The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, November 13, 1900, Page 6

6 T isc, The = Call. TUESDAY : JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. cations to W. S, LEAKE, Manager v...Telephone Press 204 PUBLICATION OFFICE. .. Market and Third, . F. Telephone ¥ ROOMS. . 17 to 221 Stevensom St. Telephone Press 202, EDITORIAL Deltvered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. 5 Cents. ing Sunday), one year.. -2.86.00 g Sunday), 6 months. .. 3.00 day), 3 months .15 b . 85 DELY CALL, p b All postmasters are authorized to receive riptions. forwarded when requested. suld be rder S in r request OAKLAND OFFICE €. GEORGE Foreign Advert:s (Long Distance Telephone “‘Central 2619.”) 1118 Broadway Ma: r W YORK CORR! CARLTON C C NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: STEPHEN B. SMITH... +..30 Tribune Building WS STANDS: srentano, Union Square; STANDS: Sherman House News Co.; Great Northern Hotel; Fremont House; At Hotel WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE,...1408 G St., N. W. MORTON E. CRANE, Correspondent. BRANCH OFF —527 Montgomery, corner of Clay, open undl $:30 o'clock Hayes, open until 9:30 o'clock. 633 McAllister til 9:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin, open until pen until 1 18 o'clock. o'clock. 2261 Market, 109 Vale cloc Alcazar—*Lost Paradise. Columbla—"“The Ameer."” **Tannhauser." r dy streets—Specialties. Zoo and Theater—Vaudeville every afternoon and Fischer's—Vaudeville, TREES AND AGRICULTURE. S ANSAS ar K\ ave as a drawback to wind that blows from ds of torn f they had been b: ad small grain d in an oven. 1s been made that to agriculture in that rty years ago there was an ex- trees on the prairies and plains of These groves are now large es have grown to be forty feet Their mass deflects and breaks dense foliage affects it favor moisture to the lowering of its forest secretary of the Forestry As- has for years closely observed es can well afford to give up one- srface to artificial forests, because t remains would far exceed what produce if the entire surface were doubt of the correctness of t N 2 y of the soil, where crops can be pro- duced wit ng artificial irrigation, is always as- sociated w orests or with other natural conserva- tors of moisture, such as sloughs, ponds, swamps and akes. These and forests store moisture for evapora- tion, and not only mitigate the desiccating effect of dry and hot winds, but also supply moisture for dis- tion to the surface of the earth by the clouds. We have no doubt that three timber belts across the Sacramento Valley, from the coast range to the foot- hills of the Sierras, would rob our hot north winds of their destructive power, increase the moisture of the soil and add immensely to the productive capacity of the whole valley. Mr. Brown also points out that these protecting jorest belts in Kansas not only add to the present wealth of the State, but are storing resources for the ure. Having visited California last summer and observed the awful destruction of our forests by firs, re that their total extinction may be expected fifty vears, and that if Kansas continues build- ng forests by planting while we continue their de- struction by fire, within seventy-fige years from now Kancas will have to supply California with timber and lumber. We do not regard the prophecy as at all fantastic or improbable. Mr. Brown impeaches the Government reports of the forest area yet in ex- istence. He declares that these reports exaggerate the acreage of timber and tend to lull Congress and State governments to a feeling of false security, Which will cost this country dearly in the future. His advice to planters is to cease planting cottonwood and box elder, ‘which require too much moisture and are not very useful as timber or lumber, and instead to plant catalpa speciosa, black walnut, black locust, elm 1 osage orange and the mulberry, because that tree e, and birds are the best friends tr ic friendly to bird oi the forest 1t is not altogether improbable that when (hc Queen of Portugal saved a drowning boatman from death a few days ago the royal lady wanted to prove that if political events ever forced upon her the necessity of choosing a professional career she would be her own best press agent. —_— The Russian Embassador at Washington believes that what China needs is a ruling head. If the Rus- sian diplomat were nearer the Orient he would prob- 2bly think that what China needs is the ruling off of a few unrulv heads. The family of the young collegian of South Caro- lina who was hazed and killed a few days ago ought to be able to contribute some stern and timely, opinions on the cost of higher education as it is in- flicted in several American universities: ng. Marquette Building, Chicago. | nsas and Nebraska, and has con- | OUR CARRYING TRADE. STUDY of the volume of our foreign trade for the year ending the 3oth of last June brings for- ward at once the conditions under which that I vast commerce is handled on deep water. i* For that year our total imports were $849,714,670, and our total exports were $1,394,180,371. It will be seen that our total foreign trade reached the vast volume of $2,343,001,041. Lioyd's Register for 1808-09 gives to the United States a ship tonnage, including wood, iron and steel construction, steam and sail, of 2,448,677 tons. Great Germany has 2,113,981 { Britain has 12,567,004 tons. | tons. France has 1,179,515 tons. Norway has 1,643,- 217 tons. The total tonnage of the world is 26,561,250 tons. We rank second, but Great Britain leads us by 1 10,000,000 tons, and, adding to her tonnage that of the ‘ § oy pBritish colonies, which is half as much as ours, her “|total is 13,665,312 tons and exceeds ours by 11,216,635 tons. These figures mean that most of the world’s carry- {ing trade is done in British bottoms, and that our ex- ternal commerce, of iions, has to rely upon England for transportation and is carried under the British flag. -The ships are built of British material, in British shipyards, by British workmen. All of the profits of construction, insurance and equipment, the wages of sailors and officers, paid by us in freight charges go abroad in- stead of being kept at home. Any blow that strikes the commercial flag of Great ; Britain hits our trade by cutting off or crippling the | means of caerying it *o.our customers,® Our trade has ekpanded in other grand divisions of the world more | rapidly than in Europe. In breadstuffs the increase in our export to the continent of Europe in the vear ending last June was 10 per tent, while the in- crease to Oceanica was 48 per cent, to Asia 43 per cent. These statistics bring into focus the imperative ne- cessity of protecting our increasing foreign trade by | ownership of the facilities for its transportation. | Primarily it is a question of profit; secondarily it is | one of continued existence. | In our brief Spanish war was furnished in miniature sre than two and a quarter bil- what happens in war to trade under the flag of a | belligerent. 'Alien cargoes under the Spanish flag | were captured on the high seas, and had Spain been | in control of as much of the world’s carrying trade as | Great Britain a deadening paralysis would have fallen | upon the world’s commerce. We cannot afford to | longer give away the profits of deep-water transporta- tion, nor to longer incur the risk of losing all our foreign trade by having it carried under an alien flag, ¥ t may at any time be involved in war with a com- | bination powerful enough to make the risk of shipping er it greater than the profit. The immediate revival of our merchant marine goes { hand in hand with the construction of an isthmian canal. We want the canal and we want American ships of the first class to carry commerce by that short route around the world. With these two measures promptly accomplished it may be truthfully said that it will only have begun | | the utilization of the vast resources of our continent, and the vast energies of our people. In many respects we are the most fortunate of the nations in being at the beginning of the creation of a merchant marine. We have no obsolete methods to discard at the cost of their abandonment. All of the newest findings of science and art in the building and propelling of ships are at our service. | that are equipped with a merchant marine up to their | capacity for its profitabie use, to avail themselves of | the best must lose what they have. Our tonnage is so small compared with our capacity to use its facilities that the obsoleting process will work us no injury. Our land transportation is the best in the world," | and its creation was, in the beginning, fostered by the | Government. Our water transbortation must hava | the same attention. = This subject is of peculiar and pressing interest to | this coast. The trade of the Pacific i% soon to excel all dreams. It is our trade. It should be carried under | our flag. Our shipyards should be multiplied, and :here should be the finest opportunity for marine ar- | ckitects and mechanics, and as the fleets are launched here should American sea-going enterprise find its ; | most profitable employment. It is to be hoped that our commercial bodies will at once take the matter in hand and command the atten- | tion of Congress. | S——————— ’ ; of the bank in Elizabethport in which he was em- ployed as a clerk, followed by Alvord’s achieve- SAFEGUARDS FOR BANKS. ment in robbing the First National Bank of New | York of about $700,000, has set the people of the East | devising ways and means for preventing such frauds | in the future. At present our banks are fairly secure against outside robbers of all kinds, from forgers to | burglars; but they are evidently exposed in a danger- | otis degree to rascals within. Their employes of very nearly every kind, from president down, appear able to take money whenever they choose, and as much | as they choose, and to keep up the fraud for years at a time. Schreiber was a subordinate clerk, getting only $900 a year, vet he had no difficulty in getting thousands of dollars from the bank for the purpose of splurging in the New York teaderloin. Alvord was a note | teller, with a salary which has been variously re- !porled at from $33500 to $5000 a year, and he would | have got away with a million had not his frauds been discovered accidentally. Russell Sage, in a letter to the New York Times on the subject, suggests the advisability of shifting | bank clerks from one position to another so fre- | quently thgt none of them would have an opportunity to practic@ fraud to any great extent. He says: “When I read in the newspapers, first about | Schreiber and then about Alvord, I am very much“im- | pressed with the fact that it is an unwise policy to let | 2 man handling great sums of money stay too long in one position. In the first place he gets into a rut and is not likely to do the best kind of work. In the secondplace, being left undisturbed, sayfor some years, Le becomes so thoroughly familiar with the books and affairs generally under his control that he is able | to see casily where he might appropriate money tem- porarily—for none of them ever starts out with the infention of keeping it forever. Should he be weak morally, or speculatively inclined, the temptation may be too strong for him and he yields, because he be- licves-that he may be able to hide his peculatians.” The New York Post objects to Mr. Sage’s schems on the ground that it would be impracticable. It says: “To shift the note teller to the paying teller's win- dow, the paying teller to that of the exchange clerk, and so on along the line. would be to paralyze the business of a bank every time it happ;ned. It would take a man until the next shiit to familiarize himself with his work and become acquainted with what the \ CHREIBER'S success in getting $106,000 out Other nations | expert bank clerk needs to have at his fingers’ ends. It requires months, and often years, to make a first- class teller and acquaint him with all he needs to know to dispatch the business of his desk without mistakes or delays.” The Post suggests that bank directors make | themselves acquainted with the habits of their trusted | clerks, that adequate salaries be paid honest and capable mén, and that there be created and main- { tzined an audit bureau within the bank itself, to main- tain a constant and critical investigation of 'every de- ! tail of the business. ; | It has been said of old, “in a multitude of counsel | there is wisdom”; and so, out of the discussion now going on, the bankers may arrive at a plan for safe- guarding their money from their trusted employes. In the meantime it is to be noted that some of the New York bankers have begun to investigate the ‘lmbits of their clerks, and a recent report sdys the | German Savings Bank has just discharged three | clerks who were found to be making bets on race- | courses. Perhaps that plan may produce good re- sults, but the world will not forget that some fraudu- lent bank clerks and cashiers have been more con- spicuous at church than at race tracks. Evidently aa audit board would be safer than a'spy system on the | clerks aiter banking hours. T ———— SHIP SIGNALING AT SEA. DISPATCH from London to the New York | fl Herald of recent date says: “The Belgian packet steamer Princess Clem- entine, while nearing Dover pier on Saturday, ex- changed words with Ostend, across nearly fifty miles of sea. Mr. Marconi's instrument ticked off mes- | sages to and from Belgium with congratulations to King Leopold, to the Minister of Railways, and to the Mail Packet Department at Brussels. The Prin- | cess Clementine was doing her twenty knots in dark- | ness, and the passengers were peacefully sleeping in their bunks. The only connection between the ship | and shore was a wire hoop at the topmast. When the Belgian authorities have formally approved the system it will be extended to all other Belgian packets.” That practical illustration of what can be accom- | plished by wireless telegraphy in its present state of | development shows the vast use that may be made of |it. When a ship fifty miles distant from the coast can send to land a notification of her approach and fix | almost to a minute the time of her arrival, it is clear that we have it our power to get rid of much of the difficulty that attends navigation at the entrance to harbors. Should all ships make use of the system notice could be sent ahead in every case to pilots and | others interested in the approaching ship, so that every preparation might be made for receiving her. We have already directed attention to the experi- ments made by Marconi in England, by which he | proved the capability of his system to preserve the secrecy of dispatches, and to send various messages | along parallel lines or across one another without con- | fusing the receiver, and also his ability to operate the system without the use of high masts. Those tests justify the expectation that the system will be available for all purposes for which telegraphy is used. Con- sequently the early years of the coming century ma see the end of all telegraphing by wire. Cities will be rid of that much of the overhead wire nuisance, | and in many other ways benefits will be reaped from the splendid invention of Marconi. | JAPAN AND HER INDUSTRIES. INCE the United States and the various nations ‘S of Europe conscnted to a revision of the oll | treaties with Japan and placed that countfy upon an equal footing with other powers there has | been a movement among the Japanese in favor of cstablishing a system of protection as well as the gold standard for the promotion of their industries. The supporters of the movement argue that since the Japanese have profited so much by following the | United States and Europe in matters of finance they will find an equal benefit from adopting their tariff policies That view of the question is combated by Count Okuma, formerly Prime Minister of Japan, in an | article in the North American Review on “The In- The Count points | custrial Revolution of Japan.” | cut that at the time the new order ®f things began in | Japan in 1868, “most Japanese were in utter igno- | rance of the complicated theories of free trade and protection, so that the pros and cons of both sys- tems had never been discussed among them. Japan thus adopted a free trade policy neither voluntarily nor knowingly, but at the pleasure of the foreign powers.” He goes-on to cite the benefits that have resulted from such trade, and to show that with the cheap labor that prevails among them the Japanese need fear no competitors from the outside. As an illustration of the success-of Japan in com- peting with Europe and the United States in manu- factures he cites the facts that Japanese matches are exported not only to China but to the British islands and elsewhere; that cotton spinning has so developed that, while twenty years ago there were only 20,000 spindles in the kingdom, there are now 1,300,000, and Japanese spinners, besides providing the domestiz need, export cotton yarn to China, and that a show- ing almost equally good is made in the production of paper, cement, woclen goods, silk, brushes and soap. Moreover, in nearly all lines of industry the people are going ahead in manufacturing not only their own raw material but the cotton and wool { brought from other lands. As further illustrations of the ability of the Japa- | nese to meet all.comers in free competition, the Count gives a series of tables showing that since 1868 the exports of Japan have advanced from less than $16,- 000,000 to more than $166,000,000, and during the same time the imports have increased from $26,000,000 to $443,000,000. In conclusion he says: “Japan is not likely to adopt a protective policy in spite of her having secured something like tariff | autonomy by her revised treaties with the Western nations, and in spite of the opinions of those who wish to take advantage of the terms of those treaties. She is aware thzg for the development of her resources she is indebted to the free-trade system, and she will remain a willing instrument for benefiting other na- tions through it as well as herself.” The remark about “helping other nations” through free trade is cunningly put. Doubtless Count Okuma would like the United States to engage in the same beneficial work, but until we are willing to see the American workingman competing with the Japanese at Japanese wages we will prefer the protective sys- tem. Japan's progress so far from alluring us to free trade warns us against i The Spaniards who are boycotting American work- ingmen at Tampa, Fla., should remember that we are still buying South Sea islands from their home Gov- ernment. If we get mad we are sure to destroy the only market which Spain has for her remaining com- modities. | don Illustrated Mail THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1900. EUROPEAN IDEAS OF McKINLEY AND BRYAN Quaint Cijppings From Foreign Journals on the Standard Bearers and Their Late Running Mates. President McKinley is a giant of physi- cal strength. When roughs attempt to interrupt his speeches he leaves the plat- form and knocks the heads of the in- truders together until their teeth rattle. Mr. Bryan is a reformed cowboy, and was once known as “Silver Bill, the Dead Shot cf the Platte.” At present he is a bonanza farmer. These are a few of the mamy new facts about the Presidential candidates printed In recent issues of forelgn newspapers and perfodicals. Almost every recent issue of each German, French or English paper has contained an article on the ‘‘Ameri- can election,” and most of these articles have fairly bristled with new and start- ling facts about the candidates and the issues. There can be no doubt that even Mr. McKinley and Mr. Bryan would be greatly surprised if they could read some of the things the foreign journalists have found out about them. Take, for instance, the entertaining tale printed in the Lon- setting forth the prowess of President McKinley as an am- ateur Sandow and explaining how he is in the habit of treating people who ven- ture to interrupt him when he is making a speech. McKinley has always been noted, ac- cording to the Mall, for his huge muscu- lar development. His biceps measure enough inches -to frighten a_prizefighter, and he refuses even to wink his eye in order to avoid trouble. In fact, as the London journalist has discovered, he car- ries a chin around on his shoulder and is mrlrly aching to have some one knock it of. On_one occasion, says the Englishman, Mr. McKinley was taking part in an elec- tioneering campalgn fn one of the East- ern States where there was flerce and bitter opposition to the candidate whom he was supporting. At one of his meet- ings a crowd of semi-civilized young men frcm one of the outlying districts came into the hall and started to create a dis- turbance by playing on their tomtoms and giving three cheers for the rival can- didate. After waving his hands for si- lence in vain, Mr. McKinley took off his coat and fought his way to the center of the room, where 'sat the ringleaders. They were two giants in stature, but McKinley seized them one in each hand and beat their heads together until their teeth rat- tled and they begged piteously for mercy. A third man of equal size and strength, who attempted to escape after giving his war whoop, was pursued and captured by Mr. McKinley, who, seizing him by the kair, dragged him back through the hall to the platform, in spite of his tremen- dous struggles and shrieks for mercy. On reaching the platform Mr. McKinley doubled niz weeping captive up like a jackknife and deposited him on the seat of an arm chair, immediately sitting down upon him. Then, the Mail informs us, Mr. McKiniey put on an innocent and unruffled expression and addressed the au- | if nothing had kappened. other gentleman desires to be dience a: “If an sat upon,” he }s alleged to have said, “‘he | can be easily accommodated. There are plenty of chairs up here on the platform and several of the committee weigh over 200 pcunds each. Pray walk up.” Thereafter it is reiated that President McKinley never had any trouble in keep- ing his audiences in order. After perpe- trating this weird tale, which fortunately comes too late to be used by the Demo- crats as an example of the methods em- \lcved by the Republicans in-suppressing free speech, the Mall concludes with a joke. It reviews Major McKinley's mili- tary career and declares that “it re- n he dounds considerably to his credit that never became a colonel, differing in th:! Tespect from the vast majority of t n; American citizens.” This joke is, 0! course, accompanied by a full and com- plete chart and explanation, but (heldn T dent in the political meeting is tol most serious anq det.idly. earnest. In a paper published in the south of France ‘:spround an even more Emus‘ni account of the early life and exploits o Colonel Bryan. This story, it appears, was written by the Paris correspondent of the provincial paper. and is based, so the writer avers, on information furnished by intimate friends of the candidate whxu have be‘en p;omlm-m‘ x:l the French capi- tal during the exposition. The \Veit?rn wag who filled the French- man so full of new and startling informa- tlon must have smiled to himself as he read in cold print the statement that “M. le Colonel Bryan first came into fame as one of the strange, half-savage band of cowboys''—gardeur de vaches, it appears in the original—‘who roamed over the Far West, fighting the Indians and wild beasts. Imitating, perhaps, the custom of the Indian chiefs, each of these cow- boys bore a nickname based on some of | his exploits as a hunter or fighter. Thus | M. le Colonel Bryan's familiar title among | his rough but brave and sturdy comrades was Silver Bill, the Dead Shot—'Bill d"Ar- gent.’ After the treaty of peace was signed with the Indlans at Chicago in 189 Colonel Bryan went out of the cat- tle business and became one of the bo- nanza farmers of the West. He can now sit on his back stoop, as the rear ve- randa is_called in America, and look over his fields of waving corn stretching farther than the eye can reach in every direction. As a result of his early train- ing on the plains, when he spent months at a time without an opportunity of talk- ing to another human being, the candi- date for President is extremely taciturn and can hardly be persuaded to express his opinion on the issues of the campaign. He is the author of a book of adventure called ‘The First Battle,’ in which some of his encounters with the Indians of the Tammany and other tribes are described at length. In the effort to partially neu- tralize the strength of M. le Colonel amorfg the cowboys and Indians, who make up the largest part of the voting population west of the Alleghany Moun- tains, the Republicans have nominated M. | le Colonel Roosevelt for Vice President | M. le Colonel Roosevelt is orle of the lead ing amateur cowboys In America, and 1s especlally famous for having once van- quished a grizzly bear in single combat. During the present campaign M. le Colo- | nel Roosevelt has ridden a series of horses all over the country giving exhibitions of rough riding such as were seen in Paris |a year or more ago under the direction of another famous American statesman.” A Germanrf)a er says that the renomi- nation_of Adlal Stevenson for the posi- | ion_of Vice President is another illus- | tration of the fact that boys of the most | humble parentage have an opportunity of rising to the highest positions in America. | Thus Abraham Lincoln was a rail split- | ter, and_ “Old Abe’'s ax'_ was a rallying, cry in Ris campalgns. Herr Stevenson, alio, it seems, early learned to use the ax, and even after he had risen to a high position in the Postoffice Department he did not scorn to get dut his ax on occa- sior and do a little work around the de- partment with it. is evidence of indus- try and lack of false pride on his part have greatly endeared him to a large class of voters. Like so many great statesmen, Me has been given a pet or | nickname by his friegds. Thus as Oliver Cromwell was by the English “Old Tron- sides” called, so Herr Stevenson is by his compatriots “Old Mossyback™ nicknamed. PERSONAL MENTION. F. C. Smith, a Portland iron man, is at the Grand. Peter Johnson, jeweler at Sonora, is at the Grand. §. N. Griffith, a prominent Fresno min- ing man, is at the Lick. Colonel C. A. McGlashan and wife of Truckee are at the Russ. J. F. Clapp, a Chicago mining man, is registered at the Grand. D. W. Stevens, a prominent Washington merchant, is at the Palace. A. J. Pillsbury, aTulare newspaper man, is registered at the Grand. P. F. Wood of Tulare, a prominent land owner, is at the Grand with his wife. W. Richardson, a prominent Truckee Jumber merchant, is registered at the Russ. Dr. Humphreys Is at the California again, raving returned from his trip to Honolulu. Edward Chambers, general traffic_man- ager for the Santa Fe at Los Angeles, is _stopping at the Palace. Captain D, F. Devall and Captain J. H. Egan of New Bedford, Mass., are stopping at the Russ for a few days. Dr. C. A. Ruggles of Stockton, member. of the State Board of Health, was regis- tered at the Grand yesterday. D. W. Luce, assistant general freight and passenger agent of the Southern Pa- cific at Los Angeles, is in town. George Learts of Des Moines, fleld su- perintendent of the Fidelity Mutual Life Insurance Company, is at the Grand. J. G. Woodworth of Seattle, general trafic manager of the Pacific Coast Com- pany, is stopping at the Palace for a fgw days. \ : Rev. D. T. Huntington, a missionary from Hankow, and his daughter arrived on the China yesterday and they are stop- ping at the Occidental. Mrs. F. A. Barton and child are at the Occidental. They arrived from Buffalo, N. Y., yesterday and are on their way to Manila, where Colonel Barton Is ’sta- tioned. T. B. Richards, proprietor of the Hono- lulu livery bles, who has been touring the southern part of the State, is at the Occidental and will return home on the next steamer. Among the passengers aboard the steam- er China, which came into port yesterday, was C. Bagdenovitch, the Russian com- mander of the much talked about cruise of the Samoa. The Russian claimsdthat the captain of the Samoa violated the charter of the vessel when he took orders from Captain Roberts and steamed away for Nome in the dead of the night with- out waiting for the commander's permis- sion. He says the expe..tion cost about $65,000, and he proposes *o eollect some of this from the Samoa’s owners. C e——————————— Californians in Washington. WASHINGTON, Nov. 12—P. M. Me- Bean iIs at the Shoreham; A. L. White ana wife and Miss Florence White are at the Arlington; W. W. Bryan and wife and E. C. Bryan a t the Ebbitt. All are from San Franc! ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. DEER IN ARIZONA—J. H. J., Santa Cruz, Cal. The close season for deerin Arizora is from January 1 to September 1. SOUTH AFRICA—H. H., Stockton, Cal. Ax vet:no figures have been published showing the total number of killed and wounded, British and Boer, during '('Il’la war in the aal Vg CONSULT A PHYSICIAN—N. N., City. The questions asked relative to shoulder, chest,-throat and nostrils are such tnat only a reputable doctor can an: an ex..m!g‘-luon of the lndlvldln'l.' o o CUSTOM-HOUSE—H. W., Soquel, Cal. The salary of assistant wel:??:r udc‘;t iz?gler in the Custom-house is $1200 a The of messenger An l-vagun for the pvlll-um”o.l ¥ sampler takes the first grade examina- ticn and the applicant for either of the other two positions takes the second grade examination under Unfted States civil service rules. PULLMAN CAR—A. P. G, City. Pull- man cars measure in length from 42.5 feet to 72, height above the track 14 to 15 feet and width 9.8 feet. BRYAN'S WEALTH—G. W. C., City. What William J. B n is worth is knewn to William J. Bryan, and as he has not-taken the public into his confl- ;]L‘jl‘l(‘e in that matter it is Impossible to eil. - JURORS—L J. G., City. Jurors in the Btate of California are paid in civil buc not in criminal cases. Grand jurors are not paid in California. Grand juries serve until such business as is brought before such have been investigated. AN OFFICER'S WIDOW-N. N., Ala- | meda, Cal. If the widow of an officer or of a soldier of the United States army, who is entitled to a pension, marries agaln or dies the pension ceases. If there are any children in either case as to the mother they draw pension until each has attained the age of 1 THE ALABAMA CLAIMS—T. F., City. The aggregate of what is known as the Alabama claims against Great Britain was about $48,000,000. These were referred to a joint high commission, which on the 14th of September, 1572, decided that Great Britain was responsible for the original fitting out and subsequent escape of the Alabama and her subsequent free admis- sion Into British ports; was similarly lia- ble in the case of the Florida; was liable for captures made by the Shenandoah after she was permitted to leave Mel- bourne, but was not responsible for the acts of the Georgia, Sumter. Nashville, Tallahassee, Chickamauga and Retribu- tion. The claim for indirect dl.m s to American commerce was not allowed. The commission decided at Great Britain should pay the United'States in compen- sation for demage done by the vessels hamed the sum of £3,229,166 135 4d ($15,- 500,000). The payment to the United States was made September 9, 1873, + FASHION HINT FROM PARIS. 1 3 \ RED SATIN DRESS. This dress is of ponceau Liberty satin: the stole collar is of guipure and black EDITORIAL UTTERANCE IN VARIETY CHICAGO CHRONICLE—It is that any one of a hundred Sound ) Dl:l!,e Democrats standing uron a gold standard platform and advocating other unmistak- :o.}lved mor‘::l;ltlc l:eu! would have re- eeived otes than Mr. Bryan re- NEW YORK EVENING SUN—However much the American heiress may p:ty the princellng who has placed his art treas- ures and himself at her feet, she will do well to ask: “Would you be so anxious :ar::fi'r‘ry me if you could sell your pic- PHILADELPHIA LEDGER—C: owes this country’ a debt of gratituds ,“::d the Constitutional Convention will éndnublw!- Iy be reasonable enough to recognize he propriety of fiv\ng s0me guarantee that ibis country is fairly dealt with: that = hostile tariff system, for instance, will not be erected against the United States BOSTON POST-The next step woul !l seem to be an Inquiry Into the means ¢ exterminating the mosquito. The vafie charged with thes sclence as “cule benevolent assimilation m A policy be applicabis to other kinds-of mogquitoes, but exter | mination alone meets the case of the “fas clatus.” NEW YORK HERALD tion applies to every foot of the nationul The constitu- domaln, wherever situated. It is the su- preme law_ of the lund wherever the American flag floats over an Ameriean possession. It attaches proprio vigore : all territory acquired by the nation. lis fun@amental gudrantees and principles aresequally potent in all. CHICAGO INTER-OCEAN—When tha American people wake up to the fact th that modern war s an art to which mu be trained as they are to run engines build houses, then there will be no mo: talk about the unpreparedness of this tion to defend its rights. Meanwhile t! American people have before them, their little regular army and in thefr mod est navy, examples of military prepare.i- ness surpassed by no other nation. PROVIDENCE JOURNAL- It is at ones amusing and saddening to look over the ‘Atlantic Monthly or the North American Review of forty years ago modest anonymous articles of a a Whipplé, and then turn to ¢ magazines of to-day where t portant skit carries the name writer in big black type. The main thi then was wgat was sald, not who sald and this.is an ideal to which it would d no harm to return. NEW YORK TRIBUNE—Our guns may never speak save in friendly salute ii.: the flag must be there, and the ships mu-: be there, and the guns, with men behind them, must be there. It is a simple law but it is an_ inexorable law. And t nation can take no more certain step ward assuring the open door and its abundant use of that door in China thar by making its navy commensurate with the commercial development it alms at in that quarter of the world. PHILADELPHIA NORTH AMERICAN —The American has never had the ad- vantages of education to such a degree as at the present time. In many States the compulsory educational system forcing the youth of this country to uire knowledge that a century ago was the luxury of the rich. To-day education of a high order is within the grasp of ev- ery child, and no matter how poor the family, the boy or the girl has chances that are of inestimable value. PITTSBURG DISPATCH—England used to turn up its nose at the United States for being hysterical and disorderly, and to bid our nation to profit by the exam- le of correct reserve set by England. Late manifestations by the jingo element have put an end to that claim of superior- ity. Becayse 200000 English soldiers have by several months campaigning succeed- ed in_conquering 4,000 Boers, the London crowds have acted as if that were a suf- ficlent cause for discarding what sanity and reason were llnp{)nsed to be left when England embarked in that war. CHARLESTON NEWS AND COURIER —If we had walted for some other com- munity or State to make plans for hold- ing an exposition in Charleston we should have walted forever, but no sooner did we make a start for ourselves than the outside wcrld began to send messages of congratulation and offers of practical as- sistance. The more faith we show in our- gelves. the more confidence other peopie will hFave in us. The more we risk in our efforts to build up Charleston, the more will outside capitalists and investors ven- ture with us in our undertakings. NEW YORK TRIBUNE-The thing to hope for. and indeed expect. Is an almest imperceptible.improvement of the present social system. And in contributing to that improvenmient the clergy may do much by teaching the primary duties of obligation, right, justice ara righteous- ness, posifed on the principle of universal brotherhood. An evolution of the present system Is what should be striven for, and not a revolution on the lines of some crude, half baked doctrinaire scheme of sociology which has never been tested by experience and runs ccunter to the facts of human nature. CHICAGO TIMES HERALD-The bold advocaey of a customs union on the part of the trading nations of Europe against the United States is significant of the general alarm among the manufacturers and producers of the Old World over our marvelous gains in export trade. It is almost inconceivable that our invasion of the world’s markets, without the advant- age of a_merchant marine flying our own flag, and being much more remote from some of thesa markets than the Old World manufacturers, should have be- come such a menace fo Europe as to in- vite discussion of such desperate meas- ures as a customs unicn to restrain us. A CHANCE TO SMILE. “What is the ‘yellow peril” ™ “What is it? You know as well as I do that mighty few women can make good pumpkin pies.'—Chicago Record. Askit—What is a convenient fall trip for me to take? Tellit—You mlrht step on a banana peel or try to balance on a cake of soap at the head of the stairs.—Baltimore American, bt Mrs. Leo Hunter—Wh; icious of Count von elp being cross-eyed. r. Hunter—I know it; but he erooked.—Smart Set. Mr. de Top (at the door)—Is Miss Mabel at _home? 3 Maid—No, sir; but she says If that's a box_of candy she saw in your hand yo might I'ave it.—Philadelphia Press. Among the funny things women do Is 12 spread an old red shawl over the sofa and put a_candle with a red shade on a tabla near by and call it an Orfental corner.— Atchison Globe. “They say that giel visiting Mrs. Jipp 18 homely enough to stop a clock. “Nonsense; 1 found her so attractive and entertaining that while she was Sing- ing for me I sneaked up and stopped the clock myself.”—Detroit Free Press. Uncle (giving his nephew a few hints on politeness)—Now, why, for instance, do I make it a point to turn my back as little as possible to the ladies? Johnny (promptly)—So they won't sea your bald spot.—Meggenderfer Blaetter. Doctor (to hospital attendanty—How many dead this morning?’ Attendant—Nine, sir. Doctor—But how l-‘ that? T wrote aut ten prescriptions yesterday? Attendant—Yes, sir; but one of the pl tients would not take the medicine.— k-Me-Up. —_—————————— Cal. glace fruft 50c per 1 at Townsend's.” - —_—————————— Special houses and the gomery st. Telephone Main 1042, 4 —————ee The largest and nicest line of California n see the 1 Lowell ° are ”OII S0 uint? He can looks calendars (191) ever designed now on ex- hibition and sale at S3anborn, Vall & Co. s 741 Market st. o In certain parts of Australla cannibal trees flourish—trees which can hold man's body in their center and devour as readily as our insectivorous wild flow- ers trap the inseets on which they zur(l\' subsist. _In rance are M &l gantic pine: many of them 1% eleven feet in t. Dr. Sanford’'s Liver Invigorator. The best liver medieine. A .vegetable cure f7 liver ills, billousness. indigestlon. constipation. ® e e DR. SIEGERT'S Angostura Bitters excite the appetite and prepare the stomach for its work. A half wineglass before meals. Get SIEGERT 3 ‘