The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, October 19, 1900, Page 9

HEROES OF TIENTSIN RETURN ON THE PEKING Capt. Leonard Says He Did His Duty Only When He Rescued a Comrade Under Fire. rgeant Adams, who returned with S fieiped the officer from the field \d for several months Leohard was con- led in the Yokohama hospital, where his \ was amputated. rgeant Adams his superior officer over his gallant deed. For a distance of 1300 yards the two were der fierce fire. e TS Crart, formerly Miss Helen o the Peking from Hono- raft is reputed to be worth 1 a million, For several years as been one of the agents of the ‘mane Soctety in Hopolulu, and it is T 'sie obtained more than 300 prosecu tions last year. DID my duty—which was no more han any American officer would have | L ne under the circumstances,” said aptain Henry Leonard modestly, hen asked to Gescribe his heroic res- ain Smedley D. Butler of the Ps, who was shot in the battle July 13. Captain Leonard Joseph M. Adams came in of Peking yesterday. Both uniform, the captain’'s left coat gling by his side. He had eac arm to save the life of officer. his ptain Leonard is very young looking, (aptain W. H. Gould also came home ecd. He Is one of the youngest officers the Peking. He left his steamer a olulu and is stopping for the present e marines got into Tientsin just in time T the Russ. se Marines got into Tientsin just in time catch the most terrific part of the fight- g. In the face of a galling fire Leonard sshed his way to the front to rescue Cap Butler, who had been wounded wh cuing &’ fellow comrade - TRANSPORT SEERMAN ARRIVES Brings Home Sick and Wounded Soldiers From the Philippines. The United States transport Sherman arrived from Manila via Nagasaki yes terday afternoon and was placed In quar- She brought over fifty-three cabin engers, 467 invalids, 152 discharged sol- er was found lying helpless on the river bank. The bullets were flying about m @s thick as bees. Leonard faced the creaming missiies, lifted the pro: fMicer and plunged into the river wi ntine. Lurden. He was at once a target for the 8 D . “ flendish Boxers, but his swift, powerful 71 prisoners and 12 insane, besides ctrokes soon brought him beyond range ' the remains of forty-two soldlers, and 248 nd he landed Butler safe within the packages of United States mall. allies’ lines. The transport Hancock, which arrived Leonard then proceeded to join his com- at Honolulu on the 8th inst., took aboard pany, which had been sent to reinforce the the remains of thirty-seven soldiers which Ninth Regiment. On his way and at were disinterred. At Guam many more. bodies will be taken on board. and at anila 130 dead await transportation to the United States on the transport. COLD ONLY WILL IL THE WOUND Sophie Judnich Sues Anton Judnich for Breach of Promise. bout the same time that Colonel Liscum 1 & Mannlicher bullet pierced his left arm, shattering the bone. JURY REFUSES T0 OBEY COURT Declines to Acquit James M. Blanchard on Embezzle- ment Charge. e Sophie Judnich filed suit ageinst Anton Judnich to recover $10 damages and one-half of all moneys on deposit in defendant’s name in the local banks. Though burdened with the same mily name, plaintiff and defendant are not related. Were they related in accord- & ith plaintiff’s hopes the present suit would never have been brought. On August 4 last, it is claimed by So- phi¢ Judnich, she yielded to the earnest solicitations of Anton of the same name nd promised to become his bride on Oc- confronted with 2 yesterday 000 e was roved that he two gold em for the return tober 14 last. Bubsequently, she alleges, N quivalent in cof he promised to give her one-half of ali e jewelry compan; moneys he possessed in the local banks if . rested and charged with uld surely become his wife on the Dunne instructed he return of th de before Blanch not be convicted o set. To this she assented, her appreciation he promised to marry him even than October 14, if he sald the and to , the plaintiff says, and neglected to marry her to divide his ¢ . Hence she t to make the financial df and announced reach a verdict quidation of one contract and e abie to force th 0% to the same as compensation 1 it discharged of a husband. The complain- e weili X POOLROOM ORDINANCE GOES ON STATE TICKET Election Commisssioners Pave the Way for Test of Proposed Meas- ure if It Wins. M SOLDIERS ACQUITTED OF s The Board of tion Commissioners CHARGES OF NEGLIGENCE A iiienine. Rl Aeskd Allowed Five Prisoners to Bseape the ordinance licessing the sell- . = x g of pools on contests between men and Are Not Punished—Shafter % f Pools on < 3 rich will be voted for oves Verdict. Disappr at the next election. This action is the ' Michael to Golofnin Bay show that Tol- | bread, 28 cs canned geods, 20 ¢s coal ofl, 1115 | from Bremen, ete. rels H. J. Muffelman, J. R. Bur- er petition signed by | ston Point has gone; that Unalakifk fs |8 dried fruit, 45 cs drugs, 10 tons coal, 3| FEailed Oct 1S—Stmr Bonn, for Bremen; stmr ¥ te W. Ben- ting the submission of s inland; that eindeer station at | €8 dry goods, 449 bxs fruit, e e . g s t ; tha ation at | By oy frderackers, 8 o8 &lasswace, 197 Dk rhourg: stm or “Havre. v She aane oF ance to legalize gambling to a | ¢ Denbigh 1s away out z{l\‘;l{;u.ux);let ¢ R e o i laions o o £l Arrived Oct 18—Stmr Saxonia, from N : presidio, were e people s no bay as she DY pres feet lumber, 2250 Ibs malt, 2 <5 mac i B e ot s r Walsh sated that it would be | chart; that Golofnin Bay is only one-third | 55" jgs maile. 31 era onions, 5 s acmnesys —Argived Oct 16—Stmr Manitou, rge of negligence b to secure in time the nece: y ¢ own on the chart and that one- | crs potatoes, 14 cs paste, 11 bdls pipe, 10 kegs New_York. : r to print the ordinance on a £ of that one-third only carries a foot | 0. bxs raisins Ibs sage. 7 bals led Oct 13—Stmr Menominee, for New fi ket. Though convinced that water; that me of the rivers are s whisky, 15 pkas TAN . SRS e ot entirely regular, o sioughs, and that many of the 1922 steel ralls, 30 railroad wué‘.‘ MA-\H‘A—Amlv-d Oct 13—Stmr Fedenica, i 1 to piace the ordinanc inds ha\e' disappeared o never gals 70 cs wine, from Sen Francisco, G o 8 s ate ticket as a matter of expe: | Mollendo—27 pkgs sheet fron, 11 pairs | LIVERPC l—fif et t m;ltmdr ‘Now coast suryey steamer Patterson has | <, 2 cs machinery, 1 keg rivets. PR s S S et # 1 peen operating betw 3o . | 200 bbls flour. Lt B SR in-sil . Mkelihood -permit the' been opetating betwicn Golofuin Bay, Sy Tbs rice, 45 s silk, valuea | Sailed Oct 17—Stmr Pennland, for Philadel- nts of poolrooms to test the legal- of the proposed measure by raising - the se that a municipal matter should not be voted for at the same time as State n flicials. -5 L wadhee i Have you ever been baked i bat Lecn granted a 4 Alive? It is now being done days. + right here in San Francisco - # e § :E and with much more beneficial at the Gen- results than the methods pur- S TR i sued in the cannibal islands. i + officers are appointed to + Next Sunday’s Call will en- t r the trial of pris- < lighten you on the subject. Rore—iig, 1 b 3 ‘ ( ain Ch: ar- B T e e e = antry: Captain LARGE INCREASE IN CITY'S EXCESS REVENUE National Banks Agree to Pay Taxes Infantry: Cap y, Twentieth In- A. Lewis, Eight- ptain Frederic D. nfantry: Second Lieu- ..)i.z u-r_“Th’i"d Ar!ll}er,\. Amounting to $60,000 on e P Their Stock. Assessor Dodge said yesterday that thé national banks of this city -have agreed to pay the taxes on their stock and that the city's excess revenue will in conse- quence be increased by $60,000 over and above the §200.000 increase heretofore estl- mated. Dodge says that In his estimate of the amount on which it was certain that taxes would be collected he made an al- lowance of about $10.000.000 from the tax roll that would be invoived in litigation. This amount included about $5,000,000, the ssesement made against the stock of na- al banks. The surplus revenue was mated by Dodge at about $200.000: this amount being the taxes in excess of the tax roll over and above the $375,000,000 on which the tax rate was fixed by the Board of Supervisors in July last. As this 0% was not taken into account, it v appears that the surplus of the ity ] amount to nearly $300,000 instead of $200,000 as at flist estimated. ——— ———————— Auditor May Ignore Court Orders. The request of Sheriff Lackmann that a telephone be placed in his office In the Hall of Justice building caused Auditor Wells to declare yesterday that he will secure a Supreme Court decision as to whether or not he is compelled to honor a court order. Lackmann wanted the telephone paid for out of the urgent neces- sity fund, but Wells said that there was 2 fund for telephones which was already overdrawn. Lackmann threatened to have a court order issued for the tele- phone, but Wells said he would not hon- +or it, and if the Judge cited him for con- tempt for refusing to obey it he would im- mediately appeal to the Bupreme Court. Wells says that the charter explicitly supports him in his stand. ————— Wheat Charters. The Britizh ship Crocodile arrived from Newcastle, Australia, yesterday in 68 days, and the British ship Osborne came in a few minutes after her; having made the run in the same time from the same port. Both vessels are chartered to carry wheat to Liverpool, so they will have a chance to renew the race. The Crocodile only gets 31s 3d for her cargo, while the Osborne gets 35s. The Springburn, which got in vesterday, Is also chartered at éd to carry wheat to Cork. e ———— pure Food Condemned. nit Inspector Chalmers re- the Board of Health yesterday nspectors Reardon, William- sertson had condemned ases of deviled ham, 21 veast, 18 boxes of figs, pancake meal, 9 boxes of s of baking powder. 34 jars pounds of Jeily, 15 ducks, ..o b GRAPE-NUTS. A New and Highly Nutritious Food. ng name is used ar food, made not e pe of nuts, but having a flavor and crisp brittle- hem a charming fa- ™ e. alue than the taste is Grape-Nuts. They posed of Grape-Sugar ry can tell vou about those who use them will find meal has not only been has been quickly and for grape-sugar is an ed in the human body at the digestion of food, and ready for transformation into blood and nourishment. Do not understand that the ggrape- | of which Grape-Nuts is made, as been produced in the human bodyv. | But this grape-sugar is made by much the same process as the body emplovs. | This grap&sugar is produced by nat- ral treatment of grains without any | ign substance whatever. The re- t is perhaps the most highly nutri- us food ever produced. Grocers keep Grape-Nuts cul ti is quite as modest as | of his generosity | i 9, 1900. O CALL, FRIDAY THE SAN FRANCISC OCTOBER 1 ’ ALASKA’S COAST LINE IS NOT f AS PRESENT CHARTS SHOW IT ————————e Surveys Made by the Pathfinder Prove That Many Landmarks Do Not Exist and That Golofnin Bay Is Only a Third Its Supposed Area. i | | | | | i | | | | i | fg o THE UNITED STATES COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY STEAMER PATHFINDER AND CAPTAIN J. J. GIL- BERT. THE WORK DONE BY THIS VESSEL BETWEEN ST. MICHAEL AND GOLOFNIN BAY WILL NECES- SITATE A W MAP OF ALASKA. 3 18—Stmr Se- | HE United States Coast and Geo- | son, F. B. Paxton, Frank Warden, H. A. Jel- | FORT BRAGG—Arrived Oct % St dert, E. Clark, W. Arnold and wife and four | quola, from Port Los Angeles. detic Survey steamer Pathfinder | (R W “87h T\ Chcgney. Mra Kiesendahl | | EUREKA—Arrived Oct 15-Bktn J L Bvis- has lest about half her crew. Un- | ang two' children, N. at, W. L. Brandy, | ton, hence Oct 11 der her old rating she ranked as | A, R Franxa and child, M. Gray, W. | Satled Oct 15—Stmrs Taqua and South Coast, belonging to the navy and every | I hnson, Nix, M. Fisher, B. Fort, B. | for San Francisco; schr Eureka, for Honolulu. el e Tules and | L. Schwallis, M. Wefnstein. E. ¢. Lufkin, Jo- | HONOLULU—Arrived Oct 2-Ship Star of man aboard was under naval r | «éph Rosenberg, W. B. Allen, C. Metzger, E. | Russia, from Newcastle, Aus. Oct 3—Br bark | regulations. Now all hands come under | yeiger. Adderley, from Newcaile, Aus: schr Rosa- the rules and regulations of the coast and THE Harbor: Br bark Dominion. from Newcastle: . o : Br ba o z o A4 geodetic surv and but one-haif the | NEWS OF, THE OCEAN. Aus. “Oct 8—U S stmr Hancook, hence OCt 1. Oct 8—Stmr City of Rio de Janairo, hence Oct | 2; stmr City of Peking, from China. Oct 10— Bark Fresno, from Newcastle, Aus. Oct 11— Er stmr Moana, hence Oct 4; schr Mary E crew has taken the opportun € the ship. Some four cr five of the boys the officers would like to have kept, Matters of Interest to Mariners and Shipping Merchants. the remainder went over the side with a| The J. B. Leeds loads lumber at Eureka for ter, from Port B|nkcle£. thought following them that resembied | Mazatian. _Sailed Oct 8—Ship E B Sutton, for New “good riddance.” - \l rk. gct ;:g:rk W B Flint, for San Fran- danc cisco. Oct tn W G Irwin, for San Fran- Men to fill the vacancies will be secured Large Cargo for Liverpool. cisco. Oot 9-8hip Great Admiral, for Port | to-day, and inside of a week the Path-| The American ship Dirigo cleared yesterday | Townsend: schr A M Campbell, for Port Town: | finder will be ready for sea again. for Liverpoo! with a cargo of merchandise <‘“ . Oct mr Yy O o, for China; | L i be 1 . 4 Ats cino- | S stmr Hancock, sails for Manila, via Guam. | When the Pathfinder was launched, yalued at #0316, Including the following: | ™ poRT Bl AKELEY—Arrived Oct 15—8chr | crelary Gage was pr December, 1868, 42,026 cs canned salmon, 65,248 cs canned fruit, Bainbridge, from Pgrt Townsend. ent and Pr ent McKinley wired him |5 s copper matte, 100 cs honey, 2 cs elk | “NOMES = R S from the White House, “Best wistes for | horns, 3, ctls ~ wheat, 40,000 feot lumber| oo sEoArrived Sept 20—Stmr San Pedro, | the Pathfinder and for a successful | dunnage. ekl COOS BAY—Arrived Oct 17—Stmr Empire, launching.” That telegram is now framed | e hasice Oct 15 and forms the only ornament in Captain | Departure of the Panama Steamer. ; SOU THr BEND—Salled Oct 16—Stmr Rival, | J. J. Gilbers Tha steamer City of Para sailed yesterday | fOF San Francisco. The Pre for New York via Panama, with a general FOREIGN PORTS. PORT NATAL—Arrived Oct 13—Schr Hono- lulu._from Port Gamble. KINSALE—Pass > siip from the aid Captain_ Gilbert = t of the trial board and | cargo valued at $143.2iS, manifested as follows: 3; for Central America, e 3; 1 : 4 Oct 13—Br ship Buphro- | nevel ai el do better ‘than the | $16,454; for Panama, $216; | syne, hence June 15, for Queenstow | Pathfinder » F. W. Perkins took The following were | QUEENSTOWN—Arrived Oct 15—Br ship her on her maiden cruise, and when he | st AL e Sy s S 7— > % was ordered to Manila I cross the | O i S s el 2 A—Sailed Get 17—Br ship Merion- | tirent and took charge at Seattle. | wire, 11 bbls beef, 55,000 Ibs bluestone, 15 crs | FALMOUTH—Sailed Oct 18—Br ship Ber- From the time we left Puget Sound | bricks, 235 bbls cement, 5 cs candles, 534 s | wickshire, for Galway. until we gc to San Francisco I| cheese, 8 bdls cordage, 432 cs coal ofl, 7 pkgs | SYDNEY—Arrived prior to Oct 17—Br stmr never saw a vessel play in such luck. ; Chinese merchandise, 8 pkgs codfish, 8 tons | Warrimoo, from Vancouver. GENOA—Sailed Oct 13—Ger stmr Ses for San ncisco. NAGASAKI—Sailed Oct 16—Br ship Terrls dale, for Port Townsend. coal, 13 cs canned goods, 66 cs dry goods, 343 tris, bs ‘dried fruit, 5 cs druge, 25 crs furniture, S1 bxs fruit, 226 pkgs grocerles and provisions, 68 cs hardware, 6 pkgs harness, § rolls ieathes When we expected rainy weather it was 2 morning in June; when the north- ould have been howling it was fair weather and a clear sky; when we | 20 2 P s o&to s | 3020 Tbs lard, 30 bdls matting, 11, s mal VICTORIA—Arrived Oct 18—Schr Carlotta G should have been in the Teglon Ofii0f |i4 pkgs machinery, 18 cs mineral water, 1if | Cox. with Gl seal ekins: Allis 1 Alger, 35 i N A e e ihe DProgl. | rolls newspaper, 48’ cs ofl, 18 crs onions, ‘9 cs | skins; Teresa. 440 skins: Diana. 328 skins: Mary gvery hour In the day. 1 guess the Bresi- | photo goods. 845 crs potatoes. 41 cs paste. of | Tavior, 30 skins; Geneva, il skins. dent's good wishes have followel e ¢8 paint, § kegs powder, 100 flasks quicksilver, OCEAN STEAMERS. cs raisins, 27,100 Ibs rice, 4762 Ibs soda, 13| ROTTERDAM—Sailed Oct 15—Stmr Spaarn- tally the surveys of the Path-|cs soap, 17 bdis spices, 45,19 s tailow, 6[dam, for New York finder and Patterson will change all the | bbls tar, 13 es whisky, 10 reels wire, 5756 gals ENSTOWN—Sailed Oct 18—Stmr Penn- maps of the bbls ‘11 topographi nomical sury Q land, from Liverpool, for Philadeiphia: stmr Oeanic, trom Liverpdol, for New Yor! NEW Y coast line of Alaska. The . hydrographical and trigo- of the coast from St. and ammunition, 9 bottled beer, 660 Ibs cs assay goods, RK—Arrived Oct 15—Stmr Aller, Port Clarence, when the maps produced by the experts on both boats are published the whole coast line cf Alaska will be changed. phia; stmr Domtnion, for Montreal; stmr.Paris- ian, ‘from Montreal. ANTWERP—Salled Oct —Stmr Switzer- land, for Philadelphia. transit. A York—256 bbls asphaltum, 16 bales 2500 cs salmon, 20 bales rags, 10 bales rubber, 61,500 Tbs bone black, 5024 ctls barley, The officers of the P: T B ione b o8 bar'ey. | _CHERBOURG—Sailed Oct 17—Stmr Xaiser tain J. J. Gilbert, cattio halr, 22 bbis apricot kernels, 15 cs hoase | Wilhelm der Grosse, for New York. C. and coast and geodetic A, H. | hold goods, 17L4s8 gais wine Dutton, cnief officer; C. W, zgerald, - Steamer Movements. onG_officer; W. M. Atkinscn, third of- e | ficer; John T. Goldsborough, chief engi- Shipping Intelligence. TO ARRIVE. | neer: Dr. J. J. Murphy, surgeon; E. R. ARRIVED. = Frisbie. 4id! ahd C. F. Deichmann, pay: Thursday, October 15. Rigimé 'f these gentlemen Captain Gil- | §tmr City of Peking, Smith, 30 days from Norte . | ) I never served with a more | Hongkcng, via Yokohama 15 days, via Honn | niar o e 19 s or more able get of men in my | lulu 6 days 12 hours. 13 X Stmr Pomona, Shea, 19 hours from Eureka. 19 At the outset the crew of the Pathfinder Stmr Corona, Gielow, 59 hours from San 19 ran up against a snag. Captain Gilbert | Diego and way ports. did not know that smaqux was ‘‘epi- mf}"’"‘ President, Anderson, 7 days from Lor- demic” at Nome and that Egg Island had | '"§; . been established a8 a quarantine station. | g oigy Homer. Donaldson, 41 hours from Re- | He went ashore on the island and put up | “Siie Alcazar, Gunderson, 47 hours from San { a signal pole. Lieutenant _Cantrell | Diego. | swooped down on the party and ordered the Pathfinder into quarantine, Captain Gilbert simply hove up anchor and went work with his triangulations further Strur Gipsy, Leland, 20 hours from Monterey, c. et stmr Sherman, Gr: E ant, 35 days from Ma- nila, via Ni v gasaki 18 day Matteawan RRNPURRREEENRESE U e iangulations were made b sEmyETEas M8 S ap e gor::“f:: i | . ‘ Bk s , Scott, 63 days Vew- | City of Puel Assistant 11, i Flynn, who was in charge i o e (R ave from HMape | Sltvber (11 i of the steamer Yukon (75 tons). The rest| Br ship Springburn, Crosthwaite, 16 -e | Point Arena of the work was déne on the launch Delta | from London. RS W e | B San Diego and the ship’s two_ launches and a char- Bark St James, Tapley, 159 days from New tered boat. Flynn did some splendid work | York. TO BAIL. crossing lh{\{‘lnndlra ar{xdcr?numflina be- | . Br bark Iverurle, Charleston, 115 days from tween St. Michael an olovin Bay on 3 {nati fnnthnnd making l'l‘_’.l;l‘ mostkar"’curateh kinds | Sohr Tde McKay, Lehtola, 6% days from Eu- | Steamer. | Destination. | Sails. } Pler. of observations. e work done by all b . Marsters, v - | Cax . 19, & pm!Py hands on the Pathfinder will not be over- | nop,’ Ccicnder Marsters, 17 days from Ka- | Rakme - |oos Bay. Oct. 19, 13mibier 18 iooked at Washington. Schr Aloha, Fry, 18 days from Honolulu. W. Kruger.|Grays Harbor|Oct. 19, 7 pm Pler 2 During the rur home the Pathfinder's EARED. North Fork|Humboldt.....|Oct. 19, §am Pler 2 crew took three deep-sea soundings. The Thursday, October 15, | Pomona ... (Humboldt. 120, 2pm|Pler 11 am|Pler 24 best one was in_latitude 40 deg. 3 min. 11 am|Pier 11 Ve Valla, Hall, Vic north, longitude 128 deg. 32 min. west, OF | Towmsends Goodall, Perking & Co ot Townsend; Gootall, Perking & Gor ~ “no Fort hearly off San Francisco. The plummet ‘of Para, Zeeder, Parama; Pacific 1 SciRse It went down 233 fathoms, a little less than | Mail § § Co. e+ three miles. Stmr Kvichak, Nelson, Karluk; Alaska Pack- 1 am|Pler 15 - —— ers’ Association. 11 am{Prerat THE -LAWTON HEARD FROM. |,Ship Dirlso, Goodwin, Liverpool: G W Mo- 11 am Pler 24 - ar. 9 am|Pler 11 Ship Falls_of c yde, Matson, Hilo; J D Spreckels & Bros Co. Probably on Her Way Home From Nome. When the Pathfinder was at Dutch Har- bor on October 4 the Lawton was coaling, She was to leave the next day for Nome, where she was to take aboard about 1000 SAILED, Thursday, October 1S. Stmr Eureka, Jessen, Eureka. Stmr Walla_Walla, Hell, Victoria. Stmr Coos Bay, Nopander, San Pedro. Stmr Geo Loomis, Bridgett, Ventura. Sun, Moon and Tide. United States Coast and Geodetic Survey— nT"nel and Helghts of High and Low Waters at Fort Polnt, entrance to San Francisco Bay. Published by officlal au- thority of the Superintendent. | destitute miners who want to get to ctvil- | Stmr Cazarina, Seaman, Seattle. e high and low waters occur at the ization. It would take her a week to get| Stmr City of Zecder, Panama, ete. city front (Mission-street wharf) about twenty- | to the gold fields and load, o she should | Stmr Conemaugh, Roberts, Manila, via Hono- | five minutes later than at Fort Point: the lulu. Stmr Alliance, Hardwick, Portland, sete. Stmr Coquille River, Thompson, ' Crescent Ity Stmr Westoort, Ericsson, reach Seattle about the 22d inst. The Manning left Dutch Harbor on Oc- tober 3 with Colonel Evans aboard. She is to visit all the customs stations on the helght of tide is the same at both places. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 1. Alaskan coast. Colonel Evans will get| Bark Undaunted, Davidson, Puget Sound. Sun rises . home in time for the election. Schr Rio Rey, Erickson, Bowens Landing. Sun sets . i B, s oo Schr Glen, Wilson, Byxbees Landing. Moon rises | | Peking Arrives From Orient. A i e Landtng Time | The Mall Company’s steamer City of | Schr Lottie Carson, Anderson, Grays Harbor. | " | date is 3 knowledge of the peculiar make- | such knowledge, tco, the rise of Prussia, —_— EUROPE TWO CENTURIES AGO. Copyright, 1900, by Seymour Eaton. 3 H WAR GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE. ¢ e TR SN L | to the King of Spain, and Naples n par- 1 cles | ticular was ruthlessly oppressed by it is the design of this series of articles | [EEZF, o support the Spanish army. A to show how wars have changed the polit- ical geography of Europe in the last 2% years and to indicate the bearing of these onsiderable’ block of Contral ltaly com- stituted the States of the Church, which the Pn?)» ruled directly or through vas- = 8. The famous republics of Genoa and changes on poltical and commerecial proz- niee. Were sinking in the decline ress. that followed the discovery of the ocean For a century after the beginning of route to the E Indies and displaced Protestant reformation religicus interesis them as the commercial centers of Orjen- provoked wars and their results appe tra¢ North west of the States in the extension of Protestantism or in { recovery of Catholicism. These conte reached thelr climax in the gr2at struggle in Germany, which lasted a generation, the thirty years’ war, 1613-48. During its progress, however, commercial motives displaced the religlous and it end saw the disappearance of religion as a domi- nant factor in International polifi The general settlement which 2stadl :d the results of this tremendous conflict con- structed in (he main the geographical framework of Europe as it was to las until the Napoleonie crash, and, after re- pairs, even two generations later. Turmng our eyes to the Europe of 170 the conspicucus differences b een it and the Europe of our own time are the ab- | sence of Russia as a factor in politics, the subdivision of Germany and Italy 'into petty states, so that they cannot count as forces, and the pre-eminence of France. | rqpe, had his eyes on the Spanish Neth- On the other hand, it is the displacement ' erlands, the border states of the empire of France from this unquestioned supe- | and the Spanish commerce with America, < . Modena, Mantua, Parma, and in the northwest the germ of the present king dom of Italy, the duchy of Savoy, in po tics a pendant of France. Of this period of disintegration and small sovereign states the republic of San Marino and the princivality of Monaco are to-day interesting relics. Besides the Italian possessions just menticned, Spain held the Southern Neth resent Belgium, a region cov- what {s of especial nternational politics nth ce Spanish herself was in a decline ploit but not to de- s. which more and dity of her rivals, as ng without a direct and more certain. aspects of France re- they were nearly hey to-day. Louls XIV. rarch par exceilence of Eu- significance for of the early eight America. Spa and able only t o he cup the death of her ki heir grew more The territorial o | and ait European monarchs naa their eyes on him, for any increase in his power or | resources might made him more powerful than any practical combination agafst him. In the middle of his reign France reached a pesition from which she domi- = ted European culture and threatened to do | minate European politics. In the self- | defensive effort of other states to check the expansion of F' e and to curb the | ambition of Louis XIV, William, Prince of Orange, the ruler of the Netherlands, | took the lead. His accession ta, the Eng- - lish throne in 1688 had immensely Strene ed position strategieally, & i r he exchanged an exposed for a_ pro- | )xfi}’sfglf)s“:;?%‘?gg‘g?i’}." Q'D cted position, and he was insured the N EUROPE A support of Ensiish resources in the strug OF SIXTEENTH CENTURY gle as long as Louis favored the exiled Stuarts. s ruler of both the United - Netherlands and England he headed the oppositior e two great maritime pow- ers to the aims of Louis X1V, to secure to France through the accession of his grandson to the throne of Spain a share in the control of the Mediterranean and Spanish-American trade. A word, in closing. of the significance of the balance of power. Early in the six teenth century, by a succession of fortu- nate marriages and the imperial election of 1519, Charles V found himself Emperor of the Holy Roman empire, the ruler of the Hapsburg hereditary domains, of the Netherlands, of a large part of Italy, and King of S?aln and of the Indies. This truly formidable combination threatened the independence of the rest of Europe, but the Protestant revolution was tho force of disruption, which, in junction with the self-defensive alllances of the smaller states, prevented either Charles or his son Philip IT from perfecting their vast designs fgr universal monarchy. Similarly, in Louis XIV's time the pro- jected union of Spain and France brought Into existence a suceession of alllances to defeat the ambition of the great king. Again, the designs of Napoleon were met by the allied powers, and in our own day the triple alllance of Germany, Austria and Italy has been confronted with the understanding of France and Russfa. In short, the preservation of the balance of power was the maintenance of such an equilibrium that no one power or com- bination of powers should be suffered to grow to such a size as to bear dowm on the teeterboard of European politics any available combination of the remaining states. The effort to maintain this equ- librfum ultimately worked out to the ad- vantage of the sirong. As long as there were groups of small states like the em- Flre of Italy or disorganized and helpless arge states like Poland they were men- aced by absorption or dismemberment by their stromger neighbors in their cease- less rivalry. The interests of states and rulers were merged and a disputed suc- cession involved not merely a_contest be- tween rival factions, like the Wars of the Roses in England, but great international | wars whose consequences profoundly in- fluenced European history and were felt around the globe. EDWARD G. BOURNE. Yale Untversit riority, the unification of Germany and of Italy and the rise of Russia as a Euro- pean and world power that are the great- | est changes wrought in Europe since 1700. One of the requisites for under- standing the European situation at this up of the old Germanic empire. Without the work of Napoleon and the formation of the German empire of to-day cannot be clearly grasped. In the eighteenth cen- tury the Germanic or Holy Roman em- piré was a loosely connected sfederation of some 360 sovereign or nearly sovereign states, consisting of principalities and re- publics and comprising in all somewhat less than four times the area of Illinois and somewhat over 20,000,000 of people. Of the local and petty character of the ma- jority of these states in the empire one gets an idea from tha fact that the sixty 0dd imperial cities (eity republics) pos- sessed little territory outside their walls, and that there were eighty of the sover- eign states with less than 200 square miles of area; or, to state the same fact differently, more than a quarter of the empire was occupled py states no ome of which was as large as Delaware. An In- teresting survival of these little states is the present principality of Lichtenstein. These little states could form alliances with_each other or with foreign nations provided they were not against the em- pire or the public peace, a provision con- tinually defied. With the exception of the free or imperial cities, which were repub- lics, these minor states were absolute monarchies, whose princes maintained a | court life modeled on that at Versailles. In the ecclesiastical states, those whose rulers were bishops, the religious element | was conspicuous. only in that in the pa- rade of state monks took the place of sol Glers. Next to be mentioned are the Sev. eral hundred knlsh!s of the empire, ruling, except as regards war and treaties, do- mains on the average of about 400 inhab- | itants. The nominal sovereign of the empire was the emperor. This office of emperor, as a matter of form, was bestowed by | election by the great princes of the em ire, who constituted the electoral col [oze. As’a ‘matter of fact, it was usuail hereditary in the house of Austria. Sev eral of the great princes of the empir: e | bore a curious double relation to it, in- | volving at times a serious conflict of in- | terests, ®Wor example, the archduke of | 0o DIRECTORY t00 often supposed, of Austria, but of the) OF RESPONSIBLE HOUSES. v R Empire of the Gi - gt AT 0 R RLSE U TR e | Catalogues and Peiee Lists Nailed Bohemia he was one of the imperlal elect- | ATTORNEY. ors. Inside the empire he was also after | 1715 ruler of the Austrian Netherlands | F. H. MERZBACH, lawyer, §3 Cal., Clunie bd. (approximately ‘modern RBelgium), and outside the empire king of Hungary, duke £ Milan, etc. Again, the margrave of | Prandenburg was an electoral prince in | COAL, COKE AND PIG IRON. the em))lre. while outside of it he was J c ‘“.S‘N & co 900 Battery Street. king of Prussia, duke of Silesia (after 9°V v Telephone Main 1584. 1742), etc® The duke of Brunswick-Lune- burg was made an imperial electer in 1602, being commonly called the elector of Hanover. In 1714 the elector of Hanover became the king of England. Turning now to the {two German states whose rivalry has plaved 8o large a part in the military history of these centuries —Austria and Prussia—we find that the margrave of Brandenburg has just risen | to the dignity of a king (1701), taking his title from the territory of Prussia. whose sovereignty hal been wrested from Po- | land by his father. The policy of the | new king was to continue the efforts of | the great elector—to unify and consolidate COPPERSMITH. C. W. SMITH, Ship Brumbing. Steamboat and = b Ship Work lalty. 1§ and 18 Washington st. Telephone Main 564l ELECTRICAL. D. D. WASS, Electrical Engineer. 3§ Fast st. FRESH AND SALT MEATS. JAS. BOYES & C0. Shipoing Butchers 14 Clay. Tel Main 1394 GALVANIZING AND METALS, M'tg. & Dealer in Metals & Galvanizing. JOHN his detached possessions by absorbing the | 1 territories Iving between them and by P e Ty T substituting for varfous local bodies a | METAL. centralized and energetic administration. The accomplishment of this task was con- stantly promoted hardly less by the wise policy of internal improvements and gen- erous hospitality to_religious refugees Extra lnotype and stereotype metal. Pacific Metal Works, 137-9 First st., San Francisco. OILS. | 2 ILS. LEONARD & 3, | Peking artived from the Orient yesterday [ Schr Mary C, Campbell, Fort Ross than by the army. With a populatien | “UBRICATING O ELLI! {'morning and was quarantined. The cabin| Schr Newark, Beck, Bowens Landing. 1ol mainly homogeneous and Protestant, the | 413 Front st., S. F. Phone Main 1713 | passengers were teledsed apd later the BEQEMH. 13 problem of Prussia was easier than ‘that | PAINTS., - | vessel was ailowed to dock. /Those in the| Oct 9 lat 213 N, lon 157 07 W—Bktn Quick- 08 of her rival, for the Austrian possessions 5 RAMIEI s ot | cabin were: step, trom Hilo. for Port Townsend. 0.4 were a loose aggregation of states, inhab- | Siinder & Lapricating O, o rront & & | Lieutenant Commander Charles E. Fox, U MBKCHANDDM. 0.2 lted by several races speaking nearly n | . Ctrdles. C. G. CLINCH & CO., nt. § F. |8 N.; W. J. Evans, Mra. N. E. Irwin, Cap | pEer fchr Aloha—Oct 17, 160 miles west of San dozen distinct - languages. Notwithstand- PRINTING. | tain Henry Leonard, U. 8. M. C.; Bergeant | Francisco, passed two four-masted ships. 8.5 ing the already heterogeneous character | — | Jereph M. Adams. U. 8. M. C.; E_Carolan. TELEGRAPHIC. 58 of their domains, the house of Hapsburg | E. C. HUGHES, B eNally, rs. E. ieridan, 9 eridan, ick; wind south, ve miles, N e did so at the expense o n in Ttal | W. W. Goodale, Miss M. Post, A. W. Ahlborn, DOMESTIC PORTS, the early morning tides are given in the Netherlands and at the “mn{;';‘} 1 PRINTERS. BOOK BINDERS. jiler B D, . Murphy, Mrs!| LORING—Sailed Oct 11—Ship Sintram, for |hand column and the successive tides the Turk I the soutbesst. THE HICKS-JUDD, CO. e L etk Srer i W, Cratt | SRR 14 Ot 1180 oY he thira fime coumn the third. Crossing the Alps in our survey, we find T | w. s Plummer. Miss M. Sunter, o R s hr Glendale, | {1 jast or right hand column gives the last | tHAt 20 vears ago Ttaly, like Germany, STATIONER AND PRINTER. Comb, W. H. Gregory, W. J. Wilson, SEATTLE—Sailed Oct 17—Stmr Humboldt | tide of the day, except when there are but was nlnargly 5’ 51“? ical expression. T phic A ll 208 Cal ‘s J. Wilson, W. Palache, C. D. Chase, and stmr City of Topeka, for Skaguay: Br stme | three tides, as sometimes occurs. The helghts | Equally disrupted, out even a formal | Telegraph PARTRIDGE Cultoen ‘Wilson, Paul Relser, iss J. Hackfeld, Mi; Carlisle City, for Manila; stmr Rainier, for | given are in addition to the sounding on the | ¢ like the empire, it was even more ex- | M. Hackfeld, J. F. Hackfeld, Mrs. J. F. Hack- | New Whatcom. | Enitea States Coast Survey charts, except sed to_the aj indizement of s‘nin | B s[fl. MINED BY feld and nuree, Mre Moses Migs Rohndahl, | PORT TOWNSEND—Passed in Oct 15—Schr | when a minus sign (—) precedes the height, and | France or Austria. The southern half of | WHITE ASH COAL, TAR Sasx Dr. Hofmann, Mrs C. W. Van Petter, §. N. | Bainbridge, hence Oct 5 for Tacoma. then the number given is subtracted from the | the peninsula, commonly called the king- | pAMOND COAL MINING CO.. at its GREE € Bexter, Chris Nilson, J. Cadematora, J. | Arrived Oct 18—Schr Comet, from San Pedro; | depth given by, the charts. The plane of refer- | dom of Nsslel the islands of Sicily and | RIVER COLLIERIES, is the Best Coal in the Okawa, H. J. Platts, C. Bundock, M. P. Joha- | schr Salvator, from San Pedro. ence is the of the lower low waters, | Sardinia and the duchy of Milan belongea a5d Yards—40 Main street.