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| i | | .0.0.0.000'0 Pages 23 10 32 PHEEFSEOKOR SRR LIR SHORORGHIHGQ The @all, gm Pages 2310 3. : e d H i DOHORO EOXPXIUIHIN S 4 SHOHONSHIRIHS | § | DrxeisNGuene SAN FRANCISCO, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1900. “OHENGRIN” FIS THE GRAND OPERA HOUSE TO THE DOORS Nordica Scores as Elsa--Melba a Marvelous Lucia and Schumann-Heink Is a Revelation. MRS S AST night San Francisco from a week of what to be unminterest i and the greatest musical dls given to pa tr to men and y 1e e best which can give them. Grand cm the is to be hoped that ginning of a the LOHENGRIN IS SPLENDIDLY SUNG Marv elous Rendition of the Famous Opera—Melba Sings Lucia. By Blanche Partington. ded ho apprecia- countless rs, royal grace and d udience it was. - He aend Dam- has eminently of the orchestra And wk work under t marvelous place e Wagner orchestra Like the old « foreshadowing, defining, ¢ er spirit and outward very pregnant moment a rich warp ments, and with finest olor, light and place here The work of the chorus is equally ad- A splendid attack, voice, qual- ehad . ing. it has, and last night orked up t of the most magnificent climaxes—toward the first act’s end—that s Y | 1 AIME DUPONT ®note. [\ S MME. SC GRIN" IUMANN L. -HEINK, ST NIGHT WAS AR WHOSE SPLE NDID SINGING IN “LOHEN- VELATION TO THE GREAT AUDI- rch door fairly lifts y full of spirit, fire the favorite march on. thus given is to feel iful dreams of —a_fairy tale of the_ holy t makes no differ- lly down the river to the d prince clad in His inevitable love her final fatal cu- awful “‘unhappy ending” of the jealous cousins, all are d in_cloth of gold, and an ut- most ‘splendor of scenic surroundings. The principals, inspired perhaps to best effort b the appreciative atmosphere of the hc outdid themselves. What a no- ble Nordica it was in the part of Elsa. her place, for nothing less than , Wagner, calls forth the best nd heart. Mme. Nordica has = during the last year with it Bayreuth, and shows the effec r lient training She look > pa v inch and acts with powe dc n g Mme. new to us before last eve der. One thing most notic similarity between the qu oice and that of N ible to tell when one the other ended. Mme k has a_marvelously full, volce, colorful to a degree, 2 sweet and expressive to t Jluxuriant thread of it. She acts, with passion and power, and pos- es in a high degree the difficult art of She has the “grand air” too, which ems to be characteristic of most of Mr. and wears her royal robes to the manner born. Her duet with Eisa, in which she taunts and twits! the hapless Princess with her prospective husband’s apparent lack of a grandfather, was a marvel of suggestion, her volce changing chameleon fashion with each dominating emotion. Mme. Schumann- Heink Is a great singer. Van Dyck was delightful as Lohengrin. He sang a little doubtfully at first, but warmed to his work and gave us a fine rendering of the silver knight's part. His entrance, first winding about the river on his swan ship. which was manipulated without any of the usual dot-and-carry- one effect with which we are haplessly familiar—was & most effective affair, and throughout he is a picturesque and im- pressive figure. Telramund was. splendidly sung and acted by Mr. Bispham. Though his voice lacks the last fineness, it has that which counts even more heavily in the score, a kind of heart-reaching quality, a rare ar- dor and tender fiber, and his Telramuad was nobly -played. Edouard de Reszke was the king— imagine the ca: and his big, abounding, soul-satisfving ved a royal part. Mr. Muhimann did good service as ‘‘der Heernfer des Koenigs.” This reads rather like an adjectival de- bauch, a long_descent into the sin of the superlative, but to those who were “among those present,” if such chance to read, I am sure the one quality most ap- ) parent will be its exquisite moderation: ht Norg will be again heard In the favorite “Trovatore,” with Mr. Dippel as Ma ), and Mme. Olitzka as Azu- ce The performance will be in every | respect equal to those of the week-day | programmes, and the prices will be from one to three dollars a sefit. ¢ e ® The best hou of the season so far | greeted Donizetti's ““Lucia” yesterday aft- ernoon at the Grand Opera-house with the divine Melba In the name role, and the | frank melodiousness of the old Italian y_never better given, nor more ed ed herself. She acted | delicate art for which such conception as her Marguerite could have prepared one. She was the | loving, palpitating, fearful girl, caught in the mesh of cruel circumstances; a ten- ic figure. And, strangely the Edgardo was irresponsive, | and cold, vet not strangely, for it | ly tax the singer whose voice | ome in close harmonious competi- tion with the marvelous note of Melba. | Her voice suggests as no other volce the word fect It is the voice of which der and path enough, timid one 1 dreamed, dropping the “silver chain of sou links without a break.” It rk who at heav- en's g E crystal clear, each note a . from the merest silken of 2d, to a round, full, vie- note of an infinite deliciousness n of technique in the con- ms a_ fallacy and a supersti- | yet it must be remembered that here to nature has en added perfect art, that highest art. which conceals art. She has a wonderful staccato, drip-dripping its | light and liquid rote into the harmonious | chalice of the orchestra or flying sheerly heavenward, where the angels probably | make it over for home consumption. The | twinkling turns, trills, roulades of the “mad scene,” with a perfect sympathy of flute accompaniment, were rapturously | applauded, curtain call after curtain (‘nfl‘ to the tune of eight or ten being de- | manded. Mr. Cremonini. the Edgardo of the cast, was also accorded a very full share of applause, more particularly for his work in the last act, which, though constantly interrupted by 'an insistent and irritating accompaniment by the able-bodied voice of a prompter, was yet a musically satis- fying performance. Cremonini’s voice has a certain rugous quality, but it is of sym- pathetic timbre, and he has a good, clear excoution. His acting is_self-conscious and lacking in authority, but there was evidence of dramatic power in the mar- riage scene, though In the last scene the artist was at his best. As Enrico Ashton, Mr. Campanari showed himself a very efficient substitute for Mr. Scotti, Who was indisposed. His concerted work with Melba was distin- guished by a fine discretion and an ex- cellent sympathy. Mr. Bars was a manly Arturo, and Mr. Journet did good service as Raimondo. The “Infelice” was well f]\'en. but not to astonishment, and the 'amous sextet was splendidly rendered. The orchestra, under Mr. Mancinelli’s direction, was just where it should be, a luminous, shifting background, a pervad- ing perfume, an atmosphere rather than an aé¢companiment. READY TO BEGIN THE CONSTRUCTION OF The sound of the hammer and the chuck he tamping-block will awake the Loes of Hunters Point to-morrow morn- 2. A contract for the erection of a mas- | ve drydock to take the place of the oid { ructure was recorded yesterday and - n the new structure will begin at The San Francisco Drydock Com- | y, successors to the California Dr.yv ck Company, has let a contract to tiae t Improvement Company for jding of the dock, the stipulated | rice being $404000. To insure the com- etion of the dock within eighteen ont that damage from loss of opera- not accrue to the dock com- . the improvement company has filed with the Fidelity and Deposit Company as surety, in tne sum of $202,- . It is expressly stipulated in the con- act that work shall begin immediately. Plans for the excavations have been completed—in fact, they are incorporated the contract, and men were on the #round yesterday preparing for the re-J moval of surface improvements. In addition to the fact that the mew | ed by A DRYDOCK OF 1 dock will be modern in every respect, Its dimensions will be ample to permit the entrance of the largesi passenger, freight and battle ships afloat. The plans and specifications, which were prapared by Howard C. Holmes, engineer of the dry- dock company, and which will be execut- Engineer Hynes of the improve- ment company, accompany the contract. The dimensions and materials to be used | In the construction of the dock, as there- in set forth, are as foliows: Length from gate seat to coping at head, 750 feet: width at coping, 122 feet; width at bottom, 74 feet; depth over sill below coping, 32 feet. The facing of sides of appragach, seat for caisson and apron arch to be of cut granite: both sides of drydock to have eleven altars at top and five at bottom from a point 100 feet from gate seat to within 150 feet of the head of dock; keelson to be four feet in width; trans- verse sflls of 12x12 timber must be laid from apron to head of dock, every ten feet, on both sides of keelson: bilgeways must be located at every transverse sill. The open drains or gutterways on each side of the dock to be eighteen inches wide at bottom and nine inches deep, hav- ing a uniform grade to discharge tunnel and there must a_transverse cover: drain from further side of dock to “dis- GIGANTIC SIZE charge tunnel. The cement lining, walls and altars will be additionally strength- ened with an interstitial web of expanded metal, the amount required being 51,400 square feet. Continuing, the contract reads: “Engine and boller houses, wharf ap- proaches, pumping plant and all accesso- ries must conform to the specifications. On the second Tuesday of each month en- gineers for the party of the first part (the San Francisco Drydock Company) will ex- amine the work performed and machinery installed by the construction company. and within two days thereafter there shall be paid to the City Street Improvement Company 75 per cent of the value of the work so performed and machinery in- stalled, and within thirty-six days after the completion of the dock the balance re- maining due and unpaid shall be paid. “Time 18 of the essence of this contract, and the Amrueu agree If the dock is not completed within elghteen months from date hereof damages will be suffered by the party of the first part, and in the ab- sence of knowledge upon which to deter- mine what that loss will be the party of the second part agreeb to pay $100 a day for each day from the expiration of eighteen months until * the ate of dock’s completion,” ae e | three sides of BARRER I CUEATOITS “NEW KEEPERS 'Alameda County Re- publicans Surren- der Trophy. PARADE _QF ALLIANCE Jollification Meeting at the Rooms of the Union League Club. BB _|GRAND OPERA SGARS &0 SING AG @HARIGY FUND BENEFIG Theatrical Managers’ Association Prepares Splendi Bill for the Performance. S o LA HEATRICAL_ circles are im- mensely interested in the sec- ond annual benefit in aid of the charit- fund of the Asso- ciated Theatrical Managers of San Francisco, which will take place at the Orpheum next Thursday. It is the big amusement cvent of the year, and aside from the great worth of the cause, the programme will be, as it was last year, of rare ex- cellence. Every artist from every theater in the city wants to take part and the commit- tee on arrangements, consisting of John Morrisey, Mark Thall, Harry Morosco and W. H. Leahy, has had a lively week of it in preparing the programme. Of course every one who wants to cannot participate, but this much has been de- clded on—the curtain will rise at high nocn, and, in all ‘probability, it will not The Oakland Republican’ Alllance had a | drop again before 6 o'clock. painful duty to perform last night, but the stalwarts from across the bay did it with a grace and good fellowship begot of their confidence that two years hence the conditions would be reversed. surrendered the silken banner to the Re- publicans of San Francisco, but every man of their speakers gave fair warning that they intended winning it back by surpassing San Francisco's majority at the next election. The banner was brought over from Oak- land in state, men in uniform, had the custody of it, and the most prominent Republicans of Alameda County accompanied the proces- sion. A band w part of the parade of the visitors A committee consisting of A. G. Booth, | | A. S. Mangrum, D. E. McKinlay, Samuel Hendy, W. M. Abbott and Tirey L. Ford, directors of the Union League Club, and J. F. McGlynn, secretary of the County | | Central ( accompanied by a band, met t the ferry depot. The officers of the alllance were taken into carriages and the parade formed and proceeded up Market street to the Palace Hotel. The uniformed and torch-bearing members of the alliance, with thelr color- bearer in the lead and after him a corps of buglers hed once around the Pal- ace court and then Into the rooms of the Union League Club, where they formea a hollow square in front of kers' latform. Behind them Republicans of San Francisco til no more standing room was left in the clubroom Al Booth, president of the Union League Club, called the meeting to order, and Dr. George C. Pardee was introduced to speak in behalf of the alllance. He said In part: We are here to celebrate this evening with appropriate ceremony an event of great im- portance to San Francisco and the State. It is an event which proves that San Francisco is fairly entitled to the banner for fidelity to the principles of Republicanism. We congratu- Jate you on the splendid majority you gave to the statesman, soldier, diplomat—Willlam Mec- Kinley. We feel also that Alameda County, with its smaller majority of 7647, has something ¢ which to be proud. We leave the banner re feeling certain that two years hence we ill win it back Alfred Bouvier, chairman of the County Central Committee, accepted the banner G Republican | The alliance, with elghty | They | the Actors' Fund, he immediately | on behalf of the Republicans of San Fran- | cisco. He sald: It behooves us to accept this trophy with be- coming modesty, with a feeling that it is less of a distinction’ to have won it now than a reproach that we have not had it before. President of the Union League Club, I now have the honor to place this banner in your keeping. Mr. | | Prestdent Booth responded briefly on be- half of the club. The Union League Club quintet sang a song about “When the flag comes home."” Senator-elect R. 8. Lukens, acting presi- dent of the alliance, was introduced fin the absence of the president, Felton Taylor. He explained the conditions under which the banner is held, and that there should be no misunderstanding in future he read a deed of trust, in which those conditions were stated. Continuing, he said: This flag represents the fidelity of Republi- cans whose memory will always be cherished by the party in this State: men whom I typify when I mention the late Senator Denison and the late Warden Hale. It represents not alone the votes cast, but the work done and the joy that uplifts the crest of Republicans over their great victory. Colonel George Stone, chalrman of the State Central Committee, was the next speaker. He gaid: It I were a resident of Alameda County, possessed of the usual Alamedan's greed for The good things in the way of public office, I Would feel no envy of San Francisco, but Te- jolce with her in the majority she gave Me- Kinley. 1 desire to express the thanks of my colleagues to the Republican clubs for the loy- alty that has made possible our great Republi- can victory. General W. H. L. Barnes spoke as fol- lows: I am sorry that Alameda County has lost the banner. As a San Franciscan I am devilish glad that San Francisco got it. We say we Wonder at the vote of Californfa and the vote of San Francisco. It should have surprised no man and will not cause you to wonder when you look back and remember how little the Zommon enemy had to say against the pdmin- istration. In no campaign has there been so little personal assault or criticism of the de- tails of administration. The grand old party must be careful in the tuture. There is a great deal to be done. The trusts, which they talk so much about-they, the great corporations, owe their existence to law and can be controlled by law., In these years to come we shall regulate them in so far as they stifle free competition. We shall take care of Porto Rico and Cuba. The difficulties We met with in Hawall have passed and the beautiful islands are thoroughly Americanized Will it be so with the Philippines? Had the treaty of Paris been promptly approved, thero would have been no mushroom . insurrection headed by Aguinaldo. We shall take care of the Philippines. And over all will wave this flag, the emblem of every blessing. Harry Melvin delivered a short and witty address on behalf of the alllance. Samuel M. Shortridge spoke in a like vein. Attorney General Tirey L. Ford made the closing speech of the evening. A Reliable House. One of Berwin & Gassner's specials this season is a genuine London dyed sealskin acket, handsomely lined and finished, %15 Other values equally’ as good are offered by this reliable firm at 110 Kearny street. — e Hoisted by a Hay Hook. Tifted thirty feet into the air with the prongs of a hayhook fast in the flesh of his right shoulder was the experience of A. Helser, a teamster for the Morton Draying Company, vesterday. Helser was delivering a load of hay at Berry and Seventh streets. When about to fasten the hayhooks on to a bale the hooks slipped and ome of the pronfis caught Helser in the fore part of the right shoulder and he was jerked thirty feet into the air before the hook tore through the flesh and let him drop. He was taken to the Receiving Hospital, where Dr. Dorr dressed two severe lacerated wounds on the shoulder. Chinese Watshiman Wanted. The United States Civil Service Com- mission announces an examination for the position of Chinese watchman in the customs- service in this city. Applicants hould apply to! the secretary of th Hoard Mvexamlnerl in the Cuutomaho\u: 1 before December 15. > L past |+ When Manager Maurice Grau learned that the San Franclsco managers take care of their sick and destitute actor folk and bury their dead without applying to said | TWO OF THE STARS WHO HAVE VOLUNTEERED TO TAKE PART IN SFIT PERFORMANCE I} AID OF THE ASSOCIATED THE- ATRICAL MANAGERS' CHARITY FUND. o+ that any members of his grand opera compary were at liberty to appear in so deserving a cause. Walter Damrosch, the eminent conductor; David Bispham, the great barytone, and Rosa Olitzka, the charming contralto, immediately volun- teered and will be among those who will appear from the Grand Opera-house. By request Mr. Bispham will sing Rudyard Kipling’s “Danny Deeve so graphically set to music by Mr. Damrosch. Frank Danlels, Helen Redmond, Norma Kopp and the rest of the “Ameer” opera company, will represent the Columbia, and the entire Royal Marine Band of Italy, fifty-five pleces strong, under the leadership of §ignor Glorgio Minoliti, will come over from the California and dis- course classical and popular music. The Tivoll sends a huge offering. In addition to the brightest bits from the latest comic opera, “The Jolly Musketeer,” Estefania Collamarin! and Domenico Russo will give the last act of “Carmen,” and Gaudenzio Salassa will sing a barytone solo. These artists have postponed their departure East simply to help at the benefit. The Alhambra's contribution will be the McCoy sisters and Sam Marion in theis specialty, which is the sensation of Hoyt's " A Stranger in New York.” The Orpheum will present the best portions of the ¢ rent bill and the Alcazar will give the third and brighest act of Augustin Daly's delightful drama, “The Railroad of Love. The Chutes will send in a great acrobatic novelty and the Olympia will offer an up- to-date vaudeville act. The managers have invited Mrs. Eliza- beth Saunders, one of the oldest and most respected member of the profession, to be present and yesterday they received a charming note of thanks, stating that she would attend. The prices for seats, considering the immensity of the programme and deserv- ing character of the cause, are most rea- sonable. Everything downstairs, includ- ing box seats, be $2, and the balcony will be $1. Tickets are on sale at every theater in the city. METSON RELATES HOW HE MANAGED TO SHADOW HIS DETECTIVE CORPS The hearing in the Dubols comemptI case was United States Commissioner Heacock. Metson, the attorney, occupled the stand during almost the entire day. At the close of the examination Pillsbury put Attorney A. S. Halsted of Los Angeles on the stand to elicit from him what was said during a conversation at which he had been present and in which Attorney Knight and a man named Reese, who had made an afidavit reflecting on the char- acter of Judge Noyes, took part. Ex-Congressman Geary commenced and finished the cross-examination of Met- son. He failed, however, to ellcit any- thing differing materially from the at- torney’s evidence of the day previous. “A man named Breslan,” who had been connected as canvasser with the Nome water works, and subsequently did a lit- tle detective work for Metson, was the central point about which Geary's exam- ination revolved. It was elicited that Breslan had put it about in Nome prior to Judge Noyes' arrival there that the Judge was a most estimable man. Upon the arrival of the steamer carrying Judge Noyes Breslan went out to meet him. On his return he informed inquirers that the Judge had changed. He had grown long hair, and did not seem to be a fitting per- son to occupy the office which he was to Cross-examination as to what had con- stituted the basis for Breslan's claim of the Judge's friendship, Metson said that he believed it to be based on the fact that the latter and Breslan had been drunk together in Minneapolis. It also transpired on cross-examination that a detective in Metson’s employ named Crowley had occupied’ rooms next to those of Judge Noyes and had had the latter under observation through perfora- tlons in the dividing wall. Geary directed his greatest efforts to an endeavor to shake Metson's testimony as to the manner in which the attorney alleged the jury-box in Judge Noyes’ court had been stuffed with the names of those adverse to his cause. This led to some very interesting information re- lating to Metson's system of using detec- tives, and the number and standing of the “sour dough” community. In connection with the latter folk the witness was asked if he knew Sam Dunham, a poet, who wrote what was known in_the camp as “gour dough’ poetry. Dunham was at the time a census enumerator and be- tween Intervals of work invoked the muses in opposition to Metson's clients. In this connection the witness was asked: “Didn’t you know Sam Dunham was the Census Marshal employed by the Government, and that he forwarded a re- port to headquarters in which he sald that Blakl was the original discoverer of gold in Anvil Creek and therefore enti- tled to the Discovery mine?” “I learned later that he was the Cen- sus Marshal.” Later uetson said he had some samples of the “sour dough” muse in his gocket and offered to read them, but on the ad- Vice of Attorney Pillsbury refrained. Then_the question came round as to the Major Strong had played in the continued ~yesterday before | case. Strong was one of the two com- missioners appointed by Judge Noyes to draw a jury. The other was Bortsche- nius, clerk of the court. Geary proceed- ed on this line as follows: “You knew that Bortschenius was a Republican, while Strong was a Demo- crat?"” “Yes, sir.” “Did you know that Bortschenius was friendly to the Swede element—to your clients do not know as to that.” 'Who told you that Strong had put ployed by both sides?” “I did not. Not at that time.” Geary went on to cross-examine aad finally elicited that it was some time be- fore Metson “‘got onto” Carson. “How long before you discovered he was playing both ends against the mid- dle?” was asked. b, pretty early in the game.” “How early?” “About a month after I employed him.” “How many detectives did you run in your bureau?’ was the next question. Metson replied that he had a permanent staff of three or four, namely, Carson. Allen, Crowley and Herrin. “Now,” continued Geary, “wasn't it a fact that that jury list was made up of ‘sour doughs'?"* “1 don’t know,” sald the witness. On further questioning it came out that | the Grand Jury had been composed of “'sour douihsf' Asked if it was not a fact that he knew every night what took place in the Grand Jury room Metson said he knew it from his_detectives. “But you knew of the cases where no indictments were found—the secrets of the Grand Jury?’ “Some of them.” The account of how Clerk Bortschenius collected a jury was interesting and brought up Breslan's name. The latter came to Metson on behalf of the clerk. who was a stranger, and asked the attor- | ney if he wduld not suggest some names to him. “Did you furnish them?" asked Geary. “I did not.” o “Did not Jackson furnish him with a list of names?” “I don’t think so.” Metson was then pressed to tell who it svas that made the statement that Noyes had announced what his charge would be in the case. The attorney could not an- swer at first, claiming it was embodied in his_detective reports, which he had left at Nome. Finally he sgid that he thought Detective Herrin had been his informant. “Did you not say a little while agp that you knew Herrin to be in the employ f the other side?”’ was asked. “1 did,” was the reply. *Then, knowing this, how did you credit what he said?” “T did not credit it. I credited no one."” “Then of what use were your detec- tives?" aski ed E "I*had” them' shadowed,” natvely re- ns friendly te the plaintiffs | ) plied Metson. | In the afternocon the examination start- off again with Metson on the stand. Geary was anxlous to know about De- tective Crowley, who occupied the room next to Noyes' chambers in the Hirschler Block. _In reply to a question as to when he put Detective Crowley into the rooms, | Metson said that he was not aware of the fact until told of it. “Did you know that the dividing wall had been perforated?” “I did."” Then came a discussion as to whether or not Metson had seen a secret service re- ceipt signed by Frost's detectives. Pressed | on this point, Metson said he wasn't sure | of_its being a receipt. The inquiry then passed on to the in- cident of Breslan's reception of Judge Noyes. Geary asked if it were not a fact that Breslan boasted of being Noyes* intimate friend in Minneapolis. | Metson said he did not know. | “I want an answer,” sald Geary. “Well, if you must have it, he did say they had got drunk together.” Geary looked nonplussed and Pillsbury put in: ry, that this “‘Suppose we admit, Mr. Gea: indicates a degree of intimacy.” Geary was equal to the occasion, how- | ever, and came right back with, “Cer- | tatnly, if that constitutes your standard of f e'ndahlJ). . Metson admitted that Breslan sald he was disappointed in Noyes, whom he had not seen for some years. He said that he had let his hair grow and he “didn’t thiak be would de.” PR ‘“His opinion of Noyes cl then after he had visited him on the ship? Y. sals l\lppo“ Lo “Don’t you think it was because Noyes didn't seem inclined to appoint him to an office?” A “It may have béen. I don't think so.~ “Didn’t you think it peculiar that a man should go out to meet an old friend and then come back and say his hair was long and that he wouldn't do? What do you think this indicated?" “I thought it showed he dldn't think Noyes square.” “Didn’t you think it indicated that he had met with some disappointment?” “1 did not.” Metson denied that he knew that Bres. lan had gone to Washington shortly after to file charges against Noyes. Attorney Pillsbury called to the stand Attorney A. S. Halsted of Los Angeles. Halsed said that he had shared Samuel Knight's cabin on the way down from Nome and had been a witness to a conver- sation between a man named Reese and Knight. Knight asked Reese in Halsted's presence if everything he had stated In an affidavit reflecting on Noyes was correct. Reese sald it was so and in answer to Knight's question sald he had received no money from the attorney but his expenses to New York. Knight then asked if he would testify to the allegations in the affidavit in any court. Reese replied: “In_any place but Nome—anywhere he could get a square deal.’” After a brief cross-examimation by Geary, the inquiry adjourned till Tuesday next at 10:30 a. m. The people’s preterence as shown at the recent election for Republican principles is equally ag - » o