The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, September 27, 1896, Page 21

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1896. FREE SILVER MEANS RUIN. One of the most novel, interesting and valuable contributions to the literature of the National campaign is found in the opinions of a number of eminent college professors throughout the Union, who have made specific replies to questions | sent them some weeks ago by Messrs, F, | V.:Brooks and R. H. Morrow, two studi- ous young attorners of San Francisco, who are interested in coming to arational solun- tion of the money question, " The professors addressed were all men of undoubted ability and standing, and their replies were nearly all unreservedly against the singular economic views of " ““the boy orator of the Platte,”” William -Jennings Bryan. The men whose lives " bave been spent in the realm of cold logic * and the accuracies of exact seience are not .. readily mi notize the Bryan type of intellectuality. University—DEAR SIR ed by the chimeras that hyp- - In order that the reader may thoroughly understand the history of the correspond- . ence it is enough to say that the following letter addressed to the various professors broug bt forth the responses subjoined: AN FRANCIScO, Cal., June 22, 1896. ssor Economic Department, — : Two college men from Btanford University and University of Califor- nia, having discussed the siiver question from opposite standpoints, are desirous of securing _* " consensus of opinion of the professors of our | . American colleges. In accordance with this desire we address this letter to you, asking if .you will be so kind as to favor us with a brief :Teply as to the conclusions that you have reached and now hold regarding this subject. We feel that a statistical account of the let- tersreceived In answer to this circular letter - will be 8 material factor in the discussion of this subject. If for any reasons you desire . yourname to be withheld we assure you that your wish will be respected. Yours very truly, R. H. MORROW. F. V. BROOKS. The following reply from the eminent Professor James A. Quarles of Washington .and Lee University is submitted first, be- cause a more detailed letter followed in reply to earnest queries from the young | men who instituted the investigation. Professor Quarles said: 'WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY, ] £ EXINGTON, V., July 2, 1896.{ . Messrs. Brooks and Morrow, San Francisco, Cal. - DEAR Sims: In reply toyours of the 25ih ult. . Ithink: 1. That measure of valuesis the basic money “function. 2. That monometallism, 8o far as this meas- | ure or standard function goes, has always pre- vailed and must do so. 3. That gold is now (and has been in the TUnited States since 1834) the single standard of the civilized world and will protabiy remain 80. 4. That the medium of exchange is the sec- * ondary function of money. 5. That polymetallism, so far as the medium function goes, is desirable and practically necessary. The United States finds it con- venient to use gold, silver, nickel and bronze. 6. That all coinsexcept those made from the standard metal are token money, and as such are credit money to the amo unt of their | depreciation below the standard. 7. That silver, by reason of its cheapness, is not as fit as gold for the standard metal. 8. That silver is indispensably usetul as a " medium for exchanges, not the largest nor the smailest. ‘9. That the United States should not change “from the gold to the silver standard. - 10. That the legal tender power of the sflver dollar should be limited to debts of $100. 11. That the Unfted States have more silver dollars now coined than they can econo- mically use, having at least fifty times as many 23 they had in 1873, 12. That the United States have more silver money than they can economically use, leav- ing out the fractional coins, having at least seventy times as much as in 1873, 13. That the free and unlimited coinage of - full legal tender silver at 16 to 1 by the United - letter and further ask your indulgence. better if it could be adopted? The platforms States would lead to silver monometallism, would withdraw from circulation in the United States !l gold money, would thus con- tract the currency, would diminish the value of wages, salaries, annuities, savings’ deposits, life insurance policies, ete., and would be a harvest for speculators, brokers and moneyed men, and correspondingly disastrous to the financially weak. 14. That the United States Government should cease to issue paper money and thus stopacting as s bank of foreign exchange. 15. Thetall banks of issue should be char- tered under National law, 16. That the present distress is not due to a lack of money, of which the United States have more than twice as much in circulation as in 1873, and certainly notof silver money, but is due to a fear in the business world that the United States may adovt the iree-silver policy. “This is my financial creed. Sincerely yours, JAMES A, QUARLES, Professor of Economics, W. and L. U. The inquirer was not fully satisfied, so he wrote the following letter, which brought a8 more detailed response: SAN FRANCISCO, July 13, 1896. Professor James A. Quarles, Professor of Eco- nomics, W. and L. University—DEAR S1R: Of all the replies Mr. Morrow and myself have re- ceived up to date yours wppesls to me the strongest. The concise and logical way you expressed your conclusioas is admirable if not convincing. I want to thenk you for your trouble and courtesy 1n so replying to our Ieast my first vote at this election, and like many other young men I want to castiton the side of intelligence and honesty. To this end I have resd everything and listened to every- body that had anything to say about this ‘monetary question. Digesting these thoughts the best I can I am stil! in doubt. Though in- £lined to favor silver or bimetallism as enun- ciated in the Democratic National platform I would be instantly & most earnest advocate for “gold as a single standard” cou'd I reach the conelusion that such were right and best. As a mere l2d 1 would not presume to criticize your letter, but I do venture upon your kind- Tess to ask & further explanation of paragraph 13 of your letter (I see that you kept & copy of your letter). In what way or how would «free and unlimited coinage of full legal tender silver at 16 to 1 lead to silver mono- metallism”?—*"and contract currency” ?—‘'di- minish the value of wages, etc.” “and would be a harvest to speculators, brokers and mon- eyed men and correspondingly dlsastrous to the financially weak”? 1 infer from paragraph 6 that you hoid that ‘there sre two kinds of money, money and token money; money of intrinsic value and token money, that is, money representative of money to the amount of its depreciation be- Jow the stendard, and, [ presume, money to the extent of its intrinsic value. Am I correct in this interpretation? If the civilized world adopted bimetallism, would not silver have an intrinsic value a: permanent as gold, our present adopted stau- dard? If so, then, does not the Government stamp have something to do with the intrin- sic value of monetary metals, and especially here, of silyer? If, then, our Government recognized silver #s money (full legal tender of intrinsic valug—not token money), would this not give 1t an increased intrinsic value in Europe and sl over the world? You say (in paragraph 6) that all coins other than those made from the standard metal are token money to the amount of their deprecia- tion below the standard. Yousay (in pars- graph 8), and we sll admit, that gold is now the standard. Certainly silver bas not always been so depreciated. Has not this depreciation of silver below gold (the standard) been partly if not largely caused by legislation of Govern- ments? If 80, eunnol,le‘llhfion act in the direction now . DDAP:::: in paragraph 8 you say “that silveris indispensably useful as a medium for ex changes,” though you limit it by lnmu: adding “not the largest nor the smaliest,’ Economicslly speaking, does not all the civilized world want bimetellism? Is it not | our American political parties show thatall the | | United States want bimetallism. Our parties | | only differ as to the method of securing bi- | | metallism. It itis better it resolyes itself, to | | my mind, in this one question: Can the United | States alone force this principle (which all ions at one time recognized and the United | es and others now want) upon the civilized | world? Are we commercinlly strong enough | 1o lead out and fight for this principle of bie | metaliism unt!l it is sgain recognized? My youth and consequent enthusiasm may ac- | count for my present inclined belief that we | ean. If our legislation will not give silver an | increased intrinsic value all over the world, and any of the forelgn Governments, envious of our prosperity or actuated by finencisl gain or any other reason, fight our intended help to the cause of bimetallism by flooding us with the still depreciated silver (silver which has | not increased in intrinsic value since our | legislation in its behalf) cannot the United States put a tariff on foreign bullion and close | it out of our markets? Cannot we punish | them besides by shutting out, in the same | way, their goods and manufactures? Cannot | the great doctrine of reciprocity be applied | here? | Plense pardon the length of this letter, as well as any misconceptions here stated. My excuse is that I am anxious to know. Feeling that a reply from you will not only be & great benefit 1o me but to many others who will | read it, I hope you may have the time to spare i for an answer. Sincereiy yours, F. V. Brooks. | In reply, Professor Quarles further ex- | | emplified his position by the following | | answer: | | BTAUNTON, Va., July 23,1886. | F. V. Brooks, San Francisco, Cal.—DEAR SIR: | I appreciate your kind words. I am an old | Democrat, and as such take pleasure in ad- | dressing one just entering the lists. The free and unlimited coinage of silver as tull legal tender at 16 to 1 would produce silver monometalllsm by the operation of | Gresham's law that the poorer drives out {he better. We should at once drop to the silver | standard, and as gold would not buy here a | gold dollar’s worth it would go to Europe, | where it is valued on its merits. This would | deprive us of $600,000,000 of money, and thus produce contraction. This would also lessen the value of all wages and salaries, because | they would mnot rise in proportion tc the fall | of the current money, and in many cases | | would not rise at all, because fixed by law, | | custom, etc.; e. g., I would still get $2400 | salary, which 1s now equal to gold, but which would then have only the value of silver. GalmVerdict by American College Professors Cornell, Williams, Vassar, Vale, Ann Arbor, and Princeton Authorities Are All for Sound Money rent circulation of gold and silver as equally | impossible with perpetual motion and an in- ternational agreement as a chimera. Yours truly, W. G. SUMNER. From Professor Henry J. Emery of Bow- doin College, Maine, came the following clear expression of opinion: BRUNSWICK, Me., July 25. I believe the free coinage of silver at 16 to1 would be disastrous 1o all business; that it would be an outright depreeiation of the standard and result in silver monometallism. H. J. EMERY. Professor T. W. Carner of Oberlin said: Independent free coinage by the United States would be unadvisable, therefore the thing for us todo at the present time is to come over unreservedly to the gold standard and stay there. * * * Independent free coinage would put us on a silver basis. So far as I know tnis is not disputed by any econo- mist of scientific standing, and even if it is disputed it is capable of pretty clear demon= stration, Of course we could get along on & silver basis, but I think the single gold basis preferable to the single silver basis, because the bulk of our commerce is with gold-using countries. The greatobjection to going over to thesilver basis is the difficulty of making the change. 1t would greatly unsettle credits and, in my opinion, precipitate usin such & panic as this country has never experienced. Those who would be benefited by such a panic ‘would be, as is always the case, those whose business is speculation and who make their money by taking advantage of fluctuating prices and unsteady markets. This class would come out of such a panic | greatly enriched at the expense of legitimate producers: besides business would be para- lyzed for a time and s great waste of produc- tive energy would result. All this could be | borne if the end to be secured were woith it, but 1 do not believe that we would be as well off on a silver basis as on a gold one, and the cost of making the change would therefore be more than a waste. Professor Arthur J. Collier of the Ore- gon University said among other things: My conclusions are that the safest course for this country is to maintain the gold stand- ard or to continue the present policy. Professor Holmes of the University of Virginia declared himself in favor of the present system, referring to a number of volumes in support of the system and con- cluding as follows: 8o long as the silver controversy is agitated This change of standard would derange prices | there can be no restoration of business pros- and furnish the opportunity to the sharp and | perity., Free coinage of silver at 16 to 1 would o shrewd, while the weaker classes financially | would be their vietims. Yes, tnere are several kinds of money: Real | standard money, gold; token money, bronze, | nickel and silver; substitute money, gold cer- tificates; and credit money, treasury noies and national bank currency. It is not in the power of governments, singly or combined, to give value to anything. If they can create one doller of value they can create a billion of dol'ars of value; and, if o, what need of levying of taxes to meet their expenses? Our trade-dollar, with more silver than the legal tender, was worth 80centswhen it | | was withdrawn; that is, its bullion value. | | Greenbacks in 1864 were worth as little a | cents on the doliar. These show that the | | Government stamp does not give value. | The silver dollar is now worth 100 cents, for | | the same reason that the greemback is worth 100 cents, because the Govern- | ment backs both with its credit. But the | Government cannot back an unlimited amount | of notes nor of silver. If the civilized world | should agree to the free and unlimited coinage of silver, silver would doubtless appreciate somewhat by the increased demand for it. This, | however, would not make its value permanent | nor bear the fixed ratio of 16 to 1 to gold. All | civilization agrees to the free and uniimited use of wheat and rice, and yet their values end ratio are not permanent. There would be less loss and danger tous it all nations agreed to the unlimited use of silver, because the loss would not be so great and would be distributed. | There seems no present prospect of such un- limited international use. So far as legislation affects the demand for an article so far it affects its value. Tne shut- ting of the mints of the civilized world against silver has doubtless affected the use and con- sequent value of silver. This, however, has not caused its great depreciation, which is due to the conviction of the civilized worid that | silyer s not suitable by reason of its bulk and abundance to be the standard money. There can be but one standard, and gold is recog- nized as the best metal for that purpose. There are two uses for money. First—As a measure of values, For this use we must have a monometallic standard, because no two things bear a comstant ratio to each other. For this reason the civilized world believes and adopts gold monometallism. Second—Money is used as an actual medium of exchanges in settling balences. For this gold is used in the largest transactions, stlver in those of & medium character, nickel and bronze for petty penny purchases. Paper is more used than they all for making ex- changes. We want many mnetals and paper | for actual treding, but we want but one metal for the measure. Gold is too valusble to be made into cents and so is silver. Silver suits for dollars, halves, quarters and dimes. Nickel and bronze are too base for doliars, but meke g00d half dimes and cents. Our present troubles are not due to a lack of money, still less to & lack of silver, because we have now over twice as much money as we haa in 1873, the golden age of the silverite; be- cause, again, in 1873 we had not a single dol- lar of silver in circulation, and had up to that time coined only about 8,000,000 of silver dol- Inrs in all our history, and now have about §600,000,000 of silver money which is a full legal tender for all debts. We are suffering from a plethora not from a lack of silver. It is the sgitation for free silver which is the main cause of our present distress, because the business of the world is in the hands of gold men, who will not risk an enlargement of business with a possible silver crisis con- fronting them. You see that I have written hurriedly and away from home. If you will get the February and March, 1895, numbers of the American Magazine of Civies, published at New York, you will find my views at length. As & patriot I cannot vote for the Democratic ticket this fail, As I believe the Republicans responsible for our present legislation, which I consider fatally defective, it is aoubtful whether I can bring myself to support them, even in their present plight, for what I belleve o be essential to our weliare—the continuance of the gold standard. Bincerely yours, JAMES A. QUARLES. It is interesting to know that of those who'made reply to the letters of inquiry eighteen professors deciared without re- serve in favor of gold, seven were for in- ternational bimetallism, four were for free silver and two were doubtful. One of the strongest rold men heard from was the inent Professor William G. Sumner of Yale, who said: New HAVEN, Conn., Sept. 2. I am & gold monome!allist—regard & conour- soon drain the treasury, bankrupt the Nation and nearly every debtor and creditor in it. The following from Ann Arbor is one of the most conservative letters received: ANN ARBOR, July 18. The formal instructfon in the science of money in the University of Michigan is given by Associate Professor F. M. Taylor, and he advocates very strongly a single standard gold bass. Personally I believe in international bimetallism, because I think that & gradually depreciating monetary standard is necessary to continued prosperity. HENRY C. ADANS. The following from Brown University is another conservative reply: PROVIDENCE, R, 1., July 13, 1896. I believe the attempt on the part of the United States to carry through free coinage of silver at 16 to 1 would probably, it seems to me, drive gold outof circulation and leave us on a silver basis—a most undesirable 1t— and temporarily atleast resultin a very seri- ous business depression. The United States would make a grave mistake if it should act alone. Yours truly, HENRY B. GARDNER. From the Vanderbilt University, Nash- ville, Tenn., came the following: NASHVILLE; TENN., July 13. 1 believe our present business depression is due to many other causes besides possible defect in the gold standard, silver agitation and threat of change of standard. I believe thatsuch a change of standard as would be precipitated by the iree coinage of silver at any ratio less than the market ratio would do serious and immediate damage {rom which we could not recover in a decade. I doubt whether silver would ultimately make as good a standard as gold; I feel certain thatchang- ing will be far more disastrous for the imme- diate future than retaining the gold standard. I believe the silver agitation ought to be stopped at once. Then we might hope to im- prove our banking laws and remove the “‘other” causes of depression and perhaps dis- cover whether we really do need to change from gold to & bimetallic or silver monomet- sllic standard. While I doubt I am open to conviction on this polat. Ibelieve we ought not to change unless it is necessary. Ido not think the necessity has yel been proved or can be proved while we are agitating for & change. While I very firmly belleve in Democracy and in submission to the dictum of the ma- jority of intelligent voters, I beg to inquire whether you nelieve the voters of the United States can, next November, dispassionately and intelligently decide to flee from the ills we have to those we know not of? Respect~ fully, FREDERICK W. MOORE. Professor Winthrop More Daniels of Princeton is opposed to free coinage, and he gives the following, among other rea- sons, for his opinions: PRINCETON, July 2, In reply to your inquiries I would say: First, I am’ opposed to the free coinage of silver at any ratio by the United States Goy- ernment alone. Second, Iam opposed to any law embodying the principle common to the Bland-Allison and Sherman acts of bulting the price of silver by Government purchase. Third, while admitting the possibility of suc- cessful internatio;al bimetallism, provided a number of favorable circumstances chance to oceur, I am skeptical of the possibility or utility of international bimetallism at the present time. Fourth, Ibelieve the fall in the value of silver—relative to gold—is due both to conditions governing the production of silver and to the demonetization of that metal, Fifth, while admitting that in circumstances, such as aebts of long standing, the general fall in prices has produced hardship, I believe, in genersl, such hardship has been grossly over-estimated, and that the steadiness or rise in money incomes—measured in gold—has fully offset losses occasioned by the fall of prices. Yours very sincerely, WINTHROP MORE DANTELS. Here is a shot from the “‘blue grass re- gions” of Kentucky, showing that nearly all the professors, though Democrats, ‘are for sound money. Itis from Bethel Col- lege and is as follows: RUSSELLVILLE, Ky., June 30. Gentlemen: Replying to your favor of tne 224 inst. T take pleasure in saying that of the ven members of our faculty six hold to “sound money"' and one to {iree silver, and all are Democrats. Yours truly, W. 8. RYLAND, From Dartmouth College the same stable views come, Professor D. C. Wells replying as follows: 1 believe gold to be the only safe and stablg standard of value, and silver only useful as s subsidiary coinage. I believe the supply of gold abundant and likely toincrease, The fall of prices has been occasioned entirely by & pro- duction which 1s twice as rapid in the rate of increase as the population. This is true both in agriculture and manufacturing. Add to this mere mathematical ratio the fact that in most every case the production has been con- stantly less expensive, owing to new inven- tions, useful processes, new fields, etc. * * * Professor Colby concurs heartily in the fore- going views, We divide work in economics between us, Yours respectfully, D. C. WeLLs, From the University of Minnesota Pro- fessor Folwell writes as follows: It is the opinion of the writer that there has been a considerable appreciation of gold, which has worked harm to employers and long-time borrowers. The free coinage ot sil- ver at 16 to 1 woud be a very uncertain rem- edy for the evil. It would result in silver monometa:lism. WiLLtax W. FOLWELL, Professor of Political Economy, Professor Richmond Mayo Smith of the economic department of the Columbia University, New York, replied as follow: NEW YORK, July 6. I am In favor of thesingle gold standard. Free coinage of silver would mean, in my opin- ion,a great prostration of industry, payment of wages in money of less purchasing power, and thus injury to the working classes, loss of em- ployment by the timidity of capital seeking investment, great injury to pensioners, save ings-banks depositors, salaried men and all classes whose income is fixed by custom. Any gain due to the inflation of prices or relfef to debtor classes would be more than offset by the above evils. Very respecttully, RICHMOND MAYO SMITH. Professor John Bosem of Williams sets the question at rest as follows: WILLIAMSTOWN, Mass., July 4. I favor positively a gold basis and I do not think the appreciation of gold is proved. If some appreciation has taken place most of the mischief is over. I believe that the amount of gold is sufficient to make it a sound basis. JOHN BOsEM. The following comes from the depart- ment of Economics and Sociology of Vas- sar: POUGHKEEPSIE, N. Y., July 3, I think international bimetallism desirable, but believe that free coinage of siiver at 16 to 1 by the United States would be disastrous. H, E. M1LLs. Professor J. W. Jenks of Cornell is in favor of international bimetallism, but he says: “I am opposed to the free coinage of silver at the ratio of 16 to1 by the United States alone, without international agree- ment,” President George Edward Reed of Dick- inson College, Carlisle, Pa., is squarely in line with the Republican platform. His letter is as follows: CARLISLE, June 30, 1896. Idonot know & better exposition of my views than to invite your attentionm to the platform of the Republican party enunciated at the 8t. Louis convention. Ido not know of anything sounder in economics than the con- clusion of the platform. So far asI can s the basis of the silver agitation is to pay deb at the rate ot 50 cents on a dollar and eredi- tors to be mulcted to that amount. Sincerely, GEORGE EDWARD REED. It will be seen by the candid reader that Bryanism has not much consolation in the foregoing views of the sound profes- sors of economics throughout the coun- try. As Professor Jchn R. Ficklen of Tulane putsit: *There is nothing good in the attempt of this country to bring about international bimetallism by the free coinage of. silver,” and so say they all, the verdict~ being singularly unani- mous among the professors who are ac- tually teaching economics in the great institutions of the country. DAIRYMEN 10 CONVENE, Third Annual Meeting of the California Association This Week. Sessions Will Commence on Tuesday and Will Last Two Days—The Programme. The third annual convention of the Cali- fornia Dairy Association occurs on the 29th and 80th of this month, at the Cham- ber of Commerce, the first session begin- ning at 10 A. M., followed by one in the afternoon at 2 o'clock, and same hours on the 30th. On the evening of the 30th an adjourn- ment to Mechanics’ Pavilion is to be made, and all attending the afternoon session of the 29th will receive a complimentary ticket entitling them to be present at the exercises and dairy feast at the Pavilion, in the annex, The official visit of Major Henry E. Al- vord, chief of the Dairy Division, Bureau of Animal Industry, U. 8. A., bas in- duced the dairy association to specially invite representatives of several organiza- tions to attend the convention, Following will be the order of busines: Tuesday—Call to orde: by President Mailliard, 10 o'clock 4. M. Reading mempership roll, by cretary. Minutes of last annual convention submitted in printed lorm. Address of presi- dent, with recommendstions for association work. Appointment of convention commit- tees on programme, entertainment, member- ship, legisiative, etc. Additional business ana introduction of Major Alvord, ehiet of the United States dairy division, to members and others. Adjournment, Afternoon session—Paper by Dr. P. K. Brown, representing the Academy of Sciences, on the “Inspection of Dairy Cows for Tuberculosis” 2 o'clock; microscopic demonstration of tu- bercle_bacilli by C. C. Reidy of the San Fra clsco Microscopical Society; general discus sipn on the inspection of dairies; Professor M. E. Jaffa of the agricultural department, State Univer: uI will read a paper on ter Investi- gations of California Cattle Foods”; discussion of the E:’per; J. P. rearson, superintendent of the Fallon Creamery, Tomales, will read a paper on “The Development of the Cheese Industry of California,” to be followed by discussion; anuounce: t8 for mex: day’s sessions snd dustribution of tickets to Mechanics' Pavilion for dairy exercises on the evening ot the 30th. Morning session for Wednesday—Professor C. W. Woodworth of the Agricuitural Depart- ment will advance some ideas on important points in State inspection, to be followed by ;anerll discussion. Major Alvord of the ureau of Animal Industry has been in- vited 10 suggest pians for securing dairy legis- lation, based on his observations in the East- ern dairy States, and. to take part inall the rmceodlug- of the convention, “Discussion to 2 o’clock and adjournment. Afternoon session—Dr. R. H. Freund of the San Francisco Microscopic Society will give the result of his mlcromeglc research into the nature of tubercle bacilll, with answers to questions. Professor E. J. Wickson, associaf professor of agricul tur te University, reads ?‘p“ entitled, “What_ the cow oughi'to do or tfe dsiryman, snd what the dairyman ought to do for the cow.” The dairymen pres- ent will be inyited to give their views on the topic. Dr. A. R. Shrite presents a paper to be read on the subject of our methods of creamery management, compared with that of Eastern States, William Vanderbilt, secretary of the California Dairy Bureau, will make recom- mendations for revision of present dairy iaw for discussion. The secretary will read his re- port of the year's work of the association. The annual election of directors will take place, and the convention will adjourn to the Meohanics’ Pavilion in the evening, ———— Held for Embezzlement. Judge Campbell ‘rendered his decision yes- terday in the case of Stephen Otis,stockbroker, charged with embezzling stock belonging to Mrs. Annie McManus. Judge thought the case be decided upon by a jury, and held the defendant to answer before Su- perior Court in $2000 bonds, IN THE REALM OF RELIGION Pastor Birch Will Inaugu- rate a New Church To-Night. AT METROPOLITAN HALL Arrival of Four Distinguished Episcopalian Missionary Bishops. ALL ARE TO BE HEARD T0-DAY, Dr. Adams Gives Satisfaction to the Flock of the First Congrega=- tional Church. Rev. Dr. W. L. Birch will inaugurate & series of services of an undenominational character at Metropoiitan Temple this evening. The pastor announces that he does not want dollars but souls. Every one is invited to attend, but Dr. Birch has issued special invitation to “‘men who really believe in brotherhood; women who want to help to save San Francisco; tempted girls who want to do right; peo- ple who are thinking of suicide; men with- out a nickel or a friend; the broken-heart- ed, the weary, the lost; young folks who want to be noble and pure; the rich who would be stewards of their wealth; wandering boys and prodigal sons,” If Dr. Birch gets the people he is cater- ing for his Sunday night services will be an omnium gatherum indeed. Itissaid that the pastor began to preach when only 12 years of age, and when but a little over 21 had a reg\finr congregation of be- tween 5000 and 6000 persons. Dr. Birch wishes to locate in San Fran- cisco; he likes the climate and is greatly drawn to the work here. He says, “Every one has received me so graciously that I love the town and people.’”” He has de- clared his intention to become a- citizen, and is joining the Congregational minis- try. There is a good deal of interest in Con- gregational church circles over the ex- pected arrival of Rev. Cnarles R. Brown of the First Congregational Church, Oak- land. The new pastor and his bride are expected this week. Rev. Charles Brown will occupy the pulpit next Sunday. All through the fall and part of the winter he will labor in OQakland, but about the mid- dle of February he and Mrs. Brown expect to start on a wedding journey through Europe, Palestine and Egypt. Rev. Dr. Adams seems to have given a qualified satisfaction at the First Congre- gational Church here. It is expected that to-day a call for a church meeting will be issued with a view to considering the giving of & permanent call to the doctor. The meeting will probably mnot be till aiter Dr. Adams has returned to St. Louis. The General Assembly of the California Congregationalists will open in Bacra- mento on the 6th of October. Four visiting Episcopalian Bishops will reach in this_City to-day. They are: ight Rev. A. Leonard, D.D., missionary Bishop of Nevada, Utah an Western Coi- orado; Right Rev. J. M. Kendrick, mis- sionary Bishop of New Mexico and Ari- zona; Right Rev. William Morris Barker, D.D., missionary Bishop of Olympia, and Right Rev. J. H. Johnson, Bishop of Los Angeles. The pulpits which the Bishops will occupy this morning are: 8t. John's, Bishop Barker: Advent, Bishop Kendrick ; Trinity, Bishop Johnson; Grace, Bishop Leonard. In the evening they will preach as follows: St. Stephen’s, Bishop Ken- drick; St. Luke's, Bishop Johnson; St. Peter's, Bishop Barker; Good Samaritan, Bishop Leonard. The California-street M. E. Church is preparing to give a warm greeting to its astor, Rev. Dr. Pheips, who will preach or the first time this morning. * The congregation at the First Christian Church expresses great satisfaction with its new pastor, Rev. T. Ford. In the Berkeley Presbyterian Church to- night there is to be_a gospel union tem- perance meeting, addressed by the grand chief templar of California and others. A Good Templar lodge will probably be or- ganized in Berkeley to-morrow night. The first of aseries of special festival services, to occur on the last Sunday even- ing of each month, will be held to-day in Howard Prespyterian Church, corner Oak and Baker streets, Rev. F. R. Farrand, pastor, Rev. Charles J. Powers, C.8.P.,, who has been recently attached to the parish of the Paulist Fathers in New York City, has been appointed to the Paulist parish in this City. Dr. Voorsanger will preach hisannual sermon before the faculty and student body of Stanford University to-day. Sub- ject, “Three Old-Time Dissenters.” Next Friday evening will be the begin- ning of the Temple Emanu-el winter series of lectures, POSSIBLE GRAND JURYMEN. Names of Thirty Citizens, Some of Whom May Serve on the New Jury. The names of thirty citizens were drawn from the Grand Jury box in the presence of Judge Slack yesterday. From among the number all or a portion of the new Grand Jury will be selected. They will appear in Department 10 of the Buperior Court on Thursday next, October 1, at 1:30 . M. Following are the names drawn: D. B. Faktor, 915 O'Farrell. A. E. Drucker, 120 Post. Rudoiph B. Spence, 3007 Jackson. J. Ross Jackson, 8t. Nicholas Hotel . T. Akers, 817 Montgomery. 8. B, Welch, 2626 steiner. Harry Durbrow, 333 California, T.J, Btack, 12 Hill, C.§, Benedict, 328 Valencta, Joseph Fredericks, 1128 Sutter. Edward B. Cutter, 2209 Webster. N. Keenan, 223 Scott. William J. Newman, 125 Kearny. C. C. Burr, Van Ness and Filberi George Jones, 508 Folsom. A.J. Esverg, .“"I and Californis, E. B. Lilienthal, 1510 Van Ness. H. S Hagen, 942 Market. William L. Asbe, 1005 Sagramento, E. B/ Pond, Caiifornis and Webb. John R. Marti Howas in, Willism F. Mau, 1321 Sutter. F. H. Beaver, 1401 Taylor. Robert Haight, 226 Front. James C. Nealon, 228 Haight. Robert Higgins, 3204 Sixicenth, glohna Pecht. 530 Geary, P. Hammond Jr., 26 O'Farrell. E. P. Farnsworth, 5019 Washington. Frederick Hobbs, 1016 Bush. ] 1BAs BiLL. Make-Up of the Teams That Will Meet To-Day on Folsom-Street Grounds. Following is the make-up of teams that wiil play at Sixteenth and Folsom streets |. at 10:30 A. M. to-day: ‘Wil & Fincks, . Fitzpatrick .. Pezers OITY OF FLANNEL DEPARTMENT. GREAT VALUES. New French Cashmere Flannels, cashmere figures, Egyp- tian stripes and Persian effects......... Fancy Striped Flannels, medium weigh Jersey Flannels, in fancy stripes.......... Eiderdown Flannels, plain colors, all the new shades.... 45c per yard All-Wool White Blankets, 62x80, fine quality.. .$4 per pair All-Wool White Blankets, 72x84, extra super quality......... -$6 per pair $1 each .$1.60 each 11-4 Fine Crochet Quilts. SE X ABL.A ESPANOI. G. VERDIER & CO., SE. Corner Geary Street and Grant Avenue. VILILE DE PARIS. BRANCH HOUSE—-LOS ANGELES. $567.50 4ROOMS FURNITURE. Kitchen: Table, 2 chalirs, stove (No. 7). Dining-r.: Exten~ sion table, 4 oak chairs. Bedr.: Selected ash set 7 pieces, wire and top mattress, 2 pillows. Parlor: Solid oak set 5 pieces. CARPETS AT LOWEST PRICES. SHIREK & SHIREK, HOUSE FURNISHERS, 747 Market Street, Opposite Grant Ave. TELEPHONE 5391 DR. HALL'S REINVIGORATOR makes the whole fam- ily happy. Send five two-cent stamps for WOMANKIND three months and receive FREE the Woman- kind Cook Book, filled with tested recipes of practical housekeepers. You'll like the paper. It's able, bright and clean. Address, WOMANKIND, MENTION THIS PAPER. Springfield, Ohio. QELS JRON BEDS! THIS SECRET REMEDY stoj . all losses in 24 hours. Restores | BRASS BEDS. | Manbood, Enlarges Small Organs, | FOLDING BEDS cures Emlssions, Impotency, Varico | cele, Gonorrhwa, Gleet, Fits, Stric- tures, Blood Disease and all wasting | effects of Self-Abuse or Excesses. | Elbent 3] Scut sealed, 82 per bottle, THREE BOTTLES, $5: guaranteed to cure any case. | DR. HALL'S MEDICAL INSTITUTE, 855 Broadway, Oakland, Cal. { All private diseases quickly cured. Send for | free book. | tresses, Reclining Chairs, Wheel Chairs, Commodes, Back iests W. A. SCHROCK, pap -t petis New Montgomer: St., under’ Gran: Hotel, S. F. VARI-CO-CELE Wasting Weakness, Failing Man- hood and Nervous Debility Are Easily Cured by TRV T A 2 Wy = = JM\III While you sleep at night this belt soaks your weakened nerves full of electricity and restores your health. It is surer =°§ and cheaper than medi- 2 sine. Dr. Sanden’s Electris Belt has a newly pate ented regulator which makes the current mild or strong while the belt is on the body. No other belt made can be regu- lated. The disease known as varicocele has baffled the medical profession at every turn, The various attempts to remove it have all proven ineffectivc, and some of them even more injurious than the disease itself. The knife, vacuum, compression and massage bave all been tried and all failed, and yet Varicocele and its large following of wasting weaknesses oan be cured. Varicocele is a congestion of the stagnant blood in the veins, with considerable distention of the glands. Electricity will decompose this congested state and drive the stagnant blood into the circulation, relieving the veing of the weakening strain, at the same time contracting the glands which have crowm weak from the disease, thus curing the whole trouble. DR. SANDEN’S ELECTRIC BELT, Recognized by the medical profession as the most scientific method for the application of the electric current to the body, and backed by many thousanis of cures of various nervous and chronio cases, is now acknowledged the best means of reaching the drend Wasting disease- VARICOCELE. Its power over this disease is remarkable. Cures have been completed in one month, and the worst cases can be reache: in three months by this Belt. As an evie dence of recent results the lollowing will b interesting: :'I would like to add my testimony to 1. numerous others in possession of Dr. Sane den’s Electric Belt Co. I purchased a s ong-power Belt from Dr. Sanden about the 1st of Am‘llE which 1 used according to directions, and after three montbs I am happy zol:.uu und l::hy vsarllcott:;}ie. w.hlich was of ]zwe[htnkyears‘ n:nding, 1s almost entirely peared, the veins ng almost normal. ake great pleasure in recommend: the Belt to any one suffering from varicocele.” 5 8 e W. E. JOHNS, 1139 Market street, San Francisco. *On receipt of your Belt 1 was requested to report in thirty days, and I therefors let you know how I am getting along. I must say that the results are away beyond my expectations, and I now believe in the wonderiul power of the Belt. I notice an improvement all over my body, and especiaily the varicocele, which before I ‘wore the Belt were large swollen veins, are almost entirely and com pletely disappeared, and the seminal weakness which I have suffered from for a long time has entireiy disappeared. I am now as strong in that particularas I wish to be. fwl-b you to pablish this letter, that other sufferers may profit by my ex&nunoe." 3 " N. DAMATO, Penryn, Cal., “I bad varicocele and weakness of twenty-six years’ standing. Your Dr. San Electric Belt has cured me.” L. L. JACCARD, Jeweler, San Leandro, Cu.dn Many other cures can be found by referring to the little book, “Three Classes of Men,” which can be had free upon application. Those who have tried other treat- ments will find much of interest in this book or a visit to the salesrooms of SANDEN ELECTRIC CO., 630 MARKET ST., OPPOSITE PALACE HOTEL, SAN FRANCISCO. Office Hours—8 A. M. to 8:30 P. M.; Sundays, 10to L —OFFICHS AT— 108 ANGELES, CAL, PORTLAND, O] 504 Konih Broadwan 263 WAARIOI0A sesen.