Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, December 12, 1909, Page 23

THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE DECEMBER 12, 1909 Practical Instruction in Useful Knowledge Given in an Iowa School ILFAX. la There is n Dae her 11 —(8pecia Instit Spring « citizens tak the public Last year had been superintendent 1 for the more interes: schoc M schools for th management ¢ succeed Prof. H a revolutl aystem to has grading introducing inaugurated and general manual Iarged of wor training a labe own hands the elving mestic nee making ipment of table he work of $30 to appropriated material gty chemistry mmercia . ool has credited eo wly and seve the present en of which eighty and ¢ gratis, thus s " of tor ¥ expenss the Board ecation who has ady ny e course fully a teen teachers are et Miment i nea music and drawir ploy e ry o are he high school s an ceds-in & rooms and application an injury to the high needs are neglected whick y and girl to wupport them finishing the course as cent attend college for professional career. Prof. Potis s & you earnest advocate of work work system a) education—the laboratory to the book all per 8. A. POTTS ntendent Colfax € tax & [ public front and are recog | men as equai to t high schools TW HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING AT COLE How Christmas HRISTMAS observances are as varied as the human race. Lo cally conditions and traditions make for variety in forms, but not In substance. The signiti- cance of the festival rises above the forms and delivers the message ntended In the countries of Romanic des Roman saturnalia has left distinct tr This great festival in honor of t Roman god of agriculture was lebrated in Rome every December. Childrea and slav.s p Wee overwhelmed with presents and mer- riment reigned in every form for a week. Southern Europe and Spanish and Porti guese America have retained Christmas as an ecclesiastical festival, but a joyful one, a time of publie rejoicing; while in the northern countries its celebration has more of a domestic character. It iz a home and family feast. The derivation of northern customs may be traced to the gods of the Edda,” the greatest source of northern mythology. Its seriptures were found in lceland. The customs derived from the saturnalia and those from northern myths were by and by partly amalgamated through the mixtures of peoples, but still every country has its own peculiar cere- monies of Christmas. The customs of Scandinavia and Iceland rely most distinetly on the old northern myths. The eelebration of the solstice was a great festival in olden times. For a long time it was believed that the year siood still at the soistice. The celebration of the winter solstice was a great festival from olden times, when great bonfires were kin- dled to the honor of the great sun god, Thor. The yuletide of the Scandinavians was an especially merry season. ‘‘Yul” meant whee! and the inhabftants {magined the sun to be like & wheel. “Yule-klapp" still signifies the way in which presents are distrjbuted, signifying the clapping of wheels, the mysterious menner in which the sun god distributed his presents of flowers, green grass and leaves. In & somewhat similar mysterious manner the presents are toaay packed together in a room, no one being able to guess what ths contents are. From the association of the sun god and his presents of the green of the spring-time that color is still retained n celebrations and this feature has been taken up by almost the whole world iRy Germ: oma. The German Christmas begins on Decem ber 1—that is to say, the preparations. On that day bundreds of peddlers with every varlety of mechanical toy armed with po- lice permisaion, take possession of the sid walks in the shopping districts of Berlin, the Leipziger @Nd the Potsdamer Strassen. ‘The oceupation is speedy and absolute. One can hardly walk for fear of crushing & crawling beetle, a model captain of Koep- enick, or & spinning top. The buzs of the toys, the tinkle of bells and the never-end- Ing stream of eulogistic cacophony which flows off the eloquent tongues of the brazen-throated street peddiers blend with the clang of the trolley cars, the hooting of the automobiles, and the roar of the trafiic in the clear winter air and announce to the Berliner the coming of Christmas. During the last few days before Christ- mas the stores are literally besieged and often have to be closed for half an hour or 50 by the police to give the weary sales- men a chance deal with the walting throngs and to relieve the dangerous pres- suse of the eager mob. All classes may be seen bent the same errand, rubbing shoulders with each other fa- miliarity which 3 Christmas spirit ent the o in that easy Is the essencé of The Chlef Emblem. The chief place in the German Christmas naturally appertains to its principal blem, the Christmas tree. In the sireets it reigns supreme. For weeks before the teast, thousands of busy hands are hard at work with axe and saw in the vast Thuringian and Mecklinburg forests where acres of pine and fir ally ket As the feast approaches the pace quick- ens, It reaches its helght on the afternoon em s are a denuded to supply the Berlin mar- of Christmas stores are packed b laggards who have Christmas shopping cars are crowds poned thei last momen by hosts of heavily there hardly sidewalks. The street their efforts, merits deavor to ¢ the post the a the trolley bese laden passengers, a is room to move along hawkers redouble r hoarse of their wares ear out their volees bellow out the in a last en- stock while the rush lasts. About T ck the stream begius to sub. the streets gradually empty, and an hour later they are practically deserted Santa Claus has arrived in town, and the family festival begins. The brightly Mt thoroughfares wanich for the last month have been the gayest at this time, are now forsaken; fewer cars are running, for all the drivers and conductors that can be spared, are at home presiding eoch at his own Christmas tres, and even the dearth of cabs points to the sense of family duty reigning supreme in the heart of the Ber- lin Jehu. Santa Claus has entered upon the kingdom prepared for him. | The celebration of Christmas in Germany differs in this much from that in the other Germanic countries, that in Germany both Christmas and New Year's are celebrated, gifts being exchanged at Christmas and Christmas boxes being distributed at New Year's. The lighting of the Christmas tree and the distribution of gifts—the so-called “Weinachtsbescherung—always takes place on Christmas eve. About 7 o'clock the whole family down to the servants, is as- sembled outside the dining room, and when all is ready the doors are thrown open and the tree is revealed in all its splendor. On the table at its foot are placed the family gifts, and it is tradition—and one that is most scrupulously respected—that the na- ture of these shail be kept secret. i d gus. Scemes in Jerusalem. On the afterncon of the dsy before Christmas the Latin patriarch and numer- ous monks from the monasteries in Je- rusalem arrive at the market place, the chief square in the town of Bethlehem. They are received with great state by the forelgn and Turkish officials, whe escort them into the church. The whole populace of the surrounding towns turns out, the native men and women attired In the gay- est holiday costumes, forming a brilliant color background to the oriental pageant as it passes. Every terrace and housetop is crowded with spectators and standing room is at a premium to any outsider. Aco- Iytes, bear crosses and torches and swing ensers and priests chandt and when the patriarch, attired in gorgeous robes, who is the I to enter the church, turns at the portals toward the great throng he pronounces a blessing and all are on their knees In an Instant. Then the Christmas ceremonies begin. Toward dusk a proces- sion of cowled monks carrying lighted tapers descends the Grotto of the Nativity, chant the first ve: pers of the feast. On the eve of the great day the Bethlehemites assemble In the parish church, where the Franciscans chint matins. Outside bonfires blaze and the quaint square is warm and bright as in the daytime. At 10 o'clock a procession is formed, headed by he guardian of the holy crib, whq is always a man high in the ascetic life. He carries a wax image of the Christ child in his arms. Music and the murmuring of volces in prayer issue from the subterranean sanc- tuari with a soft cadence. When the procession arrives at the niche containing the holy erib a deacon recelves the Christ child. The gospel Is then sung and when the deacon reaches the words, “Here she brought forth her first born Son and wrapped Him in swaddling clothes and here laid Him In a manger the act of an as- sistant sults the words and the wax in- fant is wrapped in swaddling clothes and laid in the recess of the manger. By mid- night the Church of the Nativity is crowded to Its extreme capacity by Syr- lans, Russians, Germans and representa- tives of nearly every other nation. When the bells of the parish church sound through the still night air, announcing the commencement of the midnight mass, a great as that of rejoicing Issues into where they Orators Who Upheld Nebraska From UNIVERSITY COLN FRIDAY NIGHT, ft to Right: Patten, Mare OF NERRASKA DEBATERS WHO MET llus, Rice, Vata MINNESOTA AT LIN; ng assembled t fash ceremc is Vestments e ck ak the cerem ure back to their home in general merrymaking & agc w at ficlating pries are patrie dayh e natives go the day The Duy From Bethlehem one's turn to Rome, the tendom, and the represe cbild who ago in a poor Christmas fn Rome is not so much dence in United States misses the streams of shoppers that make the few weeks before so full of activity and life well as the myriad of beautiful articles temptin displayed in the splendid shops, the equal of which ccuntry in the world but ours But the special feature of the Roman cele- bration is the es at the Church of & Mury of the Capitol, where rests “Ii Santo Bambino, holy child. This is a larg doll or image about the size of a baby of 6 months of age and was carved by a friar of the Franciscan order in Jerusalem from a block of olive wood found near there. A in Rome. hos y of the head of Chris- ative of the little many, many domestic ol was born s ™ side of m evi- cave, as it is the as no can show erv or is legend has a worried paint whict praying over and on av iild, smiting upon heeks and feet The e, bowed h ground t miraculous i completed the Kenir his a happy friar s head i fore hands nts, a brown fellke fles recognizing the admiration Kissed the hundred years les have attributed to its influe becn the vene held for m made the veral 10 ny mir which it has b of ecipie of gift francs. 1 rald value, wh enough for ants its that ame to pd Witk and crown dlamonds, ruble pearis of great it fine it has its own =erv it wherever it goes and horses and liveries. after the 1s in pro by priests fr tabernacle, accompanied by monks ani preiates, oftentimes a eardi- nal and a great concourse of influential Rcman citizens, clad in g cloth robes, sapphires le the a quean wears Is wvho accompany own carriage On Christmas day mase, bam- a ssion the m ts ay is Observed in Distant Lands and ave French Festiy nationa utnumbersd of northern e streets ing quarter prev can are ow b stmas trees tmportation fashic eady appeared ke little Santa nable wh they bles Claus. th no longe; ttle Fre emembered invariab are they for wit i e fireplace pres ce their Lttle stove, cred tion that the “‘petite will 1 them t) t, and seldom disappointed f them are sit up for the Grown- e Jesus of oceasion. GIRLS AT WORK IN THE LABORATO RY AT THE COLFAX SCHOOL. ups, however, nelther receive nor give presents at Christmas. New Year's day i to them what Christmas is to Americans, and the sending of presents, the paying of customary compliments and the ex change of visits—all these take piace on the first of the new year. “Happy New Year” they will say to you, but never Merry Christmas. Outside of the metropolis, in many of the Christmas Candies Fashioned Into Various Shapes HE idea of Christmas gifts Is not to give something that the recipients would or could buy for themselves, something neces sary as well as useful, but something that they will re- gard wore in the light of a luxury— something dainty, and, above all, ex- ceedingly There is noth- ing that small an ex- penditure will that little touch of elegance, nothing that so appeals to the fancy as does a Christmas box of choice homemade bonbons Home-made candy not only much cheaper than much of the highly colored confections sold in shops, but is aiso more wholesome. As a rule children left make their own selections will choose the plain home-made When wholesome materials are used, a mod ate amount of ss will not injure a healthy child. Whatever kind of con- fections are made, only the very best sugar will glve perfect success. For t cooked creams the loaf sugar Is, of course, the best. But providing you can get pure cane sugar in the granuiated, it is not necessary to use this in order to make fine candies. Confectioners’ great deal for candies. else s is to s candies. sweatn XXX sugar is used & making uncooked cream Lighit brown sugar, maple sugar and syrups are also used. When sugar needs clarifying, beat the white of an egg With a cup of cold water and add to it a quart of sugar mixed with a cup of warm Stir all together to mix well and set over the fire and heat slowly until the scum arises; then set back where it cannot boil and skim until pertectly clear. Place over the fire again and when more scum arises skim until clear. Never stir still hot, or it will the fondant or syrup is usually boiled down until a fork or broom straw is dipped the liquid will spin off in hairy or when & little is dropped water it forms a soft ball When it 1s bolled enough remove quietly from the fire and pour out gently an olled platter or marble slab, being care- ful to leave margin of one or two inches free oil or the syrup will over the edge. When nearly cold stir it rap- 1dly one way with a wooden paddle until it 1s white and Knead unti smooth, letting it stand over night if y sible. This is for the creamy tions and coverings for the creams When syrup for hard candie boil it until a little dropped in cold water will become brittle. A very little of tartar or vinegar added to the will prevent its graining. The not over the to the the Inside edge at the Do not use too much the finest, or the candi and cheap. Use only sueh colorings as are known to be harmless. Chiidren to m as eat them water. syrup while it grain cream candy is boiling « For making the sugar when into it, threads, into ice-cold from run creamy 1s the 1s cream up syrup will i run of saucepan top 18 oiled. flavoring and only will seem coarse love ke and should of this kind candies, as well be encouraged give prese rather than w their money many of the “catch-pen- nies” found in the shop: Plain Fondant—Do large a quantity ake a pint, wo_cups, of sugar two-thirds of a cup of hot water and a third of a teaspoo of cream of tartar. Place on the back of the range or over a moderate fire untll dissolved. Do not stir r shake, but as the bolling syrup throws up crystals on the sides of the saucepan, carefully remove them with s piece of cheesecloth, dampened. Let boll rapidly un- tl a little of the syrup dropped In cold water will form a soft ball. Remove from the fire and pour out gemtly on the olled platter or slab, and when it begins to syif- fen stir rapidiy until you white, creamy mass not attempt of fondant at a to make time and te or have & smooth, Knead inte a smooth ball, using a Uttle nfectioner's sugar on the hands. Roll up in waxed paper, put in « dish and stand In & cool dry piace. M. by carcless handling of the boi syrup, the fondant i granulated, put ng it back over the fire with sufficient hot water to dissolve it, and cook it over agaln, test- Ing it in same manner. Do not use fondant for twenty-four hours after making. Then you will find it has become delicic light and creamy Cream Walnuts and Dates—Roll of the fondant and cut into each into a ball, and press meat on either side. Place ¢ to harden. Cut dates in h a plece sections, roll alf a walnut olled paper ves, remove the pits, roll each half in a piece of fondant and then in granulated sugar Chocolate Creams—These are not new, but are always in demand. Form little balls rom the fondant, using the pialn white with different flavorings or adding a del- leate touch of coloring to correspond with the flavor used. Let the balls stand for some hours to harden. Then dip them in melted fondant to which you have added grated chocolate or piain melted ehocolate. Christmas Dinner Recipes DAINTY PLUM PUDDING- One and one-half cupstul of granulated sugar, one-half cup- ful of soft butter; cream gether and add one-half cug- ful of sweet mik, two and cupsful of pastry flour, one teaspoonful of haking powder, & pinch of salt and one teaspoonful of vanilla and almond mixed. Lasdy fold In the suff whites of five eggs. Have ready one cup- ful each of currants, choice secded raisins, thinly sifced citron and chopped pecan nuts. Mix with the dough and pour futo a buttered mold and steam three lours. Serve In slices with a generous helping of sauce, made as follows Whip one pint of cream suff and flaver with almond; then whip Into it one pound of white honey into tiry bits Bake several hours before using so it will and hard. A tablespoonful of gran- gelatine 1d be added to the, A square loaf cake is the best pudding i it can th nhoney comb cut be col ulated cream shoul p for steaming the in nice Suet P be cut Graham 1dding—One egE. Nebraska Educator in the Philippines | Neb White to reports ag appoin eral director of educati Philtppine I a who eight years ag at Chicago university, went t pines as a teach te YONS Frank Dec. 1L.—(8 who, & tew fal.) rding days gen- the ed as Lyons raduating Philip- Loy ufter th and worked his and in his ¢ all grades of schools, ral high sities. The W0 & year director lucatiol unde now to island arge m general empire. yre than among agri carries is % an He 400,000 pupils ir which sch ana position Mr cultural unive of ¥ salary years old. white FRANK R WHITE half cupful of molasses, one-half cupful sweet milk in which is dissolved one teaspoontul of sods, one and one-half cup- fuls of graham flour, one and one-haif cupfuls of chopped suet, one cupful of whole raisins, one small teaspoonful each of cinnamon and cloves, one-half teaspoon- ful of grated nutmeg, and a pinch of salt. Steam for two and one-half hours. The sauce for this is made as follows: Beat together the yolks of two eggs and one cupful of sugar. Bet in a pan of boil- nz water and stir untll hot, then add a plece of butter the size of a walput to a stief fr Just before serving add the juice of a lemon or a little vinegar. This makes a large pudding, but it will keep a long time. Lettuce and Chestnut Sandwiches—Upon a thin slice of buttered bread lay a let- tuce leaf, mash chestnuté and mix with one-fourth the quantity of eream cheese, cover with mayonnaise dressing and press down with a second slice of buttered Chestnut Turkey—Boll after blanching pepper half Nut and Mushroom Stuffing for the chestnuts thirty minutes drain and chop; add salt, lump o butter; mix wita Guantity of mushrooms and stuff with the mixture Salad—Soak a pint of ch for one hour, drain, nix with two cupfuls of d.ced zer chill and serve jce leaves with a cream sing Chestnut Cookles tablespoonfuls of butter and cupful stir in three tablespoonfuls of well beaten eggs, two cuptuls of wed chestnuts, a saltspoontul flour enough to make & paste rolied. Cut into cookies and derate oven Chestnuts and Other Nuts—Put meat grinder half a pound of i s, of blanched and ds and one-fourth of a pound Mix with four ripe have been pressed through a the mixture into a mold and sally for two hours. When th. )f the kettle and when and serve as cold meat, eurly and a he turkey m Ches stnuts chop and ery and a on tender mayonnaise 1 olive oll olives; Cream together two one sugar three ped ste b bake In & m ate Mold of through a roasted ¢ dried aimc of peanu as that pack ntix these bana ateam jone remove e0ld tu s with gurr parsiey Pointed Paragraphs An ed with the best you can s of tends people are too slow to make thi oax & woman to do any- e wants o, It's easy for a w face—if she has one We don't blame his wife treits hi A w because Marryl A hy man to paint a pretty @ man for growling if like & dog isn't hat an necessari) is on stralght level-headed g for money as long as serite ut & may ins the mone e against In & man who thanks polnting istake he has made By marrying, many a m tormed a good friend Inte & poo you for nas wite It worries a modest girl if u man tries to kiss her—and it worries & young widow if be doesa't - Money may not make the man, but take some men's muu'“'ll) from them and there would be nothing left.—Chicago News. trans. Lift them out with & wire candy dipper and lay on oiled paper to harden. White Candy—Boll together two cups of granulated sugar, one cupful of water and a tablespoontul of vinegar. When a little dropped in cold water becomes brittle and snaps, pour it into buttered tins, and when cool enough to handle, pull it. working in a little vanilla. Form into sticks, and be- fore they get cold cut them into inch pleces with a sharp knife or scissors and wrap separately in tissue paper of different ors. English Walnut broken pieces of En, mix with fondant Baile—Chop up the ish walnut meats and Form into balls and let harden. Then dip them into melted fon- dant, drop on olled paper and place half a walnut meat on top of each Maple Walnuts—Make the balls as above, of the chopped nuts, and dip them Into the melted fondant and melted maple sugar Drop on the paper and press half a nut meat on top. English walnuts, pecans filberts or almonds. Russian Taffee—Put into a perfectly clean pan one pound of brown sugar, four ounces butter and a tablespoonful of water. Bring to boiling point, then add a teaspoonful es- nce of vanilla and a gill of good cream Boil until a little dropped into cold wuter will stiffen; add a drop or two of carmine to give a delicate coloring and let it just two minutes longer, remove from fire, and as soon as it stops bolling pour into buttered pans. Chocolate Taffee—Grate down ounce of finest vanilla chocolate and grad- ually stir into it a gill of single cream or new milk until it forms a smooth mixture. Then add six ounces of fresh butter, twelve ounces of brown sugar and a tablespoonful molasses. Boll all together for twenty min- utes, stirring constantly or it may scorch Flavor with vanilla and stir in bleached and shredded almonds or pistachio nuts Pour into olled tins and mark out in bars Wrap in grease-proof paper. This candy not hard when but about the sistency of choeolate drops Use boil half an done, con- larger eities and in nearly all the villages, children will gather and with lighted can- dles in hand line up in & procession, carry ing about the place the symbolic creche, singing carols as they go. some of which are very beautiful. But it is in Provence, Brittany and Franche Comte that these festivals as sume the quaintest form. They recall sin gularly heathen customs. On that day in every house the celebrations commence with & big supper. All fasting and mortifi- cation is lald aside. The table is set be- fore the fireplace, where spariies, bright and cheerful, the “carigute” the old trunk of an olive tree, crowned with laurels, drfed up and carefully prepared for the occagion. Supper over, the whole family circle around the fire and sing Christmas carois tll midnight, the time of the first mass, which everybody serupulously attende. The night of the 24th of December is the real fete. The poor are permitted to beg pub- licly the whole night, singing hymns to touch the hearts of the people. From the windows children throw them alms in paper purses which they have previously et on fire for gulding purposes. vl In “Merrie England.” Probably nowhere customs followed ebration of country houses in the world are oid so religiously in the cel- Christmas as they are In the in England. Preparations for the festivities occupy weeks. Every room in the house is decorated with holly and mistletoe, the latter hung over door- suspended from chandeliers and placed ir position under which the young girls of the family are likely to be caught in an unsuspecting moment and forced 10 pay the penalty of a kiss for lack of that eternal vigilance which, it is said. is the price of safety. The cele- bration begins on Christmas eve and Is carried over two or three days, sometimes week. The dinner, with the regulation roast beef, turkey and plum pudding. Is the great featurs of Christmas day, when 50 far possible, every member of the tamily matter how It has been scat tered in the pursuit of business or pleas- ure, endeavors be present and ooccupy that seat around the fainily board in which he or she sat as a child. Of course, there a Christmas tree for the juveniles—the ounger members of the family or the grandehildren the case may be. Con- 10 the custom in the United Btates, distribution of the presents hung on Santa Claus is made usually in the &, after 4 sufficient ttme has elapsed it of the proper enjoyment of the ation produced by the colored can- attached to the branches. Following that comes the dancing and the amusement of the old folk, which is kept up until the early hours of the morning. ways any their a as no as trary the by evenir to per [ dles Youngest Editor Lives in lowa OWA clal age edit Ch th of Towa amberlain real nesvspaper known as School Week!y and published in the Interests of the little boys and girls attending this insfitution The paper is a four-page, fair and is filled with lve articles and personals concerning the students. Fu five weeks it has been running success- tully and the subscription Mst is rapidly in- CITY, Ta Edward v (Spe- mberlain, i youngest state = the head the of Grammar a two-eolumn af- BEUOWARD CHAMBERLAILN, creasing. dward is of the being heiped in paper by Harold, freshman the financia age 13 years, high school. How- he in no way interferes with the editorial part of the paper. Both boys have carried the Daily lowan, the Univer- of Towa paper, for the last three and it is was from this they con- the idea of starting the weekly in the grammar school. The ladw are the sons of Mrs. Irene Chamberlain. They started the paper independently and are in no way supported by the school end n sity years ed paper in cel