The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, January 14, 1896, Page 11

kg THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1896 11 e e IS S o T it G A G ee SR e i v b s o R G RIS S il H W, BOWMAAN ON PUBLIC SCHOOLS The A. P. A. Editor Dis-| cusses a Question of Morality. ROME AND EDUCATION. Rev. Father Yorke Champions Mexico as Against Massachusetts. HAWAII AND THE PREACHERS. The Priest Says They Looted the Isiands and Destroyed the Government. The following letter by H.W. Bowman is ie latest contribution to the big contro- Y in progress in THE CaLL: OFFICE_AMERICAN PATRIOT, ; 819 Market street. § Call—DEAR SIR Rome against our pub- y. The Romsn t in their disserta v of teaching tn e alleged ground lestroy our publ ablish the Comm, 3 ranci iat has she been as our schools were a higher standard ortant qu 1 of an ans teacher oi oralize. P do not co: art and hypoeris manize and papal L re ession. T k is a deceit 1 their privat In their m plety is a stranger {eousness a reigner. "Honor 1 practice f upreme rder without went Bsle To vacation nism be- ics has been n;7 to lig, swear, cheat és eastly pardoned; to 1o believe in the Roman- C ae. e h & nd thugs, the thieves aks and the whisky- es them for gain, at the pure and ance td be ot kill moral sense’ aling” are “nof ' by t ooked the Romanists venue t 3 mati &ndments of rely Popish countries murder is not deemed & All papsl countries are dis- ra reckless disregard of human of blood. Italy is the land of the 1 as of the Pope the Romish ts of Ireland are as noforious for their murders as_for their blind attachment he church of Rome. Rome trains her de vice and encoura; actice ¢ ‘nder nswer fc the thus obtain p a license when Tetzel rdon rue e into en indulgence-shop the committing the blackest Y a5 bee ight at Rome's sp 3y niquity has been put u ubli 4 and the luxury of induigence sold to sest bidder, Paying beats praying, and ty makes up for lack of chastity ¢ priest often commends what so pro- s e glory of the church he irects s inion to s deed of blood. Conscience ates, Teason condemns, the hert gallows looms up in view to upon the base desigu. But while he tes amid the remonsirating sentime: s s nature the priest whispers that he has commission=d of God to pardon the est crimes that ever human judge con ned and send to ever jus hermore, t crime tk e vilest o e sent 10 the gallows. d m And, reward him for t would punish most nder suc red with cr arule of morality and foul with Papish lauds ar ution. Why, under R ng shade dceds have be corrupt men 1 mium placed pon vice L the motive 10 induce i money could not 1 to_perfc The civil 185 ofte the eccles Rome ked to stect public der the guise her foulest s of The criminal escaping from the polic ed to the priest for shelter, and priestly srgiveness prevented judicial redress. The rlest in the confessional has covered up sins hat the Judge on the bench would have con- lemned. And yet this immoral system is al- 1 1o exist under the mask of religion and > commit its horrid deeds in the name of tue. Whata foul outrage on morals! What sgrace to religion Rome has been? A mnaetion Romanized has its conscience paralyzed. Her doctrina: opiates benumb it 50 10t act. The voice of conscience is stified walls norance by which it is en- cased. When the conscience is dumb crime es in_pro! varfety Rome's wiles 1ides the Mazeppa of lust to perd n. moral poizon of its false doc- ines 1 regard to0 confession, absolution and purgatory greatly promote the commission of sin. Notonly by her unwarranted distinotion of si into morial and venial—between the commands of God and_the church—end by her various practices and devices intended to Sub- vert the whole decalogue, but by establishing 2 seeret confessional, whic training-school of vice: by the pernicious in- ence of pretended absolution, which has the fect of 8 periodical whitewashing amid 1ilt unforgiven by God; by the system [ indulgences, in which for the paymeént of money the victims o rt of carte blanche to commit sin, and by the doctrine of rospeet of forgiveness after death, for the peyment of money—the Romish church com- pounds a poison that effectually paralyzes the conscience. Where the people are Romanizea #in is minimized and iniguity patronized. and the victim e | is” practically a | perstition receive a | purgatory, which liolds out tho | ontrary. When all history testifies to the fm- morality of the whole system it is blind folly | toimagine that the same doctrines taught in | ® parochial school would have adifferent effect | upon their lives. The truth is, the parochial | school s a training school of vice. It teaches | what has proved to be the seed of sin. Iti culeates principles that wreck morals, It in- | structs the young in a system of falsehood that glncn & premium on vice in her fold and & d lg::oull‘\! oni virtue outside, caling is immoral, and yet the priesthood { systemlt%cflll)‘ Tobs the people, lnafienmonay | under false pretenses. It enriches itself upon the credulity of the people. Romanization leads to demoralization. The deadly upas tree of Romanism bears no good fruit. That Romanism is a crime-breeder, and hence la demorslizing institution, is proved by the following statistics. The table herewith given is based upon Government returns, and there- fore reliable. It shows the proportion of ille- gitimate births in the cities named: In Papal Paris In Papal Bruss In Paval Munich In Papal Vienua, 51 per cent In Protestant Lo 4 per cent. In Mexico and South America the propor- | tion of murders per million inhabitants is as follows: 33 per cent 35 per cent. {48 per cent, Potestant England 4 Papal Ireland. 19 Papal Belgium. 18 Papal France L8 Papal Austra. . . 26 Papal Bavaria 61 Papal Tuscany . 68 | Papal Sicily 93 Papal States .. 113 Papal Naple 174 For the cost of repressing crime in Ireland of the comfort W. R. Goodwin cen draw from his “look at Mexico.” THE COLONIZATION OF MEXICO. In these letters I have had occasion more than once to speak of comparisons. I have said that & comparison to be fair, should be equal. The countrjes ~et in contrast should have the same, or nearly the same natural advantages of soil, climate, race and the like. The preach- ers, however, 'fight shy of fair comparisons {ust as they fight shy of everything that is just. othing delights them so much as to compare poor little Ecuador with these United States and to set plundered Ireland side by side with her plunderer, England. Hence it is that the Rev. Mr. Goodwin tlmulzht he was_perfectly safe in taking “degraded” Mexico and pointing her out as an “awtul example” to godly Massachusetts, In order to put on record his complete and sublime ignorance of history, Mr. Goodwin fa- vors us with the following sentence: Possibly Mexico was not settled by the best blood of Spain. She was colonized a hundred years before Massachusetis znd by Spaniards of such s, Cortez, Plzarro, Columbus, Cordova, Ximenes and_Isabella. If that was nol 800d blood, whas was it? It passeth my comprehension why Mr. Good- win left out Don Quixote, Sancho Panza and the Cid. Cervantes, Isabelln and Ximenes never saw America, and the Goodwinese style of argument would prove that Massachusetts was colonized by Englishmen of such stock a8 John Dryden, Charles I and Archbishop Laud. Mexico ‘was colonized not with the best blood ©of Spain, but with what I may venture to call the average blood of Spain. There is nothing to show that the mass of the Spanish colonists differed in social degree from the mass of the English colonists or the mass of the French in 1881 the Government spent $7,754,780, while that in an equel provortion in England and Wales was only #4,086,805. The roport stated: “It appears {rom this that the sum ex- nded in repressing crimein England and Wales is proportionately less than the corre- ng expenditure in Ireland by £733.586 #5,667.995) n amount.” { The criminal statistics of Great Britain prove that Irish Roman Catholics furnich the great. est percentage of criminals in thé land. In Treland it requires a larger police force in the Papal couth than in the Protestant north, as the following table proves. In the following (Protestant) counties the proportion of the po- lice to the population is the smallest: Population, 12 Im every 10.000..: 08,508 12 J14 .14 Howing (Roman Catholic) counties of police is the largest: Population. §71u every 10,000..124.483 Antrim... Down Londond rmugh. . yrone. . the the prop: Meath.....rsaorssssens 40 76,987 Tiprerary, So. Riding.42 96,968 Westmeaih . WL 65,109 In Scotland one Romanist in every 271s & minal, while of the remainder only one in * 132 belongs to this category. In the Do- minion of Canads Romanists are less than haif the population, or 44 per cent, yet furnish more than half the criminals, or’52 per cent, In Austraiia they supply more than twice their number of criminalg, according to the ratio of the population, The Times (Liverpool, England), November 8. gives the following facts taken from the report of the Chief Constable of Liverpool: The number of prisoners who passed through the Jail at Walton was 12,985, and the most ap- palling circumstance in co ures is that there was an absolute preponderance of females—a state of things without paraliel in the rest of the world. Divided into sexes and ages the prisoners were: 5537 male adults, 424 male juve- niles: 6276 female adults and 48 female juveniles. Both the Protestant and the Roman Catholic chaplains lament the prevalence of female vice nd the apparent ditficulty of modifying it. But it is among the Roman Catholics that the most ex- traordinary records are obtaihed. An absolute majority of the prisouers. male and female, belong 10 that communion. Of the 12,285 prisoners dur. < the year 453 were Komin Catholics (3582 wen and 4571 women). Father Nugent, the Roman Catholic chap- lain, in his report for 1877, states: Uitk and prostitution Alll the female side of the prison. Of the 4571 women, 1310 were committed for drunken and riotous conduct and 1555 for dis- orderly bebavior upon the streets. Not & week passes Wwithout somie one being brought to the < has maddened and robbed of female decency, whose language and actions s0 horrible that they seem no longer rational ngs, but fiends. his statement has been since fully con- firmed by Father Nugent. In his address at Darlington on the 15th of October, 1886, re- ported in the Catholic Times October 22, 1886, he stated that “his daily duty during the past twenty - itwo years had been within her Majesty’s prison at Liverpool,and it had af- forded him daily opportunities of studying mankind. Last yeer there were 21,524 prison- ers commitied 10 that prison. Of these 1: fell to his charge as Roman Catholic chap- | lain.” Again, in his address at the League Hall, | Liverpool, on Thursday, November 11, 1836, | reporied in the Catholic Times November 12, | 1826, Father Nugent, alluding to the immoral- | ity prevailing 1n Liverpool, said: *“Nine out of | ten of the girls to be seen at night along Lon- | don rosd or Lime street were Catholios—there | was 1o use hiding it. The Sisters ot Notre | Dame hed 15,000 girls under their: charge, What became of them after they left school? They went into places where they got work, and’ instead of going home at night went out | with their compenions.” Again, in his address at Liverpool, reported in the Romish paper, the Catholic Times, May 25, 1894, the sune Father Nugent, now the Right Rev. Monsignor Nugent, stated: “For & period of thirty vears he had come into closer | contact with Lhose poor creatures, on account | of his official connection with the prison, than possibly any other clergyman. Speaking gen- erally, there were about 5000 (Roman) Catholic | | womenh sent to the prison every year. Of that | number &t least 65 per cent, if'not 70 per cent, | were poor girls on the streets. In 1891, when all are be the Liverpool police began to proseciite the | of wrong, but Las Casas was not daunted. keepers of immoral houses, no less than 818 pezsons were proceeded agaiusi for that offense. It was estimated at one time that 1000 of these poor girls were displaced.” Heury Cabot Lodge, Senator from Massachu- setts, in discussing the question of immigra- tion in the North American Peview, presents the following startling figures in reference to crime, as 6own in the census of 1880. His ummaries of white population are as foilows: ive paren In per cent 62 ection with these fig- | colonis: As far as blood goes Massachusetts and Mexico started equal. GODLY MASSACHUSETTS, A very remarkable difference, however, Was developed from the start. The Massachusetts People were Protestants of the straightest sect, the Spaniards were Catholics. The Pilgrims were received by a peaceable, pure and simpie tribe of Indians who dwelt round what is now called Plymouth, In return for this hospi- tality the newcomers stole the land, cut down the forest, and proclaimed it as & principle that Indians and wolves could be shot on sight. In Bancroft, vol. I1I, p. 836, Mr. Goodwin will find how the government of Massachusetts oi- fered for each Indian scalp, first a bounty of £15 and afterward of £100 of English money, He will remember how organized bands of marauders led by preachers descended on the Indian villages and extermineted the inhab- itants by the thousands. Let me quote from a letter written by the Hon. Jeremiah S. Black to Hon. James A. Garfield and published in the Congressional Record, Forty-seventh Congre: special session of Senate, vol. X1I, No. 37, May B.1881, p. 9. Speaking of the men of Massa- chusetts Mr. Black writes: Without cause or provocation, and_without notice or warning, they fell upon the Pequods, massacred inany of tuem and made slaves of the survivors, without distinction of age or sex, About 700, wucluding many women and childrén, were sent to the Wes: Indies and there sold on public account, the proceeds being put in the coloniul treasury. Eight score of th nfortunate peopie escaped from the butchery by flight and afterward gave themselves up on the solemn promise of the wuthorities that they shonld neither be put to death nor enslaved. The promise was broken with as little remorse as & modern abolitionist would violste his oath to support the constitution. The “‘precious results of the war” were not to be 108t by an honest observance zed faith, and the victims of this infs 3 v were all of them shipped to Bartadoes and soid {or “swapped for blackamoors.” This practice of ensiaving tneir captives was uniform, covered all case Including women and child: as well as fighting men. When death put King Philip beyond their reach they sent his wife and child with the Test to be sold into siavery. made bad slaves. They were hard to tame. escaped inio the forest and had to be hunted down, brought buck and branded. They be sullen and disobedient. The A on the contrary, ‘‘accepted the situation,” w casily domesticated and bore ‘the yoke with murmuring. Forthat reason it became a set rule of public and private economy in Massachu- setts to exchange worthicss Indiins for valuable negroes, cheating their West India customers in every trade. d » « “In 1643 Emanuel Downing, the foremost law- T in the colony and & lea fiuence, as well as high couuections, made a writ- en argnment in favor of a war with the Narragan- setts. ‘I doubt s he, ‘if it be not synue in us, having pow n our hands, to suffer them to mayu- tayne the worship of the devil, which their pa wows often'doe. * * * 1f upon a just war the Lord should deliver th into our hand, we might eastly have men, women and children to exchi 1or Moors (negroes), which will be more gayneful piiladge for us than wee con ve, for 1 do not see how we can thrive until we get into a stock of slaves suflicient to do all our business.” The result of such & policy itis eacy to fore- see. According to the census of 1890 there are exactly 423 Indians leftin the Commonwealth of Massachusett, where hundreds af thousands lived in peace before the Pilgrims came. THE CHURCH AND THE INDIANS. When the s they proceeded to treat thein rim fathers did afterward. but not every one knows that rhe destruction of the mild and inoffensive inhabitants of that { island proved the salvation of therace through- out all Spanish America. Greed and injustice are the same in Catholics as in_Protestants and work the same evils through Spaniards as through Englishmen. But there was this difference: in Massachusetts there was no power to curb rapacity, in Spain there was. In Massachusetts the Protestant church gave her ofiicial sanction to the termination of the Indians; in_ Spanish America the. Catholic church stood between the invaders and their victims. Seven years after the establishment of Indian slavery in Hispeniola the hoyrors of it roused the church to actioh. A Dominican monk, Antonfo Monte- sino, claims the honor of being the first advo- cate’ of personal liberty on this side of the Atlantic. He was followed by Las Casas, the first priest ordained in America, who devoted a long and laborious life to the protection of the Indian. Then, as often since, political and | commercial {nterests were ranged on the sl,tl]e e carried the story of Indian woe to the father of Christendom, and in a magnificeut bull, dated 154 7,P0p€Puul'llJ‘proclnuucfl the doctrine that the Indians were freemen and entitled fo all the rights of freemen. *“We define and de- clare,” runs the conclusion of the bull, “that the Indians and other races that may hereafter be discovered by Caristians, even though they stlll remain pagans, can freely and lawfully possess, use and enjoy their frgedom and the ownership of their property, and must not be Foreign parentage. In per cent ¥1 Foreign born, In per cent 17 Criminals—“Of the convicts in penitentia- ries 48 per cent are of native parentage, 52 per cent are of foreign birth or xpnl’enlljle; or, in other words, while persons of foreign birth or parentage furnish a little more than one-third of the total white population of the country, they furnish more than half the criminals.” As the majority of the foreigners are Roman- | ists; and the hoodlum Irish, of foreign parent- age, furnish a large per cent of native crimi- nals, it foliows that the majority of the | Jaw-breakers in our lend are Romanists. Apd “this is the system that denounces our schools | as immoral! O tempora! O mores! | H. W. BOWMAN. | . | FATHER YOREKE TO DR. GOODWIN. | The Priest Champions Mexico and Hawaii as | Against the Minister. | The Rev. Father Yorke replies to the | Rev. Mr. Goodwin in the follewing letter: BAN FraNcisco, Jan. 13, 1896. To the Editor of the Call—DEAR SIR: I regret | very much that the late developments in this controversy have Hrevemed me from paying my respedts to the Rev. Mr, Goodwin according o promise. Iam afraid if any more defenders | of intolerance spring into the arena I shail be compelied to parcel out the days of the week | mmong them and devote Monday to one, Tues- to another and 0 on. I must confess that | Ifind it difficult at times to keep the threads of the arguments distinct, and I realize that reduced to slavery.” Hence it was that though the Spaniards con- | quered the country the iuhabitants were | spared. Zealous missionaries went and dwelt | umong them and reclaimed them from fvngxlrh | ism. These missionaries stood always for the | Indians’ rights. The sacrament of marriage | sanctified the union of the Spanish soldier with his native wife and made it indissoluble. The tribes were taught there was & moral force in | the land to which the haughtiest conqueror was | compelled to bow. The cross was mightier than the sword, and the shadow of the cross has saved the aborigines. Protestant civiliza- tion has reduced the number of Indians in these United States to 250,000. Catholic civil- ization has brought the blessings of the faitn 10 16,000,000 who dwell in_the homes of their fathers, from the Rio Grande to Patagonia. 1f Mr. Goodwin will carefully compare the godly and evangelical sentimenis of Emman- uel Downing with the Popish doctrine as cnunciated by Paul III he will understand how it is that the Eagululion of Massachusetts is made up of 2,215,373 whités and only 428 Inaians, while the population of Mexico com- prises 4,180,000 puce ndians, 4,730,000 hali- breeds and 2,090,000 white MEXICO AND MASEACHUSETTS, This is a fact which the preachers are very careful to keep ouv of sight when they bid s “look at Mexico.” I wonder what kind of showing progressive Massachusetts wounld make if her two millions of whites were sub- merged in a colored population of nine mil- lions ? We have only to look to the degraded, whisky-sodden denizens of our reservations to find the answer. 1f the Catholic Spaniards had, Pure morals and Romish practices are not | the general public must now and again won- | like the Puritans, clevated their country by found in conjunction. Papal credence takes precedence. Christian charity is a Romish rerity. Romanismis & crime-brecder. Rascal- iy has fed at the papal stall. Rum has swelled the revenues of the church. Sin has been whitewasbed and iniquity justified in | her theolog: Rome's hear is foul and her bands red with blood. Rome’s morals are ime pure and her teachings bad. Concerning the immorsality of Romanism, carefully tabulated statistics have proved the following facts: First—That the majority of saloon-keepers in this country are Romanists. But selling liquor is an jmmoral business. Instead of excom- municating them Rome fostersand encourages the business. Just think of it! Curse and de- nounce those who send their children to the public schools, and then bless saloon-keepers! Second—The majorily of those arrested for drunkenness are Romanists. They figure prin- cipally in saloon rows. But drunkenness is immoral; therefore the Romanists who are druokards are immoral. Third—The jails of the land are filled with Romanists, They turnish the largest percentage of the criminal classes. But none but immoral men, as & rule, go 1o jail; hence, Kome’s jail- birds are immoral. Fourth —The majority of those who are hanged for murder are Papists. Surely, mur- der is not & moral act. You will aimost inev- itably find a priest at the gallows when & man is to be hanged. Now, here are o few ques- tions for thinkers: Will not like causes pro- iuce like results? If the teachings of Rome ere 80 prohfic of vice whea received through he medium of the church, will they be any e less so when taught in the parochial hool? Tfthe teachings of the priests in the \urch do not prevent gross immoralities on ‘he part of the people, will they have any ore l,nurll potency when distilled in a school- house? der with the inquiring politician, * we at?'’ Thz occasion of the present letter is a speech | made by one W. R. Goodwin at the Metropoli- | tan Temple on Sunday, January 5. In that | speech W. R. Goodwin said: | , Look at the Mexico of to-day. Every one knows | that Mexico was settled with the best blood of | Bpain. Yet. compace it to-day with New England, | which waa settied by poor Protestants, and where | they ra'se ice, siones and men. Anybody can see | the difterence between New kngland and Mexico, It is because of the character of the respective re- | ligions followed. | In a postscript to my letter, dated January 6, |11 t:odk exception to the above statement and | asked: Does W. R. Goodwin know what i the percent- age of pure white blood, pure Indian biood &nd mixed blood in the Mexican population of to- a; Vhere are | Mr. Goodwin replied in a letter wherein ig- | norance struggled for mastery with insult, and reiterated his proposition that Mexico is de- based because it is Romanist and Massa- chusetts is advanced because it is Protestant. This is the question to which I address my- self in this letter. LOOK AT MEXICO, The anti-Catholic preachers and writers are continually teliing us to ‘look at Mexico.’ They draw a lurid description of the con dition of things in that country, and aint in the FPope, the inquisition’ and ull-fights with the brightest vermilion. It is very extraordinary, however, that they take precious good care never to give evidence concerning the country which can be supported by reliable authority. sist*that we shall “look at Mexico” through colored spectacles, and very strange and very ‘wonderful we must confess are the things we see through that distorting medium. 0w~ Rome is building her schools on the ground #tours are immoral and that she wants to ieach the children how to lead virtuous lives. Very commendable, if true; but facts teach the ever, I will try in this letter to *“look at Mex- ico” without using the preachers’ spectacies. exterminating the inhabitants, perhaps Massa- chusetts might have very iittle to boast of. | But the Catholic religion teught the Spaniard that the soul of the Indian was as dear to God as the soul of the white man, and the same oid church that took the painted Briton and the savage Goth 1600 years ago, and century by century tamed him and civilized him, 300 years ago took the Aztec and the Mays, and yer by vear and day by day is slowly but surely elevating him o ihe high plane of a true Christian civilization. In Mexico to-day, the Indian isnot a chronic pauper, herded upon reservations, but he is under republican insti- tutions, a ruler n the house of his fathers. A METHODIST BISHOP'S TESTIMONY. The ignorance of Mexico is a favorite theme with men like Dr. Goodwin, who are ac- quainted with no language except English, and with that only imperfectly. Ido not pre- tend to say that the knowledge of reading and writing is'as extensively diffused in Mexico as it is in Massachusetts, but the reason is not the fnactivity of the church, but the nature of the country and the cliaracter of the popula. tion. To prove this statement let me bring forward the testimony of the most learned Bishop in the Methodisi Episcopal church, J. F. Hurst. Last July he wrote in the New York Inde- pendent,” a_Protestant peper, an article enti- tled “The Earlier Schools of New Spain.” He say Very early after the conquest of Mexico by Cortez there was & disposition to found schools of varlous grades. Spain was at that time very dis- tinguished for its great schools. The Moors had been conguered and the land wis now in Spanish lands. ‘But the wealth of learning impasied by the Moors, which had been concentrated in Saii- manca and other universities, did not leave with the conquered races. Spain, 100, Was mot over- looked by the Renalssance, which was putting new life into” évery nook and’ corner of Central and Southern Europe. ‘Naturally with the conguerors to the New V. orld ‘there went also the spirit of education. As Bishop Berkeley attempted (0 1 will show it to the public in the clear, white light of truth, and then the public can judge plant schools in the British Colonies, so did Bish- ops of the Roman Catholic commission do all in er of commanaing In- | nge | one knows the sad story of Hispaniola, | theirX power to found institutions of learning in Mexico. In Mexico the millions whom the dis- coverers had reached were in as complete ignorance a8 the ocoupants of & different planet. THere the church took the lead. N0 school was Dbullt or even contemplated without its participa- tion and control. Tne opportunity to use schools for the propagation of the faith Was t00 (empting 10 be resisted. Hence they were not only ‘ounded under direct ecclesiastical ‘auspices and controlied by the clergy, but they were invariably used to in- doctrinate the native races in all the ténets of the Roman Catholic faith. % Each of the religious orders vied in an efort to establish schools of various grades and adapted to the classes which were chiefly in View. The first school established in Mexico was the College of St. John Lateran, its object being especially to reach the indians. ‘The next school was the Imperial College of Santa Cruz, established in Mexico in 1557 Afterward came the larger College of Al Saints, founded in 1565. Let me remind Dr. Goodwin that Harvard College was not founded until 1638, over a full century after the College of St. John Lateran had been founded in Mexico. No order was 50 intensely devoted to education as the Jesuits. Other orders W re quite asag- gressive in their evangelistic zeal, and others in the publishing interest: but in the 'New World as in the Old the Jesuits tar exceeded all others in the establishment of schools and their wise distribu- tion of educational forces. Father San the provincial of the new country in 1576, ana labors in season and out Of seAson he endeav- ored to cover the whole country with a net- work of schools. New arrivals of Jesuits aided in the work of education. Each school became the center of & new propaganda. Of all the schools founded by the Jesuits the Coliege of St. fldclfonso was the first. It was established directly after their arrival mn 1572. But immediately _afterward, in the same year, the Ereat National College of St. Peter andSt. Paul was begun. This, in the later centurles, became the common center of the whole edncational system of the new country. In 1616 the Jesits established a large institution of learning at Zaca- tecas, and in 1659 one At Guadalajara. ~They also founded one at San Luis Potosi by special gitts, the inhabitants afterward giving the impor- tant adjunct of e hermitage. A littlo after this came the Jesuit college at Queretaro, and similar institutions at Patzcuaro and Valladolid, At both these institutions the zealous Father Francisco Rameniz labored, his term of service covering & perlod of sixty years. MEXICO’S EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES, ‘The present condition of education in Mexico may be learned from the iollowing extracts from “The Republic of Mexico in 1876; the ts Inhabitants,” written in Spanish by Antonio Garcia Cubas, and translated into English by George E. Henderson. The author deals on page 33 with public instruction. The figures ln%mckets have been iniroduced from the Statesman’s Year Book, 1893 lic_consists of the following branches: Reading, writing, Spanish grammar, morality and_good manners, and moreover, in the Rirls' schools, necdle-work and other useful labors. the States the study of geography, natfonsal history ana drawing sre niso obligatory, while in the schools that are not supported by the Government notions of algebra and geometry, elements of gen- eral and natural history drawing and the French language are taught. The number of primary schools in the whole of the cepublic reaches 8103, instead of 5000 that existed in 1870. Of the number referred to, ace cording to the work of Senor Diaz Covarrubias, 603 are supported by the State Governments, 524 by the municipal authorities, 378 by private cor- porations or individuals, 117 by the Catholic clergy, bestaes 1681 private establishments thac are not gratuitous, and 184 not classified. ‘These schools are attended by 350,000 acholars of both sexes. [In 1888 there were 10,726 primary Is, with 543,977 pupils.] ondary instruction, as well as professional education, are under the charge of the State, with subjection to the programmes established by law, vhich prescribes the liberty of education and pro- fessions. 1In the repubiic of Mexico there are 105 establishments of secondary aud professional in- strnction, in the following form: One sp paratory schoul in the City of Mexico, 18 ¢ pharmac | 8 comm of aris and sciences, 2 academies of fine arts. 2 conservatories of music and declan ion, 1 military college, 24 saminaries supported by the ic clergy 0ol for the biind, 1 school for the deaf and d 14 secondary schools for girl total number of such institu 105, with an at- tendance of 14,809 pupils. 849 the number attending these higher schools was 21,000.] The number of professors and employes in the | public instruction in 1876 was 8770. There are { 20 public hbraries {72 in 0], with 236,000 | volume: 800U volumes are musenms of antiquitie tory in many of t Tliere aro 73 ins tion of the arts and sciences, of which 29 are ntific, 3 meteoralogical observatories, 21 liter- 0 artistical and three of a mixed char: er. 74 there iich 18 were_scientific, 9 literar: ous and 118 political [in 1890 a innumerable. T Ther are intings and natural his- er citles [19 in 1890 1 18 dedicated 1o the cuiLiv: ary In the year 1 maga: of v 2 artis | 317 ne CRIME IN MEXICO. The Rev. Mr. Goodwin, who does not seruple to bear false wiiness against his neighbor, speaks of vice in Mexico. Now I do not pre: tend to say that the Mexicans are angels, but 1do saythatin manners and morals they far surpasy Massachusetts. From a_“Study of Mexico” (Appleton & Wells I take the following: For evers crime against life or property in Mexico a greater number of similar cases that have taken place In the United States could be | cited. “Moreover, horribie crimes have been com- | mitted in the United States, some of which have 10t been even passed through the imagination of the wickedest man 1n Mexico, such as the roboery of the remains of the philanthropic capitalist, A. Stewart, in order to get & ransom for them. | _Permit me to remind M | is & class of crimes for which noted and which is entirely unknown in Mexico. If he wants definite information I tongue-lashed by Miss Anna Shaw. The emp ischoolhouses and the childless homes of Pus tan New England tell the tale. God has given the country over to the Irish and to the Frenen- | Canadians because they remember the co; | mandment, Thou shalt not Kkill. At this very moment the Roman Catholics form th majority of the population of Massachusett | 1f we are to ascribe its prosperity to religion Catholics have as muchclaim to the merit as the Protestants. Every day it is growing more Catholic and every day it is growing more moral. These considerations, Mr. Editor, will serve to show you how baseless are Mr. Goodwin's strictures against Mexico. He evidently knows nothing about the country, and know- ing nothing there is no curb on lis imagina- tion. Your readers may learn from that country what the Catholic church does with heathen people when she comes in contact with them. She preserves them, educates them, civilizes them little by littie, and under her fostering care they incréase and multiply. Let me now draw your. attention to what the Christianity of Massachusetts dld jfor a heathen people, who were far more amenable to good influences than the savage Aztecs, and let me tell for Mr. Goodwin’s benefit the story of HOW THE PREACHERS CONVERTED HAWALT Overa century ago Haweii was visited by Captain Cook, but not until 1819 was any attempt made to Christianize the natives. In the interval English, French and American treders found their way to the islands, and the infiltration of their Christianity, such as it was, led to an officlal rejection of idolatry, so that the first American preachers who arrived in 1820 found no organized religion to oppose their propaganda. 3 In their dealings with the gentle and docile natives these sons of New England showed no scruples about the union of church and state. Royal authority hed eifected the destruction of the old heaihen superstition of the islands; royal authority was invoked to establish the new Bible superstition from bveyond the seas. The gloomy and foreboding Cal- vinism, which agrees with the leaden skies and storm-swept shores of New Engiand, was forced upon grown-up children who lived in sun- shine and laughter and passed their careloss days, flower-crowned beneath the paim trces or floating on the long, 1azy swell of the tepid ocean which bathes their isiand home. The native games, the native dances, the native songs, were all forbidden, and five times on the Subbath were the unfortunste neophytes herded in the churches to listen to the nasal drawl of the missionary picturing the tor- lu;es of the good old-fashioned New England hell. But the boasted conversion was only skin deep. In 1832 cthe whim of a new ruler sus- pended the blue laws, and the “converted” population “broke lose in debauchery and every sort of vice. Moral anarchy provailed not only in Honolulu but throughout the group. BEehools were deserted, teachers them- selves falling awa: buildings for worship ‘were burned. The dark habits of heathenism sprang llr Iglln like the heads of Medusa,and in one district at least of Hawaii idolatrous worship was once more performed. If weé may give full credence to accounts which come to us through the missionary party, the islands must for & time have been & pandemonium.” These are the words of Manley Hozklm, Ha- walian Consul-General, but the missionaries had to confess the same in their official report to the American board: reat numbers forsook the schools: the congre- ghilons of the Sabbath were one-half-multitudes became Christians In form. uever expecting that anything eise could be required of them. The preachers, however, did not give u their attempt to dragoon the people into Cal. vinism. More teschers were imported from the States. Their numbers reached 143 in the ;ell‘ 1835. The blue laws were re-enforced. iteous Ap})ellu went out to tis soft-hearted ‘old men of America for money. Glowing ao- counts wer: given of doors epened, brands snatched from the burning, and baptisms un- der the palm trees, eud 8o generously was the .E eul responded to that in the year 1850 £250,000 had been expended in salaries alone and the total expenses of the mission mounted into the millions. And what was the result of itall? Forty-four years 8go when the Ameri- car Board of Missions cut the conntry adrift as thoroughly converted and perfectly able to work out ife own ealvation, Mr. Hines, an American, & Protestant and a missionary, wrote the following sad and prophetic eonius{on: Notwithstanding a1l that has been done for their beuefit the state 0f the uaiive Hawallans is ull‘ Cnaracter, Habits, Costumes and Vocations of | Primary instruction in the schools of the repub- | In some of | t private librarfes with from 1000 to | ere 164 journals and | Co., 1890), by David A. | | Gogdwin that thera tassechusetts is | anknown in | one thing, and 16 go (o the Sandwich Is refer him to Dr. Fitch. the same who was | | people. | fog‘é out without sc truly deplorable. To call them & Christianized, civilized, happy and prosperons e would be to nisiead the BUblio niind fn relavion 0 (heir true conaition. To an inguiry which I made of the Rev. Lowell Smith, one of the missionaries in Honolulu, concerning the prosperity of the natives, I received this reply: “Ple evident. tendency of things is downward.” Downward it is rapidly, in point of numbers aud it the ratio of decrease shall continue the same for only a few years, it does noc Tequire the eye of a prophet to see what will be the result. The ‘epitaph of ¢he nation will be written, and Anglo-Saxo s will ‘convert the islands inio other West Indies. Such was the result of the first thirty yeers of missionary work in the Hawaiian Islanas. The results of the last forty years will be re- lated when we come to treat of the fortunes of the missionaries and their descendants. HOW THE PREACHERS PRACTICED TOLERANCE. As I stated aboye the New Eugland mission- &ries made it their chief object to obtain influ- ence and power with the native rulers. Bing- ham, who was one of the pioueer preachers, became chief adviserof the crown, and as early 8s 1830 von Kotzebue, & German traveler, wrote of him: He meddles in all the affairs of the Governmeut, Dpays particular attention to commercial concern: and seems to have quite forgotten his original situ ation and the obiect of his residence in these islands, finding ihe avocationof a ruler more Lo his taste than that of & preacher. One would imagine from the noisy declama- tions of the preachers of the present Gay that such a man would use his power in the sacred cause of religious and eivil liberty, if ever it should happen that his barbarous disciples would atfempt to transgress the limits. An American, brought up in the atmosphere of ireedom, 1t would seem incredibie that he should be guilty of bigotry or persecution. Yet history repeats itself in Hawail as in New England, and we find that the most cold- blooded and savage warfare ever waged by one creed against another was instigated by Bing- ham and his fellow American preachers in these islands of the Pacific. In 1826 two Catholic priests landed in Ha- wail and began to evangelize the natives. Their success was instantaneous and decisive, and it seemed as if & stampede toward Rome was inevitable. Such an inglorious termina- tion of New England missionary enterprise could not be endured, and the preachers de- termined to prevent it. Not only their reputation but their salaries were at stake, and whatever their reputation might be valued at, their salarles, as we have seen, were not to be despised. Accordingly Bing- ham put the machinery of the law in motion, and the poor Catholics were Subjected to & persecution which reminds the reader of the Cays of Nero and Diocleiian. The two priests were forcibly expelled from the country in 1830 and landed by a whaler on the shores of California, on & barren spotaway from any settlement. The native Catholics were arrested for their faith, thrown into prison and urged to apostacy as the price of their liberty. Others were set working in chains on the fort and several died under the hardsnips inflicted upon them. | Still, not one perversion was effected. Finally ornamental and lineal | the fage of the preachers passed all bounds. Men and women were sentenced to act as scav- engers to the fort and jail and were obliged to remove the filth with their bare hands, while the disciples of the missionaries stood by and jibed and jeered at these noble confessors of ihe faith. Still not one of them finched. Some ‘were carried by force to the prayer meetings, others were chiained by neck and hands and feet to the prison floor,’six were sentenced to penal servitude for 1ifé. and as a refinement of cruelty worthy of & Roman Preetor, the women of the party were specially ordered to be put 10 work in company with the common prosti- And all this was in_the nineteenth century in & land ruled by New England preachers. Not one knows how far they would heve gon. on. The non-Catholic whites, the British Cousul, captains of English ships, protested, but protested in vain. The I)rem‘ ers were all- powerful, and the papists should be stamped out. But, though the avenger lingered, he camic at last. Tidings of the persecation began 10 reach Eutope, Catliolic France was stirred to its depths, and {n 1839 the guns of the French frigate Artemise compelled that religious tolerance which the narrow minds and the prejudiced principles of these blatant Ameri- can bigots would not willingly give. Such was the beautiful Christian tolerance manifested by these messengers of the gospel of liberty from the free air of New England. They carried on their crusade against the poor | native Catholics with the same weapons with which they carry on the same crusade to-day against American citizens on American soil. ing and calumny and frenzied declamation egainst men better than themselves are their methods here s in the islands of the sea, There they could imprison and chain and | starve and scourge; here, thank God, their claws are clipped. But the spirit which ani- mates them is the same. Ignorance, bigotry, intolerance, ambition and avarice are the un- worth! motives of their unworthy care and indecency accompany them as pestfence, and ruin, temporal and spiritusl, follows close upon their track. HOW THE PREACHERS PLUNDERED HAWAIL 1f the missionaries made & failure of evan- gelizing the native population they certainly did not make & failure of getting possession of the natives’ land. From the beginning the sharp Yankee discovered therc was more moneéy in trade and poiitics than there was in praying and preaching. As far back as 1530 the uctions of the missionaries had become a scandal even to Protestant visitors. In 1845 Mr. Melville, an American, wrote in astonish- ment: To read pathetic accounts of missionary hard- ships and glowing descriptions of conversions and baptisms taking place beneath the pal nds and see the missionaries dwelling in picturesque and vrettily furnished coral-rock villas while the mis- erable natives are committing all sorts of {mmor- alitles around them is quite another. And further on he remarks: Not until I visited Honolulu was T aware of the fact that the small remnant of the natives had veen civilized into draft horses and evangelized 100 beasts of burden. But £0 it I8! And then he proceeds to describe a mis- sionary’s spouse, ‘‘who day aiter aay for months together took her regular airings in & little go-cart drawn by two of the islanders.” One of the first objects of the missionaries, as we have seen, was to gain possession of the Government, if notin name at least in reality. In 1859 Dr. Richards, a preacher, abandoned the ministry and became legal adviser to the King. His first achievement was, by means of an infamous land law, to obtain possession for a company, in which he was stockholder, of the greater part of the unoccupied laud of the country. 7 In 1842 a treasury was organized.and Dr, Judd relinquished the charge of the keys of the kingdom of heaven to take care of the keys of the corbona. For forty years no native was ellowed on the ministry; the preachers mo- nopolized all the fat offices and all the big salaries. On every ride they got possession of the best lanas &nd the islands were soon dotted with their comfortable bungalows. Year after year their fortunes and their fami- lies grew larger. The King or the Queen was only a puppet in their hands. Though the preachers of a religion of purity, their circle was the most corrupt that the world has known, and the Kings, who escaped death by delirium tremens, met it not much later in the effects of debauchery. At Iast when there seemed no chance of effective resistance the missionary party re- solved to throw away the mask and wear the insignia of power as'well as enjdy its exercise. The Queen was deposea on some pretest. The natives were denounced as licentfous pagans unfit to rule a_God-fearing moral people like the whites of Honolulu, and these men, who only a few years ago had come &S Strangers to these hospitable islands, are now openly hawking the property of their hosts to the highest bidder. HAWAIL A8 IT IS, And in this year of grace, 1896, what do we behold? Over seventy years ago the Hawaiians received the preachers with open-hearted hos- itality; to-day the preachers have set their ecls on the neck of a deceived and plundered The missionaries, who were supposed p or staff or money in their purse, have waxed fat on the substance of ihe poor. The heathen to whom they were sent, robbed of health and home and happi- ness, are disappearing from the islends as surely, as swiftly, as silently as the ebbing tide recedes from their coral strand. The gospel of the missionaries has been a heritage of woe to Hawaii and the Hawaiisns. Praised as an intelligent Christian people as long as the salaries of the preachers depended on such praises, they were denounced as lewd and ignorant pagans when their virtues inter- fered with the preachers’ sway. The long sad annals of humen su ennlgl record no such story as this. “In the West Indies the Spaniards tnnily exterminated the natives in the gold mines; in America the Indian went down in open fight before the paleface; but the Sand- wich Islands form the only example where & gentle race was robbed in the name of religion and elxi’eén‘:i;mtad by being converted to the ospel of Christ. ¥ 1\% wonder is it that in these days the natives have turned from the venal servants of the Christian God to Pele and to her Kahunas. Strange and fantastic as her worship is, it is a religion undefiled when compared with the creed practiced by the so-called missionaries of & pure gospel. Still not all of them have one back to idols. Side by side with the gnnrd Christianity of Bingham, the true faith was preached and made progress. Already a mmraf the natives profess it; the remainder have utterly abjured the Christian name. The ersecutions of the predchersstrengthened the Pifant ehurchand the suterings of the mactyrs and confessors of the past are bringing their reward to-day. 5 1f there is any hope at all for the natives it is in the Catholic church. The missionaries who have plundered them now throw them away like & squeezed orange. They have received their reward. The mansions on Berewnia street, the cozy villas which dot the coast, are their monuments and the emblems of their success. The Catholic church has a monu- ment too, but of a different kind. It is the shaft which marks the last resting-place of a leper priest. Around it is gathered the last remnant of a people, witnout land, without king, without country, without hope. ' Singing the songs of the pest they sit “clothed all in death” where lonely Molokal faces the moan- ing sea. PETER C. YORKE. e PETROS AND PETRA. A Note From Nevada in Regard to a Disputed Polint in the Controversy. Rey. George C. Hunting, rector of St. Paul’s Church, Virginia City, Nev., adds the following to the discussion of biblical subjects now progressing: To the Editor of San Francisco Call—DEAR Sir: I have read with great interest the two letters in your issue of January 11, regarding the true interpretation of fhe passage in Matthew xvi:17-19, written by the Rev, Mr. Wendte and Rev. P. C. Yorke. I have given this subject some considerable study and beg some space in your valuable paper for a few words to supplement the letter of Rev. Mr. Wendte, The first thing to be noticed in this pessage is that the two words, “petros” and “petrs,” are of different genders. Petros is masculine and is only used in the New Testament as the name of one of the twelve apostles. It is used in Xenophon, Sophocies and Plato as a com- mon noun, meaning “rock”; but notice that it is never used interchangeably with the femi- nine form petra. which has for its primary meaning *‘rock,” with a very frequent change to the cognate idea of stability, firmness, foundation, etc. tros never takes. When our Lord made inquiry among his disciples as to whom they thought him to be and received their several answers he took especial notice of one of them. It was the answer of Simon Barjona, “Thou art the Christ, tne Son of the Living God.” This, as is well known, was_the first open confession smongen that Jesus was the son of God and therefore divine. To any student of Christian- ity itis clear that only upon such & spirit of faith and Lumility can a Christian life be built. Our Lord, in appreciation of this noble confession, said to Peter, in substance, “Thou art of strong faith and noble mind, and'to you pre-eminently shall it be given to have honor among men, and I, your Lord, say to thee thou art strong—e rock; thy name is henceforth Rock (petros), and on this confession—the solid, substantial words of true and lively this rocklike confession (petra)—will I build my church.” Onsuch confessions as this has the church of Christ been ever built. { which change, however, pe- | S faith, | Ifone will take the trouble to look itup it | will be seen that throughout the Bible the word petra has the use of the cognate idea of firm foundation, without reference as to whether the foundation be rock or the confes- sion of aman or the everlasting attributes of God. 1Itis used in Septuagint as a translation of the Hebrew word seia, meaning rock or firm foutdation, solid support; this nse is pariicu- larly seen in II Samuel, xxii:2; Psalms xviii:2, Psalms xxxi:3 and Psaims x1i<:9. From these instances of the most frequent use 6f the word petra I think it can be easily seen thatour Lord did attempt to change the | gender of words without canse, and also did not commit the folly of telling thuse who were to preach his gospel that from then o his church would be founded on the fraiity of hu- manity, especially on_the humanity of a man who had niore than once shown that his faith, while strong at times, had a very decided ten: dency to failat the crucial moment, but in stead that the all-wise founder of the Chris. trian religion saw fit to build nupon sucha | confession as that of S8imon Barjona, the true Petra of a finite Petrc Thou art the Christ, the Son of the Living God.” . GEORGE_C. HUNTING, January 12, 1896. TEE TROLLEY VICTIM. Antonio Panani Dies From His Injuries and the Motorman Is Arrested for Manslaughter. The man who was run over by Mission electric car 1061 near the Fivi mile House Sunday night died at the City and County Hospital early yesterday morning, and the body was taken to the Morgue. Abraham Wilson, the motofman, on learning of the man’s death, went to the carhouse on Twenty-ninth ana Mission streets, and a telephone message was sent to the Seventeenth-street station for an officer. Policeman Blackman went to the carhouse and placed Wilson under arrest. He was taken to the City Prison and charged with manslzughter. Virginia City, Nev. -and-a-half- | Attorney | READ DOWN THE LINES. D o not neglect a cold; U nless checked, it may be dangerous! F or this reason, take no risks- F ight your cold until it is cured, Y ou need to stir up the torpid blood, S etit moving, quicken its efrculation. P ure whiskey is the thing to take. U nder its stimulating influence, R e-action begins, you feel better, E nergy returns, the cold disappears. M edical men give this advice, A nd they tell us that indigestion, ] ong continued stomach troubles, [ ake flight if treated in this way. W/ hen vou feel the need of a stimulent, H asten to your grocer or druggist, | nsist on having Dufty’s pure malt whiskey ce that you get no other. K cepinmind: “Duffy’s is the only [E ntirely pure, medicinal stimulant.” Y ou can take nothing better! NOTIGE FOR BIDS, Notice Inviting Sealed Proposals for the Purchase of Lincoln Water Works Bonds, The Trustees of the town of Lincoln having by ordinance of said town entitled an ordi- nance providing for the issuance and sele of bonds for the town of Lincoln for the construc- tion, acquisition and completion of a water- works system for the said town of Lincoln for fire and other municipal purposes, passed and aporoved the 17th day of December, 189! ordained that there shall be issued by the said town of Lincoln forty bonds of the denomina- tion of ¥500 each, bearing interest at the rate of 5 per cent per annum, payable annually, and also directing the Town Clerk of ‘the town of Lincoln to give notice inviting proposals for sale of said bonds. Now, therefore, notice is hereby given by the Board of Town Trustees of the town of Lincoln 1o sell said bonds aforesaid es they may deem necessary. The said bonds are to bear date the first Monday in January, 1896, and are to be numbered consecutively from one to forty, both inclusive, the first bond to be made payable on the first Monday in January, 1807, and the re- msaining bonds consecutively are to be made payable on the first Monday in January in each succeeding calendar year, until and including the year 1935; the said bonds are to be made payable to the bearer at the office of the Trens- urer of the said town of Liacoln, in the said town of Lincoln, Placer County, State of Cali- fornia, and to each of said bonds there is to be attached interest coupons equal in number to the number of years which the bond in ques- tion hes to run before its maturity. Sealed proposals for the purchase of said ‘bonds will be rec a by the clerk of the said town on behalf of the Trustees of the said town at his office in said town atany time irom the date of the first publication of this notice up to the hour of 7 o’clock P. M. of the 3lst day of January, 1896, and that thereafter said bonds will be sold by the Board of Trus- tees of said town to the highest and best bid- der for cash in gold coin of tne United States. The Board of Trustees of said town hereby re- serve the right to accept or reject any and all bids. No bid will be considered that is for less Kelly for the Market-street Cable Comi. | than the face value of said bonds. Said bonds | pany procured from Captain Wittman the | Will be delivered in the aggregate amount prisoner’s release on his own recognizance, | Tade up of forty serial bonds of the entire issue Last evening the body was identified at | of § ,000, numbered from one 1o forty, both the Morgue os thetot Antonio Panani, a | inclusive. laborer for the Spring Valley Water Com- avenue. children. MURDEROUS ATTACK. Peter Larsen Cut.Three Times by John Wagner in a Boarding-House. John Wagner, a sailor, made a murder- ous attack last night upon Peter Larsen, another sailor, in the boarding-house 547 Howard street. Larsen was at supper and Wagner picked up a carving-knife from the table and, ap- proaching Larsen, made a slash at his throat. Larsen threw back his head and the knife cut him_slightly above the right eye. Wagner made two more quick slashes at bim, one of them taking effect on his forebeud and the other on his scalp. Neither of them is serious. to the Receiving Hospital and Dr. Rinne dressed the wounds. ‘Wagner was arrested and taken to the Southern Police Station, where he was booked on the charge of assault to mur- der. He and Larsen have not been on good terms for some time. —————— Unfortunate Blanche Lyons. lanche Lyons, the little girl who was knocked down by & MecAllister-street car in front of her home at 919 McAllister street a few evenings ago, suffered severely by tne accident. Her leg was broken in two places. Dr. Janes, who is attending the little sufferer, fears that her spine has been injured. ————————————————————— NEW TO-DAY. £ TS SV St SO THE BEST KNOWN NAME FOR A CEREAL BREAKFAST FOOD N MEA DELICIOUS—TRY IT. | | { He was taken | The purchase price of said bonds must be | pany, who lived in the vicinity of Silver | paid on the delivery of the bonds at the office He leaves a widow and three | of the Town Treasurer of the said town of Lincoln. The purchaser or purchasers of said bonds, to whom the same are awarded, must give an undertaking with at least two sufficient sureties, in the penal sum of 10 per cent of the purchase price payable to the said town of Lincoln, and conditioned that said purchaser shall within ten days after receiving notice on the part of the said Board of Town Trus- tees to deliver said bonds, take up and pay for same as delivered; and that a failure to take up and pay for same within the time hereim specified shall be a breach of said undertake ing and shall constitute such breach of itseli, and the sum mentionea in said undertaking shall be held and considered as liquidated damages; and said undertaking may be sued upon immediately in the name of the town of Lincoln, and the amount specified therein recovered as liquidated damages. A deposit in the United States postoffice of said town of Lincoln of a notice of readiness to deliver said bonds signed by the said clerk of the saia town and witn the seal of said town aflixed, ad- dressed to the purchaser of said bonds at his place of business or residence as stated in his bid for said bonds, prepaid, ehall be deemed and taken to be notice to the purchaser from the date oi such deposit, and there shall also be embodied in sald undertaking the pur- chaser’s assent to the form and sufficiency of such notice. Dated December 31, 1895. F. L. 8ANDERS, Town Clerk. Ho Percentage Pharmacy, 953 Market St RIGGS HOUSE, Washington, D. C. The Hotel ¢ Par Excellence” Ofthe Natiomal Capital. First class in all polan ments, G, DEWITT, '.lpn“ American plan, $3 per day and upward. B—10 Lovely Carnations, 10 sorts. OC. TRIAL SETS Choice Bulbs and Plants. 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