The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, October 16, 1899, Page 12

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL: HOME STUDY CIRCLE SUPPLEMEN', e e POPULAR STUDIES IN SHAKESPEARE. (Copyrighted, 1889, by Seymour Xaton.) of the Play. e sole inherit THE STREET IN 4 naked hermitag: e of the broken oaths ashi wel as forgotie as the entious and when men belabor ic and ined to , beat not | Charles of ieisure, and Pater it one af the most charm- is charming apprectations, III.—History of the Play. | that “Love's Labor's he earliest of Shake and some of the highest k it as his first independ- al consent puts the date somewhere between 1689 t trouble our When s we e 1gh one f his earl- first draft day. On tlon, & guarto, the first edi- we read: this last 3 sugented are.’ majesty de ed to her favor upon se wit, pathos packing the play- Louses in the suburbs, and commanded ance of is popular dramatic ainment of her court for him to 1. It must ed out with such or- s the author of | “The Merchant | nis command. And | reason. Among the rt who would watch the as a certain black-eyed 1 ¢ lLonor whom Shakespeare loved, i ‘who bad given nim her bluest veins iie would write his love for her p her by the mouth of Others might jaugh over the @ performance, the love which the surface would be a secret But more of this e ter. It is not hard to discover some of the adcitions that Shakespeare made to thq HOME STUDY CIRCLE. SEYMOUR Ea i play in 1597 man 1s | ¢ | her finger on the spot | tyrann ere I g |+ DIRECTED BY PROFESSOR In two pai at least we can see where the printer of the first edi- tion, working probably from a playhouse Tnterlined and with marginal rea has struck off the old and the new ed jumble. The first of these s fa 18 in one confu < ow culogy of love (act iV, scene 3), the second Kosali ment on her love: ineq 1 V.—Points of Special Interest. te of what hs i above as comparat < est of for the g¢ ! reader, there are fes of will etic It is nd we may see in in the germ, g, morous lords nes. And in parry of the weapons t we catch the mind of the young it is a play in which per- author shines out through 1 of the hero, and we see, if ] peare himself, Shalkes- mself to appear in t peara as ¥ the eves of V.—Shakes Art in the Play. e drama shown in the con tion of t ot is of the very slight- The Etc drawn no one knows s a mere peg on which to har d rohe to shun t the live registered upon th. t the best laid schen us king and f a stu , Eang A Prin es upe ene with les, an ambassa- 1 her old father. Of mere late made vows are brok d-his lorg into p i1 an [ r into parley than they fall in and no socner fall in love than they to woo their m! es. The ladles norant af the v ashly made arv roken, rej their court with , till at the clc graver note cross th ver ghte a e d ine the to nd lovers Ir wooing . F eir answer. *‘( = an old play says the Berowne, with half a sich assigned him. ‘““Jack hath > for the year at least, Could” any plot be slighter, brighter! en in the ter drawing we see promise but , O betw Katherine and 1 the humor persons of the play—Armado, Holoferne Ci ollow along lines rictl own in the old comedy- Br: Pedant and the Clowr are sometimes called In the first edition. { But_if any one 8 10 see how much of the wine of wit Shakespeare has pour- ed into these old bottles, one he to re Armado with his prototype. . in Lilly’s “Endymion.” Only in gures of Berowne and Rosaline re the 'prentice hand has been rein orced by the master's ich, do we feel urselves In the presence of a pair of akespeare’s men and women, §o much re alive than the crowds that go abo reet and make though they lived. Berowne, in . Is a masterplece. His ready wit, his firm hold on the fact of life, his unquenchable good humor, ark him as one of the characters that hakespeare loved. He subscribes the ath presented by the King with a laugh- ; protest agalnst its id. . He falls n love and ts at his own folly. I I love! I seek a wite!” With what good-humored malice does he upbr: his fellows when their broken vows come to light; with what easy grace does he confess the fact when his one d perjury s revealed. How elo- defends the oath-breaking of nd of lovers and extols its Viat, I suet n's eyes this doctrine I derive y still ‘the right Promethean fir They are the booke, the arts, the academes, That siow, contal d nourish all the world. Unconquerably sanguine he rises above ach rebuff of his mocking lady, and a epts with whimsical resignation her sen- tence “fo jest a twelvemonth in a howpi tal” If anything was wanting in his character, It was 2 little more of the milk of human kindness, a little more open- eyed perception of the suffering in the world. And this we feel that he will gain. He will finish his year's penanc eadder, but perhaps o gentlor man, . { . Rosaline, the first of tle maa girls “that mock thefr lovers s a fair portr of that temple of the comic #pirit. More than a match in the fence of wit for Berowne himself, yet alw for Y pre- serving a certain decorum which iifts her above most of the characters of the pia is as wise th of her and with e is witty. She know r and his weaknes unerring instinct lays ‘When she turns upon the man ‘‘replete with mocks, fuil of comparisons and wounding flouts’’ and dispatches him to isit the speechles: vith groaning wrs Vith vall the To forca the we feel the fustice as well as the severity of the sentence, at once a punishment and a remedy. Eick and still converse hes, and your gask shall bo, fierce endeavor of Your wit, pained impotent to” sm Dr. Brandes sees in Rosaline and Be- rowne the first sketch of Beatrice and Benedick, and there is a certaln similarity it in the ition. But when we hear Rosa- line e ng over her lover's plight and promising hergelf all the joys of a petty “This same Berowne I'll torture . o are irresisiibly reminded of a gentler lady than Beatrice and a wit- tier mald than Rosaline herself, the pret- page of the forest of Arden, who ied rlando through such a mad cure for the madr of love, being ‘“effeminate, hangeab longing and liking; proud, untastical, apish, shallow, inconstant of tears, fuli of smiles, for every pa n something and for no passion truly anything.” The dawn of Rosaline is the promise of Rosalind. Note—Studies Nos. II ITI, IV and V are by Dr. Parrott of Princeton Univer- sity. The study of “Love’s Labor's Lost will be continued on Monday next. @441 4444 4444490444440 + + + Interest your friends ¥ z in “The Call’'s” Home : Study Circle. An illus- i trated booklet giving + a list of courses will be : sent free upon request : Aasas + G444 4444444444 44444444440 GREAT AMERICAN STATESMEN. I. SAMUEL ADAMS. BY BERNARD C. STEINER, PH. D. To no one does the cause of American independence owe more than to this man | who with vincible persistence and | shretvd far-sightedness so conducted tha’ cause of those among the colonists who op d the taxation of Americans by the British Parllament that a majority of all the British subjects in each colony were | willing to unite in declaring their inde-| pendence from all foreign rule. He was a | typical puritan, upright, firm, determined, | religious, devoted to his cause, somewhat | narrow, but with the narrowness of the sharp-edged sword. He was above all else olitician—a professional and practical § 1y ventures in business His malt hou was ful. s tax collectorship life him soon clo: | involved living on the smail te, he devoted i to political life. s of unblemished integrity. His me rrow tk frugal and devoted wife was at times called upon to aid in the support of the family and he was indebted to friends for the clothes he n debt, and | touched him. man were of the most exalted, though not of the most showy Kind. his exertions in her service through a long cours: gover: subse port of the same principles—his inflexible integrity, his disinterestedness, his invari- ble resolution, his sagacity, his patience, perse nexer Adams was prudent enough to see from the v, the w. dure gle with England. Hope other olutio; red, t thus: Amer in thi desire yvou to their province that, by the united application of ail redress.” ance Adams. In 176! a circular letter to wore, vet no temptation to amass wealth | Massachusetts was the chief offender, but He was above bribery or |she struggled for a principle whose im- GREAT AMERICAN STATESMEN. (Copyrighted, 189, by Seymour Eaton.) THIZ SAN FRANCISCO CALL'S HOME STUDY CIRCLE. g SEYMOUR EATON. DIRECTED BY PROFESSOR Love of country, e of years * * ¢ under the royal nment and through the whole of the quent revolution and always in sup- verance and pure public virtue were exceeded by any man in America. ery first that Boston alone or even hole of Massachusetts, could not en- successfully the burden of the strug- To secure even the of success the co-operation of all the colonies was necessary. In the res- ns of 1764, to which we have refer- he 2ecessity of united effort is stated “As his majesty’s other North ican colonies are embarked with us s most important bottom, we further use your endeavors that weight may be added to that of this whe are aggrieved, all may obtain This insistence on the import- of united action was never lost by He continued to struggle for it, 8 be induced the Legislature to send the other colonies. uence by mon Adams was a faithful son of Massachusetts and Boston. Until he went to the continental Congress 4 he seems never to have left his na- State, nor indeed to have ever gone v distance from his residence. Except his journeys to attend @ various of ‘which he was a member, he seems never to have gone from home! ers might hold foreign embassies; for m Boston was all sufficient. In Bo: his influence was long supreme. Th Governor of M set d him ‘“‘the grand incend province,” for the whole of Massachusetts fl v the Boston town meet- | moderator and master of that { ng w : enter nto arly, but from 1765 when he wa c¢ted as a represent- | ative from Boston to the great and gen- court, to when he resigned the Governorship of the State, his whole time was devoted to the service of the people. It was noted that he cared not to discuss | social, scientific or religious matters with friends; all his thoughts were on politics, and in old age his favorite theme was the struggle with Great Britain, in which he had borne so great a part. Upright him- self, he insisted on civic virtue and strove to draw promising and able young men | into public_service. His kinsman, John Adams, and John Hancock, whose wealth and sition were of great value to the col ere two of those he in- troduced into polit: Through a long career we find but little to criticise in_his actions from a moral point of view. He was doubtless somewhat disingenuous in his treatment of the let- ters of Governor Hutchinson and in some of his arguments, but the wonder is rather that in the heat of controversy he was swayed so little from the path of abso- lute rectitude. He cared not for personal advancemen: and seemed to feel little bitterness when the people set him aslde for a time. Adams trusted the people and believed that their decisions as to men were right. To in- fluence the decisions as to measures he applied himself with the utmost vigor. He was born in 1722, and educated at | Harvard College, where he took his bachelor’'s degree in 1740, and his master’s | | degree in 1743. 1t was afterward remem- | bered, as a presage of his future, that his | master’s thesis was an afiirmative answer | to the question *‘Whether it be lawful to resist the supreme magistrate, if the com- monwealth cannot be otherwise pre- served.” | ‘When 26 years of age he began furnish- ing to the newspapers the first of those long series of articles on government which had so much effect. ments were forcible and logical, lsed few mataphors and quotations. his writings were not gracefui, but they we,-e' never dull and were always convincing. i In these first essa"’s tdeas expressed as again in Jater year: common interests, make use of it to im- poverish and ruin us, is In a degree a | | rebel—to the undoubted rights and liber- | ties of the people. He that leaves no stone unturned to defend and propagate | | the schemes of illegal power cannot be es- teemed a loyal man.’” | Toiva. fook:a States. e [ dams e iy 00K e JClsen ulorant dn ‘F"Irs(b(?gnhrnemal Congress, and served in that body for seven years, or the end of the war, SR colonists he longed for independence, and at one time, discouraged by the slow prog- ress of the other o Y towhsa har o8 ceptance of that idea, he thought of g separate independent confederatl, New England colonfes. Tl and had the joy of seel resolution” for duced by his friend, R. I Vith the achievement of 1 | {ng chief work was do: RdEpendence wenty years of useful serv fhtm, T eainy ice ahead for | prepared in popular education, and his first public | office was that ©of school visitor, to which he was appointed in 1753. His whole course | of effort against Great Britaln was what we would call a “‘campaign of education.” | He appealed chiefly to the intellects of his | fellow-citizens, though he was too skill- ful to omit altogether the appeal to emo | tions. When the stamp act showed the | policy of Great Britain toward America | he drafted his first public paper, a series | of instructions to their representatives, | adopted by the Boston town meeting on May 24, 1764. He stood steadfastly for the principle of no taxation without repre. sentation, and, unlike Otis, discerned from the first that representation of any sort | iin the British Parliament was lmpracfi-l cable. In these early resolutions he | claims that the stamp tax “annihilates | our charter rights to govern and tax our- | scives. It strikes at our British privi- | leges, which, as we have never forfeited | them, we hold in common with our fellow | subjects who are natives of Britain, If taxes are laid upon us in any shape, with- out our having a legal representation where they are laid, we are reduced from the character of subjects to the miserable state of tributary slaves.” Adams ad- | vanced from this position €0 s to main- | tain, in 1773, that Parifament had no right | to légisiate' for the colonies in America. | The attemipt of the British to seize him and Hancock Just before the battle of Lexington was not a mistaken one. He | had been the very forefront of opposition. Governor Bernard had found him an in. vine opponent, Governor Hutchinson had succeeded no better, though he had | Been Torn and brought up In Massachs setts, and Governor Gage was shortly to be driven from Roston because of the activity of the colonists which Adams had aroused. His kinsman, John Adams, said of him: “The talents of that greaf portance w. s state rong language ( | | to record his history. | fer not to look backward, and the new | But Ruskin, whose words open this How is this to be brought about?” The | plan left to the general builder, the contractor, whose business it is to make | suggestions under each head | real nature of building !in the slightest the discovery made by all | HOME SCIENCE--HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY. (Copyright, 1899, by Seymour Eaton.) THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL'S HOME STUDY CIRCLE. DIRECTED BY PROFESSOR SEYMOUR EATON. HOME SCIENCE AND HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY. I I. THE HOME CONSTRUCTION. BY HELEN CAMPBELL. | | If men lived like men indeed, their houses would be temples, which we should hardly dare | injure, and in which it would make us holy to be permitted to livi * v 1 would have, then, our ordlnarf‘ dwelling houses built to iast, and | built to be lovely, as right and full of pleasant- ness as may be, within and without, and with such differences as might express each man's ¢haracter and occusation and partly his his- ory. In our American life. with its perpetual grasp for something better than its past has known, each man may be said to build a house to escape from rather than The majority pre- house enshrines no memory of the early days of its owner, which may have been | in dugout or log cabin or in one of the | uncompromisingly hideous littie boxes that make the suburbs of many_ cities. | pa- per, is, as usual, right in his demand J\:\! the house of man shall be something it seldom occurs to us to make it—a temple wherein ordered and harmonious growth may be a part of the daily life. The house should be the best and utmost expre: | of the home spirit; the best adaptation of means to ends; the utmost convenience and comfort for all under its roof; the greatest ease in necessary work; the best space for individual as well as family life as and Cheap are the to last as much brain can contrive, curtall in whatever building houses ‘“‘made first consideration. Hou | and to improve with age have not yet en- | tered our thought of construction. | show for the money spent and to skimp s out of sight. to s s made At this point ‘we see, then, certain needs defining themselves, and we may well group them under their distinct | heads. We are to consider a. The Indlvidual b. General sani o' M efr handl d. Construction and its eth In the limited space at command only | can be giver but it is hoped that the reader will gain | from them some new thought as to the nd_what it may We have stand for in every human life. first to consider, then, The Individual Plan. It will at once be insisted that there can be no need of this, in face of the fact that we h many books, lar) and small, all devot to the plans for all sorts and conditions of men and their | dwelling place There are admirable ones to be mentioned, but this does not affect who buy a house that they would have | built it quite otherwise at certainly one, and it may be many points. It is but very recently that the architects’ confer- ence in one of our great cities brought from one prominent member a recom- mendation that they turn their attention | to the architecture of farm houses, an a better future thereby for the farme wife and children, at present compelie to live In structures of a hideousne: culated to kill out the sense of beauty as thoroughly as we find it killed out in" the s of our people. s is one phase, and it applies to workmen’s houses of all degrees. An- other and quite as important one is that according to the different pursuits of the mily should be the type of room of- ed them. A pair just beginning life together may take the average flat or small house. But presently, with chil- dren and their needs to consider, it is equal to all the colonies. We never think of the colonies as actu- uffering from oppression, though the of their documents often that as a fact. What Adams strug- gled against was the validity of a doctrine which would make oppression possible. In that struggle he often thought that in this ve g cause. nist Jun ince t sidered as whole. ! body of which e liberties of the whole are invaded, there- fore, the interest of the whole to support | eachl fndividual with all their weight and | influence. A he managed the colonial cause, keeping ing-board houses this form of cure is im- within constitutional measures, was clear- | possible, but it need not be. Plan, then, ly shown. His newspaper articles, pub- to these ends, and see if there is not in- lished as was the custom of the day un- | stant gain in the conception of the mean~ der some such nom de plume as “Can-|ing of a house and what it is to stand fory dide,” glld mduch mdcrysmmdze lt,he opposi- | in the family life. tion. His descendant and biographer, | San Wells, rightly calls him “the trus fathes Genesal ifary o snects. of Democracy in Amerlca, whose voice _This heading means a volume. To un- and pen were emploved for the common | derstand it fully there should be some ure time of common distress it would be the wisdom of the colonists more frequently to correspond with and to be more atten- tive to t ar ar circumstances of | each other. “It seems of late to have| been the policy of the enemies of Americ | to point their artillery agains ince only and artfully to d | tention of the other colonies, and, if pos- sible, to them, while it is to render that single province odious suffering ministerfal ance for the sake of the common But it is to be hoped that the colo- will be aware of this artifice. At this n attempt to subdue one prov- potic power is justly to be con- an attempt to ensiave the The colonies form one political | ach {s a member. The 0 dé the (;Iouds thickened his masterly re- | for the invalid, If there be one, or the | ance to s continued and the skill with whic! the ill-judged British polic people: and he labored to build up Amer- ican liberty, not only by public measures, adapted to this end are named in the Ift- by cultivating an but pende trol o individual inde- | nce of thought among the working | classes as the true basis of national free- lom."” So successful was he in his con- f the people and so did he wield his power that in 1770 Hutchinson was obliged harbo {to withdraw from town to the fort in the r the two British regiments, who | had been engaged in _that unfortunate af- | fray known as the Boston massacre. the same year, through his influence, the | tilation, heating and lighting, a set of Assembly appointed a committee of ‘cor- | questions at the end of each delightfully respondence *to communicate such intel- | queer little chapter clinching all doubtful ligenc In | e as may be necessary to the agent and others in Great Britain and also to the s through the continent, or to such com- ' learned. mittee of correspondence as they have or house planned for as much sunshine as may appoint. carries His style of | tion of the town of Boston in November, writing was clear and incisive, his argu- | 1772, appointing a like committee to “state | Adams | the rights of the colonists, and of this province in particular, as men and Chris. tians publicly the same to the several we find the same | and to the world, as the sense of this | statad again and | town, with the infringements and vigla- | SI9€ OT_coolness ‘Whoever acquaints | tions thereof that have been or from tima us that we have no right to examine into | to time may be made.” So strong was his the conduct of those who, though they |longing for confederation of all America derive thelr power from us to serve the | that he always sought to include Canada | in the continental combination. The harbo! when Adams mittee to distribute the donations which | came the and, did m needs as well as for his State's he insisted on our preservation rights to the Newfou o o ndland fisherfes. | gress, as Sccretary of State, State’ as a After in the oppon bitter turn. ist, sire tution | convention, while {in the form of a b!?l of stanch supporter of law turbul people of Massach eI chusetts honored him betwe {up in nd lieutenant | the g death. et was convinced that the people de- peakers of the several Assemblies This idea was still further d out by the more famous resolu- and subjects, and to communicate | towns | destruction of the tea in Bost r was managed by Adame-an the port bill closed that harber s acted as the chairman of the eom. 80 generously from. the othes | He was chosen a member of the Earliest of all the ! lonies toward the ac- He won, however, ng the adoption of | independence intro- . Lee." ne. There were still He was one the articl. his service uch to build uj of those who es of confederation, on the marine board, P the navy, for whose interests, of our He on- g and wh B constitution was prepared fi: ‘s‘x:t useful member of the convention. retiring from Congress we find him Massachuseits Senate as strong an ert of Great Britain as ever and against allowing the Torles to re- He was classed as an anti-federal- in his absence from C the adoption of the . and ‘voted therafor intheas ot in the ratifyi; rOpOSIng amendminty l'lugndu. rdHa lwll!hl order in t of Shay's rebellion. The | to ong standing disa, | en himself and Hancock was o | 1788, and after serving as councilor | 1 fmvernnr he succeeded to | overnorship in 1783, at Hancock's By successive re-elections he held | e (Continued in Bixth Column.) ent time | shine | old. | nervous | sential. | every sound is heard throughout, and no | of | in constant use. | quite | also what constitutes a good cellar and found that the nursery, or the living room which must perhaps serve this purpose, has no sun and thus is mads unfit for the growing child, whose birthright is sun- and the strength and healing it means for all. With the departure of the shioned garret, one playground for the child—an invaluable one, since it gave room for infinite ‘“‘make-believe’—van. ished also. own pl preferably rooms as po: days may not 1 | Yet the child should have its spot as red from interference, remote from the other ble, that his noise on rainy interfere with others; a e for collections of all orders, for toys and books and the tools the child loves to use, and which are part of the training in use of hand and brain to- gether that presently we are all to know | is the first essential of education. All this is to be planned for, and it is often possible to modify or alter the for- mal plan of the architéct and secure this space. But the least skilled draughtsman can take pencil and paper, think out the family needs as they have demonstrated themselves, and see first how to make a rough plan; then how to make the avail- able space tell to the utmost for family comfort. No matter how small the sum, it will be better to do without a formal parlor, we will say, have a living room ample and generous, and put the money aved into deadened floors and the best finish. This matter of deadening floors is seldom thought about, vet for the most | QL’OD‘E in Christendom it is es- We all know the houses where escape for tired mother, for ailing baby, | patient who wants only quiet and rest to | come to strength speedily. In our sound- very earnest stu and the books best tle bibliography accompanying this paper. The shortest, most compact and most ractical is a manual prepared under the directlon of one of the ablest of American women, Mrs, Ellen H. Richards, profes sor_of chemistry in the Boston Institute Technology. “*““Home Sanitation” is its title, and it covers the ground for both city and country as to the situation of the house, its drainage and plumbing. its ven- points. There are many elaborate manu- als, but this and one or two others cover all the ground and must be thoroughly A dry and well-drained soil, a possible in every room, and perfect drain- age are the req‘uisnes for even the sim- r)es( dwelling. In the city the size of the ot determines much. In the country it can always be remembered that it is by no_means necessary to face the streef, and that turning the house door to the side may give the sun impossible from the front. Storerooms are better on the north and the spare room, used less probably than any other, can much better dispense with sun than those A little thought over the general plan will settle many questions of this nature. Materials and Their Handling. This is a matter supposed usually to be beyond the comprehension of women. Yet every woman can in a short time learn the difference between good and bad mortar, between seasoned and un- seasoned wood, between well-iaid courses of brick and the makeshift which marks much of the cheap buildings She can learn good foundation, and how a cellar floor should be made, with the virtue of ce- ment and the value of smooth celiar walls. These are all phases of home sani- tation, and honest materials honestly put together are an equal part of it. Crocking walls, settling and uneven floors, base- boards shrlnklnf away and doors saggin are all part of lack of knowledge or lac! of honesty on the builder's part. We are a hasty genp]e and kiln-dry our wood, with no thought of the consequence. And we are wedded to wood when all about is another materlal, more beautiful, more durable and in many places less costly. Common_‘“rubble,” the loose stone of the neighborhood, put together with good mortar and a course of brick here and there, over windows, doors, etc., as fin- ish, will make a house beautitul to look at, beloved of all climuing vines, and pic- turesque under all conditions. Or there may be a story of rubble and brick and the upper portion finished in wood. But more and more architects—the thinking ones—urge the adoption of stone and brick and give models within even very narrow means. Construction and Its Ethics. Practically this is in great part included in the heading ‘““Materials.”” But there is another Foml seldom thought of in the matter of flimsy or substantial structure, and that is the educational effect of hon- est wnrkmlnnhlr. Wwhether in house or its finish and furnishing. The day for gin- gerbread work in house finish, thé cheap and most unbeautiful production of the ligsaw, is fast passing. Sanitation is teaching us that smooth surfaces are not only more healthful, since they give no lodgment to bacteria, but are also more beautiful. Veneers, save where wood is of 8o costly en order that It must so be ! |II. THE HOME ENVIRONMENT. | ground has afready been appropriated and | | told us in a popular magazine how to | as one of his used or not at all, are also out of date. But we still put cheap finish whenever we can, covering half-mixed mortar in walls with gay papers and making all out o sight construction of the poorest qual of wood. Our public buildings share often the same fate because the sort of con- science that would not admit poor can- ruction is not yet part of our teaching. ‘These things are, whem we are a little wiser, to be a necessity in all education, and when that good day comes even our politicians will have been so drilled in what constitutes honest building that we shall have a new order of homes and of public buildings. Here again we have the possibilities of a volume in our title, but being held rig- idly to the limits of a column or two can | only outline certain points that bear upon | all homes, whether rich or poor, In city | or country. ¥our phases preseiit them- | selv a. A new thought about bullding. . Possibilities of a back vard. Building for privacy. . A new phase of factory work for the home. aow _ This question of the home environment | is, like all the rest that bear upon ways | of living, made easy or difficult by the depth of ‘the purse. But for the rich or | th of moderate Eurse must be first of me sense of beauty and fitness, or the story of their lack will be plain to | read in évery line of the building and jts surroundings. The country home should seem to have grown naturally in the spot where we find it, even if set close among its neighbors. The city house is limited | in expression by the narrow space upon which it stands; yet even this, as we | e, s capable of different is’ already recelving it. “town and village that has to the sense of beauty sufficiently to | the best arrangement and planning | fous whole, it is still possible to nstruct at least a part of the space | ied. The time is nearing when the t settlement will he subject to id down by competent authorities, | shall presently treatment, and But for ever: come WS d every house will be planned with re. | ion to its effect to the whole. Now | and from the beginning it has all been chance work, and the thought of a gen- eral unity of plan and effect absolutely unknown. Ppblic buildings have been at | the mercy of mere contractors, and each tn\‘n has been a mere jumble of incoher- encies, A change in this respect means a whole handling of every g; the growth of the civic and of that sense of a common obli- gation to make the most and best of every oportunity for larger, happler living. To this end a group of friends who propose building could easily take counsel to- gether,” pool their resources, employ 2 thinking architect and start in wit a | deflnite coneception of what plan of plant- ing and building would produce the best results. The very fact of having begun with this uni purpose would give a different expression to the whole. As we do and always have done, a town, even with the best natural advantages, fails to show them to real advantage. The wealthier people are planted in the best places, and when it is presently discov- ered that parks and boulevards and free access to a lake or river, for instance, are public needs, every desirable foot of | everybody wonders why nobody thought about it in the beginning. Some thought and plan, then, is what all must take with them who make a | country home. Suppc however, that one must live in a block? Even then we | are by no means so helpless as we have believed. The great apartment houses have shown us how much comfort can be increased by the lessening of labor, a common heating apparatus and plumbing | system doing away at once with some of the heaviest labor of the private home, | the care of the fire and all the dirt and trouble of coal and ashes. A well-known Brooklyn buflder, Alfred White, who put | up the first model tenement houses, has since built ‘a block of small houses, the | first one in this country, about an open | court with fountains, trees and shrubs. o millionaire’s house has more perfect finish, and building an entire block at once the expense for each house was so reduced as to enable the landlord to rent them for less than the same sum charged | for individual houses. On a_small city lot there seems no chance for change. Not long ago one of our best and most progressive architects, Russell Sturgis, build on a city lot so that there might be an _actual front yard planted in such fashion, all given in detail, drawing by drawing, that the street seemed quite put away. Note—Mrs. Campbell's studies will be | we have begun all this we m | edly a vivid power of | Titian's art, HOW TO STUDY SHAKESPEARE. (Continued From Column Three, Page One.) he gives an illuminative decision (“Win- ter's Tale,” IV, iv, 89 ff.): Nature s Made better by no mean, But nature makes that mean Which you say 2 0 over that art is an art ange it rather, but Finally, when he sp: fthe elegancy, facility’ and golden cac has at once named the unlettered mq the quantity of ich” the 8f ters are the quickest to_ appreciate the charm. Shakespeare studied nature but he labored at and the measure of his success in touch: of men ained. v iooking six things. We is_the perfection wi So we may, if we in Shakespeare for the may see how he loves, veals man in brute a human body—in perplexes, amuses mid other hi trikin, d e never misleads ¢ erials for deciding how Shakespe: ultimately mple’ true moral r pon the nk of each of his fmportant characters. We may perceive how he is inter to uphold the moral order of the world, as revealed in social and polit- fcal institutions, those d how he last who are guilty of attempt to subvert this moral : he bestows honors with a la pon those who are cerned in ning it. We shall n discover, on closer inspection, that the dramatist has but slight sympath with other worldliness, with the spir that, regarding man as a nger and pil- rim on the earth, delibera sets its af- ection on things' above. Next, we may follow his pencil as, with vigorous or ten- der touc ints for us the bjects in the w E. us an object but associating them in them by reciprocal action and as he does with his human bein alone, >ups or uniting influence, gs. When at length the study Shakespeare g wonderful art by enabled to perform these marvels, and investigate the means by which they were actually brought to pass. Yale University. Note—The Shakespeare studies will be published on Mondays and Thursdays. The study of “Love’'s Labor's Lost” will be commenced on Thursd THE WORLD’S GREAT ARTISTS, (Continued From Column Five, Page One.) color effects, not forcing the note, not making a flaunting display of technical mastery, nor seeking vivid contrasts. He is sober and harmonious, tending more and more, as he advances in years, to- ward a single color note, flooding the sur- face with light and obliterating outlines. This makes hi t quite an impres- slonist, so that to appreciate many of his late pictures it is necessary to obtain the right distance and focus hefore the proper effect of color and form can be under- stood. At close quarters they seem biur- red and carele But beyond ‘the wonderful coloring { which so often gives just the intoxication | of a Venetlan evening ther: was undoubt- racterization in portraits have “Young Man whether hi. the clear outlines of the With the Glove” or are impressionistic like the “Antiquary Strada.” If the mas- | ter's art is perplexing in its variety of tages, It is due to his long life and the changés in contemporary art: if it is ur even in its quality it is because his la ity was not proof against the temptation of pot boflers—and for this his age was more to blame than he was. Certainiy the fact that his nature was impressiona- ble has made him a radiant refiection of the sensuous life of the late Venett: renaissance to a degree that would have been impossible to a more self-poised or solitary genius. Princeton University. continued next week. GREAT AMERICAN STATESMEN., (Continued From Fourth Column.) | the post until 1797, when he retired from ublic life. He died on October 2, 1803, aving ‘‘through a_ long life exhibited,” riends said, ‘‘on all occa- sions an example of patriotism, religion and virtue honorable to the human char- acter.” EVERY HOME Boadf Hoes | TIE PACIFIC COAST Johns Hopkins University. e THE .. SHOULD HAVE ITS Home Science HOME AND Household Economy Series of Articles Will Be Edited by the That You OTUDY CIRCLE Organize at Once so May Be Brightest Women of Fully Prepared to Pur- the Literary World. HEADS OF HOMES sue the Full Course to Be Presented Dur- ing the Winter Months. Please Interest Your Will Find This an In- |Friends in This Excel- teresting and Instruc- |lent Educational Fea- tive Course. ture.