The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, December 31, 1895, Page 1

VOLUME LXXIX.—NO. 31. SAN FRANCISCO, TUESDAY _MORNING, ‘DECEMBER 31, 1895. — o MUST UPHOLD THE DOCTRIRE Senator Lodge Fires Hot Shot in the Venezuelan Controversy. TACTICS OF JOHN BULL| The Policy of Aggression Not Pursued Without a Hidden Purpose. GRADUAL INCREASE OF POWER, It Is Time for the United States to Check England in the En- croachments. D. C., Dec. 30.—In the iistorical review of the dary question w: de- livered by Lodge (R.) of Massachusetts, who i ed on the importance and neces- sity to the United States of the mainte- nance of the Monroe doctrine. In sum- ming up his speech, Lodge said he did not believe that the people of England had the least desire re in hostilities with the United States any more than the United State d hostilities with Eng- WASHINGTON Senate to-day a Venezuelan bo land. Nor did he believe that the Engl people took any very ous interest in the disputed territory. The people of the m of a h any right Venezue Hosses: t they not allo 1 then seize and If Great in could do that successfully in Ve: she co! do it in Mexico and Cuba, she cou. he same. Lodge said he had intended not to ad- the Senare until the joint resolution yduced by him giving to the declara- de by Mc ber, 18 the formal sanction of °d the consideration Relations. had sent in ifficulty nting voice, on which the d rec nittee on Foreig Congr of the Co and crie: _from tiiose w more yocal believe we 1se the i cool le he said, thad ted States tions. v doct Thie trine, the his d in detail. T.Sh e made by outsic» gh that doctrine waZ srvention England and) xico in 1861 A sect en and the main- tenance of the Monroe doctrine is :u;:ns. thre i as it v the French in second attack upon the prin- Monroe doctrine comes from tain and is made under cover of v dispute with Venezuela. v attempt heretc thr ond case } Great B a bounc In order to show the importance of this controversy which had now reached a crisis affecting most gravely the honor, the interests, the rightsand the well-set- tled pol of the United States he “briefly” as he said, but with aporate deta the history of the dis- pute between 2t n and Vene- la and of the negotiations between the countries. He con ed as foliows: “It will be observed from this brief out- line of the dispute that no new rights have come to England or to Venezuela since 1824, i. e., since the declaration of President Monroe. They have e rights of Spain and Holland respectively, noth- ing more and nothing less, and are enti- tled to exactly what those inheriied rights give them. In 1836 a Bntish Minister acknowledged that Point Barima be- longed to Venezuela by asking the Ven- uelan Government to erect a lizhthouse there. In 1840 a British court in Demerara declared the territory of the Morocco, far to the east of the Orinoco, to be Venezue- lan territory. iIn 1841 an English engineer laid out a perfectly arbitrary line running from the mouth of the Orinoco in a scuth- efly direction n hed the southern boundary of Bri a. Lord Aber- deen disavowed this line and proposed nother starting at the river Morocco and going further into the interior; Lord Granville proposed another line running further to the west; Lord Rosebery an- other inside the Schomburgh line, but coupled with the free navigation of the Orinoco. “In 159 he proposed a second line, and meantime Lord Salisbury had extended the British claim while he was Secretary for Foreign Affairs. Every British Minis- ter has cffered & different line, within which Great Britain would not consent to arbitrate, and every British Minister has gone beyond his predecessor in making fresh claims to the territory bevond the line which he offered, about which he would arbit At first sight this seems to denote inconsistency on ihe part of the jritish Government, but in reality their course has just been the reverse. There is apparently just as much support for one line as another when they pass beyond the valley of the Essequibo. From Schom- burg down every line was entirely arbi- trary, and the constantly growing claims beyond the various lines offered was in entire keeping with the policy of the British Government. Their object was to et as much new territory as they could if tise matter ever came to a settlement, which they have used every artifice to delay. Asserting his belief that Great Britain had no good claim to a foot of land beyond ) - | | bu | contro | sity which now becomes more pressing es, he asserted, had no desire | the Essequibo, Lodge laid down the prin- ciple that if England, with no authority a disputed claim, seizes territory and declines arbitration on it, her action does not differ from seizing and holding new territory in the Americas by the right of conquest. The seizure of this South Ameri- can territory by England, he asserted, was an absolute violation of the Monroe doc- trine. ““At the last session of Congress,” said Lodge, ““I called the attention of the Sen- ate and of the country to the mannerin of the ific, and to the necessity of our ng the Hawaiian Islands, a neces- with each succeeding day. 1 ask you now to look at the Caribbean Sea. “I ask you to note the strong naval station which England has established at Santa Lucia. Follow a line thence to the westward and you find Trinidad, the de- velopment of which has been strongly pushed of late years, then Jamaica, and, finally British Honduras. That line faces the South American coast. This territory claimed from Venezuela is being pushed steadily to the westward along that coast, and the point at which it aims is the con- trol of the mouth of the Orinoco, one of the great river systems of South America. | The purpose of all these movements is written plainly on the map. If successful they will give Great Britain control of the S) h Main and make the Carribbean Sea little better than a British lake.” He concluded as follow ““We have seen British forces at Corinto. We know the attitude they assume in Venezuela. They are attempting to take land on the Alaskan boundary. They | have just denounced the modus vivendi | and reopened in that way the perilous dis- | pute of the Northeastern fisheries. It is not by accident that these events have all occurred or ail come to an acute stage | within the past year. They are not dueto | us, for we have committed no aggression upon anvbody. Of all these difficulties | which are now upon us, the most imme- | diate is that involved in the dispute with | Venezuela. They tell us that this terri- | tory is remote and worthless. It is re- mote, perhaps, but it is not worthless, for if it had been the Venezuelan possession of it would be undisturhed. But it matters to set up claims to | do it, other nations could | roe in his message of ction had led | not whether it is worthless or valuable. | The tea tax was trivial, but our fore- fathers refused to pay it because it in- | volved a great principie, and the attempt | to collect it cost England her North Amer- | ican colonies. The American people be- lieve to-day just as firmly in the principle of the Monroe doctrine. They deem it | essential to their honor, their safety and | their interests as a Nation, and they are | prepared to defend it when it 15 assailed. | “Mr. President, who is responsible for the unhappily strained relations between England and the United States? As I have pointed out we have not been the ag- gressors on any of the points now in dis- pute, whether in Alaska or Venezuela. ‘\\'!m!, then, has strained our relations? | The peremptory refusal to arbitrate this | auestion of boundary. Who gave that re- fusal? Great Britain. We have appointed a commission, not te arbitrate between Great Britain and Venezuela, but to in- | form us, after careful investigation, what the true divisional line, in their opinion, .should be. Who has drawn an arbitrary | line of boundary and declared that they should not arbitrate to the east of it? Not the United States, but Great Britain. Ul- timatums are what strained relations, and they have come from Great Britain, not from us. I believe that this question will be peacefully settled by the good sense of the representatives of Eneland and the Unitea States, but I am very clear that such settlement can only be reached by action on the part of Congress and of the President which shall be as temperate as { it is firm, and which shall maintain the ".\Iunrnc docirine absolutely wherever it | justly applies. Thatdoctrine is as import- ant to us as the balance of power is to Eu- f rope. and those who maintain the latter | ymust not attempt to break dowa the prin- | ¥iple which guards the integrity of the | Americas and protects them from the in- Afpeinted a Member of the Commission. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 30.—Justice ;Bre ver of the Supreme Court has been tendered and has accepted a place on the Venezuelan Commission. LONDON, Exc., Dec. 30.—The Daily News to-morrow, commenting on the re- ported appointment of Justice Brewer of the United States Supreme Court as a member of the Venezuelan Commission, will say that the appointment is a sign that President Clveveiand wishes a fair re- port to be made. Fenezuela - MAY NAME FIVE MEN, Gossip Kelating to the Selection of Com- missioners. NEW YQRK, ., Dec. 3l.—A Herald special frony Washington says: 3 It is stalkd at the White House that | 1o appointnjerts of members of the Ven- ezuelan Bouydary Commission have yet | been made) but that they may be |looked for \ any day. Ex-Ministers Puelps and \Lincoln, Associate Justice Brewer of the United States Supreme Court and Chidy Justice Alvey of the Court of Appeals of this district are being con- sidered by the Hresident, and the indica- | tions are that Méssrs. Phelps, Lincoln and | Brewer will be named. No one here will be surprised if Mr. Cleveland appoints five commissioners. It is understood luin Chief Justice Alvey has been asked bl the President if he would accept an ap\ointment if it should be tendered, and that he replied that he was willing to sery No Support i'vom Russia. NEW YORK, N. Y!, Dec. 30.—A special cable to the Herald from Berlin says: A Russian diplomatist yesterday asserted positively that the report that the Presi- dent had obtained a promise of Russian support hefore sending his message about Venezuela to Congress is unfounded. Rus- sia, he added, would never aporove the Monroe doctrine. Operators in Danger. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 3L.—A fire started shortly after midnight this morn- ingin the four-story Kinney building at Broad and Market streets, Newerk. The flames were first seen in the cable room of the Western Union Telegraph Company, and they spread rapidly. The Western Union’s service was crip- pled at 1 o'clock. The operators and others in both offices continued to work with the water poiring arognd them from above. The rooms were filled with smoke and the vperators were in great danger. which England had absorbed the islands THE OLD YEAR’'S BEQUEST TO THE NEW. \\“\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\mn, e \ \ \ N\ AN Nl 2\ s ‘x“\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\% A "N o s ,"// o il n I i 2\ i /Z “I leave you these to build with.” WERE PUT TO FLIGHT Terrible Slaughter of the Spanish Forces by the Insurgents. . ONE BRIGADE DESTROYED Treacherous Guides Led ,vthe Soldiers Through a Country Swarming With Enemies. RAKED BY A DEADLY FIRE. For Three Days the Surviving Troops Suffered Fearfully ‘During the Retreat. NEW YORK, N.Y., Dec. 31.—A Re- corder special from Key West, Fla., says: A letter has been received here giving an account of the recent fighting around Colon and of the rough manner in which the Spaniards were handled. Some of the Spanish commands were nearly cut to pieces. Qne brigade composed of 2000 men, was practically destroyed. This brigade early in the engagement became detached from Campos’ main army and tried to make its way to Cienfuegos. The guides proved treacherous and led the Spaniards through a country swarming with insurgents. From every point of vantage the insur- gents poured in a witheringfire on the Spaniards, and soon all semblance of discipline was lost. The Spaniards’ re- treat became a rout, each man seeking shelter from the bullets of the concealed foe. After four days of incredible suffering, the remnants of the brigade reached Santo Domingo, on the road to Cienfuegos. Of the 2000 soldiers which began the retreat, 1100 were missing. More than half the officers of the command were missing. Many solalers and officers had perished by insurgent bullets, but the larger num- ber had died from exhaustion. For three’ days the troops were without food, and all the horses belonging to tlie command were killed and eaten. 8o famished were the men that they ate the flesh .raw, lapped the blood and fought for the offal of the horses. Those who reached Santo Domingo were in a pitiable condition. Their guns bhad been tnrown away, their feet were' | B bare and blistered, and many had only a strip of cloth about the loins. Many of the survivors swear they will never again go to the front. The letter concludes by | describing the streams of wounded Span- iards pouring into the hospitals at Matanzas, Cardenas, points since the recent fighting. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 30.—The Times to-morrow will publish the follow- ing Havana dispatch, dated December 23: ' The excitement in this city is almost be- yond description. For the first time the | blind supporters of Spanish rule in the island realize that it is seriously threat- ened by the revolution. The shock has i been the most severe, as it was expected by those who bave faith in the miltary abilities of Martinez Campvos that the mo- ment hud arrived when the Cuban forces, if not entirely crushed, should meet with such a sudden check as to demoralize, scatter and send them back flying to Ca- maguey. Instead of that anticipatea re- sult of General Martinez Campos’ plans, it is be and his whole army who are flying before the victorious enemy, whose prog- ress seems to find no opposition and no obstacle. It is impossible to ascertain how many times and to what extent the Spaniards have been defeated. The Government has so far succeeded in suppressing the news which must have reached Havana. TItis said that the mail from the immediate vicinity of the field of operation has been withheld, and if any letters have been re- ceived by private courier those receiving them are careful not to make the contents | public in order to avoid suspicion respect- ing their connection with the rebels. One thing, however, is plain. That is, that Martinez Campos’ plans have been shat- tered and that he has been compelled to beat a hasty retreat before the advancing enemy. Mutterings from Spaniards, who are sup- posed to be well informed in regard to what is occurring, indicate that the sitna- tion is a critical one for the Spanish Gov- ernment. In the cafes and other public vlaces the serious and grave miens of the Spaniards is a noticeable feature. Their long faces and their whisperings show that all is not well with them. They will not, however, even ackngwledge a fact ithat is plain to everybody. Martinez Campos’ winter campaign, from which he hoped so much, has utterly failed. Even if things with him and his army have not gone so bad as seems to be the case, there is no doubt now that this year there will be no sugar crop, and this means no revenue for the Spanish treasury, which is really some $7.000,000 behind its obligations. Moreover, should Gomez, having accom- plished his purpose, withdraw from the territory which he now occupies, before Martinez Campos can again place his troops in position to commence active op- erations the rainy reason will have set in, and be will find himself at the end of the Havana and other | D FOR ARMENTANS, Preliminary Steps to Raise Funds at a Meeting in Boston. CLARA BARTON SPEAKS. Says the Red Cross Society Is Willing to Undertake the Task Requested. RESTRICTIONS NOT PERMITTED. If Allowed to Enter Turkey Relief Work Will Be Done Without Fear or Favor. BOSTON, Mass,, Dec. 30.—The alder- manic chamber at the City Hall was packed this noon with attendants at a meeting in the interest of the Armenians of America to protest against the Turkish outrages. present and Mayor-elect Josiah Quincy presided. He said that the Government at Washington was unanimous in the opinion that something should be done, and thought that anything in the way of offering subscriptions that could be done at this.time should be done without delay. He then introduced Miss Clara Barton of Washington, who addressed the meet- ing. Miss Barton said in part: “Three weeks ago I bad no idea of being called in any way to this work. I had read, like others, of the dreadful things that wera going on, but it had never oc- curred to me that I or my associates could be of the least use. I was almost startled, if I may be permitted to say so, at the re- quest. 1t looked like a doubtful under- taking, but I replied that I could only say that two conditions must be complied with before we could attempt the under- taking. “The first was that the call should be unanimous from the country, and that be- ing settled,” she said, “‘we must then know that the country that asked us to go and take this relief would give us the funds to take. We could not- carry on the relief if they did 'not. They must assure us that they had what ithey asked us io carry, and ye must be assured that there Isencs f it to make the mission re- { t question ?e(ta be the one b Mayor Curtis was unable to be | >MM‘ now to be settled. We have nct yet been assured that funds are ready. We were asked what funds we thought would be needed. We referred the question back to those who asked it, to the people of your city, and asked how much they thought we would need. They made the statement which has doubtless already been made to you. Itissufficient to say that the esti- mate was theirs. We acceded toitand have said from that time to this whenever we received the unanimous request of the people of the United States, backed by this sum, we have no option left. The Red Cross never asked for a cent. We have carried that organization now over twelve years. We have carriad it through some sixteen or seventeen fields of relief, or national disaster, fields too great for local aid; and we have never yet said to any living person that we wanted one dol- lar or one pound. Gentlemen, I think it may become me to say just here that we never shall. We have always taken the field; we have always had of our supplies sufficient to do some good work when we got there. The people have understood when we went on the work that we meant work, that we meant help, that we meant relief, and they who have desired to get their gifts and re lief to that field, and those who were want- ing only some one to relieve and place it, have asked us to take their funds, their boxes, their barrels, or whatever they had to send, and to do tae best with it. ‘We have done so. “In looking over it all I can say is that we have 1n every case done the best we knew. Whatever occurs, whatever may happen, the Red Cross, in view of what it isand what it has done. will sleep weil at the end.” [Applause.] Miss Barton then told how the Red Cross came to be organized in this coun- try. America did not become a member until thirty-two governments had joined. She became a member in 1882. Turkey jomned in 1864. Turkey made but one con- dition, thatas her people had been educated to fight the cross and would cause trouble if that symbol were used, the Red Cres- cent should be substituted in Turkey. This was acceded to, and to-day the Turkish military hospital flag is a red crescent. “The society has no knowledge that Turkey has changed her attitude toward the society,” said Miss Barton. “The Red Cross knows no race, no creed, no nationality; its care is humanity. It weuld do for a wounded Turk as quickly as a wounded Armenian, and this I say without any intention of wounding the sensibilities of any Armenian present. I went through the four years of civil war here, and never once did [ knowingly step over a soldier in gray who needed help to succor a soldier in blue. I don’t say that I even think we can enter Turkey; I only hopeso. I can knock at her door, proffer aid, and believe that we will be given permission to enter; that is all.” Resolutions were adopted by the meet- ing providing for the appointment of a committee of thirty to inaugurate a plan for obtaining subsecriptions throughout the city and theco-operation of Governors, city officiats an citizens generally through- out New England when requested to aid in the work. The chair appointed thirty prominent business men as the committee, with Jonathan A. Lane, who presented the resolutions, as chairman. G. H. Pullman, a member of the Red Cross Society, declared that if the Red Cross went to Turkey on this mission to Armenians it must be unbampered by any conditions attached to the junds. The society must have absolute control of them. He said that $100,000 had been in the hands of the society. Other addresses were made by Mr. Lane, Hon. Robert Treat Payne and Mrs. Julia Ward Howe in support of the movement to raise funds for the support of Red Cross work in Turkey. Mrs. Holmes’ address was a most impassioned plea for civiliza- tion of Christendom to repress the Turk and end the massacre of Armenians. — . SUFFERING FROM COLD. Many Turkish Troops Ave Perishing From Exposure. LONDON, Exc., Dec. 30.—The Daily News will to-morzow publish an address from its Constantinople correspondent, saying that the Turkish soldiers who were investing Zeitoun were suffering terribly from the cold. On an average fifty deaths from exposure occurred daily among the troops. The condition of the army every- where, except that portion of it stationed in Constantinople, is deplorable. The men have not received any pay for many months. Their clothing is tattered, and their food is poor and inadequate. The 60,000 troops serving in Syria are being decimated by disease. Numbers of tho reserves are daily deserting, taking their arms and ammunition with them. This means that these deserters will take to brigandage in the near future. All the Christian gendarmes in Asia Minor have resigned, owing to the fact that they have not been paid. EXEQU ATURS REFUSED. Olney’s Report on the Treatment of United 3 States Consuls. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 30.—The President sent to Congress to-day a report from ihe Secretary of State in response to a resolution reported by the Senate last week calling for a statement aboutthe re- fusal of the Turkish Government to grant exequaturs to two United States consular officers. The report is as follows: ““To the President: The Secretary of State has had the honor to receive by reference from the President the Senate resolution, which is in the termsfollowing: ‘Resolved That the President be requested, if not in- compatible with public interests, to inform the Senate whether exequaturs of the American Vice-Consuls duly appointed to the consulates of Erzeroum and Harpoot have been withheld or refused by the Turkish Government while exequaturs have been granted to Consuls of other na- tions at the same points.’ “The facts respecting the new consul- ates at Erzeroum and Harpoot, tempor- arily filled by the appointment of Robert 8. Chilton Jr. as Vice-Consul at Erzeroum, and William D. Hunter as Vice-Consul at Harpoot, were fully set forth in a report of this department annexed %o the special message of the President on the 19th of the present month. Since making the report. however, attention has been called to an error ‘of slight importance, but which it may be well to take the present oppor- tunity to correct. Instead of Messrs, Chilton and Hunter departing for Turkey last autumn they were commissioned in June, immediately started on their jour- ney, reached Constantinople in July, and SOME SORENESS I THE SENTE. Reorganization That Fails to Delight All the Democrats. HELPED BY POPULISTS. Republicans Gain Control by Their Pointed Policy of Silence. SILVER CUTS SOME FIGURE. “Sound-Money” Men Beaten in the Selection of the Finance Committee. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 30.—The reorganization of the Senate committees was effected to-day by the adoption of & resolution offered by Mitchell (R.} of Oregon, the vote on which was: Aves§ noes 28. The Populisis withheld their votes with the excepiion of Kyle of South Dakota, who voted with the Democrats. The vote was followed by a debate, in which Gorman (D.) of Maryland gave ex- pression to the soreness felt by the Sen- ators of his party at losing the control of the Senate, and in which some plain talk- ing was done on hoth sides on the subject of giving to the free-silver men a majority on the Committee on Finance. Among the papers presented and re- ferred were resolutions of the Lincoln Post of the G. A. R. of Topeka, Kans., “tendering their services,” as Peffer (Pop.) of Kansas phrased it, ‘‘in case we should have any trouble with our neighbors on the other side of the Atlantic.” They were referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. Chandler (R.) of New Hampshire intro- duced a bili to enlarge the Interstate Com- merce Committee by making it consist of one member from each State, these mem- bers to select an executive committge of five. Referred. Chandler aiso offered a resolution, which went over until to-morrow, calling on the Secretary of the Navy for information as to whether prices paid, or agreed to be paid, for armor for vessels of the navy are as low as the prices charged by the same manufacturers to foreign Governments; whether these prices have been nereased on account of patents, and, if so, whether the increase has been fair and reasonable; also,whether any Government officers are interested in such patents. The House bill as to bonds was laid be- fore the Senate, read twice and referred to the Finance Comunittee. The resolution heretofore offered by Quay (R.) of Pennsylvania, calling on the Secretary of the Navy for information as™ to whether it would be advantageous to the naval service tocontract now for six battle-ships instead of two, was taken up and agreed to. The correspondence on the subject of the vice-consulates at Erzeroum and Harpoot was laid before the Senate and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. The resolution naming the committee membership was taken up and agreed to— ayes 30, noes 28. Five of the six Populists reserved their votes, namel, Allen of Nebraska, Jones and Stewart of Nevada, Butler of North Carolina and Peffer of Kansas. Senator Kyle of South Dakota voted no. Allen(Pop.)of Nebraska declared the Pop- uhist party had no affiliation with either.of the old parties. The Populists had realized s . before the meeting of this Congvéss that there was a clear majority of the Senate in favor of free and unlimited coinage of silver and they had been perfecily willing to unite in bringing about the passage of a' free-silver measure. They had sent out invitations to the free-silver Senators, but with the exception of two or three of them they had not met with the Populists, and therefore the Populist party had resolved, as a matter of policy, to take no part what- ever in the organization of the Senate, The Populists felt that the Repubhcan party was, as between itself and the Dem- ocratic party, in the ascendancy, and that the responsibility for legislation should belong to the Republican party in both houses as speedily as possible. Harris (D.) of Tennessee asked Allen whether the Populist Senators—an annex of the Republican party—had not deliber- ately determined to allow, by their silence, a Republican organizatior of the Senate, ana whetber, therefore, the Senator from Nebraska did not understand and know that the Populists were responsible for the result of the vote, as if they had cast their votes for the resolution instead of sitting* silent. Allen replied that when the Populists came to consider the question they realized that tbey held the balance of power in their hands; and ne added, with much emphasis, that they were going to utilize it to its fullest extent as they went along. [n the discussion following Mitchell (R.) of Oregon remarked that the Republican party had a majority in the Senate; that it will be responsible for measures whenever it has Senators enough to pass them and only then. ‘“Whenever,” said Allen, “you present a Cood Blocd in winter niakes the stomach sound and vigorous, the heart healthy and tire- less, the nerves strong and the whole body full of vitality and vigor. Good biood comes with the use of . Hood's Sarsaparilla ‘The One T'rue Blocd Purifier. $1; 6 for $5. Ws Pms are easy to take, mild, effece tive. All druggists. 25¢.