The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 22, 1897, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 22, 1897. CHARLES M. SHORTRIDGE, | Editor and Proprietor. SUBSCRIPTION RATES—Postage Free: Dally and Sunday CALL, one week, by carrier. .$0.18 Dally and Sunday CALL, one year, by mail.... 6.00 Daily and Sunday CALL, six months, by mail.. $.00 Daily and Sunday CALL, three months by mail 1.50 Dally and Sunday CALL, One month, by mail. .65 Sunday Caly, one year, by mail.......... 100 W EEXLY CALL, @50 year, by mall. 150 BUSINESS OFFIC| 710 Market Street, San Francisco, California. Telephone............. s Main—1868 | EDITORIAL ROOMS: 517 Clay Street. ‘ Telephone... v MaID—1874 | BRANCH 527 Montgomers 9:80 o'clock. 559 Hayes street; open until 9:30 o'clock. 515 Larkin street: open until 8:30 o'clock. [ SW. corner Sixteenth and Mission streets; open antil 9 o'clock. | 2618 Mission street: open until 9 o'clocks {nth strect; open until 9 o'clock. Polk street: open until 9:80 o'clocks | i OAKLAND OFFICE: $0S Broadway. OFFICE! ! :, corner Clay; open untll | EASTERN OFFICE: fooms 71 and 33, 34 Park Row, New York Clty. DAVID M. FOLTZ, Eastern Manager. THE CALL SPEAKS FOR ALL. FERRUARY 22, 1897 MONDAY During the week ending Sat- urday last THE CALL published 43500 of advertisements, which is | | 1 inches ‘ 4.9 inches more than was published by any other San Francisco newspaper during the same time. [ | | | | Honor the memory of Washington. There ief that Weyler | might bave served Spain better as a bul tighter. is 2 growin aiser talks and the Czar plots, but George of Greece acts as if he were every ch a King. In the battle between the Greeks and | the l'urks it looks as if everything would depend on the referee. This is & public holiday, but it is nota day for lving around. Emulate the ex- ample of George Wa-hington. It was something more than a coinci- dence that gave earth’s greatest man the task of founding its greatest Nation. itration treaty with al the future to diplo- As Mark Hanna is reported to have said he is tired of gossip about the Cabinet, it is evident be still shares the sentiments of the people. It is universally agreed that Washington could not tell a lie, but historians say the man who invented the cherry-tree story was capable of anything. The Cubans are so sanguine of success that they have begun to discuss the re- forms they propose to adopt when the Spaniards go home to stay. “There is a mwan | Kentucky who be-‘r lieves prosperity has already struck the country. He got three coons and four pailsful of honey out of one tree. The Nevada prize-fight law should be amended so that the State would havea | commission to act as timekeepers, referees | and stakenolders in all contests. | Bourke Cockran’s statement that heis | “a Democrat without adjectives” is prob- ably the result of the fact that he cannot find any to do justice to his feelings. As some Philadelphia people are trying | to get the State Capitol located in that | city we have at last an opportunity to see just how much speed they can get up. What would Washington have thought of the cause of Cuba? How would he have acted had the Cubans struck for independence while he was President? It is all well enough for the British Government to hold Cecil Rhodes gc- countable for the raid into the Transvaal, but what about the fellows who raided Egypt? The Missourians did not vote for protec- tion, but all the same they are rejoicing because the Dingley tariff is to give lead the benefit of a duty of 134 cents a pound. They voted against the giver, but take the gift. A criminal in Kentucky was arrested, arraigned, tried, convicted and sentenced 1o the penitentiary for seven years in four hours, thus making & speed. record equal to lynch law and pleasing the people mightily. Despite the fact that Cleveland placed about 75,000 office-holders under the clas- sified civil service rules, McKinley will have enough appointments to make to keep his hand in after he gets through with the Cabines-making. Washington hotel-keepers are already assured of enough visitors to the inaug- uration to make the show a success, and any intending visitors who haven’t en- gaged rooms up to this time had better take a camping outfit with them. The Chicago Inter Ocean says: “There | are in Chicago a dozen people who could afford the monetary outlay of the Bradley | Martin ball, but there is not one who could afford to brave the derisive laughter that the essay would evoke.” This is the “first time on record that Chicago pluto- crats have ever been charged with a lack of nerve and collapse of gall. That there is plenty of money to be earned by anybody who has the skill to invent a new way of earning it is made evident by the report that a woman in London has made a great success by or- ganizing an association to give women advice about how to dress. The advice given is much cheaper than that furnished by a modiste and is said to be just as sat- isfactory. No man—not even Mark Hanna—is be- ing more discussed just now than Lyman Gage. According to the stories that are told he has translated the Zniad into blank verse, is a spiritualist, a single- taxer, a goldbug, a mugwump, an anarch- ist and the wearer of a wig. Itseems, bowever, that only the first and the last of these charges are anywhere within gun- shot of the truth. ' GEORGE WASHINGTON. It is a chee#ful sign of npward tendenci es in American life that the observance of George Washington's birthday is becoming more general with the passing years. That it is the birthday of Washington rath either pride or tears. The birthday of Wa: er than the date of some great event in his | career, or than that of his deatb, which has been selected for commemora- tion is significant of our American character, in that it chooses to {hail the future with , hope rather than remember the past with shington has been made the symbol of the birthday of liberty in the New World, and his life has come to staud as the archtype of our development as a Nation, and of our hope as a people apart and contrasted with those of our own extraction existing under other forms of law. There 15, perhaps, no other American whose life history has been more closely scanned than that of Washington for tacts which would either increase or lessen his regerd in the minds of his countrymen. in his early military career, lution, every fact in connection with I of his private Dfe, has been every put to result has been only an increase of public reverence and esteem. Every episode of his youtn, every incident event in the record of the revo- iis official service, every circumstance the microscopic test. The That “the great Virgianian kept slaves,” Wendell Phillips, when it suited his purpose, did not hesitate to say; that he swore at the biographer has not failed to record; blemishes of other men is freely our human estimate of the measure of Was stands as the most perfect type of what the i idual, may reasonably hope to realize retreating Lee at Monmouth, conceded. the faithfal the minor But these things only increase bington, the man. Taken asa whole he American people having produced in the in general under the blessings of liberty that he had some of as ordained, establisbed and protected by American law. Upon the banks of the Potomac, in the city of his name, stands the Washington monument, the loftiest human structure on the continent, and in its grand simplicity the most perfect of all. To the construction cf its interior the quarries of every State in the Union have contributed their probably than the idea of the architect character of Washington, thoush lofty and not at all exceptional or u stone. Toere is a thought in this more subtle who suggestea the contributiof. The grand, was formed of elements which are ique, but like the stones in his monument, are but samples | of yet unquarried qualities in the characte t of the American peopie; qualities which are being developed and utilized in the granite and marble framework of the constitu- tion and society of ev: y State in the Union as the centuries come and pass. THE ARBITRATION TREATY. : The refusal of the Senate to consider the | arbitration treaty with sufficient favor to fix a day for taking the vote at this ses- sion, despite the urgency of Senator Sher- man, is'an evidence that the majority of the Senate are opposed to the measure in its present shape and intend to either rad- | ically amend it or reject it altogether. { There isreason to believe that many of | | the Senators wish to make the treaty sub- ject to the Nicaragua canal bill and will not enter upon any agreement of arbitra- tion with Great Britain until such ar- £ | rangements have been made concerning | the canal as will insure its control by the | United States. The action of the advocates of the canal tion treaty is not the result of any purely jingo motive, nor is the outcome of condi- tions peculiar to this time. Those who | think that the opposition to the treaty is due mainly to the antagonism of Sena- tors to President Cleveland take a very" inadequate view of the subject. It isto | be noted that the opposition has been | made to Senator Sherman as weli as to | Secretary Olney, and 1t is known that Mr. | berman is to be Secretary of Stat dllrmx:‘ | | | 1 | in opposing the adoption of the mum-l | | the next administration. It is very clear, therefore, that antagonism to the billis notdue to any dislike of a particular ad- ministration, but is founded upon the con- ditions of the treaty itself. More than fifteen years azo James G. Blaine, then Secretary of State, sent a aispatch to James Russell Lowell, at that time our Minister to England, instructing | him to inform the British Government | that the United States could not consent | to any kind of treaty which would give | 10 that or any other nation an equal con- | trol with the United States over the aragua canal. In the course of this dis- patch Mr. Blaing said: It a nostile mévement should &t any time | be made against the Pacific Coast, threaten- | ing danger to its people and destruction to | its property, the Government of the United States would feel that it had been unfaithful 10 its duty and neglectful toward its own citi- | zens if it had permitted itself to be bound by & treaty which gave the same right through a canalto a wership bent on an errand of de- struction, that is reserved for its own navy, sailing for the defence of our cosst and the protection of the lives of our people. And as | England insists by the might of her power that her enemies in war shall strike her Indian possessions only by doubling the Cape of Good Hope, so0 the Government of the United States | will equally insisi that the interior, more | speedy and safer route of the caual sbail be | reserved for ourselves, while our enemies, if | we shall ever be so unfortunsate asto have any, | shall be remanded to the voyage around Cape Horn, It wiil be seen from the statements of this dispatch that the Nicaragua canal scheme and the relation to it of any and all treaties which may be made between this country and otier nations has long been a subject of consideration by the statesmen of the Senate. The issue is not a new one to them, as it is to Secre- tary Oloey. Administrations come and administrations go, but the Senate re- maius forever. It is one of the strong points of our form of government that our foreign re- lations are largely entrusted to this per- manent and enduring body of statesmen. Itis only by reason of the fact that the Senate is charged with this power that we have bad in the past, or could have in the future, any such thing as an established foreign policy. Those, therefore, who are most in favor of the arbitration treaty should pause before they condemn the Senate for declining to accept it in its present form, or possibly in any form at the present time. Let us first make sure of our supremacy over the waterway across the isthmus before we enter upon treaties which might bind us in honor to submit our domination of that canal to Jhe arbitration of a foreign power. INDIAN GRIEVANCES. One result of the outbrsak of famine and plague in India promises to be beneficial to the people of the country. The dire calamities which have befallen them have called public attention to everything con- cerning India, and have led men of prominence in England to give considera- tion to the requests which have come from | that country for changes and amendments in the system of government. | For several years past there has been an annual meeting at Calcutta of an assembly cating itself the Indian National Congress. This assembly is made up of natives of in- teiligence and energy from all the prov- inces of the great empire, and the discus- sions held are directed to the end of ob- taining redress for grievances which are felt under British rule. At all of these meetings resolutions have been passed of the same general character, but until the present time they have been aimost ignored by the governing classes in Eng- land. The famine and the plague, how- ever, have aroused the interest of the | British public, and there now seems reason for believing that the people of Great Britain will demand of Parliament that something be done in the way of redress. According to the Calcuita Congress the famine now afflicting the people has been due largely to the great drain of wealth resulting from excessive taxation. Com- plaint is mace of the bureaucratic tend- enciesand over-centralized administration of the government, and it is further as- | ous part of the po terted that much of the legistation enacted by the British Council is unfitted for ap- plication in India, becausg it legisiates over the heads and beyond the immediate needs of a people still wedded to old tradition, custom and law. The truth of the resolutions adopted by the congress is confirmed by Lord Rob- erts, who from his long experience in India as commander of the British army there is well versed in the affairs of the count: He haswarned the people of Great Britain that unless the grievances of India are re- dressed and a newer and better system of government provided their hold upon the country will be seriously shaken. While much has been done for India and her veople by the building of canals and rail- ways, the burden of taxation laid upon them to carry out these great designs has been more onerous than they can bear. They now demand through their annual congresses a larger share in the adminis- tration of the country, and it seems that | unless they obtain it there will be trouble ahead. It is this newly awakened consideration of Indian claims on the partof many lead- ing papers and men of influence in Great Britain that gives a ray of hope to the sit- uation, and promises that the famine and the plague may prove in the end to be benefits to the iong - oppressed peonle. Their disasters bave excited commisera- tion ana caused a syvmpathetic study of their condftions, They have therefore better prospects than ever before of ob- taining relief, and it is to be noped the promises will not prove deceptive or their fultillment be too long delayed. IMMIGRATION PROBLEMS, Secretary Olney has recently received a letter from the famous novelist, Louise de la Ramee, better known as *Ouida,’” rela- tive to the immigration bill, in which she Drotests against the barring ont of immi- grants who cannot read. She states that if we exciude Italians who cannot read we will shut out the best and most labori- ation and will admit the trash of cities. The peasantry of Italy, she informs the Becretary of State, are almost entirely illiterate. She has had many men in her employ during her residence in Itaiy and has invariably found those who could not read ten times more industrious, temper- ate and honest than those *corrupted by the trumpery education of the schools.” | She has, she asserts, an old man in her service who can be sent with fifty com- missions to purchase articles with only oral instructions, and he will execute the order without forgeting a single detail. Such a man, she says, we would turn from our snores, while a currupt youth able to read wouid be admitted. This argument from “Ouida” might at first thought make the restriction of im- migration seem a folly, but it really shows a reason why arestric'ion should be made still more stringent. There are good rea- sons for shutting out the illiterate; there are better reasons for shutting out the literate corrupt, but practicability cuts a great figure in the case, and it is much easier to prove a man is illiterate than that he is immoral or dishon=st. Perhaps some time in the future the can- didates for admission to the opportunities of this country may be required to pro- duce certificates of good conduct for years preceding their application for entry. By such requirements this wonderful iand of ours would become a sort of paradise in a moral as well as a material sense. Such a poliey of exclusion would be a practical illustration of the reward thatawaits on well doing, and would furnish an incen- tive to the enterprising youth of Europe toequip themselves in mind and charac- ter 80 as to be found worthy of admission to American opportunities and American citizenship. COAST EXCHANGES The Traver Advocate, it is said, will shortly be moved to Dinuba, where it will be known as the Alta Advocate. The Solano Republican of Suisun has just be- gun its forty-third year. It isone of the old. estand best weekly papers in California. The Clovis Herald furnishes evidence of its prosperity by enlarging to & sevem-column folio, and by materially improving the appear- ance of the paper. ‘William G. Gilstrap has terminated his con- nection with the Tnlare County News and Tulare Valley Citizen after three years of editorial ser- vice with those publications. The gentleman is a Populist of the ‘“middle-ol-the-road” type, and be assures his readers that his successor, who bears the same family name, will not abandon the Populistic cause. The Rio Vists News states that the rich 1ands of the Sscramento River section have been found to be perfectly adapted to tne cuitivation of asparagus, and that men of ex- perience in asparagus culture are alreedy im- proving the soil of a large ares for the purpose of producing that vezetable on a large scale. Itis a new industry on the river. Frank L. Dodge, founder of the Hanford Sentinel, has retired from the journalistic field, and hes been succeeded in the ownership of the Sentinelby J. E. Richmond, formerly of San Diego. Mr. Dodge hes been an sble champlon of the advantages of Hanford and the Lucerne country, and the paper he edited ranks as one of the best in the interior; s standard, by the way, that it bids fair to maintain. A great flow of gas has been struck on land belonging to Willism Carr, eleven miles south of Hanford, and the Sentinel of the latter place has this 10 say aboutit: “The gas and water were tound at 8 depth of 420 feet, and the flow J ot gas is thought to be the best in the State. It would notbe a bad plan to pipe the gas to Hanford for use as fuel. There is nodoubt but a3 might be found in this vicinity by boring not o exceed 2500 feet.” The Biggs Argus reports the extensive plant- ing ofa new crop in Butte County: “William Grant, manager of the Dalfour, Guthrie Rancho, has experimenied in growing the Winsor bean, called aiso the horse bean, with 200d success. He has just received & ton of the sced with which he will plant 100 acres this spring. This bean makes a good growth in Butte County sofl, yields bountifully, and notonly brings a good price in the market, but besides its popularity for table use it makes a valusble fooa for horses and cattle. Horses aud cattle like it seemingly as wellas corn, oats or bariey, and, it is claimed, the wilch cows fed on this food produce more and richer mi than when fed oa cereais. Unlike the ordinary bean the Winsor variety grows onastright stalk to a heightof from two to three jeet. The beans mature in pods, which Spring forth from the stalk, and ofte as many s elght beans are produced in one pod. Mr. Grant will probebly have several hundred tons yield of this crop for the next market.” Berkeley has come to the front asa candi- date for the bey terminus of the Valley road. The Herald of the universily town expatiates on the matter thus: *Is there any reason why this town should not get the first benefits to come from the building of the Valley road to the bay of San Francisco? “The portion of Berkeley on the bay is such thata-great city can be built here without reference to Oakland, or even to San Fran. cisco. We are situated some five miles from Oaklend and have some three miles of water front that can be made available for com- m Tue certainty of the extension of that road shouid move every property-owner to take steps to prepare for the event. “Toere will be a meeting called of the larger property-owners of the town ata very early date to formulate some proposition that can be presented to the dircctors of the Val- ley road. It is believed that Berkeley ean easily furnish all of the rights of way and ter- minal facilities free of cost to the road, besides raising at least $100.000 bonus in cash.” Watsonville Pajaronian, in its last fs- imparts the following information of in- terest to norticulturists: “Last fall the Beile- flur appies from some sections of this valley showed red spots, and tnis discoloration af- fected their sale. Packers and orchardists claimed that the spot was due to heavy fogs followed by warm weather—that the spofs were blisters. When Professor Wickson was here on the Gth inst. he was shown apoles with these spots, and on his return to Berke- ley he examined them closeley. He reports as follows: ‘The apples wita red spots are af- fecied with a fungus like the shot-hole fungus of tne apricot, but not the same species proba- bly. It can be prevented by spraying with cop- per carbonate solution &s per our bulletin 115. This should be used when the fruit is nearly ripe, just velore the time when the spots begin 1o develop. Itis used in preference to Bor- deaux mixture, because it wiil not siain the fruit. The scale ou the eppies sent is not San Jose scale, but of & closely sliied species. The lime, salt aud sulphur wash is as good for this as for San Jose scaie’ Now that our fruit- growersare informed as toihe cause and rem- edy for the red spot they can do much toward removing it. The scale reierred to is what was charged to be Sun Jose scale, and appeared in old orchards. The wash recommended is said to be a sure shot. NEWS OF FOR:.GN NAVIES. The tetal number of workmen in the British dockyards at home was 23,213 on February 1. A first-class cruiser, somewhat similar 10 the Powerful, 450 feet in length and 14,250 tons, 18 10 be built ut the Porismouth dockyard. The French Government has communicatep with certain English snipbuilders in reference to the cousiruction of ships for the French navy. The royalty paid by the British Adwmiralty tor the Belleville water-tube boilers placed in the Powerful and Terrible amounts to §26,250 for each ship. Sixteen torpedo-boat destroyers for the Span= ish navy have been ordered from J. & Thomsun, Ciydebank. They are to be simil 10 the Furor and Terror recently built by that firm for the Briush navy. The Russian Black Sea fleet lies at Sebasto- pol, with steam up constantly, ready atany moment for service. Itconsists of the battle- ships Sinope, Cutherine II, Twelve Apostles, George Victorious, Tscnesure and Three Saints, besides & number of unarmored vessels and torpedo-boats. The battie-ships are the newest in the navy and are said 10 be very efficient, although none of them are of unusual size. Contractors in the British navy have troubles stmilar to those of which the Cramps and others in this country comolain—that of Navy Department dilatoriness aud endless changes. Toe firms of Earl, Napler and Thames Iron Works lost heavily on some ship contracts seven years ago, the last-named irm claiming to be the loser of £500,000 on the Bleuheim, Grafton and Theseus. The claim was made five years ago for extra compensation because of negiect of the officials, but not until quite recently has the Admiralty consented to lisien 10 the contractors’ grievances and the chances of the Iatter to recover their claims are said to be very good. The naval programme of Japan, according 10 the Mainichi Shimtun, provides for an ex- penditure of 213,100,962 yen (one yen equal 10 60 cents) beiw-en now and 1906. Of this t sum 126,047,975 yen is for ships, 66,92 491 yen for armament and 20,125,496 for im- provements in dockyards. The shipbuilding programme embraces four battle-ships of 15,140 tons each, six first-class cruisers of 9000 cach, three second-class cruisers of 4850 tons; two third-class cruisers of 3200 tons, three torpedo gunboats of 1200, one torpedo depot ship of 6750 tons, eleven torpedo-boat destroyers and eighty-nine torpedo-boats. If this plan is carried to completion Japan will have a fleet nine years henmce consisting of sixty-seven ships, aggregatng 257,100 tons displacement, eleven torpedo-boat destroyers and 115 torpedo-boats. In the iate war with Chine Japan captured ten ships of 15,055 tons displacement, which now. with her fleet already built, forms a good nucleus for ex- pansion. Some of the French naval vessels are causing much uneasiness among the navy officers. The Jeaurreguiberry ana Carnot, recently com- pleted, are samples of contract and dockyard work. They are armorcd ships of about 12,000 tons, the first being built by contract atLa Seyne. The Carnot was built at the Toulon dockyard. On the trial trip the contract-butlt ship performed to satisfaction and the changes and requisite repairs were insignificant. The Carnot, on the other hand, drew much moro water than intended and it was discovered she had ouly breathing space for one-quarter of the crew she was to carry. The constructors added a superstructure to accommodate the crew, whieh Tesulted in the ship becoming dangerously top-heavy, so she was taken back t Toulon with the Jeaurreguiberry to be finally fitted for sea. It seems {rom subsequent developments ihat the constructors deiayed work on the latter ship in order to push the Carnot forward, and the Minister of Mariue lost patience aud relieved three comstructor: from duty and turned the work over 10 others LAW AND SECOND MARRIAGES. Albany Argus. A young widow in France whose husband Jeft her all his property on condition that she should forfeit the whole, except dower, if she married again, was inclined to contract a new marriage, and prudently went to the local courtto see if there were any escape. Itup- held the will, but a higher court to which the question was taken then reversed the decision ©ou novel grounds. The Judges thero said that celibacy, being contrary to nsture, was some- thing which no man, elive or dead, had a right to impose, aud 'that such an act, par- ticularly in & country like France, where the population is stationery or waning, was con- trary to public policy, Upon this the wiaow married, but it seems ‘she was too hasty after &li, for relatives carried the case up to_the Su- preme Court, which ungailantly reaffirmed the original opinion. This French decision #grees with the law in this country, and, we believe, in England. Conditions in’ restraint of marriage are generally held to be void, but there are exceptions to the rule, and one of these exceptions is in the case of & second marriage. “TRANSIT MARKS” FOR THE COAST. E An important aid to navigation, by which mariners along the Pacific coast may readily determine the deviation of their compasses, i likely to be afforded soon by the Chamber of Commerce, Shipowners' Association and the marine unaerwriters, acting on the recom- mendation of Alired and Edmund McNevin, tons of the late Captain McNevir, and masters of the McNevin School of Navigation. It is | proposed that at suitable points along the | coast, from San Diego to Puget Sound, and es- | pecially about the shores of the principal har- | bors, two prominent points which can be brought eonveniently within range from deep water be taken and the true magnetic bearing Diagram Showing Range of Objects on Shore, to Be Used by Shipmasters as “Transit Marks.” of the line between them determined end made known, so that a commander may easily compare the bearing of his compass needie therewith. This is something tbat has been carefully done by Governments, bourds of trade and nautical bodies of Europe, but this valu- able safeguard is here being seriously consid- ered for the first time. A ship’s compass i8 its navigator's most im- portant guide, and upon the minute correci- ness of the ship’s bearing, as told by the com- pass, there often depends the chances of safety and disaster. 1f in the nightor the fog the bearing of the needle and hence of the ship is | & fraction of a point out of the way, the vessel mey strike the reef or the point which she is steered to ciear. The Ccompass needle rarely points truly on board ship and it is necessary to_know constantly the varia- tion and the atlowances to be made for it. Toe swerving of the needle from the true magnetic north depends.upon different things, and, according to the cause, is called ‘“varia- tion,” ¢‘deviation” and ‘“local attraction.” Variation Is due 10 the earth’s magnetic cur- rents, and being constant in one locality is | known and itis given on the charts. Local | attraction is due to the close presence of large bodies of iron and is temporary. Deviation is due to the iron of the ship or its cargo, and must be known for each vessel. This deviation varies, too, with the ship's besring or position. Waen the ship points north the needle is affected by the ship's iron differently from whet it is when the sifip points east or soutb. The deviation must be known, then, for different bearings of tho ship. Asalittle iron near the compass may affect the deviation, the deviation should be known at each sailing. It is supposed that | the late wreck of the stemer Humboldt was | due 1n part to compass deviation. At the in- vestigation the captain testified that the com- pass might have been wrong, for there were a | lot of butter boxes piled on deck, and he iron | in them might have affected the needle. Had tBe captain of the Humboldt been able to easily squint along the line between the shot tower and some steeple on leaving port and com pared his compass bearing with the known bearing of that line, the Humboldt might not have been lost. The captains of the big ocean-going steam- ers and of deep-water vessels keep careful track of their compass deviation by the occa- sional calculation of an azimuth or ampli- tude or an observatiof with a poiarus, but the navigators of coast vessels ignore deviation to a grest extent, depend on observations of shores and lights and take chances for the rest. Many coasting captains are not experts | on azimuths, anyway. By the plan proposed a very simple observa- tion readily taken would ensble any coasting captain to determine the deviation of his compass, and that knowledge would be an- other element of safety to him. It would be a convenience valuable to every mariner who approaches the coast. In Europe and other countries mountain peaks, rocks, tall chim- neys, church spires and beacons erected for the purpose are used. What is wanted is two permanent objects for “transit marks,” the fartber apart the better. About the harbor of San Francisco spires and all sorts of prominent objects about the shore, islands and distant hiils would be taken and along the coast at suitable points, where nills rise some aitance bsck of the shore, natural objects or large posts would be usdd. The location, description and true mag- netic besring of these pairs of objects wounld be given to mariners just as buoys, lights, etc., are now given. In the harbors these points would come into line as the vessels swung with the wind and tide, and at ses a captain could heave his ship to for the brief observa- tion. A few hundred dollsrs or so would provide these aids to navigation from San Diego to Puget Sound. Messrs. McNevin haye ad- dressed a letter to the Snipowners’ Associa- tion, which will be considered at the next meeting and it will aiso com> before the Chamber of Commerce. HURRAH FOR GREECE! Little Greece is full of ginger And her guns are full of shot; For bis job-lots, Abdul Hamid, Lictle Greece will make it hot. While the craven Powers dally And their bounden duty shirk, Littie Gieece has scored a tal.y WIth & vo.ley for ths Tur: Britain’s lion roar and threatens, Russia’s bear cavorts and growis; Little Greece has but on« answer To their frantic, craven howl: “Better war for God and country Than exist in shameless peace " Down with Saltan Abiul Hamid, And hurrab for little Greece! Y. Evealog Sun. PERSONAL. W. E. Janete of Napa is at the Russ. W. G. Gilstrap of the Visalia News is at the Baldwin. D. C. Page, a fruit-grower of Vacaville, is a guest at the Russ. Dr. W. F. McConkey of Bethany, Mo., is a guest at the Palace. Willtam M. Skerrett of the Mere[Island navy- yard is at the Lick. 8 D. Maseland, a business man of Butte, Mont., is at the Russ. J. Copeland, s mining man of Downieville, is visiting at the Lick. E. E. Biggs, a banker of Gridley, registered yesterday at the Grand. J. Arranger of Paris is one of the iate a: rivals at the Occidental. Dr. W. F. Wiard of Sacramento is in town and a guest at the Grand. Dr. J. H. Glass of E1 Paso de Robles is mak- ing & brief stay at the Grand. Frank H. Shorf, an attorney of Fresno, isin town. e has s room at the Palace. L. W. Shinn, a mining man of Angels Camp, is making a short visit at the Grand. C. W. Cloughand H. Walsh, prominent citi- zensof Chico, are at the Cosmopolitan. Henley C. Booth, a young attorney and politician of Santa Barbara, is at the Grand. James W. Minturn, a ranchowner of Min. turn, Merced County, is visiting at the Palace. Mrs. John E. Richards and her two sons re- turned yesterday from a brief visit to San Jose. T. L. Reed and H. M. Reed of Reedley, Fresno County, are among tne late arrivals at the Grand. Gus Levenson, a boot and shos merchant of Sacramento, is in town. He is staying at the Grand. L. W. Burrls, cashier of the First National Bank of Santa Rosa, is registered at the Cali- fornia. J. F, Parks, a mining superintendent of Jackson, Amador County, is registered at the Baldwin. Captain W.J. Bryant and C. C. Cherry of Seattle arrived here yesterday and registered at the Lick. Senator J. M. Gleaves of Redding came down from the State capital last night and registered at the Grand. Senator Shine and son of Sonora are down from Sacramento and staying at the Cosmo- politan Hotel. Harry Harris, the horseman, rewurned to the Baldwin vesterday from a visit in the south- ern part of the State. Mrs. E. ¥. Buckingham, who owu and man- ages an extensive fruit farm near Vacaville, is & guest at the Palace. Mrs. C. L. Dickson, wife of Dr. Dickson of Victorie, B. C., arrived on the Umatilla yester- day and 1s a guest at the Cosmopolilan. Sherift Dan Donshoe of Yuba County came down from Marysville yesterday, accompanied by his wife, and registered at the Grand. PARAGRAPHS ABOUT PEOPLE Governor Turney of Tenuessee pardoned 8§20 convicts during his term of officc. The author of the well-known hymn, “We Are One Day Nearer Home.” is Rev. B. H. Hunt, at present pastor of a Presbyterian church in Georgeto Nebr. In his book on “The Education of the Cen- tral Nervous System,” R. P. Haileck says: “It is probable that one seldom gets an absolutely new idea into his head after he is 30.” The Earl of Kenmore, owner of the tract of | laad upon which the recent bog slide oc- curred, is one of the largest landowners in Ireland, possessing over 80,000 acres in Kerry alone. Public story-tellers still earn a good liveli- hood in Javsn. In Tokio alone 600 of them piy their trade, provided with a small table, a fan and a prper wrapper to illustrate and em- phasize the points of their tales. Prince Ranjit Sinhji, the popular cricketer, was the heir 10 8 magnificent estate in India; in fact, » Rajahship worth &t least £30,000 a year. Buttihrough leaving India snd settling in this country he is held to have forieited his Tight to the same. The Queen of Denmark has shown plenty of courage in her time. The withered hand that she bears was due to a mauling it received in youthful days from a tame tiger which at- tacked her. Though seriously hurtshe real- ized the importance of not showing fear, and drew the animal with her to a place where the palace guards could shoot it. Iowa has been represented in five Cabinets by James Harlan, Secretary of the Interior . W. Belnap, under Johnson; W retary of War under Grant; W. McCrary, Secretary of War under Hayes; Samuel J. Kirkwood, Secre- { tary of the Interior under Garfield, and Frank Hatton, Postmaster-General under Arthur. Senator Allison and ex-Governor Boies have declined tenders of Cabinet places. NEWSPAPER PLEASANTRY. = “Imperious Czsar, dud and turned to clay, Might stop a hole to keep the wind away’’; But when it comes to patching up & tire, "Tis rubber, not dead Romans, we aesire, —Chicago Record, You cawn’t set down no fixed rule o’ con- duct in this life,"” said old Wimgins, the barley- mow orator. ‘“‘Samson gotinto trouble 'cause he got ’is nair cut, and Avbsalom got into trouble *cause he didn’t.—London Tid-Bits. \ I don’t see why you keep an office!” ex- claimed the careless man’s candid iriend. “‘You're never in 1t.” “Of course, I'm never in it.” “Then what makes you maintain it?” ““Why, I've got to have some place for the bill-collectors to come, haven't I?”’—Washing- on Star. She—Then a “tariff-tinker” is a man who wants to make changes in the tariff? He—Yes—that Is, changes which we oppose. If he wanted to make the changes which we advocate he’s be a statesman.—Puck. ANSWERS TO (ORRES:ONDENTS ARGON—E. G. 8., Livermore, Cal. The chemi- cal symbol of argon, the new gas, is A. Not VaLip—P. B., City. Ia the State oi Cali- fornia neither a contract nor a mock mar- riage is valid. THE TaRFP—E. G. S., Livermore, Cal. difference between the McKinley and present tariff s about 25 per cent. The the HAT BAxDS—N. C., Madrone Springs, Santa Clara County, Cal. Embroidered hetbands in gentlemen’s hats are not so common as they were a few years since, still there are some who use them. NoT A VIOLATION G. S, Livermore, Cal It is no violation of Iaw to melt Unitea States coin, but it is unlawful to deface such coin by stamping a name or business advertisement upon it. THE CALIFORNIA VOTE—E. G. S, Livermore, Alameda County, Cal. The electoral vote of California was at the election last November . By the majority rule McKinley's electors carried the State, TANGLEFOOT — E. G. Livermore, Cal. “Tanglefoot” is an Americanism ot Western rigin applied to a vile kind of whisky, one drink of which has the effect (o tangle the drinker’s feet to such an extent that he can- not walk straight. The author of this word is not known to writers of slang history. HALEY A8 COUNTY CLERK—J. L. H., City. During the twenty-four months M. C. Haley 'was County Cler] he expenses of the office were: Saliries, $6679 66 per month, a total of §160,312: 'sia fonery, etc., per month, $115 22, or $2717 28 for the term. The aggre- Eate wat $3792 88 per month, a grand total of $163,029 28 for the term, THE POPULAR VOTE—B. F. W., City. The popular vote for President of the United States 15 obtained from the official returns of each State in the Union. Astothe publications you name in your communication, it is only neces- sary to say that the compilers'take the returns as published in the leading 1apers of each State and use the figures. Sometimes such publications are correct 10 & figure and some- times they are not. The only way to get exaot figures 13 1o obtain them from the Secretary of State of each Stat PoLITICAL NAMES—E. G. S., Livermore, Cal. “Popocrat,” *“Demopop” and “Middle of the Road’’ are political terms which were brought into use during the campaign of 1896. 1t is impossible to trace the nuthorship of these terms, but the first two were used to desig- nate the double-headed ticket, Democratic and Populist, for Bryan, and the last term was no doub: suggested by the picture “The Boss of the Road,’’ representing an old farmer driving his team in the miudle of the high- way and Tefusing to turn either way to commodate two Stylish rigs that ‘were advance ing toward him® Tt was applied to the Popu- liste, who were represnted as movirg between the two great political parties and not wish- ing to give way to either. A CORPORATION—M. V. S., Haywards, Ala- meda County, Cal. In your communication youdo mot state what kind of a corporation you desire information about, but presuming that itisa private corporation will say that Brivate corporations may be formed in the taie of California by the voluntary associa- tion of any five or more persons iu the man- ner prescribed in the Civil Code. A majority of such persons must be residents of the State of California. The articles of incorporation must set forth the name of the corporation, its purpose, principal place of busiuess, the ferm of years for which it is to be established (not toexceed fifty years), number of directors Charsices (ot less than fve and mot more than eleven), and the amouut of capltal stock. LEGISLATURE IN SAN FRANCISCO—M. W., City. It was the thirteenth session of the Legisla. ture of the State of California that was beid in San Francisco. Tne session was opemed in Sacramento on the 6th of January, 1862. The clty had been overtaken by a disastrous flood on the 9th o December, 1861, aud the situa. tion was not paruculariy inviting to the leg- islatois when fhey assembled there. On the 10th of January, when Lelend Stanford was inauguratea as Governor, another flood visited the c“[ and on the next day the Senate Tya vote 0f20 to 13 adopted & concurrent resolu- tion to adjourn the meeting of the Legislature tosan Fraucisco, The Assembly refused to con- cur by e vote of 36 to 40. but on the 22d of the month a resolution to adjourn for the rest of the se-sion to San Francisco was carried and two days later tae Leg!slature met in the Ex- change Building, corner of Battery and Wash- ington streets. SHORTHAND—N. C., City. There is mo uni- formity of system of shorthand used in th courts of San Franciscoand the great dai newspaper: are based on Pit man’s phonetic system. Every system is con’ sidered good, and the rapidity of writing does notdepend so much on the system ss it does on the writer. When the writer thoroughly masters the system learned, bis speed s lim- ited only by his ability to make the necessary marks. LiQuor 70 DRUNKARDS—B., Soalsbyville, Cal. The Penal Code of this State says: very person who sells or furnishes or causes 10 be s0ld or furnished intoxicating liquor to any habitual or common drunkard of Indian is zuilty ot a misdemeanor."’ Anact passed in 1889 savs: Any person who. after recelving motice that a person nemed in said notice Is addicied to the in- ordinaie use of iutoxicating liquor. shall tnere- after, within & period of (welve moaths, fnrnish to Baid person so addicted to the ino:dinte use of Intoxicating liquor any spirituous liquor, wines or intoxicating or malt ilquors, shall be gulliy of a misdemeanor. Said notice shall be given by any adult member of the famlly of sald person 10 addited o the inordinale use of inloxicating liquor. This law does not apply toa physician who may furnish liguor to such a person. Cimizexsme—W. H. G., City. The spondent asks: “If & man born in a foreign country comes to the United States before Lo is 21 years of age does he become a citizen of the United States on attaining the aga of 217 The direct answer to the question is, “Ng but there ere exceptioys. The children of persons whohave been du ralized, being under the age of 21 years at 1he e of (he ua uralization of their parents. shail, weiling in the United States. be considered a5 s thereo silen under the age of 21 years wha res'ded in the United States three years next eding his arriviog at that a @ and who has continued 10 reside therein to the (ime he may make application 10 be admitted u citizen thereot ay, afier he arrives at the age of 21 vears, and er he has resided five years within the United States, including the three years uf his minoricy, be adui itted a cltizen: but he musc make a decla:: ation on oath and prove (o the satisfaction of the court that for two vesrs next preceaing it has been his bona-fide intention o become a citizen. 16 FLOWERS—M. N., City. The Legis- lature at the session previous to the present did not adopt & State flower for California, though a bill to make the eschscholtzia the State flower was introduced: but the legis- lators were 100 busy wi:h other matters to give any time to sentiment. The following are the State flowers as adopted, in most ine stances, by the votes of the public school nat- 1 scholars of the respective States: Alabama, golden rod; Colorado, columbine; Delaware, peach blossom; Idaho, syringia; Iowa, rose} Muine, pine cone and - tassel; Minnesots, cypripodium, or moccasin flower; Montaua, bitter root; Nebraska, goiden rod; New York, rose; North Dakota, wild rose: Oklahoma (Territory), mistletoe; Oregon, golden rod; Utah, sego lily, and Vermont, red clover. Tha flowers of Utah and Vermont were adopted by the Legisiature of each State, and not by tha school children. An attempt: was made in 1896 to hoid a National convention at Ashe- ville, N. C., to determine on a National flower 10 recommend to Congress for adoption; but as there were but seven Statcs represented it was decided to adjourn the convention, which met on the 22d of Octover, until some future time, when o larger number of representa- tives may be secured. An {nformal caucus of the delegates, mostly from the South and East, showed a preference for the columbine as the National flower. The secretary of this movement,a resident of Asheville, is Edwin A, aylor. STRONG hoarhound candy, 15c. Townsend's® e i SPECIAL ipformation daily to manufacturs business bouses and public men by the Press Clipping Bureau (Allen’s), 510 Montgomery. —————— Companions of the Forest. Excelslor Lo {ge of the Companions of the For- est (branch of the Friendly ~oclety of the A. O, E.), will give & mum party in Foresters' bullding on the evening of the 23d. The next session of the grand body of the order will be beld in this ity on the i7thof Mav, the people of Vallejo havine decided 1ot Lo press their Tight to bave it beld in that town. Ihe visit of the supreme grand treusurer. Mrs. Fualconer. accumpanied by Supreme Grand Ciief Companion Mrs. Sarah Beverson and =upreme Grand ~ecretary Mrs. F. W. Morrow, 10 Fiireils Circle In Sausall.o last week was & very enjoyabie one. Loyal Circle will give a party on the 27th inst. Mazinna Circle will give a parly on the 22d of Mareh [0 aid of & fand to procure staffs wi.h which 10 perform the work. Excursion Rates to Washington, For the benefit of 1hose desiring to w'tness the inaugnration of the next President of the United States the Baltimore and Obio Railroad will sell excursion tickets at oue fare for the round trip from al points on its lines in Oblo, Indiana and Illinos. Ticketa will be sola March 1,2 and 3, valid jor return until March 8. Similar tickets via B. and 0. R. R. will be sold by all the raiiroads throughout the West. In addition to belng the shoriest and most direct line to Washington the B. and O. passes through a region of greater scenic magnificence and historic Interest than any in all America. Passengers also have the option of tr: e ing via Akron and Pittsburg or via Bellaire and Grafton either going or returning. The through trains of the B. and O. are vestibuled throughout, equipped with Pullman sleepers and the d.ning. car service is unsurpassed. Information in detall Will be cheerfully furnished upon application by L. S. Allen, assistant general passenger ageut, B, and 0. R. R., Grand Central station, Chicago. R — ““The Overland Limited—Only Thre, and a Half Days to Chicago. C The Union Pacific is the only line rucntag Pull- man doutle ¢rawing-room and tourist sleepers and dining-cars, San Francisco to Chicago daily without ohange. Buffet, smoking and library cars, Ogden to Chicago. Tickets and sleeping-car roser- vations at 1 Montgomery st. D. W. Hitcheock, General Agent, San Francisco. —_—— “Mrs. Winslow’'s Soothing Syrap’ Has been used over fitty years by millions of mothers for their children whiie Teething with pers fect success. 1t sooihesthe child, softens the gums, allays Paia. cures Wind Colic, regulates che Bowels and is the best remedy for Diarrhcoss, whether aris. ing rom tee.hing or other causes. or sale by drng 81518 In every part of the world. Be sure and asi for Mrs. Wingiow’s Soothing Syrup. 25¢ a bottle, ————— CorONADO.—Atmospliere is perfactly dry, sofy &nd mild, belng entirely free from the mists coms mon further north. Round-trip tickets, by steam. ship, including fifteen days’ board a: the Hiotel Jet Coronado, $65; longer stay $2 50 per day. Apply 4 New Mouigomery st.. San Francisco. oo e THERE can be no doubt that a timely use of Ayer's Cherry Pectoral would prevent many serious throat and lung troubles. —_——— The St. Michael Sufferers. The charity musical and dramatic entertain- ment given last night in Union Square Hall in 1d of the sufferers by the recent floods in the Island of St. Michael, Azores Island, was well atiended. An interesting programme was pre- sented. The participants were Signor Ancrun Panella, Mme. Thea Sanderini, Arthur Ficken: scher, Frank Coffin, C. A. Howland, W. C.Stad- feld, 'W. Neilson, ‘Alfonse Hirsch and Mile. Nina de St Hubert. The entertainment closed with “Marriage Is_the Obj-ct of Their Loye, by the Portuguese Dramutic Club. 3 NEW TO-DAY. Anzmia means “want of blood,” a deficiency in the red corpuscles of the blood. Its cause is found in want of sufficient food, dyspepsia, lack of exercise or breathing impure air. With it is a natural repugnance to all fat foods. Scott’s Emulsion is an easy food to get fat from and the easiest way of taking fat. It'makesthe blood rich in just those elements neces- sary to robust health, by supplying it with red cor- puscles. - For sale at 50 cents and $1.00 by all druggists, SCOTT & BOWNE, New York