang Ing Bramapootra and Yangtze-Kiang rivers take thelr rise. The upper eastern area forms the Kuen Luen, and it is covered with glaciers of such 'magnitude a arf those of Switzerland. It cont in a northern sweep, called the Allyn Tagh, and is no | less prolonged than the Himalayas. From it_descends’ the Hoangho. | The Himalayas and the Kuen Luen in- | close between them the massive tableland i(r( Tibet. Hard]v any part of Asia has | been less e: f | Tibet to us criteri the E dimensions. the glory of New The importance in that we may use I n of size. The American more Topean is ac Eurovean s 11 andards of space American stand- tandards are im a minogy place omprises %n area twice as great as that of the thirteen States which formed the American Union. The Indian peninsula, of which the Hima determine _the extent while they form its northern boundar; in- cludes a territory three times as great as that of Tibet. The main western chain, from the focal center of re large. Tibet upon the m which radiates he Pamirs under the name of the EI rz Mountains, serves as the northern backbone of the | tableland of Persia and becomes the | southern barrier of the Casplan Sea. It | loses its distinctive features in the gen- | eral confusion which marks the Armen- | lan plateau. Then afterward it emerges the Taurus and Anti-Taurus chains which, rudely parallel. determine the ures of Asia Minor. From 1 plat descend the Tigris and Euphrates to blend their waters along their lower courses and shortly after their | junictions to enter the Persian Guif. outhward from the Pamirs are spread the fortress masses of the Hindoo | Koosh. A portion of this chain creates | the fastnesses of Afghanista Another | portion under various names and with | ETadually lessening height keeps on its farther spurs touch the Arablan Sea. 11( forms the western wall of India. |, Northward from tne Pamirs extend the Tltnshdn or Celestial Mountains. They rise like a rampant against the desert | steppes of tecting wall the tableland of Central Asia, Still farther north, apparently detached | from the general system and yet con- nected with it by lower elevations which \(n any cvher continent would be reckoned | mountains, we find the vast Altai group. This'may be considered the watershed be- | tween- Central and Northern Asia. Yet 'nm\fl of the mighty rivers which they feed flows toward the south. Instead these rse Siberia and reach the Arc- the Yenisei and the | | tic Ocean as the Obi, | Lena. Nor must the Caucasian Mountains, v\h'(h stretch from the Black Sea to the | Caspian, be omitted. ~They have their |nu|~ in Both Asia and Europe and may be regarded the northwest succession | of the Elboor: The plain pread out along the banks | of the majestic streams. are in keeping with the magnitude of the parent moun- | tains and with the enormous volune sent | down by them to the sea. The lowlands through which the Siberian rivers plow their wav are far to the north. All of { those great floods discharge their waters tbeyond the Arctic circle. ' These regions are not_ tempting to popuiation now. Still less so were they in the past. | "But the enormous natural basin, the | wide alluvial plains s of the continent are more inviting. -k as far s history and tra- cer we digcover three segions teeming with population. Nor .xre the remote men and women whom we find hdwelling there, when first revealed to us, sunk in savagery and barbarism. As the veil is drawnr away from that first scene in the annals of the race we behold hu- ! man beings enjoyins the benefits of an established civilization. Whence the first man came is an enig- ma which science, despite her multitude | of marvelous triumphs, cannot solve. Upon the human stage the curtain does I not lift until the descendants of far-off | brutish ancestors have risen to the high | estate of civilized men. But their pro- must have long | remained miserable and savage. unable to grasp the rudiments of social life. It is a belief, wideiy cherished in the east, that the first spot on which the first man looked forth wis a valley in t Pamirs, There the early tribes stayed |as the animals of any and _ caring only to wants. At last they wandered through the passes on the east and south, and, | | still wandering, stumoled upon the plains | where generous nature afforded easily ac- | quired and abundant focd. This Orfental | | theory is regarded with approval by many | seholars. Biblical exegetes claim to dis | cover a ‘curious similarity between man: local names In the FPamirs and others mentioned in the book of Genesis. If true, the theory is impossible of proof. And yet that exalted plateau may be not only t focal center from which the mountains of a continent unrdll in tneir immensity, but the scene where the {athers of mankind first opened eves on the light of day, and whence, with the conauest of the gicbe. The three centers of primitive clviliza- tion, each of which it required unnum- bered centuries to develop, are Chaldea, India nl:xd China. The physical configura- won of Asia had made them ready for the coming of man, had adanted them to be the first arenas of his struggles and had forecrdained their future, ound them each the mountains extehded -their pro- tecting arms. The Himalayas and Hindoo Koosh shut m the Indian val of the Ganges. The Chaldean plain of the Tigris and Euphrates is inclo: the hills of Media, the Taurus and the Lebanon, while solemn Ararat guards tha north. The wide Chinese expanse on the Yangize-Kiang and Hoangho has for its ramparts the formidable ranges which ‘are sent out from the central mountain masses of Asla. We cannot know which of the peoples and of the civilizatiuns, gradually bios- soming In these cradles of fruits and flowors, was the oldesi. The records of each are measured by thousands, and lay claim to scores of thousands of vears: Yot nobler possibilities appease physical | the records carnot go back to the d(vs‘ Copyright, 1901, b y Seymour Eaton. called | mit did not attain the altitude of the base | ustomed to large | il | urkestan and inclose as a pro- | , in"other and favored | genitors, the men of the ancient ages, the | . | first born of the world, | dully among sublime scenes, unconscious | certain steps, they hegan‘ | ’. by | HOME STUDY CIRCLE FOR CALL READERS The War Geography of Asia in Rela- tion to the Centers of Primitive Civilization. | when human beings first stood upon the virgin soil that was waiting to receive |them. In each locality the newcomers must have commenced under similar con- | ditions. Their progress in the social ale must have been gradual, slow and almost unconscious to themselves. The rude search to eke out a merely animal existence had hitherto_:axed all the force3 of body and mind. Nothing had before been ible except to exist wretchedly Now from the riv they were assured unfailing supply of water and fish. Spor taneously or in return for little labor the ed an abundance of fruit ed on a fixed habitation no longer limited to n of immediaie wants. Wealth to accumulate. With its increase sity was revealed of some degres bega the neces: of government with a measure of protec- tion and order. around weak huddled for stronger. Whatever isted was submitted 8 . Despotic author- ity grew parallel m'h the growth of pop- ulation. Henc mitive Chaldea, In- dia and China ¢ 1 before our gaze, wa behold everywhere despotism. This was Inevitable. Only an advanced degree of | Intelligence and civilization can conceive of republics and governments by the peo- ple. Asia presents even to the present day no example of either. Though adjacent to each other, China and India were kept apart by the impene- trable barriers of the Himalayas. War was no more impossible between them than was influence. Each In its own way attained the fullest development of the East. Despotism unmitigated presided over both. But north of the Himalayas this despotism was united with the au- thority of the scholar, while south of the Himaiayas it was united with the author- ity of the prie So is it still. The an- nals of each are permeated by this fact. | The ancient books of India tell us only of their religion and their gods. The tra- ditions of China are filled with the suffer- ings that country endured at the hands of Western Asiatic hordes. Reports of wealth accumulated in the Chinese and Indian valleys reached the ears of the barbarians of the steppes. Af- n\wn(P had not produced capability of tary resistance. On the northwest na was less defended by nature from E e all, built in the third itury before Christ, was a confession to the rapacious nomads of the weakness which it was designed to protect. Let us now pass to the other primitive region, the kingdom of Chaldea. It lay ng ihe lower Euphrates at the head of Its priests ascribe it antiquity of 400,000 years. It probably extended to occupy all the area in- ed between the natural Hmits of the ntain ranges. Its boundaries are indefinite. Later comers erected Ba- lon on "t Euphrates and Assyrian reveh on Tigris. Such triple d: not to continue fi where boundaries were so hard After many vicissitures of war and st Nineveh was utterly destroyed. ame supreme, with Babylon the the Persian Guif an ne - th minion was certain ver An empire b as its capital De ptions of Babylontan splendor and Ith and Juxury bewilder imagination. t city commanded all the wide stretch aspian and Arablan sea: of commerce passe ! g ts. She was the unri- valed metropolis of Asia and of the world. The Elboorz range was the home of the Medes and the d plateau west of the Tigris ard the Persian Gulf of the Per- sians. These hardy mountaineers united The plain could not withstand the on- slavght from the mountains. The new kingdom of the kindred Medes and Per- | sians took the place of Babylonian su- | premacy. Their empire reached at last from the Indian Ocean to the Danube, | from the Mediterranean to the Indus. It was the first Asiatic power to send its armies to the shores of Europe. Thu ihe armed contact between the two col | tinents may be traced back through suc- cessive stages to the Chaldean kingdom on the Persian Gulf. But since the Per- | sian Darius crossed the Bosporus in the sixth century before Christ that armed contact has never ceased. Only the com- | batants have changed place: It 1s Eu- | rope which envelops Asia to-day EDWIN A. GROSVENOR. | Amberst College. | Note—The study of the war geography | of Asia will be concluded to-morrow. 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