The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, March 28, 1900, Page 7

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28, 1900. | ,\ BOARD CHOSEN T0 ADMINISTER AFFARS OF ART James W. Byrne Slated for President of the Asso- ciation. Pl S {Annwfl Meeting at Mark Hopkins | Institute—Hint Given That Searles ‘Will Do Something More for the Institution. —— The annual election of the San Francisco | Art Association yesterday resulted in the | choice of the following board of directors: { James W. Byrne, Joseph D. Grant, W. B. | Bourn, Willis E. Davis, Henry Heyman, | L. P. Latimer, James D. Phelan, Horace | G. Platt, Irving M. Beott, Willlam G. | Stafford and Clinton E. Worden. | The new directors at their first meeting { will elect a president. It is quite well un- | derstood that James W. Byrne will be the | presidency. He is a Pacific Union Club man, who has served In the directory. of | the Art Assoclation. | At the annual meeting of the assoclation |at Mark Hopkins Institute last evenin, the election returns were canvassed an | the result was officlally declared. The annual reports of Curator Robert Howe Fletcher and Assistant Becretary J. R. Martin were presented. The docu- to be 634, a ments show the membershi e year. The gain of 8 members during tl UR LAST CHANCE arming Play, “PUDD’N HEAD WILSON.” ON THE SUWANEE RIVER.” A Play Sweet CALIFORNIA THEATER. FIRST AFTERNOON RECITAL O"CLOCK. Paderewski ™ LEADING THEATES COLUMBIA xa SMOOTH GRANDZ™: OPERA HOUSE LAST TWO WEEKS OF THE SEASON EL_CAPITAN of the Present 82— POPULAR PRICES. Orchestra, Saturday oNLY Ust Seat 2 ! "ALCAZA et Office Emporium. R THEATER. Laughebie a turor in 1 k. SEATS—15¢, 25¢, 35¢, 50c. IN PREPARATION ...."QUO VADIS”... SATURDAY AND SUNDAY. MA EDDY ST., OLY MPIA 5225250 IE ONLY FREE VAUBEVILLE SHOW IN THE CITY. ALICE RAYMOND America’s WITE THE LADY %= VELVET MASK Whose Phenomenal Voice s the Talk of the Town. LEBRATED STOCK COMPANTY. 1 EVERY SUNDAY. R NIGHT EVERY FRIDAY. ADMISSION FREE. RACING! RACING! RACING! 1800 IFORNIA JOCKEY CLUB-1800 to APRIL 7, INCLUSIVE. LAND RACE _TRAC y, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs- ~CAL ™ nd 5 p. m., conbecting ; a the entrance * oh train reserved for la- ts; no smoking. Buy your 1" Mound. All traims via | 85 fo 88 wi “STUDENTS’ LECTURE COURSE” SECOND LECTURE, March 29, 8§ p. m., ¥. M. < Auditorium RABBI JACOB VOOR- EANCER. History of the Old Testament cents. Tickets at Eider & 5b Greatest Cornet and Bugle Player. | sharp. Francisco at 12 m. and | the | «TIVOLI+ I 1 GREAT | ANOTHER | YOU CANNOT AFFORD TO ARE YOUR NERVES o s e | UNSTRUNG? Manila . Take Bound! [? " Hudyan. THUNDERS OF APPLAUSE GREETED THE It Cures. WONDERFUL PATRIOTIC € When your nervous ACT FINALE. And the songs, jokes, duets, trios and tem becomes weakened and the vital forces im- “The Hoot Mon Golf Ballet!” | , paired, then exhaustion s at §. Matinee Baturday at 2. results. “Nervous Ex- haustion is a dangerous disorder, for it often leads to complete Pros- tration, Apoplexy or Heart Disease. Guard against it for help is at hand. HUD- YAN, is the help. Th mind’ is usually first to ehow evidence of a letting down of the nerves. Your memory becomes im- paired, your intellect clouded. You become de- epondent and melancholy, you shun soclety, you be: come morose, irritable and unable to apply your- self to business ~ You will_have headache (Fis. 1), hollow eyes (Fig. 2), a pale face (Fig. 3). coated tongue (Fix. 1), bloating of stomach (Fig. 5), torpid liver (Fig. 6), weakness of limbs (Fig. 4). all a8 a result of weak nérves. HUDYAN cures one and all these dis- tressful conditions. POPULAR PRICE Telephone—Bush —25¢ and 50¢. 5. | TLE." Tatch for “THE WIZARD OF THE ° EE TO-DAY, WEDNESDAY, MAR. any seat; balcony, 10c; children, 2 MATI ANGTHER BIG VAUDEVILLE TRIUNPH | CHARLES SWEET. KENO, WELCH and MELROSE: ; LONEY HASKELL. M MARIO! EILSON SISTERS; WES- | Tw\mééjmnfis and NORMA WHALLEY, SCHER’ CONCERT HOUSE 122-124 O’FARRELL ST. | | | E. A FISC & Prop. | GEORGE MOOSER........sz0ssssares | The Handsomest Music-Hall in America. | OUR _TIME TABLE. | T HINRICHS SUPERB OR- | 8:00—AUGI CHESTRA R VARGAS. RINA BARDL JCCL ) e e Perhaps you . R LU0 FICKMAN were of a_jovful 7, 11 TO 11245—*IL TROVATORE."" and gy disposi- = AUGUST HINRICHS' ORCHESTRA. tion. You are now > A ADMISSION ead and sober, Un- D) LA natural fears take . SALVINI | Bossession of your e e T et = mind Your CHUTES AND Z0O.F57 8™ | 555" sweiitc P poor, your bacl pains you and is The 3 Ce'ebrated Cherry Sisters. weak. You wake Most Ori 1 Performanee on Earth. in dlhe dmfi”“"‘ AN R \ill ILLE SHOW, eyed. You Rave ‘ dizzy s (Fig. | “Hoot Mon” and the Ama- | §. Gk vings un- e teurs To-morrow Night. |47 % (05 2 | - (Fig. 1), offensive | eats by Phone—Park 23. | breatn " (Fig. ), 3 palpitation of A | an inactive liver (Fig. 3), and cos- WONDERFUL | bt o | eyelids twitch, self. 'thkEfl)’ma' | toms, on % IN INVENTING HIS WORLD-RENOWNED | tell ¥ou that 3t “Magnetic Elastic Truss’ Dr. Pierce gave to HUYYA e o Rupture. Thousands of sufferers have | merves and Beth permanently relieved and radically CURED | meroerative © oo heart (Fig. 1), in- tiveness. Your | your knees ehake, | you lack energy 3 | and have no con- tell_you that you the public the most remarkable remedy ever | by this great appliance, and thousands of others | o7 {PFS, Hio digestion (Fig. 2), Iimbs tremble, | fidence in your- RUPTURE CURED. need HUDYA discovered for the succeseful treatment of Her- | girengthens the are now on the road to complete recovery. This | breane ** #1113 :fl;;!. is different from all others. It does the body. HUDYAN g - o o | glves health, You can get our “BOOKLET No. 1" by call- | & " tng at he office, or it will be sent on receipt of | Strength and hap- o 2.cent stamp. It tells all about this Truss. | PInSes. because e TDYAN insures a correct dls- MAGNETIC ELASTIC TRUSS C0,, | charse ot evers 620 Market Street (Opposite Palace Hotel), | bodily function. San Francisco. From your druggist. Glc a GET HUDYAN 7o 2 ratiaree 55 st If your druggist does not keep it, send direct to the HUDYAN REMEDY CO.. cor. Stockton, Ellis and Market sts,, San Francieco, Cal. ——— Eastern Office—New York City. i f the H #* of the Hudyan Remedy ! D CTORS Co. may be copsulted by letter or In person. »——————————% Write your symptoms. | SEND FOR CIRCULARS AND TES’ 5 | NIALS OF THE GREAT Hu‘DtAN—Pgé‘x':P . KIDNEY & LIVER IBITTERS | A PLEASANT LAXATIVE { NOT INTOXICATING | i FOR BARBERS, BAK- ' BRUSHES 32" 3ms s blacks, s e, SUMARS Subes, bres ‘bookbinders, candy-makers. canners, yers, fiour mills, foundries, laundries, paper- bangers, printers, painters, shoe factories, blemen, tar-roofers, tanners, tallors, etc. BUCHANAN BROS.. Brush Manufacturers, 609 Sacramento St W, T. HESS, NOTARY PUBLIO AND ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, Tenth Flocr, Room 1015, Claus Spreckels Bldg. Restdence, 1:-“100 '“n -:dfl' - 3 . Powell, 'CAPE NOME | TRANSPORTATION COMPANIES. FOR NOME BEACH DIRECT! BARKENTINE CATHERINE SUDDEN SAILS APRIL 18, 1900. For freight rates apply to_the NOME BE;gg LIGHTERAGE "AND TRANS- TATION COMPANY, Qffice: 4 California st. days : nc other treatment required. . Soid by all dm“i':tql. NEW WLESTERN HOTEL, EARNY AND WASHINGTON STS.—RE- modeled and renovated. KING, WARD & Eurcpean plan. Rooms, 50c to $150 day; 35 to $20 month. Free bathe; hot and cold w r every room; fire grates in every room: -elevator runs ajl night. CAFE ROYA Corner -Fourth and Market, S: F. Try our Gpecial ' Brew Steam and Lager, Overcoats and Valises cpecked free. | i | unanimous choice of the board for the 1 financial condition of the institution is creditable. In the permanent art fund there is the sum.of $18,000, in the general fund $6000 and the house improvement fund $1000. The classes of the school of design_are self-supporting. The instrue- tors, Mathews, Latimer, Stanton, Judson, Tilden and Yelland, are now known to the board as professors. The greatness thrust upon them has not impaired their useful- ness as teachers. The net profit of the Mardi Gras ball was $1383. A resolution was adopted rec- Dmmendln%'“lhal the board of directors transfer $1000 of the amount to the perma- nent art fund and apply the residue, $363, to_the support of the magazine. { Joseph D. Grant presided at the an- {nual meeting and incidentally mentioned | that good news would soon be imparted to the members. It was indicated that Mr. Searles would do something more for the institution. | Cheering accounts of zeal and gnthusi- in the Alumni Associatidn were RECOMMEND RAISE IN ELECTRIC LIGHT RATES Supervisors’ Committee Regards the Sum of Eleven Cents Per Lamp as Too Low. The Supervisors’ Committee on Artifi- | cial Lights yesterday decided to recom- | mend that the maximum rateéd to be| charged on electric lamps be raised from 11 cents to 13 cents. This decision was ar- rived at after Attorney Bishop of the San Francisco Gas and Electric Company, W. G. SBummerhayes of the Mutual Company and Expert A, M. Hunt of the Independent | Light and Power Company had been | heard cn the subject. There were present Supervisors Hotaling, Dwyer and Bran- | denstein of the committee, Supervisors | Jennings, Tobin, Hefms, Connor and Box- | ton ana City Engineer Grunsky, who were | present by invitation. Attorney Bishop represented that the 11- cent rate for each electric lamp in the district west of Larkin street and south- west of Tenth street was too low, as it cost 9 8-10 cents to distribute the current. The rate had been reduced from 20 cents, and he made an urgent plea for a l5-cent rate because of great loss Dwmil to the iso- lated service in the outside district. Expert Hunt opposed the proposition on the ground that the rate established was air and equitable. “I will grant,” said Mr. Hunt, “that it costs 9 8-10 cents to supply each lamp with the electric current, but that could be re- | duced were the San Francisco Company ta install adequate transformers in their system. The plant is inefficient on its al- ! ternating current plan, and the loss in | electricity is due to antiquated trans- { formers. " It is not flgm that the people of | San Francisco should be saddled with the blunders and losses of the company.” |, Mr. Summerhayes said that it was not | fair for the company to charge inhibitive | prices, and contended that the 1l-cent rate | was_sufficlent for residences in any part | of the city. | Chief Engineer Grunsky was of the | opinion that_theprofitin the downtown dis- | tricts might compensate for the loss in i outside localities, and he asserted that | | Iy the stated cause of the increased cost in the latter portions of the city was not | definite. | The committee went into executive ses- | | sion and at its conclusion announced that | | it was convinced of the merits of the pe- | tition for an increased rate and had 3:- cided to recommend that it be raised to |l3 cents per lamp throughout the city. | 11 cents for downtown and 15 cents for the | residence district, so_the compromise rate | | was agreed upon. The minimum rate to | be charged for electric service was fixed | at $150 per month, & reduction of & cents on the old rate. MISS DARCHY SPOKE | OF THE ANTIPODES | Described Australian Peculiarities | | and Told How Washington Could Have Lost Reputation. | Miss' Darchy of the Sydney Daily Tele- | graph staff delivered the first of two lec- | tures on Australia in Golden Gate Hall It | | was deemed inadvisable to set a rate of | ! last evening. She has a melodious voice | and a pleasing stage presence, and these | qualities lent interest to her treatment of | the subject. Her theme was “Australia | Ci ranging, then passed to the time when the | wilderness was subdued. Finally she de- | aud | | the plea “Guilt; scribed Melbourne ‘‘the marvelous™ picturesque Sydney. In describin hysical characteristics of the lan | higher than the head of a mounted horse- man, and in the dry season are barren, parched and cracked. In a time of great drought as many as a million sheep were ascertained to have perished from and thirst. { not a provident man. The country pro duced so plentifully that there was no in- centive to economy. The land was large and the population small. was in the next decade. She described the pests of goats and rabbits. George Wash- ington, in her opinion, if he h. tried to supply the people with statistics .about country because he would have forfeited his_reputation for truth. Rather would he have been thought fit for a_mining ex- pert or real estate hoomer. The lecture was interesting and instructive. Danziger-Wise Imbroglio. The case of Dr. Adolphe Danziger, charged with battery by Attorney Otto 1. Wise, was dismissed by Judge Cabanlss yesterday. The battery was committed fn Justice of the Peace Groezinger's court- room on January 17. attorneys. There had by tinuances asked by bot Judge got tired of having the case on his calendar. ] N £0 many con- —_——————— ‘Watered His Milk. Joseph Enos, a dalryman, was yester- day convicted by Judge Mogan on _the charge of watering his milk and was fined $25, which he paid. He was arrested at the Tiburon ferry. ADVERTISEMENTS. BRAIN FOOD Is of Lit‘le Benefit Unless It Is Di- gested. Nearly every one will admit that as a nation we eat too much meat and too lit- tle of vegetables and grains. For business men, office men and clerks, and in fact every one engaged In seden- tary or indoor occupations, grains, milk and vegetables are much more healthful. Only men engaged in severe outdoor manual labor can live on a heavy meat diet and continue in health. . As a general rule, meat once a day is sufficient for all classes of men, women and children, and grains, fruit and vege- tables should constitute the bulk of food eaten. But many of the most nutritious foods are difficult of digestion and it is of no use to advise brain workers to eat largely of grains and vegetables where the diges- tion is too weak to assimilate them prop- erly. It is always best to get the best results from our food that some simple and harmless digestive should be taken after meals to assist the relaxed digestive or- gans, and several years' experience have proven Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets to be a very safe, pleasant and effective di- gestive and a remedy which may be taken daily with the best results. Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets can be called a patent medicine, as they do not act on the bowels nor any particular organ, but only on the food eaten. They supply what weak stomachs lack, pepsin diastase, and by stimulating the gastric lized.” She began with an account of | the old conviet days, then came to bush- | gwell on the great plains, which after the | | rains are covered with grass that grows | unger | The Australian, she sald, was | | People’s Church, Omaha, tel Manufacturing | kward, but would largely increase | the Australian rabbits, would not have | been able to set up as the father of his | of them was three years ago when I went —_———— | Danziger was a | witness in a case and Wise was one of the | sides that the | glands increase the natural secretion of hydrochloris acid. ] People who make a dally practice of taking one or two of Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets after each meal are sure to have perfect digestion, which means perfect health. There is no danger of forming an in- jurious habit as the tablets contain ab- solutely nothing but natural digestives; cocalne, murphl:ne and lll:uu drugs have no place in the stomach medicine, and tuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets are certainl tsha best lu{m and most popular of ‘fi "xl:k rnur drqi::fnt for a fl%fl: pack- Sftera ‘l't”k_s -ung’::ote t"h.e o mprove in health, appetite and nervous. i energy. FIGE WILL STILL PREACH - HIS RELIGION Fanatic Undaunted by a Coat of Tar and Feathers. e Refuses to Prosecute Two of His Al- leged Persecutors and the Cases Against Them Are Dis- - missed. PR TR Special Dispatch to The Call. OMAHA, March 27.—The outrage per- petrated upon Mr. and Mrs. Louis Figg by a frenzied mob at Gretna Friday night is the second instance wherein a woman has received a coat of tar and feathers in Nebraska in recent years. In the last instance the deed was far from Justified; in the former case at Osceola no sympathy was wasted upon the scar- let woman who was made black by a party of prudijgh women prominent in so- cial circles. It was a comparatively light coat which the Gretnaites spread upon Mr. and Mrs. Figg, for both were able to be about the next day. In fact, Mr. Figg hurried to the county seat, where he flled informa- tions before the County Attorney and the Sheriff went to Gretna to serve the war- rants, which called for three well-known men, sald to have been the leaders of the mob which invaded the sanctity of the Figg home, 4 Mr. and wife out of bed and nolselessly but quick- 1y doped them with tar and feathers. It was plainly the intention of the men to warn but not to Injure their victims. Should the warning not be heeded the outrage may be repeated in true Westerfl style. ’%ho te sect has caused a vfim' deal of public scandal in the little village only a few miles south of Omaha. It was founded four or five years ago. To de- scribe its adherents as fanatics is not oversteppl! the bounds of truth. Mr. and Mrs. n!ig' are the acknowledged leaders and they hav adually won over | quite a number of well -munln(_lp:rsons. mostly women, to their beliefs. ey be- lieve that every unsanctified person pos- sesses a personal devil or is the personi- fication of satan. They claim to have the power to discover in sinners the existence of a devil and upon making such dis- covery they holds it to be their duty to chastise the bodz holding it until the evil spirit shall be driven out. Three years ago several husky citizens of Gret- na objected to having§the devil driven out of them in this manner and after certain enthuslastic Figgites had gone to the hospital they began doubtinfhlhe ef- ficacy of their methods and quit the chas- tisement feature. But it was in the power of a Figgite to discover the devil while he was yet in- visible to the unsaved. So a delegation of them went to one of the Gretna churches and during the middle of the gervice suddenly saw the devil standing out on the edge of the platform just in front of the preacher. Three or four women at once began screaming and made a dash for the devil, who sought safety up one aisle and down another til he finally escaped from the church and across a corn fleld, where the women soon became exhausted fromrunning over the soft ground. Regular members of the church, who didn’t see the devil at all, were much incensed. These remarkable demonstrations by the Figgites continued at succeeding church services and camp meetings in Sarpy County, until finally the Figgites came over into Douglas County and dis covered the devil at one of the meetin; The preacher, however, preferred devil to the Figgites, and had the women arrested for disturbing a religious meet- ing. At a trial before Justice Cockerell in Omaha each woman in turn entered in the eyes of man, but f God,” while innocent in the sight o . shrieks of “Glory to God” and “‘Hallelu- jah” made the courtroom ring. The Jus- tice, however, viewed the situation with- the eyes of man, and heavily fined the women, each of whom refused to pay, and served out her term in jail, living mar- tyrs to the undying faith within them. Fanatical Demonstrations. Rev. Charles W. Savidge, Hu!or of the s of an epi- sode in which the Figgites figured. “1 first knew the Figgs in 1884, sald Rev. Mr. Savidge, “‘and at that time they were recent converts to religion. They started out on the right track and were highly regarded. That was at Spring- field, Sarpy County. The next I to Gretna to hold a meeting. I noticed that my audience was inclined to watch the church doors throughout the service. I asked the reason why. The reply was: “The Figgites are likely to come at any time and break up the meefln%‘e “Who are the Figgites?’ I asked. On being in. formed I announced that I would go to see them. I called at their home the next mornlngi Mr. Figg was not at home, but Mrs. Figg admitted me. We talked leasantly for a while, but when a dif- Ference of opinion was expres: she be- gan to scream; at the top of her voice she shouted: ‘You've got the devil in you.’ She carried a young babe in her arms, and as she danced about the room, in what I would call a fanatical can-can, it was to me a most shocking sight. T ex- cused myself, saying I would call again when T could see her husband. “A few nights later the Flgn came to my meeting. I saw at once that I had to deal with combustible material, for they were tinctured with wildfire. There was no violent demonstration, however, until ust before the close of the service, when idr!. Fige went into a_hysterical fit of screaming and reiterated her charge that 1 had the devil in me. I acted as as I could and announced to her that while she had broken l:r the meeting that time, she must never do it again. told her I expected to have her arrested, which I dia, after consulting legal I.Ilthoflt{. “That ended my experience with the Figgs for the time, but a year later I was at Gretna and -omebod{ broke my car- Tiage to pleces. It was the general opin- jon of my friends that the followers of the Figgites were responsible for the van- dalism. . The carriage was cut loose from the horses l‘“dh bn;lken up one night while I was in church. “T believe the people of Gretna had sufficlent provocation to cause them to take extreme measures inst the Figgs. T do not say that I indorse the tar and feather plan, but I do say that somethi ought to be done to rid the State of suct people. They have been a menace to soclety. . Savidge relates an anecdote of how o gy ‘becam - o0n ALIST e hat unless the. In , pre’ & Sabitants of the village of Springfeld re- pented immediately the town would be swept away by the hand of the Lord. Cases Dismissed. APILLION, Nebr.. March 27.—Chapter t:o in the history of the Figgites ended to-day in the court of County e Wil- son, when Louis Figg announced that he would not prosecute the two men. John Woods and Willlam Browning, arrested on the charge of being star actors in chap- ter one, when the two leaders of the Figg- a coat of tar and feathers e added earnestly. In- t on preaching my faith as the past. Threats will gnee} and if my neighbors choose me for adhering to my religious well and good."” huv‘e m; c! g;nvyl'::fiom all Last Week. ANl shoes In store, 71T Market street, t be sold this week; Saturday will be 3::’1-:! day for sale of shoes. 717 Market street, near Third. ————— . A. Schilling Appointed. . Mayor Phelan yesterday appofnted Schilling to be the for San Francisco on the committee of three in connection with the Chinese celebration of the 9, 10 and ‘will rep- —_———————— Anyvo Theatrical Cold Cream insures a ) refined complexion. Druggists, 15c and 0c* the | B S S @w@vo B B e e e o e O S S = | | | [ calmly | i | rule of despotism, show that Rpldness of | still lived in_her splendid ruins and in her GOLDEN AGE OF ITALIAN LITERATURE. Copyright, 1900, by Seymour Eaton. GOLDEN AGES OF LITERATURE. AND HIS RELATION TO MODERN LITERATURE. BY C. W. BENTON, PH. D, The philosopher Gioberti has compared Dante to the acoatha tree in India, which, by throwing out from its branches new shoots into the ground, becomes of itself a forest. ““The middle ages,” says Lowell, “were reflected in his soul as the universe in a drop of dew.” As the materials of different geologic ages entered into the composition of his favorite church of San Giovanni, the gates of which Michael Angelo declared were worthy to be the gates of paradise, so the “Divine Comedy” embraced earth and| heaven—a cui a porto mano e cielo e terra Italy had been the center of the cru-! sades. Her Popes had given the order to march. Her ships bhad furnished the means of transport. The enthusiasm ot that conflict of centuries had not fallen with the heroic figure of St. Louis, but was turned in other directions—to the building of cathedrals and great systems of thought. Armies as well as ideas had crossed the national boundaries. The con- flict between Gregory VII and Henry IV of Germany was stiil shaking the Conti- nent, a distant echo of which was recent ly heard in the remark of a Germa: Prince that there was no more going to Canossa. | Frederick Barbarossa and Henry VII wera still fighting to maintain the impe- | rial power. In England from the weak | hands of King John was bele 'relledl the fiag‘nl Charta. In Spain Alphonso X | heard the first strains of the poem of the | Cid. In France the Troubadours of Prov- | ence were producing the first outburst of | Iyric poetry in any language of modern | Europe, while the north was singing of | the prowess of the paladins of the great Emperor and covering the land with its | white mantle of churches. i In Italy the free air of the sea brings | to Venice and Genoa the sense of liberty and the commerce of the Ories Nom- inally under the "suzerainty of 0 - peror, in fact independent republic Fl i of the Italian cities of themorth, e their own magistrates while many o nations of Eurcpe were still under the character and thought which are fostered by the institutions of popular liberty. To- ether with this political ardor were other nfluences of culture, chief among which was the memory of ancient Rome. Al- though the empire was no more, Rome literature. Her monuments, visible on every hand, still spoke of a greatness and a dominion which Italy blushed to have lost and dreamed to regain. The German Emperors, who inherited the title of the holy Roman empire, given by the Popes to Charlemagne, promised that dominion, and Italy followed the.Emperors. This was the Ghibelline glrly. e Popes, on the other hand, with the title of spiritual overnors of the universe and makers of ings, promised that dominion, and so Italy forlowed the Popes. This was the Guelf or popular party. Moreover, many of the Popes themselves sprang from ‘the common people. Hildebrand, the greatest of them, was the son of a carpenter: Syl- vester 11, who as the Monk Gerbert had troduced into Europe the Arabic numer- raged learning, was the son of Lorraine; Urban IV shoemaker; Celestin V als and enc of farmer peasants was the son of a was a hermit. While the nobles had some shadow of excuse in calling In the Emperor, who | was their sovereign, to settle their dis- | utes, the Popes, on the other hand— gonflnco VIII, for eumyle—had called in the aid of the princes of France without bavis any such excuse. Thus Italy be- came the battle ground of Europe and the Papacy was fighting to take back a do- minion which itseif had formerly be- stowed. The Popes found more than once reason to regret their having evoked from the tomb the imperial shade. By so doing they had darkened the history of Italy. 1t was because they had not limited them- selves to spiritual weapons, but had used corrupt means for dominion, that they aroused the wrath of Dante. who con- signed some of them to the fiercest pen- nlms of the infernal world." The poet stood where all the influences of the cen- tury met. His star is always on the hori- zon. His ancestor, Cacciaguida, had been knighted for heroism by Conrad IIT in the third crusade, so that he not only breathed the air but in his veins flowed the blooa of the at movement. Warrior at the battle of Campaldino, Embassador, Prio of Florence, a political exile and wer derer, his home was the world and huma destiny his song. Out of the wars an tumult of kis life sprang one of th serenest works of human genius. Ove that perfect arch of colors uniting two bemispheres. Through his work the memories which thrilled his Emerafion re-echo still. As | the statues ofsstone on the cathedrals still radiate their lessons of faith, so in the “Divine Comedy" the faces of Giotto and | Cimabue and the musical strains of Cas- ella_become articulate with aPeech. Like St. Paul, he had a vision of divine perfec- tion; like Bunyan, be traces the p'lgrim- e m'no'fu‘ g g forgotten, mer, a whole age, By life again. He holds the same relation to modern literature that Homer does to that of “uqu“knmml gave that heroic lmgulso to literaf and art which carried them through a three-fold devel- opment, from the sul c to the beauti- ful, and finally to -uu-reh forfu:; true. ‘What would the literature of Gresce be without Homer? The ideals and forms of classic art are all there. The breath of # ‘morning and the bnrz‘ld::ne- afm, out stars. The earth and Olympus, Jupt- ter and the council of the gods, the tem- ples and the cities, Ulysses wandering cver the resoun sea, Agamemnon the he words of DANTE. | existed separately would fustiing of divine wings. Minerva with her shield, Apollo with his lute, Thetis rising from the sea, Mercury flying through the air on some message of the gods. flearllng)hlmA the world feels ymmf again. Said Michael Angelo, ‘“When read Homer I look to see if I am not twenty feet tall” With Homer awoke Greek literature and art. His ideals were realized in the beautiful forms of Phidias and Praxiteles, the tragedies of Sophocles and the ideas of Plato. Then came the third perfod, which ends with Aristotle and the search for the true. Greece had accomplished her work and the toreh passed on to other hands. The same three periods appear Italy. From the sublime in nte art passes on to the beautiful in Petrarch and Raphael, when the whole noonday glory of the Italian renaissance burst upon Europe and kindled the flame of devotion to art and letters which. beginning with Italy, surrounded the world. Then came the third period. with the search for new worlds by Galileo and Columbus. It was in the “Divine Comedy” that all the elements of culture which were at work in the middle ages, each in its own sphere and possibly in a different lan- guage and in a different clime from all the others, meet for the first time and combine in one living and perfect whole. Dante i{s at once a creative and a tra- ditional genius. He sald what everybody else was saying, but in a language and in an artistic form that no one thought of using. He takes the common dialect poken by the women and children of ltali. thought unworthy for any serious work, and in it he treats eat themes of science lnd(rh"mphy hitherto conflned to Latin and the quiet of the cloister. There was the fine wheat of the Latin, he sald. but there was also the barley bread of the vulgar dlalect, and it in e SR R B SRS S | | | was in this alone that the common people could be fed the bread of life. The “Di- vine Comedy~ contains a record of all that concerned Europe in the middle ages, a complete system of what was thought and felt on politics, on art, on astronomy, on religion. These elements which each ° isappeared, certainly would have been outgrown or. supplanted, were they not combined through the mysterious prin- cirle of life by the personality of the poet. t was this faculty of harmonizing what were opposing tendencies of civilization, the wer of exrress"\g the thought of all time in the lang of to-day and in fauitless form that make an era In literature, for Dante first showed In an eminent degree that openness of mind which appreciates and appropriates good wherever it is found, and which ‘ways must remain the mark of the hi est culture. It is this universality which characterizes the work of Dante which has given so many theories as to the con- tents of the “Divine €omedy.” It is a textbook on astronomy and medieval sclence. All these and other theories have been given, and all are true. It depends on the side from which the work Is approached. Like the Bible, eve: one found in it what he wished to find. Some read it because it placed their ene- mies in hell; others with the hope of find- ing their friends in heaven; others be- cause they find there the thought and feeling of many centuries, compressed, like the gifts to humanity in Pandora's box, into the compass of one “mystic, un- fathomable song.” No danger that the spirits of the deep or the odors of the celestial plains shall ever evaporate, for they are held secure as by rll!. of triple steel. Each perfect in itself, they follow each other, like the waves of the sea, those shafts of glowing rhyme reveali the wonders of the deep until the trav ers have reached the further shore. And when they ascend the laborious mount, and later, in company with a heavenly the poet continues his flight through eir. cles of infinite space. there is no touch of weariness until the great song is done and ends with the word stelle—the stars. ““The central man of all the world,"” says Ruskin, ‘‘as representing in ect balance the imaginative moral and intel- lectual faculties all at their highest.” ‘We recelve from te the same im- pression of universal intellect as from Shakespeare, with this difference: that While Shakespeare conceals his own per- sonality behind a moving multitude as broad as humanity, Dante himself is ways present with his undying love as “transcendent as his scorn.” ““A little philosophy,” sald Bacon, “leads away from religion, but much philosophy — b back to religion.” Sainte Beuve has similarly remarked: ‘“There is a cer- tain degree of poetry which carri way from reality, and there is a greater amount of poetry which brings back to it, which embraces all history.” Such is he poetry of Dante. From him poetry 3 the very soul and utterance of truth. his is the eharacter of Hebrew . he prophets and the psalmises and tl ublime author of the book of Job did ot write hist had an- sther motive. it this view was so vast and so deep that it includes all history in one lasting lesson for all the ce And so in Dante are contained in germ all the forms of modern literature. He has inspired the artists and the thinkers of lhh’eu mo‘dhem vurl(:.‘c !'beh' dramatic, the re: c. the romantic, the psychological school of art are all there. As he is the father of the romantic school the W'"m“ intensit: nfll‘“ mal feel- ance ¥ perso; ing, yet as he always subordinates fancy ¥ on o w! mark of the classic Both tendencies which have divided all ture and art unite In him.- This his book is of interest to all men—the histori: the g And the other side of des Beaux Arts, 1s the to bolize the intellect: