The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 27, 1897, Page 11

THE SA FRANCISCO CALL, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 1897 A 11 m——m HANY SURPRSES AT INGLESIDE ~One of the Roughest Days the Talent Has Ex- " perienced. of Nebula at 30 to 1 Defeats Good Times, Howard S and Others. 4nabasis L2d Out the Hot Tip Char- lemazne—Mobalaska F.rst in | “a Furious Drive. | | What & sorry -day it was for hvoriles‘ and their followers at Ingleside yesterday. Outsiders that were not conceded a chance for first place came floating past the stand, setting at defiance all laws of the “dopists” and handicappers. have teken several pipefuls to convince one-of the regulars before the sport opened that Nebula would defeat Good Times and Haward. vet it came to pass. The Brutus fiily took the two colts mentioned into camp at odds of 25 and 30 to 1. Ana- busis, another entry of Boots & Son, was sticcessful at 25 to 1. Of the seven favor- ifes two only had their numbers hoisted on robably the win of Nebula was the most unexpected of the day. She was one of six starters in ihe mile dash for three-year-0lds, for which Good Times, riaden by Cash Sloan, was an even-money chanice. . The latter was pocketed at the fist turn,-cut off eighty vards from the wircand falled to get @ mark. Nebula, idden by Piggott, cut out the pace from | the'outset and lasted iong enough to beat | 1be€ wretchedly ridden Howara S by a kead in 1 The favorite, after being shut off, iailed to show, tnishing fourth, vebind Soniro. It would | | $1300, The mile race in which Altamax started some days ago seemed 10 have done him a world of good, for he came out in the | openiiig six-furiong scrambie for maiden three-year-olds against an ordinary lot- of platers and won hands down irom Queen Nubia, an outsider. Tuiare, | a4 tolchance ridden by Tod Sloan, was | a fair third, © Atticus was poorly handled. | The race following was a spiit of the | first, with ten facing the barrier. Phili H, Nuncomar and Peaceman, trained b Buly - Murry, coupled in the betting, ned. favorite at 3 to 2, but there ap- | ed 10 be “Dothin’ don’” and4tol chalked against- the trio at post time. | A big plunge was made on Yema, send- | ng him to the posta 2 to 1choice. An- othiér -heavy play was made on Barney | Schreiber’s Charlemagne, catting his price from 5t08. When the barrier was raised Thorpe, 6n the 25 to 1 outsider Anabasis, rushied that horse out in the iead and. although hard ridden, Charlemagne was beaten_out a length by the outsider in | 1:17. Philip H was a good third. The fourth event, over seven furlongs, 2w George Palmer go to the posta 3105 ce and finish third. Ba-quil at8101 ped away in the lead and was never t, passing the Judges two lengths be- fore Instigator. The miie and a sixteenth race proved a good thing for Joe Terry, the 13 to 5 sec- d choice. Adolph Spreckels, the 6 to 5 oice, appeared scre and unable to ex- d himself. Terry made all the ranning, i won eased up from Little Cripple, & laska, Applause and Marjorie passing over the line noses apart in the order men- | tioned. Applause, which was an 8| to5 favorite, with Marjorie as com- pany, led the fleld to the stretch,where they were joined by Tod Sloan on Mol laska, andin a furious drive Tod and his mount caught the eye of the judges first. Mr. Corrigan’s Indian-named filly wasa 7 to 2 chance in the betting. In the final six furiong spin, with the scale of weights raised 10 pounds above the scale, George Miller struck easy game, He was speedily backed down from evens to 3 to 5, and won easing up from Morven, the second choice. it INGLESIDE TRACK’S GREAT CARD. The Fastest Lot of Sprinters Ever Gath- . ered in California Meet To-Day. The programme to-day at Ingieside is one to exult over. Itisone of the best ever offered Jocal racegoers. A faster band of sprinters have seidom met than the eight entered in the last race of the day, including among them David, Ferrier, Libertine, Preston, Magnet and Buckwa. It is a collection of speed seldom brought together, and the finish should be worth zoing along way to witness. The mile handicap also has a splendid lot of entries, while the two-year-old division will be represented by the Schreiber stake, worth The judges at Ingleside haye requested Secretary Leake to notify Trainer William Murry of the Cambridge and Lone stables that the inconsistent running of the borses in his charge will pe no longer tol- erated. In the communication tne offi- cials say Mr. Murry’s explanations are not in keeping with the rules of racing, and that a repetition of the same after thisdate will cause a recommendacion for the refusal of his entries and further pun- ishment to him as may hereafter be de- termined. The officials in the stand also recom- mend that_the entry of Greyhurst be re- fused at Ingleside until such time as Owner Gnffin can assure them that the horse is educated to break from the bar- rier. Following are to-day’s entries: First race, one mile, selling. 584 Tar and Tartar.107; 544 Instaliatrix. 159 Quangieil. 95| 579 Loug Lady. 608 Cherrystony 10| 566 Edgemount 605 Olive 10| 591 Kondrunner’ 613 Mosier 6U8 Japonica... .1100] Second race, three-quarters of a mile, selling. 605 Meadow Lark..102( 801 Frank Jaubert. 597 Hazel Dc Beaam-la 70)Pat 3 (591) Moy s an. (B0) Yemen Third race, one (580) Mercuti 599 Doctor G.. 406 Tempestu. 884 ~cimitar .. 578 Hermanita. 606 McLight 115/ 595 Stentor 592 Haroid Lindsay 98| 601 Coda. Fourth race, half mile, Schreiber stakes, value $1300, 567 Duke of York Pyl s Lady Hurst Naranja Encino. Tnity Mam'e | 381 Roxey Murphy 113 118| 542 Don Luis 118 59% Roy el 118 {1mper 118 551 Estro. a8 Maxlone..... 118 | X 18 118} 881 Al Koran. 118/ Fifth race, one mile, hanaicap. (441) Buckwa. 201 (291) Moylan. . (#04)Salvabl 5| 250 1 he Drago! 93 Ostler Joe......112| 532 Flash! ght 548 Inswliator. .. .108| (874) Areszo..... 604 Argentina..... 105, 604 LincolnT1... Sixth race, one and & half miles, hurdie handi- cap. 583 Hello. .148) 600 Gov. Budd. 183 Baby 1¢5| 600 Hermaa .. | 610 Fi Fi............140| 600 Dungarven. | 614 Adiph Spreckis 138 268 Esperance. 583 . rande 133 Seventh race, three-quarters ot a mile. 589 David... 104| 609 Guita Percha..102 107 lva 107/ (809) Magnet 107 .104|(841) Buckwa ..., 104 First race—Installatrix, Cherrystone, Long Lady. Second race—Moylan, Midlo, Yemen. Third race—Stentor, Nuaranju, Her- manita. Yourth race—The Cheat, Thorpe. ¥ifth race—Buckwa, Salvable, Instal- lator. }i0to 1shot. Brametta was taird. Sixth race—No selection. Tne finish to the seven-furlong run was| Seventh race — Buckwa, Libertine, the most exciting of the afternoon, Moba- | Magnet. THE *“CALL” RACING GUIDE. [PACIFIC COAST JOCKEY CLUB, Ingleside Racetrack. Friday. February 26. Fiftyssixth day of the Winter Meeting, 1896-97. Weather fine. Track fast. T RACE—Three-quarters of & mile; maiden three-year-olds; purse $550. | 1 st 1 B Fin. Jockes. 591 | Altamax C0s| 2 235 | 3 18 |Tuorpe..... wx B3| Queen Nubla... 104 1 Tiindds 26 |H. Martin 1| 10 7 iulare im 8 1% | 2 84 |T. Sloa % 4 575 | Atticas 108/ 9 81 | & iz [snia 10 Moreno es| 4 51y | 4 52 |Barringer 5 7 Fort Augustus...108| 7 én | 8 81 |f.sullivi 15 25 mf s i by 71 |C Soan 10 10 11 8 3n |.5 81 |T. McHugh...l.|50 150 | 1us| 8 2359 v a8/ oral 13, Shields. Good s.art. Won easily. Winuer. Burns & Waterhouse’s b. ¢., by imp- Maxim-Altitude. Time, F:15% {5171, SECOND BAGEThree-quarters of a mile: malden three-year-oida; purse 1350, oo | ‘ | | ‘ Betilng. ndex Horse, weight. | | Fin. Jockey. op. L 451 | Anabasts. ... 11 | 1h | 113 Thorpe.... 0 Cherlema; ©2 | 32 | 23" claughter... 72 596 | Puilip H {61 |81 | @1 o 500 | M. Chicquot. | 438 | 43 | 4n H 506 | 31| 53 | a1 0 5 6! 3 lfl/'- 81 |1 H 590 0 14 | 28 2 H 170 |El Ladron 814 92 | 93 75 | - Peaceman. | 8% [10™ |10 H Winmer, W. Boots & Sou's b.c., by imp., Oyrus-Ledy Evangeline. Timé, 1:17, *Coup ed with Philip H. 6):2. THIRD KACE—Cne m! ree-yeac-old $350. Str. | Fin '| Jockeys. 12 1h |Piggott.. | 3% | 235 K Mariin ¢~ | 32° T Sloan... 2% [ 42 |C.Siow sun | 56 |Thorpe . .. 6 | 6 |Siaughter. | Won driving. Winner, W. Boots & Son’s b. %, by lmp. Brutus-Consteliation. Time, 3" FOURTH BACE year-olas and upward: purse $350. : 1 T T Betting. Index., Horse, age, welght. | St.| Str. | Fin. | Jockey. 1op CL Basquil, 3 97 13 | 13 ugh er. 5 6 439 |1 T, 107 21 | 234 |Thorpe. 6 7 385 | Geo. paimer, 5... 98 4% | 32 |T. Sloan... 7-10 13-20 598 |San Marco, 4.....107 54" | 41 () ennessy. 10 9 -554 |OFieta, 5 ........107| 3h | 510 |Fercen.. €0 30 593 |Mosier. s 104 61 | 64 |McHale 300 300 602 | Doubtul, 4 104 72 | 720 |T. McH 40 60 602 |Crawford. a. 107 8 1 8 |Pizeon.. | 75 100 Won hanaily. - Gooa start. FTH # 614. lidex:| Horse age, welght | st 593 |Joe Terry. 4 BUTIEY| 534 | L e Cripple, Jdusl 4 7 .| Brame 4. - 97 b3 (366) | Adulph Spreckels,4.107| 7 601° | Mureel. 6. Leonviile, 6. Tuxedo, 6.. S162) 8 104 104 500 Staugliter. 5 W. Martiu 65 13-10 T. Sloan. clve e | 80 100 1100 200 Good star . Won easily. Winger, J. H. Shield’s ch. ¢., by Flambeau-imp. Tear Urop. Time, 1:31. TR ArEaEAG ‘)l')-v\,l,\lul.\ —Seven-eighths of a mlle; seiliug; ypurse §350. ex .Humt-. age, weight. | St Betting. op. G Mobalaske, 4.....302 5 7~§ 550 | Appinusa, b.... .105| 4 i3 o8 Muriorie, 4....... 102 1 2 3 o5 u ] 4 3 Pigoit. < 10) 7| ot e 8 70 3| |c. Sioan 0 Won driving. Wianer, ¥. Corrigan’s br. £, by Apache-Tricksey. Time, 1:30. H 1ACE—1hree-quarters of a mile; purse $400. s 1 Betting. fiaex.| Horse, age,wetgne. | St| 14 i 595 |George M a2l 1. Fry (£90) Morven, u. - 150| 2. 92 590" | Huzard. 4, 3 3 007 | Mo momd 7| 12 (g;ihl’llmaruun, 3. | 8. ’2".: ~now. b 517 [Conaos o S 1--aXB s 7320 |Hennessy, 0 560 | Mahogany. 5. 129 4 8 |Leeper..... 500 BUTLER HELD ON BOTH CHARGES Commissioner’ Heacock So Ruled Yesterday After- noon. Attorney Donohoe Grew De- cidedly Dramatic During His Argument. He Denounc:d the Prisoner in Un- m2asur:d Terms as a Most Abandoned Villain. Attorney Donohoe, in the course of his argument before Commissioner Heacock in the Ashe extradition proceedings yes- terday aiternoon, created a Geep sensation by his personal references to the pris- oner. The climex was reached when, af- ter graphicaliy describing the murder of young Preston, he began to speak of the Lee Weller case, which pioved the pris- oner’s undoing. Turning to the latter he said: “‘How you must regret, Butler, the day that you, by your devilish wit, lured him to accompany you." The prisoner shrank before the men- acinz finger of the attorney, and mut- tered: *“Don't talk io me like that.”” Mr. Donohoe was merciless and continued in tones of thunder: ““How you maust say to yourself, ‘Oh, that 1 had had nothing to do with that Lee Weller and that I bad only lured to my charnel den among the mountains the beardless boy. whose disappearance caused no comment!’ “Ba, no, your eyes were blinded by your greed for his gold pieces, for his poor wife's trumpery trinkets, and by that lust for biood which to tne norma! man is so inexplicable and revoiting, but which to toe abnormal seems most irresistible. In your small warped mind you only knew ihis man had money and that he trusted you. Asyou feel the halter drawn tighter and tighter around your ball neck your vicious criminal nature must recognize that you made a fstal mistake when you had anything todo with Lee Weller.” Commissioner Heacock listened for four hours yesterday to counsel’s argument and in his” subsequent ruling unnesitatingly decided to hold the prisoner upon both charges on the ground that the evidence adduced shows sufficient criminaiity on his part. A certified copy of the evidence will ‘be transmitted to the Secretary of State, and the prisoner will remein in the custody of the Uniied States Marshal un- | til the President’s order for his surrendes is received. The argument yesterday was conducted in the Commissioner’s office, in the Ap. praisers’ building, and was attended by most of the witnesses in the case, includ- ing the Consui-General, J. W. Warburton, Detectives Roche and McHattie, Constabie Conroy, Marshal Baldwin, Sergeant Bun- ner, Captain Fraser of the Swanhilda, and a group of privileged listeners. The prisoner, guarded by Deputy Marshal Gallagher, sustained the ordeal with his customary stolidity, and in the face of the flood of denunciation which Mr. Dono- hue, Mr. Cormac’s colleague in the pros cution, poured upon him, showed scarcely a trace of emotion. It is true that his sang froid gave way a little when the prosecuting attorney addressed him per- sonally, and with a dramatic gesture charged him almost directly with the crime of murder; but for the most part he preserved his favorite nonchalant attitude, hisarms folded and face riveted upon the ceiling. Mr. Cormac opened the argument for the prosecution at 10 o’clock, Mr. Black, the prisoner’s counsel foliowed, and Mr. Donohoe closed at greater length in reply. While Mr. Cormac confined himself strictly to an clucidation of the evidence, his partner frequently indulged in ora- torical flights and elognently emphasized the pathetic aspects of both cases. Mr. Black rested his defense mainly | ! upon his fumiliar objection to the court’s jarisdiction and argued that the essential | principles of international law expressly | constitute a vessel the actual territory of | the nation whose flag she flies, and that the Swanhilda, thereivre, was British ter- ritory wherever she might chance to be. The arrest for this reason was illegal, and the prisoner could not be arrested in Cali- fornia waters under these conditions, ex- cept for some offense committed against the laws of California. The treaty was not self-acting and must be put into operation by the statute. He raised another important objection with reference to the interpretation of the treaty, asserting that Judges and mugis- trates could only act in accordance with its provisions when so authorized by an act of Congress. Mr. Donohoe then rose to repiy. Coun- sel for the crown, he contended, were not there to prosecute, nor would the present tribunal determine the question of the prisoner’s guilt or innocence. The main evidence, both for the prosecution and the defense, must be considered by a Judge and jury in New South Wales, and *4n that investigation,” bLe continued, “the prisoner will be protected by all those safeguards which the experien e of teil centuries has woven into the fabric of the common law. “The sole question for your determina- tion,”” he said, “is whether we have made .out a sufficient prima facie case to satisfy the Secretary of State that this man should” be returncd to the authorities to stand his trial, And Iam glad that this disgusting battle will be fought out in an- other land. I' respectfully submit that during the entire period since California was admitted into the sisterhood of States we have never harbored a wretch so desti- tute of human atiributes, so wantonly de- -praved, brutal, cool and calculating, so ogrelike in his disposition, so reckless and vyet withal so cowardly. That desperate man who holds up a stagecoach and robs the passengers at the pistol’s point is ad- mittedly a scoundrel, but he is not neces- sarily a coward. “The burglar who enters the household armed with a bludgeon and revolver is a scoundrel, but not necessarily a coward. In California we have known many in- stances of murder when the blocd was hot, when green-eyed jealousy was the motive, to avenge outr: honor, and from lust, but never, th: God, have we known of a series of atrocious murders to be perpetrated from purely mercenary motives. Ofsuch crimes does this man stand accused in his own country and for such crimes must his guilt be determined or his innocence established.” Mr. Donohoe said, referring to Mr. Black’s objection as to jurisdiction, that under thelaw of this State the committing magistrate had the right to inquire into any crime if the criminal was brought be- fore , aud that any question of terri- torial jurisdiction must be raised by the Government. The mere statement of the proposition that an accused ‘ prisoner could raise such a question was one of those arguments whicn pore upon its face its own refutation, His introduction natorally led Mr. Donohoe to speak of the defendant, to whom he referred as *'this smooth-spoken, resourceful gentleman, who held the golden kew of the treasure-land across the mountains, After Preston’s death, this fowler lost no time in bating his trap for another victim.” Later on the prisoner was described as 8 “*human spider,” and then the lnngnnu:"?uolad in the opening paragraph was forcibly empioyed. “*Weller,” said Mr, Donohoe, *‘had scores of friends in Sydney—the very dogs knew and loved him. It ison record that he told hundreds of people about the prospecting trip.” It is true that he did not mentiou the name of the person with whbom he was going.” Warming with his subject, the speaker asked: “Is it possible that no foreboding gzgested (tseif at that time? Could he not read the warning in that man’s face?” indicating the prisoner with a gesture. “These indications are so apparent that a landsman would as soon think of trust- ing his life to tne kindly guidance of a ground shark as to this defendant, do not believe,” concluded Mr. Dono- hoe, “that there is one human being in this fair City who is 80 sodden with sin and dead to manly impulse that he would desire to keep this craven, this murderous brute, one moment longer than is neces- sary. I therefore ask that he be nanded over to the authorities of Great Britain, and that you so certify to the Secre}nry of State that he may be returned fo "the country whence he came to stand his trial.” ‘The court sai It is hardly necessary for me to review the evidence. I have no writien opinion and seldom make one, 1 prefer to decide a case when it is first submitted and everything is fresh in my mind. The main aigument on the part of the prisoner’s counsel with regard 1o the jurisdiction of the Commissicner, or of any party, to inquire 1010 the crimiuality of ihe prisoner upou these charges, that he came to this country on board a British ship, ana that that Britisn snip, being covered b a flag, was British territory, I think with counscl for toe crown that'it would be strange inaced if such questions could be Taised as between indiviauals, on the part of the prisoner, to protect him irom s prosecu- tion for the crime with which he stands cherged. Such provisions are rather for the benefit of the contracting nations as between themselves and do not pertain to this case. But the language of tue treaty is, *“Who shall seek an asylum” iu the other country or who shall be found therein. 1t appears from the testimony that the prisoner at the bar came voluntarily aboard the Swanhilda ss un able seaman; he was coming to San Francisco; he Mnew the port to which he was coming, There are certain circumstances detailed by Captain Fraser which teud 10 show that he intended to stop here; that he wished (o dis- guise bimself; that he wished to come shore Dbefore the vessel nad really reached iand and get another job here. And I think it1sa fair finding from the testimony that he was 8 fugitive from justice coming her He was arrested on the ship. Counsel con- teuds that the words *‘seeking asylvm’ have been left out of the act ot Congress, and that as the treaty is not scli-acting and as Congress has not authorized iis officers to act except when the prisoner is found within the United States, that thercfore we have no jurisdiction. Upon ‘that question I wili cite inre Kaine, Decisions ot the Supreme Court, volume 20, page 66: treaty with Great Britain is equaily bindiug upon us as an act of Con- gress, and it likewise confers jurisdiction and authority on the Judges and magistrates of the respective GOveruments to issue warrants for the apprehension of fugitives and for hesr- ing and considering ihe evidence produced sgaiust them, and aiso provides that the com- mitting magistrate shall certify as 1o the suffi- ciency of the evidence 1o the executive au- thority, so that a warrant of surrender may issue.” Thus the court holds that the treaty is in this respect seli-acting, and that it needed no act of Congress to give the Judges and magis- trates additional powers.” If there be ques- tions touching the jurisdiction of the Commis= sioner, which may be construed as of vital impori, 1 shall leave them to some other tribu- nai less impressed with the criminality in- voived and shown by the testimony and the charges against the prisoner, and 10 some tri= buual that is perhaps less impressed than I m with the importance of such technicali- ies, which, though they may sometimes pio- ect the innocent, ofiener open up avenues of escape 10 the guilty. The court continued that as to the evi- dence of criminality there were the fol- lowing circumstances to be considered: The connection of Weller and Preston with the prisoner; the testimony of wit- nesses {0 the fact of their being seen to- gether gradually going into the Blue Mountains—where gold is never found— hunung for gold; the inducement held out by the prisoner to each; the discov- ery of the bodles within ten or twelve miles of each other, and in one casea mile and a balf from the spot where a witness testified that he bad seen them together. In the Lee Weller case it was admitted that there was sufficient evi- dence for the Commissioner 1o hold the prisoner. Then he continued: If there was ever a case that Shakespeare could possibly have imagined yherein ono should “'steal the livery of heaven to serve the devil 1n” {tis in the case of Lee Weller, for all the certificates by which the prisoner claimed 10 be & master seaman were stolen from the deceased, and here when I asked his name he first answered “Lee Weller ' until the evidence confronted him with the fact that the body haa been found, and then he had to abandon the idea that he couid pass himself off upon the Commissioner as the real Lee Weller. Whei asked whose piciure the photograph of Mrs. Lee Weller was he repiied, “That is a picture of my wite.” But mark you, there is a change later, for when the Commissioner began to examine him in the Preston murder case he stood mute and refusea to answer. 1 sball hold bim to answer upon both chaiges, believing the evidence shows suf- ficient criminality ou his part, and shall trans- mit a certified copy of the evidence to the Secretary of State xs s00n as possible, and shall commit the prisoner into the custody of the Marshal until wo:d is recefved from the President, ordering bis extradition, and I shall later make an order impounding such Property as may be necessary. 00. A’S ANNIVERSARY. League of the Cross Cadets Celebrate the Third Year of Their Ex- istence. Company A, the crack corps of the Leaguo of the Cross Cadets, entertained its friends in Shiels hall last evening, the occasion being the third anniversary of its mustering into service. Company A is the pionear company of the League of the Cross and numbers among its honorary members Archbishop Riordan, Fathers Prendergast, Yorke and O'Ryan and Colonel Suilival A In the orenin( address Captain Drady said that of the seventy-five young men who had joined the company on its organization over sixty were at present in ranks. During the evening the following pro- gramme was presented, a particularly pleasant feature of which was the dra- matic reading given by Miss Introductory, Captain Frank S. Drady ; song, John Miller; cornet solo, F. Lycett;’ selec- tions, Company A, L. C. C. Glee piano solo, Miss Edna Fitzgera'd; specialties, John C. O'Donnell; reading, Miss H. Nathan} voeal selections, Miss Katuerine Binck; clarionet solo, Lennie Tully; asccompanist,’ Mrs. §. J. Tuliy; bass solo, Joseph A. Fogarty. ———— COONVIOTED, BUT INNOCENT. Thomas Thompson Is Probably a Vie- tim of Mistaken Identity, Attornéy Franklin V. Brooks has suc- ceeded in shaking Judge Wallace’s faith in ghe verdict of the jury that declared Thomas Thompson guilty of stealing State Senator Mahoney’s watch on the night of the Corbett-Sharkey prizefizht, As aconsequence of the doubts in the judicial mind the sentence of Thompson has been postponed until March 26 and at that ume it is expected that a new trial will be granted, with a prospect of the District Attorney practically abandoning Ane prosecution. There is a general belief that Thompson is a victim of mistaken identity. In arguing for a new trial on behalf of his client Lawyer Brooks set forth the fact that on the first trial there was a dis- agreement, ouly two members of the jury voting for conviction. He said that on the second trial Juror Lezynsky was asleep during the taking of important testimony, as well as while the arguments and in- structions of the court were being deliv- ered. Thompson an honest-looking indi- vidual, without any of the characteristics of the professional crimiual. He told a straight story of his career in this City tnat impressed all who heard it, but the jury evidently formed the judgment of conviciion on the testimony of the men who swore that Thompson was the man who pawnea the watch. An effort to dis- credit this testimony will be made if an- t other trial shouid be granted. Thompson is without junds or acq uainiances and his attorney is acting under appointment by the court, LIFE INSURANCE. LIFE INSURANCE. LIFE INSURANCE. s FIFTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONNECTICUT MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. To the Members: The year 1896 was marked by almost unre- mitting commercial depression affecting every interest ana by serious disturbances in the public finances producing apprehensions more or less approaching panic for nearly the entire period, both conditions having their origin largely in those questions which became the issues in & political campaign which, for the criticel gravity of the results involved and the intensity of feeling engendered, has had no parallel in our history. < In such a year enterprise losés much of its usual reward, and the best resuits in nearly ny business are those accomplished at least cost while maintaining the efficiency of the working machinery and awalting such favor- sble change ss will allow a sausfactory emount of business to be done at usual cost and without strain. Effect on Business. Especially is this true in the business of iife insurance, Its cost is usually reckoned asa t of one’s expenses; and when money i hard w come at and profits are lttle, and per- haps nothing, new expenses are not readily undertaken, the usual ones are oiten curtailed and business shrinks. Under such conditions a large volume of new business can be main- tained in only one way; by such concessious on the first premium as tempt & new insurer 10 take & policy which costs him little or noth- 1ng the first year, and which be gets at the ex- pense of the older policy-holders, whose money bas to make up the deficiency caused by what the “new blood” costs but fails to pay. Were uny given quantity of new business in any one yesr necessary to the stability ofa company—as it might be were the company new and its amount at risk as yet too smali for a safe average experience—there might be & reason for keeping up a pace even at increased cost, if the business so got were likely tostay by. But there is no company of our ¢isss doing business to-day in any such situation; nor any which cannotafford 10 let its uew business vary with the conditions affecting the volume of every other business, excepl those which have auached to the simple methods of legitimate life insurance certain wholly extraneous fea- tures which create necessities of the.r own and dominate the situation. The “accumu- lated dividend” companies, some of which are losing $125,000,000 and upward of old busi- ness every year, and must keep a very great amount of business golng in order to keep up the lapses ana forfeitures necessary to pro- vide their “accumulated rplus” or tontine {fund, have tried to edu ‘the public 10 be- lieve tha% & great “new business” and a great “amount of Tisk” were the true measures of success, and may feel that their choice li between keeping up the inflow at aay cost, by any effective means, and such a shrinkage as théy cannot contemplate with uqunnlmllf. However that may be, tae vicious snd costly methods of competition are continued. An Ideal Position. The Connecticut Mutual is happily under the stress of no circumstances, natural or ar- tificial, requiring it o force its business be- yond the conditions of the times. 1ts position is ideal, and that to which every company Ought 10 strive to obtain, a busiuess so iarge as 10 give ebsolute stability in its average ex- perience, yet not so large burthatin good times aud. under fair couditious it cau be maintained without difficuity, even atlowing for occasional and considerable shrinkages in bad times, 8 standard of solvency beyond question, Invesiments worthy such a_trust, and an eXpense account so smail as togive the largest possible saving to policy-holders and 8> acjusted that, whether iis business in- creases or shrinks, it will not have 1o cut its dividends on thet'sccount. That is the position we occupy. So far as the absolute safety of every present policy- holaer is concerned, or so far as bis future dividends would be effected, it is not neces- sary that we should ever write another new policy. The company would pay out to the very last man and mesintain the same relative high dividends without it. The ouly reason for taking new business is that we may give to new families the same secure and cheap pro- tection that those of our present members sre getiing. The latter nave no need whatever for any new business. And, therefore, it is that, among &1l the struggles 'for first place as to new businessand amount at risk among the large companies and those of the smailer ones 10 keep somewnere in the race, the Connecti- cut Mutual Las steadily refused to compete for new business at the cost of present policy- holders. What we can get without reducing their dividends we what we can't goes to those whose inducements to agents and whose speculative proposals aud mo- mentary temptations to new men are great, but_whose dividends 10 old members are smaller. In good times we more or less en- large our business. In hard timeswe husband our strength, indifferent to all considerations except maintaining our standard of excel- lence. We are thus explicit, not ou'y because the maiter is apt to these times, but aiso because in the competition of business it 1s commouiy represented by those whose only point of com- parison with us 1s in Tespect of new business and amount at risk thatitis undesirable to insure in & company which is not rapidly in- creasing itsbusiness; that expenses would be ake; less, dividends larger and security greaer if | rder for new business and getting more of it—a statement which is false in every aspect and particular. There must come a point with every company, no matter how rapid its present growth, beyond which it cannot force an increase of size. Andseveral of the largest companies are rapidiy aporosch- ing that point, What will be their status then? Should the public, therefore, turh from them? If they wili be then undesirablie com- panies, why should they be built up atall 1i a company be truly desirable, prosperous and safe ouly while and only as it is increas- ing its risks, then the more ravidly a company is growing {o-day the faster it is approaching the time when i1 will be no longer desirable, prosperous or safe. 1f that be so,'life insur. ance should be summarily suppressed as an inevitable swindle. But, as our expense rate is less than that of any other company, and only about haif that of the great pusaers, while our results to poliey-holders are very much larger than theirs, and our stability greater and more conservatively based, the advantage to be de- rived from following their example would seem more than_doubtful, especially in view of the heavy and continuous reductions they have made and are still making in their diyi- denas, while we have maintained our scale. The reproach of such a conservatism we are very content to bear. The Vigor of the oak is of an enduring sort. Review of the Year. Notwithstandlng the dullness of the year 1896, the affairs of the company in every essen- tial particular were as prosperous as cou'd be reasonably expected under the conditions. A gain in income, assets and surplus,while earn- ing an increased dividend—an increase of sirengih more (hun corresponding with the increase in liabilities, while decreasing the cost of insuray , 1n such times, well be regarded as fairly satisfactory. The operations of the year, us covered by our report to the Insurance Department, are as 1otlows: Net nssets, January 1,1896........ $60,764,020 64 Recelved— For premioms.......$4,748,286 75 For jnt. and revis... 5,)89.405 23 Bal. profic aad loss 50,140 75 we were pushing 7,982,782 73 $65,696,803 36 ‘Total income .. Disbursed— For claims by aeath and _matured eo- dowments. $4,508,018 25 Surplus retarned to policy-holders. ..... 1,274,658 62 Lay and surren- d‘:‘l:: policles.. 759,247 93 Total paid polic; Sokdern .o 86,541,924 80 Commissions o agent salaries, medical examin- ers’ fees, printing, adverusing, legal, real estate and all other expenses of management Taxes 836,715 97 335,490 98 i . 7,715181 75 ‘Total expenditures. Bal. net assets Jan. 1, 1897.......86J,981,671 61 Add interest due and accrued. ‘markec values of stocks and bonds over cost, and net deferred and_uncollected premiums, as per itemized statement herewith. Jan. 1,1897 es. 1,970,677 27 883, 250 . $7,155.297 04 Surplus, Jan. 1, 1897. Interest. We received for interest aud dividends $2,- 884,958 31, for rents $254,446 91 The duli- ness of the times made collections unusuaily slow. Yet the overdue interest on December 31, 1896, on nearly $36,000,000 of mortgage lowns was only $150,466 71, about $30,000 of which has since been received. No uew defanits have occurred or our bonds, the only case now in default teing that of the $100.000 of bonds of the Detroit, Lans- ing and Norihern Raiiroad now in brocess of Teorganization, Keal Fstate Loans. The amount of old loans paid off and of new loans made was much smaller than usual; a naturgl result of the conditions which made it hard to get money to pay with nud also made less use for borrowed money. Old loans were eid amounting to $5,560,110 40 and néw oans were made for #5,202,279 87. Foreclosures and Sales. Other results of the hard times were the prolonged inability of many to pay interest, compelling us io take under foreclosures ‘properties costing $1,233,028 08, and also a great deaduess in the real estalc market by reason of which comparauvely few sales were made, amounting 1o $124,325 33. There were a zood many iuquiries afier property, but most of thery were made in the hope that the pre:sure of ihe times might dispose us to offer at low prices. Wa are fortunatelv able to hold our property until usual conditions restore usual prices. The advantage of being able to do this is well illustrated in our own history. Since 1879 the company has sold properties which ithad then acquired under foreclosure ata cost of $7,531,618 30. In an_examination made that year the Insurance Commissioner yalued these propertict at only 86,445,773, an apparent loss of $1.085,845 30. 'But we did not sell at those figures. We waited and sold as the market wanted it, for $8,922,656 31, or $1,391,088 01 more than the property cost, and $2476.88331 more than the Commis: sioner’s valuation. While some of our propertles will not prob- ably sell for as much as they cost, others will sell for more, and, judging irom past experi- ence, we see no reason 1o apprehend any less on tnis item as & whole. Bond Travsactions and Holdings. There were paid off or sold during the year municival and railroad bonds which cosi us £864,633 30, and other bouds purchased at a cost ot $783,610 44. The market value of such securities in general was considerably less on December 31, 1896, than on December 81,1895. The shrinkag: on our holdings was, Lowever, only two-thirds of 1 per cent. These holdings are frr $13,285,000 par value, cost- ing $13,606.034 97, and worth at the above date $14,058,907 by an entirely conservative valuatiion. Profit and Loss. A small net Joss of $13,105 87 on some of the real estate sales ana_ sundry iiems was off- set by & net gain of $63,246 62, mainly on transactions in bonds, léaving $50,140 75 to the good. Mortality. We paid to the families and estates of de- ceased members during the year $4.106,366 25. The value and timeliness of this great sum to its many recipients in their hour of need are the meusure of our yeariy service to the house- holds of our country. its helpfulness can be somewhat realized if -one will but imagine that amount being constentiy distributed among cases like some that will’ cccur to any of us, and wili think what it hes meant (o them, or would have mesnt to those who did not Have it. Itis an unmixed good, coming when the necessity for such help is greatest. Our death losses were so far inside those ex- pected and provided for that the savings there- 1rom were $436.689. Tt should aiwuys be borne in mind that it is not the amount of & company’s death losses nor thelr proportion to its amount at risk, nor 10 its income or its assets which are siguifi- cant of their effect upon 1ts prosperity, present or futore. The ulder its business, the longer ithas been in force, the greater the average age of its members, tne greater will be the 1oportion of deaths and tae volume o fjlosses. Rhe question is not omly what losses oc- curred, but what were expected. What losses were anticipated when the premiums and serves to meet them were compuied? Are the sctual losses inside or outside that expecta- tion? Thatis the only pertinent question in the matter. Expenses. The ratio of expenses to income in 1896 was 10.55 per cent, an increase over the usual average of about one-half of 1 per cent. This was due (o no ncresse in the cost of getting Dbusiness or in any general expense, but solely t0 the increased cost of repairs to real estate taken under oreclosure and necessary to put it in proper order and to rightly protect our property. The same careful and systematic economy which always distinguishes this company has been rizidly maintained. New Business. In consequence of the unbroken business depression vf 1896, ana especially during the months of the political eampaign, and because we spent no mouey trying 10 overcome these obstacles, we wrote about 10 per cent less new business in 1896 than in 1595, The renewais of old business were so well kept up, however, that we lost during the year on the whole amount in force only $619,430. We believe the persistency of the old busi- ness of tne Connecticut Mutual is jquite uuigue. Itisan element of great strength, and of cheapness as well. 1t costs iar less 10 take suci care of old busiuess as to keep it than to_get new to repiace it. And we are fortunat-ly not in the position of those com- pauies whose heavy expenses can be met and whose extravagent representations of ‘‘post- poned or accumuiated dividends,” to be pald fifteen or twenty years hence, can be fulfiiied only by the proceedsof heavy forfeitures of old business every year, Dividena: The dividend paid on each policy in 1896 was larger than' the correspouding one for 1895. There will be asimilar incresse in divi- deuds and consequent decrease in_tne cost of insurance on policies renewed in 1897, Surplus. We_call attention to those items from which 1t is possible to derive a surplus and to the manuer in which they have been applied duriug the year, with a preliminary word of explauation. Ve agree to pay certain sums on the occur- rence of a certain event. To do this we must have premiums large encugh to pay running expenses, the current death claims, and pro- vide & reserve for the greater mortality ihat will come with the inereasing age of tne busi- ness. We can ea:n interest on thai reserve while we hold it. o we ussume a_maximum death rate, a maximum expense rate and a minimum rate of interest, and calculate our Ppremiums and the reserve to be laid aside out of them on those three assumptions. If the death losses and expenses are less than we assumed we save the difference from the premium; if the interest is more we save thatalso. There are sundry other inci- dentalitems. Here is an exhibit of the oper, tion of these several factors in the Connecti- cut Mutual in 1896 Part of premium provided for expenses, etc. . £957,256 lute.est and renis in excess of rae assomed... 1,060,722 Balance, profit an 50,141 Savid fiom expecied 436,689 . 129,759 25,437 Total . This total of items applicable to expensea, $2,660,004 dividends, etc., has been applied as follows: Expenses ¢f management.... $836,716 Tuxes . 836,431 Decrease in’ market value of Londs and stocks.. 92,556 $1,265,76% Dividends paid $1,274,659 Additions ~ to accumulated dividends...... 62.541 Incresse of s 57.041 The only item in thisexhibit which does not explain iiself is probably the saving from the reserve on policies surrendered or not re- newed—$129,759. This grows out of lapsed and surrendereu policies (less those reinstated) | for 5,860,703, the reserve upon which was $961,577, of which amount $831,818 or about 57 ver cent, was returned to the policy-hold- ers in peid-up insurance, cash or otherwise, leaving the saving mentioned 129,759, This saving_ covers some policies which had not been in force long enough to have a valu but it is principally made up of a small nece sary charge mede upon each surrendered poi- icy to help in replacing the business so lost, to cover the cost of the change and 10 protect the company against the impaired viaiity caused Dy the voluntary witndrawal of sound lives. Let it be noted thiat were w doing a tontine or_speculative “investment” business the whole 8961,577 of reserve and all the surpius it had accumulated would have gone into the “pooL.” A similar_exhibit of the items available for expeuses, etc., and their applicstion for, say, the last fifleen years, will be interesting ia this connection. Part of prem. provided for expenses, ecc....... $14,704.248 Int. and rents in excess of rate assumed. 14,498,567 Bul., profit and loss. 809,716 Suved from expected death losses ... 6,864,720 Suved from reserves on surrenders. ete..... 1,238 635 Inc. in markct This bas been applied as Expenses 5t Dividenas paid Increase in uce: dividends Increase in surplus 540,431 8,765,726$22,346,121 ness the whole §11,337.131 and all the surplus accumulated by it woald have gone wito the “pool”’ for the iucky ones to divid:—or s0 much as was not_eaten up by the expenses of pushing tor new blood. Similar exhibits by the great group of com- panies doing that sort of business would bs very interesting. They would mark asnothe ing else ever can the precise characier, the enormous magnitude and the startling signifi- cance of the gambling in life insurance carri:d on for the last twenty-five yearsor more and now involving annually policies to the amount of meny hundred million dollars, policies which ought to be sacred to the pro- tection of the families whom they do not guard, which are not taken to guard the family, but with intentto share in what others are to lose. Moreover, such exhibits by those companies woula 10w those people who have lapsed and forfeited those policies and the surplus already crued on them where their money goes; d would show those who have won in the speculation where their money hss come from, apd would show them niso why their speculntion basn’t torned out half as big as the’estimates by which they were led into it. Excess of Strength Above Legal andard. Whoever has occasion to obserye the state- ments of this company, &8 published by the several State Insurance Department reports, will notice that they credit us with a much larger surplus than we credit ourselyes with. For instance, their reports Iast year showed us as baving neacly $1,300,000 more surpins than our own figurgs. This year tne differ- ence wiil be comet] g still larger. The cau: of our awn more cohservative showing is thi The State Departments compute our liabili- tiescn the assumption that we will earn 4 per cent compound interest on our reserves thronghout the longest poseible duration of any of our policies—say seventy years or more. On all policies written since April, 1882, we compute our liability on the assumption that we may earn only 3 per cent. For the long periods our contracts are written to cover we do not_think it_entirely prudent to assume more. This requires us to carry alarger re- serve than the 4 per cent assumption, which is the legal statdard of solvency. Consolidated Statement. From its orgenization to January 1,1897, the company received: For premiums ....$192,111,805 65 Forin 7 For re Hal. p’ Total receipts. It has paid: Desth claims for.. $59,115,154 07 Endowment sor.. 14,568,463 50 For surrend. pol's. 23,80%.729 82 For dividends..... 55.966,763 61 $276,644,509 30 A total returned to policy-hoiders or their beneficia- ries, being 94.87 per cent of the entire premiums recelved. -..$182,454.100 93 It has patd for! Expenses Taxes.. | Total expenditures .. $215,662,927 69 Balance net assets, Jan. 1, 1897... $60,881,671 61 | It bas additionat a3sets’ (see state- 1,970 677 27 $62,952,348 88 the amounts returned to poli Dolders and their beneficiaries (8182454, 109 93) and the balance of income aiter all expenaitures (60,981,671 61). aggregating $243,435,781 54, are (26.72 per cent of the entife amount received from policy-holders. This has been done at an exp nse in manage- ment of 8.79 per cent of the mcome. Botn in what has b-en done for the poli olders and in the economy of management—that is, in the low cost of the great protection given— these results are equaled by no American com- an Tt has been with a cloar perception and deep sense of the absolute necessity to the home 1ife on which our civilization resis and is be- ing built, of simple, straightforward, reliable and absolute protection to the family, that the Conpecticut Mutual has adhered to the piain, uncomplicated, non-speculative ideals of life | insurance pian and method which give that protection most perfectly and st least cost, avoiding those schemes which have indeed gained a great following by offering a specula- tion in that professed protection. Itis with a deep thankfulness we offer the results of ouradherence to the right. if simple, ideal 1o scientific truth, and to true business method. Respectfully submitted, FACOB 1. 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At all ¢ruggists. = N $38,148,547 ere, again, the only item fecding explana- tion is the saving of $1,258,635 1n the fiteen *eh-" on lapsed and s rrendered policies. ese amounted to $70.956,220; the reserve on these was $11,337,131, of which amount $10,098,496, or avout 89 per cent, was re- turned to policy-hoiders in paid-up insurance, cash and otherwise, . Were ours & tontine busi- | HcMURN'S | ELIXIR OF - | |