The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, January 7, 1896, Page 16

16 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, JANUARY 7, 1896. REV. FATHER YORKE DISCUSSES REVELATION, Says It Is Not a Specula- tion but a Message From God. SAME TRUTH FOR ALL. St. Peter Declared to Have Been the First Bishop of Rome. ANSWER T0 REV. DR. GOODWIN. The Good Citizenship Meeting at Metropolitan Hall Compared to a Chinese Funeral. The R Father Yorke submits the fol- lowing letter in connection with the con- troversy: JANUARY 6, 1896 he San Francisco Call—DEA r1explained the Catholic il allegiance and the relations ce to conscience and on freedom of cience. 1will now c: er the questio: “Do the powers claimed by the Pope - ¢ Editor of my last le g on with the rights and dignity of the state or the natural allegiance of the citizen?” To scuss this question intelligently it is neces- sary to state what are claimed by the Pope and what is in the Catli In orde be T—THE FACT OF REV 1. All Christians believe that Chr: a revealed religion, beliei impli the Christian religion was not invented by men, that it is not & mere philosophical specii- lation, not & guess what is behind the veil, but a rending of the veil and a message from God mself. All'Christians believe that the messenger who brought this message from God to man Jesus Ch II—THE NATURE OF REVELATION. 1. Revelation is a message irom God to man; therefore it must be & true message. Whatever God tells us is the truth pure and simple. Hence revelation is not & matter of opin- or & pro but it is the trutn just as axiom in gemoetry or a conclusion in ari cis the t 3. Hence revelation must be the same for The words in which it is cl ed, the tanght, e and lergarten block tne abacus, th sirates it by ebstrac still the sa and ph thu taught the same by Chinaman works it out mathematician demon- symbols, but_the truth 1 d'Chinama nsopher, five and five are ten, @ less than ten. not change. 2000 veers ago. ne to another ather it the The ¢ when > when It must t not only be in ght by the another. tradic also agree trath of reve th of revelation, both h cannot be true. ' The & ¢ to be administered to n” may be both unrevealed, but ot be both revealed. If one is & truth of revelation the other assuredly is 1 6. Hence from the very nature of truth itself, the e thet the nsistent, should pe for all time II—THE ME] God’s messen ATION. r 10 man was Jesus Christ. Every teacher musi to teach. Christ's teaching God's message 10 man. remained on earth but a went beyond the limits »w strip of couniry. Therefore it was men to be his pup iples. them close to himself. He spoke long and often with them. He taught them the truths which God wished to have taught. He made them acquainted with God’s message, and he trained them in the way they were 10 impart it to men. He was no longer to speak to i sge was now to be delivered the hands of the teachers he had chosen, In his perting words he gives them a world. wide commission: “All power is given unto me in heaven and on earth, therefore, go ye and make disciples of all the nations and teach them to observe ail things whatsoever I com- manded you; and behold I am with you all days even unto the end of the world.” (Mat. xxviii) 5. To the eleven disciples therefore was given the commission to_teach ell the things that Christ ordered taught. They were to be no longer disciples or learners, but teachers and apostles. His m 6. Their commission extended to all men to | €ivenhim, but only to his profession of faith: so | all times and 10 all God’s message. They were to make disciples of all nations by teaching all Christ had tanght even unto the end of time, IV—THE CUSTODY OF REVELATION. 1. The eleven disciples lived only ashort time and were unable to reach all nations; hence, it follows that Christ's words were not addressed to them as separate individuals but as united in a society or corporation. The individual 1t the society lasts forever. is society. therefore, was given the com. mission to teach all Christ’s revelation to all men and for all time. 3. Hence, this society must be found in every age and must have power to make disciples of every nation. 4. Hence, this soclety, when it teaches Christ's revelation, must teach it with author- ity. The authority of the society is the au- thority of the apostles, the authority of the apostles is the authority of Christand the au- thority of Christ s the authority of God. 5. Hence, this society can never teach error as God’s revelation, because such error would be enforced by the authority of the most true God. 6. Hence, when the society declares that any doctrine has been revealed by Jesus Christ such declaration must be true, otherwise the | very instrument which Christ chose to teach his revelation would defeat its own object. 7. Hence, this soc: Christian doctrine because Christ promised to remain with the teachers in their corporate capacity all davs even 1o the end of the world, and because he has sent the spirit of truth to abide with these teachers and to teach them all truth and to bring to their minds all things whatsoever he said unto them. (Johu xiv-xvi.) V—THE PEIVILEGE OF ST. PE: 1. Every human societ have e head. Jesus Chr society which he establ lation 2. When Christ left this earth muined the invisible head of his soc 3. Before leaving, however, he provided for avisible head, whose oftice it should be to govern in hisToom and to keep the society true to its end of teaching God's messago to men 4. ( or corporation must ¢ was the head of the 1ed to teach his reve- rist was accustomed to designate this society, which he formed for the teaching of his revelation, together with the disciples whom these teachers might make, as his church, as the kingdom of heaven, as a city or a buiiding and as & sheepfold. 5. During his life on u certain occasion he asked his disciples, Whom do ye say that I am? Oue of them, whose name w mon, an- hou art the Christ, the son of the And Jesus answered and said “Blessed art thou, Simon, Bar- d.” him: unto jona, because flesh and blood hath not re- vealed it unto thee but my Father, who is in , and upon this rock will I build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail againstit” (Matt. Xvi.) 6. Here we are dealing with what is called a metaphor. By a metaphor we apply a word which naturaily Gesignates one object to desig- nate another object. We say & man is a fox, a lion, u flint. The reason of the application is that certain dominant characteristics of the one re: nble certain dominant characteristics of the other. dominant eharacteristic of the fox is When wesay & men isa fox we mean that he is very cunning. dominant characteristic of a lion is brave When we say & man is a lion we mean is ve What then is meant by say that arock on which the churc bullt? 7. In the paraple at the close of the sermon is infallible in teaching | he still re- | And 1 say unto thee that thou arta | The | 1 on the mount Christ used this metaphorina manner which left no doubtof his meaning. He spoke of a man who built his house upon | the sand and of a man who built his house | upon rock. The winter storms beat on the | house built upon the sand and it fell, because | it was built upon the sand. The same storms beat upon the house_founded upon a rock and | it fell not because it was foundea on a rock. The meaning, therefore, of giving a rock fox | dation to a building s to signify that the build- | ing is lasting. Wnen Christ builds his church npon a rock that church is to last, and the very gates of hell shall not prevail against it Why? Because it is founded on a roc Now, who is the rock? The words of Christ admit of no ambiguity. He spoke in Syriac and he said, “Thou_art Kepha, and upon this Kepha will T build my ehurch.” The whole ad- dress 1s directed toward Peter. He it is who has made the great confession and he it is who receives the reward exceeding great— thou art a rock. The dominant characteristic of the rock is that it offers a secure foundation. Peter is the rock because of his steadiast character. The church is built upon him because Ch wishes it to last. That church is the society which Christ organized to teach his revelation. | Error shall ever rage against it, but shall | never prevail. Why?' Because of the staying | powers of the rock.” Peter is error-proc 10. But Christ did not end here. He contin- | wed in another metaphor, “I will give unto | thee the vs of the kingdom of heaven.” | What does this mean? Not the childish inter- | pretation_that Peter is the doorkeeper of heaven. Christ is speaking about his kingdom on ea: . This kingdom 1s the society he has | established. What'are the keys of this society? They are the symbols of suy ywer. When a king ered a city, the s were presented him as a sign of his authority over the city. Our Lord himself bears the key of David to sig- nify that he possesses royal power. He open- eth, and no man shutteth; He shutteth, and no man openeth. Hence, when Chri m- ises to give Beter the k of heaven, he says | thing as if he had ds, I will give unto thee the crown of the gaom of heave “Still Christ contim: his wonderful prom- nd whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth e bound 1eaven, and whatsoever thou loose on th shall be loosed also in is still another metaphor and ong the Jews. It signides the ws, the power risoners, in & shalt g and repea neing and ac > supreme powe h : of all law and it was in his ting i aise of Christ to to make him the unconquered the chureh, the rock sgainst which the gates of heil should dash themselves in vain; () to invest him with the keys, that 2 bore the key of David be- s given the throne o1 David, r should rule the eve of the realm, for the | kingdom of God upon | earth, and (¢) his word shouid bind and shonld | loose with the same power and euthority as the word of Christ himself, 13. These words w addressed by our Lord to St. Peter long before the passion. When the end drew near and Satan had already en- tered Judas and Christ was speaking after | the last supper to the apostles, he turned to Peter and said: “Simon, Simon, behold Satan hath obtained you (the apostles) by asking that he mightsift you (the aposties) us wheat ted in the witnowing, butl heve pra ee (Pefer), and do thou when thou 0 converted confirm thy brethren,” in is Peter made the bulwark against gates of hell To him personally is given the office of gathering once more the scattered Here flock, of facing the enemy and of putting new strength and new hope learts of the fittle U to destroy. Do th 14 \ was promised at area Phillippi was given at the lakesi Peter cast himself into the see to go to the ra. Thrice on the night of the passion had 1 m, thrice was he to make rep- imacy was ¢ ore, they h Simon d dined Jesus on of Jonas, me more than the e saith Yea, Lord, thou knowest that 1 Tie saith to him, Feed my lambs non Pets h to him a second time, Simon, son of lovest though me? He saiti unto him Lord. thou knowest that I love thee. Hé sgith unto him, Feed my lambs. He saith unto him the third time, Simon, son_ot Jonas, lovest thoume? Peter was grieved because b said unto him the third time, lovest thou me And he said unto him, Lord, thou knowe things; thou knowest that I love thee saith unto him, Feed my sheep.” There is 1o simile so frequent in§ crip- ture as that of the shepherd and his & pastoral country the man wno w herd of many sheep was like a king. even Homer speaks of Agamemnon a: shepherd of the people. As Arnold says, term of feeding as a shepherd feeds his flock is one of the oldest and most universal meta- phors to express a supreme and et the same time 8 beneticent government.” Christ hi self is the good shepherd. that he leave the earth he installs another shepherd in his place, who shall have charge of litile and great, of lambs and sheep, who shall be the shepherd of the one great sheepfold, whos vice the sheep will hear and know and obey 1 which Christ has founded to p lation is now complete and at its d stands “The first, Peter,” an impregnable rock, a defense from all enernies and a shelter from the heat. 16. 1 cannot resist the temptation of copying | out ‘here a series of propositions from that well-known book, “Mg Clerical Friends.” These propositions put the claims of St. Peter in such a fashion that I imeagine no unpreju- diced mind can fail to realize their strengtl. (a) 1f Simon received, I Abraham, & myster- ious call, it was full of significance, in the case of the patriarch, but wholly without meaning in that of the apostle. (b) 1f the Most High, who probably acts with de- s1gn, gave 1o each of 1Lem anew name. in the one it signified the introduction of & new dispen ion, but n the other nothing at all. (c) 1f Abraham was called ~father of the faith- | ful,” it was becanse he was really destined to be s0: it Simon was called “the rock,” he might as well ve been called anything else. (d) If his Master added, “Upon this rock I will build my church” (St. Matt. xvi:18}, there was no allusion to the singular name which he had just that every believer is just as much a rock as he | was, withiout the pertectly neediess process of | changing his name. (¢) 1f & whole series of magnificent prerogatives were conferred upon him, as s00n as his Creator Lad named him “the rock” an_eternal supremact against “which the gates of hell shall not prevail’ | a benediction which the seraphim might envy; the | power to open and shut heaven: a power almost | without limlt, like to the power of God (Ib.)—ail | this was only a cumbrous wa | faith was muich to be commended. | (") 1f heisalways named before the other apos- | tles—vthe first, Sinion, who is called Peter,” (Ib. x:2)—in a book whicn purports to be inspired, | this is only the result of an accident. | ~ (@) 1f 0 him alone it was said, ‘“To thee I wm | give the keys of the kingdom of heayen” (Ib. | Xvi:19). it probably means something, but not | what all Christians supposed it to mean for more | thau a thousand years. (4) 1t he was told 10 work a miracle, in_order to satisty the demand of a taxgatherer, sud when he had obtained money by such unusual means, to ive 1t for me and thee” (Ib. xvii:26), no peculiar | connection with his Master, much less any supre- | macy in the church, can be seasonably inferred | froni so slight an incident. (i) 11 St. Panl is careful to record that he went up to Jerusalem to see Peter (Gal. i:18), while he | adds, * other of the apostles saw I none,” it is idle to suppose that he had any special motive in do- | ing s0, or that Peter had any special claim to be | visited. | () 1 the same apostle relatesof the risen Savior, | that “he was seen by Cephas, and after tha by the | eleven” (I Cor. xv:5), perhups this was because Peter chanced to be in the neighbornood, or it may | be only another of the innumerable passages of | Holy Seripture which ean nothing in particular, | (k) If even the angel, contributing to the general delusion, said {o those who found him sitting in | the sepuicher, “Go tell his disciples and Peter’; | this also was no recognition of his personal dignity, but, like all the corresponding texts, & purely ac- | cidental form of words. | @) 11 the discipies esked our Lord, “who is the | greater in the kingdom of heaven?” because as St. | Chrysostom observ hey could not concenl a cer- tain human jealousy of Peter's supremacy on earth”; either they were mistaken in resenting | the fa’ cled superiority, or St. Chrysostom 1s | dreaming that they did so. (It is evident thac | they bad such thopghts, for St. Luke ssys (xxii: 24), “there was a strife among them, which of | them should seem 1o be greater.’” () 1f St. John relates that alihough be “outran | Peter and came first to the sepulcher, yet he went not in” (St. John xx:5-6) in spite of bisardent | love, but waited until Peter had preceded him, | this’ was not out of respect for Peter's office, nor was there any more significance in the act itselt than in his care to record it in the Gospel. (n) 1t to Peter alone commitied by the Masier, now triumphant over death and the grave, the superhuman task, “Feed my sheep, feed my lambs® (St John xx1: 15-17), this again ‘does not distinguish him in any way from the other apos- 16 whom nothing of the kind was ever said, nor from the rest of mankind, who are perfectly | competent (o feed themselves without any assist- | ance from Peter. e was the sole child of Adam to whom One ever addressed the amezing assur- ve prayed for thee that thy faith fuil because it would be henceforth his in- | communicable function to “confirm his brethren” | (St Luke xxil: 81, 3.). this does not imply that the | solidity of iis faith was in any way connected with | the majesty of his office or needful to the integrity | of Christian docirine: and though human lips | could not have uttered such words without at least @ grave purpose. divine lips could employ them without any purpose whatever, (p) If, when Peter was imprisoned by Herod, | praver was made without ceasing by the “church unto God for him"” (Acts Xi:5), though no such uni- versal supplication was offered for any other apostle not even for St. Paul in uil his bonds and scourg- fugs, it does not follow that the liberty of her chiaf | was necessary to tne infant church, nor that “the Lord sent his angel” to release him from prison for that reason, (4) 1t one of the first acis of his pontifical reign ©0f suying that his | the | which fell at his word, the prevaricators who “licd to the Holy hos',” because they lied to him, this does not prove that God was his accomplice in the discharge of an office to the support of which the dreadful might of God was s0 promptly lent Ac ) ((V'r Lastly. if 250 Roman pontiffs, surviv- ing by a perpetual miracle all human dynas- ties, and every vicissitude to which human things are inevitably subject, baflling all the assaults of men and “the zates of hell,” have claimed during ninetcen centuries to succaed him n bis office, and Christians have always believed that they did soby most evident warrant of Holy Writ; this only vroves, on the one hand, that the long line of pontifts, for the most part of singular virtoe, pro- fanely usurped an authority which God never in- tended to confer upon them; and on the other, that all the friends of God—saints, doctors, pre- lates, mariyrs, virgins and confessors—hasely con- nived, without any imaginable motive, at the audacious usurpation, misconcefved every lumi- nous text of Scripture on which it was confidently but ignorantly founded, and meanly bowed down before & self-elected ruier, generally a feeble and helpless old man, who had no power whatever to coerce thelr submission except what their own free convictions gave him. VI—THE PRIMACY OF THE POPE. 1. The society which Christ established to teach his doctrines must last forever. He is | with it even to the end of the world. | 2. This society rests upon the rock, and be- cause it rests upon the rock it is victorious over the gates of hell; hence the rock must en- dure as Jong as tne chureh, for no building can stand without a foundation. 3. Peter, therefore, must ever remain in the | chureh as its perpetual defense, as its ruler, as the shepherd of the lambs and sheep. | 4. But Peter lived only for a few years. Therefore, unless he has a successor the plans of Chiist'came to naught aimost as soon as they were put into operation. No one can predicate this of him who is infinite wisdom | and infinite power. Now unless the Bishop of Rome is the suc- cessor of St. Peter, he has no successor. The | reason iz simple that no one else has ever claimed the title. 6. That St. Peter was at Rome is admitted by all learned Protestants. (a) Dr. Ca: thay | “Peter was at Rome and for some time resided there we intrepidly afirm with the whole mul- ’ titude of the ancients.” (5) Dr. Nathaniel Lardner says, “It is the generai, uncontra- dicted, disinterested testimony of ancient writers in the several parts of the world—Greeks, Latins,Syrians-—none denied the BishopofKome to have what they called the chair of Peter. It is not to our Honor nor our interest, cither | as Christians or Protestunts, to deny the truth | of events uscertained by early and well-attested tradition.” (c) Whiston, the translator of the | works Josephus, wrote in 1750, “Mr. Baratier | proves most tioroughly, as Bishop Pearson had done before him, that Peter was at e. This is £o clear in Christian antiquity that it is a shame for any Protestant o co; fess that any Protestant ever denied (d)The Great Speaker’s Commentary, Dr. Farrar, Whitby, Macknight, Hales, Thiersch, Ewald, Renan, Hilgenfeld, and a dozen other tholics of note look upon it as & truism | - Peter wrote his first epistle from Rome. | 7. That St. Peter was Bishop of Rome stands | on the unanimous testimony of the writers of the five centurfes. In 451 the Couneil of | Chalcedon acknowledged it,in 431 the Council of Ephesus refers to it, in 342 the Council Sardica spoke of it, in 314 the Council of Arles | calls Rome the place where the Apostles Peter and Paul continually sit in judgment. In 315 Eusebus states that Peter had been twenty-five ears Bishop of Rome. In 250 St. Cyprian calls that ¢ the chair of Peter. In 5 Hippolytus counts Peter as first Bishop of Rome. In 160 Hegeseppus refers to | the same fact, and thus we are brought nearer 1o the Prince of the Aposties than we are to Washington, and even this slight gulf bridged over by the testimonies of Ignatius and Clement. In a word there is more and | beiter testimony for the episcopate of St. Peter | at Kome than there is for the canonicity or | euthenticity of many of the books of the New Testament. Tae Bisnop of Rome, therefore, as the suc- cessor of St. Peter, is the head of the ehurch. 1| have thought it better (o go at length into the | was to_smite with the thunderbolt of heaven, | | | | reasons for his henaship in_this letter because | | onferred upon | of these reasons will render it easier to explain what his powers and privileg tion with civil allegiance. Yours trul POSTECRIPTUM. The good citizenship meeting in Metropoli- tan Temple strikingly resembles a Chin funeral. The heathen in his blindness assid ously bangs the brazen cymbal in the t that the noise will frighten off the devil. The Patriots, with similar assiduif sh’ their s of brass, and hope that the reverberations he same will seare away the Pope of Rome, M. T. Brewer. who has not yet produced affidavits denying the aunthenticity of the | . outh, declares that “of $700,000,000 expended by the Government of the United | States 78 per cent went to the benefit of the | Catholic one-twelfth of the population and | M hi AP, A { only 22 per cent to the Protestant 80 per cent 1 | of the population.” This assertion I brand as | a falsehood, and I demand M. T. Brewer's sroof Pz, W. R. Goodwin, whose lack manners is only equaled by his lac mon-sense, stafes that Mex i best blood of Spain. Do win know what is the percentage o blood, pure Indian blood and mixe the Mexican population of to-day? of good | of com- | ttled by R. Good- ure white blood in PEGIY: HENRY L, DODGE CHOSEN, | - | He Is Re-elected as President of the Board of Educa- tion. A Strong Effort Was Made to Have Director H. C. Henderson Accept the Nomination. Henry L. Dodge was re-elected President | of the Board of Education yesterday after- | noon at a special meeting of that body. Directors Clinton, afternoon, coming in at the last moment and carrying the day for their choice on the | last ballot. 1t was generally acknowledged that there were but three candidates in the field— Henry L. Dodge, Charles A. Murdock and, in the event of further balloting, H. C. Henderson, The latter had six votes in the board at the start, but refused to have them cast on account of the absence of Comte and his two Republican confreres. He feared a split in the party vote and urged his friends to put all their force toward elect- ing Dodge. ‘When Chairman Dodge called the meet- ing to order, explaining its purpose, H. T. Seott J)laccd him 1n nomination on the zround that ‘‘regardless of party he had teen afair and impartial presiding officer.’” The nomination was seconded by Direc- tor Murdock. President Dodge asked to be heard be- fore the nominations were closed, saying that he had no desire to again_be nomin- ated or elected to the presidency and would not accept the honor excepting that Lis friends had so much insisted he shouid. ‘“‘However,” he said, “I wish to place in nomination a gentleman who has for years had experience in this board and who is fully capable of conducting its affairs as they should be conducted. I place in nomination Charles A. Murdock.” Balloting was proceeded with, there being ten members present. While the ballots were being dropped in came Direc- tor Clinton, who delayed the proceedines, ng to be informed of the status of the Receiving the desired information case. he, too, dropped his ballot in the hat and they were counted. “Eleven votes,”” announced the tellers. “Ambrose, 1; biank, 2; Carew, 1; Mur- dork, 1; Dodge, 6.” Director A. Comte Jr. came in at this junciure and the second ballot was taken, giving Henry L. Dodge the necessary seven votes to elect him. Ambrose received two votes and Clinton one. Mur- dock and Carew both dropped out. These were the only changes. R Cable-Car Accident. Michael McGowan, who sells newspapers at Tenth and Howard streets, was knocked down by & cable-car at Third and Howard streets Jast night and was cut over the right eye. He was under the infiuence of liquor at the time, The wound was dressed at the Receiving Hos- pital. Mr. McGowan used to be known in Ne- vada as “Mike McGowan, the man-eater.” - — A Libel Charge Denied. Danfel T. Farley, formerly a captain of one of the fire tugs, has brought suit for $10,000 against Harbor Commissioner Colnon for al- leged libel in having made statements 1eflect- ingon his ability. “Mr. Colnon last night de- nicd having madeé the statements attributed to him by Captain Farley. Music, magazines, papers, etc., bound neatly by the Mysell-Rollins Co., 22 Clay. - Comte and Knox | were away during the greater part of the | SLEPT AMONG ~ SNAKES, Dr. Maximilien Schumann’s Dan- gerous Experience in the Quemada Ruins. BLANKETS FULL OF RATTLERS, The Explorer's Story of His Journey on the Trail of Stanley to Leopoldville. “When I was collecting specimens oi plants and animals in Zacatecas,” said the noted Dr. Maximilien Schumann yester- day, “I had an experience with rattle- snakes which came near being the death of me.t* The doctor had just returned from Sac- ramento, where he had been for a couple of days on a hunting trip. He is the Bel- | gian ‘explorer and naturalist who went through Africa, and is now bound to | Thibet for the Baron de Rothschild and the Institution of Natural Sciences of Luxemburg. In telling of his advent- ures, he saia: 1 had gone a day's journey on horseback from the city of Zacatecas to the southeast to examine some old Toltec ruins there. These are known as the Quemada ruins. They are orchids. Iam to get new varieties. These are to'be had on the Brahma Poutra River. It is true that traveling in Thibet is very dangerous. Vice-President Leo Dumaril of the Parls Geological Society wes killed there last year. His head was found in one place and his instruments in another. Parts of his body | were found in other places. I shall travel on horseback. That is my way of getting around. 1 expect to go over a large part of continental Asis in this way. The Luxemburg Institution of Seiences desires me to collect reptiles almost exclusively for it. 1 would like to kill a grizzly bear in Cali- fornia_before I leave, but I am told they are now difficult to find, so I presume I will have to give that up. I expected to £ail on the steamer of the 9th, but I understand now that 1 cannot reach Canton by it, so I shall be | obliged to wait for the next steamer. NEW IDEA FOR YACHTSMEN Is It Something Better Than Center-Board or Fin Keel? It Is Called a Hydrostatic Outrigger and It Might Prevent a Boat From Heeling in a Gale. A resident of this city, says the Roch- ester (N. Y.) Post-Express, is confident that he has invented an appliance for | yachts which will enable shipbuilders to | construct a boat that, other things being equal, will run away from the best yacht now in existence, sailing in any direction, in light or high winds. The inventor, Edmond Redmond, has DR. cetched from XPLORER. “Call” artist.) very extensive. I got there late at night. I | had shota couple of doe on_the way, and had thrown them across my pack animal. On my arrival within the ruins Ilita fire to get my supper, after which I spread my blankets and lay down. In the morning whei I woke up I threw my hand outside of the blanket and it almost touched & big, poisonous Tattlesnake. I escaped by the merest chance. | "Looking toward my feet, what was my ss- | tonishment to see rattlesnakes all over the blankets. There were no less than six of them, besides the one that had so narrowly missed my hend. The reptiles were not the crotalus horrichus or aiamond crotalus known i _California, but he crotalus milarius found in tiie hot regions, They are very poisonous. When I had lit my | fire in the evening I could not see the snekes, | which, I presume, had crept aiong the wa | The altitnde of Zucatecas and the old ruins is between 7000 and 8000 feet, and it gets quite cold at night. | "My fire was_what undoubtealy attracted | | them. When they got out toward it they | kets, crawled up on them and went to sleep. | I have always thought it was almost miracu- | lous that I escaped belng bitten. AsIdia not want the snakes, having already all I wanted, I killed themw, and neiled them all to the adobe wall, with my card on each. | The lizzards and other reptiles which I got | there I salted away in casks and forwarded to Europe. Itisagencral belief among the In- | dians, notably wmong the Creeks, Cherokees and Choctaws in Indian Territory, wherel was for a time, that if one is bitten by a rattle- | snaie all he has to do to prevent fatality is to | eat the snake, But I never discovered any vir- tue in this. The best remedy is to immedi- | ately bind a tho g above the wound, so that | the poison canrot circulate higher. Then cut an incision below the wound and squeeze out as much blood as possible. Then, if to the | wound is made an application of potash, or | any alkali, there is almost no danger. T'got the best coilection of reptiles from Mex- ico, and forwarded them to Europe, that has | ever been seen there. The rattlesnakes were so0 plentiful that they could be seen by thou- sands and thousands. I had a good many rough experiences. Sev- eral times I could get almost nothing to eat. Quee I was refused anything to eat by the In- dians when I hadn’t had anything to eat for nearly two days before. I traveled with two horses and sometimes three. Irode oneand carried my packs on the other. I was armed with & Smith & Wesson six-shooter, a Win- chester rifie and a Eurovean shotgun. Pre- vious to going to Chihuahua and Zacatecas I ha¢ collected specimens in Texas, as well as Indian Territory. Down on an island in the Rio Grande the Indians not long since, while I was in the vicinity, killed United States Mars| Jones. They are very savage and suspicious. I got along Wwithout trouble, though they were at_times ugly. In regard (0 my experiences in Africa, I went there in 1889 for the Belgian Government, and stayed eighteen months. Ilanded at the port of Bannans, in the Congo Free State, and went 700 miles up in the interior. 1had a number of guards and besides these thirty native carriers. There were then no railroads, nothing buta wilderness. We proceeded to several native towns, some of which had as many as 60,000 inhabitants each. We reached successively Boma, Viva and Matadi, the latter being at the first Congo falls. Thence we proceeded to Leopoldville, and on further into the interior. The houses of the towns are all made of banuna leaves, except where the Arabs were. Their houses were of adobe and sometimes of stone. Each town was governed by some form of re- igion. These natives have eight hundred different languages and over three hundred different religions. Stanley doesn't state that. The Mangalas, for instance, have a religion in which three different kinds of goats ty pify the spirits influencing them. The white goat, which s good, lives in the water. The black goat, which is bad, lives in the mountains, and then there is a red goat, which always lives in trees. It is supposed to influence women. Th region thiongh which 1 passed with my cavalcade was infested with all kinds of wild and ravenous beasts. There were so many Jsopards that one hardly dare slecp at night. Then there was an abundance of biack and yellow lions, elephants and rhinoceros, be- sides some tigers. 1 killed all kinds of animals except tiger. I never got one of them, though I would have liked to. In regard to my journey to Thibet, which I have undertaken for the Baron de Rothschild of Paris and the Institution of Sciences of Lux- emburg, T expect to be gone four years. [ want toreturn in time for the exposition at Paris, and after that I will settle down. While I am abroad I will study Sanskrit, as wgll as explore and collect new and strange animals and bot- anical specimens, My primary object in going to Thibet, aside from the explorations, is to collect orchids for the Baron de Rothechild. The Baron has at present the best collection in the old world* 8nd Lis wife, the B/uonm. is an suthority on i 'l In center-board ound my bed, and, discerning the warm blazi- | | obtained a patent on the mvention, and | should 1t on trial prove to possess the merit claimed for it, there can be no doubt that its introduction will mark the open- ing of a new era in yachting. The invention is designed to impart sta- [ bility and sail-carrying power to a yacht without the employment of the center- | board or fin keel. The principle involved {in the apparatus is simply the use of water | in a smtable receptacle, acting on a lever | to resist the tendency of the craft when the | wind rises to cither careen or run its bow under water. yachts lateral resist- | ance to drifting is” obtained from the | board, while stability is looked for in the | width of the craft. The fin-keel variety of boat derives both stability and lateral | resistance from the fin with its leaden | appendix. The merits and demerits of both these types have been discussed un- til nothing new can easily be said about either. The Rochester invention introduces a new plan for accomplishing what it has been sought to attain by the old ones. If a boat can be made by it to sail on even keel under all conditions of wind and wa- ter iv will have little tendency to fall off its course, thus removing the only reason for the employment of the center-board. And if the stability imparted by the fin and its leaden bulb is secured without the bottom- scraping projection a superior boat should be the result. In the new invention a tubular arm is rovided to extend from the middle of the eck out over the rail, being adjustable on either side. The deck-end of the tube is attached by a joint to a pump, from which water can be sent through the tube to a tank or sack on the outer end of the tube. The tube is under control of guys, by which it can bo hauled fore or aft and fixed at any point. The tank is provided with a vvale,iby which the water can be let out. It is claimed that the tube, acting as a lever, will, with a few hundred pounds of water in the tank, exert a leverage on whichever side of the vessel it may be ex- tendea, equal to many tons of weight sus- pended from the keel, for the tube-lever may be as long as a boom. As the tank does not touch the water in which the boat is sailing, it offers no resistance to the progress of the crait, a very palpable ad- yantage over the fin-keel which has to be driven througn the water at a devth vary- ing with the draught of the craft and of course retards its progress. Yachtsmen who have seen the apparatus say that, apart from the question of its utility, which has still to be proved, it would not be allowed on a yacht in a race conducted under the rules now generally revailing, which prohibit shifting ballast. g‘he objection may be good, but as the rule was made with reference to solid ballast and when no such idea as_this was known to adepts in nautical affairs, it is thought that if the contrivance proves in practice to be of value, paper rules will have given way to its introduction. ’lyhe transverse sliding seat in use in salling canoces and the outrigger, with a man or men for weight, employed by the South Sea islanders, are on the same principle as the Rochester invention, which differs from them in employing water for the desired windward weight. As the water can be either taken in or dis- charged in any quantity, and rapidly, its use as proposed has manifest advantages over either live weight or the bags of sand which were used when shifting ballast was allowed. One or two livel tars, or a storage battery, would, it is claimed, pump enongh water in thirty sec- onds to fill a 500-pound pocket at the end of the righting iever and, overcoming'the tendency to heel. bring the boat up on her best sailing lines. The vast deposits of f»ig lead that are now stowed in the holds of yachts to make them stiff could be in a large measure dispensed with, only enough soiid ballast being required to pre- serve the boat’s equilibrium in ‘‘stays.” As the apparatus itseli would be light there could be one for each side, the idle one, that on the lee side, being hauled in when the lee became the windward side. FOR THE ALVARADO ACRES Forty Years of Litigation Ended by the Supreme Court. THE LAST APPEAL DISMISSED. A Cloud Which Has Impaired Contra Costa Land Titles Finally Dispelled. The Supreme Court yesterday, in dis- missing the last appeal in the Emeric vs. Alvarado land suit, quieted forever a liti- gation that has become historically of vast importance; that is famous over a great part of the United States, and that has held the attention of courts and lawyers for over forty vears. : The San Pablo rancho, the tract in question, originally contained 17,000 acres. 1t lies just beyond the northern boundary ‘of Berkeley, and includes a greater part of the town of San Pablo. The first possessor was Francisco Maria Castro, conimandant some sixty years ago at Yerba Buena, the site of San Francisco. His martial services against the Indians gained him favor with the Spanish Gov- ernment and as a reward he was granted three square leaguesof land, which were afterward increased to four leagues, on the east shore of San Pablo and San Francisco bays, and lying in what is now called Con- tra Costa County. Francisco Castro, with his wife and family, settled on this newly acquired property near the present little town of San Pabio, on the Southern Pacific Rail- road. An old record stat “Castro and bis family, consisting of his wife and ten children, resided upon, occupied and ex- ercised acts of dominion over the land for eignt years,” Castro died in 1831. In his last testa- ment he bequeathed to his wife Gabriela | de Castro an equal and undivided half interest of this vast estate, and to his ten children and the issue of his deceased daughter was willed to each a one twenty- srcond share. The old record states | the distribution as ‘‘eleven equal | irdividual twenty-second parts thereof to his surviving widow, and one| equal undivided twenty-second part thereof to each of his children then | ing, and a like undivided twenty-second | part thereof to his grandchildren, heirs of his deceased daughter Francisca.” All through the subsequent litigation of | the estate this aivision was rejected. Joaquin Castro, the eldest son of Fran- cisco Castro, the executor of his father’s will, obtained in 1835 a confirmation of | the ‘eriginal Government grant, and also | obtained an increase to the estate of an- | other square league, making four leagues | in2ll. From this time until 1850 the af- fairs of the estate were conducted on the | lines the will had laid down. Before 1850 three of the ten children died and their one twenty-second parts by law teverted to their mother. She thus became the possessor of fourteen twenty- second parts of the property. Mrs. Castro died in 1851, deeding to her favorite daughter, Martina Castro, wife of | the Mexican Governor of California, Juan ! B. Alvarado. Thus Mrs. Alvarado be- | came tire owner of fifteen twenty-seconds | of the rancho. The other heirs were dissatisfied with this partiality shown to the eldest daugh- ter and appealed to the Mexican courts, which decreed that Mrs. Castro’s interest should only be through life, and that on Ler death the property should be divided equally among the eight surviving heirs. | This engendered a litigation which con- | tinued until 1856, when all litigants ap- | peared satisfied with a partition on a basis of eighths rather than, as the will orig- | inally provided, into twenty-seconds. | From this period the real litigation be- gan, transfers of the land were made by the children to white settlers who looked | to the proximity of what promised to be a metropolis for the establishment of their homes. There appears to have been the greatest confusion 1n these early transfers. The heirs of Castro in many cases who held undivided interests, sold specific areas, and others sold more than they really owned and resold this again until in a_few vears the affairs of the estate were in a hopelessly entangled condition. The partition that was expected in 1856 on the basis of eighths was never effected and those who had purchased of the Castro descendants found themselves without titles to their homes and that tney or their successors, who had held the land for nearly a generation, must relinquish their rights to other parties showing a priority of claim. The Alvarado contingent, aided by bril- liant legal talent, determined to claim fifteen twenty-seconds of the entire ranch. Then followed the dramatic_portion of the history. Attorneys passed the lie in court and purchasers who endeavored to settle on_ their lands were driven from their hastily constructed homes. The suit of Emeric against Alvarado was iustituted in the interest of the Alvarado title Emeric had purchased from Mrs. Alvarado. After vears of litigation, during which time the case passed from one court to an- other and two or three appeals had been made to the Supreme Court, an interlocu- tory decree was rendered in 1869 by Judge Maguire, in which the method of parti- tion was defined, and his decision was based directly on the will of old Sergeant Castro, and the Alvarado claimants secured fifteen tweaty-seconds of the rancho. In 1891 Judge Hebbard avpointed three referees to partition the property among the numerous claimants, who at that time numbered over 260. The referees ap- ointed were John F. Sheehan, Albert D. rane and R. P. Hammond. They found by survey the ranch to consist of over 19,000 acres. The son of Joseph Emeric, who originated the suit, was awarded the largest share—2500 acres. In this final distribution many parties were dissatisfied, and especially with the large amount to which the fees summed up. Altogether $107,000 was charged as fees and laid as a pro rata lien on the holdings of the different claimants; $18,000 was paid for attorneys’ fees and over $15,000 to re- munerate surveyors, The partition was made by the referees with the aid of Surveyor George F. Allen. This decree of partition became final, for although, as has be€n stated, dissatis- faction was provoked regarding what was considered the exorbitant fees and injus- tice of the discussion, only ~W. B. Hellings and wife, who had urchased ~ their land from Leota utierrez, appealed from this final decree to the Supreme Court. They claimed that certain portions of the land awarded them by the interlocutory decree of Judge Ma- guire were not entered in the final decree after the partition by the referees. The other defendants of the mammoth suit dropped out and now the suit ends with this flst dismissal. g GENTLEMEN WHO SHOOT The Columbia Pistol and Rifle Club Adopts F. 0. Young’s New Point Target. The Columbia Pistol and Rifle Club held its third annual meeting and election of officers last evening. The president, Dr. Leo Rogers, spoke of the wonderful in- crease of the club’s members and of their { petition | that the and its many advantages to the marksmen over the others the target was adopted by the club, and at the request of Mr. Young it was named the Columbia target. Iy resembles the German 25-point target in appearanc Instead of starting frgm the center with twenty-five as on the German the Columbia begins with one, the center being an inch in diameter. The rings are i an inch apart. ) ha:l\ner mucklldiscn sion the club decided upon making a change in the competition for medals as radical as that of the target, During the present season the members’ medals will be the same as last year. All. comers' medals—Unfred medal, fine rifle, five shots to a score; Columbia diamond medal, five shots to the score; Giinder- mann medal—Military rifle, ten shots; 22 22- caliber rifle, ladies’ medal, five shots; gen- tlemen’s medal, five shots; all-round medal, same as last year; rest-shooting medal, five shots; revolver medal, five shots. The following were elected as officersy President, Dr. Leo Rogers; vice-president, Ed Hovey; secretary, F. O. Young; as- istant secretary, J. E. Gorman. W McLaughlin was appointed as one of the execative committee. % Several new marksmen who aspire to win honors at the targets were admitted to membership, and the report was made that a number of others had sent in appli- cations tor membership. A FRANCHISE IN DANGER, Right to Bring Forfeiture Pro ceedings Invoked by Cit- izens. Conditions of the Award Ignored by the Metropolitan Railway Corpo- ration—A Vigorous Protest. An animated session of the Ashbury Heights and Stanyan-street Improvement Club was held last night at the residence of F. W. M. Lange, on Carl street, near Stanyan. Representatives of the South side Improvement Club were present and spirited protests were uttered against the outrageous manner in which the Metro- politan Electric road is managed by the Market-street Company. Theincensed property-owners had somes thing else to talk about last evening than the imperfect service of the road. Athalf. t 6 o’clock D. L. Westover, a worthy citizen, was violently bounced from a car and thrown into the street by a burly con- ductor and a subservient police officer, Mr. Westover took a transfer at the corner of Page and Clayton streets. He wanted to go to Stanyan street, bui there was not sufficient power on the Carle street line to run the cars. So he waited unti' the next car came along to journey three blocks nearer home on theline that he bad transferred from. The conductor refused to accept the transfer, and Mr, Westover declined to pay another fare. The citizen was standing on his rights, but the imperious conductor, backed by the police, ejected kim. The property-owners in that regionof the City have petitioned Attorney-Gen- eral Fitzgerald for the right to bring suit for a forfeiture of the franchise of the Metropolitan Railway Company. The petie tion was prepared December 17, and is now signed by many infinential residents and_property-holders. The petition sets forth that the franchise was granted De- cember 9, 1890, to the San Francisco Syn- dicate and Trust Company, and was sube sequently assigned to the Metropolitan tailway Company. The petition further avers that the Mar- ket-street Railroad Company has since become the owner of the road and the franchises. The general ground of complaint in the to the Attorney-General is conditions on " which _the franchise was granted have not been fulnlled. It is asserted that since the 1st day of June, 1895, no railway has been overated or railway cars run for the accommodation of passengers or others wise upon those portions of the streets named in said franchise and described as foilows: “That portion of Scott street ex- tending from O’Farrell to Fell street; that portion of Fell street extending from Scott to Baker street, and that portion of Baker street extending from Fell to Page street. “No part of said railway was operated, nor any car run thereon from August 1, 1895, to September 1, 1895, on any part oi the line west of Clayton street.” As the line is now managed, on Car} street cars are now run from 6 A. M. to 10 A, M. every twenty minutes, and then do no$ run again until from 6 . M. to 11:50 p, M, People living in the Sunset district, Ashbury Heights and south of the parkk are not receiving the facilities of transpore tation which the franchise contemplates, Citizens in that region of the City assert that the railroad has simply intrenched itself against other companies. It refuses to provide service and holds fast ta privileges under the franchise to prevent other lines from building roads to serve the people. So greatly incensed are the residents that all the improvement clubas are banding together to bring the common enemy to terms. The petition so extensively sizned by the injured property-owners will be sube mitted to the Attorney-General to-day of to-morrow. George A. Rankin, president of the Ash- bury Heights and Stanyan-street Improve. ment Club, presided at the meeting last night. A. J. Fritz, secretary of the club, was also present. Among other propertys owners attending were: George H. Rankin, George T. Gaden, J. W. Westover, W. R. Walkup, F. W. M. Lange, Eugene N. Fritz, J. V. Pitchford, E. D. Hunt, Fred Koster, M. A. Fritz, H, Beveridge, 'A. Hugle, Ida_Meyer, Max Rosenstine, Alex Rattenstein, H. Stettin, P. A. McDonald, Dr. A. Prosek, C. H, Rider, Louis Helbing, J. D. Cranston, D, H. Foley and J. J. Welch — No Tacks In hand-sewed shoes, no tacks in Goodyear Welts ; that’s where they are alike. Hand-sewed shoes rip, Goodyear Welts don’t rip; that’s where they differ. Ask your shoe man. COODYEAR SHOE MACH'Y CO., BOSTON SK'H DISERSES SWAYNE'S ABSOLUTELY CURES. OIITMEH simple application of Swavaw's Onerumee” withowt oy fareriat mediciae, will sure 2o omas <1 Tevar, Sula e e aCeinats o o5 Sadieg ot e ar b how sbetina ! o vt by mail for 80 ois. 3 Hoxes, .38, Addsens o Bvarsa & Sox, Philadelphis, Po. A3k Jour drugciniar iy s 4, DON’T PAY BRRSZ 30 or $40 for an Electria Belt when we will sell yoa fer beter one at from 55 to $20. Buy no bels antil examine DR. PIERCES Has currens regulator and all latest ime provemenis. Pamphlet e Callor address D) PIERCE & "SON. 704 San Francisco. Cal. Sacramento stres STORRS’ improvement in the use of the pistol and rifle. The secretary, F. O. Young, re- ported that the organization is on a sound financial basis, having money in the treas- ury. After discussing Mr. Young’s new target ASTHMA REMEDY, CURES ASTHMA. Stops the severest parox: ms in ONE MINUTE. 10c, 26c and 50 s ses - ait druggists have it, or any size will be mailed om Treceipt of price to KIBBLER'S PHARMACY S§W, Cor. Larkin and Turk Sts,, 8. s ~¢ 3