Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, August 9, 1916, Page 6

3y woos HiTcuiNsoN w.b. One mystery after another con- fronts us when we attempt to solve the riddle of the plague. A most serious obstacle to the early investi- gators, in line with the great diffi- _culty which they found the discase had in spreading from.one human pa- tient to another, was that it was ab- solutely impossible to infect any or- dinary experimental animal with the disease. For décades this ' obstacle held us fast, until it occurred to one of the bacteriologists that it was just possible the. discase could be com- municated to the animal nearly allied to man, the monkey, This guess “proved a fortunate one, and within a year or so of the time that monkeys that the disease could be conveyed from the spinal cord of babies who «had died of it to monkeys, producing the characteristics paralysis in them, and from these monkeys it could be transmitted to other monkeys, So clear and positive were these re- sults that Flexher, for instance, at the Rockefeller institute, succeeded in carrying the virus of the disease through twenty-five successive gen- erations, Incidentally, it may be re- marked that the utilization of our nearest animal relative, the monkey, for experimental purposes, has proved one of the greatest boons ever grant- ed to bacteriologia science, Through them 'and throngh them alone has been proven, within a short decade, the germ cause and method of trans- mission of three. such ‘widespread meningitis, syphilis and sleeping sick- ness. But, unfortunately, from a practi- cal point of view, monkeys are only one shade better than no animal at all, because they are extremely ex- ensive, very difficult to keep healthy in captivity, subject not merely to in- fantile paralysis, but to almost every other disease known to humanity and liable to die with the most heart- breaking suddenness and frequency of acute rneumonin or even of bron- chitis, following a common cold, right in the middle of a most important and e e S HOTELS AND RESORTS. At The Junction . On'Main and Delaware atNinth Kansas City, Mo. Bayzfi‘el’d Inn - Bayfield, Wisconsin et ey o, FAR AL lakes. Write. for FOR GIRLS from § to 15, " ’l-lly'll- e P o8 fireproot Principal and Founder. were tried it was clearly proven, first, ! and terrible diseases as cerebrospinal | — | When a drop of the virus of infantile - Health Hints -« Fashion " Riddle of Infantile Paralysis vital experiment. When brought to the cold and shivery north from the hot and 'steamy atmosphere of their native tropics, even when given steam heat and every other comfort their average lifetime in captivity is only about a year or a year and a half, And as they must be used in hundreds to solve the problem of so serious and | difficult a disease as infantile par- alysis, the path of research is still | full of difficulties. 1 | Finally and mest baffling of all, | although the disease could ‘e* trans- | | mitted with absolute certainty by | taking scrapings from the surface of the spinal cord of one monkey and rubbing them thoroughly into' the mucos membrane of the pbse of an- other, lhough the spread of the infec- | tion could be traced, not through the | general circulation, but ‘along and | through some curious small veins and | lymphatics which pass from the roof |of the nose right up through a | spong: place in the base of the skull | directly to the under-surface of the brain and from that backward and donwward to the spinal cord, or the | lymph in the infected veins and lym- phatics of the roof of the nose, were exammed under the most powerful of microscipes, with the advantages of every known device of contrast-stain- ing and tinting, nothing even re- sembling a germ could be discovered, Not only so, but when this virus, a mere drop or two of which would certainly produce paralysis and death when injected into a monkey's nose, was put into the very finest and least permeable of porcelain filters, whose pores could only be measured in ten- thousandths of an inch, it would pass through absolutely unchanged and be just as virulent after filtering as before. With only two ' exceptions, cver{ other known discase germ would have been filtered out of the solution by passing through such a chamberland filter, The only approach that could be made toward seeing the germs of infantile paralysis was by the method known as trans-illumination or cross- lighting of the microscopic stage by means of very powerful rays of light thrown by a prism ,which will enable one to see, not the germs themselves, but their greatly enlarged shadows. paralysis was examined in this way a number of bright points of light and vague rings could be seen, which were oresumbaly the shadows of the ‘ausal germ, but these were so vague «nd shifting that no distinctive or cc‘ogmuble outline could be made nt, Horsemeat Shops in Paris In Paris the bronzed 'horse’s head denotes the location of “boucheries hippophagiques,” or horse-meat shops. Since the early seventies of the last centuty hipp grown so in popularity now no considerable town in France that has not one or more shope for the sale_of horscflesh, e HOTELS AND RESORTS. Bt e | (———s—=x—= SUMMER GARDEN Cool and Refreshing Place to Dine i Write jor Resersation To-day FRED STERRY Managing Director ROOMS WITH BATH $3.30 UP SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. | KEARNEY, NEBRASKA. 5 thorough res of land. P +, College ! College preparatory ; manual training: me: husbandry. THE KEARNEY MILITARY ACADEMY 8 consistent with efficlent work. Charges: §350.00. miles from Ku?!y. i the Platte Valley. our Separate lower school building. duates with business eyperience. Football, ‘baseball, basketball, calisthenics. | CATALOGUE: Address Harry Roberts Drummond, Headmaster, 1¥PICIINCV 18 m/! TEST OF EDUCATION.” TWENTY-FIFTH YEAR. mental, moral and physical training at the For boys from buildings. Gymnasium, swimming || | commercial law and business methods ; chanieal drawing; sgriculture and animal track, tennis, swimming, WEBSTER GROVES, 8T. LOUIS, MO, 4 "8."‘% e mowt LIRSk of B Likl: Buiing Sovaivnty ua) n-iu“ ? with the best _fl,.‘.":fil The lateet ‘schont dormttories. Loenlonhctn ular ao\-nu offered a; re those of Muslo, Art, Oral lon n;l thy in Plano, ory of offers courses + Coun int, :llm MO/ Bt 2 s tlonal sdvantages for a thoroush, reti the Expression, the Course, 4 The Con Violin, Hi Pl , Volee, NGHIC MU orhos ARG Anaivis to‘of Kene et Beptember 13th, 1916, ’ndunln l‘l'llld health- e Commercial ARE if your heart falls into her hands! She is the faery-wom- an who never grows up. The childlikeness in her eyes that fascinates you'is only another proof of her cruelty; for children are barbarous and the chief light in their eyes is curiosity. Remembering all you have given, accepting your offering in her small soft fingers, she will forget all gratitude in contemplating the curious spectacle of your heart thrust through with an arrow and crying in THE BEE: OMAHA, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 9 1916 By Nell Brinkley Copyright, 1916, International News Service. B e e — * ® — e Gt ruby drops! She will hold it tight and her eyes will glow and bright- en. Another toy! Yesterday, when she was a little girl, she watched a dragon-fly skip over the water on his long legs, and studied the white, woolly rabbit that squeaked when she hugged him. Today she, turns your heart over and over and smiles in delight. and the shine in her eyes is the very same as over the woolly rabbit. "Ware the wom- an who never grows up. “La Belle Dame Sans Merci.” NELL BRINKLEY. | e ty pepper and salt; place in pan and put on top very thin slices of one-half lemon; sprinkle with paprika, then cover with three tablespoonfuls cat- sup, one teaspoon Worcestershire sauce and a good lump of elted fat. Bake fifteen minutes in a hot oven. About five minutes before serving, add three onions, parboiled and drained, to the steak. Potato Ribbons. Four large potatoes, frying fat, salt and gcpper. Peel the potatoes, and cut them in fifie shavings round and round the potato, as if peeling them in ribbons of equal length. Throw the shavings into a frying pan with boiling fat, and fry a golden brown. Move them constantly with a silver fork to keep the pieces separate. Drain them and pile lightly on a dish, sprinkle with pepper and salt and serve hot. Cauliflower a la Varenne! Trim a cauliflower and place it in salt and water for one hour; then put it in a saucepan, of «old water with a pinch of salt, bring it to a boil, rinse the cauliflower and put it again in boiling water seasoned with salt to boil until tender, Cut it in pieces, place it in the center of a hot dish, pour parsley sauce over and gar- nish with braised carrots or a mace- doine of vegetables, placing the cut- up stalks of the cauliflower in the enter. When Vegetal?léé Are Plen With the market full of vegetables at fairly moderate prices it is a com- | artively easy thing to cater for a amily at this time of the year. Vegetables are' more popular than heavy meats’ when the weather is warm and several different kinds of vegetables should appear upon the menu, Jellled Tomato Boulllon. Baked Steak, Queen Peas. Potato Ribbons. Cauliflower u la_Varenne. White Cabbage Salad. Cheese, Crackers. Chocolate Mold, Clam Bisque. Two cupfuls of white stock from veal or chicken, onc teaspoonful chopped parsley, one blade of mace, two cupfuls of chopped clams, one cupful of cream, salt and pepper to taste (cayenne pepper), two table- spoonfuls butter, two tablespoonfuls flour, Cook clams in the white stock, strain' reserve liquor and chopped clams, press through a sieve, add but- ter and flour, cook together season- ings and cream for five minutes, add volk of egg well beaten and serve, Baked Steak. Select a thick steak. Rub well with DIAMONDS WATCHES A small sum week- ly or monthly makes Boiled Green Peas. Shell the peas just before they are required; put them' into a saucepan with just enough boiling water to cover them, a sprig of mint, a little salt, and one teaspoenful sugar; boil them till tender (about fifteen to twenty minutes), with the lid off the saucepan; when done, drain, add a little pepper and a small piece of clarified dripping, and serve at once. White Cabbage Salad. One fir: vinegar, stlt and pepper. Remove the outer leaves of the cabbage, wash it thoroughly and shred it finely with a sharp knife. "Mix with it a proper proportion of' oil, vinegar, salt and pepper, turn it over a few times till hard white cabbage, oil, well mixed and serve. Red cabbage|sugar, one teaspoonful vanilla. Soak salad is made in the same way. the isinglass in the milk or mill:‘I ar}l\d cream., Grate the chocolate, add the Chocolate Cream Mold. sugar and isinglass and milk; put it One-half ounce isinglass, one and a | over the fire and let it boil up” once, half pints milk or three-quartérs of | stirring all the time to prevent the a pint of milk and three-quarters of | chocolate setting. Strain it intp a a pint of cream, three ounces French | basin, add the vanilla, and pour into chocolate, one-quarter pound lump |a wetted mold when nearly cold. i s -- Woman's Work -:- Household Topics Fishes Surely Can Hear, Maybe Talk BY GARRETT P. SERVISS. “The phrase ‘sllent as a clam’ has mads me wonder why it s that fish are almos the only animals incapable of making voci sounds. What is the reason? In the anat omical construction of fishes is any pro vision made for vocal org It not, car you tell me why fishes e in all the animal world have no such organs?— W. M. W. Putting avide the fact that a clan is not a fish, it may be broadly stated that fishes have no recognized vocal organs. Nevertheless they have or- gans of hearing, though without ex- ternal ears. Some fishes surely, and all possibly, can make sounds, but there is no evidence that they rege- larly employ these sounds as “voices. Still, Dr. David Starr Jordan, who probably knows as much about fish las any man living, remarks that “these sounds may possibly be useful i to the species, but they are not™well differentiated, nor have they been so investigated as. to be well under- stood.” Dr. Jordan thinks that the “grat- Ling” sounds made by some fishes arise from the pharyngeal bones: be—' hind the gills, while the “slng:r}gf sounds uttered by other fishes origi- inate in the air-bladder. - There is a peculiar “singing fish” known on the’ California coast as “the midshipman,” which may be a joking name origi- nating among sailors. If we could only live in the water for a while we might come out with some surprising information about the “voices,” and the hearing powers, as well as the intelligence, of fishes. But, in fact, the water world is al- most unknown to us, except through a few narrow ways of inference, and this in spite of the fact that, if we trace our ancestral lines far back in selves must have sprung from the ocean. s There are certain nervous terrors which we inherit that may also, pos- sibly, be traced back to the times ' when our aquatic forebears sought refuge from arrowy enemies in the tremulous shadows of sea-caverns. Although ichthyologists say littl: about the subject, there are some very suggestive facts which seem to indi- cate that fishes were not provided with hearing solely to enable them to escape from their foes, such foes, for instance, as cunning piscators, like old Izaak Walton, stealing silently along the banks of a trout stream and dropping appetizing baits into the water, with only the sounds ghat a buzzing fly might make. I risk no |cienti¥ic reputation in quoting an in- teresting story told by Dr. C. C. Ab- bott as an indication that fishes may even have a language. i Dr. Abbott was floating in his boat over a quiet spot in Poaetquissing creek, in New Jersey, where bottom springs pour up cool fresh water in abundance, and this was_what he saw: § “There, for a space of some five yards square, there was nothing in™ the water save fishes; but all about them was a dense wall of water-mill- foil and other aquatic plants. The fish were accustomed to the boat and moved to and fro leisurely, from side to side on the weedless space, or were stationary. Suddenly a large roach dashed into the midst of them, and idstantly every fish was still as a stone. The roach hesitated for a moment and was gone, and with it vanished every fish in that open space. The others, somehow, learned of danger from thig roach, and, as_it proved, none too sodn, for no sooner ha({ the many small fishes disap- peared than a dozen large white perch made roamed about the clear space above the spring, evidently in surprise or disappointment. As plainly as a man ‘fire'’ or ‘murder, that roach in- formed the fishes that were gathered in the clear waters below me that they must seek safety by flight.” Now, in connection with this story I 9 | Fillets of Flounders By CONSTANCE CLARKE. minutes, occasionally basting over the paper with the liquor the pan in which they are cooking. When ready dish them on a bed o green boiled without breaking, with a little butter and ?inely chopped raw parsley. Serve with the sauce, Sauce for Fillets—Chop up dish. It is free of all bone and skin, and the flesh is delicate and fine. The Sole is a popular dish with the Eng- flounder lends itself to every method of cooking that is given for sole. Fil- lish, and the French also esteem it flounder, when fil- lets of flounders with green peas is highly. fillets. / move the skin and any bones (if a with a thick wet khife season the out- in a stewpan with a sliced onion, a bunch of herbs, a pinch of salt and six or eight ' peppercorns; cover with to the boil and skim, then s the sid mer on he . Amer f leted, is a delicious and inexpensive an appetizing way of preparing the Take the fillets from the fish, re- large one is used, cut each fillet into four pieces), place them on a wetted bolr(PI and pat them out smoothly side of each fillet with a little salt and white pepper, sprinkle lightly with lemon juice, roll up the fillets, place a large tomatoes, a dust of pepper an skewer or a wooden toothpitk through them to keep them together, and place in a buttered saute pan. Sprinkle them with lemon juice, place a but- tered paper over and put them to cook in a moderate oven for abeut fifteen and serve while hot. Picnic -Luncheon,) peas that have been plainly then mixed the bones from the fish and place them about two cups of cold water, bring of the stove for about twenty minutes; strain off the liquor and mix about two cups of it into four table- spoonfuls of butter, three tablespoon- fuls of flour, the pulp of three nv:i the juice of a lemon, and stir over the fire until the mixture boils, then strain obéerver needs no bush—take the following fact, established by scien- titic authority: In many fishes the swim bladder has intimate relations with the hearing organ. In the sim- plest condition these relations con- sist in the prolongation forward of the swim bladder as a blindly ending tube on either side, the blind end coming into direct contact ing organ) itself, or with the fluid surrounding it through a.ggp in the rigid periotic capsule. A wave of compression, causing a slight inward movement of the swim bladder wall will bring about a part of the wall which is in relation with the interior 3f the auditory cap- sule. In this way the perception of delicate sounds may be rendered much more perfect. So, after all, although they have no external ears, fishes seem to pos- sess an auditory apparently exceed- ing well fitted to give them informa- tion through sounds. The medium in jand conveys sound between four and {five times more rapidly than the air i does. Every fisherman knows' how softly he must tread when approaching the Iurking places of trout. Who knows making sounds, inaudible or unao- ticeable to us, which serve to cou- them | vey, information as comprehensiblc from | in its way as the cries of birds, the barking of dogs or the whinneying of horses? The roach that Dr. Abbott sa did something during that dramatic instant ‘of motionlessness which viv- idly conveyed to his little friends a warning which all understood simul- taneously; why should it not have been a “voice” that he uttered? All language is not spoken with tongues or spoiled with grammar, o To Roast a Small Joint In order to economize gas, roast a small joi instead of lighting the oven to do it. Well grease a saucepan or casserole, no risk of burning), put it over a gas jet turned very low, and let it cook. Turn and baste the meat often, (Tomorrow—Stuffed Eggs for a|and it gets beautifully brown and ten- * der, geological time, we find that we our- . s their appearance and - might startle a crowd by a cry of * and Dr. Abbott's fame as a careful '~ either , with the/wall of the octocist (hear- . greatly magnified movement of that ! which they live is dense and elastic, § but that fishes have some means of nt of meat over a gas ring . put the meat into it (with plenty of: atn drippings so that there sylullh‘j_ Al aa o )