The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, January 17, 1896, Page 8

8 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, FRIDAY, JANUARY 17, 1896. FATHER YORK 10 O, WENDTE, The Catholic Doctrine Re- garding Church and State. THERE IS NO CONFLICT. Both Have Their Separate Mis- sions, Declares the Chan- cellor. A LETTER FROM H. W. BOWMAN. The Editor Compares the Progress of Catholic and Protestant Countries. Rev. Father Y Rev. Dr. We! and Civil G he has This, I Man de as he can; | here are interests | All'who believe | 1 ack: edge | n fora | ourselves for | a question. | e saved The answer to | comprehends what we call our { | How human nature on end that when v band tefore, temporal weliare, of heppiness, the org 1 soce As God human nature we call him the s 1f Dr. Wendte wrote 2 book ce! ate A bad impression i call him the author | When God created a being | civil society we call God society of Leo XIII in his “Chris- f States”: e in civil part, provide sments of life, his mentai v ordal in family, sc ouid leac that he sh 3 h his fe civil—w eme Lord of the xception, must be erything.! without to him a ehim whoso- 1 ern holds it from one rce—namely, God, Sovercign ere is no power but from Ged. HE CF If it is necess order to secure just as ne 10 secur ficulty compelied b together, el dif- hanging sep- | arately. No matie h “they may dif- | fer on p , when it comes {0 the | existenca wate or the society they are generall I, howev n drives them b bounds, Tiots, oss of in gs com- stable and an suthoritative go If the people of a | certain region will not do it for themselves by common consent, the people of the neighbor- region will 'd q aud the hand. Men know at once when their temporal interests are in jeopardy, and conse- quently they take measures (o secure them as 5001 as possible. It is quite otherwise, however, when it comes to eternal interest i heve been secured o himself until he is d he may fall into all ki ons concers ing the best way of maintaining them, and scover his error. Hence, mistakes in of onr eter: sts are not self- corrective, as are mistakes in the matter of our temporal As & result. esch manis naturall ato himself, and there are as o ndividuals, necessary in attending asitis in attending to As human nature now though theoreticaily nattainable. History Hence God himself has intervened and has sent his Son to bring about this co-operation by founding a society which will do for the eternal what civil society does for the temporal. This society we call the church. pels the during But co-operation is s to our eternal in '8 our temporal interes stands this co-operati possible, 1s practicall proves this assi CHURCH AND STATE. Leo XIIT sums up this condition of affairs in the following passage from the encyclical al- | ready quoted therefore, has appointed the cherge 0f (he human race belween (w0 Dowers— astical and the civil: the one being set and the other over human things. Each inits kind is supreme; each has fixed | mits vithin which it is coutained, limits which are defined by the nature and special object of the province of each. 5o thal there is, we may say. orbit traced out, with hich the action brought into play by its own nat ssmuch as each of remaining one and the same thing—might belong to the jurisdiction termination of both, therefore (iod, wh all things and is the author of these two powers, has marked out the course of esch in right correlation to the other. For the powers that are are ordained of God. (R: ) Were this not so deplorable contentior nfiicts would often arise, and not infrequentiy men, like tre; at the meeting of two roads, would hesitate in anxiety snd doubt, not knowing what course to tollow. Two powers would be commanding con- | trary things and it would be a derelict:on of duty | to disobey elther of the two. But it would be most repugnant to deem thus of the wisdom and gooincss of God. en in physi- cal things, albeit of a lower order, the Almighty bas so combined the torces und springs of mature with tempered action and wondrons harmony that no one of them clashes with any other, and all of them most fitly and antly work iogether for the great purpose of the unive There must ac- CORQingly eXist between Lhesc two powers a cer- may be compared e tain orderly connection, which 10 the union of the soul and body in man. The nature and scope of that connect determined only, as we have jaid dow i Tegard to the nature of cach power, and by taking account of the relative excellence and nobleness of their purpose. One of the two has for its approx mate and chief object the well being of this moriat Jife: the other the ever!. ‘Whatever, therefore, in thin cred character, whatever bel nAture or by reason of the ferred, to the salvation of sou! of God, is subject 10 the powe church. Whatever is to be ranged under the civil and political order is rightly subject to the civil an- thority. Jesus Chirist has himseif given command n can be . by hia < of its 4 to which it _is re- or to the worship id judgment of the that what s Caesar's is 0 be rendered to (gesar, and what belongs 10 God is 10 be rendered to God. DR. WENDTE'S FIRST QUOTATION. This explanation gives the true meaning of the first quotation produced by Dr. Weudte to prove his thesis that Catholics beifeve in “the supremscy of the church and the subordina- tion of the state to it.”” Thatquotation he ascribes to Bishop Gilmour. I pass no opinion on its authenticity. 1 know that several spurious sentiments attributed to that Bisnop have been floating round in A. P. A. literature. As, however, the present quotation is susceptible of a Catholic interpretation I neither affirm nor deny its genuineness. It runs as follows: “The state is for the body, the church is for the soul. But the soul is superior to tlfie body, hence the church is above the state.” ¥rom this quotation Dr. Wendte mathematically concludes: “Therefore the Pope s the sov- | complete and full and perfect and undivided ina 1 ¢ | Poles, another for the 1talians, another for the | In { teaches that ““God is above man and thechurch | of nationalities and citizensh{ ereizn of the world, and all civil governments must submit to his dictation.” Now, let me ask Dr. Wendte, Does he believe in the saying, “What doth it p1ofit & man if he gain the whole worla and suffer the loss of his own sonl?” or, “What shall a man give in exchange for his Soul?” Does not Dr. Werdte consider the immortsl part of him of more value than all the kingdoms of earth? Would he, like Faust, conseut to_burter his soul for anything this world can give? Hence, is not thé organization, or the belief, or the way in which he keeps his soul 1n touch with eternity more valuable to him than anything that exists? Is it not the ‘“greatest thing in the world?" Is not _superior to_ all temporal concerns? Docs he then conclude that he is the ru fall? And if Bishop Gil- mour said that the church is superior to the state in the sense that the soul is superior to the body, is 1t logical, is it fair to offer this as a proof that Catholics believe in & theocracy? What control has the soul over the body be- yond the control of reason? And every time Dr. Wendte makes a speech does he not strive to control the state by reason? arely ¢ must be very hard to find evidence against the church when her opponents are re- duced to such straits as this. Let me now quote from & few Catholic theologians who are recoguized as anthorities. They will de- clare in plain unequivocal language what is the doctrine of the church. CATHOLIC DOCTRINE. Dr. Wendte says: ‘“The Pope is the sovereign of the world and all civil governments must submit to his dictation.” i Suarcz, the great Jesuit theologian of the eenth century, whose works James I of land had burned by the common hang- man because he refuted the doctrine of the ““divine right of kings to govern wrong,’ say in his monumental treatise “On Law” (book | 1IL, chapter vi, No. 3): “The supreme pontiff has 1o direct temporal power over the world except in these provincesof which be is tem- | poral lord,” namely, the eity of Rome and the | adjoining distriets, of which he was king until | 870. | Cardinal Tarquini writes in his “Institutions | i Ecclesiastical iaw”: =~ “Civil society, even | every member of it be Catholic, is not | 't to the church, but plainly independent { emporal things which regard its temporal | end.” " (Page 55.) The following extracts are taken from the | dence given by Dr. Doyle, the Catholic | opof Kildare, before a committee of the 1tish House of Commons. The members of | t commitiee were all Protestants, and they ked the same questions which evide Dr. Weundte would ask to-day. Let us hope that will be equaliy satisfactor; it and how far does the Roman Catho- obey the Pope? lie Catholic professes to obey the Pope In rs which regard his religious faith and in | matters of ecciesiastical aiscipline which | b already been detined by the competent au- | thorities. it ev | ! | es this obedience detract from what is due } e Catholic to the State? A.—Not In the -lightest degree: on the contrary, | as the laws of God, which the Pope does enforce l | g Catholics, ordain that we shonld pay obed- to the exi: B the country fere we dwell, 30 the obedience we owe the Pope only tends to confirm us in our ailegiance to such Government. Does that justify the objection th: ir allegiance is divi A.—I do not think it does in any way: 1nd t s made we are o obey the Pope in those things that I have mentioned, but_our obedience to the law allegiance which we owe the sov reign are much as they extend to atl political, legal and civi ing or his subjects. {I think the alle- 1Kng and that due 10 the Pope dss divided in their nature as Ings can possibly be. Is the claim tha some Popes have set up to iporal authority opposed to scripture and tradi- In my opinion 1t is opposed to both. h. then, are the opinions of men who | knew the Catholic faith through and through, ‘ | But Dr. Wendte may ask how do I consider it | with the quotations given by Mr. Hittell. These quotations I have already demonstrated | 10 be suspicious. To show exactly what they | are will take a whole letter, whicli I propose to write to-morrow. Therefore, the only two re. | maining quotations which deal with civil allegiance are those from Bishop_Gilmour and | Cardinal Newman. | ANOTHER GARBLED QUOTATION. | { i Dr. Wendte writes: Some vears ago Bishop Gilmour of Cleveland laid down in a pastoral letter 10 his diocese the Catholic philosophy 0 government in the follow- | ing words: “Nationalities must be made subor- | dinate to relizion. We must learn that we are | holics first and citizens pext. Cath ism teac that God is above man, the church is above the State.” This is certainly expliclt and emphatic enough. i 1 wish in the beginning to draw Dr. Wendte's | attention to the unscholarly nature of such an argument as this. He quotes a pastoral writ- | ten ‘'some years ago,” but he does not give us | the faintest jutimation of what the pastoral | | was about or where it may be found. A pas- torel is usually a lengthy document, vet a halt dozen words are seissored out of it to make an argument against Catholi Now I nave not been able 10 find the pastoral, | but I think I know what it was about, It was written at a time when the question of nation- alily was causing some disturbance in Ohio. Catholics of German extraction wished to have priests and bishops of their own race, or, at | least, some busybodies wanted to make out that they did. Indeed, there was a time when | certain people claimed thata movement was under to divide the Catholic body along the_lines of nationality, so that, for instan in San Francisco there would be one Catholic Archbishop for the Germans, another for the | and another for izens. This system is very popular among Protest- | ants, who have Swedish Methodists, German | Lutherans, English Lutnerans, Northern Bap- tists, Southern Presbyterians and so o Against this scheme Bishop Gilmour proteste He was a convert from Presbyterianism and he | was dour and hard to the last. He never ! minced matter, and when the plan was | | native American c broached in Cleveland he ‘“‘charged” egainst | it. Nationalities must be made subordinate to religion. We must learn that we are Catholics first and citizens afterward. Catholicism sbove the state.” That is, the petty jeslousies should not be allowed to divide the church which God estab- lished for the salvation of all. This is the true sense ot Bishop Gilmour’s words, and T say now that if they were in- tended to mean what Dr. Wendte makes them mean, namely, a evil supremacy of the church over the state, Bishop Gilmour wes not ex- pressing_ Catholic doctrine. Is this clear enough, Dr. Wendte? FALSIFYING NEWMAN'S WORDS. The second quotation is from Cardinal New- men. Dr.Wendte writes: So Cardinal Newman, 1n famous controversy with Mr. Gladstone, maintained that the British dinisters should have gone to Rome to ascertain the civil cutles of a British Catholic subject and tha 0 pledge from Catholics was of any value to ich Rome wes not & part Apply this prin- le to our American politi: life and it means ply this: That no Roman Catholic cltizen can rightly take an oath of allegiance without the con- sent of Rome, or. in other words, that Rome Is a higher authority in American afiairs than the Re- public itself. 1f Dr. Wendte has ever read Cardinal New- man’s work I cannot acquit him of dishonesty. | There is 2ot 8 word in the context which bears out the assertion that the “British Ministers should bave gone to Rome to ascertain the duties of a British Catholic subject” Newman is drawing attention to the ridicu lous policy of the English Government, accord. | ing to which, although it has civil and | political dealings with Catholics in_countries where Caiholicism is the established religion, | still it will not deal directly with the Pope. It | prefers to negotiate with unauthorized persons | on matiers not of Catholic teaching, but of civil policy, and then it complains it Rome does not back up everything these unauthor- ized persons did or promised. Here is what Newman says: 1 recollect, years ago, Dr. Griffiths, Vicar Apos- tolic of the London district, giving me an accoun! of an interview hie had with the Jate Lord Derby, then, 1 suppose, Colonial Secretary. I understood him to say that' Lord Derby was In perplexity at I the time on some West India maiter, in which Catholics were concerned, because he could not find their responsible represcutative. He wanted | Dr, Grifliths 10 undertake the office, and expressed something of disappointment when the Bishop felt oblized to decline it. A chronic malady | has irom lime 1o time its paroxysms, | and the hisiors on which 1 am now engaged is 4 | serious Instance of it. I think it Is impossibie that the British Government could have entered into | formal negotiations with the Pope without Is trauspiring in the conrse of them and its becoming perfectly ciear that Eome could never be s party 10 such @ pledge as England wanted, and that no pledge from Catholics was of any value to which ome was noL a party. Again let me ask Dr. Wehdte is this fair? He is writing against a great church,and his words, as far as they reach, affect the charac- ters of 12,000,000 of his fellow-citizens. They do not, as Lie says, take reluge in jgnorance or in illogicality. They say we know the teach- ing of our church, and we know there is noth- iog in it opposed 1o the highest Americanism, and Dr. Wendte brings sgainst them the testi- mony of a book which he has never read, or which, if he has read it, he has corrupted. DR. WENDTE'S DILEMMA. A this letter is already too long T will refer but briefly 10 & point of which evidently Dr. Wendte is much enamored, for he uses it over and over again. The point is that accord- ing to Catholics the church can say What are the limitations of the sphere of the state, therefore the state is subject to the church. Putiing aside fora moment the question of what Catholics do say, let me ask Dr. Wendte how does he solve the problem? He acknowl- edges that church and state are distinct. He acknowledges. t0o, that in points they touch. Nay, he exaggerates the contact. He says: In their practical working church and state con- stantly inierfere with each other, and it is often very difficult to say what is tne sphere of each. Now this interference may arise in the case { populations; when in one and the same cou; | of the same origin. | Ireland was much more clvilized than Scot. { North with those of | any one shouid suy | minds, but sober facts of history. | say 10 the pr | Curtis, “since the independence of the repub- the case of Catholics. What solution has Dr. Wendte to offer? Asfar asi cen inierpret his letter, ne seems to adumbrate an opin- ion 'that the state should always fix the limits. But let me call his atten- tion to the fact that the word state | after all oniy means “a condition” and tnat | the conditions of men as organized for the | purposes of government are many and various. Turkey is & state just as much asGreat Britain, vetlam sure Dr. Wendte is protesting with all his might against the Armenian atrocities. Does he not see how treasonable itis to inter- | fere thus with the State since that State can so fix the limits of its authority as to cover the extermination of obnoxious Christians. Let Dr. Wendte answer this problem: In a conflict between a Unitarian congregation ana a State, who shall ley down the limits beyond which ' the State cannot pass? When Dr. Wendte answers this question I will tell him | what Catholics would do in & conflict between | church and state. Yours truly, P. C. YORKE. oo H. W. BOWMAN’S LETTER. The A. P. A. Champlion Compares the Progress of Protestant and Catholic Countrles. H. W. Bowman, editor of the American | Patriot, submits the following letter: | OFFICE OF THE AMERICAN PATRIOT, 819 Market street. To the Editor of San Framcisco Call—DEAR SIR: In furiher substantiation of our charge | that Romanism is a barrier to civilization and a foe 1o human progress we submit the follow- ing proofs: A iearned French writer, M. Emile de Lave- leve, in & masterly book on “Protestentism | aud’Catholicism in their Bearing Upon the Liberty and Prosperity of Nations,” shows | that the wider the range of facts and the more rigid the induction the more inevitable is the conciusion that Romanism is an incubus on ! civilization. The phenomenon which this dis- | tinguished writer sets himself to solve is thus stated: *The fuct that Catholic races advance | much Tless rapidly than those which are no | lenger Cathoiic and that, relatively to these latier, they even seem to go buck Appears to be proved both by history #nd, more particularly, by contemporary events.” | The investigation is commenced by an in. quiry as to whether the fact can be accounted 107 On the basis of physical constitution or by | the infiuence of externai nature—the climate, | the geographical position, the products of the soil. the aspects of the country, the food. An it is shown conclusively that none of these catises—nor any similar cause—can possibly be assigned as adequate to the production of the actual eff “When Protestants of the Latin race gre seen to rise superior to Germanic but Catholic try, and one and the same group, identical in langunge and identical in_origin, it can be af- firmed that Protestants sdvance more rapidly and steadily than Catholics, it is to attribute the superiority oi the other to the religion they profes In contrasting Ireland with Scotland he says: ifficult not | e over the It is admitted that the Scotch and Irish are Both have been subject to | Until the sixteenth century the English yoke. land. ages, t tion, w barians.’ Since the Scotch have embraced the re- formed religion they have outrun even the English. The climate and the nature of the soiL prevent Scotland frem being as rich as “ngland; but Macaulay proves that ince the seventeenth century the Scotch have in every way surpassed the Englisp. Ireland, on the other hand, devoted to Uliramontanism, is poor, miserable, agitated by the spirit of re- bellion, and seems incapable of raising herself by her own strength. “What a contrast, even in Ireland, between the exclusively Catholic Connaughtand Ulster, | where Protestantis; prevails! “‘Ulster is enriched by industry, Connaught | presents a picture of desoiation.” Passing over the contrast presented by a comparison of the United States and the States of South America,or of the nations of the | be South of Europe; lest se that the “differences wliich are 1o be observed might be expluined by the influence of climate or of race,” M. de Laveleye proceeds to “But let usgo to Switzerlana and compare ! he cantons of Neuchatel, Vaud and Geneva (more particularly before the recent immigra- tion of the Sa; Catholics) with that of Lucerne, Haut-Valais and the forest cantons. The former are extraordinerily in advance of the latter, in respect of education, literature, | the fine arts, indusiry, mmerce, riche: cleanliness, in & word, civilization in all its | aspects and in all jis sense Such irrefutable facts are convincing. They | are not the bigoted utterances of prejudiced In his con- “To the ere of | to consult facts without on, it is thus manifest that more favorable than Catholi- | During the first part of the middle Emerald Isle was a focus of civiliza- | le Scotland was still a den of bar- clusion M. de Layeley every man who de a foregone conclu Protestantism cism to the development of nations. Rome had 8 chance to civilize Mexico and South America, if she were avie 10 do so. But did she? Facts prove that the people there are but little remove irom savages. Romanism | means the loss of our civilization. Hence we s of Rowe, No, gentiemel, W wili not aliow the United States to be Romen- | ized. The civilization introduced by Spanish | Romanists upon American soil has been on | trinl for centuries. Alongside of it, but somewhat later, is the civilization intro- | duced by the Pilgrim Fathers. One has pined | amid the wealth of tropical vegetation and | fcrtile sofl, the other has fiourished amid t: wintry winds and barren hills of New Eng- | land. One has given to the world mighty statesmen, noble patriots, learncd scholars and | world-famed inventors. The other 1s famed | for its ignorance, rude barbarism aud cecle- | stastical seridom.’ One with its vast mines of silver and gold, with 1ts splendid rivers and magnificent harbors, has dragged its way on amid peonage and poverty. The other, with its rocky hills, sandy shores snd rigorous climate, has grown strong and rich and pros- rous. 1n Mexico, Central and South America Rome has given the world an exhibition of her | incompeteney to civilize. Rome’s rule has been marked by ignorance, tyranny, barbarism and ceaseless revolutions, while the other has given the world & government founded upon the rights of humanity, with civil and re- ligious liberty and laws based upon the consent of the governed. It is marked for its cham- pionship of the rights of humanity, for its ad- vanced civilization and its prosperity. Spain gave to the countries she colonized the inquisition and the Sunday bull-fight, and the Pilgrim Fathers gave the other the common | school and the open Bible. Note the vivid con- trast! The Popish countries are shunned by | immigrants as if infected by the plague, while the other has sounding on its shore every year the tramp of millions of feet of those who have flea from Innds cursed and blighted by Popery to seek light and liberty 'neath the shadow of our free institutions based upon the word of | God and the ireedom of conscience. Our sister | republic has lately been making & rapid ad- vance in freeing herself irom the incubus of Popery. The sbolition of the ecclesiastical system of education and the adoption of the state system was a fata) blow to Popery. Then her action in regard to the useless convents, where wealth was hoarded, was a master stroke. The following facts, gleaned from s book entitled "*Aztec Land,” by M. M. Ballou, will prove that Romanism is & bar to civiliza tion. He says: “General Porfirio Diaz, President of the re- public, is 8 man whose iife commands the re- spect of the entire people. His principal pur- Pose is plainly to modernize Mexico. The iwelve years from 1876, when he became President, until 1889, when his third term commence, has proved to be the progressive age of the republic. The only opposition to his government is that of the church party led by the Archbishop of Mexico und supported by that great army of non-producers, the useless priests, who faiten upon the poor and super- stitious populace. At present this party has no political power or influence, but is working at all times in secret, silently awaiting an opportunity to sacrifice anything or everything o the interests of the Roman Catholic church.” “The political struggle in Mexico,” says United States Commissioner Williem' Eleroy assert: lic has been and will continue to be between antiquated, bigoted and despotic Romanism, allied with the ancient aristocracy, under whose encouragement Maximilian came, on the one hand, and the spirit of inteilectual, industrial, commercial and social progress on tne other.” ““With tbe overthrow of Montezuma’'s em- ire in 1520,” says that distinguished native Mexican writer, Riveray Rio, ‘‘began the rule of the Spaniard, which lasted just 300 years, During this tme Rome and Spain, priest and king, held this land and peo- ple as & joint possession. The greedy hand was ever reached out to seize alike the product of the mine and soil. The people were ensiaved for the aggrandizement and power of a foreign church and state. It wus then that the Church of Rome fostered such & vast army of priests and nuns, acquired those vast landed estates and erected such an incredible number of stone churches, great convents, inquisi- torial buildings, Jesuit colleges, and gathered such vast stores of gold and siiver. ~All this time the poor people were being reduced to the utn.ost poverty, and every right of personal and civil advancement was taken from them. They were left 1o grope on in intellectusl darkness. They could have no commerce with foreign nations. If they made any advance in na- tional wealth it was drained away for al and ecclesiastical tribute. Superstition reigned under the false teachings of a corrupt priesthood, while the frightful Inquisition, by its cruel machinery, coerced the people to an apjectness that has scarcely had & parallel in human history. Under such a dispensation of evil rule Mexico became of less and less im- portance among the family of nations.”” This last is a testimony from a native resi- dent of Mexico, and discountsall Priests Yorke of Dr. Wendte just as easily as it may arise in | the land of ignorance. | dimmed, and its ancient glory alone remains | not blignted by Popery. | and he at once makes his me | seen in tl | demned by Rome. | | she is wrapped up in the garments of a past | { infallibility Rome justifi While Mexico offers to give immigrants $50 | he has been separated for the pas fourteen per head the United States would be willing to | give that much to keep some out. Inallthe | South American States where Popery rules civ- ization is &t a standstill and the old Leathen practices largely prevail. Rome as a civilizer is a failure. The other dny a gentieman who has traveled & great deal in speaking of Romanism made this remark to me: ‘I have spent a great deal of time among the Indians who live around Lake Superior. The Romanists have had charge of them for nearly two hun- dred years. What 1s the Tesult: the women are all prostitutes and the men are all thieves, Popery has taken the | manhood all out of them. You can tell a | Cutholic Indian from a Protestant as soon as you see him across the street. The Catholic | 8s & mean, skulking, thievish look; the Prot- | estant has a manly air about him. Ishould think that the Roman priests would come to the conciusion that their religion wasa failure l“"h such results after so many years of teach- ng.” And yet Uncle Sam pays out his money to have the indians instrucied by just such teach- ers. Here is a problem for & mathematician: | If nearly two hundred years of Romish teach- | ug has made the Indians thus instructed ower in morals than before, s0 that tne men are all thieves and the women all prostitutes, civilized Indians out of those they are now teaching? ‘L nere is another country to which we will | turn and gaze upon the civilizing effects ot kome—a country famed for its championship of Popery. Poor downtrodden, priest-riaden Ireland. “Once the seat of learning. ilis now Its brilliant mind is to testify of what Ireland might have been if Free an Irishman from the incubus of Rome in the world. If 1t had not been for the curse of Popery the name Irish would have been a title of glory in stead of & term of reproach. €1 all sad words of tongue or pen, The saadest are these: “I: might have been.” History proves that Romanization means | social deterioration and national degenera- | tion. It reveals the fact that Romanism is a | political poison, the evil effects of which may be | e nations it has destroyed. Roman- ism is a bar to civilization, becauise to Roman- | ize is 10 fossilize. The epirit of progress is con: Like au Egyptian mummy, age. The only progress of which she can boast | isthe progress of siu. The eternal priuciples | | of truth are adapted to ail ages and the highest degree of civilization; but the errors of Rome | are so narrow and contracted that they allow | of no introduction of good thing: { Rome is hardened in her wickedness. She aims to mentslly macadamize her dupes to keep them from developing and expanding under the benign influcnces of civilization and Christianity. Civilization in its scope has no room for a Pope, nor this lana of the free no use for the papal hierarchy. Under the plea of all of her pest his- tory. She boasts of her unchangeable attitude in regard to modern progress. 1f you would know that the papal church has stood athwart the line of progress and modern civilization, listen to Gattini, a member of the Italian Parliament, as he asks: “‘\ihat share hes the Papecy taken in this work ? Is it the press? Is it electrietiy? Is tsteam? Is it chemical anaiysi ? Isit self- government? Is it the principles of national- ity ? Is it the proclamation of the rights of man, of the liberty of conscience ? Of ull this the Papacy is the negation. Its culminating points are Gregory I, who, like Omar, burat | libraries; Gregory VI, who destroyed a moiety of Rome and cremated the temporal sov- ereignty; Mureant 1lI, who founded the In-| isition; Boniface 1X, who destroyed the t remains of municipal liber: n Rome; Pius VI, who committed the same wrong in Bologni Alexander VI, who established the censorship of books; Paul 111, who published the bull for the establishment of the Jesuiis; Pius V, who covered Europe with burning | funeral pyres; Urban VIII, who tortured Gal- | lileo, and Pius IX, who has given us the mod- ern syllabus.” When_Cotnt Cavour, the Prime Minister to Victor Emmanuel, came into pewer, hie under- stood the force of general intellizence and de- | clared that he would overthrow the Papal do- | minion not by fire and fagot, thumbscrew and | superstition—her favorite weapons—but by the introduction of modern civilization. *“I will take Rome,"” said he, “by railways, by electri: telegraphs, by agricultural imple establishing national banks, by grat education on & large scale, by civil marriage by the secularization of conventual property, by the enactment of & model code, embodying | the most lenient laws of Europe, and by the | suppression of corporal punishment. I will place the spirit of modern expansi on face to | face with the old spirit of obscuration. Iam quite certain the former will trinmph. I will establish s blockade of new civiization around If she undergoes & modification she will come to us; if she remains unchanged she will, by constant comparison, become so dis- gusted’ with her state of inferiority that she will throw herself 1nto Our Arms 10 escape de- | struction.” { That day dawned in 1870 with the en- | trance of Victor Emanuel into Rome, accom.- | paned byt e litdle dogeart laden with the | | Protestant Bible and followed by the Protest- | ant missionaries, Rome has condemned the spirit of modern progress and set her seal of commenda- tion upon 1he fossilized corpse of pre-Reforma- tion Romanism. H. W. BOwMAN. THE LAST OF W, C. RIPPEY, Former Friends View the Re-§ mains of the Man Who | Shot Mackay. I The Wounded Millionaire Changed His Plans After His Assassin Was Convicted. The funeral of Wesley C. Rippey, who shot and seriously wounded John W. Mackay, the millionaire mining man, a few years ago, will take place to-day from the | parlors of an undertakingestablishmenton | Eddy street. The body will be interred in Cypress Lawn Cemetery, this arrangement | having been made by his wife, from whom | | | | |~ years From the time Rippey fired the murder- ous shot at the rich man, which was fol- lowed by his placing a pisto! builet in his own body, the assassin seemed to have been shunned by his former friends as they would avoid a son of Cain. After recovering from the self-inflicted wound and after serving his sentence for simple ault, Rippey has lived practically by himself, few people caring to visit him. He had a room at 423 Natoma street, and how he managed to exist was not known to any except a few relatives and Dr. Newall, who for a long time cared for the old man in a professional way. Aside irom the physician and one or two rela- tives few visited him. After he had passed away Rippey’'s for- mer friends remembered him again and all day vesterday the undertaker’s parlors | were filled with old gray-bearded men who knew and liked the aged picneer before his mind became warped and he acquired a mama for shooting millionaires. To | ! how long will it take them to make decent | Jidge from their remarks he was a big- | hearted companion in his younger days. At the time of his death Rippey was 75 years old. During the jast three years, in fact since he attempted to kill Mackay, he has been rapidly failing in health. The bullet-wound nearly caused his death at the time and since his partial recovery he has been on the decline. There is an incident connected with the | shooting that is only known to a few of Mr. Mackay’s friends. At the time of this serious affair Mr. Mackay was preparing to engage in several large undertakings in this City and on the coast. He had the Postal Telegraph scheme well in hand and his confidential agents were looking into several other business ventures. Among these were plans for fine stock, farming, the development of several prom- ising mines, and there were statements made that he would head a scheme to | make a railrozd connection with the Santa | Fe line. At any rate he proposed to make San Francisco his home, and as he ex- pressed it, “‘spend his money in the place where he had made 1t.”’ After he recovered from Rippey’s bullet wound Mr. Mackay evidently expected that the full penalty of the law would be dealt out to the assassin. In this he was disappointed, for the charge was reduced from an assault to commit murder to a simple assault. This disgusted the mil- lionaire and Rippey was scarcely lodged in the County Jail before Mackay began to change all of his plans. Arrangements for racehorses, railroads, mines and farms were wiped off the programme with a rapidity that was as- tomishing. He declared that San Fran- cisco was not a safe place for rich men. ‘When a jury of representative men, so he said, would condone murder by letting | murderers go free or as nearly free as pos- sible it was high time for rich men to hie themselves to safer climes. This he pro- posed to do, and as soon as he could straighten up bhis affairs he left for New York with the determination of making his home in the East. And old man Rippey servad his time in jail_and_then dritted out into the world again. From what can be learned he be- came more rational after his troubles, and realizing that he was socially under a cloud he lived quietly and in poverty un- til death came to his relief. SADLER'S 000 WHISTAKE, | Believing Governor Jones Dead, the Flag Was Put at Half-Mast. Nevada's Lieutenant.Governor Acted Without Receiving an Offi- cial Report, A very strange tale of official precipi tancy comes.down from Nevada, but it comes from such a source and appears to be so well vouched for that it certainly is worthy of publication. The story is that Lieutenant-Governor | Sadler, who, in the event of the death of Governor Jones, would succeed to the gubernatorial chair, had taken time by the forelock and proceeded to take posses- sion of the Governor's office and the full- ness thereof. Believing that Governor Jones, who, for the past week or more has been in a very critical condition at the Palace Hotel, was really dead, Sadler or- dered the flag half-masted on the Capitol at Carson City and at once declared him- self the Governor. He even went further than this and ap- | pointed his private secretary. Then he telegraphed to Governor Jones’ secretary, William T. Hanford, for the keys to the rooms of the executive head of the State. The rumor that the real Governor had vassed away caused him to move in the matter of taking immediate charge of the State, and he thought it would be a good plan to get hold of the keys. When he learned that Governor Jones was getting better every day and that the ramor of his death was groundless, he pulled down the fiag and laid off to await further developments Strangely enough, at the hour when evada’s executive head was said to be dying he was really beginning to show marked signs of recovery. end Ferguson have said on the gquestion. THE LATE WESLEY C. RIPPEY, WHO SHOT MILLIONAIRE JOHN W. MACKAY. Eieproduced from a photograph.} ALL FOR HOME PRODUCTS Review of the First Year of the Manufacturers’ Asso- ciation. MANAGERS DID VERY WELL Comprehensive Plans for This Year's Fight in Favor of California Industries. A special meeting of the exccutive com- mittee of the Manufacturers and Pro- ducers’ Association was held yesterday to hear the report of the special committee appointed to investigate the management of the association’s affairs. The investi- gation was started by the attempt of Director Sproule to oust Secretary Mead, Assistant Secretary F. H. Dingle and Promoter Tacey and have a general man- ager appointed to take charge of affairs, subject to the direction of the board of directors. The committee consisted of M. J. Keller, W. F. Bowers and M. M. Mc- Glynn. These gentlemen looked into every de- tail connected with the management of the association and reported in substance as follows: After a thorough investigation of the work done by this association, largely set forth in the annual report of the secretary, which is presented herewith, your committee has ar- rived at the coaclusion that the past menage- ment of the affairs of the association has been very efficient. Fully realizing the difficulties { under which the menagement labored at the commencement of the work, owing to the fact that the work was a new one and thateve thing tnat was done was to some extent in the nature of an experiment, we think we have good reason to be proud of the good that nas een accomplished, as we feel sure that no public organization ever formed in the State of California can show a record such as ours for the first nine months of its existence. We also desire to call special attention to the fact that the association winds up the first nine months of its existence witha balance on hand , after meeting all liabilities, which we consider a very good evidence oi the efficiency of the management. We therefore recommend that the present management and office staff be not changed, as we are satisfied from all we have been able to discover that the competency of the same is beyond question. Considerablé good has been accomplished by the publishing and circulation of printed matter upon the subject of “‘Patronizing Home Industries.” The most of this printed matter was in the shape of editorials from City and State papers and journals, and contained some very good advice to the consumer, as well as the manufacturer and producer. A great deel of valuabl- work was done through the efforts of the officers of the asso- ciation in the way of letters written to public and private institutions, requesting them to give the preference to Calitornia manufactures and_products where they found prices and quality equal. Another branch of the work done by the as- sociation we consider worthy of 1 men- tion, and that js the holding of public meet- ings in different sections of the State. This work was started by the holding of meetings in Stockton, Oakland, S8an Jose and Senta (ruz, and it was the intention 1o continne holding these meetings at the principel points through- out the State, but it was found necessary to delay the same on account of lack of sufficient funds for the purpose, and it i8 hoped that at a very early date the holditg of these meetings can be resumed. To carry on the work of the association in the same vigorous manner that it has been carried on heretofore, it is necessary that the association should have an income of $500 to $600 per mouth, which amount would permit of restoring and keeping up the office staff and of earrying on the routine work of the office. But in "order to carry out the pians partly ma- tured, more specifically referred to hereafter, in the way of advertising the products of the State of California, and of fostering ané pro- tecting the menufacturing industries of the State,a revenue of from $800 to $1000 per month will be necessary, The association has now a membership of about 1100. Some of these 1100 will probably drop out on the second year, from lack of in- terest or other reasons, but we think we can safely count on having from S00 to 1000 pay- ing members to depend upon, and with the renewed energy that =hould be put into the association work, this number will be very materialiy increased. The success of the Oakland Exposition wes largely contributed to by this association, and it has been suggested and recommended by the secretary that this association should take immediate steps to arrange for holding in the City of San Francisco a similar exposition. This exposition we think should be held at a date as possible, and immediately er this association siould take steps to e and hold similar expositions in every county in the Siate of California. The question of the sale of prison-made goods, in competition with goods made by free white labor, Las been under consideration by this association for a short time past,and through the efforts of this association the Go ernor has just appointed a commission to visit Eastern prisons and thoroughly investigate the subject. Inasmuch &s an inspection of the by-laws shows ihet there is no provision made limiting the amount of assessment to which the stock i3 liable, your committee would recommend that a resolution be passed by the board fixing a Tate of assessment not to exceed $1 per share per month. The recommendations for new work con- tained in the secretary’s annual report hereto- fore mentioned are mainly practicable, and we think would prove beneficial to the work of the association. We desire to call particular attention to the following recommendations: The introduction of textbooks in the public schools of the State of California, such books 0 be got up with an idea to teaching the young Californian what are the developed and undeveloped resources, the manufactures and products of his own State, and other informa- tion of value relating to the above-mentioned subjects. The organization of ““home produet” clubs. Compiling statistics of goods imported into the State. Keeping close watch of all opportunities for the introduction of home products by Boards of Supervisors, commissions and in ail public institutions and private enterprises. Holding special meetings of the different in- dustries to determine what can bedone by this association in the way of benefiting such in- dustries. The adoption of & trademark or device to designate the products of the State of Califor- nia. This trademark or device should, of course, be patented or copyrighted, and full measures taken to protect the same. The bolding of & home indusiry fair in San Francisco. T(he compilation of & directory of home prod- ucts. The persistent carrying on of the present agi- tation against the importation of Japanese cheap-labor manufactures and State prison made goods. Your committee further recommends that the’ present mauagement of this association and the work accomplished by it receive the full indorsement of this boerd of directors, and that the 1ecommendations contained in the secretary’s report, as well as those in this re- port, be given full and careful consideration. At the conclusion of the report Mr. Sproule stated that in the remarks that he had made from which the investigzation was started he had nointention to cast any reflection upon the management, and he regretted that his words had been miscon- strued. He spoke only for the general im- provement and advance of the association, and not because he wantea to find a posi- tion for Professor Emory F.Smith. He moved that the commit adopted. It was not the intention to present the | aunual report at present, but in order that the investigating committee might have a full insight into the work done by the as- sociation fhe secretary sent in his snnual report, of which the following are the principal features: _To-day the nssociation has a membership of 1310, comprising 1180 paying members and 130 publishers, whose ‘dues have been re- mitted. Of the 1180 paving members, 808 have paid the full year's dues of 158" have g:id #450: 137, §3, and 77,$150. There have en dropped from the roliabout 152 mem- bers who have refused to ssy anything. The membership of 1310 (January 1, 1896) Tepresents 272 branches of industry in eighty- nine cities and towns of the State, and_accord- ing to A.G. Dun’s Commercial Agency, has & capital rating of about $82,900,000. It hes been estimated that the members of this_asso- cisuon employ about 52,500 peesons, aud on the basis of five dependents to oneemploye would make 262,500 persons interested di- rectly in theachievement of the object of this association. The magnificent success of the Oakland Ex- | ing St. Helena at 10 t | | 1 | uvon as held December 16 to 28 cen be looked in a large measure due o the educa- i carried on by this association. of the people for home prod- crest i home Industry clearly o that the seeds sown by the Manufactur- grrg":r{d”}’,rlo}im‘evs'(\:soflaxion during the past fine months have aken root and are begin- ning to bring forth good ‘n“{'l Th]ls ([2‘::58: vi opresented at the Oakland X P :__ Tor abont three weeks by a delegate sent by the i directors hofi‘rg;&" to keep the work of the ass nEurLun moving uniil some permanent arrangement ¢an be made to provide a sufficient income, several members of the associetion have agreed to pay a_monthly sum ranging from 2 to per month. which subscription is now be paid. It ai sat the present time to % amo xpected that this will be in- position tiona! worl The enthusias! ucts and their t se State, the Manufacturers ociation supplying them and by-laws and with all old we with constitutions and by-lays necessaiy_printed matter 10 ho i vari monthly meetings and discuss the 3 2d producis of the State. Have the embers of these clubssign pledges to use Home products and supply them with com- plete directories, giving the name or trade- mark of every article manufactured or pro- dnced by the members oi the association. These clubs would in other weys be of immen stance in carrying on the work of the £sso- ciation, as through tnem we conld get infor- mationas to the proancts and undeveloped re- sources of their respective localities. Means should be provided so that statistics could collected showing all articles imported into the State, and by that meens no doubt manu- facturers could be induced to establish plants for the manufacture of such articles as could be profitably but are not made her The association should have men of intelli- gence who could be present at all meetings of Sup ors, commissioners, etc.. to keep close watch upon the awarding of contracts, the urchase of supplies, ete. y We should al+o be able to at all times know what improvements are contemplated by public officers or pri <0 as to be able 10 use th ] jon in be- half of home products before specifications are darawn and contracts awarded. The question of the use of a trademark to be used on California-made goods could weil te opened up again and thoroughly inquired into, ss an appare strong leeling exists that'one could be mads use ¢ After the reports were read and the sug- zestions approved Julian Sonntaz brought up the question of holding the next con- vention. He said that when the associa- ion incorporated in September the officers were elected to hoid office for one year. There were many members, however, who believed that the election was to be had at the annual convention one vear from the organization of the manufacturers into a body iast April. He thought it only fair that a new board should be elected early this year 1f the members desired. . Jairman Scott shared his views stating that the present directors could tender their resignations to be accepted or re- jected as the members deemed best. K The subject was submitted to a special committee consistin: of Keller, Sproule and Sonntag, who are to look into the by- laws governing the association and report at the next meeti He Took It Ont in Trade. The Rev. T. F. Clarke, former pasto~ of one of the Methodist Episcopal churcnes in Syracuse, and now pastor of an inde- pendent church in Brooklyn, was noted for his succe! n the poorer churches in the country districts. He always suc- ceeded in_getting the full amowit of his salary, being content to take the same in cash “or products, as his congregation mirht elect. He was located one year at Bridgeport, Madison County, on one of the poorest charges of the aistrict. At the close of his first sermon to the Bridgeport church, he said: ‘Now, brethren and sisters, I know you have not much mon to pay your pastor, but I think we will get along all right. You who cannot pay in cash pay in potatoes or cheese or butter or hay. Pay in anything you raise on your farm except two things—dried apples and brooms. The last charge I had stocked me up with enough of them to last ten years. Remember I draw the line at dried apples and brooms.”—Syracuse Post. NEW TO-DAY. Before you decide, Better call and in. spect, compare and test the beau- U] B 4 Men'’s, $65 Ladies’, $75 Catalogue free. Agents wanted. INDIANA BICYCLE Co, J. 8. CONWELL, Manager, 18 and 20 fcAllister St., S, F. Danger Signals More than balf the victims of consump- tion do not know they bave st. Hereisa list of symptoms by which consumption can certainly be detected: — Cough, one or two slight efforts on rising, occurring during the day and fre- quently during the night. Short breathing after exertion. Tightness of the chest. Quck pulse, especially noticeable in the evening and after a full meal. Chilliness in the evening, followed by Slight fecer. Perspiration toward morning and “Pale face and larguid in the morning. Loss of vitality. | Ofthe Natiozal Capital First class in . | ments. tee’s report be( If you have these symptoms, or any of them, do not delay. There are many preparations which claim to be cures, but Dr. Ficker's English Ramedy for Consumption has the highest endorsements, and has stood the test of yvears. arrest con- sumption in its 2arl and drive away the symptoms n It is manu- factured by the Acker cine Co., 16 and 18 Chambers St, N and sold by all repurable drugg RIGGS HOUSE, Washinsgton, D. C. The Hotel ¢ Par Excellence™ 1 appolas 3 G. DEWITT. Treas. American plan, $3 per day aad pward. HEALTH RESORTS. ST, HELENA SANITARIUM (Formerly Rural Health Retroat) Is under strictly regular manegement: a quiet, homelike piace, where trained nurses, rest cure, massage, electrical treatments, Swedish move. ments, dieting. baths, physical training, and all that is included in modern rat‘onal medical treat ment, with good hotel conveniences, pure water, even temperature and restful scenery may be obtained. Terms: Room, with board and regu E ment, $12 to $20 per week. S Send for circular: St. Helena Sanitartum, St. Helena, Napa County, Cal. Trains leave San Francieco, foot of Market st., at7A. M. and 4 ¥ M., via Vallejo Junction, reach. 45 A. M. and 7:08 p. m.