The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, June 28, 1898, Page 6

e e Call E 28, 1898 Th JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. W Address All Communications t EAKE, Manager, P 2o Siste S Bl SO0 PUBLICATION OFFICE......Market and Third Sts., S. F. | Telephone Main 18S. i EDITORIAL ROOMS ..217 to 221 Stevenson Street | Telephone in 1874 | England be followed, it says: THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL (DAILY AND SUNDAY) Is | served by carriers In this city and surrounding towns | for I5 cents a week. By mall $6 per year; per montb | €5 cents. THE WEEKLY CALL OAKLAND OFFICE.. NEW YORK OFFIC] 2 DAVID ALLEN, Adver WASHINGTON (B. C.) OFFICE. Riggs House | C. C. CARLTON, Correspondent. | CHICAGO OFFICE...... -Marquette Building | C.GEORGE KROGNESS, Advertising Representative. | One year, by mall, $1.50 | | -...-908 Broadway | Room 188, World Building | ing Representative, | RANCH OFFICES—527 Montgomery street, corner Clay, | cpen until 9:30 o'clock. 387 Hayes street, open until | 9:30 o'closk. 621 McAlllster street, open untll 9:30 | o'clock. 615 Larkin street, open until 9:30 o'clock. | 1941 Mission street, open until 10 o'clock. 299! Market street, corner Sixteenth, open until 9 o'clock. 2518 | Mission street, open until 9 o'clock. 106 Eleventh | street, open untii 9 o'clock. 1505 Polk strect, open | untll 9:30 o'clock. NW. corner Twenty-second ana | Kentucky streets, open until 9 o'clock. | | | Cross Benefit | lle and Cannon, the 613-pound Man. d Eddy streets, Speclalties. | 1% boating, fishing, every Sunday. | AUCTION SALES. i — | By Frank W. Butterfield—This day, June 25, Furniture, at | venue. at 1l o ciock. 104 Golden Gat THE EXPECTED, HAPPENS. f HEN the news of the great sound money vic- | ’\ tory in Oregon was under discussion at Wash- | that picturesque Populist, Lewis, is | quoted as having said: “We dragged the Repub- | licans into this war, thinking we had digged a pit for our neighbor. Now we have got it where the chicken | got the ax.” | ingtor ree silver men are not as cynically candid as It was foreseen at the time that before long me of the silver leaders would set up the theory | that the war is a part of the great gold conspiracy, and that it has been undertaken by the administration for no other purpose than that of enabling the gold men to carry out their wicked schemes by distracting | popular attention from financial issues. That which | was expected has happened. In a recent issue the Denver Times says: “The | Republican party managers, assisted by the full power | and influ Lewis. s¢ e of the national administration, are mak- | k the currency is- swe by a prolongation of the war with Spain. By this means they doubtless hope to divert the public mind from study of the financial question, and under the enthusiasms of a patriotic war gradually wean them from the bimetallic caus This cry having been begun it will soon wax louder | By and by we may | expect to hear that the gold men bunkoed Bryan | into enlisting and then shanghaied him out of the Such a campaign cry as that would make many a silver district howl during the coming ‘can- and in all probability prove as effective as any | other. It is a strange change, however, from the assertion made by Bailey not long ago that “this is a Democratic war,” and by Lewis that the Democrats | dragged the Rip: into it. Iing Congress which is to assemble at Salt Lake City early in July is receiving considerable atten- tion in the East, and even in Europe. According to reports it is probable delegates will be present from all the principal mining countries of the world and the gathering will be one of the most notable ever held in the West. The proposed congress is an outgrowth of the gold miners’ convention held at Denver last year. That assembly was successful in so many respects that it encouraged the holding of a larger assembly draw- ing its delegates from all parts of the world and repre- senting all branches of mining. At the congress, therefore, the whole wide field of mining interests of all kinds will be considered and the results can hardly fail to be both interesting and instructive. The assembly is certain to promote the movement started by the miners of California to provide for a better governmental supervision of the mining in- terests in this country. Although the United States is richer in mineral resources than any other nation in the world, and has a larger mineral output than any, less has been done for the industry by our Gov- ernment than by many others. The Denver convention, following the lead of the State Miners’ Convention in this city, declared for the establishment of a Department of Mines and Mining with a Cabinet officer at the head. The same course will probably be taken at the coming congress. Cer- tainly it is time to provide for a better supervision and regulation of the vast interests and industries in- volved in mining, and to bring about that improve- ment will be one of the most important considerations with which the Salt Lake meeting will have to deal. T ——— ing strenuous endeavor to sidetra and become wilder and madder. country. blicar THE MINING CONGRESS. T is gratifying to note that the Infernational Min- One of the evening papers presented a picture of the departure of the third expedition which is worth saving. It would not look well in an art gallery, but as an addition to the curios in the park museum would be hard to beat. It can hardly be believed that Campos desires to establish a dictatorship. He is about the only Span- ish statesman with a reputation for sanity, and he ought to cling to it. Even if the Merrimac does not completely block the channel to Santiago harbor Cervera thought it did, and the effect was about the same. Qe Unless the string attaching Camara’s fleet to Cadiz be pulled pretty soon there will be trouble with Ca- mara at the unpleasantest end of it. . TR R “Despair rules in Havana,” says the telegraph. Well, there is necessity for rule of some kind, and. Blanco seems to be incompetent. It would almost seem that the patriots already reaching for rich jobs in the islands had chipped into the game rather early. | Bishops, the lords spiritual and temporal. | this effect: | nothing which it prohibits. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, JUNE 28, THE EXAMINER'S DEMOCRACY. —HE Examiner in searching for argument and ’_] authority to back up its “great national policy,” including the annexation of Hawaii, debts and coolies, and the purchase of West Indian coaling stations, creates what it wants and argues from it as if the fact existed. Advising that the example of * x * “Fngland’s institutions are as free and democratic as our own.” This throws light on the Examiner’s ideas of free- dom and Democracy. England maintains a state church, supported by tithes, and not by voluntary contributions. Of this church the monarch is the head. It is true that there is religious toleration and the coronation oath has a clause protecting the independence of the Scottish church, as provided in the Act of Union 37o1. But all bodies of noncon- formists exist and are administered by voluntary act | of their communicants. Again, England has entail and primogeniture. | When Jefferson, who used to be quoted as authority on freedom and democracy, set up in Virginia his working model of this republic, he separated church and state, abolished tithes and put an end to entail and primogeniture. This gave absolute religious cquality and freedom, and enabled the partition of estates equally between the lawful heirs, instead of entailing to the oldest son. According to the Ex- aminer, Jefferson was wrong, and a union of church and state, primogeniture and entail are right, and constitute institutions “as free and democratic as our own.” It has been held heretofore that freedom of inheritance and liberty to acquire and to distribute real property, and non-union of church and state, were peculiarly the jewels in the crown of American democracy. Perhaps the Examiner will now put their abolition and a return to all that Jeffersén abol- ished among the features of its great national policy. England has a House of Lords, as the upper cham- ber of her Parliament. It is composed of Peers and These are not elected by the people. They hold their of- ices by virtue of their birth. The lords temporal are the beneficiaries of primogeniture and entail. As such an institution is declared by the Examiner to be “as free and democratic as our own,” it should go back to the policy of the Federalists and advocate a Federal Senate, wherein the members hold for life and transmit their office with their estate to their old- est sons. The Examiner’s idea of our Government is fur- ther expounded in the same editorial utterance, to “It is in the power and right of Con- gress to devise any sort of system that may apply to the conditions of such outside dependencies, and this power is in no wise limited by the national con- stitution.” That is enough to make the framers of the con- stitution groan and shiver in their dust. The Na- tional Constitution, Article 1, Section VIII, says: “The Congress shall have power,” and proceeds to enumerate under eighteen heads the powers and authority granted to Congress. Then, in the ninth amendment, adopted by Congress at its first session in 1789, is this: “The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respec- tively or to the people.” Hence not even the widest latitudinarian in construction of the constitution has ever pretended that Congress, or either of the co- ordinate branches of the Federal Government, can exercise any power or authority not granted to it by the constitution. The Federal Government, created In that instru- ment by the people, is one of granted and enumer- ated powers, and is limited to those powers exclu- sively. The historic rule of construction laid down by the writers in the Federalist, and followed to this day, is that the Federal Government may do only what the constitution grants and the States may do The Federal limitation of power is in the terms of granted authority. The State limitation is in the terms of prohibited author- The Examiner jumps this all, and declares Con- gress to be “in no wise limited by the constitution,” ity. | and that it can use powers and exercise authority not | granted by that instrument which creates it. In the light of this monstrous proposition the people may see what lies ahead in the annexation of Hawaii. Unlimited by the constitution Congress may set up in the islands such labor system as “the conditions require,” a system at war with that given | to us by the same body. In this way the addition of every such “dependency” will mean the adaptation of legislation to tropical conditions and the need of clieap and servile labor to compete with home labor | paid and living on a white scale and in temperate zone conditions. If anything were needed to alarm fabor here and warn it of coming distress this Examiner declaration supplies it. fl of Representatives has disclosed the fact that 140 Republicans —two-thirds of the party strength in the House—are in favor of taking action upon the currency bill at this session. Upon this showing a warm debate has sprung up in the East upon the expediency of the suggested policy. There are those who hold that the House should do what it can to bring about the needed monetary reform at once, and throw upon the Senate the responsibility of delay. There are others who maintain that as it clear the bill cannot be carried through the Senate, it would be inadvisable to precipitate that issue upon the country during the war. The New York Mail and Express, a strong cur- rency reform paper, opposes an immediate considera- tion of the question on the ground that the financial affairs of the Government have entered upon a period of great and important changes. The national debt is increasing, there will be some inflation of the cur- rency from the issue of treasury certificates and the enlarged coinage of silver and the results of increased taxation will have a modifying effect upon the finan- cial affairs of the country. All this may produce monetary conditions a year hence which could not be anticipated by any legislation enacted now. The argument on the other side is that the public mind is ripe and ready for the reform. The passage of the measure would be the tactical and logical se- quence of the great sound money victory in Oregon. As one of the earnest advocates of prompt action has said: “It would be the occupation by the main body of the position conquered by the advance guard. Those of the people who remember the past and foresee the future are urgent for the Republican party to complete its work in financial legislation by the permanent insurance of the currency system from po- litical attack.” ; The Call stands with those who favor action by the House at once. If there is to be further delay in settling this long vexed issue the responsibility should be placed where it belongs. The busingss interests of the nation have suffered a great deal by THE CURRENCY QUESTION. RECENT canvass of the members of the House lthe postponements of monetary problems in the past, 1898. and will continue to be harassed more or less so long as they remain unsolved. The very arguments used by the Mail and Express against action tell strongly on the other side. Since the public debt is increasing and the currency is being inflated, it is | time to place our whole monetary system upon a sound and permanent basis. A LESSON FROM THE NAVY. UBLIC interest in the war has led the average | pciliz:n to give closer attention to military and | naval affairs than has been his custom, and as | a consequence he is learning much. Out of the new knowledge have come new ideas. There is a grow- ing belief that we might profitably apply in our civil | administration some of the methods of the army and | navy, and suggestions to that end have been put | forth in different parts of the country. | The Albany Argus, for example, has found what f it considers a good precedent to follow in the case | of Engineer Menocal, who, it will be remembered, | has been recently court-martialed for neglect of duty. X"I‘he Argus puts the case thus: “Instead of giving | his personal attention to the work, Menocal trusted it to his inferiors, and employed such men as the pressure of politics might put upon him. The pro- ceedings, findings and sentence in the case have been | duly approved by the acting Secretary of the Navy; | and Menocal is suspended from duty for three years, | on furlough pay only—and why? Because he de- | liberately set out to defraud the Government? No | such evidence appears. The worst offense charged | against Menocal was neglect of duty.” The Argus maintains that there are many officials in charge of State or municipal work in New York who ought to be dismissed as promptly as Menocal, | because they have been equally negligent. The as- sertion will probably go unchallenged. Certainly it would not have been challenged in this State had it been said of California and her various municipali- | ties. It is therefore to be regretted, since the foun- dation of its argument is so sound, that the Argus not point out the means by which the removals could be made, and suggest the body to be intrusted with the duties of the court-martial. A court-martial by the Board of Supervisors, by | a Grand Jury or even by a committee of the Legisla- ture would not be a spectacle to be proud of. The actions of such a court-martial, constituted either way, would hardly do more than add another funny episode to the great farce comedy of American polit- ical life. It is better to bear the ills we have than fly to others we know not of. enough getting along with the officials in charge of the construction of the Hall of Justice under the ex- isting order of things, and it might be something like the opening up of hades if there were a local court-martial, as well as a Board of Supervisors and a Grand Jury, before which we could hale the archi- | tect and the contractors. A | up. They were taken in by a detective attached to the Police Department on suspicion of having de- | frauded a resident of Fort Bragg of $10. This gen- | tleman called at ther station soon after they had been landed and identified them, whereupon they were “booked” on a charge of robbery. Of course, it is proper to commend the detectives for the prompt arrest of these two pea and shell game- sters, but while withholding from them nothing that is their due, we cannot refrain from inquiring why | they do not perform their duty in anorher direction? It is notorious that Gavin McNab and his partners, Gould and Alford, are playing a pea and shell game upon the Democratic party of this city. Why are they not arrested ard locked up? Smith and Jack- son were taken in for defrauding a verdant gentle- | man from Fort Bragg of $10. McNab has already bunkoed 30,000 Democratic voters in this city and is abcut to play the same game upon the entire Demo- cratic party of the State, comprising upward of 125,- 000 men. He openly declares that he intends to ap- | point one-third of the State Convention and to nomi- natc the entire Democratic ticket in this city. | Why do not the police lock up McNab, Gould and | Alford? That is the burning question. They take Smith and Jackson in for stealing $10. McNab and his two coadjutors have not only stolen the Demo- cratic organization of this city, but they are about to [ steal a portion of the State organization. What is | the character of the thing we call justice in San Fiancisco? Are small rascals to be punished and big ones left to ply their nefarious arts unmolested? As we understand it, the pea and shell game, as played by “Whispering” Gavin, is irresistible. This is to say, the Democracy is compelled to guess the location of the pea. It cannot escape the blandish- ments of the wily Scottish boss, for he has it in the door. Even if it were sufficiently wide awake to beat McNab at his own game, that worthy would finally get away with it, for he has control of its organization and may resort to “raw” methods any time he pleases. Tt is idle, therefore, to warn the Democracy and suggest that it strike for liberty. It is impossible for its voters to shake off the iron grip which McNab, Gould and Alford have upon its throat. There is but one thing to do and that is to cail on the police to arrest the three pea and shell operators. Why should Smith and Jackson be be- hind the bars and McNab, Gould and Alford at large? All pea and shell men should be treated alike. | | TREAT THEM ALL ALIKE. CCORDING to a contemporary Gus Smith and Bob Jackson, two pea and shell game men, It is hard to understand how the Government of- ficials can have the slightest excuse for the fact that some of the men from Tennessee should be in need of food or shelter. That celebrated “state of un- preparedness,” which has covered more sins than char- ity ever could, is out of date. Even the riches of the Klondike, whatever they may be, are not worth trying to reach in a rotten boat. Survivors among several sets of prospectors believe this fully now. An exchange writes of Weyler as a man “who has outlived himself.” It is realized with regret that he has also outlived a considerable number of better people. ‘When Spain’s Minister of Marine says Camara can crush Dewey he draws attention to himself as a viru- lent type of the Spanish diplomat. Perhaps the rumor that Spain has some new war- ships is due to the fact that she sees the ghosts of those she used to have. ‘When the rcpox;t that Captain Bob Evans has been killed expects to get believed it must not come by way of Madrid. General Shafter seems to be another of these mili- tary chaps who has no time to send essays by tele- graph. - i L l We have trouble | were arrested on Saturday evening and locked | COLLECTED IN THE CORRIDORS J. W. Btitt of Vacaville is at the Bald- win. M. M. Gragg of Monterey is at the Oc- cidental. John C. Fisher of San Diego is at the Baldwin. Millard R. Green and wife are registerea at'the Palace. Frank H. Buck of Vacaville is stopping at the Palace. M. Toi and T. Tsukada are registered at the Palace. George Lingo, the well-known cattleman, is at the Russ. T. B. Turpin of Gallatin, Tenn., is a guest at the Occidental. G. B. Gelm, ensign of the Bennington, is staying at the Palace. M. H. Isoard, a merchant of Nevada City, is stopping at the Grand. C. Mix and M. M. O'Dell of Bakers- field are registered at the Russ. $0006660000060¢ Warden Hale is in town with $ A MIND- b a fund of stories € DESTROYING g which he tells in PROB 2 :) his characteristic 3 Gz § way. His latestis 90000000000000¢ [resh from the prison yards and the reading public had better not ques- tion its veracity, for the Warden is a dangerous man either in or outside the prison walls whenever the truth of his stories is called into question. at San Quentin prided himself on possess- ing a peculiar inventive ability. His mind was of that active sort that always works on problems, both mythical and actual. The solving of the Chinese puz- zle or finding the continuation of an ar- ticle in a yellow newspaper from. one page to another were labors which aroused his particular delight. Warden Hale recounts many interesting incidents which show this belated prisoner to be a man of intellectual achievements as far as the analytic and synthetic operations of the mind go. The latest problem which has beset him grew out of the great rise in the price of wheat. That this sudden ad- vance in the value of wheat, far-reaching in its results, should not weigh too heav- ily on the multitudes the prisoner whose penchant is the solving of great prob- lems — metaphysical, mathematical or economic—began to work on the eccentric puzzle of how to make a doughnut, util- izing the least amount of dough. The reason of the selection of the doughnut instead of other wheat-made articles the Warden charges to a preference of taste. After many hours of concentrated thought and a thorough and particular investigation of all the latent possiblli- ties of an economy in the manufacture of the great 10-cent accompaniment of coffee, the prisoner came to the conclu- | slon that if he made the hole larger dough would be saved and a boon con- ferred upon humanity. Still, this did not satisfy him. Something there was that was, lacking—that he neglected in his categorical consideration of the problem. More painful hours of calculation were | consumed and at last the mist was | cleared. The prisoner discovered that the larzer the circumference of the hole the more dough it would take to surround it. | He has now been moved from San Quen- | tin to Stockton. Dr. A. A. Milliken and wife of Fort | Jones are staying at the Grand. John F. Dennis, a mining man of Pres- cott, Arizona, Is stopping at the Russ. Garrison Turner, a well-known grain merchant of Modesto, is at the Grand. Henry Hebron, a prominent hop grower of Healdsburg, is stopping at the Russ. 8. Migliavacca, who is largely interested In yineyards of Napa County, is at the Baldwin. David S. Jordan has returned from a scientific expedition to New Mexico and 1s at the Occidental. J. W. Browning, one of the biggest ranchers along the Sacramento Rliver, is staying at the Grand. A. E. Osborn, superintendent of the Home for the Feeble Minded at Eldridge, is registered at the Grand. Mrs. Samuel McMurtrie, the wife of the railroad contractor of the coast division of the Southern Pacific, arrived last night from the East, accompanied by her two daughters, her mother and Robert Eas- ley, her brother. ot A TRCTEE CALIFORNIANS IN WASHINGTON WASHINGTON, June 2I.—L. Symons of Los Angeles and Louis Worth of Oak- land are in the cit: OUR UNDRESS WAR REkEABSAL Is it possible to imagine any other country engaging in war and then begin- ning to create an army? Against a first- class enemy the undertaking of this would have been suicidal. We have also been taking State troops that are all right for the troops and have destroyed thelr organi- zation and discipline to make a nation- al army. And it has been almost as hard to make a national army out of them as it would have been to leave them at home and recruit an army de novo from fresh volunteers. As a result of the very crude dress re- héarsal we have gone through in our preparation of the part of respectable military power, we have learned the les- son inculcated by Washington, that the time to prepare for war is in time of peace. AS the result of our experience it is not probable that we shall ever be found again with a standing army smaller than 100,000, and with it the machinery for enlisting, training and equipping many times that number of men. Much loss of time and waste of good material have been incurred, but it will not be wholly a loss, since the country will have learned to appreciate the fact that it takes as long and is just as technical and professional a task to create an army as to build a ship.—Minneapolis Times. —————— FAUNA OF POLITIANA. The New York Press has found out some facts in ‘“new natural history” and proceeds to describe “some of the animal things with habitat in New York” as fol- lows: Tigris Mayor, also known as the little Boboy-tailed tiger. The smallest and most unintelligible of the tiger tribe. Notable chiefly for his voraciousness. Has been known to eat 4-11-44 pounds of beef- steak at one meal. More vicious than any other of his family. Cannot be tamed and snarls incessantly. Lemur Legis, Great Counsel Lemur, known also as Wild Night Howler. Harm- less, but exceedingly noisy. Lives up a tree and chatters over nuts whicu it can- not crack. Was once considered sacred by the Tammanies, a tribe of Cannibals who looked upon it as an oracle. Coler Simplex, commonly called Con- troller Bird. A parrot-like bird, particu- larly adept in imitating the chattering of the Great Counsel Lemur. Builds no nests of its own, but lives in mare’s nests. Hessian Fly. One of the worst pests in the country. Was imported in the bed- ding straw of the imported mercenaries in the Revolution and has been a noxious yart of the fauna ever since then. Comes rom a yellow larva and is born in May. Sometimes confounded with the Mulberry worm, a slimy creature which lives on the mulberry plant. Hard to exterminate, as It shifts from place to place, accord- ing to the food supply. —_———— SPANISH PRIDE. ‘When Spain lost its South American colonies through their sucessful revolt, nearly every one of them had actually overthrown Spanish rule and set up a government of its own which was offi- clally recognized by the other nations of the world long before Spain would treat with it as an independent nation/ The Argentine Republic, for example, was not recognized by Spain until 1842, Vene- zuela was not recognized until 1545 and Peru not untll 1853, notwithstanding that = I One of the prisoners recently arrived | local purposes of State | all had malintained independent existence since 1825 or earlier, and had been receiv- ed without question into the family of nations. In this same connection it is significant to note that the full title of the King of | Spain is for the most part an enumera- tion of a list of possessions that have| long been lost to that kingdom. It is only the Spanish mind that could find pleas- | ure in recalling with such silly bambasz‘v the glories of the past as if they repre-, sented the power of the present. But| such is the Spanish idea of dignity and such is the absurdity _which Spanish | pride inspires.—Chicago Record. —_— THE GOLDEN SONS OF THE EF- FETE EAST. (With Apologies to Rudyard Kipling.) T Have you heard of the swell Astor battery? With its well-chosen jeunesse doree, Who left valets behind, who were much grieved to find That their dress suits at home had to stay. (Sweet dress suits, that home had to stay). They're as high as a Pattl night ticket; They've more airs than all phonographs boast; And ‘twas worth lots of tin, just to see them come in, With their monocles turned on this coast, (Gold monocles turned on this coast). Then here's to the swell Astor battery. And here's to thelr smart brand-new guns; And their rich gloves that must be thrown off in the dust If they want to be Mars’ useful sons. (Good gracious! red Mars' useful sons.) m Walk wide of the swell Astor battery! For half of New England it owns; | You may go out to meet, and strew orchids . on street, But how dare you accost them With bones. (Rich beggars! With vulgar ham bones.) A sandwich may do for a Kansan, A cookie may rouse Texan Joy, And a nice steaming bowl of good coffee may roll Down the throat of a Tennessee boy. (Glad throat of a [Tennessee boy.) | But these to the pride of that battery; To the pride that from head to heel runs! ‘Twas worth taking a trip, just to curl up vour lip At a kindly meant offer of buns. (Oh! Red Cross! That offer of buns!) 1L We have heard of the swell Astor battery; It is safest to let it alone. For its gentleman guard won't let enter the yard Any soul to Jack Astor unknown. (Great Astor and poor great unknown!) Don't fail to throw violet perfume On the turf round your new hand-made tents; And we really belleve that Jack Astor would grieve It youhad not a nice inlald fence. (Dear fellows! We view through the fence.) Then here's to the boys of Jack Astor, Who maybe regret their mistake, And you know if that's 5o, when the next transports go Then they’ll surely get coffes 2nd cake. (Brave fellows in war take the cake!) THE DEATH RATE IN WAR. When we see a regiment departing for the war we commonly think of the perils of battle the men are going to face. It is these, indeed, that test their heroism, but they are not their greatest dangers. The camp and the march have many more victims than the battlefield. The Commissioner of Insurance of Wis- consin has published a careful study of the statistics of mortality in the Civil ‘War that is very interesting and instruct- ive at this time. He estimates the whole number of enlistme: for various terms as equivalent to 2,320,272 for three ye: The best attainable estimate of mortali! is as follow Killed or died 110,070; died of disease, 5 from accident and all other causes, 24.872; total, 359,528, of 15% per cent of the whole number of enlistments. These figures give the death rate per thousand for a three years' term: From battle, 47; from disease, ; from other causes, 11. The annual average death rate would thus be: From battle, 15.6 per 1000 from disease, 32.3; from other causes, 3. total, 52. It may be recalled for the pu pose of comparison, that the average an- nual death rate of Philadelphia between 1861 and 1865 was 24.43 per thousand. This, of course, includes all ages, while the war figures apply only to those of military age, so that the comparison cannot be complete. Even with this important dis- tinction, however, it is seen the deaths from causes other than the enemy's fire were one and a half times as great among the soldiers in the field as among those who remained at home, while the deaths from battle were but 30 per cent of the whole.—Philadelphia Times. e UNITED STATES AND VENEZU- ELA. President Andrade of Venezuela, dellv- ering an address at the opening of an ex- hibition at Caracas, under the auspices of the National Association of Manufac- turers, said: ‘At the present epoch of our national existence I attach the great- est importance to this dispiay of progress, for it is a transcendent step toward the commercial development of our republic. The great nation of North America, in that spirit of friendliness ever manifest, has come to exhibit to us, and to offer for competition in our markets, its perfected products, and to show to us the results of its advancement and powerful indu: trial forces. The United States is march- ing to the front, and we will strive to fol- low in its triumphal wake; we, a young republic fully alive to the necessity of ; they, formed into a powerful v, shedding light from the pure federalism of their institutions over the whole of America, and at the same time | flluminating the continent with the flash | from their furnaces which are furnishing | to mankind the great and marvelous | works of an enlightened civilization. We Venezuelans owe a solemn debt of grati- tude to the country of Washington, and ‘while we open to its citizens our markets for their industrial products we also ex- tend to them the right hand of fellowship and a heart full of appreciation for kind- ness extended to us.” e e COLLEGE MEN AND THE WAR. In the war with Spain, as in the Civil War, it is astonishing that so many col- lege-bred men have enlisted and are will- ing to enlist. Occasionally we find an exception, as in the case of Professor Charles Eliot Norton of Harvard University, who is re- ported to have said that it was the mis- sion of the educated to minister to the lower classes, and that of the uneducated to do the flghnnfi; On the other hand, it is gratifying to find such men as President Andrews of Brown University, President Chapin of Tufts College, President Schurman of Cornell, President Patton of Princeton and others equally distinguished express- lnf a willingness to go to the front. t is safe to affirm that it is not a blind impulse of combativeness that inspires such men, but rather that expressed by Professor Albert B. Hart of Harvard University when he said: “The interest which the United States has in Cuba is worth the price of war. It is not a self- ish interest, but simply a just and hon- orable obligation that the island should be given the chance to exist under a civ- ilized form of government.”—St. Louis Republic. > A FEW SPANISH IDIOMS. The student of modern Spanish should observe that there are many words in the language that correspond to English words in spelling, but which have an en- tirely different meaning. In order to en- able the readers to understand the Madrid and Havana dispatches, we interpret a few of these Spanish terms and phrase: Brilliant _victory—Esca) 3 flefittgm? destxxgll?n. pet 95 Suanty nthusiasm—, appy feeling occa- sioned by the c Sanety ax};s. essation of firing by the Spanish _courage—Ability to keep out of range of Sampson's guns. Without damage—Without an: Cowardly Yankees—Men llkemildmllaug:i D iiican det erican defeat—Destructi - ish fleet by the "cuw::d{;cY:l?kgs s AT 13& ep};ch’.}r—!l‘o Tender desolate; to “Wey- To fight a naval battl 4 ¢ :tnlie‘ S0 that the Ame%—c;l‘g‘ m:t “lpet To infllct damage u; — fire off projectiles at ptrl": ?&e‘r‘l‘éflywfi vessels witho of the true “ut e'.e s it s 4 ot Such are a few of the mime Spanish idioms, which munmbn:tla:(r’ned ??. orde,r t.omundormnd the dis hteh.- which Dettort Free Presg™ "Penah sources— ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. LUNDY'S LANE—J. W. L., City. One of the best descriptions of the battle of Lundy’s Lane fought between the Amer- jeans and the British in Canada one and one-half miles from Niagara Falls, July 25, 1814, is to be found in ‘‘Dawson’s Bat- tles of the United States,” Vol. 2, which may be seen in the reference room of the Free Public Library. CRIMEA-SEPOY—Sub., City. The Cri- mean war commenced with the declara- tion of war 1, 1853. Peace was de- clared Feb. 25, As to the Sepoy re- bellions there w one at Vellore Jjuly 10, 1806; one at Madras in 1809 and the one in India in March, 1857, when many native regiments in the Bengal army mutinied. DYNAMITE—Subscriber, City. Dyna- mite, as generally manufactured, con- sists of infusorial earth, porcelain earth, coal dust, siliceous ashes or the like sat- urated with about three times its welght of nitro-glycerin. When exploded it Jeaves a white ash with little or no smoke. It costs more than gun powder, but does eight or ten times more work. FOREIGN COINS—W. B., City. The English copper coin described, issued in 1767 in the time of George III, is one of the largest copper coins ever struck for England. It is the kind that in its time was known as a cart wheel. The selling price of such is from 50 cents to $1. Ths other piece is a Hamburg two-shilling piece not quoted in the catalogues. You would have to submit it to a dealer in coins. SERE G R FOR THE ARMY—Those who seek commissions in the United States Army below the rank of brigadier general m be versed in mathematics, French, draw ing, drill regulations of all arms of the service, natural and experimental philos- ophy, chemistry, chemical physics, mir eralogy, geology and electricity, histc internafional, constitutional and milit: law, Spanish, and civil and military gineering, and art and science of war, and ordnance and gunnery. GUN COTTON—Subscriber, City. Gun cotton is a compound obtained from cel- lulose by treatment with nitric acid. Ex- periments have shown that gun cotton, if gently ignited by a spark, in the form of yarn smoulders slowly away; if by a flame it burns up rapidly and if fired in the compressed state by a detonating fuse it explodes with great violence, even when unconfined. While gunpowder does not explode at a lower temperature than 600 F., gun cotton has been known to do =0 at 227. Gun cotton produces neither smoke nor fouling when fired and does not heat the gun so much as gun pow- der, though by the rapidity of its explo- sion it strains the barrel more. GUERRILLAS—C. R., City. The name guerrilla was first given to bands of ir- regular soldiery or armed peasa Spain, who harassed Napoleon's ar during the Peninsular war from to 1814. The name is derived from Spanish and means little war. The gu rilla bands were led by bandits, who by hatred of the French and fa- “the hilly character of the cov try, were successful on many occasic From Spain the name guerrilla v brought to Central America and the: to the United States. Guerrilla bands in Mexico and Texas were a source of great annoyance during the Mexican War. WHITE CROSS SOCIETY-E. E. H, City. The objects of the White Cross So- ciety were not the same as those of the Red Cross Society. That was an organi- zation started by the Right Rev. J. B. Lightfoot, D. D., Bishop of Durham, England, in 1882, the objects of which weré set forth in the five obligations that the young men who joined it had to take: 1. To treat all women with respect and endeavor to protect them from wrong and degradation. 2. To endeavor to put down all indecent language and coarse jests. 3. To maintain the law of purity as equally binding upon men as upon women. 4 To endeavor to spread these principles among the companions of the subscriber to the obligations and to help his younger brothers. 5 To use every ible means to keep the commandment Keep thyself pure.” TO CORRESPONDENTS—The depart- ment of Answers to Correspondents is always ready to answer questions of gen- eral public interest, but it cannot under- take to guarantee an answer at a particu- lar time. Last week one correspondent writing from the interior asked that the answer be printed on Friday. The letter of inquiry did not reach this department until Friday afternoon. Another asked in a second letter sent three days after the first why the question was not an- swered, The question asked was one in- volving questions of international law that required several hours’ research in law books, and as the department has a great many questions to answer it can- not devote hour after hour on any one day to securing an answer, but must de- vote such time to the inquiries of all, and secure as many answers as possible. Questions ‘the answer to which require a long research to obtain are looked up at such leisure as can be devoted to them, but none are unneces- sarily delayed. Answers are printed as soon after being set in type as possible, and {f correspondents do not see the an- swer in print as soon as they expect they should not feel disappointed. MILITARY SERVICE—M. K., City. In case of war any nation has the right to call upon its citizens. If such citizens have taken up their residence in the United States and have not become citi- zens thereof they would be in honor bound to answer such call, but if they did not feel inclined to do so this depart- ment has not been able to discover any law that would authorize the country i suing the call to come to the United States and compel them to serve. There are some foreign countries which claim the military service of all their citizens, and if they, after expatriating themselves without having performed that military service, should return to the country of their birth, would be required to perform that duty. For instance, Germany holds that every one of its citizens must per- form military service. If such an indi- vidual, having left his country without having performed that service, return to the land of his birth, though he may have become a citizen by naturalization he will have to-do military duty for a period not longer than he would have had to per- form such originally, unless at the time he left his country ¥1! was given a certi- ficate of exemption. By courtesy ths German Government allows a naturalized citizen of the United States who owes military duty to visit Germany for & pe- riod of four months, but if he remains beyond that time he is liable to be seized and forced to perform that duty. The United States cannot protect a natural- ized citizen compelled in the land of his birth to perform a duty which he neg- lected to perform before he became & citizen of the United States. —_———— Cal. glace fruit 50c per Ib at Townsend's.* —_—— Celebrate the Fourth with California fireworks. Buy direct from makers. Cal- ifornia Fireworks Co., 219 Front st. — e e———— bSpeclu * information snl:)?lpu;imdag;y t;: usiness houses and public Press Clipping Bureau (Allen’s), 53& Mont- gomery street. Telephone Main X oo WAR TAX ON WAR POETS. reasing the tax or license upxg;teg;lnflter;ncand brokers hereafter if any money is to be raised for further war expenditures by new taxation thers should be a large tax levied upon all po- etic licenses granted in the United States on and after July 1, 1898. In these days of war poets, spring - poets, streetcar poets and Cuban correspondents imag- ination is hardly able to grasp an ade- Guate idea of tne immense revenues which could be raised for the nation ?[y even a tax of $2 per head on poetic li- cense in case it should be abused.—Bos- ton Advertiser. —_————— The Santa Fe Route sells cut rate tickets to all points Fast. St. Paul, $21; Kansas Citv, $81; Chicago, $3250; New York and Bostof, $42 55. Get full particulars at No. 644 Market s —_—————————— Volunteers—Put yourselves in fight!ns m‘rtn with a bottle of Dr. Siegert's Angosturs Bit- ters to regulate your digestion. ———————— ACKER'S ENGLISH REMEDY WILL STOI: a cough at any time, and will cure the WORY cold In tweive hours, or money refunded. NQ