The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, December 24, 1895, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 24, 1895. + CaLL, one week, by carrier..$0.15 ¢ CALL, one year, by mail.... 6.00 nd Sunday CALL, six montbs, by mail.. 3.00 Sunday CaLL, three months by mail 1.50 i .65 ¢ CALL, one month, by mail.. ne year, by mall. .. BUSINESS OFFICE: 710 Market Street, San Francisco, Caiifornia. Telepbon . . Maln—-1868 EDITORIAL ROOMS: 5 Street. Telephone... .. Main—1874 BRANCH OFFICES gomery street, corner Clay; open until : open until 9:80 o'clock. : open until 9:30 o'clock. enth and Mission streets; open on street:; open until 9 o'clock. open until 9 o'clock. ur 4518 M 316 Ninth street; OAKLAND OFFICE : 908 Broadway. N OFFICE : ew York City. Clevelandism will soon fall into innocu~ ous desuetude. It is a good home policy to cultivate the Christm ree. while you can—the swearing-off coming. s will keep at work and the given to the poor may be a trifle, er who gives it. call the Senate “un- cople feel pleased. When the g the y There are a few sweet things left in the Christmas stores wanting for you. ambling is no longer the tried to make it. » days every Philadelphian has a fe, for the streetcars don’t run. ry needs is a financial ndent of England as its s get nothing else for Christ- st get a recognition < were for syndicates, ublican loan it wilj have time to take a second the ho s, and 1f wise ahot Congress, but k enough on hand sep itself warm. y outstrip; your ry Christmas will mar Y hove the Grand Jury will imitate k steadily to business un- sured. and stic ief Cro and poc he b ley is not a new broom, but Isellers get out of the 1 to sweep. ¢ wl Many of the best preachers in the country found the Monroe doctrine a good text fol mon last Su i stand with the fonroe doctrine, but iversities are shaky. The church seems to wress solid for the some of the u: Wi en Cleveland appoints the Venezue- ission we shall know whether meant combe or business. istmas novelties are made so excel- lently in these days it is hard to tell where they cease to be toys and begin to be jewels. Europe is urging England to stand firm against the Monroe doctrine, but England doesn’t intend to catch a licking to please Europe. ving ““War nowadays is for nations na and Japan’ De Witt Talmage overlooked the fact that China wants no more of it. The value of a man’s talk against the anding bill can now be measured by the amount of assistance he gives the Com- mittee of Fiity. The Monroe doctrine finds a warm sup- port everywhere 1n America except in Can- ada, and perhaps that country will not al- ways remain cold. Now that Grover has induced Congress to attend to business during the holidays, it would be just like him to go off on an- other hunting trip. While the House 1s grinding out a means of checking the deficit, the Senate nay entertain the country with a debate on the silver question. Some of the reforms begun with the year have been dropped by the wayside, but most of them are still with us and have made good progress. Only a short time ago the Mississippi had bardly water enough to float a flat- boat, but now it has risen twenty-two feet, and is trying to wash the world away. 1t is reported the railroad lobby has ar- ranged to oppose any bill for the construc- tion of the Nicaragua canal, and thus the peopie have another battle with the mo- nopoly to fight out. bk PRI The North German Gazette says, ‘it will take America at least a decade to recover the confidence of the politicians and finan- ciers of Germany,” but it will hardly deny that we can manage to worry along some- how by having confidence in ourseives. % § A DETERMINED POLICE. Police Chief Crowley announced to the public through an interview published in vesterday’s CaLL that he would pursue the illegal poolroom gamblers to the end. Certainly the large number of arrests that he has caused to bemade and the care which he has taken to secure.evidence against them indicate that he is in earnest. His construction of the effect which Judge ‘Waliace’s decision may have on some of these gamblers is a matter in which he un- doubtedly is willing to be guided by the City’s prosecuting attorneys. There isnot an intellicent citizen who will fail to appreciate the embarrassing position in which the Police Department is placed. On one hand it hasthe Wallace decision and the Solid Eight of the Board of Supervisors, and on the other a clear knowledge of the infamy represented by the downtown poolrooms and an earnest desire of the respectable part of the com- munity to suppress it. The Police Depart- ment isa subordinate branch of the City government. Not only are its leading members under bonds and answerable for damages which corrupt influences may prove able to exact, but it is not sure that in trying to bring about decency it will re- ceive a sufficient support from respectable citizens. Recent disclosures have com- pelled the public to realize that the mu- nicipal officer who tries to do his duty finds himself overwhelmed by the corrupt influence of disreputable boss politics.” The only strong official organization representing the decent sentiment of the people is the Grand Jury. Itsefforts to correct existing evils have been heroic, though for the most part ineffectual. In the Board of Supervisors there is a stanch minority of four battling faithfully but hopelessly against the overwhelming powerof a consolidated eight. The Grand Jury has only the power to discover rot- tenness; it cannot control the legal ma- chinery constructed to punish evil. The Police Department has seemed zealous to accomplish the ends which the work of the Grand Jury is aimed to achieve, and for that reason it deserves popular sup- port. The department should realize that it has great power and a heavy public re- sponsibility; that in its assaults upon im- | meral and dangerous practic: no fear of encountering will prove formidable, and that the day is at hand when honest public servants m! not only dare to do right but may de- pend upon a just v FOREST PRESERVATION. Colonel John P. Irish’s able a: Sunday’s CALL relative to the pre of the wonderful forests of Califor inspired by a popular movement to turn over the Yosemite to the National Gov- err nt, and its argument is for the pur- T of showing that Government prote tion he cause of this in- adequacy is the failure of the Government guardians to follow the Indian custom of burning over the grot failure produ inflammable growth of injurious underbr Ho seeks to show that careful annual burni over prevents undergrowth and the accum- ulation of inflammable stuff, and thus pre- serves the forests from danger of destruc- tion by fire, and prevents the exposed soil, after such destruction, fron slippi under the action of the rains and leaving bare and unproductive rocks. The lameness of this logic is its ignoring of the fact that burning destroys the nu- trition upon which forests thrive; it is a deliberate subrogation of a natural law. Indians and stockmen burn the ground over to muke feeding ranges Sheep cannot be berded nor deer hunted in un- derbrush. No Indian was ever a ‘‘true forester”; he was only a savage hunter. The care with which he set fires was not taken for the sake of the trees, but in or- der that their burning shounid not drive the game from therange, These fires were vastly injurious to the forests for two evi- dent reasons—they destroyed the young trees and deprived the old of their proper nourishment. The f: that no young Sequoia gigantea appeared until the In- dians had been driven from their habitat and sheepmen prohibited from entering is conclusive evidence on that point, and Colonel Irish seems inadvertently to have admitted it. Colonel Irish makes a startling assertion when he declares that underbrush in the Yosemite is killinz the trees there. Roots of plants usnally have a depth and spread proportionate to the height of the p ant; hence the roots of shrubs do not usually steal much of the nutriment of large trees among which they grow, and what- ever the proportion of the nutriment they do steal it is more than compensated for by the additional nutriment whi presence of the shrubs makes po: As a rule the broad areas in forest re- gions which are now occupied solely by brush were undoubtedly caused by fires which Indiansset, for the destruction of the original trees encouraged a growth of brush which strangled the efforts of young trees to take the place of the old. More- over, the rule of nature is to replant a de- stroyed forest with a growth of another kind. Besides furnishing the chief means of fertilization, which promotes the growth of trees, accumulations of discarded vege- tation serve as a mulch, the value of which is familiar to every agriculturist; and in addition to that they offer the best possi- ble means for conserving the stores of water from precipitation. It is undeniable that accumulation of dry leaves and dead grass increases danger from fire; but it seems illogical to argue that the best way to prevent human beings from setting fires is to remove from their reach things that will burn. It might be better to try the plan of preventing the setting of fires. INTERMENT IN CITIES, While efforts are being made in San Francisco to prohibit the interment of the dead within the City limits, it is instruct- ive to know that a similar movement is in progress all over the country, and that some peculiar discoveries’ are coming to light. In addition to all the other objec- tions which have been made, including pollution of surface water and the destruc- tion of values of vrivate property con- tiguous to burying-grounds, a writerin a scientific magazine calls attention to the most serious danger of all—the embalm- ing process to which many bodies are sub- jected. He shows that the materials used in this service are generally very poisonous, and that most of them retain their virulence permanently and are easily taken up by the water in the soil and carried to sources of water supply. It isastonishingto what extent this processof embalming is carriea at present. A death in a family able to afford the small expense is almost sure to be followed by embalming. This is re- sorted to because our custom of delaying interment until the second day after death, and often longer, renders it almost necessary. The writer of the article in question at- tacks the custom with great vigor on two grounds—one that it is dangerous, and the itneed have | ntagonism which | other that it is inefficacious. He cites the case of General Grant, whose body, though embalmed by one of the approved modern processes, gave no evidence of benefit from the operation. A thoroughly scientific analysis of the methods employed might discover a considerable incongruity be- tween them and the needs of the particular case to which they are applied. .The busi- nessisin the hands of undertakers, who use chemical preparations manufactured for the purpose by houses specially engaged in that business. The undertaker, therefore, is not an expert in the sense that a cher- ist or physician would be. At the sama time this embalming is intended merely as a temporary expedient, and to that end it serves a useful purpose under the prevail- ing custom, which renders some such re- sort necessary. It is a serious matter, however, to be in- troducing deadly poisons into the soil of cities. If the prevailing custom makes this necessary. it furnishes a sufficient ar- gument against what goes under the un- scientiic name of “intramural burial,” without considering the many other ob- jections which have been advauced. Em- balming can hardly be stopped by leg- islation in the presence of a custom of keeping bodies out of ground so long. RELIEF AT HAND. The determination of the Republican majority in the House to continue the session of Congress through the holidays in order to provide a prompt relief for the treasury will be received with more than ordinary satisfaction by business men. It vuts an end to the reports that the Repub- lican leaders would take a partisan ad- vantage of the situation to complete the discredit and disgrace of Democracy by leaving the administration to flounder on with increasing deficits and enlarging debts to the end of its term. This 1n itself is reassuring, It gives another proof that the Republican leaders in Congress will | live up to the great maxim, ““He serves his party best who serves his country best.” While it would be easy for the Republi- can majority to render the Cleveland ad- ministration utterly impotent for the re- mainder of its term of office, and give the country further proof of the weakness and worthlessne f Democratic legislation, it would not be expedient to do o even from a partisan point of view. Democracy can | hardly be put to a greater shame than that of having its administration appeal- g to a Republican majority to save the Nation from the consequences of Demo- cratica The peovle will not forget this confession of incompetence, nor will they | overlook the fact that itdid not come until the treasury had been involved in such difficulties that the credit of the Govern- ment has been clouded and a financial panic threatened. Of course Congress will not undertake immediately any radical reformation of either the tariff or the currency. What- ever it does will be intended only as a more careful and temporary relief until thorough work can be ¢ a Republican administra t must be borne in mind in passing judgment upon any legislation the House may bring forward in response to the President’s request. The two things to be done at once are to provide a revenue sufli- cient for the needs of the Government and to supply the Secretary of the Treasury with a means to maintain the gold reserve These duties must be at- | tended to before anything else. When a | house is on tire we must extinguish the | tames before undertaking any improve- ments in the structure. Whatever may be the outcome it is cer- in the action of Congress will allay any v feeling that may have been felt in part of the country. The relief asked for will be given promptly, and it will be adequate to the Nation's nesds. The people may give themselves up to the enjoyment of the holidays without anxiety about tne future. The business of tne country is in safe hands. There will be no panic. PERSONAL. Ambrose Bleree is at the Baldwin. Dr. Charles Brown of Scotland is at the Ocei- dental. J. C. Campbell, the attorney of Marysville, is in the City. Charles at the Lick A. P. Catlin, the attorney, of Secramento, is at the Lick. Dr. A. E. Bailey of Chicago isamong the re- cent arrivals. Dr. W. D. Rogers of Watsonville is among re- cent arrivals. D. V. Waldron, a business man of Victoria, is at the Grend. K. tearns, & business man of Seattle, is at the Occidental. George E. Goodmen, the banker, of Napa, ar- rived here yesterday. H. W. Crabb, the vineyardist, of Oakdale, is spending & few days here. Professor J. C. Kirtland of Stasford Univer- | sity is spending the holidays here, D. P. Durst, the editor and proprietor of the Four Corners at Whentiand, is in the City. Professor J. M. Schaeberle, the noted astrono- mer of the Lick Observatory, is in the City. T.J. King, a leading merchant ot Honolulu, was among the arrivels on yesterday’ssteamer. Ludwig Strass of Freemantle, West Australia, near the famous Coolgardie gold district, is here, accompanied by his wife. T. A. Graham, district passenger and freight agentof the Southern Pecific Company, with headquarters at Tacoma, arrived here yester- day to spend the holiday season in San Fran- cisco. This is his first trip to this point since his holiday visit of last year. Fishback, an attorney of Seattle, is CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 23.—Among recent arrivals are: R. Brockholst, Savoy; T. M. Mc- Farlane, St. Denis; C. H. Wand, Grand: J. Mar- tin, Westminster; M. Adelsdorfer, Grand Union; L. E. Cohen, Everett; J. W. Warbur- ton, Marlborough; L. 0. Peck, Brunswick; M. Kohn, Hoffman; G. A. Knight, Imperial; E. H. Forest, Grand;; J. Sylvester, Morton, Christmas Tide. “A merry Christmas!” How the old words waken A thrill and throb for many & Christmas fled, For hoves fulfilied not, that the years have taken Into their keeping, like the tears ye shed. “A merry Christmas™ Let the happy chorus Bring o new thrill, new freedom, new delight; Pust pain makes present joy but sweeter for us, E'en 2 the dawn of morning after Light. “A merry Christmas!” Be ye thankful ever For iriendship that is’left, warm, sure and strong, Forlove that fills your hearts with high endeavor. Live life anew. "Ye do the past no wrong. “A merry Christmas!” Life has balting places, Where ye may pause in all the busy strife To comfort thuse whose sorrow-stricken faces “Tell th-1r own St0ry in the book of life. “A merry Christmas!” Raise on high the holly, With spirits leaping at the sonnd of mirth, Far nobler than all sorrow is your folly That sneds “good-will” and gladness o'er the eurth. —Chambers’ Journal. A Fault of Americans. Los Angeles Journal. No people display greater qualities than Americans in emergencies or on extraordinary occasions. This has been abundantly shown throughout the entire National history. When- ever a great evil appears they move upon it with majestic and relentless tread, ard demol- ish it effectually and vitilessly; but with all their good qualities they have a serions fault. Firstof all they endure evils in public affairs with long suffering and do not become aroused until the contition is quite unbearable, and when the work of reform scems to have been accomplished they relapse into inattention and supineness. AROUND THE CORRIDORS. ““Crops will be good this vear—that is, good up my way, in Boonville, Anderson Valley, Mendocino County,” said T. J. McGimsey, the stogk-grower and agriculturist, in the Lick House yesterday. “We have one of the best counties iu the whole of California and our wool, hop and lumber product will show up lavorably with any other section of the State.” “How is the hog business?” “‘Good, what there is of it: but we do not bother our heads over hogs much. Wool and hops are the special things we care for, and we are far advanced 1n the business of producing them both. The weather has been unusually good and we are not much bothered with frosts. Itsnows there occasionally; but take the whole county and bunch It and you will T. J. McGimsey Looks Forward to Good Crops. [Sketched from life by a “ Call” artist.] find that we understand the artof farming. Of course you know that tarming is an art— one of the highest arts—ana no man lives but can find something new in the business every day. Itell youa men is experimenting all the time whether he wants to or not. “We have all been discussing the outlook this year, and while prices are not quite stiff enough the general outlook is pretty good. The hop demand will be right up to the pro- duction and we will be able to get rid of the crop right here in Caliiornia. Wool is not np to the high-water mark bv any means, but it may grow stronger Lefore we shear again. “By George, boys, I'm getting very hungry for Mendocino County. I haven't been there for ten days. When I sit down and talk over the prospects of the best partof California it makes me want to get back there and cast my eyes over the scene. Just think of it; here I am down in the City and everything is boom- ing up around Boonviileand Anderson Valley. You may talk all you please about city life, but the mountains and streams and the rich val- leys are good enough for me. First-class farmers never come to San Frauncisco unless they have some business here. I tell you I'm kind of anxious about getting home. Been away t0o long anyhow. Ten days down here is about all anybody wants, Give us Mendocino County and good crops, with plenty of wool and a heavy hop season, and we can stand off the earth.” LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE. THERE WILL BE NO WAR, BUT— To the Editor of the San Francisco Call— Srr: There will be no war between this coun- try and England, for the reason that before the crisis arrives, England will have settied her difficulties with Venezuela, and there will then be nothing left to fight about, at least un- til the Monroe doctrine comes up again, a re- mote coutingency, because European nations will bereafter be rather careful not to run against it. Pending this disenssion, however, the Clay- ton-Bulwer treaty should be, and doubtl will be, disposed of, and our right to build the Nicaregua Canal placed beyond dispute. The construction of that canal is as great a neces- sity for the upholding of the Monroe doctrine as was the construction of the Pacific railroads during the war of the rebellion. z It is singuiar that nothing has yet been said about it in the present Congress. Another in- cident of the discussion wiil probably be larger concessions by the English Government to the Home-rule party in Ireland in order to quiet them in case of war with the United States. If war should come the chief ultimate loss to the United States would be in diminish- ing the purchasing power of our principal cus- tomer, England. The immediate effect in the United States would be the active employment of all labor and industries in the ereation of war supplies and the withdrawal of at least a %lrwr ofa million of soldiers from competition in the labor market. At the end we should owe probably a billion dollars more, but the ‘‘British possessions” would have become ‘‘American possessions’” throughout the continent and we should have more than an even chance thereafter to regain the commerce that English Confederate priva- fielfi deprived us of dxfflng the war of the re- on. 1f England won she would doubtless make us pay the cost of the war, and that is about all, %0 that she apparently fias everything to lose and nothing to gain.” We have much to gain d nothing to lose but an_ addition to our debt, some devastation in seaboard cities and some loss of pride. o The stored wealth of the world would not last five years should production cease. Labor conquiers all things, and a little additional ef- lziniwonld soon replace any temporary de- pletion. War is the chastening hand of God. The loss of a few million dollars material resources, the hastening of a few lives to an earlier grave, is not to he measured with the final evolution and establishment of a g shall thereafter stand as ight to 6ulde the footsteps of the generations to come. ery truly, THOSs. V. O'BRIEN, San Francisco, Dec. 22, 1895. THE GENEVA AWARD. To the Editor of the San Francisco Call—SIR: I have found much to approve in the uttered sentiments of your worthy Mayer, but I must file an exception when he says ten million of the Geneva award should have been returned to England, as it was unclaimed. While the actual loss to commerce may not have exceed- ed five millions, those familiar with the his. wrx of that event will testify that the political and material aid and sympathy given to the Soutn by England enabled the South to hold out irom one to two yearslonger than the: otherwise conid have d’one, and one hundr million would be only a small equity for her to pay this Government. Many of us in the trenches during those dark days of the Trent affair recall the black outlook for our beloved America, not knowing but that the morrow might bring the declaration of war with England, but thanks to her noble Queen, our heroic Beecher and our beloved Lincoln, war was averted. Mr. Bull’s spirit of aggression andoverbearing intolerance has not improved, as shown by the Bering Sea, Alaska and South American difficulties.” He is suffering for a sound drubbing and I would be glad to see him get it. In estimating our strength it would be a mistake to overlook the fact who ‘we could muster at least 200,000 veterans that understand the art of war that would equal twice that number of inexperienced recruits. War is & business learned only by experience, like any other business. I earnestly hope none of our public men will do the crawfish act, but stand like men and let England take water or %hl. A SOLDIER. an Francisco, December 22, 1895. LET US PRESERVE THE PRONUNCIATION. Editor of the San Francisco Call—SIR: Did you ever hear tell of Kate Kearny, ‘Who lived near the Lakes of Kiliarney? Probably you have, as well as of General Kearny, Governor of California from Mazch to June, 1847, and in honor of whose name we have Kearny street. General Kearny pronounced his name same as Kate, which rhymed with blarney, to which he was' not very much given; but he took a pride in the pronunciation of hisname, which | the car-conductors nearing Kearny strect and | the people of San Francisco no not respect any more than they do the memory of Captain Sutter, who owned the mill at Coloma, whose name was originaily spelled Suter and always pronounced with the long u. 3 We are fortunate in San Francisco in havin; many of our streets named niter men connecte with' the early history of California aud its conquest. In preserving the name let us pre- serve the pronunciation. A.S. HALLIDIE. San Francisco, December 21, 1895. TRANSFERS. To the Editor of the San Francisco Call—SIR: By the Eddy and Turk streets electric lines passengers are transferred to Fillmore and Devisadero streets either way, north or south— an accommodation to the public. Since the opening of the Ellis and O’Farrell electric lines two blocks north, they refuse to transfer to Fillmore street—not an accommodation. For example: I am living on Hyde street, north of Geary, and desire to go to Fillmore, | north or south, and instead of taking the car at O'Farrell and Hyde streets, must walk two blocks further to Eddy street, returning by Turk street, an additional block, to get home. Again, the Ellis cable-cars formerly transferred to all Leavenworth-street cars. Now, no trans- fers from Ellis to Leavenworth going west. izens residing on the Ell reet line must pay 5 cents for riding five blocks from Market street, seek some other route or walk. Here are facilities and accommodations for the patrons of the Market-street Railway Company With a vengeance. . B. R. San Francisco, December 21, 1895. IDEAS OF WESTERN EDITORS. Keep O the Carpet. ‘Tuolumne Independent. John Bull shen’t put his muddy feet on our carpet any more. Too Many Commissions. Pasadena Star, The State has too many offices and too many | commissions, and a whole 1ot of the business it | is doing now st & loss should be leit to private | enterprise to do at a profit. Let Us Have Peace. 5 Sausalito News. War? We want no war. England wants no no war. The world wants no war. What we | want and what the world wants is less of sel- | fishness and more of otherness; less of grab | and more of give. | Raising the Price of Cows. | Lake County Bee.. The raids that Milk Inspector Dockery has | been making on the San Francisco milk have been instrumental in raising the prie miich cows in the surrounding counties, v in time will resch here. Resources Too Vast. Los Angeles Times. There arc reasons to believe that a fluancial conspiracy is on foot in England to embarrass the United Stal Our resources are 100 vast to suffer more than temporary in jury from th source; and John Bull wiil have to pay for it in the end, with compound interest, Reached the Limit. Visalia Times. England will have tofight or back down. She has brought the crisis on herself. She kept crowding till she reached the dare line.and now she is confronted with the alternative of fighting or flunking. Which will she do? Grover stands pat, and he holds a full hand. Let the band play. Peace if Possible, War if Necessary. Monterey Cypress. The Monroe doctrine may not be regarded as | a factor in fnternational politics by European Governments, but it is an integral part of the | 1 political belief of every true American citizen | —born, bred and instilied into our very being and irrespective of party, President’ Cleve- | 1and will have the unqualified support of the | Nation 1n_the of war with glaud or any other land. AN ELECTRIC RADIATOR. e An English megezine says that the radiator illustrated hereisin use in a public auditorium in London. Itis similar in appearance to some of the steam radiators, but s far lighter and is portable. The heat is generated by a current that pesses through wires offering a high resistance; this resistance turns the energy of the current into heat. The wires are concealed by the ra- diating surface and the enrrent isled to them by means of flexible conductors, The radiator may be placed wherever it is needed and the current may be controlled by switches, thus giving any degree of heat de- sired. It is said there is absolutely no danger of fire. A DAINTY MORNING SACQUE. A luxurious, dainty dressing sacque appeals to all women, especially if the shape itself be simple, and may be easily made at home by the amateur dressmaker. (The model shown here is seamless in front. The back has but one form joined to the front by an underarm gore). White silk, figured all over with sprays of yellow blossoms, with a lining of yellow eider- ) down is one of the most dainty combinations. jabot of white lace, with an edging of the same around the collar forms the trhnm{nf. A white flannel with blue !tflpels ined with blue china silk, had a ruffle of blae ribbon around the collar, with an immense bow of the same at the front. A white challie with pink flfiuren was lined with pink china silk, of which the collar was also made; the latter was edged with white lace, which also formed a ;lbot in front. The sleeves of this were cut off ust below the elbow and trimmed with a rufile of the lace. A violet silk was lined with white flannel. The collar was of violet and white striped silk, of which the cuffs were also made. A five-inch accordion-pleated ruffle of chiffon edged the enforcement, even to the point | collar, formed a {frill down the front,and hung over the hands. For.simpler uc?ues eider-down and flannel are used without linings. A simple trimming consists of three bows of bright ribbon in front. CANNING AND THE MONROE DOC- TRINE. England’s connection with the formulation of the Monroe doctrine is thus expiained by the St. Louis Globe-Democrat: George Can- ning, the British Foreign Secretary, told Rich- ard Rush, the Americen Minister in London, in August, 1823, that the Holy Alliance had designs on the freedom of the South and Cen- tral American States which had recently | gained their independence of Spain, and pro- posed that the United States should eo-operate with England in d-feating this purpose. Rush informed the Secretary of State, John Quiney Adams, of Canning’s revelations and Pproposition, and Adams laid them before Presi- | dent Monroe. Wisely declining the “entan- gling alliance” ptoposed by Canning, the Ad- ministration took prompt action on its own responsibility, and the result was the declara- tion in Monroe’s message to Congress in De- cember of that year warning Europe to keep its hands off the independent Latin nations of this Continent. What were England’s mo- tives in this matter? Nobody supposes she was prompted by any love for either the Latin-American nations or the United States or for the cause of freedom. Mozt of the Amer- ican statesmen of that day attributed her course to a knowledge that the profitable trade she had with those nations would be cut off if they were restored to Spain or itthe Holy Alliance took possession of them. Adams thought her purpose was to commit the United States against getting control of any of them. These considerations should be keptin mind when Canning’s boast is read: “Contemplating Spain such asour ancestors had known her, I resolved that if France had Spain [France had just suppressed & popular revolt in Spain] itshould notbe Spain with the Indies. Icalled the New World into existence to redress the balance of the 01d.” What were the views of Monroe's contem- poraries as to the scope ot the Monroe declara- tion? Adams who, as Secretary of State, is understood to have written that part of the message in 1823 which contains the “hands oft” warning to Europe, said to Congress in 1825, as President, in his special message on the objects of the Panama conference, the orig- inal “Pan-American” affair, that “each [Latin- American nation] will guard, by its cown means against the establishment of any future Euro- pean colony within its borders.” And he added that “this was, more than two years ago, an- nounced by my predecessor to the world as a principle resulting from the emancivation of both the American continents.” These words are against the notion that the United States | was to exercise guardianship over the whole contirent. Daniel Webster, in & speech in the House in 1826 on the Panama mission, said the Monroe declaration could not be “retracted or annulled without disgrace,” and thatit wasa “bright page in our history.” If countries as “remote from us as Chile or Buenos Ayres” were assailed he thought we might “‘content ourselves with remonstrance,” but he said *'a very different case” would arise if & country on “the shores of the Gulf of Mexico were in- vaded.” Cley, Celhoun and most of the states- mea of his period appeared to agree with this view. Venezuela is near enough to the Gulf of Mexico to bring England's assault upon her within the scope of the Monroe warning. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. A LEASE—A. B., Saratoga,Santa Clara County, Cnl. Asageneral proposition a tenant under leases may remove temporary improvements, such as sheds, chicken-houses and the like, which he erected during his tenancy, but such removal must be before the expiration of the Jease. Sometimes it is inserted in_the lease thet any improvements the tenant shall make become the property of the owner. Whena | person takes a lease of a piece of property he | should have a clear understanding with the | owner as to improvements,and in that way avoid all trouble. PORTLAND CEMNET—W. F. M., Naps, Cal. Portland cement derives its name from its | supposed resemblance to Portland stone, when used as & stucco on wells. The materials used in the manufacture of the cement are chalk or any other rich limestone, river mud or clay and oxide of iron. Tge proportions vary at different works from 65 10 80 per cent of lime- and from 20 to 35 of clay and oxide of mixed with water in a mill, then dried slowly on hot plates, and afterwards calcined in a kiln and reduced to a fine powder. Beiore being used it should be kept in » dry place for months as its cohesive strength is thereby incressed. Portland stone is en English building-stone of which many of | the_principal buildings of London, including St. Paul’s Cathedral and many of the churches, were constructed. The quarries are chiefly in the islands of Portland and Purbeck and in’the Vale of Wardour. CHICAGO DRAINAGE CANAL—W. F. M., Napa, Cal. The Chicago drainage canal now being built is principally for the purpose of carrying off the sewnge of Chicago,which flows into Lake AMichigen and tends to contamitate the water supply of the city, notwithstanding the fact that the water works' intake is several miles from the shore. In time the canal may be used for canel boats. The course of the canal is from the mouth of the Chicago River, through the Des Plaines Valley, to a_point near Joliet, where it will join thé Des Plaines River. The distance is about thirty-five miles. The width will vary; the cutting throngh rock will be of the unitorm width of 162 feet, and in earth of 202 feet, with a uniform depth of 22 feet. It was commenced September 3, 1892, and it is expected that it will be finished November 1, 1895. The estimated cost is $21,799,293. Itis feared that the opening of the canal Will lower the lake. Ifitlowers three inches it will de- crease the carrying capacity of the lake fleet 1,142,370 tons, snd proportionately every three inches, and involve a decrease of earn- ings of 50 cents per ton every year, FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR—J. 8., City. At the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian war the French field troops consisted ot 368 battalions, 252 squadrons and 984 guns. The strength of the entire army in peace was 393,000, in war 567,000. The forces immediately available for war on the Rhine was estimated at 350,000, but fell short of 300,000. Then came the re- cruits, reguier troops raised es regiments de marche, to 213,000 infantry, 12,000 cavalry and 10,000 artillery. The Garde Mobile ex- ceeded 300,000, of which 180,000 were actu- ally in the field and apout 250,000 in Paris and in camps and depots. Altogether the new formation amounted to nearly 1,700,000, and if to that the army existing at the beginnin, 0f the war be added, the total force developes by France during the struggle was over 2,000,000. Prussia had 480,000 men in addi- tion tothe standing armies of the dependencies numbering 170,32 Germany had 447, troops ready for the first battle, besides a first reserve of 188.000 and & second of 225,000 without the landwehr, which is similar to' the militia of the United States. THE VENEZUELA MATTER. Chicago Record. Judged by its own history the attitude of Great Britain, under the premiership of Lord Salisbury, in refusing to arbitrate the Vene- zuelan boundary dispute is deserving of severe condemnation. Not since the Schomburg line was drawn and receded from have such ex- travagant and positive claims to territory been made until Salisbury assumed control. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. It was in the year 1777 that John Paul Jones, commanding & ship of eighteen guns, appeared on the British coast and made a raid on the town of Whitehaven. The Declaration of In- dependence was then but little more than & ear old. 1f England is counting on immunity rom attack at her own doors in case of war with this country she has forgotten the grit and enterprise of American sailors. Nashville (Tenn.) Banner. | Of course, the overwhelming majority of Americans do not wish war, yet they are for their country and for maintaining its prestige and honor at all hazards. It is sincerely to be hoped that there will come no bloody confiict out of the Venezuelan complication, and we believe there will not. Yet should it'come to the worst, we are confident England will have most to regret because of its consequences, Chicago News. England is in no condition to knock the chip from Uncle Sam's shoulder. To keep Turkey from being dismembered and partitioned among the other powers is no small job, Things in India are not in the best shape and demand the consiant attention of the home Government. The Russian bear is hungry and R R STae e no time for golf and cricket Philadelphia Times. It is impossible to belleve that two Kreat civilized nations like Great Britain and the United States are going to war over a petty dispute of this kind that ought to have been settled by iriendly ndju::x:ex‘n :(':enn ago. It i rievous mistake for Congress now Tl or sy Snytning that would make it more difficult for the Executive to come peacefully as,well as honorably out of the discussion. The President speaks for the Nation, and he should feei that the Nation will strenuously sup- port him in all that its dignity may de- mand, even to an extremity that we still prafer to believe remote. 1 Boston Journal. If a fraction of the administration’s vigor had been manifested two years ago,.it might not be necessary to s!;euk out so plainly now, and the country would have been saved some humilfating experiences, But better late than never isa sound maxim. We can afford to let bygones be bygones. Topeka (Kans.) State Journal. There is a principle involved in the Vene- - zuelan matter above and beyond the mere question of boundary lines. It is the question of whether or not a great and powerful nation shall be permitted to bully and roba weak one. —— PURE mixed candies, 10c Ib. Townsend's. * ————————— CALENDARS, 1896. Roberts, 220 Sutter st. * TOWNSEND'S famous broken candy 10c pound.* Tovmzxn’_s m! building.* PLENTY of mwnsend'l. * —————————— A NICE present for Christmas—Our own Cali- forniaglace fruits; 50ca pound. Townsend'’s, * —— CHOICE cream mixed candies in telescope and Japanese baskets; 25¢ pound. Townsend's. * - Hoitt's School for Boys. Burlingame. Term begins January 7. s SPECIAL information daily to manufacturers, business houses and public men by the Press Clipping Bureau (Allen's), 510 Montgomery. * ————————— CANDIES and toys given away by Santa Claus at the Branch 0ld I X L, corner of Sixth and Mission streets, south of Market. Neckwear at popular price! « et BOOKS of all kinds—history, religion, peetry, standard fiction, art works, children’s books etc. Closing out for storage chatges atless than cost of manufacture. Open evenings. 747 Market street. oo e e For men whose natures have been expanded by social pleasures Argonaut whisky 1s made, and it is by these that Argonaut is used. It is a gentleman’s drink, tne conseientious proauct of distillers who know that in order to main- tain & high reputation for a particular article they cannot afford to turn out any but a pure, wholesome and beneficial whisky. The fact that physicians preseribe it is sufficient to in- dicate its quality, E. Martin & Co., 411 Mar- ket street. » —————— An Announcement. J. G. Macdonald, originator of “Macdonald s Tea and Cracker Store,” 1120 Market street, desiresjto announce to his friendsand the pub- lic that he has resumed command of the busi- ness at the above address, where he will, as before, supply the freshest crackers and bis- cuits and the best teas and coffees in the City. His specialties—crackers always fresh, “Mac- donald’s Best” coffee and fresh teas. - e — " *Her beauty,” observed the Silk Worm, ‘“igrows on me.)” “Ah, yes,” rejoined the Ostrich, “I have notiled the seme thing.” The reader will doubtless shrewdly guess that they were speaking of one with whom clothes made the woman.—Detroit Tribune. ———————————— MxrIT is what gives Hood's Sarsaparilla its great popularity and constantly increasing sales. It per- fectly and permanently cures catarrh, Fheums- tism, salt rheum, in fact all blood diseases. CHICAGO LIMITED. VIA SANTA FE ROUTE. A mew train throughout begins October 29. Pullman’s finest sleeping-cars, vestibule feclining- chair cars and dining-cars. Los Angeles to Chl- cago, via Kansas City, without change. Annex cars on sharp connection for Denver and St. Louls. Twenty-seven hours quicker than the quickest competing train. The Santa Fe has been put in fine physical condition and is now the best transcontinental railway. e ——— Edison has just burned 1000 letters that had accumulated in his desk during the absence of his stenographer. No Christmas and New Year's table should be without a bottle of Dr. Sleger’s Angostura Bitters, the world renowned appetizer of exquisite fiavo: Beware of counterfelts. e —— SINGERS AND ARTISTS GENERALLY are users of “Brown’s Bronchial Troches™ for Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness and Throat Irritations. They afford instant relief. Avoid imitations. .- “What's & green Christmas?”’ “It's one of those Christmases where a man gives a 30 gold locket to a girl who knits him 15-cent yarn wristlets.”—Chicago Record. NEW TO-DAY. V ERY Pretty Dishes VERY Cheap Prices Pretty China Cups, Saucers and Plates 10, 15, 20, 25, 35 cts. each Dainty China Cream Pitehers 10, 15, 20, 25, 35 cts. each Faney China Salads, Ice Creams and Pro- serve Dishes 10, 15, 20, 25, 35 cts. each TEA SETS Pieces completa for 6 Persons Brown, Blue and Rich Gold Spray Decora. tions, ’ Prices per Set— .25, 275, 340, DINNER SETS 60 Plecas compoleta for 6 Persons Pure White, Blue, Brown and Kich Gold Spray Decorations. 30 ]1.ss, Prices per set— 350, 4.00, 4.25, B.25, G5 DINNER SETS loo Pleces complete for 12 Persons Pure White, Blue, Brown and Rich Gold Spray Decorations. Prices per set— B.so, B.50, T.25, 875 9Os0 Bisque and China Ornaments, 10, 12}, 20, 25, 35, 50 cts each Fancy China Mugs, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25cts. each China Cuspidores, handsomely decorated, 40, 50, 65 cts. each Jardinieres, newest shapes and colors, 35¢, 50c, 65¢c, 75 cts. each Great American [mporting Tea Co. New Store 1344 Murket st., Bet. 7th and Sth 140 Sixth st. 965 Market :i. st. 521 Montg'y 2008 Fillmore st. 30008ixteanthat. City Stores. 617 Kearny st. 146 Ninth st. 3259 Mission st. 1053 Washington 917 Broadway. .. 131 Sap Pabloav. 618 E. Twelfth st Oakland. Alameda B treden Headquarters—52 Market St. 23" We Operate 100 Stores and Agencies. Write for Price List.