The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, March 26, 1900, Page 5

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, MONDAY, MIGHTY-- MIGHTIER:- MIGHTIEST- The Sword, The Pen. and+.. | WARNERS SAFE CURE Powerful to CONQUER DISEASE &%= SAVE LIFE. It Gures All Forms of ... Kidoey Discase. | { AMUSEMENTS. | - PAOEREWSH T0-NIGHT, IFORNIA THEATER. ) FOLLOW—Wednesday after- Frid: on, March 3 rved seats— | “PUDD'N. | HEAD NILSON™ April L VER.” BLOSSOM. | *TIVOLI* TS “ON TH- SUWANEE RI N ORANGE BOUND! FUN AND MI Bea n Goli Ballet!” Mat Saturday, at 2. Extrs “Tie Hoot N POPULAR PRIC enings st —25¢ and 50c. RD OF THE NILE.” COLUMBIA 5 nBeginning- “TO-NIGHT. TVWO W KS- MATINEE SATURDATY. 1yth & Rice Present Comedian | .<} COLLIER FARCE, MR. { %" SMOOTH OPERA GRAND™ LAST TWO WEEKS OF THE SEASON | LL THIS WEEK, | EL CAPITAN — PHONE MAIN 6832.— | USUAL POPULAR PRICES. G rved Seat in Orchestra, Saturday ach Ticket Office Emporium. ALCAiAR THEATER. TO-WNWIGHT, A WHIRL OF FUN. AUNT JAcK M. PALMER’S...0 edy which created & furor B ndon and New York SEATS—15¢, 25¢, 35¢, 50c. IN PREPARATION ....’QUO VADIS" EE SATURDAY AND SUNDAY. - FISCHER'S CONCERT HOUSE, | nrie 50, Badaracco; . Signorina Pollt 2 Hichman; 11 to 11:45. *TI vatore. ¢ Hinricks' orchestra. AD- MISSION, 10 Cents. | ber of years they have been obliged to | of the dead shall be shipped to China at | tary or indoor occupations, grains, milk | | Chairs and Box Seats, 50c. CHINESE WANT BONES OF THEIR DEAD SENT HOME Threatened Revolt of Laborers En- gaged for the Alaska uJanner- ies Is Averted. What threatened to prove a serious disagreement between the three thousand Chinese who are emploved in the Alas- kan canneries during the summer months and the commercial companies was amic- ably adjusted at a meeting of the Six Companles last night, and an impending strike of the heathen laborers was avert- | ed. The Chinese ¢lainfed that for a num- bury their dead at the place where death occurs, and in many instances the bodles of Chinese are weighted and sunk in the sea. Before the Chinese would depart this year they insisted that a specifica- tion be placed in each contract to the ef- fect t should any deaths occur while the Chinese are out of the State the bones the expense of the commercial companies. As many of the Chinese were to sall to- day for the North the sudden revolt ap- peared for a time serious. The ‘commer- cial bodies employing the Chinese re- fused to accede to all the demands, and at the meeting last night the Six Com- panies agreed to make up any monetary deficiencies that might exist, in order that peace should reign. The highbinder situation is still serious. The Hop Sing Tong are determined to prosecute the Suey Sing highbinders now under arrest, and to spill some blood in revenge for the recent murders of mem- bers of their tong. A large number of the men who are to leave for Alaska to-day are members of the Suey Sing Tong, and their absence may seriously cripple the society. ADVERTISEMENTS. BRAIN FOOD Is of Lit‘le Benefit Unless It Is Di- gested. Nearly every one will admit that as a nation we eat too much meat and too lit- tle of vegetables and grains. For business men, office men and clerks, and in fact every one engaged in seden- and vegetables are much more healthful. | Only men engaged In severe outdoor | manual labor can live on a heavy meat | diet and continue in health | As a general rule, meat once a day s | sufficient for all classes of men, women and children, and grains, fruit and vege- | tables should constitute the bulk of food eaten. But many of the most nutritious foods are difficult of digestion and it is of no R e e e e e e B e e e e B el o ? z : ONTRARY to general expectations, the annual meeting and election of the French Mutual Benevolent So- clety yesterday at Native Sons’ Hall was extraordinarily quiet and the proceedings were not marred by a single unpleasant incident. Six hun- dred and thirty-three members cast thefr ballots for fifteen directors and three physicians to administer the affairs of the hospital during the ensuing year. Thirty-one ballots were rejected for be- ing improperly marked. The names of twenty-four members, candidates for election to the administra- use to advise brain workers to eat largely | of grains and vegetables where the diges- | tion 15 too weak to assimilate them prop- | | erly. It is always best to get the best results | from our food that some simple and | harmless digestive should be taken after meals to assist the relaxed digestive or- ns, and several years' experience have proven Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets to be a very safe, pleasant and effective di- | gestive and a remedy which may be taken | daily with the best results. Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets can hardly | be called a patent medicine, as they do | not act on the bowels nor any particular organ, but only on the food eaten. They | supply what weak stomachs lack, pepsin dias and by stimulating the gastric glands increase the natural secretion of | hydrochloris acid People who make a daily 1 practice of | taking one or two of Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets after each meal are sure to have | perfect digestion, which means perfect | health. | There is no danger of forming an in- jurious habit as the tablets contain ab- solutely nothing but natural digestives; | cocaine, morphine and similar drugs have no place in the stomach medicine, and | Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets are certainly the best known st popular of all stomach remed Ask your druggist for a fifty-cent pack- age of Stuart'’s Dyspepsia‘ Tablets, and after a week’s use nota the improvement in health, appetite and nervous energy. os. DQUBLE DISTILLED WHISKEY . 6 QUART BOTTLES $4.80. Express charges prepaid. Highest grade for Medicinal or Family use. We give you the benefit of the middiemen's profit, besides you are guaranteed the cer- tainty of PURE WHISKEY. Nothing on case to Indicate contents. Money refunded if not satisfactory. Reference, any business firm and commercial agencies. F. EPHRAIM & CO., Disillers’ Agents, 18 Montgomery street, San Francleco, Cal. 7 Twice the price could buy no better. OTHER BiG VAUDEVILLE TRICHPH. CHARLES SWEET. KENO, WELCH and MELROSE; A. L. GUILLE; LONEY HASKELL. THE MISSES McCOY and SAM MARION; W. C. FIELDS; NEILSON SISTERS; WES- TON and ¥OST. WALTER JONES and NORMA WHALLEY, Reserved Seats, 25c; Baleony, 10c; Opera Matinees Wednesday, Saturday and Sunday. CHUTES AND Z00. EVERY AFTERN The 3 Celebrated CHERRY SISTERS — AND — THE KRAMERS: ROMALO BROTHERS; BOGGS and HAEWARD; LILLIAN HOWE: MARION BLAKE; LEW THOM; CONLON and RYDER. HOOT MON and the AMATEURS........... -.Thursday Night CAKE WALK Saturday Night Seats by Phone—Park 23. RACING! RACING! RACING! 1800—CALIFORNIA JOCKEY CLUB—1800 MARCH 2 to APRIL 7, INCLUSIVE. OAKLAND RACE TRACK. Racing Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs- eay, Friday and Saturday. Rain or shine. Five AND EVENING. e or more races each day. Races start at 2:15 p. m. sharp. Ferry-boats leave San Francisco at 13 m. and 12:30, 1, 1:80, 2, 2:30 and 3 p. m., connecting with trains stopping at the entrance to the track. it two cars on train reserved for la- dies and thelr escorts; no smoking. Buy your ferry tickets to Sheil Mound. All trains via Oukland mole connect with San Pablo avenue electric cars at Seventh and Broadway, = jand. Also all trains via Alameda mole con- nect with San Pablo avenue cars at Fourteenth and Broadway, Oakland. These electric cars g0 direct 1o the track in fifteen minutes. Returning—Trains leave the track at 4:15 and 4:4 p. m. and Immediately after the last race. fi!OlA! H._WILLIAMS JR., President. R. B. OY, Secretary. tion committee, had been printed on the ballots and the members were cautioned to cancel the names of nine. There was no opposition to the election of Dr. de Chantreau as visiting hospital physician and Drs. J. Masson and F. R. Orella as city ph Considerable electioneering was done in the contest for positions on the adminis- tration committee. Sample ballots with the names of R. Aguirre, P. Cames, J. Bergez, E. Semaine, E. Messager and H. Fabregue canceled in pencil were circu- lated by those who sustained the old ad- ministratign committee In having ousted Dr. O. J. Mayer from his position as sur- geon of the hospital. Considerable oppo- ion also developed against R. Chartrey, vice-president, who had antagonized cer- The | tain interests! The election began at 3 o'clock. | members formed in line and were handed pink tickets, the voting being done at twelve booths erected on the stage. At i + ® 7 o'clock the balloting ceased and the count, which was completed at § o’clock, resuited as follows: Administration Committee—J. M. Dupas, J. St. Denis, T. Lacoste, E. Thiele, P. Cames, R. Lavigne, J. Desbarats, P. Ber- ges, L. Perramont, J. Gerhardt, A. acquemart, E. Remond, J. Bergez, J. Lambla and R. Chartrey. Visiting hospital physician, Dr.de Chant- reau; visiting physicians to the homes of | members, Dr. J.” Masson and Dr. F. R. Orella. The directors elected will meet next Wednesday night at 318 Post street to elect officers. It is Tegarded as certain that J. | M. Dupas will be chosen president and J. Bergez and P. Cames vice presidents. | Though some opposition has developed to | the candidacy of Dr. Tait as chief sur- geon, his election is conceded. Dr. Mayer, Who 'was deposed, will in all likelihood be offered the position of gynecologist. It was decided to establish a school for male nurses, there being already one for female nurses. Two years was designated as the length of service before diplomas | MARCH 26, 1900. FRENCH HOSPITAL SOCIETY HOLDS ITS ANNUAL MEETING Contrary to Expectations the Election of Administration Committee Is Very Orderly. Lo e o o b ol o B . e e e e 2 D R ey SCENES AND INCIDENTS DURING THE ELECTION. I ‘o+o+o+o~+o-o+m+0+wo+o+m+o+o+o+. will be issued, though this may later be increased to three years. Resolutions in connection with the Saba- tie bequest of $102.000 were unanimously adopted, and Elnvida for the nlacing of 2 memorial tablet on M, Sabatle’s grave in Bordeaux, France, the erection of a bronze bust in the vestibule of the hos- pital, the reservation of two pages on the “Gold Book” of the Institution to the memory of the generous donor and the nxam]lng after him of a wing In the hos- pital. J. P. Menclet, the only surviving mem- ber of the first six who founded the so- clety, in 1853, was restored to membership at his request. Menciet lost an arm while firing off a cannon at the dedication of the old hospital, on Bryant street, in 1858. He left this city twenty-six years ago for France, but comes back to again make this city his home. A vote of-thanks was extended to Presi- dent Arthur Legallet for hispast services and for his offer to journey to France to lay the Sabatie memorial tablet, in com- pany with several other past presidents. Columbia to-night in his own DRAMATIC NOTES AND MUSIC NEWS ILLIE COLLIER wul open at the town with “The Man From Mexico,” and | it is not improbable that he will repeat the performance with his new play. Burr McIntosh and the capable com- pany now at the California wiil continue | in “Pudd'nhead Wilson” for the present week with a recess to-night, when Pader- | ewski's first concert is to take place. The next attraction at the California is “On the Suwanee River,” commencing next Sunday afternoon. At the Alcazar to-night “Aunt Jack,” 1 be given. *Quo a Palmer success, wil Vadis” is in preparation. “Manila Bound” will receive its long de- layed presentation at the Tivoli to-night. | It is a muslical extravaganza abundantly supplied with specialties, for which elab- orate preparations have been made. “El Capitan,” the most successful opera in the reperfoire of the Grand Opera- house company, will be revived this week. Charles Sweet, the tramp planist; A. L. Guille, operatic tenor; Keno, Welch and | Melrose, acrobatic comedians, and Loney Haskell, author, comedian and character artist, are the new items on the Orpheum bill of fare this week. Jones and Whal- ley and others are among the hold-overs. Allce Raymond, the cornetist, and “The Lady in the Velvet Mask” are the chief attractions at the Olympia. At Fischer’s Concert House the Hin- rich’s orchestra and Italian opera artists. Fourth act of ““Trovatore” this week. The first concert of Paderewski will take place at the California Theater at 8:15 'Qms evening. There will be concerts on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons and Monday afternoon next. The programme for to-night is as follows: Etudes Symphoniques, opus 13 (Schumann); sonata, op. 3L, No. 3, E flat major (Beethoven), allegro, scherzo, ménuetto, presto con firoco: serenade, ““Hagk! Hark! the Lark!” “Erl King” (Schubert-Liszt); ballade, A flat, op. 47; Nocturne, D flat, op. 21, No. 2; Etude, A minor, op. 2, No. 11; Valse, 6p. 42 (Chopin); Menuet, A major (Paderewski), published by G. Echir. mer, New York: Valse, “Man lebt nur ein (Strauss-Tausig); Rbapsodie hongroise, N (Liszt.) —_——— - New finishes in oak moldings for picture frames, and new pictures in water colors, latinotypes, photographs gnd etchings. isitors always welcome. Sanborn, Vail & Co., 741 Market street. . J A Vivekananda Lectures. Swami Vivekananda lectured yesterday afternoon at Union Square Hall, 421 Post street. His subject was “Khrisna and His Message.” The speaker detalled the In- teresting characteristics of the Arablan prophet, and spoke of the salient features of his religion. Hugo Hertzer rendered the offertory. A large crowd was present. BROADHURST COMPLIMENTS THE ORPHEUM ——— NE of the neatest compliments ever extended to a San Francisco play house has been given to the Or- pheum. George H. Broadhurst, the well-known author of popular farce: in consequence a competent judge of good things in the theatrical line, has thrown a bouquet at the Orpheum which the man- agement considers one of tue greatest in- dorsements_of its efforts that has ever been extended. This is what Mr. Broad- hurst writes: BOHEMIAN CLUB, SAN FRANCISCO, March 23, 1900, My Dear Mr. Morrisey: Let me congratulate you on_having one of the best bills I have ever Feen. BInCerely ORGE H. BROADHURST. Mr. Broadhurst has visited nearly every play house in the country, —witnessing nearly every good thing that has appeare on the boards, and for that reason his opinion and compliment are all the more valuable. ————————— Anyvo Theatrical Cold Cream provents early wrinkles. Sold by all druggists. * — ee———— Lithographers’ Outing. The fifth annual picnic of the San Fran- cisco Lithographers 8. A. No. 17, Inter- national Protective dlnsd Benefl:lné AB;D— e United States and Canada, g}:_;h;\rzlgrylek;lerday at Shell Mound Park: The attendance was very large, over 1400 being present. Dancing was the princi- pal feature of the occasion. The affair was under_the direction of the following officers and committees: President, Louis Traung; vice president, Charles Cupp; recording secretary, Charles M. Krlcseas; financial secretary, Gustav Soderwal; treasurer, R. Huber; Inspector, Charles Kaliser; inside sentinel, F. Schmidt; out- side sentinel, J. J. McCormick. Picnic committee—Charles Kaiser, Axel Soderwal, E. Isaacs, George Simonson, Willlam Bergk, L. Traung and David Powers. —_—————————— Ladies’ fine kid shoes worth $2 50 for $§1 a pair at sale of shoes, TI7 Market street. * —_————————— Attorney General Going East. Attorney General Tirey L. Ford and Deputy Attorney General Willlam M. Ab- bott leave for Washington this morning to argue there before the Supreme Court of the United States the case of C. W, Smith as receiver for the Atlantic and Pacific Raiflroad Company vs. Truman Reeves as State Treasurer of California. The history of this case presents another example of the persistent tax shirker. If the State be successful in this suit, and Attorney General Ford is very sanguine that it will be, it will mean the payment by the railroad company of all the back taxes since the year I ALASKA COMMERCIAL COMPANY «.FOR... Nome, St. Michael, Dawson «.AND... ALL POINTS ON YUKON RIVER. CARRYING THE 7 FROM EAN FRANCISCO FROM SEATTLE .. .OM BAN FRAN( FOR NOME, ST. MICHAEL A Steamer Will Be Dispatched UNITED STATES MAIL. AND ALL OTHER POINTS: 8 8. “ST. PAUL" May 3th Every Fortnght Thereafter, For Juneau, Sitka, Prince William .Sound. Cooks Inlet, FROM SEATTLE... EA For mew folders. maps and further particulars as COMMERCIAL COMPANY, $10 Sansome street. For Seattle sallings apply to CAPT. JAS. CARROLL, Mutual Life Bullding, Jeattle, Wash. Kodiak and All Intermediate Points: to freight and passage, apply to San Francisco, Cal. NAPA SODA WATER. Imporhnf Legal Decision—Trade Mark Sustained. For some time past several parties have been selling water in this market as Napa | oda, which waters do not come from ‘Napa Soda Springs,” which are the original fountains of the genuine “Napa Soda.” Under these circumstances Col- onel Jackson has brought suit to enjoin one of these parties, who, under the cor- porate name of “Phillips Napa County Soda Company,” has been selling water as “Napa Soda,” which does not come from his springs, and the following de- cision has Just beent rendered in the case by Judge Hebbard, after an exhaustive trial running through some weeks: In the Superior Court of the City and County of San Francisco, State of Call- fornia, Department Four—J. C. B. Heb- bard, Judge. John P. Jackson vs. Phillips Napa Count; Soda Company (a corporation) and A. Phillips. OPINION. Plaintiff Is the owner of certaln mineral springs in Napa County, California. He has on file in the office of the Secretary of State his_claim to the words, "Jack- son’'s Napa Soda Springs,” as applied to the property, and the words, “Napa Soda” as applie to the waters thereof, These words plaintift has had for many ears imprinted upon the bottles and oxes used in his business. He claims that he has a right to the exclusive use of these words as trade marks or trade names. Defendants have, since the ldDPHon by plaintiff of said names, been selling min- eral yater under the name of *Phillips Napa County Soda” and ‘‘Walters Napa County Soda,” and have had said names imprinted upon the bottles and boxes used in thelr business, such bottles and boxes being ‘of similar size and character as plaintiff’s. Defendants have also sold thelr product as_‘“Napa da.”” Plaintiff claims that the use of sald words by defendants constitutes an in- fringement of his trade mark and has in- jured him in his business. He therefore asks for an injunction. No certain amount of damages, if any, were proven on the trial, and plaintiff in his closing brief waives claim thereto. Defendants’ principal defense is that the word ““Napa' 1s a geographical name and tonnit be made the subject of a trade mar It seems unnecessary to discuss the many cases, some of them conflicting, wherein is decided the questions whether or not a geographical name may be made the subject of a trade mark at all, or whether or not adseosuphlcll name may acquire a ‘‘secondary meaning,” become entitled to protection as mark, because the evidencé in this case shows the adontion of the name for the Springs and for the waters before there was such a subdivision of the State as Ngapa County, or before the name ‘‘Napa' came into our geography. It appears that prior to the admission of Californfa into the Union as a State there was a tribe of Indians living in the neigh- borhood of what is now Napa County, who were known as the Napa Indians. These Indians were the first patrons of these springs, camping In their_vicinity and drinking the waters, and the springs were then called ‘“Napa Soda Springs,” after that tribe. hoever first appropriated springs as private property does r:lnly appear. but it is known that in 555 one J. H. Wood was the owner of and in possession of said springs, bottling and selling its waters, then and known as “Napa Soda,” and that the title thereto, together with the right to use the name of “Napa Soda” came to plaintift by grant, bargain, sale and con- Veyance in 1872, and ever since has been and is now his property. brief history of the case is suf- clent to show appropriation of the mames “Napa Soda Springs” and *“Napa Soda” prior to_their adoption by any other per- son and prior even to the adoption of the name “Napa” by the State for one of its countlies. The following are a few of the many au- thorities which Ull:jvfll’t laintiff in his ap- plication for an injunction under the cir- cumstances of this case: N Congress and Emph abiings Compa ire ings Company ;,-‘ 'h Rock Congress Spring Company, THE NATIONAL NOMINATING CONVENTION. (Copyright, 1900, by Seymour Eaton.) AMERICAN POL ITICAL PARTIES. II. NATIONAL NOMINATING MACHINERY. (Concluded.) BY JESSE MACY, LL. D. The Democrats held a national conven- tion in May, 1832, also in Baltimore, and in similar fashion selected candidates. The proposition for this convention originated in New Hampshire, and the object of those issuing the call was declared to be “to concentrate the opinion of all the States.” “They belleved * * * that the people would be disposed, after seeing the 800d effects of this convention in conecil- lating the different and distant sections of the country, to continue this mode of nomination." The national convention did, indeed, be- come from this date a permanent part of the great “machine” of American party organization, but there were at first some lapses and irregularities. The Democratic party held diverse views as to the wisdom of calllni a convention before the election in 1836. It was understood that President Jackson was determined to manipulate the convention, if one were called, in th interest of Van Buren—the adroit poll clan who had been the successful “man- ager” of Jackson's political canvasses. Some of the State Legislatures thereupon proceeded to nominate a President of their own choice. The convention was held nev. ertheless, but nearly half of all the dele- gates present were from the two States of P4 . (In use Virginia and Maryland, while Tennessee, having appointed no delegates, was repre- sent vy a single Tennesseean, who chanced to be in Baltimore at the time and took ugon himself the responsibility of casting the vote for his State. The del- egation from each Sfate, whatever its number, cast that number of votes to which its State was entitled in the Elec- toral College. Van Buren and Johason were nominated, . No convention was held by the Whig farty in 1836, but several nominations were rregularly made by conventions in States, by Legislatures or by Legislative cau- cuses. From that time to the present na- tional conventions have been regularly held by both the great parties. Development of the Convention. The Democratic party has had a ldnger and more consistent party history than any other similar organization, and was the first to provide itself with a ecomplete- ly organized and efficient party “ma- | chine.” All the early conventions, as well as many of the more recent ones, have contributed something to the final settle- ment of vexed questions of rules and methods, and are all worthy of careful study. The national convention of the anti-Ma- sons in 1830 had little goutlcal significance, but is important as the first and as con- tributing to conventiongerganization the suggestion that each St#e should send as many delegates as it had electoral votes. It was called by a small number of dele- gates, representing ten States, and its members were appointed mainly by State conventions. # 5 The national conventlon of the Na- tional Republicans held in 1831 was called by the party members of the Maryland Legislature, the call being addressed to “‘those who deprecate the election of An- drew Jackson.” The States were asked to send delegates equal in number to their Presidential electors. The delegates were variously chosen; in one State by legis- lative caucus, in four by State comven- tions, in eight by Congressional districts. As the role of delegates was called every man of them, one after another, rose to his feet nnam ave the name of Henry Clay as his candidate. What is called our third natfonal con- vention was a gathering of young men which met in May, 1832, in the interest of Clay’s candidacy. It might perhaps be more properly called a ratification meet- ing, but it is' made important in the his- tory of convention development by the fact that it adopted a series of resolutions, “constituting,” as Mr. Bryce has said, “the first political platform ever put forth by a nominating body.” - Later in the same month a national con- vention of the Democratic party met in Baltimore and effected a more complete organization than had any preceding con- vention. The campaign which followed resulted in the re-election of Jackson. National Convention Rules. The history of national conventions is henceforth largely a history of their rules of procedure. These have been adopted from time to time as the necessity has arisen, and will be found to vary in the two_great parties in accordance with the fundamental principles which have divid- ed Federalists and Anti-Federalists, Fed- eralists and Republicans, National Repub- licans and mocratic _ Repubiicans, Whigs and Democrats, and, finally, Re- publicans and Democrats, from the begin- ning of our national history. Upon the one side is a jealous fear of encroachment upon the rights of te States; upon the other a disposition to strengthen the powers of the Federal Government. _Mul- titudes of other questions have at differ- ent times entered into the contests be- tween the parties and the wrangles be- tween factions within the parties, and on a few occasions in our history the great gulf fixed between the gemles had seemed for the time being to obliterated, but only to reappear as the shifting of minor roblems clears the vision. It is this one asal question which pe: m the days of the constitutional debate in 1787-89, obscured now and again, only_ to return in its full decisive force. Mr. Bryce has pointed out a second principle of “opposition between the parties which he regards as deeper and more pervasive than any other. It is that between two tendenices—'‘the love of I y and the Jove of order,” _the ocratic party standing for the first; the Federalist, the Whig and the Republican party for the "Ifl to the Democratic convention that we must look for the most complete and characteristic development. Jt has had a continuous history of sixty-seven years, while the Whig convention was only achieving _a satisfactory o tion when the party came to an end, and the Republican .. which _succeeded in . has had ‘s less uniform and less king party s . as wel more I"'rlflef. than has had l{s opponent. Choice of Delegates and Their Number us irregularities in respect to the c“l‘l;llt:oof dele‘“ tes and their admission to the convention prevailed in ties for seve: ears. The FIRST GREAT SEAL OF THE UNITED STATES. ber of delegates from each State was Im the early conventions not limited, though the number of votes was restricted to the number of electors. The number of delegates from each State to Democratia conventions was for twenty years fromy' 1852 fixed at double the number of elec- tors, and each delegate was given half a vote. A change in this rule was made in 1572, giving each delegate a whole vou | while the number of delegates remain: double that of the electors. Repub- licans adopted this latter rule twelve | years earlier, and it is still in force im Two delegates from each admitted to blican conventions, with the privilege of voting. | This is designed to develop party feel- | ing and party strength to be made ef- | fective when the Territorles become | States. Democratic conventions give no votes to Territorial delegates. The Two-Thirds Rule and the Major- ity Rule. ~ The first Democrn:l!:: convention adopted a rule declaring “that two-thirds the whole number of votes in the convention has been r rmed (against on in 1835) by every sub- sequent emocratic convention. Whig and Republican conventions require a ma- Jority only. This “majority rule™ was adopted by the Whig convention of 1340, and little else seems to have been con- tributed by that party to the perfectiom of party organization. ey scarcely even accepted the comvention as a na- % : ! i i ? | : LR e e R s B B ] since 1782.) .*9—0—04—0*—0—0—9-0—0*—0%—"—0—0—0—*0—0—0%-0—0*—0*’-06 tional institution is shown by their re- peated discussions as to the expediency of hlolsl.:.m‘ such a convention even as late as The Unit Rule. The first Democratic convention adopt- ed a rule which, though somewhat vague, has been. understood to give to the ma- jority of the delegation from any State the right to cast the vote of the State. This disregards the wishes of the minor- ity in any particular State and at the same time makes it possible for candi- dates to be nominated who are approved by a minority only of the party voters of the country. But as tending to exalt the rights of the State as such, the unit rule has been much favored by Democratic State conventions, which have often in- structed their delegates to national con- ventions to vote as a unit. Under some circumstances the national convention permits individual voting, but never over- rides State Instructions. The wmi convention of 1839 adopted a cumbrous form of unit rule, but it never became a part of the regular Whig pro- cedure. In Republican national conventions the unit rule never gained a foothold, though efforts have been made to impose it upon the RmyA In a rule was adopted which has since been in force. It requires that in case any delegate objects to the announcement made by the chairman of his del=gation, “the president of the con- vention shall ‘direct the roll of members of such delegation to be called and the result recorded in accordance with the votes individually given.” The Platform. In the national convention of the pres- ent the ‘“platform” occupies a conspicu- ous place. It also has a history a growth 21ong with the development of the convention itself, and especial nection with the growth of the idea of the authority of the convention. Three ideas are now seen to enter necessarily into a political platform. There is first a state- mert of the general fundamental princi- ples for which the party stands. Theve aving been once formulated, and as not changing from year to year, may ba merely referred to or assumed in subse- quent documents, Secondly, there is a conscious effort to set forth a specifio policy to be pursued under existing cire cumstances and conditions. And, third, the Jlllfl)m carries with it a ’hd‘:; stated or implied, that the party will true to its historic principles and will carry out the policy outlined. A modern platform does not appear in convention history until 1340, and its development will be traced in connection with our er study of party history. Before that time there were, indeed, many lo popular addresses put forth by local meetings con- taining statements ofuPnrty principles; many criticisms upon administrative acts, n personal qualities and conduct: much expressed admiration or reproba- tion of men and things: but nothing earlier than 1840 will be found to contain the three elements now dee: essential. The document which Mr. Bryce calls our “first political platform' sets forth a s cific policy advocated by the national publicans” as demanded by the time and the circumstances, but neither formulates nor implies the party’s les nor offers any pledges to the people. The Convention Established. Until the national nominating con- vention had become a self-perpetuatin body it could not be regarded as an o-! tablished institution—a permanent party organ. This compl::lon of nia.u%nu party organization may be conveniently associ- g with the year 152, when the convention appointed a’ national centra committee with power to the next national convention. Similar action had been previously taken by the Democrats. For nearly half a century no significant alteration in the procedure of national nominating conventions a stant criticism has follo the conven- tion and its rules of action, as it followed the Congressional caucus. ‘but no at all likely to be successful vet been proposed. COURSES or_gmu’m Spring Term, 1800. Mondays—American Political Par- held at their close as a basis for the granting of certificates. e . Dr. Weil to Visit Dr. Conrad Weil, ex-police surgeon, will leave this week for Paris, where he will attend the Int Medical Con- which is to convene in the near fu- nem«m’.‘eomzm-flm