The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, May 4, 1899, Page 6

THE SA JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Address Al PUBLICATION OFFICE Telej LDITORIAL ROOMS Communications to W. S. LEAKE, Manager. Market and Third Sts., S. F e Main 1868 217 to 291 Stevenson Street 1574, CARRIERS, 15 CENTS PER WEEK. es, 5 cents. . Including Postage: CALL One Year. CALL, One Year. s are author pies will be forwarded when ve sul P! requested. OAKLAND OFFICE.. 908 Broadway NEW YORK OFFICE Room 188, World Building DAVID ALLEN, Advertising Representative. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE. Wellington Hotel C. C. CARLTON, Correspondent. CHICAGO OFFICE -+« 05 110 oo o . Marquette Ballding EORGE KROGNESS, Advertising Representative. AMUSEMENTS. 2. ree Theater—Vaudeville every afternoon and Ellls streets, Speclalties. larket street, near Eighth— et AN INADEQUATE QUARANTINE. “IROM the appearance of a case of smallpox at I the 2 the soldiers recently by the transport Sher- | antine inspection was not 1eeds The disease ted to find its way into the city in of the emergency. ertainly, and it will be due to good to good management if further lady do not oceur hat one of the passengers on the llpox about fourteen days ort. No other the voyage, and after de- e of the ine for two days after her concluded the danger engers to r crew and pa tion was based upon the belief | that smallpox germs xteen da if rvive that period they would | iced at the sta- | 1ysicians and that any fumigation prac case at the Presidio effectively disproves such | he disease germ lurked with unabated wing itself, during the whole not destroyed by virulent work on red to prevent it and was w begun it e 1eq quarantine station | ling with h to hold a ship at the sta- | s had passed since a death reover, the purifi- | must be attended | ce of the inadequac: ce has been given. We should not have such diseases. ox among her crew. f the ship and of her crey to with greater care. One evid e sery THE IMPORTANCE 0}5 FLAX. | O proved UR recent reference to the experiments made | a Walla penitentiary in the manufac- in | ng It is developed that im- nery for conversion of the fiber into | tow awaits an opportunity for trial, and that the | double crop of seed and fiber is possible. We import | largely of Calcutta linseed oil for use on this coast, and | 1s no good reason why we should not pro- t all here. The tariff on linseed oil is 20 cents on, raw or boiled; on flax tow it is $20 a ton, xseed cents per bushel of fifty-six re of grain bags from flax tow, raised ia, has roused considerable interest a pounds. The success in using our flax tow with the jute machinery of Washington penitentiary would indicate that it is time for our farmers to take advantage of the protection given by the Dingley bill to the flax | e bottom lands of the Sacramento, | Feather and Yuba rivers no doubt offer as good ad- | vantage can be found anywhere for growing flax, | me may be found in the San Joaquin Val- | It is a good crop for rotation, and where the | production of seed is sufficient to warrant the use of the oil mill the use of the oil cake in feeding stocki returns elements of fertility to the soil. In Tulare ‘ asing attention is being paid to dairy | and there is much land there adapted to | The linseed oil cake would find a ready mar- | t of a dairy ration. y | the spring many Farmers’ Institutes will | be held all over the State, and those who attend them | should secure some information from experts on the | cultivation and preparation of flax. This crop was | produced by the pioneers in the States of the Uppcr: Mississippi Valley, where it was retted and the fiber | pre 1 and woven into a coarse but very durable | tow for garments. As the domestic loom was re-i tired from service flax came to be raised for the seed alone and was found profitable. We have no statistics of the production per acre of seed and tow, but they are attainable and should be studied. The first point for experiment is with the jute machinery in San Quentin. Two industries are quite peculiar to California and are related to our permanent resources. These are the manufacture of grain bags and that of fruit boxe Anything that affects them is of vast and enduring interest. It is supposed that the annual consumption of bags is about sixty millions. If the raw jute import prove an ;mnoying*ompe— tition the tariff can be at any time amended to ex- industry. 1 the sa: ranching, ket as a clude it. It is only necessary to demonstrate that this | State can produce the raw material for all the bags used, and there will be no lack of protection. As we have intimated, this most primitive use of flax tow may lead to the discovery of localities where its more refined uses for linen fabrics can be carried on. Its extra quality for that purpose having been al- ready demonstrated in Belgium, when a crop is pro- | duced experiment will go on here. This State has spent some public money and offi- cial effort upon the production of silk, and we have produced it to discover that the industry is not fitted to our labor system. The opposite is the case with flax. Now all that is required is that the Prison Directors pay some official attention to the matter and secure the tow required for experiment on the jute machinery. MAY g4, 1899‘ bay resort. Amusements eval’!} | censor. 'THE RUSSIANIZATION OF FINLAND. | HE CALL has already referred to this subject, \ Tto which throughout Europe the deepest inter- | est has been attached. The preparations for the | International Peace Conference at The Hague and | the extirpation of Finnish autonomy and of Finnish liberty proceed side by side. The Czar, who initiz'xted the conference and who uttered the pithy expression, “Power must honor right,” needs no transformation of identity to reveal the duality of his nature. He simultaneously enacts the characters of Dr. Jekyll and of Mr. Hyde. Finland is an ancient country, possessed of an ad- vanced civilization and pervaded by deeply religious sentiment. As early as 1157 she was attached to Sweden, but was substantially governed by her own | laws. Allusion has been already made in these | columns to the solemn oath taken by Alexander I, in | 1809, when she was annexed to Russia, in which he promised to “confirm and establish the religion §nfl | the fundamental laws of the country and the privi- | leges and rights of every class,” embracing the Lu- | theran clergy, the burgesses and the peasantry, and ‘ “to maintain all these privileges and laws firm and | unbroken in their full force.” This oath was renewed | by each of his successors, and by the present Czar at the deathbed of his father. It was further confirmed by positive statutes or governmental rules, in which, ? by section 4o, it was provided that “the ruler may not | create new laws or abolish any old law without the consent of the Diet,” and by section 71 that “unani- mous consent” was required. Section 83 enacted that the fundamental law or the constitution of Fin- j land should “remain unchangeable,” except through | the same parliamentary unanimity. On April 3, I8§g, | by Alexander II these rules were declared to be ir- s | revocable. It is these sacred and repeated guarantees that, by | his imperial manifesto of February 15, 1899, the prcs-! ent Czar has wantonly repudiated. As far back as July of last year he had exacted a new and oppressive army bill from an extra session of the Diet. He has now placed the Diet itself, which consists of four | chambers, under the control of the Russian Council | of State. He refused to receive the highest officers of the Finnish local government, sent to plead for the life Finnish institutions. One of the most pathetic memorials ever framed, signed by 527,000 Finns and taken to St. Petersburg by 500 deputies, representing 11 the electoral wards of Finland, he declined to hear and answered by abruptly directing the deputies to return to their native country. He turned a deaf ear to such touching words as these, offered with an admirable mixture of deference and firmness: “And the right of a weak people is as holy as that of the greatest nation— love of is before Al- mighty God a grace from which it never should turn.” In order to prove the extremity of his determination he has destroyed journalistic liberty and inaugurated a plan of exiling the Finns who even passively re- sist his tyrannical edict. Every article published in the local press must be sanctioned by an official s country | censor, and the newspapers received from Finland | are mottled with blank spaces, the proofs of the exercise of this arbitrary authority. In Helsingfors | lately an editor devised the expedient of printing literal texts from the Scriptures on the accountability of rulers, which he sent by a boy for the inspection | of the censor. “Who composed them?” inquired the | “God,” answered the awe-stricken messen- | ger. “Off, you rascal—tell them this is shameful,” was the close of the brief dialogue. Christian people all over the globe will observe with indignation the power of a petty autocrat to suppress the publication and the possible transmission to his imperial master of sentences impressed under both the Lutheran and | | the Greek creeds with the authority of the King of | kings and Lord of lord “Ifaman * * * swear an oath to bind his soul with a bond he shall not break his word.” “‘He that ruleth over men must be just.” “It is an abomination to kings to commit wicked- | ness, for the throne is established by righteousness.” The partition of Poland left an ineffaceable stain upon the three powers that divided its territory. The wholesale destruction of the constitutional govern- ment of the God-fearing and civilized Finns, habitu- ated for centuries to the exercise of some at least of | the inalienable rights of freemen, and the obliteration of their nationality, is an equally heart-rending | tragedy. Their patriotism is deeply impressive. Their developed resources, their industry, their fru- gality, their ‘artistic perceptions, are worthy of uni-‘ versal respect. Their principal city, Helsingfors, | founded in 1550 and in 1819 made their capital, is | architecturally beautiful and filled with educated and | refined inhabitants. Their university, established in | 1640 and subsequently removed to Helsingfors, is a splendid pile of buildings, where both sexes find the higher education accessible, under a faculty that re- ceives the general recognition of scholastic Europe. Their history is pervaded by romance, as their lake- studded land, with its old castles and its medieval relics, preserved in the midst of modern development, shines under the northern sun like a succession of gems. Their national epic, the Kalevala, is one of the valued possessions of literature. To the Finnish people Alexander II, who was true to all his pledges, | is a heroic memory, and around the base of his mag- nificent statue they gather in thousands, in the deep- | est mourning, and scatter beautiful flowers; while they sing their national songs, including “Our Land,” composed by their great poet, Johan Ludvig Rune- berg, which is considered by many critics to be among the finest of the melodious tributes to pa- triotism. The Russianization of Finland is a harrowing spec- tacle that appeals to the heart of Christendom. The | educated classes in Russia witness this rapid destruc- tion of a nation with silent displeasure. Leo Tolstoi | boldly applauds the tenacity with which the Finns cling to their “rightful interests.” In Great Britain a committee, mainly composed of members of Par- liament, is acting vigorously, large protesting meet- ings have been held, in which Liberals and Conserva- | tives have united in their denunciations, and a news- | paper called the Finland has been established to aid in subjecting the Czar to the pressure of that public | opinion which is the voice of the civilized world. There are between three and four thousand Finns in California, and many thousands in other parts of the United States. If we can spare time from the work of annexing the Philippines and remember how the eloquence of Webster and other great Americans | aided the emancipation of Greece and self-govern- | ment in Ireland, some public manifestation of sym- ’pathy with the Finnish martyrdom would be a re- | freshing interlude in the drama of American im- perialism. The Finns are far closer to our race than | the Tagals and Vizcayans. o i e If any further argument were needed against the expediency of permitting Governors to appoint Sen- ators when Legislatures fail to elect it would be found in the fact that it is now proposed by the executives of California and Pennsylvania to appoint such men as Matthew Quay and Dan Burns. PR e It looks as if it would be advisable to put the quar- antine itself into quarantine for a while and see if it could not be made to attend to business better. FRANCISCO CALL, THURSDAY, MAY 4, 1899 - TRADE COMBINATIONS. LOSELY following the movement staried in C San Jose to form a combination of prune- growers along lines similar to those which have led the raisin-growers of Fresno to prosperity comes the undertaking of an enterprise to form an association of California fruit-packers for the promotion of that industry. It will be seen, therefore, that it is not in the East alone the advantages of such combinations are appreciated. California has learned the lesson and has profited by it. All recent experience proves that in a considerable number of industries something is gained in economy by every enlargement of the unit of control. Three or four small railways that are unprofitable when operated separately become a valuable property when converted into a trunk line and placed under a sin- gle management. Small mills and factories that have ceased to be paying investments are made profitable when combined in a single corporation and operated on that basis. This experience has taught the industrial and com- mercial world the expediency of forming large com- binations wherever possible, and, accordingly, in all the progressive nations of the earth such combina- tions are now common. It seems to be destined by the working of an unavoidable law of economic de- velopment that certain industries must be carried on hereafter upon a large scale. Only by great combi- nations of capital, by the establishment of large plants, and by purchasing supplies and selling products at wholesale rates, can such lines of business be conducted profitably in face of the intense com- petition of our times. The only question of doubt in the matter is to de- termine what industries can be profitably developed in that way. Up to this time the teaching of expe- rience seems that most rural industries are most profitable when conducted on a comparatively small scale. An orchard of a thousand acres rarely yields as much in proportion as one of ten acres, nor have the big ranches of many thousands of acres been as profitably worked as small farms. On the other hand, most manufacturing work has been found to be profit- able exactly in proportion to the extent of the plant and the annual amount of the output. The line of separation between the two classes of work, however, cannot be drawn along that which distinguishes farm work from factory work. There are some kinds of rural industry, like that of sugar- producing, that can be best carried on when under- taken upon a large scale, and, on the other hand, there are several kinds of manufacturing work that are better managed in small shops than in large fac- tories. The prevailing tendency of the time, however, is toward the formation of large combinations, and it would appear that fruit-packing is one of the trades that can be best managed in that way. It is an in- dustry that is exposed to the illegitimate competition of adulterated or sophisticated fruit preserves, it has to contend against the practice of false labeling, which prevails to such an extent in all parts of the United States, and, finally, it is a trade that has to seek markets in all parts of the world, and therefore needs large capital or a thorough system of co- operative management for its full development. Certain it is that California must follow the great States of the East and the nations of Europe in this respect, or her industries will be crowded to the wall despite any protection that a tariff can give. As was recently stated by Governor Flower of New York, | any combination which enables an article of staple use to be placed upon the market at a cheaper rate to consumers is sure to be profitable if judiciously man- aged. That is the principle on which all great com- binations for industrial enterprises have been made, and its soundness seems indisputable. l have taken steps to protect consumers against fraudulent and impure foods. An act has been re- cently adopted which is said to be very stringent in its nature, and the supporters of the crusade for pure food are sanguine it will produce results of the high- est benefit to the community. In fact, the Inter Ocean says if the Legislature had done no more than enact that one law it would not have assembled in vain. We have had reasons for suspecting that California has been the dumping ground of all kinds of adul- terated food, but evidence submitted to the Illinois Legislature inclines to thé belief that Chicago has fared worse than San Francisco, and that the peo- ple of Illinois have been consuming not only worse things but a much larger variety of worse things than have ever been dumped into our market. Adulteration of food is now practiced to such an extent that even the cheapest foods are no longer pure. Articles sold to consumers at so low a price that one would suppose any sort of adulteration to be unprofitable are still subject to fraud. Thus it is noted that a man in search of New Orleans open kettle molasses could find only one place in Chicago where the unadulterated article could be secured, and this in spite of the fact that the pure article costs only 18 cents per gallon. He found hundreds of places where an article was sold in neatly printed and la- beled tin cans, “guaranteed pure N. O. O. K. mo- lasses,” but not a grain of the golden yellow sugar— a sure test of the pure article—could be found in the bottom of the cans. It is recognized that a considerable proportion of the adulterated foods are not absolutely harmful to health, and therefore the Illinois law permits the sale of such articles provided they are distinctly labeled and branded so that every purchaser may know exactly what they contain. An important feature of the bill refers to candies and confectioneries, as it has been found that much of the cheap candy is so adulterated as to be virtually a mixture of vile com- pounds and seriously injurious to the health of chil- dren, who are the more tempted by it because they can get what is commonly called “an all day lick” for about a penny. By a curious clause of the law it is provided that it shall not go into effect until July, 1900. That gives the dealers in impure food something more than a year in which to work off their frauds and their poisons. The law in effect declares that certain prac- tices are fraudulent and dangerous, and yet in defer- ence to those who are engaged in them the suppres- sion of them will be postponed until all the vile stuff now on their hands can be disposed of upon an un- suspecting public. Bad as that provision is for II- linois, it may perhaps be beneficial to the rest of the country. Had the law been put into force at once the Chicago adulterations might have been shipped clsewhere and other communities would have suf- fered because Illinois is virtuous. PURE FOOD LAWS IN ILLINOIS. LLINOIS is now to be added to the States that e ———— The twelve monkeys which were thrown overboard from the transport ships to prevent the spread of smallpox died in vain, and it is evident the practice of quarantine by drowning harmless animals is not a success. v —_— “Shaking the plum tree” yields very pou‘r fruit as a rule, but we seem to have got the worst green Gage ir the bunch. O*Q*m*0*@*0*0*0*0*9*9*0*0*0*0*0*@*0*0*0*@*0*@*0*0*@-)'r@-)(-% ¢ LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE: W@*é*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*é}*@*@*@*@*@*@*@*0*@*@*@-}(— CHINESE EDITOR. ON POLL TAX. as I do the honesty and impar- al, I take the liberty of acd- to a practical grievance affect- * To the Editor of the Call—Dear Sir: Knowing tiality of your widely read and influential journ: dressing you on the present occasion in regard ing the Chinese community. gI am perfectly well aware that the poll tax should be lawfully an:beqzx‘!;:zg assessed, but I respectfully maintain that all subject to the tax shoul e‘ce s allke. Many a time and oft it has been my unhappy experience to inmthe o rough and rude, not to say unjust, way wherein Chinese are treated in it lection of the tax. How different is the treatment accorded to men otdm e tionalities! It is by no means unusual for Deputy Assessors to stand a e i a same time the immediate pro- ferry and rudely assail Chinese, demanding at the mmetiale s duction of the poll tax receipt, under c¢ircumstances very E Chinese self-respect, and tireatening, should the request not be :;nmf:i]:;:fz complied with, to take away by violent means whatever property the © . may have in their possession or carry in their hands, while Americans and {wo- ple of the other nationalities are treated with justice and courtesy by the very same Assessors. Nor should it be forgotten that Chinese on their return from their native land are forced by the Deputy Assessors on their way to Chinatown in wagons to pay the poll tax, failing in which their trunks and other effects ars taken possession of, to be redeemed only when the friends of the Chinese de- liver to the deputies the $2 demanded. As some of these Chinese are country mer- chants, it is oftentimes very uifficult for them to obtain at once §2. 3] In conclusion, Mr. Editor, thanking you for your courtesy, I may be permitted to add that I like all my countrymen to comply with the law, but at the same time I hate to see them treated as an inferior class of human beings,‘ Yours respectfully; TONG K. CHONG, Editor of San Francisco Chinese Worid. FEATHER RIVER IMPROVEMENT. Editor San Francisco Call: Congressman Marion de Vries of Stockton came up to view the Feather River Saturday, at the request of the citizens, as they wished him to see the necessity of obtaining immediate aid from the Federal ‘Government. The navigability of Feather River is of vast importance, as it is the direct outlet for a large scope of valuable productive and rich sectlon of country. | Levee District No. 2 has been fighting the battles alone for the last twenty- five years, which has been such a burden that the property holders have be- come very much embarrassed, and if Government aid is not recefved Feather River will cease to be navigable soon and a large scope of valuable country be Nicolaus, Cal., April 25, 189 Editor San Francisco Call: ism is not democracy. Thousands are bold stand you have taken against what Palo Alto, April 25, 1899. ruined. Feather River has never had any Government work done on it yet, and it is_high time something is done to keep it in the banks. IMPERIALISM, NOT DEMOCRACY. You're all America 1 and any other genuine American cares to recognize. J. J. WATSON. right. Keep hitting it. Imperial- GRAIN CASES T0 BE DISMISSED BY THE STATE sty Attorney General Ford Files a Notice. WILL BE HEARD ON MONDAY g ok COSTS TO BE BORNE BY EACH PARTY. PR N Forty-Three Thousand Dollars to Be Taken Out of the Treasury and Nothing to Show for It. Ly Pursuant to instructions contained in the Blackstock resolution adopted re- cently by the Board of Railroad Commis- sioners, Attorney General Ford y day filed in the United States Ci Court a mnotice to the Southern Pa Company that next Monday morning a 10 o'clock he would move to dismiss action brought by the railroad company to restrain the Commissioners from put- ting in force the reductions in the freight schedule adopted by the previous Board of Railroad Commissioners. The motion to dismiss will be supplemented by a mo- tion that each side pay its own costs. The Blackstock resolution rescinded and repealed the resolution adopted Septem- ber 26, 18%, reducing grain rates 8 per cent and reducing all other classes of freight 2 per cent. As the suit was brought by gaining more encouragement from the amounts to treason against the only G. L. REES. | STEAMER RIVAL GETS BACK FROM CLIPPERTON BROUGHT FOUR PASSENGERS FPROM THE ISLANDS. Transport Leelanaw Sailed—Ship- wrights Visit Mare Island—Fred Muller Loses His Memory. 1ne steamer Rival arrived from Clip- perton Island terday after a passage of thirteen days. She brought four pas- sengers and cargo of guano for Macondray & Co. The passengers were men who were left on the island last year to work the guano beds and get a cargo ready for the return of the steamer. It was quite rough while the Rival was at Clipperton and it took considerable time | to lighter the stuff from the shore to the | The men who returned from the v island say the crabs are just as big as | ever and Clipperton the dreariest spot | on tna face of the earth. | B. A. Holmes, who was for a short | | time Deputy Surveyor of the Port, then customs inspector on the front, hasbeen | appointed a clerk in the Appraiser’'s build- |ing. Mr. Holmes is one of the most | courteous men in the employ of Uncle Sam and his host of friends will be de- lighted to hear of his promotion. The transport Leelanaw sailed for Manila yesterday. She carries a number of mules for the army and the arms and ammunition oft one of the light batteries now in the Philippines. S A delegation from the Shipwrights Association visited Vallejo Tuesday and organized a branch there. A large num- ber of members of the craft are engaged in the navy yard and at Turner's Benicia vard, and they gave the visitors a right royal reception. After the business meet- ing there was an entertainment and speeches_were made by Messrs. Varney Drebell Sr., McCullough and Lavery. visit was paid to tue navy yard yester- day and the San Francisco contingent was surprised to see the number of im- provements that had been made. It was | the consensus of opinion that one of the | proposed warships should be built at Mare Island in order to keep the splen- did force of mechanics gathered there to- gether. g Fred Muller, for eighteen years in the employ of the Pacific Coast Steamship Company, suddenly le~+ his memory yes terday. He cannot even re. ember his own name, but his friends are hopeful | that he will get all right again. Muller is suffering is known as aphasia. AROUND THE - CORRIDORS rom what ‘W. T. Ellis, the Marysville capitalist, is at the Palace. Judge C. C. Bush of Redding is a guest at the Grand. E. Jacobs, a Visalia capitalist, is stay- ing at the Occidental. Sheriff W. P. Harkey of Yuba City is at the Russ with his wife. George Tinker and wife of St. Louis are registered at the California. S. W. Wible, » large land owner of Bakersfield, is staying at the Lick. F. C. Lee and wife of San Jose are among the guests at the Occidental. Rev. J. de Soyers, a clergyman of St. John, N. B., who {s making a tour of the world, is at the California. Dr. A. N. Conture of Auburn, ex-Sher- ifi Thomas Cunningham of Stockton and D. R. Oliver, a mining man of Stockton, are at the Lick. C. C. Wright, a prominent attorney of Los Angeles, who drafted the irrigation law which bears his name, is at the Lick, accompanied by his wife. G. W. Hale of Sonora and W. H. Clary of San Andreas, mine owners who have extensive interests in Tuolumne County, are among the arrivals at the Lick. Ben P. Tabor, an Auburn attorney; G. W. Crystal, a merchant of Vacavill ‘William H. Hilton, a Glen Ellen rancher, and Robert N. Bulla Hf Los Angeles are registered at the Grand. Ulysses S. Grant Jr. came up from San Diego last evening to meet his brother, Brigadier General Frederick D. Grant, who is expected to arrive shortly from the East on his way to Manila. J. K. Burnham, a prominent citizen of Kansas City, is at the Palace with his wife and two daughters. They are here on a pleasure trip and will visit the va- rious points of interest in this State. —_———————— ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. A HALF-DOLLAR—F. M. M., Oakland, Cal. A half-dollar with rays around the cagle and bearing fhe date of 1853 does not command a premium. One without rays around the eagle and without arrow heads at the date commands a premium of from $20 to $30. McKINLEY'S ADMINISTRATION — A Subscriber, City. This department has not the space to give “an outline of the important events of McKinley's adminis- tration,” but if you will read up “Cur- rent History,” or the “Review of Re- views,” you will be able to obtain the de- sired information. BICYCLE RIDERS—A. S., San Lean- dro, Cal. If there is an ordinance in San Leandro prohibiting persons on bicycles from riding on the sidewalks, and if such persist in riding on the walks and after Larrest for running down and injuring peo- ple, escape conviction, the remedy lies with the people of San Leandro. SEA SHELLS—A. S., Alameda County, Cal. This department cannot give the name of “some reliable firm in this city or Oakland that deals in sea shells, etc.,’ because it does not advertise any firm. Persons asking for information, the an- swer to which amqunts to an advertise- ment, should in letters of inquiry inclose a self-addressed and stamped envelope. NO SUCH FIGURES—A. E. L., Brent- | wood, Cal. There are no figures in a tab-. ulated form that will give the amount | expended in California during the fi 1] year 1897-98 for beer, malt, hops, liquors, wines, taxes on breweries, distilleries and retail dealers in the articles named and | in tobacco. It would take a research of the records of every county in the State | and then only an approximate sum cou be obtained. CE OF WALES—-Old Reader, | The Prince of Wales landed at St. John July 24, 1860, for his American tour. He remained on Canadian soil for sev- eral weeks. While in the United S he visited Chicago, 3t. Louis, New Yo Boston and several otier prominent He was met at Washington b Buchanan and visited the partments of the Government, visited the tomb of W, Vernon. A POINT IN CASINO—H. K., City. In | playing casino a player may throw a card on one on the table, say a four upon a ! five, and call it nine; the next player can place an ace on that build and call it ten; but at the time he does so he must | have a ten to take it with in case the | first player has not a ten with ch he can take it. Should (he second player | not have a ten he would be charged with | having made a false build and he would | forfeit the game. 53 —— | OLIVES—J. H., Ci Dr. Remondino, | at one time a member of the State Board of Health, said of the olivi tion is better than cure, Americans should ! cultivate the taste, habit and use of the olive; it is eminently and essentially na- ture’s food for the variable and either ex- treme weather of the middle regions, where animal fats would be injurious dur- | ing the nearly tropical heat of the sum. mer. Statistics have shown that among the French troops serving in Africa those coming from the southern and largel olive consuming provinces are mnot as subject to hepatic or liver diseas their more animal-dieted fellow soldie :“‘«)mlng from the Rhine or Belgian b er.”’ MEDICAL STUDENT—H. L. M., City. | Students who desire to matriculate in the | medical department of the University of California must undergo examinations for admission unless: | Applicants who present certificates of having successfully passed the examination for ad- | mission to_the College of Letters or the Col- leges of Science of the University of California, or of some other recognized uniwersity or col- lege; present diplomas or certificates of gradu- ation from the University of California, or of some other university or college; present di- plomas or certificates of graduation from recog- | nized high schools and academfes; present a | diploma or certificateof graduation from a Stafe | Normal School of California, or of any other | State or Territory. Applicants who do not present any of the credentfals named above will be required to pass a satisfactory examination in the sub- jects embraced in a thorough English educa- tion, including elementary phvsics and ele- | mentary Latin. - WAGON TIRES—J. S., Smiths River, | Del Norte County, Cal. The following is the law of California in relation to wagon tires passed by the Legislature of 1897: The width of tires for wheels upon wagons or other vehicles to be used upon the public high- | ways of the State of California shall.be for the tollowing styles of wagons as follows: Two and three-quarter inch steel or thimble- | skein axle, 1% Inch tubular steel or iron axle, | Tot less than 3-inch tire; 1% inch steel or iron axle, 2% inch tubular or fron axle, not less than | 3%-inch tire; 3 inch steel or thimble skein, 1% | inch steel or iron, 2% tubular steel or Iron axle, | not less than 4-inch tire; 3% inch steel or th ble skein, 1% or 1% steel or iron, 2% tubular steel or iron axle, not less than 4%-inch tire: 3% inch steel or thimble skein, 2-inch steel or fron, 2% inch tubular steel or iron axle, not less | than 5-inch tire; 3% inch steel or thimble skeln, | 234 inch steel or {ron, 3 or 2% inch tubuiar steel | or iron axle, not less than 5%-inch tire; 4 inch | and larger steel or thimble skein, 215 inch and larger steel or iron, 3%-inch, and larger tubular | steel or iron axle, not less than 6-inch tire. Other styles of axles shall have tires of the same width as those of equal carrying capacity above enumerated. All interme- diate axles shall have tires of the same glgth as the next larger size above speci- ed. or- THE TELEPHONE—Subscriber, City. The principle of the telephone—that is to say, that sounds could be conveyed to a distance by means of a distended wire— was demonstrated by Robert Hook in 1667, but no practical application of the prin- ciple was made of the discovery until 1821, when Professor Wheatstone exhibited his enchanted lyre, by which the sounds of a music-box were conveyed from a cellar to upper rooms. The first true discoverer of the speaking telephone is said to have been Johann Philip Reis, a German scien- tist and professor in the institute at Frederichshof. On the 25th of April, 1861, he exhibited at Frankfort his telephone, which contained all the essential features of the modern telephone. He failed to arouse an interest in his discovery, and died in 1874 without having reaped any advantage from it. In the meantime the idea was being worked into more practical shape by Professor Elisha Gray and Pro- fessor Alexander Bell, and later by Thom- as Edison. Gray's successful experiments antedate those of Bell, but the latter was the first to perfect his patent. On Febru- ary 12, 1877, Bell's articulating telephone was tested in Boston, Mass., and sounds were distinctly heard at Salem, eighteen miles away. The Examiner of Patents at ‘Washington, D. C., on July 21, 1883, de- cided that Professor Bell was the first | finish. If preven- | | S | A | M the railroad company to prevent the Com- missioners from putting the new rates in- to effect, and as the obnoxious resolution has been repealed, it is believed that the railroad company will not oppose the mo- tion to dismiss, suit their the purposes of in an having been accomplished er way. The motion that each side pay its own costs is to the advantage of the railroad company, for the costs accrued on be- half of the State, according to Mr. Black- stock’s estimate, have already reached upward of $43,000, and according to the estimate made by the Attorney General in his report to the Legislature they would amount to $110,000 if fought to a This would be a neat little sum for the railroad to pay in case it should be defeated in the trial before the Cir- cuit Court, as it certainly would be. But the majority of the Board of Rail- road Commissioners have removed this item of expense to the railroad corpora- tion and have placed it upon the shoul- ders of the taxpayer: NEW YORK ARION. Preparing for Festivities in This City on a Grand Scale During Next August. The following-named committees been appointed to take charge of grand festival of the New York Arion Musical Society, which will be held in this city from the 11th to the 13th of next August. The festivities will, it is as- serted, exceed anything of the kind that has have the ever taken place in San Franci 2 Finance—H. Plagemann, (chairman), W. Bogen, Theodore Dierks, W, Ehrenpfort, E. L. Hueter, C. Hermann, Williagn John, W. C. Hildebrandt, K. Meussdorffer, T. F." A. Ober meyer, gerann, John H. Sievers, J. F. Siebe, 7. Stange, Cha Thiérbach, Robert Behlow, Dr. Charl Reception Georg H. Bahrs, 4331 g, Charles Hansen, August Junblut, J. L. ter, C. Kenitzer, Dr. H. Kreutzmann, Dr. Max Mag- nus, R. Mohr, H. Plagemann, John H. Siev- Claus Spreckels, H. Westerfeld, J. G. Rapp. Entertainments—Dr. Max Magnus _(chair- man), W. Dieffenbacher, H. Dunk, Wililam Knopf, F. R. Kummer,' George C. Sneider, C. F, 'Wacker, M. Winter, C. A. Zinkand, P. | F. Kohnke, Albert F Plagemann, >. J. Weniger, Wiikens. ay Excursfons—Ed Schnutenhaus anj), F. Attinger, H. August Jungblut, Gustav R. Wienecke, Paul Weste; Meussdorffer, Ferdinand Zinkand. Press—E Hueter (chairman), F. Berin- ger, Dr. Max Magnus, William Kropf, George C._‘Beauchamp. Music—George Sneider (chairman), B. Holz- hauer, Paul Scholz, George Purlenky, Dr. Joseph Sand, H. A. Wegener, H. G. Plage- man. Decorations—John H. Sie: Otto, Oscar Kunath, G ch, reld, rs (chairnian), E. Rau, G. Tritten- e combined membership of all commit- act as a committee of the whole. — e Cal. glace fruit 50c per b at Townsend's.* et Special information supplied daily to business houses and public men by the Press Clipping Bureau (Allen’s), 510 Mont- gomery street. Telepnone Main 1042, * — e tee Trunks, valises, pockethooks and dfar- ies goods, best values at Sanborn & Vail's, 741 Market street. . The Chief Hero. Little Edgar—Papa, who was the great- est hero of the war? Papa—Captain Bibbleson, I guess. His magazine story is three pages longer than any of the rest of them has written.— Chicago Record. —_—ee—————— Rock Island Route Excursions. - Leave San Francisco every Wednesday, v Rio Grande and Rock Island rallways. Through tourist sleeping cars to Chicago and Boston. hager and porter accompany these excur- cions through to Boston. For tickets, sleeping car accommodations and further information, address CLINTON JONES, General Agent Rock Island Ral 4 Market st., S. F. ay, —_— Ve Shake Into Your Shoes Allen's Foot-Ease, a powder. It makes tight or new shoes feel Cures Corns, Bunions, Swollen, Tired, Sweating, Aching feet. 30,000 testimonials. At all druggists and shoe stores, c. Ask to-day. Samvle FREE. Address llen S. Olmsted, Le Roy, N. Y. A S. Physicians will tell you Dr. Siegert's Angos- tura Bitters is the best of all tomics and stomach regulators. Druggists sell it. A Fuzzler. uperstitious?” ;. a little. What about it? y’ wanted to ask you what kind of luck it is for a left-handed man fo see the moon over his right shouldec?’— “Are you s Baking Powder Madem pure cream i tartar, | Safeguards the food against alum. the i e LA o . e e inventor because he was the first to complete his invention and secure a full patent. [ROYAL BAKING POWDER CO., NEW YORK..