Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, December 27, 1902, Page 7

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27, 1902, URIGINAL RANGE OF ANIMALS New Theory Eased o1 Discovery of Fossil Monkey in Wycming. RESEARCHES MAUE BY YALE PROYE3SOR Prehi g sie Relies In a Reglon Once th Trople Belt—Secrets of Anclent Bones and Petri- fled Plants. —_— Tn the Irst summer two Yale sclentife explorers—Dr. J. L. Wortman and G. R. ‘Wieland—of the staff of the Peabody mu- seum at Yale, carried on the most success- ful expesrations of the fossil deposits in | Wyomirig that have been reported since the days ot Prof. 0. C. Marsh. Mr. Wieland returied to Yale a few woeks ago, after a five. months' stay in Wyoming, Dakota and Miyatana, relates a correspondent of the Yeow York Tribune. He brought back with him a considerable collection of mammoth prehistoric North Amerlcan turtles, besides & valuable collection of fossil plants, which Be found In the eoc theory that at one time all the northern part of the United States was tropical in climate and bere most luzurious tropleal plant lite. The discoveries of Dr. Wort- man are regarded of great sclentific value, #s he found adlitional remaine of fossil North American mcnkeys. In a paper which Dr. Wortman is soon to publish.in the American Journal of Sclence his fosell monkey will be fully described. Yale sclentists who have seen the speci- mens which he brought back with him from ‘Wyoring say without reserve that Dr. Wor.man's discovery ls to be ranked with the most important palacontological finds of recent yenrs. Dr. Wortman's collaborators in palacon- tological work at Yale say that his work and the deductiens he has been led to draw | trom it will prove the beginning of an en- tirely new understanding of the origin and distribution ot mammalia on the earth. While Dr. Wortman is to announce this discovery and the theory he has drawn from It to the scientific world shortly, this is the first announcement that he has per- mitted to be made of it in the public press. Basis of m New Theory. The generally accepted position of 300lo- gists and geologists at the present day 5 the origin of animal life on the ear'h 38 that its beginnings are to be looked for in the present tropical zones; that the North American fauna branched out from the old world fauna by migration from their ancestral home, and that man origi- mated somewhere in the dense tropical re- ons of the old world, Java, probably. It ot too much to say that if the long serles of investigations devoted to this subject by Dr. Wortman prove to be true, these hypotheses of the scientists will havo to be remodeled to a large extent. From the monkey fossil remains discovered by Leidy and Marsh some twenty odd years a%0, and from the new and conclusive dis- covery made by Dr. Wortman this summer, an entirely new and much more logical theory is deduced. The theory of a boreal origin of the apes, monkeys and lemurs, and, in fact, of the t majarity ot the mammalia, ported as it iz, by the facts in the po ston of Dr. Wortman, and collected to a considerabbe degree by his own hands, is ikely, when it is launched, to create a stir in the sclentific world. “I expect, of cours: great opposition to this new view at first, said Dr. Wortman today, “but I am sure of my grouud, and have abundant and In- don¥rovértitle evidence in’ these fossil re- ma'us to prove it Wyomiug's Anclent Monkeys. The fossil remains which have led the Yale scientist to take this advanced posi- tion are those of the cocene monkey, found in rock bed In the Bridger basin of Wyom- ing. Not larger than a common house cat, this fossil skull is in w.most a complete state of preservation, notwithstanding its burial in Wyoming rock for perhaps 1,000,- 000 years. Dr. Wortman says regarding this conelusion: It my deductions from this new evidence are correct, two things are evident. First, that the present South American monkey did not migrate from any old world lo- wality, and is not the descendant of any old world species, Is now commonly be- Heved. Instead, he is the direct descendant of the prehistoric monkeys whose fossil beds of those re- | glons, and which add their proof to the ' trom the ota world that is geologically nec- essary s difficult. The fact that fossil monkeys have now been found In Wyoming in a deposit of tropical mature, and which corresponds In every particular, not to the lemurs of the old world, but to the mon- keys at present inhabiting South Americ; | makes this an impossible hypothesis. The evidence Is that the South American mon- keys, instead of descending from old world apes, have a definitely provable origin in | the fossil monkeys found Ja Wyoming. which date back to an age when the whol, northern part of the world was as hot as the present equatorial regions. Heat at the North Pole, The theory that the north pole was at | a heated area is proved beyond question by the fossil remains of tropical plant lite far up along the Canadian border and for some time that this is true. My the- | ory—and it is one that will probably be ! challenged immediately by scientists—is based on these fossil finds and on others | that bave preceded them. It is that the | origin of many forms of mammalian lite on this planet was boreal, in a circumpolar | region. Thousands ot years before the gla- | clal epoch, that came at the close of the pliocene, animal life began, and its sub- sequent distribution, with the flora, over | the earth's surface, was the direct result | of migration, made necessary by the slow | advance of the cold epoch known as the | glacial period. | " Grasting this eommon origin ot lite | around the north pole, the equestion of the adlflnhmlon of the flora and fauna over the earth becomes reasonable. | continents down which this recession of lite passed—southward, over Europe and Asia, and southward, over North America. the time of the origin of life on the earth within the Arctic circle. It has been known | | | | i | | There were two | | | | The theory then comes down to this, that | i these two main streams of gradually re- treating life, the vegetable and animal, passed soythward in front of the advan- | | cing cold and ice, | habited, lite following the where. | of the distribution of certain forms of life over the earth becomes clear. Animal life on this continent developed no higher than the South American monkeys. world current developed into the anthro- poid ape, and then, by a colossal accident, into man. Horeal Origin of Life, troples every- One of the strongest evidences for my bellel that migration took place from the north southward is that at the beginning of soveral periods In tha geological scale we have suddenly appearing specimens of entirely strange and new specles of animal life. At the commencement of the first period of the eccene, for instance, we have seventy-five species of higher mammals apparently coming into existence all at ouce. In the cretaceous the same phenom- enon happened, species dying ot later. The wasatch period of the Wyoming eocene | bings the monkeys. To say that these | specles sprang into being all at once and {In sudden bounds is unthinkable, Migra- | tion is the only possible reason that can { be given—migration from a more northern reglon southward as the ice formed and the tropical vegetation died that preceded it. This, to my mind, is proof positive bf the boreal origin of lite. The face of na- ture changed also dufing this gradual re- cession of types southward. Following the tropical epoch in the north eame a time of open plains, as 1s proved by the changed character of the fossll animals found, the newer species having a structure adapted to open country running. All animals fol- lowed the tropical zone south, except such few as adapted themselves to the colder climate, and remained on the horders ot the advancing fce flelds. Most other spe- cles died and became extinct, being either unable to adapt themselves to the new conditions or not following the others south. The monkeys went with the forests, following the tropics, until now they are extinct on this continent except in South America. The same thing identically hap- pened in the old world, animal and vege- table lite following the troples south as the ice advanced from the north, until in some unusual conditions man was born from the highest type of apes. One specimen which I brought back with me this week from Wyoming is worth its weight In first water diamonds. It is the skull of an eocene monkey, showing the two jaws complete, with their cowaplement of teeth, the first, I may say, that has ever been found The teeth prove beyond con- troversy that these eocene forms are mon- keys and not lemure, a fact which is of the highest importance. Instead of the protruding lower teeth, this specimen remains have from time to time been un- earthed in Wyoming, and the final remnant of which I found this summer. From t fact it must of necessity be belleved that migration southward from the polar re- gions across the United States to South America took place among the monkeys as among other forms of animal and vegetable lite, excepting of course such species as became extinct on the way. It must also ‘be accepted that at the time the increasing cold in the morth forced the monkeys inte South America, where they are mow only te bo found, a bridge of forests connected North and South America. If this Is true, and this evidence says It is, then the geolo of this continent will have to be re d, as geology now has It that during ‘he time of this migration North and South Ameriea were divided by an ocean. As monkeys do not swim, geology, In the light of this new evidence, will have to revise some of its teachings as to the formation and history of the American continents. 1 Delieve that this will be done, and that sula will prove present geology views wrong In this respect. Socondly, it the logical deductions from theso fossil remains tn Wyoming, not alone of monkeys, but of other faunae, are cor- rect, and entirely mew theory will have to be constructed regarding the origin of certaln forms of life on this planet. I Bave come to the conclusior. based on the ovidence given by these and other fossil remains, that the origin of ape fauna and the greater part of the mammals of this | continent was in the north, and that the apes of the old and the mew world had & common origin In a circumpolar reglon, which at that time had a tropical climate. This is also true, of course, of the flora. that plant life also orig- inated in this region. Solving Perplexing Questions, The discovery by Leldy, Marsh and my- welf of fossil monkeys In deposits of the eocene periad in Wyoming will probably help to solve questions of the greatest eclentific lmportance in regard to erigin and distribution of fauna om the earth. From what source, for instance, sprang the South American apes? They are different from the apes of the old world. DId thev originate in the old world 4 descend from old world monkeys, as some scientists believe? Or did they migrate nortl rd from the south pole? The stumbling block to the belief In the doscent of the South American monkeys from those of the old world bas been the great difference In structure betwean the two. The South American monkeys are smaller than those old world; they have an additional molar tooth in each jaw; their nostrils are set wider apart and open laterally, while those of the old world moukeys are closer together and open obliquely; they have no showed the upright teeth of the living monkeys of today, different from the old world lemurs. It has aleo molars similar to certain of the South American monkeys. The character of the skeleton, moreover, points to the monkeys of South America as its nearest llving ally. I cannot but conclude, therefore, that there is generic connecticn between the two. A CHANGE OF TREATMENT. Effeet of Personally Conducted Thought Transference. “It was a downright lie,” laughed the re- turned traveler, quoted by the Detroit Free Press, “but it was done in a good cause, and I don't regret It. While I was in Calitornia I chanced to find myselt one day at noon ia a thinly settled part of the country, and, coming to a small rundown ranch, I decided to stop and see if 1 could get my dinper. The old lady who came to the door made me welcome and invited me to step inside. “‘You'll have to walt a few minutes,' she sald, ' ‘cause I'm awfully pressed with work. You see my husband is sick, an' I have to do his work as well as my own, an’ it comes dreadful hard.’ ‘I'm sorry to hear that your husband is sick, madam,’ said I ‘What seems to be the matter? “'] guess it must be something awful,’ she answered, ‘cause he sent $5 to a man back east to treat him by the thought method. An' now every day he gets a message through the air what tells him that he is awfully sick an’ that he musn't get up before 9 o'clock in the mornin', an’ pot to think-of doin' any work, an' to eat ple an' cake three times a day! “Just then her husband came lounging in. He was a big, overgrown specimen of a man with nothing the world the matter with him but laziness, and I was selzed with an idea. Springing up, I grasped him by the band and shook it heartily, “‘I'm giad to see obe of my patients!' 1 3 been worried abeut you for some time; so I decided to come out and see you personally. From what I hear from your wife I am afrald that the wires have been crossed and that you have not been understanding wy thought messages.' Didn't ye tell me to stay in bed till # o'clock In the mornin'? he asked weakly, *“Not a bit of it,’ I answered cheerfully. ‘My lnstructions to you were to get up every morning at § o'clock and split wood for two hours before breakfast. As for ple and cake, they are the worst things you can ea ‘Madam,' sald I when I was ready to leave, ‘your husband is & very sick man, and nothing but hard work will save him. Hard work, madam, and lots of it.' *‘I'll see that he gets it she answered cheek pouches, and their talls are gouerally long and prehensile, which ls rarely, if ever, found in the old world species. To believe that these differences can be traced back (o the comparatively receat migration grimly. I've got an ide ot them wires crossed on purpose!’ “When | reached a bend in the road 1 looked back. The old lady was already in- troducing ber husband te the woodplle.” The old | till the earth was in- | On this theory the whole question | AN EDEN WITHOUT AN EVE Oomfort and Luxury which Surround Bachelors on Easy Street. WHY SOME MEN DO NOT MARRY High Lonesomes Exalt Their Freedom ~Possible to Live in a House Without the Aid of Woman, It cannot be proved by statistics, says the New York Evening Post, that bachelors are increasing in New York, out of proportion to the rapld increase of population, but the belief prevalls that they are. Of the two classes, the bachelors of necessity, as dis- tinguished from the bachelors of cho! are growing more numerous with the increasing flerceness of competition in business and professional life, and with the always ad- vancing cost of living in the crowded cities. Mere existence is expensive, growing more expensive yearly, and at the same time the standard of living is rising constantly. Among the young invaders of New York— who make up by far the greater part of the city's force of fresh energy—it has come to be a matter of comment for a man under 80 4o win a position where the salary or in- corhe justifies him in marrying. Certainly, the young physician, after four years of col- lege, four of medical school and two of hospital practice, cannot hope to build up a practice in the two years left on the hither sido of 30 that will justity him in taking a wite. The man who secures a $10-a-week clerkship in a law office at 25, the average age of graduates of the best law schools, can assuredly count on five years of effort before he begins to feel solld ground under his financial feet. And the quickly won success in any business, whether it be that of broker, merchant or even historical novel, is rare. For many the period of enforced bach- elorhood s unduly prolonged by family necessity. A steady, capable newspaper man, now earning $35 a week and sure of advancement, sends more than haif of that amount weekly to a mother and sister in an up-state town. Another, whose short stor- les within the last two years have sold freely at good prices, supports an estab- lishment over which his mother presides. 8o, in another case, the man lives in an apartment with an only sister. To men like to become the heads of families in a differ- ent sense. If it were permissible to classify the bachelors of choice, the temptation would be strong to call them the workers and the spenders. Here would be two distinct types. Of the workers certain things are true—they are consumed with the ambition to win big material success, they suppose matrimony will conflict; they are stubborn, preserving literary hacks or unrecognized young artists, who are literally too poor to marry; or they are what may be termed matrimonlal ards. All of these deliberately set their ambition, hopes, or prejudices before them and say: “Until such ambitions be prejudices alone.” removed, we must go on The Way of the Spénder. The spenders, with none of the foregoing reasons for renouncing matrimony, may be of that falrly numerous class of young men who, inheriting wealth in some more or less obscure part of the country, come to New York to ‘‘cut their eye teeth.” The phrase is suggestive of thelr career. They may be New Yorkers of lnherited wealth and insured soclal position who care for freedom of movement back and forth across the Atlantic, and who are selfish enough to think they can order their own pleasure to best sdvantage. Then there are the wealthy bachelors who pose—as artists, or singers, or literary men—and court the no- tice of press and public bachelor geniuses. Some bachelors live in boarding houss mixing naturally with the boarding house population; but these are few. With the growth of the bachelor habit, the instinet of segregation develops. It is not unlikely that the first year of life in New York will see the struggling lawyer taking one or two furnished rooms, elther alone or with another of his professional assoclates, and the doctors’ and brokens' clerks do Mkewis From the furnished room the ot is likely to «row into an "—always occupled by as few &8 the required to meet the extortionate rent bill. It is well enough to encourage family life, the bachelor argues, but he wonders why landiords, the moment they 4 dub thelr structures “Dachelor apartments,” these New York means opportunity: first to | discharge family obligations, and afterward | with which | cow- | realized, or such hopes fulfilled, or such | should demand double the rent they could possibly get from ordinary “fiat” tenants. The bachelor, of necessity, perforce, passes the bachelor apartments by and makes shift in various ways. A common expedient 8 to invade an ordinary apart- ment or flat house, furnish the flat after bachelor ideas, engage servants who can cook simple breakfasts and care for rooms. In this way & family of live comfortably and at reasonab Cut Down Expenses. An interesting experiment was that re- cently made by five unmarried men who are workers in one of the West Side slum settlements. They rented an entire three- story house in an obscure street for $900 a year. After thoroughly renovating it they furnished five bedrooms on the second and third floors and converted the first floor into an attractive parlor and study. The basement they let to the women who cared for the house--rent -egualizing ~service. Each floor they valued at $300 a year, so for the parlor and study every man con- tributed $60. The two men who occupled the second floor pald $50 each, while the three above pald $100 aplece. Thus, for expense of furnishing, which bore not too heavily on the five, was provided for the cost of one narrow hall bedroom. Until the experiment Is actually under- taken the matter of housekeeping appears simple enough to tbe ardinary man. But afterward! Three young men took a flat on October 1 of this year, finding, after a frantic search, with their belongings all but thrown Into the street from three separate furnished rooms that had been glven up, an apartment far enough down- town to suit the latest sleeper. First it was the new wall paper and in- itial cleaning that dragged on from day to day in the most discouraging way. fact that the young men's hours down- town coincided exactly with those of the apartment house agent uptown did not tend to hasten the matter, But after two weeks came a day when the walls were newly covered and the floors freshly var- nished. The bachelors began to look about for other furniture to supplement their three beds and two chairs. “What do we absolutely need?’ asked one. Very gravely the second answered: “We must have & hall carpet, a door mas and waste paper basket . Some Things Overlooked. “An art square for the dining room,” volunteered the third. Portieres, towel racks and speclal burners were suggested before it occurred to me to begin with the floor and ascend In making out a list of necessities. So it happéned that rugs were obtained, chairs and a dining room table bought. The day before the servant ap- peared to cook the first breakfast the fact that they had provided no kitchen utensils dawned upon them. “An egg beater and a sink shovel are absolutely necessary,"” serted one. He had received the informa- tion from a woman of long experience. The breakfast was prepared, after two, hurried trips by ome of the trio to the grocery and dairy. The servant made & list, then, of indis- pensable articles, explained that a grocer | would call to take orders and that milk { and butter would be delivered fresh every morning. This appeared to be welcome in- formation to the batchelors, who had tried to sbow thelr foresight by laying in a | supply of milk and cream the day before it to be used. We'll arrange to have dinner here,” sald one, looking hopefully across the breakfast table, “when the th-ce of us are to be at home together.” The idea seemed to be a §00d one. One knew of four men living on Stuyvesant square who had adopted that What did they have for dinner? not known, but there was roast And leg of lamb,” put in the second “Steak,” asserted the third, “and chops | can be easily cooked on our trusty g called in. “We may want dinoers here sometimes,” began the diplomat. “We'll always let you know In the morning," interrupted the sec- ond, “and we might have some of the things done over for breakfast.” This ques- tion from the third startied the silence “Can you cook a dinner?’ The honest old woman smiled apologetically as she an- swered, “I don't know, sir; I never tried.” And it never dawned upon them until that moment that the woman who had been recommended to them had kpent a long and useful existence as a hotel chambermaid. The first dinner in that flat is yet to be cooked. Upon all friends who seem to have an invitation to dinner on their lips these three bachelors smile with deceptive cordi- the spenders these problems ave. When it is considered that they frequently pay from 95,000 to| an average cost of $180 a year beyond lh.:, comfortable home | $15,000 a year for their quarters, it is fair to assume that their establishments include competent chefs. The six men who, to se- cure exactly what they wanted, bullt a $500,000 house in the club district will pre- sumably not be troubled with incompetent servants. The bachelor who spends $1,000,- 000 a year—on country houses, yachts and great entertalnmen! been held up as,the American bachelor, par excellence, is neither typical nor useful as an_example. From the half casual hospitality of the furnished-room bachelor and his modest little bowl of punch and box of cigars to the elaborate hotel entertainments of some of the spenders is a long cry. But what- ever the bachelors’ social pesition or ambi- tion, the duty of entertaining friends de- volves upon them. Certainly, the willing- ness of his women friends to come to his little “flat warmings" or, it may be, a day- before-Christmas tree, ought to cheer him. The suspiclon that these women are in league against him, with all the power of example and suggestion, drawing him to- ward the joys and responsibilities of mar- riage, does not dawn upon the bachelor in his own stronghold. Tn his innocence he thinks that all the women who laugh at his housekeeping experiences and ridicule good- naturedly his whole menage envy him his Zreedom and philosophy. GAVE THE SINEWS OF WAR. Unique Roll of Honor in the Treasury Department. It 18 not generally known, reports the Washington Post, that in the Treasury department, flanked by piles of coin and bills, there is a roll of honor—the name of those who, in the trying days before the war with Spain, gave of their worldly goods to help defray their government's expenses during the conflict. It fs the name of & woman with millions who gave from her abundance, a pensioner who parted with his bounty. The record tells also of two little girls who, imbued with patriotism, worked and saved a sum that to others, doubtl seemed paltry, then sent it on to Washington to ald In the cause of an- other people’s liberty. There were some who, giving for the sake of the giving and caring nothing for the praise of others, gave anonymously. The letters from such Are preserved along with the others. Two Britishers are on the list. The they gave wero small, but no contribution to the war fund was more appreciated. Miss Helen Miller Gould of New York, whose charitable use of her millions h: endeared her to this heart of every Ameri- can, was the first to oifer fuancial assist- ance to the government. Wer letter, nc- companying & check first to be recelved. It fs the first letter in the book, and is an indication of the plain, businesslike methods of this young woman. The letter is addressed to the treasurer of the United States and reads: ‘Some days ago I wrote President Me- Kipley, offering the government the sum of $100,00 for use in the present difficul- tles with Spain. He writes me that he has no official authority to receive moneys in behalf of the United States, and he sug- gests that my parpose can best be served by making a deposit with the assistant treasurer at New York, to the credit of the treasurer of the United States, or by remitting my check direct to you at Wash- | ington. I, therefore, in clogse my check for the above amount, drawn payable to your order on the Lincoln National bank. Will mounts | for $100,000, was the | ] have trave led on most of the important railroads in Amerioa and Kurope, and have dined on such of them as have restaurand cars I would rather dine on a Burlington Route dining car than on anyrailroad dining car that 1 know of in the world. The only other rail- road service that compares wih it in desira- bility, is the Orient Kxpress, in which I trav eled between Paris and Conmstantinople.™ — 8. 8. McClure, Publisher MeClure's Magazine. DINING CARS You pay for only what you order, and what you order is good. Burlington dining cars attached to Bur. lington flyers for East, Denver and Chicago and the the West, Seattle and the Northwest. The service? Well, that's Bur'ington, too. And you know « Burlington” is like «Sterling” on silver, Tickets, 1502 Farnam Street to the giver's request her name has been erased from the letter, Jullus Pepperberg of Plattsmouth, Ne sent his check for $200, Willlam Hartwell of Bristol, England, wrote to President McKinley as follows: “Enclosed sou will please find a post- office order for £1, a small contribution toward your fund for carrying on the war | agalnst Spain.” An_anonymous New Yorker sent a check | for $100 every month, while two W Ingtonians, evidently government officials, | forwarded to the treasurer of the United Btates drafts for $50 each month of lhoi war, A Winfield (Kan) man sent §16 and asked that his name be not used. W. Hume Elliot of Manchester, England, wrote President McKinley: “Will you kindly accept a half guinea as a very small token of a great regard for the United States and Its present high | and righteous enterprise? (t may farnish & cup of cold water to some member of | your army and navy bravely contending in the interests of humanity snd fustice, Your gracious permission to do this will confer on me a highly valuled hono ! POOR FARM AMID FLOWERS, | group of brick bulldings that ensconce the last earthly resting place of the county poor, 1s & beautiful twelve-foot walk about a quarter of a mile in length. It s lined on one side by a high cypress hedge, while on the other side is a low border of lfllies, shadowed by a row of picturesque palms. Overtopping all are waving eucalyptus branches, and just beyond the palms 18 the orange orchard, loaded with golden fruit and aromatic with the fragrance of its blos- | soms. Hundreds of tired souls have walked slowly and painfully over this pathway, the great grief in their hearts blinding their eyes to its beauties. Had their purses been lined with gold, and thelr prospective haven some hospitable hotel or mansion, their proud old heads would have boen lifted, and the faded ecyes illumined with the joy of expectancy. The pains from the eching backs would Lave passed llke fleot- Ing clouds and the feeble limbs have fe- gained the agility of youth. The number of inmates at the farm aver- sges 164 men and twenty-four women, most of whom are decrepit with age, though there are paralytic patients, epileptics, im- Dbeclles and persons with many other affiio- tions. Almost all are helpless and totally dependent on charity, but a few are able | to an 1ght labor, receiving $2.50 a month. Paupers of Los Anmelen, | A poorfarm In the midst of an orange grove Is as remarkable as & waltz in the midst of a fast day ceremony. The delighttul {nnovation of housing the homeless and unfortunate in such environ- ments, relates the Los Angeles Times, be- longs exclusively to Southern California, for Do other part of America bears record of baving done Ifkewise. Wrapped in sunbeams and wreathed with flower gardens, the Los Angeles county poortarm visibly resents the incongruity of its name, for it s rich iz all the beauties of semi-tropical verdure, rich in the pro- Quctiveness of its orchards and fields and rich In the great, permeating joy of life that trembles In every leaf and flower, transmitting the influence of its buoyancy into human hearts grown weary, dispirited and restles The farm, which comprises 339 acres and Is valued at $43,000, is conducted on prac- tical as well as scientific lines. It is the | 1dea of the management to produce a suf- {ficiency of meai, milk, butter, eggs and vegetables for use at both the county hos- pital and county poorfarm. There fs no Intention of going Into extensive agrigulture for financial profit, because such an ar- rangement would bring pauper labor Into competition with the farmers. The aim is to make the farm sustain itself, also to | make it one of the beauty spots of southern Californta. | The efforts to beautify have succeeded | well, for no city park was ever more in- | viting or “conducive of comfort than the grounds that surround the buildings. Mag- nificent palms and evergreens add dignity to the place, and form retreats for myriads of songbirds. Hundreds of immense euca Iyptus trees line the driveways, thelr hu bared trunks atanding stately like Roman- esque pillars for many feet above the { ground. Ornamental trees and shrubs are everywhere, and emerald lawns form soft carpets for weary feet. Benches are scat- tered about in the tree shadows. even find- | ing their way into the orunge orchard. | Leading from the railroad station to the vou kindly acknowledge receipt of same? | Very truly, “HELEN MILLER GOULD." To striking contrast to the gift of Miss Gould {s that of Thomas Doyle, an old sol- dier and a pensioner of St. Louls, Mo There 18 no letter from Mr. Doyle in the book, but the statement is recorded that be forwarded his pemsion voucher, prop- erly made out, to the credit of the treas- urer of the United States, each tims he re- celved it from the Pension bureau during | the time of the war. slon of $24 a month. Lilian Ranney of 107 and Ellipor J. Lawler of 130 Virginia avenue, St. Paul, were two little girls who gave a doll sbow and then sent to President McKinley the receipts. Their letter reads: “We little girls have just had a doll's show to earn some money to help you pay for the war, so we send you all we made, $1.40, and bope it will help you."” Jobn Zimmerman of Philadelphia, every month that the war lasted, sent Lis check for $50 A New York society woman wrote Presi- dent McKinley as follows: “I would like to assist you in giving my mite toward the war. It is & small amount, but it will go a little way. My prayers g0 with it.” A check for §1,000 was lnclosed, but owing He receives a pen- A large reading room has been arranged for the men and several hundred books are ‘at their disposal, books of varfous intent and character, ranging from the Bible, Shakespeare and Dickens to the frivolities of literature; and to those who can read, tbe fleld of enjoyment is vast. But best of all, they like to hobble about the grounda drinking in the pure air, picking fruits and flowers and gathering the warmth of nature into their tired hearts. Through winter and summer, without ces- sation, llke faithful friends, the flowers bloom, the fruit ripens and the sun shines. Crop. The orange crop of the Department of Agriculture will be ready for harvesting within the next few weeks, says the Wash- ington Post. This may eound a trifie strange at this latitude and sesson, when cold winds are blowing and the native trees have shed their summer follage, but with the government's men of science many things are possible, and this is one of them. Not only does the department grow apples, peaches, plums, cherries and other fruits of the temperate zone, but quite a number that are not indigenous to these latitudes, among the number being the orange. In one of its large greenhouses the department bas a small grove of orange, citron, shad- dock, lemon, Japan plum and medlar trees of no mean size. Those of the citrus family are literally burdened with the finest frult, the citrons being almost ready for har- vest. The oranges are now turning yel- low. Some are entirely so, others greem, and still others with large patches or faint streaks of golden celor. The Japan plums are now In the last stages of the bloom, the young frult being in the first stages of tormation. It Aunoyed Her. “Yes, the widow ix perplexed.” “How is that?" “She doesn’t know whether it means that her husband was a good man or she Is a vixen." “I don't understand.” *“When he died the papers said that he had gone to a happier home. Great Educa.tors. h the kindly assistance of some of ‘Throu the ablest educators in the West, we sent list of special articles whi will be almost a liberal education in themselves, On long '\nt:r 'venl:ln"l: will m ean something to you to have at your command ticles of interest to yourself, your wife and the children. SOME OF THEM. Webraska i) % ot Publlc Taammac ", SR et Rone B Bt (T e ugste 1.5 rng i Colloge. DL AR IS S @ o v seletow bk TWENTIETH CENTURY FARME 1798 Fanwan Stazer, OMana, Nui Brectal offer 1o mgents et every postoffice In the country,