The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, July 14, 1900, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALIL, SATURDAY, JULY 14, 1900. S Che -l SATURDAY.. JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Lddress All Communications to W. S. LEAKE, Mani PUBLICATION OFFICE..Market and Third, 8. F. Telephon s 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS....217 to 221 Stevensom St. Telephone Press Deltvered by Carriers. 15 Cents Per Week. Single Coples. 5 Cents. Postage: LL an & Sunday). CALL (ncluding Sunday) CALLBy DAY CALL One KLY CALL One Yea All postmasters are aunthorized to receive subscriptions. Sample copes will be forwarded when requested. OAKLAND OFFICE.. 1118 Broadway C GEORGE C GEOR KROGNESS, Manager Foreign Advertising, Marguette Building, Chicago. (Long Distance Telephone “Central 2613.”) BRANCH OFFICES —527 Montgomery, corner of Clay. open entil §:30 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open until 9:30 o'clock. 63 McAllister, open untfl $:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin, open until 9:30 o'clock. 181 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, corner Sixteenth, cpen until ® o'clock. 109 Valencis. open | untll § o'clock. 108 Eleventh, open untfl 9 o'clock. NW cor- wer Twenty-second ard Kentucky, open until § o'clock. streets—Specialties. ville every aftern At the Chutes. INJUNCTION GOVERNMENT. me satisfaction of the Ex- g of an injunction to re- righ rates by the South- re San Joaquin Valley. a most radical inconsis- supported by the Exam- see in this unction and deprive rit. The courts way takes t people, for perform- ot e s capacity as a quasi 1 by injunction forbids p o process an undue : the service periormed. The s protective of property, o yration or destruc- As the writ re- s are equal g others, it also lespoilir rporation against at- nnot say that its party intends ling for use against cor- shelter to them when attacked njunction disappears for a ction they will have van destroy action. We ask, als the valley of the Sacra arm in and Bear rivers to consider will have against destructive hy- they ing when the injunction is destroyed. nd farmed these many ye under rjunction. Do they desire to quit ent by Bryan with no injunc- A CENSUS OF RELIGIONS. WING to the large number of inquiries made () v tics of the religions of the people taken in the enumeration of this the Census has found-it nece circular of information to the effe h statistics will be taken at present, and stiul whether they will be collected at the present act. By way of explanation the circular states that the census act divides the inquiries to be made into two The first of these includes those subjects on which information can be obtained through the agency of the census enumerators, while the second includes subjects which can be dealt with without the aid of enumerators, by correspondence, or by the use of special agents. The seventh section of the act restricts the first group to “inquiries relating to the population, to mortality, to the products of agricul- ture, and of manufacturing and mechanical estab- lishments.” The reports on these subjects are to be “published not later than July 1, 1902” The eighth section provides that “after the completion and re- turn of the enumeration and of the work upon the schedules relating to the products of agriculture, and to manufacturing and mechanical establishments pro- vided for in section 7 of this act,” that is, after -July 1 1902, “the Director of the Census is hereby au- thorized to collect statistics relating to” several sub- jects specified, of which one reads: “To religious bodies.” It will be seen that under the terms of the act noth- ing can be done this year except in a preparatory way for taking a census of religious organizations. Moreover, the Government cannot undertake to col- Ject such statistics by enumerators, for it does not concern itself with the religious opinions of its citi- zens, and has no right to inquire into their religious aith or ecclesiastical relations. The church statistics of 1890 were obtained by a special inquiry made by means of schedules placed in the hands of competent persons in each of the minor ecclesiastical subdivisions of the various churches. The director of the present census is authorized to make a similar inquiry after the regular census work is over, but he is not required to do so. In his cir- cular he says: “The value of a religious census of the population of the United States is somewhat problemgatical. The publication of the volume in which the statistics of churches are contained has exerted, so far as can be judged, no appreciable in- fluence upon the religious thought or life of the na- tion.” . It appears, however, the Director has not yet de- cided whether or no he will undertake the collection of such statistics when the proper time comes to do so, for he concludes by saying: “This is a subject which will bear serious consideration and discussion on the part of those more particularly interested in this inquiry, and any suggestions relating to it, ad- dressed to the Director of the Census, will be wel- comed.” all under groups. e San Joaquin Valley | THE PROBATE FRAUDS. T is not with any feeling of exultation that The l Call directs attention to the unfolding of proof after proof of its charge against the robbers of the estates of the dead. We would rather have been able to point to the safety of such estates in the keeping of our courts and | their officers, the members of the bar, and to have exalted the fame of our city. But we realize that the | only way to secure such a praiseworthy condition and | maintain the fame of this city for care in handling that property which must pass the courts from the dead to | the quick is by pursuing the rascals who have made a | vocation of stealing estates between the dead hand | }and the living. The offense which we have found to be rife here is | one of the most serious forms of attack upon prop- erty. All the property of a State goes through the Probate Court once every generation. The owners and winners thereof live their day and pass, a part of | that ever marching procession which does its work | and goes hence. The property of the people that is dropped every hour by the dead is in the custody oi | the courts. They guard its passage to those to whom | it belongs. They keep its title good and serve thereby the interests of all future owners. They handle per- sonalty and realty alike. If frauds can steal personalty they can steal realty, and easily can corrupt the titles to estate until transactions in realty will become pre- carious, bocause the courts were subject to criminal imposition in the probating processes. It will be easily seen that if such frauds go unex- posed and unchecked the value of real property de- | clines, since certainty of title is the prime element in | value. Therefore, looking far afield from the interests of individuals, those of the State are involved in the | most serious way. | These considerations impressed themselves on The Call, and it saw its duty in line with the good name | of the city and State, the fair treatment of the courts and the punishment of those who impose upon the bench that they may steal the property of the dead. Our readers who have followed the case have no- ticed that it has disclosed a matter of great interest relating to journalism. The parties whom we accuse went into court crying out against sensational and vellow journalism, and striving to identify what The | Call has done with that offensive and malicious policy of the yellow press, which, in search of cents and sen- | sation, attacks indiscriminately everybody intrusted | with public responsibilities, or who happens to step | into the focus of public attention. That sort of jour- | | nalism, as we have often insisted, is the most potent | partner of crime. It dulls the public sense, and finally l makes it safe for any ascal to class himself with the | decent victims of sensational and yellow journalism, get public sympathy and escape punishment. We may | confidently appeal to our readers and the public to be entirely differentiated from that class and kind of We have recently the place and function of a new journalism aid something about paper as a member of a part of the community and one of its legiti- mate forces. We apply the principles then laid down | to the probate frauds. A newspaper is among the | social forces, and so is an attorney at law. Suppese an attorney, an ofticer of the court, had been cogni- zant of the forgeries, perjuries and frauds which we have exposed, and had kept that knowledge from the court and the public, would he not have failed of his duty as a member of the bar, and still more grievously | as a member of society? Having to a great extent the same social and pub- | lic responsibility as a lawyer, we detected these frauds | and exposed them, not for a news sensation, nor to | attack any one, but to do our duty. Here, then, appears the line of difference and part- | ing of the ways between yellow journalism and decent | journalism. sceiety The yellow variety has in view harming rather than helping society. | selfish. It has no interest in social amelioration, and would rather promote than prevent crime and abuses, ‘hr it has to invent them if they do not exist, in or- | der to gratify the rank and morbid taste which sup- ports it. So finally its sensations make the public in- | different, and it becomes the refuge and protector of scoundrelism. We think we have made the difference plain. The Call's established ways made it all in vain that the parties to these probate frauds cried out that onr harges were yellow and willful and made for the sake | of sensation. The bench and bar knew better, and | the whole city knows better, and all citizens who ap- preciate the need of absolute honesty in probating estates know better. i When we get through with these culprits the es- tates of the dead will be safer. The admonition will | go out to all who touch them. The senseless delays | and subsidiary actions and waste of estates in litiga- | tion that ought not to be will occur less frequently, and the surviving families of the dead will not be as likely to have spoliation added to bereavement and beggary to sorrow. as now. Tts purposes are purely At least one invitation to participate in the ap- proaching festivities of the Native Sons will not be accepted. When the committee of celebration asked General Geary to take part in the demonstration the gentlemen forgot, perhaps, that General Geary has been dead for twenty-seven years. The failure of conspirators to blow up the Kingston penitentiary a few days ago is probably a matter of the deepest congratulation to those convicts who were | not sentenced to capital punishment. —_— N Famine sufferers, it is said, are increasing in India | i at the rate of 25,000 a day. This is perhaps one of the commentaries on English civilization which Eng- lichmen do not care to discuss —— | Nome diggings are very rich for those who strike them in the right place, but a majority of the adven- turers who go there would have done better to stay at home and dig potatoes. —_— Marvels, it seems, will never cease. A new railroad is to be constructed in Mexico and there is absolutely nothing to indicate that Huntington has anything to do with it. Since the Republicans of Berkeley have indorsed Mr. Waste for State Senator, it is fair to assume that he will not live up to his name should he get the office. Diplomacy is certaifi that we are not at war with China, but concerning every other phase of the situ- ation it admits a degree of. uncertainty that is painful. Tillman's insistence that the constitution follows the flag is evidently designed for export only and not for domestic use in South Carolina. e 1f you have not registered yet it is up to you to strike a bee line for the Registrar’s office and get there before the rush. From the way the forest fires are raging just now, it is literally correct to refer to forest preservation as a burning issue. | grass.” popular voice gave answer, in no uncertain tones, | | there is no mercy but only a whetted kn | Hotel des Invalides. THE FOURTEENTH CF JULY. "[*HIS is Bastille Day. On this day, one hundred and eleven years ago, the people of Paris de- stroyed that cruel stronghold of monarchical tyranny, the Bastille Prison; on this day, after months, nay, years of agonizing throes, the French Revolution was born. To that Revolution the states of Western Europe owe what measure of freedom they enjoy to-day. The taking of the Bastille is one of the most dra- matic events in the history of that most dramatic oi nations; the French. It contains elements enough for a dozen poignanttragedies,—love, hope, rage, despair, loyalty, treachery, cowardice, courage, brutality, heroism, ambition, revenge. Perhaps no single day in the history of the world has witnessed on so large a scale so terrific a display of human passions in their utmost intensity. For the awful bloodshed and slaughter of that day the people of Saint-Antoine were far less responsible than were the rulefs of France who had made these people what they were,—not a little lower than the angels but a little lower than the brutes that perish. The remembrance of centuries of “perfidious wrongs, immedicable woes” could be wiped out only in blood. Not those who shed this blood but those who wrought these wrongs and woes were the real crimi- nals. As one looks back upon those troublous days. it is perfectly evident that only by some such deed of vio- lence as the storming of the Bastille could the French people have kept the little ground they had gained in their advance against the fortress of Privileged Feu- dalism. On the 23d of June, 1789, Louis'XVI, in- fluenced by the Queen, the Comte d’Artois and the Duchesse de Polignac, had attempted a coup d'etat not less infamous than that which cost Charles I his life. He prohibited the joint meeting oi the States General, charged them to avoid discussions about the very questions for which they had been summoned,— property and class privileges,—and insisted that they | should deliberate only concerning certain minor re- forms which he professed himself willing to granr. A portion of the States General,—the Clergy and the Nobles,—intimidated by the King's threats, withdrew from the joint session; the Third Estate, heartened by the fiery eloquence of Mirabeau, defied the King and declared they could be forced from their posts only by the bayonet. On the 11th of July the Court Party at Versailles, deaf to the mutterings of the | storm gathering in Paris, followed up their threats with deeds. around Paris: Forty thousand troops were stationed Necker, the reform minister, was dis- | missed and there were introduced into the ministry four ardent imperialists, Breteuil, Broglie, Laporte and Foulon, who had said that the people might “eat ’ When the news of this reached Paris, the through the lips of Camille Desmoulins. “Friends,” he cried, “shall we die like hunted hares, like sheep | where P+ The hour is come; the supreme hour of Frenchman and Man; when oppressors are to try conclusions with oppressed and the word is, Swift Death or Deliver- ance forever!” This was on Sunday, the 12th of July. On Monday all shops were shut sate wineshops and bakeries; all trades ceased save the making of pikes. Arms were sought everywhere but in vain; not until Tuesday the 14th were there discovered twenty-eight hounded into their pinfold, bleating for merc | thousand stand of muskets, hidden in the cellars of the Then came that assault on the Bastille whi¢h makes this day ever*memorable in the history of France and of the world. The happenings of this famous day have been | painted in detail by two of our greatest masters of de- scriptive writing, Dickens and Carlyle: to attempt to retouch after them would be indeed presumption. Suffice it here to state in Carlyle’s words the lesson which that day teaches:— “Great meanwhile is the moment, when tidings of Freedom reach us; when the long-enthralled soul, from amid its chains and squalid stagnancy, arises, | were it still only in blindness and bewilderment and swears by Him that made it that it will be FREE! Free? Understand that well; it is the deep com- to be FREE. Freedom is the one purport, wisely aimed at or unwisely, of all man’s struggles, toilings A SPECIMEN DELEGATION. /\/\ASSACHUSETTS is clamoring to the coun- majority of the men who went from her bor- ders to Kansas City to renominate Bryan. She ad- but denies that they are representative citizens. She will not even concede that they are representative freaks, irresponsible themselves, and for which she is not responsible. for the purpose of making the matter clear to the readers of the metropelis says: “This Massachusetts on Saturday. The baggage-car was stocked with beer, whisky and other alcoholics. With exceptions, which proceeded to get drunk. * * * A disposition to fight soon developed among the party, for which an mont delegates, who had a car attached to the same train, were helping themselves too generously to the fiantly hurled back, and in words on both sides that could not be mistaken for even brutal humor.” Grand Trunk through Canada. As soon as they crossed the line some of the delegates began waving were able to get out of bed marched about the station cheering for the Boers. It was when they \arrived at was reached and their brilliance was made most mani- fest. Thus we are told that as soon as they wers “one of the party, who occupied one-ninth of a room opening out on a balcony over the main entrance, of an introduction began to address the crowd as- sembled below. He said he had come to bring the McKinley's majority in Boston four years ago, but told his audience he could guarantee a 10,000 majority on to added flights of eloquence in praising free sil- ver and berating imperialism, when suddenly, to the ing them that he was speaking just to introduce a new ctire for corns.” sible representative of her culture goes forth to speak for Bryan and winds up by advertising a cure for gentleman said something about beans or codfish the word might have been pardoned, or even applauded, mandment, dimmer or clearer, of our whole being, and sufferings, in this Earth!” try to listen 10 her indignant repudiation of a mits that the men are citizens of her commonweaith, Democrats, and insists that they be regarded as A correspondent writing to the New York Post delegation leit Boston, as is generally known, at noon are numerically trifling, the whole party promptly opportunity was afforded by the charge that the Ver- Massachusetts refreshments. This charge was de- The route taken by the festive Bryanites was by the green flags, and when they reached Toronto those who Kansas City, however, that the height of the glory shown to the rooms assigned to them at the hotel went out there and without waiting for the formality greeting of Boston 10 Kansas City. He referred to for Bryan this time. They cheered lustily. He went surprise of his hearers, he shifted his ground by tell- Is it any wonder Boston protests? When an osten- corns it is time for indignation at the Hub. Had the but “corns”—never. 4 L R R e S o S R A S o e e ] 7 : ! # : : ! i I A e e S s da 0 UNCLE SAM—SAY, BOYS, WHY DON'T YOU RIDE AN UP-TO-DATE WHEEL? +*o -+ e A R R R e ST I BCER SR B S S A 2 LB Sk B L e L —New York Herald. e | | PERSONAL MENTION. J. M. Larue of Stockton is registered at the Grand. Clarence Russell, a capitalist of Albany, N. Y., is at the Palace. D. L. P. Mullinix of Washington, D. C., is a guest at the Lick. William McDermott, a mining man of | Redding, is at the Grand. Richard Johnson and family of Los An- geles are at the Occldental. Charles T. Tullock, a contractor of Oak- dale, is registered at the Lick. G. L. McCandless, a well-known drug- gist of Sacramento, is at the Grand. | George F. Bick and wife, well known | people of Stockton, are registered at the Lick. M. C. Mayer, a prominent merchant of Chicago, accompanied by his wife and daughter, is a guest at the Palace. Professor Charles P. von Oer; the vio-| linist, who has been spending some time | in Northern California, has returned to this city and is at the Windsor.- —_————— WHEN WEBSTER DAVIS Then up rose Webster Davis, And nodded to the roars, Afd gave his helpless hearers His lecture on the Boers. FASHION BINT FROM PARIS. % [ R e R R e = e ] B S R S S R I e e Y SPOKE. Then he sang to “'Old Hundred' In plaintive melody; “Oh, Willlam Jyan Brennings Is'tse candidate fop me. *No, no; 1 don’t mean Brennings— 1 suffer from the heat— But Wenning Brilllams Jyan— T'll save him from defeat. “For with him as our leader Our march shall never pause. Hail! Jilllam Bryning Wennans And his see frilver cause. “Hurrah for Oom Kraul Puger, Who has our sympathy, And Willing Jyham Brennans, Who'll march to victory.' LIBERTY FOULARD DRESS. As on and on he rambled, The delegates would screech: “It seems that Debster Wavis Has kopjes in his speech.’ —Josh Wink in Baitimore American. yellow guipure of nsertion, ront are sole. widening from the waist behind. CALL COMMENDED in the Probate Court. [ BN R S B NAPA REGISTER. The San Francisco Call is to be credited with a good piece of detective work in bringing to book a self-confessed scoundrel, John M. Chretien. It was a start- ling expose of crookedness that The Call made, and was to the effect that the attorney (Chretien) appointed by Judge Troutt to represent the absent heirs in the Joseph Sullivan estate had foisted a bogus heir upon the court and swindled right and left in carrying out the trust committed to his hands. Judge Troutt lost no time in starting the wheels of investigation—appointed Garret McEnerney and Reuben Lloyd to assist in the sifting, and put the protesting Chretien on the stand. In probing for the truth Mr. McEnerney’'s sharp questioning soon had Chretien on the defensive. The witness was wobbling when court adjourned for the day, Tuesday. That night his home was kept under the eyes of the police. This was fortunate, as the bird had planned to escape. Wednesday, when Chretien again took the stand, he coolly confessed—acknowledged that he had paid “Young Dutchy” Hansted, a notorfous rascal, to procure a bogus heir to the estate of Joseph Sullivan, had coached Dutchy's heir, had imposed him on the court, had rocured an ignorant colored janitor named Colthorp to sign the name “John ullivan” to various papers in the case, and sold the false heir's interest to Jake Rauer, the collector; had received the money therefor from Rauer and divided it with “Young Dutchy,” and had committed flat perjury the day before on the wit- ness stand. “Whatever wrong has been done has been done by me, and I am the only one to suffer,” sald he. Judge Troutt knew nothing of the man's crooked character when he appointed Chretlen, the only applicant for the attorneyship, Chretien now occupies a cell in jail, and will, of course, “go across the bay.” The court has vindicated itself, leading mcmbers of the San Francisco bar have confirmed public confidence in their honesty. and 'The Call has performed splen- ald service for the people. Proceedings of this sort are calculated to put an end t0 the robbing of dead men’s estates; % STOCKTON RECORD,, Is the looting of the estates of decedents such a disgraceful crime In San Francisco that it should cause a sensation in that city? In the play of “East Lynne” an actor, who represented Sir Francis Levison, was accustomed to solil- oquize, while the manacles were on his hands and he was on the way to jail: “]s murder a disgraceful and ungentlemanly crime?” San Francisco has had ses of estate looting that public sentiment has been as badly de- Bauched on the Subject as Levison's conscience was on the subject of critme in eaeral. ~ = ) lLawyer Chretien is a victim as well as a villain. Without the fame to get into a big case like that of Fair and its kind, and probably also without the ability to *hold up his end” In_conducting such a case, he Went about trapping Smaller game In the estates of obscure Strangers. His “raw” work came to notice in the office of The Call and that paper put men on his track. In three days they had him before the court he had deceived and on the fourth he was in ju{ after having confessed his guilt in open court. it may be a mere coincldence, but the occurrence of the name of a in the Chretien fraud, after having been prominent in the Craven-Fair cases looks peculiar. That name has bobbed up in strange places during a dogzen years and not always serenely, but it appears to be able to maintain a position from which to bob after enough has occurred to cause it to court obscurity. The differerce in_abstract morals between Chretien's methods and those of some other lawyers is one of degree rather than of guilt. It is also a difference in skill and shrewdness. The instruments he employed were clumsy and the methods were cmde—grohnbly like his knowledge of law—and he is in jail as much because of his lack of =kill as for his lack of honesty. The beginning is good, however, and it The Call will only take up that line of work it will be likely (o find it as rich in news treasure as Nome beach is in nuggets. WOODLAND DEMOCRAT. X We have been watching with much Interest the development of the conspiracy case among certain unscrupulous lawyers in San Francisco, who no doubt would have consummated the robbery of the unprotected estate of a dead man but for an expose made in The Call. The charges were of such a startling character that for a time we suspected that The Call might have overreached itself, but the da- Velopments of the last two or three days have demonstrated conclusively that our contemporary was consg‘v-uve in its statements and prepared to prove more than it published. The Call has not only scored a remarkable scoop, but it has per- formed a service for the public the value of which cannot be overestimated. " THE NEWSPAPER. notary FUNCTION OF T —— MARYSVILLE DEMOCRAT. The time has come to say something upon the place and function of the news- paper in society. ‘We by no means mlfin"y the press. We do not ascribe to it the otsoletion of the pulpit, nor of the schools, nor claim that it assumes the duties of the individual conscience. But we do feel that the press is on With the pulpit, school and individual conscience in guardianship of the purity an. morals olp society. Without insisting that all newspapers take this view of their duty and place, and we are painfully aware that too many become the promoters of immorality, we must still remind the public that in that respect newspapers are exactly like men and women, many of whom are conspicuous moral forces, teach- ing by example and precept, while some are ;romoters of vice. The latter are dan- gerous in proportion to their social position, just as a newspaper that may be so- cially classed with them is dangerous by reason of its command of publicity.— San ual Itnntflni Francisco Call. "The Democrat concedes that The Call has taken a stand to be it naa excrelsed' potent Infience in San Franclsco diring the Past twp Fears Tt has exposed crooked politicians and dishonest officials, without the standing of men. " renn‘l to party or a Pe P eI ebePebebebede e 90@0@0«20@09090@0 @rosiereieisseseg The dress represented is of white ground foulard, with nasturtium colored flowers. The bolero corsage has braces edged with the yoke and bouillonnee_mousseline de The skirt is made with small pleats, 0 THTATETATADATS A SIS I OIS T AT AR RS @ x X For Its Startling Revelations of the Fraudulent Practices by A TR T AT AT AT A T AT AT AT AT A TS AT AT AT AT @ | | { | | house, Do+ 90200+ oeeteoe® ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. SPANISH IN SCHOOLS—-A. T. Y. 8, City. Spanish has been discontinued at the Business Evening School at Bush and Stockton streets. WHEN DUE-J. B, City. A bill dated June 10, bearing the words “§ per cent off, ten days,” would be due ten days after date, when § per cent would be de- ducted from the amount of the bill. NO OFFICE HERE—O. F. R., Fruitvale, Cal. The records of the Insurance Com- missioner for California fail to show that the Prudential of New Jersey has an office in San Francisco. E. J. MORGAN—F. F. 8. Jr, City. E. J. Morgan, Henry Miller's leading man, was with the Miller Company in this eity dur- ing the last season. His engagement was for two weeks, being a special one to ap- pear in “The Liars.” MOONLIGHT SERENADE—A. 8., Be- nicia, Cal. The serenade that was sung in the “Three Guardsmen” at the Tivoli some time ago Helen Merrell and chorus girls who were dressed as cavallers in red was “The Moonlight Serenade.” FREE EVENING SCHOOLS-S. A. B, Suisun, Cal. There are several public evening schools in San Francisco. They are open from 8:15 until 9:15 o'clock. This department cannot advertl private schools that will receive pu at night. FLOATING THE FLAG-E. R.. East Oakland, Cal. The rule of the Board of Education of San Francisco directs t the principals of schools shall order ti American flag raised on schoolhouses on all legal holidays, and on such other days as may be ordered by the board, the presi- dent of the board or the superintendent. USED BY FORAKER—A. G. R. Cit Ex-Governor Joseph B. Foraker of Ohi in nominating Willam McKinley for Pre; ident of the United States at the conven- tion in St. Louls, June 15, 1306, used the language asked about. It was: “If wa make no mistake here the Democratic party will go out of power on the 4th day of March, 1867, to _remain out of power until God, in his infinite wisdom, shall see fit once more to chastise his people.” THE PRESIDENCY—-A. B. C.,, Elm- hurst, Cal. In case of the death of Presi- dent McKinley before his term of office expires the vacancy, there being no Vice President, would be filled by the Secre- tary of State. In case of that official be- ing disqualified, or unable to act, the of- fice would go in succession as follows: To the Secretary of the Treasury, Secre- tary of War, Secretary of the Navy, Post- master General, Secretary of the Interior and Attorney General. BACKSTANDING WAGES—A. R, Sa- linas, Cal. The law of California does not Imit the amount that a man may sue for should the debt come under the head of “backstanding wages;" but there is a law that regulates the amount that ma be collected under an assignment. In sucx a case the amount that may be collected is iimited to $100. To answer the question more intelligently it is necessary to know for what class of work the wages were earned. The precedence of a chattel mortgage depends upon conditions. NEVER DECIDED--T. F. L., City. This correspondent asks: “If a man rents a pays rent in advance, the house burns down a week after he moved in, would the landlord have to refund the balance of the rent or furnish other quar- ters to the temant?” That is a_ matter that has never been decided in California. A decision In the State of Washington was that the tenant could recover. The court, however, says that the decision was not on any cited authority, and that thers is no authority, for the reason that no one ever questioned the right of a tenant to recover. A right to recover might depend on the covenant. PATRIOTIC EXERCISES E. R., East Oakland, Cal. Section 1702 of the Political Code of California says: “It shall be the duty of all teachers to endeavor to im- press on the minds of the pupils the prin- ciples of morality, (the) truth, justice and patriotism; to instruct them in the prin- ciples of a free government and train them up to a true comprehension of the rights, duties and dignity of American citizenship.” In pursuance of this section the School Department of San Francisco has the teachers carry out the ideas set forth. and in addition there is an Ameri- can flag in every schoolroom. The puplls salute the flag every morning and repeat four lines of allegiance to flag and country. MARRIAGE—M. A., Stockton, Cal. The law of California requires, in order that a marriage may be solemnized, that there must first be presented to the party who is to perform the ceremony a license au- thorizing the marriage of the parties. Any one authorized under the law to solemnize a marriage would not undertake to mar- ry a couple without such license being produced, notwithstanding the fact that “the parties represented that they had been previously married by a minister, but had lasllmt llcen‘se‘." 2 There is a provision of the of this State which says: "HnrsL':‘L E.':.d.: be solemnized, authenticated and record. ea as provided for in this article (article 2), but non-compliance with fts pro- visions by other than parties to the mar. riage does not invalidate that - —_——— Cal. glace fruit 50c per b at Townsend's.* e . 81 Fourth, front of barber and grocery stores, best eyeglasses, specks, 10c to 4c.® —_—————— Special information supplled daily nmlnc::s l:‘mua and p‘uhlk ‘men t;: Press lureau (Allen's - gomery st. n’folcpnou Main ?lq"' b ——— “pt & - mfi.o'..bf‘?'.'x‘f.?:&.':r:' FYN oS- 6 “Maybe s0,” answe his chi ” T'd be willing to take chances ‘::‘b.‘h:: ;fl' to exonerate myself."—Washington " Add twenty drovs of Dr. Slegert's tura Bitters to every glass of impure wu:‘y: - drink. 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