The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, October 9, 1895, Page 6

CHARLES M. SHORTRIDGE, Editor and Proprietor. " SUBSCRIPTION RATES—Postage Free: , one week. by carrier.$0.15 one year, by mall... 6.00 T ally and Sunday Cary, six months, by mail 3.00 Tefly and Sunday CaLy, three montbs, by mall 1.50 Daily and Supday CALL. one month, by mail .65 €undey CALL, one vesr, by mall. 1.50 | WEEKLY CALL, one year, by mail 150 T#ily snd Sunday CaLL, BUSINESS OFFICE: 710 Market Stree Telephone. ....uee-.n. EDITORIAL ROO] 817 Clay Strees. Maln—1868 Telephone. ..Maln—1874 £50 Montgomery street, corner Cla, £:50 0 clock. 350 Haves street : open until 9:30 o'clock. 717 Larkin street; open until 9:30 o'cloek. SW . corner Sixteenth and Mission streets; open Txtil 9 o'clock. £618 Mission street; open until 9 o'clock. 316 Ninth street; open until 9 o'clock. OAKLA.;;D OFFICE: 208 Broadway. EASTERN OFFICE: Facific States Advertising Bureau, Rhinelander e streets, New York Clty. : open until Allright, President Jordan, “Bionomics’ goes Whenever monopoly assumes anything it assumes too much. WEEE | To enjoy the Olympics hereafter one must be an Olympian. Politicians will please catch on to the “bionomics” of reform. Modern business needs high buildings and high builaings it mnst have. Ii Chicago turns her attention to devel- oping South Africa who will free Cuba? Perhaps Mr. Huntington has concluded that the Railroad Commission is another toy. 53 In Democratic factions there is always the consistency of two lumps of the same mud. if the law of California has a strong hand the place to play it is in Round Valley. Mr. Buckley has perhaps forgotten that Napoleon returned justin time to be pres- ent at Waterloo. The Episcopal convention has abount as many nuts to crack as anybody, and they are not chestnut e 0 were so eager to tinker with the tariff a few yearsago are not even willing to talk about it now. We furnish the heiress and England fur- nishes the Duke, but France furnishes the 1 get the trade. milliners and wi The average bos: has no har not got one in the City treasury. We are surely right in thinking that prospects are clearing up since we'can ses another railroad coming.our way. The cut in freight rates at Denver may; be cited as another illustration that when! railroads fall out just men get their dues. Every successive season brings us nearer to the London fruit market, and when we get close enough to reach it well it will be ours. The principal feature of the much- discussed bull-fight at Atlanta turns out te be a trick bull, and for the fighters it is no trick at all. 1f Gorman could ornly get Baltimore’s baseball team to travel with him there is no doubt every voter in the State would follow him. The Marlborough and Vanderbilt wed- ding will get out of the way by the middle of November and then we can have Thanksgiving. The line of defense for Democracy next vear will probably be an attempt to prove an alibi for the party during the Cleveland administration. The Sacramento Valiey editors have ont- lined a programme of work big enough to furnish them with editorial subjects for ten years to come. The Southern Pacific of Kentucky may assume to ignore the Railroad Commission of California, but the law knows which of the two to respect. It is a proof of the rapidity with which the Valley road is going forward that every day is furnishing new items of interest in the way of its progress. 1t will be & heavy strain on even a Dem- ocratic conscience to point with pride next year to a tariff they denounced as perfidy 2nd dishonor last year. It is believed in some quarters that Cor- bett and Fitzsimmons may be able to find a hole in the Texas law big enough to punch one another through. The difference between the technology of science and the slang of the streets is only the difference in the time it takes people to learn what it means. 11 it be true that Chicago is in danger of being affected by the South African intox- ication her cavitalists had better come to California and get the genuine gold cure. wilt expectmuch of it, or so long no one will read it and see there is nothing in it. With wars now going on in Formosa, Madagascar and Cuba it is time to ask if the islands of the world have not some rights that continentsare bound torespect. Judge Thompsen’s article in the Ameri- can Law Journal reviewing the decision in the Stanford case may not be pleasantread- ing for those who wish to indulge in blind and unthinking reverence for .our courts, but nevertheless it is pleasant to know we have lawyers brave enough to make it clear to the people when the courts go wrong. The claim adjuster of the Southern Pacific Company says that, last spring he received every day .about, thirty- five complaints of injuries cgused by the electric-cars, and now he receives only ten aday. From this he infers that people will soon get used to the cars and quit complaining, and the inference is not illogical. If ten people are’ knocked over every day it won't be long before the town is silenced. THE VALLEY EDITORS, Among the important policies agreed upon by the editors of the Sacramento Valley, whose convention at Marysville has just been held, was one for the advo- cacy of an immigration headquarters to be located somewhere “in" the valley for the temporary care, free of “cHarge, of immi- grants pending their selection of a home. The idea is original and valuable. The re- ports of the meeting do not indicate the plan for installing and maintaining the headquarters, nor for inferming immi- grants of the accommodations provided | for them, nor for inducing immigrants to come and avail themselves of the oppor- tunity; but we assume that an intelligent plan has been devised and that the editors are prepared to urge its promotion and know how to accomplish it. At the same meeting a discussion was had concerning the proper means for the use of the $1000 which Boards of Super- visors are authorized by law to expend an- nually for advertising the resources and attractions of their counties, with a view to induce immigration, and the sense of the meeting was that the money should be distributed among the papers of the county in payment ior special descriptive articles. 1t is entirely right that the money should g0 to the county papers and that there should be an intelligent plan for their dis- tribution. This idea worked in connec- tion with the one of having an immigra- tion headquarters constitutes an admirable scheme for promoting immigration, and the intelligence and energy of the Sacra- mento Valley editors may be depended on for its successful operation. If the local governing bodies of the interior counties should display the earnestness charactistic of the interior press the evil of bad roads, neglected industries and the unseientific handling of natural resources would dis- appear. As the most efficient agency to that end the newspapers deserve to have their power for the good of the State in- creased by the payment to them of what- ever public moneys are set apart for ad- | vancing the interests of California. PRIZE-FIGHTING LAWS. * Aninteresting phase of the American eagerness to have laws covering every contingency of public policy was displaved in Texas when the Governor hastily con- vened the Legislature in special session and secured the passage of an act prohib- iting prize-fights, in order to check the im- vending ‘“contest” between Corbett and Fitzsimmons. It is now asserted that Ne- vada is in a predicament similar to that of Texas before the enactment of the new statute, and that consequently lovers of the brutal “sport” of prize-fighting are moving to have the ‘‘contest’’ take place at Carson. Governor Jones, while appearing to be somewhat . distressed, announces his determination to “‘enforce the law.” In every State there are general laws which, to a person of ordinary intelli- gence, would seem sufficient to serve as a check on ' these disgraceful occurrences. Because in Nevada there is a law permit- ting the licensing of decent sports, includ- ing boxing, which when decently done is one of the finest and manliest of sports, the promoters ‘of prize-fighting ‘assume that their favorite *‘sport” may be licensed and that Corbett and Fitzsimmons may fight on Nevada soil. Yet we feel confident that if Nevada has no law ‘expressly forbidding prize-fights, it has general laws’ prohibiting inde- cent and demoralizing practices of all kinds, and that if it should be so extra- ordinary & State as not to have them, the courts still have the'poWer under the com- ‘|'mon law of prohibiting’ acts and practices opposed to publie morality. Prize-fighting ‘unquestionably comes under tbat category. If the peace officers would take the proper initiative steps on these lines and the courts would exercise their discretionary power for the ‘public good there would be no great need for special prohibitive legis- lation. THE STATE GRANGE. THE CaLL has for some days past devoted considerable space to Grange affairs, and its intelligent and comprehensive dis- patches from Merced during the meeting of the State Grange must have commended themselves to the farmers of the State who are anxious to know what is proposed by this old and well-tried farmers’ organiza- tion. The information was almost equally valuable to other classes whose members all well understand their own prosperity to be bound up in that of the farming community. = The Btate Grange, as i3 its custom, has expressed itself sensibly on many questions of public importance, but the thing which it has resolved to actually do, and do now, is to enter upon an organized and vigorous campaign of education along agricultural and economic lines. There is no_question of the wisdom of this action or that it will lead more quickly to material results tban any other course. The Grange as a social institution will prosper as the iarmers’ prosperity affords the means and the in- clination for social enjoyments; 8s a co- |- operative institution it will prosper as the education of its members permits it to co- operate wisely. The thing todo first is to educate, and since it has madethatresolve, it will be the pleasure as well as the duty of Tae CALL to afford such ald as it can render by giving the widest possible pub- licity to its intentions and plans for executing them. THE OLNEY HUMBUG. It has been a long time since the coun- try was informed frorn Washington that the advent of Olney to the office of Secre- tary of State would infuse a new vigor into the foreign policy of the administration. It has been a long time since the first re- port was sent out that foreign nations would find the Boston lawyer quite a dif- ferent man from the placid Iilinois Judge, and that the little finger of Olney was to, be mightier in diplomacy than the whole hand of Gresham. Ithas been a long time since these tales were first told, and the ministration really intends even at this late day to maintain the traditional Amer- ican policy in dealing with foreign nations. Secretary Olney has had abundant op- portunity to show whatever vigor. there is in him, nor has he lacked for cause to make the most of the opportunity. The affairs of Venezuela, of Madagascar, of Cuba and of our own Alaskan boundary have not merely offered him - eccasions for action; they haye forced them upon him. Time and again bave issues -arisen from these various international complications that called for prompt.decision and deter-, mined action on the part of our Govern- ment, and yet to all appearance nothing has been done. Great Britain has not yet consented to arbitrate-her dispute with Venezuela. Our ex-Consul, Waller, lingers: in a French prison, Spanish outrages in: “Cuba continue and the Alaskan‘boundary question remains in an unsettled and ex- asperating condition, - - 3 It is true that reports follow one another from Washington of what Secretary Olney intends t6 do. According to these he is always on the verge of some mighty THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, WEDNESDAY, QCTOBER 9, 1895. W action and the people are asked to wait a little longer before concluding that the new manis as futile in the role of Blaine's successor a8 was the unfortunate Gresham. The people will recall, however, that when Oiney was Attorney-General we heard similar reports about the vigor with which he was about to prosecute yiolators of the anti-trust law. None of these reports were ever found to be true, nor is it likely that those now sent ont are any more reliable. The Cleveiand administration began with an un-American foreign policy and will continue to the end. THE FLOURISHING “BULLETIN.” ‘The Evening Bulletin in issuing yester- day a special edition to commemorate the fortieth anniversary of its first publica- tion succeeded fully in making the cele- bration worthy of the occasion. As in its forty years of life the Bulletin has made an almost complete record of the history of California as an American State, so the edition of yesterday was an epitome of the conditions that exist now. It was, in fact, a type of the best " journalistic work of the day, both in literature and iliustration, and the editors . may well be satisfied with the success accomplished. 1t is not difficult once in a while to pub- lish a newspaper of forty pages. Many country papers have done as much and many will do sp again. For a San Fran- cisco paper to perform such a feat is of course nothing. When it comes, how- ever, to filling forty pages with live news, clean, interesting, instructive matter charged all through with the vitality of the passing day and yet in many respects possessing a force worthy of permanent record, the task becomes difficult for any paper in any city. This is the work which the Bulletin bhas accompiished on its fortieth birthday and the pleasure which the public derived from the numtber will give a greater sincerity than usual to the congratulations the stanch old paper of pioneer times will receive from all sides. PERSONAL. E. W. Fogg of Oroville is at the Palace. A.J. Hassell of Visalia is at the Palace. Rev. E. Graham of Chico is at the Grand. C. M. Weber, the Stockton capitalist, is at the Grend. . Judge F. M. Apgelott! of San Rafael isat the Grand. Garrison Turner, a Modesto banker, is at the Grand. Senztor John Boggs of Colusa is at the Palace. 2 H. J. Small, & railroad man from Sacramento, is at the Grand. Victor L. Gerstle, a coffee planter of Guate: mala, is at the Lick. C. P. Berry, a large land-owner of Mountain View, is at the Russ. A.T.J. Reynolds, & fruit man from Walnut Grove, is at the Grand. William Agie Jr., a m{ning man from Alaska, is registered at the Russ. Henry Marshall, & prominent merchant of Sebastopol, 1s at the Russ. Railroad Commissioner H. M. La Rue of Sac- ramento is at the Occidental. Commander D. W. Mullan of the United States steamship Mohican is at the California. Captain H. L. Howison, commandant of the Mare Island Navy-yard, is at the Occidente, Mrs. W. 8. Green of the Colusa Sun is stop- ping at Mrs. Campbell’s, 605 Stockton street. King Creig, King of the islands of the South Seas, Weshington and Fanning, and his son are stopping at 605 Stockton street, with Mrs. Campbell and her daughter, an old Alabama family. Charles T. Bacon, Helen Bertram Henley, Rosina Henley, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Clay Barnabee, Miss Louise Cleary and Eugene Cowles of the Bostonians are registered at the Baldwin, and Jessie Bartlett Davis end Sam L. Stadley are at the Occidental, CAUPmeNS IN WASHINGTON, WASHINGTON, D. C., Oct. 8.—Arthur M. | Brown of 8an Francisco registered at the Riggs House to-day.” Among other hotel arrivals are H. 8. Wise of Los Angeles and Edgar Beard of Portiand, Or. - ANSWERS TO CORRESFPONDENTS. FatHER oF His CoustRY—Californis, City. No, Washington was not the only one who was called the “Father of His Country. This name was applied to Cicero, who broke up the Catiline War (B. C. 106-43); to Julius Cresar, efter he had quelled the Spanish insurrection (B. C.100-44); to_Augustus, pater atque prin- cipes (B. C. 63-31 to A. D. 14); Cosmos de Medicis (1389-1464); Andrea Dores, called so on his statue at Genoa (1468-1560), and to George Washington, defender and paternal counselor of the American States (1752-1799,) LArGEST Nucerers—Miner, City. Among the largest nuggets of gold of which there is any record are the following: “King of the Water Moon,” found in Australia, 1852, 223 pounds ounces; “Welcome,” found at Ballarat, Vic. ne, Australia 1854, 184 pounds 19 ouces; “Barkary,” found at Carson Hill, Cal, 1854, 180 pounds; “The Corona.” found in Tuolumne, €al., in 1850, 147)4 pounds; “The Farrish,” found in Sierra Buties, Cal,, 133 pounds. LONE MOUNTAIN CROSS—G., City. The cross on Lone Mountain was erected in April, 1888, its construction being paid for by the late Mrs. Theresa Fair. It wasbuilt to replace ono that fell some time before and had been erected in 1864, about two years after Celvary Cemeter: was opened, that event occurring on the 171! of August, 1862. VIOLIN—C. 0. §., City. Probably the lightest violin (full size concert, in good condition), is one in this City. It 18 a Jacob Stainer (1699), as it came from the maker, in'the best condition, andis the property of William Culien, prop” erty clerk of the Police Department of this City. It weighs 12} ounces. PARDONING TRAITORS—A. 8., City. The Presi- dent of the United States has the power to par- don a traitor, for the_constitution says: “He (the President) shall have the power to grant reprieves and pardons ‘for offenses against the Unit‘ed States, except in ceses of impeach- mentJ’ GARDEN OF FRANCE—W. 8, B., City. Amboise, in the department of Indre-et-Loire, s known as the Garden of France, e —— BRODIE AND STANLEY, | STEVE PROVES T0 BE MORE APPRECIATIVE THAN HANEK. Steve Brodie, a New York Bowery boy, grew rich and famous through the celebration of the metropolitan press of his jumping off the Brooklyn bridge. He recently partially paid a part of his debt to journalism by appearing at the annual benefit of the Minneapolis Press Club. Henry M. Stanley, the African explorer, member of Parliament, and at_one time corre- spondent of the New York Herald, arrived in .| New York recently. Mr. Stanley saw fit to be gruff with the members of the profession he once decorated, and added to the reporters’ Qislixe for him that has grown rapidly in re- cent years. One of the newspaper men asked Mr. Stanley if he remembered when he was a news-gatherer himself. He glariced at the questioner from head to foot, and then, turn- gng his back, walked away.—New York Fourth state., . THEY GOT THE COWS. Some time ago it was necessary to dispense with all the cows at the Good Templars' Home for Orphans. Since then the milk has been procured from one of the dealers, but the cost Was 8o great it was considered best to secure & new herd. How to accomplish the same with- out cost to the order, to obtain the material and means for replacing the barn which was recently destroyed by fire, and also to make an addition to the'laundry, was & subject of much: discussion. Judge Robert Thompson, father of the order in Californis, finaily solved the problem. He app to the public in the name of the orphans the home, for cows {gghmen in number), about two carloads of -lnmber, and money suflicient for the erection of buildings. The morning following the ap- al, which appeared in the San ncisco ALLhQ.\l passing down Montgomery street to his office, Wwas stopped three times and:told In each case that a cow was waiting for him.— Solano Republican. 5 PLAIN TALKS WITH FARMERS, A correspondent who wishes to learn, and don’t care to hear argnment on the necessity of learning, writes as follows: ‘‘Reading the poultry notes of THE CALL, I am desirous to go largely into poultry. I wonder if E. F. A. will eventually give s specific information relative to poultry raising?” I do not pretend to much knowledge or to any knowledge except as to a few mat- ters of which the poultry business is not one, but from & boy I have been aseociated with business affairs and business men, snd know how such persons investigate proposed business enterprises. They as- certain costs, markets and competition be- fore they start. Of course, they stud methods also, but the world is full of poul- try knowledge on that line, and I shall not undertake from my ignorance to add to it. But I will make a study of the business side of it to show what kind of knowledge I think the poultryman should have, in addition, of course,to the understandin, of the Froper care of his flock. This knowl- edge all experienced poultrymen have, but I wish simply to show an example of methods of study, and the poultry busi- ness will serve that purpose very well, and incidentalty I may give some facts of value to the inexperienced. As a preliminary I may say that all poultry men agree that no one should en- gage in the business who is not a lover of fowls. Those who are not willing to be continually poking about henroosts after lice, or who cannot smile sereuely when a Leghorn pullet in search of egg food sails cheerily over his highest barn and lights on his new-sown pea bed, should keep out of the business. Those who like myself cannot see a hen off her proper beat with- out an uncontrollable impulse to shy a rock 4t her should not even consider it. Like most farmers 1 keep some poultry— thorbughbreds, crosses or mongrels, as it happens; but usually thoroughbreds. For two or three years I kept their accounts carefully and found the annual cost of keep to oe §1 per laying hen, exclusive of green food and care, and the cost of eggs 121 cents per dozen, which shows that my output was less than the average. My location, however, is not good for the g8 business and feed was higher then tian now. With that knowledge and such common- senseras 1 can command I began my in- vestigation, For costs we must go to producers. I find there is no agreement as to cost. Most keep no books. ' Of those who do some keep them one” way and some another. A business man going into poultry would charge up to cost interest on his total investment and wear and tear of plant. Farmers are apt not to know the amount of . their investment, and I have found none who considered it. It is perhaps not essentiat.- Most poultry men £O into the business expecting by the in- vestment of from §2000 to $5000 to provide themselves with a home and means of liv- ing. SoIdrop interest and wear and tear as an element of .¢ost, I am also assum- ing that the location is favorable for the health of fowls, the preservation of eggs and convenience to market ‘and ‘that the industry is pursued as a principal business and not as an adjunct to other lines of farming. I find a general agreement among poul- ‘try men that profit has hitherto come in California from the production of eggs rather than live poultry, but also an opinion on the part.of some that perhaps this may be changed by a larger output of fall chicks to produce spring’ broilers. If eggs are the main object that involves the keeping of the non-setting breeds, raising the chicks exclusively by incubators, and considering the broilers and cockerels pro- | duced as a by-product and deducting their proceeds from cost of feed to show the net cost of keep of Iaying hens, I bave had cost of keep quoted to me by poultry men ail the way from 50 cents. per annum to 45 cents. Doubtless there is a difference in cost to individuals, but not so greata_dif- ference by any sane methods of handling or bookkeeping. Iam goingtoassume the necessary et Cost at 75 cents per year per laying hen and the annual product at ten dozen, which makes the eggs cost 714 cents per dozen actual cash paid out to those buying all their feed. Yields of twelve or thirteen dozen are claimed as possible and | would seem reasonable, but no one claims such yields to be usual in this State. The question of necessary cost is open to dis- cussion in the poultry column of THE CarLL, and I should be glad to hear from the experienced. I think where farmers fail most fre- quently is in comiplting costs. they omit items. I once for some years made up the costs in a large Eastern manufacturing es- tablishment. Our rule was to put in every item we could think of and add 25 per cent to the total. It is a good .rule. It has kept that establishment solvent through two great commercial crisés and it is rich to-day. Icommend the rule to farmers. To aicertain the market 1 consult the trade statistics, and have conversed with such dealers as 1 know. Until the past year or two we have had a home market— which is our best market—for all we could produce. Of late the product has in- creased, and at the height of the season we now produce more-than will sell readily at prices profitable to the pro- | ducer. The first two weeks of March in this year ranch eggs averaged 1134 cents in this market, probably paying producer, after deducting expenses, 11 cents. With a cost of 7}4 cents and a_yield of 10 dozen per hen per annum, this would show an annual profit of 35 cents per hen, or $350 per 1000 hens, to which is to be added thLe use of house and garden, which_the ranch man would presumably have. If there is no interest to pay, and especially if there is land to keep a cow and horse and the. family is not too large or luxurious, the thrifty man would pull through. If in debt, or with sickness, or with much feed to buy for cows and horses, he could not. Fortunately, as conditions have been hitherto it is only fora short time that eggs sell so low. The quotations of ranch eggs in THE WeEkLy CarL for the last week of each of the past six months have been as follows: Last week of February, 15 to 16 cents; March, 14 to 15 cents; April, 1234 to 14 cents; May, 13 to 15 cents; June, 15 to 17 cents; July, 16 to 19 cents; August, 20 to 25 cents; September, 2734 t0 32} cents, in each case subject to 5 per cent commission. - To-day the best select ranch eggs, such as my corre- spondent would doubtless have for sale, are worth 35 cents. The average price for the season which ranchmen with whom I have conversed tell me they expect is 20 cents, which would perhaps net 18 cents after paying commission end _freight. This, with the assumed cost of 75 cents, would give an annual proiit of a little over $L a hen, which is what I am_told is expected, and which, with thrift in other ways, will make a living for the producer. Farmers are apt to get wrong averages by simply averaging &)flcel, regardless of the number sold at each price. The cor- Tect way to get an average price is to divide the total net cash receipts clear of all charges for the year by the total num- ber of dozens shipped. As our egg season begins before that ot the most populous part of the East, whenever our market 1 rofit. They would compete there mostly th eggs held in cold storage, and for a month or two they have a fair fighting chance, it would seem, sufficient to prevent eggs in our flush time going very much below this year's rates. Few farmers proposing to go into the egg business are likely to understagd how closely eggs are graded in the markets. They will be likely to suppose that ‘‘eggs are eggs,’! anyhow.. The press quotations can never show all the gradations in price, and there are nearly always shipments that sell higher than the highest and lower than the lowest quotations. Itis soin all produce. - In gathering data for this article a dealer told me there was full 17 cents per dozen difference in-the obtainable price of ‘ranch eggs” in his stock that day. The best he had sold quick at 35 cents; other lots were hard to move at all at 18. The latter were ‘those ‘that some thrifty housewife, noting that ranch eggs sold highest in the market, had been carefully saving for two or three weeks till she got a case full to ship, They complied with the description of ranch eggs, for they came direct from the farm to the market, but the hot September weather of the in- terior had been too much for them. They might not have actually spoiled, but they had evaporated until the contents got loose in theshell and. the tripto the City had mixed their interiorsall up. Their best ust was for scrambled eggs in cheap res- taurants. And still the shipper wil be apt to denounce his commission merchant as a fraudulentrascal when he gets returns at 18 cents and sees ranch eggs quoted at %0 to 85 cents, as they are in this morning’s ALL. “Ranch eggs” are those put in cases on the farm and shipped direct to market. ‘““store eggs” are those collected by coun- try dealers and cased and shipped by them. In the spring, when all eggs are good, they are but a cent or two below ranch eggs. As the season advances there is more differ- ence. The California market demands white eggs, the Eastern market yellow. AROUND THE CORRIDORES. “Up our way it's not so much a question ovg Republicanism or Democracy as it is of silver, £aid Lon Hamilton yesterday, as he stopped to talk in the court of the Palace Hotel. “Sil- ver aside, the Republicans are in the majority, Dbut they are all for silver and most of the Dex- | prodiice. ocrats go with them on account of the whie metal. Senator Jones has been elected and re- elected by the Republicans, but his champion- ship of silver makes him all right with the i Ve wi ¢ y depo: eople on the chief issueof theState. We will | cansed by fh‘i a Lv‘é our election next month, and I 100k for a | forced the waters fro rivers and lands from the | law protecting the Hiers o operations of the | nllckensxrcluhing c miners. 2 1 h’:{’l{’igik carriiges and rode around on ‘the levees and near the riversto see the ir}{i‘r?‘f‘l_lfi | damage. already dome. The Yuba iAoy | ruined at this poiut, the imbedded slic! n‘ | filling it “sp that a’skiff' cannot ran 'wnt“;fl‘flr | few years-ago steamers cameé and carrie nd dying in the slickens;fizvlerreeg { lands, and in some instances | Teey Awgiing for 1ife with only a few of their | top branches above the devastating debris. otl 1" Orchards sta swept by the overflow ts in the rivers which the channels to take a er 1ands have bee: “Select” ranch eggs are all white, fresh, clean, of uniform size, and weighing about seven to the pound; “choice’” have the same qualities, but weigh abont eight to the pound. Any admixture of colored, dirty, small or stale eggs reduces them to second class and subjects them to rejection if sold for first. The purchaser cannot stop W go to the bottem of the case in examination. The producer must guaran- tee the quality. Nothing on earth except trouble and a bad name is gained by put- ting inferior eggs at the b#ttom of the cases, as 1 am told is done by some, who perhaps curse their commission man for dishonesty when they get small returns. ‘What happens is this: The customer takes home his eggs, finds out what they are, decides what he will pay, and notifies the commission man that he will pay so much orreturn the eggs. He promptly gets & new bill at the reduced price, and the commission man, not wishing to drive away a customer by writing him that he has, been caught cheating, says nothing about it. T am told by poultry- men, commission men and buyers that there is enough of this practice to justify this caution. The fact is—and we may as well concede it—we are none of us farmers smart enough to beat the city men by such methods. They are never practiced by ex- perienced poultrymen. Our competition is from eggs produced in the Mississippi Valley and the South. Active buyers begin collecting eggs about March at the extreme south, working north as the season advances, and closing in Minnesota about July. Thev buy eggs during about the first two months of the laying season. Of course, buying goes on through the year, but the later eggs do not keep so well, and are not so much sought. These eggs, often supplying current de- mand, go to cold storage in distributing centers, and are brought out as the supply increases and the market warrants. There are at present about 1,000,000 cases in | storage in the countrv to-day. A copy of the Waterloo Bgg Reporter before me shows the usnal prices paid producers in August of this year to be: In Tennessee 6 cents, in iowa 9 cents, Wisconsin 10 cents, Texas 6 cents, Arkansas 7 cents, Missouri 8 cents, Minnesota 8 cents. Nebraska 8 cents, Michigan 10 cents. Earlier in the season they were doubtiess lower, but I have not the data to determine how much. To these prices paid producers must, be added local merchants’ profit, freight’ to distributing center, and wholesale or com- mission merchants’ profits, on sales in car- load lots. Whenever eggs in this market become so high that Eastern eggs purchased at above prices can be profitably sold here after paying 4 cents a dozen freight, plus refrigerator-car seryice of probably 1 cent, shipments begin. This season theg began in June, when ranch eggs were 17 to 18 cente, in the face of which Eastern eggs sold at 16 to 1614, They are selling to-day at 17 to 21, with store eggs 18 to 27. East- ern eggs are preferred by the bakers’ trade because they are yellower and “stronger,” as they say—that is giving more of the appearance and results whicn should come from a liberal use of eggs than our own lighter-colored, wheat-fed product. They. are also largely naed by the poorer families. They will always prevent our own eggs from going aboye a certain point. We can only exclude them from this market by selling our own eggs so cheaply as to make the sales of Eastern eggs impossible. This is not what poultrymen will like, but we seem to be gradually doing it. In 1889 we imported. 122,000 cases of thirty dozen, which has been gradually reduced to an importation of 66,000 cases in 1894, The difficuity we have is that we com- pete with Eastern farmers, with whom eggs are mostly a by-product, costing them ‘nothing as they reckon it. Incrensing tbrift of our own farmers seems likely to bring more home competition of this kind and beeome vhe factor which -may -drive out Eastern eggs, which should be possi- ble with a protective freight tariff of five cents’ a dozen. ~But there will always be & market at fair prices for the best fresh | eggs. Those who learn _how to produce these at least expense will ‘do well. Those whose fowls become lousy or sickly or who are otherwise careless or wasteful will lose money. i L The above is a very imperfect study of the prospects.of the poultry business, but points out the things wbich my corre- spondent should study carefully before en- gaging in it. And this is all that is appro- priate in these talks. Epwarp F. Apams. SOUND REASONING. AN IMPORTANT DECISION IN A RECENT TEXAS LiBEL CASE. Judge Sinks of Texas rendered an important decision last week in favor of the Houston Post in the suit for libel brought against it by C. G. Dement. The Post had published an item stating that Dement had been arrested cherged with horse- stealing. On his release it had printed the factand & statement of how the mistaken ar- rest bad occurred. Dement. however, sued for $5000 damages. .Judge Sinks’ decision was &s follows: “‘The conclusions of law are: When there is.| no malice, proof of the truth of the matter pub- lished is & wm{nefi defense to a euit for nbel for the puplishing of such matter. “I conglude that the ?nbhut.lun is literally ‘true and that the arrest and imprisonment of the plaintiff being illegal and unjust does not affect the fact that he was jailed charged with horse-theit. The publication being true, the aintiff has no ‘cause for action against de- lendaut and judgment wili therefore be ren- dered for the defendant.”’ It is further n.mdbr the eourt that “though the party may be illegally arreated charged ‘with a cri; i1l aslong as & paper only states reaches as low a point as it did last March (and it is the opinion of such of the trade 8s I have talked with that it will tend annually to fo lower) this market can usually be relieved by shipments to the East. There were some so shipped last year, and some of those who had made shipments tell me they expect them to increase. The freight East amounts at the present rate of $2 10 per 100 to 4 cents a %g')_x:;l in c):rlo;d‘l?éa of 2&0‘3’.90“‘1' ith eggs here af cen! ! sell hgfi:Em-fi uo)inuwnflor%l r the fact of the arrest and the accusation made againet him; not charging him with Elufll. it cannot be held liable on account of the. iile- gality of the ofiicer in making the arrest, and such publication is not false, but, on the con- , true. ‘‘The plaintiff was accused of a crime and jailed on accusation. The defendant, without Toalice, gll:blhhed it. In this it did not lay itsel liable to piaintiff because he was inno. cent ‘t’e’d the seg:ution :‘3:4 had been mfim arTes an pflhfl .T’hfll}m"o(fl him the wrong is the only one of whom the El:‘:nw‘u_fl .can complain."—New York Fourth LON HAMILTON. [Sketched from life by Nankivell.] Republican victory by a bandsome majority. They have a good majority in the Legislature now, and they will have as bjg = one after next election. “Two years from now there will be a big sil- | ver vote from Nevada, for it is the only live question up there. Years ago we could sell all the silver that came out of our mines ata good premium, and %0 could every one up there, but they have ruined the price by legisiation. That's all it was; merely legislation. If they repeal the laws sgainst silver, it will come up again as high as it ever was.” Mr. Hamilton has been away from his home in Virginia City for some months in search of health. He went first to Santa Monica, then Eest, and now finds San Francisco the best spot of all. He is a brother-in-law to Benator Jones, and is his confidential adviser. LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE. COMMON-SENSE CAR-FENDERS. CONDITIONS WHICH Must BE MET, OR FAILURE Is INEVITABLE. To the Editor of the San Francisco Call—SIR: “How Not to Do It” would seem to be the policy of the streetcar companies in the ap- parent effort to secure an effective car-fender. To make it appear to be impossible to find one which would meet the required conditious, and to weary the public by delays and oc- casional trials of absurd devices, might lead the public to the conclusion that nothing can be done, and that they must submit to let the subject drop or be content with the “double- scoop” from Baltimore, which is said to be Mr. Vining’s preference, and which I am informed is used in Baitimore as a makeshitt, or a sort of an excuse to lgpelle the public, and this msy prove to be the purpose in view in intro- ducing it in San Francisco. A common-sense car-fender will meet the fol- lowing conditions: It will be wide enough to cover the entire front of the car, including the projecting steps on each side of the car, as nearly ali the accidents prove that the person struck is seldom run down in the center of the track, but is nearly always near one side of 1t and not quite quick enough to escape. In such case the car-steps are apt to prove fatal. In the next place the fender must be far enough in front of the car to prevent the per- son from being knocked down by the car and thrown with great violence upon the track, causing & fractured skull or concussion of the brain. If the victim should happen to fall jn- side of the rails the Baltimore scoop would pick \l‘p the remains for burial in fairly good condition. Ax a third requisite the apron must be wide and high enough to receive and hold the form thrown into it and not permit the head to strike the carin falling toward it, for nine out of ten, as the records show, are in a standing position when run down by the car. A fourth requirement is that the part of the fender which strikes the legs of the pereon must have instantaneous refiex action and re- coil sufiiciently to reduce the force of the blow struck, so 8s not to break the bones, and it should also be sheathed in soft rubber 1o avoid bruising the flesh. A fifth condition is that it shall run very near the ground—say within two inches or less—so that & prosirate form will be simply rolled over into the apron and not be pushea along on the ground or under the fender. This will require that the tracksand -dltomiug two feet of the street on either side shall be putin such order as they now are on Market and Kearny streets, where an effective and reliable fender could be used at once. A sixth condition is that the whole frame- work and mechaniam of the fender must be in. dependent of and aetached from the car body, ‘which oscillates or bobs up and down and is depressed when heavily loaded so that no rigid device conld be kept in place, but would be pounded off if near enough the track 1o be of real service on the first trip of the car. It must, therefore, run on its own wheels and be ‘propelled by the truck of the car. Such a bare outline is a COmMmon -sense fender and in the end it must be adopted if human life and limbs are to be successf | y pro- tected from ths trolley an".mnut. I may add that such a fender " has been tried by the authorities and was not weosufl because cer- tain portions of the streets an only very small mrnmn at that would have to be put in order. ch a fender, too, could not depend for its success upon the attention or ity of the motorman.. . JOENSON. OSEPH 11 Easex street, October 8, 1895, TREES UNDER SLICKENS. THE SACRAMENTO VALLEY PRESS LEAGUE'S RE- CENT MEETING, - To the Editor of the San Franeisco Call—Sir: The Press League of the Sacramento Valley, which has just met at Marysville, is composed chiefly of the editors belonging to the smail towns I:on‘?: “‘i::,i counties. There were many p: ent Zens also prese: object of the league is not to lPtny hl;‘&nfiaz mu_un: b'nt 1o qomppl _mo enforcement of the | new route to the sea and wide. Those | reared higher and hi, rivers have been filled,but to little or no pur- pose. The people from the headwaters of these Tivers to the bay are asking relief, asking that the natural water channels be opened, that hydraulic stickens be impounded, asking pro- tection for home and property. October 8, 1895. S.M. GREEN. devastation is far The st levees have been ly The Best Sunday Paper. Cottage Grove Echo-Leader. 1f you want the best daily newspaper in San Francisco you must have the San Francisco , It stands at the front in everything. nday CALL isa marvel of excellence in combination of news and literature—having no competitor. OLp-fashioned molasses taffy. Townsend’s, * Bacox Printing Company, 508 Clay street.* —————— RoBERTS, card headquarters, 220 Sutter, * ——————— Tramp—Yes'm, it’s hard to break away from all yer bad habits at once; but I've given up some of "em Lady—Which one bave you given up? Tramp—Well, mum, I don’t get shaved on Sunday any more.—Brooklyn Life. Hoop's Sarsaparilla has permanently cured many thousands of cases of scrofula, rheumatism, nervousness and cther troubles because it purifies and vitalizes the impoverished Blood. S e T “Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrap” Has been used over fifty years by millions of moths ers for their children while Teething with perfecs success. Iisoothes the child, softens the goma, al- lays Pain, cures Wind Colic, regulates the Bowels and is the best remedy for Diarrhcsas, whether arising from teething or other causes. For sale by Druggists in every part of the world. Be sure and ask for Mrs. Winsiow’s Soothing Syrap. 250 & botile. e g S D On account of the election of H. M, Stanley to the British Parliament the eon- tract binding him until 1900 to the servicc of the King of Belzium has been abrogated. —————— e ook at This! Writing Paper 5e to 25¢ per quire Wiritine Baia et e Papeteries 10c to 75¢ per box, Play- ing Cards 10c to 75¢ per pack, Lead Pencils 10c to_75¢ per dozen, Blank Books 15¢ to §1 per 100 pages, En- velopes $1 to $2 50 per 1080. Tissue Paper 5c to 30c per roll, Tooth Brushes 5c to 40c each, Combs 10c to 60c each, Clothes Brushes Z5c to §2 50 each, Hair Brushes. 25c to $4 25 each, Hat Brushes 40¢ to §1 each, Cabinet Frames 10c to $5 each, Hand Glasses 250 to $5 each, Ladies’ Purses 25¢ to $15 each, Gentlemen's Purses 5¢ to $2 each, Banquet Lamps $1 75 to $24 each, Piano Lamps and Onyx Tables from $4 50 to $20 each, Glass Panel Pictures 15¢ to $1 each, Stanly Fountain Pens §1each, Crown Fountain Pens $2 to $5 each. The best House Paint 25¢ per can, Wood Stains and Varnish 20¢ per can, Best Floor Paint 50c per can, Bath Enamel 75¢ per can, Bicycle Enamel, any color, 25c per can. LEATHER GOODS Our new Teather Goods® for fall trade have just arrived. They in- clude Ladies’ Purses in giraffe, seal, grained calf, etc., in all the fashionable colors, either plain or silver mounted. Cardcases, Bill- books, Visiting Lists, Picture Frames, Lap Tabletsand Traveling Cases. In addition to the Sterling Silver Novelties which came in during August we have just re- ceived hundreds: of Quadruaple- plated Silver Noveities for desk and table ornaments which every one will be pleased to see if not wish- ing to buy. All welcome, SANBORN, VAIL & GO, 741, 743, 745 Market St,