Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, August 3, 1916, Page 19

After a man buys a tractor or an I engine of any kind he must answer ! for himself the question, “What oil i ghall T use in it?" But the question, “What shall I burn?" must be decided to a large extent before the engine is purchased, Last summer the discussion as to | what fuel the tractor and farm en- gine should use and what was to be the future tractor engine Tuel was almost dormant. With gasoline sell- ing for as low as 10 cents a gallon and many parts of the middle west and with the price of kerosene at 7 or 8 cents, the difference in the cost ' of the two fuels was so slight that n:‘y a few companies who already had kerosene tractors on the market were using kerosene for fuel Gasoline has doubled in price in six months, so conditions have changed and the old question has again as- sumed considerable importance. Dur- ,ing one week in April the writer read newspaper stories of two men who had invented new fuels. One is a petroleum product, which would cost 6 cents per gallon or less, and the other is a chemical of which four ounces added to five gallons of water will, according to the inventor, make a satisfactory fuel at a cost of 11 cents per gallon. These fuels have not been thoroughly tried out and proven practical or successful. Until they are, people will continue to use the fuel they have on hand. Meanwhile engine manufacturers and e?erhnenulists are working hard to perfect their engines to use cheaper fuels or use their present fuels more emomiull{. The fuels which up to the present have proven the most suc- cessful have been gasoline, kerosene, lbeuzme or benzol and alcohol. Bat, due to their cost, the ladt two are not being commonly used in this country. Gasoline is, and will be for some {time at least, the prevalent fuel for ; high- lj:eed. multi-cylinder engines, al- though several tractors are now using kerosene, with from very good to in- different success, The term gasoline in itself means practically nothing. | It is the name given to tge product . of petroleum which is distilled off be- | tween certain temperatures in the re- duction proceas. Since the gas en- e, the automobile and the tractor ave increased the demand for gaso- line so much, this range of tempera- tures has been greatly enlarged in order to Ft a larger supply of it. As a result a much heavier and less volatile liquid is now called gasoline | of and gasoline was a drug on the | market. | No two supplies of gasotine will be | of exactly the same composition, be- | eause there is a great variety in the | quality of the crude oils from ‘which | they are made and the quantity of gasoline that can be obtained ?rom them. No two crude oils will be the same. Oftentimes the oil from two wells in the same oil field will be | very different in their gasoline con- {tent. The average yicld of gasoline from American petroleum, however, lis now a little below 12 per cent. | Scientists and oil manufacturers arec working on schemes to increasc this ield,. By the Rittman process it is K:ped to increase: this yield of gaso- {line in some cases as much as four lor five times. When the internal combustion en- | than when the gas engine was unheard | ;gine was first thought of, gunpowder | was tried as the fuel, but it proved [to be unsuccessful and expensive. | Gasoline was next tried, because 1| was inexpensive, could be handled | easily and when vaporized and mixed [ with air it formed a very explosive | | mixture, The success which was at | tained is self-evident when one con- | | siders how many engines are now in use. Gasoline vaporizes quite readily, especially if it is atomized, or broken into a fine spray, as is done in all present-day carburetors, Kerosene, which is the next most | used motor fuel, consists of the parts |of the crude petroleum which will distill off at slightly higher tempera tures than the gasoline. It is a con- siderably heavier liquid than gaso- | line and is not as volatile, It is a | cheaper fuel than gasoline because it | represents a much larger part of the crude oil, in most cases over 50 per cent, and because its satisfactory use as an engine fuel involved greater | difficulties for the engine designers than did the use of gasoline, | A keros¢ne engine must have some | device Yor heating the charge before |it enters the engine cylinder; other- {wise the fuel would not be vapor- lized and would not burn. This is | done by one of thres ways or by a | combination of these ways. On some engines the intake pipe is arranged to draw its air from a jacket about the exhaust manifold. The air is heated enough by its contact with the exhaust pipe to cause it to vaporize the oil readily. On other engines the bowl of the carburetor is surrounded by a water jacket through which the engine-cooling water circulates, keep- ing the kerosene in the carburetor | hot. ‘The third type of engine ha | the inlet pipe or mixing chamber be- tween the carburetor and the engine | jacketed and heated with the cooling water so it warms the mixture ol kerosene spray and air on its way from the carburetor to the cylinder. In some engines two of these pre- | heating schemnes are used, ey A kerosene engine must either have a lower compression pressure i than a gasoline engine or else must have an arrangement wherehy a small amount of water can be ad- mitted to the cylinder with the kero- sene. The trouble with kerosene is that it contains more heat units per gallon than do the lighter oils and it will pre-ignite at lower pressures, | which will cause the engines to | pound and work hard. 1f water is admtited its cools off | the gases and prevents the trouble| | from pre-ignition even at gasaline engine pressures. There is considera- | ble dif(grence of opinion as to just | what the action of the water is }Some engineers and designers main- | ‘ tain that the only effect of the water | is to cool the gases sufficiently to allow higher compression pressures and consequently bencr.combustlo;u and more power are obtained, chcr:; maintain (gat the water is chemically | broken up during the explosion an actually helps with the combustion. | So far as we know, there have been | o experiments which would definitely indicate which of these assumptions | is correct. It is hard ‘to tell what will be the fuel in the far-distant future. Alarm- ists tell us that the supply of petro- leum ,is limited and we must find 2 O “Step by step during the past thir- ti years electricity has come to be the standard in illumination,” says |C. E. Wagner, state agent for Delco ifll‘m lighting equipment. “A little over thirty years ago electricity was adopted as & means of lighting streets and stores. Later it was ap- plied to the home, the theater, the church and finally to railway coaches and steamships, and now comes its use in suburban and rural districts to supersede the kerosene lamp and other means of lighting. “Much experimental work has been done during the last ten years with a view to the perfection of a small power plant that would pro- vide the numerous electrical conveni- jences to farm and suburban homes which are removed from power or transmission lines. After five years Ithe Domestic Engineering company of Dlgton. 0., has perfected the Del- |co light, a power plant which is dem- |onstrating itself to be very satis- factory. | “The Delco light consists of a sin- g!e cylinder air-cooled gasoline en- gine for power. The electric genera- Delco Light for Farm Homes tor is direct connected. With this generating plant is a specially de- signed storage battery which per- mits the burning of the lights and the running of 'a motor from the bat- generating plant. of gasoline an power the motor reverts to a gener- ator and current is supplied for re- charging the battery. When the bat- tery is filled the engine automatical- ly stops and in the morning it is only necessary to press a button without attention to how long the engine should run, as that is taken care of automatically. The plant will run and provides light and power for the average home %or from 5 to 7 cents per day, according to the price of gasolne.” Indisputable evidence of great results to Bes Want Ad users: 25,748 more pald same period 1916. No other Omaha paper can boast of anything rear such figures. The Scientific lmn of one tractor the drive e device. our articles was in error ** portunity of correcting the created by it." separator, fully equipped. Write for three months' free subscription to Monthly Tractor Bulletin— full of interesting tractor news and val BULL TRACTOR COMPANY 2674 University Ave. 8. E., NEBRASKA BULL TRACTOR CO., 1009 Jones St, Omaha. The BIG BULL Tractor Does Subsoil in their issue of May 13th, 1916: “In our issue of April 3rd, 1015, we published an article on the small tractor, in which the following statement appears: y creates a hard pan similar to the share hard horses’s feet and the plow share.’ It Tractor Company of Minneapolis, Minn., was at that time the only company manufacturing a tractor of this design, and that it em- phasized this exclusive feature. “They offer overwhelming evidence that the bull wheel rumning i the furrow does not pack the the wheel, being equipped with to 6 inches in length, acts as a subsoiler—in fact, man; these tractors state that they have dispensed with the “After reading the evidence, we are convinced that the author of ~ See “The Bull With a Pull” work at the Official Tractor Demonstration at Fremont, Neb., Aug. 7-11 Nothing could be of more importance to the farmer than a method where- by he can increase his crop without cost to him. Bull Tractor owners tell us the Big Bull Tractor increases their crop yield from 10% to 33 1-3%. Better Do Your Fall Plowing With a ““Big Bull’’ ~—also your belt work—run anything from a feed grinder to a 24 or 26-inch e American says ‘In the de- wheel runs in the furrow and undoubt- pan formed by one ow appears that the Bull round, but quite the contrary, as Tong spade lugs from 3% inches owners of {r subsoiling + and we are pleased to take this op- false impression that may have been uable information. Minneapolis, Minn. Distributors for Nebraska. tery, which is later recharged by the = “To start the generating plant it [= is only necessary to press a button |2 and as the engine picks up a charge | & is running on its own | =8 five hours on a gallon of gasoline |8 Want Ads first six months of 1916 over | = THE BEE: OMAHA, THURSDAY, substitute tor it. There is a limit to| it, no doubt, but the chances are that AUGUST 3, 1916. W e VIEW OF CROWD WATCHING THE DEMONSTRATION. none of us will see that linit reached. | crm—————————— e e As long as new oil fields are bein discovered right along,a supply of of will be obtainable. The fuel question which should re- | s % i ceive attention * from_ever engine | an underground tank or a good steel owner is the method of buying, Con-| barrel and has it filled occasionally siderable money can be saved in the | from a tank wagon at tank wagon course of a year if a person installs' prices. Of Course TURNER Painted All the ..9IGNS... For the Tractor Show Have Him Paint Your Next Sign TURNER The Sign Man Fremont, Nebraska i M stk L4 Electricity--The Universal Ligh A RO Starts order or require expert attention, Delco-Light is a complete power plant--compact--safe--economical by merely pressing a button. Nothing to get out of S t OP S automatically when batteries are full. Runs five hours on one gallon of gasoline. FumiShes forty to fifty lights for house and barn and provides power for churn, cream separator, pump, washing machine, vacuum sweeper, electric fan and other small machinery. CO SES from 5to 7 cents per day in the average farm home, Developed, Sold & Guaranteed by world. TR e the same engineering and manufacturing abil- ity that made Delco Cranking, Lighting and Ig- nition for automobiles the standar of the Price, Complete With Batteries $250.00 Write for ilwustrated folaer See Delco-Light in Actual Operation at Fremont Tractor Show CHAS. E. WAGNER, Gen. Agt. 1903 Farnam St., Omaha, Neb. T A