Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, June 3, 1901, Page 4

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: THE ©MAHA DAILY BEE E. ROSEWATER, EDITOR. PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING, TERMS ¢ BSCRIPTION, Dally Bee (with inday), One Year. $6.00 Ruily Bee and Sunday, Oie’ Year 50 llustrated Bee, One Year 200 Bunday Bee, One Year v .00 Baturday Bee, One Year 1o Twentieth Century Farme 1.0 oF « Bullding Hall Building, Twen- r, One Year Omaha: The Bouth Om; y-fifth and M Stre Councll Bluffs: 10 Pearl Street Chicigo: 1640 Unity Bullding. New Vork: Temple Court Waghington: 501 th Street CORRESPONDENCE Communications relating to new lal matter should be addressed Editorial Department HUGINESS LETTERS Busfness letters and remittances shoiild be addressed: The Beo Publishing Com- pany, Omaha, REMITTAN Remit by draft, oxpress or postal order, 'he Bee Publishing Company t stamps accepted in pay all Accounts. Persos *{hh or eastern exch E BET and edi- Omaha ( tol B OF CIRCUI Douglag County, ss. . secrotary of The Bee mpuny, belng duly swern, the actual amber of full and coples of Dally, Morning, and Sunday printed during was as follows 18 27 040 1 47 140 15 27,060 1 27,725 £l 26,740 2 !}F‘tl! of Ne eor B Publishing says that complete Evening The 3 Heo the month of May, 191, 1 27 450 27,250 27 250 L 47.045 2710 20,920 ...97,080 .47,475 27,080 27,530 27,850 20,500 20,210 26,180 Total w8 unsold and returned coples Net total sales Net dally averag 20,805 i B TZ8CHUCK Bubscribed in my presence and sworn before me this 818t day of May, A D. 191 B, HUNGATE. Notary Public. 1 I8 sure now that Me. Kinley is au emperor. Up to this time | he merely entertained suspicions. Aguinaldo's opinfon of the supreme court decision in the tusular cases hus not yet been flashed by the popocratic yellow journals, but it may be expected under big black type almost any day. —_— Wonder if 1t will be safe for Charley Towne to expose himself to contamina tion with the Wall street plutocrats when he removes to New York? e ought to take Adlai along with him as a chaperon Des Moines put up $100,000 for the privilege of having the lowa state fair located there as a permanent thing. Lincoln ought to gratefully appreciate the generous treatment accorded to it by the legislature and state board. Official computations show Nebraska bank deposits for 1900 to have been $25,804,050, or more than $1,000,000 in excess of the deposits for 1892, ‘which has heretofore been high water mark. Not a bad showing for a farmer state. —— Henry Watterson voices the demand for a new deal for the democrats In 1904, not only in candidates but also In platform declarations. The trouble Is that the old crowd still has posses slon of the deck, although all thelr chips are gone — With the advent of the first of June the price of Texas oil stocks have gone up-on paper. A favored few, how- ever, cun get in on the ground floor if they take advantage of conditions, But It will be a toss-up whether they come out at the top story or emerge through the basement. The recognized organ of the populists in Nebraska has again come around to the point of remarking that “whenever & pass or rebate Is given a robbery is committed.” When the state house was tilled with populist pass passengers this axiom was lnid on the shelf and relegated to disuse. E— In all the hubbub over the decisions of the supreme court in the Porto Rican cases, the Porto’ Ricans who were most directly concerned seem to have taken the matter more coolly than any- on Not one of them has expressed any andible desire to go back to the conditions of the old Spanish regime, — Cinder walks are better than no walks. The cinder walk may be hard on shoes, but it is not as dangerous as 8 wooden walk, which exposes people to injurivs for which the city and prop erty owners become lable, Neither wooden walks nor einder walks should e allowea to be laid on streets where permanent grades have been established The general rule is safe to follow that in the distribution of postoffice patronage in the smaller towns recog nition should be accorded the editor of the republican paper that has fough the battles of the party and kept alive the party spirit in season and out of season. If party seryice is to be the declding factor, then the country editor will in nine eases out of ten have the strongest claim, ————— Those Scotch universities object to the conditions of Andrew Carnegie's pro- posed gift that would place the bright sons of ordinary life alongside of the #ons of earls and dukes, but they do not want to let the Carnegle millions get away from -them. The question resolves Itself into this, Can the aristo- cratic universities persuade Mr. Car- negle that their plan of using his money 18 an improvement on his plan? — The cadets dismissed from West Point have decided to abandon effort to be relpstated and to go to Kenador to engage in rallroad bullding. They have been the vietims of a yicious system which had grown up at the academy OFFICEHOLDING AND POPULISM. One term of office haw spoilt many a g0od man. After sitting for two years in bis office chair he {s not worth a cop per for anything else on earth. Nine times out of ten he becomes a wirepuller and office-seeker and is utterly useless to him. self and all the rest of mankind. The man who comes out of office and goes ac- tively into business and acts as if he never was an officeholder at all {s the chap who does some good in the world. Office- holding is a snare and a delusion. Never accept an office except as a duty you owe to the state and in return for the benefits that you bave recelved from free govern- ment. That was the 6ld populist doctrine and it {5 & good one, based, as all the pop- ulfst doctrines are, upon good, hard, com- mon sense.—~Nebraska Independent. That may have been the good old pop- ulist doctrine, but if #o all the populists are backsliders, During the whole ten years of populist activity In Nebraska not a single populist oceholder, so far as we know, has completed one term of office without looking for an exten- slon of official life, either by re-elec tiou to the same office or by promotion to another. If any of them really ac- ited office as a duty, they sought to hold onto it as a prerogative, If they found office to be a snare and a delu- sion, they did not wake up to the fact until after they were out of it. Not that this characteristic is pecullar to populists or confined to Nebraska, but Nebraska populists have displayed thelr office-seeking proclivities in the most marked degree. There is more truth than poetry, how- ever, fu the assertion that one term of office has spoiled many a good mah and a great many more haye been spoiled by two terms., Thix was evl- dently the view taken by the framers of our state constitution when they put up a bur agaiust state treasurers hold- Ing more than two terms. They might perhaps have done better to have lin ited that and all the other state offi- cers to one term of four years and save the state the expense of annual elec- tions. SOUTH AMERICA. ago a London news- paper solemuly warned the United States that German colonization of South America s part of the Kaiser's plan of empire and that the crucial test of the GERMANS 1 A short time Monroe doctrine will come | from German aggression in that quar- ter. Particular reference was had to the German colonization in South Bra- zil, which is believed to have been en- | couraged by the imperial government, | with a view to the ultimate establisl ment there of an independent govern- ment under the protection of Germany | and which would extend the Influence of that nation in South America. It is now reported from Berlin that a large number of Germans are pre- paring to emigrate to Kcuador and that the movement is belug encouraged by the government, in pursuance of the policy followed ‘in Brazil of effecting a German occupation of the country without offending the Monroe doctrine. It is stated that the Germans now in southern Brazil are strong enough to secede from the Brazillan republic and it is probable that they will before long take this step. Should they suc- ceed, says the dispatch, the new state would be nominally independent, but in reality a dependency of Germany and a colony of that empire, and Ger- many would thus obtain a strong po- litical foothold in that quarter. The Germans hope, It is declared, thus to bring South An a under thelr dom- ination without the use of arms and without giving the United States any ground for interference. The Germans have shown a great deal of commercial enterprise in South Amertea. German trade with that con- tinent hus for years been making steady progress and Is growing there more rapldly than that of any other country. But that the German government has any such purpose, in encournging col- onization and the extension of trade with South América, seems quite in- credible. If the German settlers in Brazil should determine to establish an independent government that wounld be a matter for Brazil alone to deal with, but in the event of Germany giving assistance to such a movement there would be ground for the applcation of the Monvoe doctrine and there can be no doubt that it would be applied. It is, however, unlikely that the Ger- mans in South Brazil seriously con- template secession and the formation of an independent government, There Is no evidence that they are dis- sutistied with existing conditions and it is not apparent in what way they would be better off with an independ- ent government. At all events, if the kaiser and the German expansionlsts are really dreaming of a new Ger- many in South America they will be wise to dismiss the idea, for nothing of the kind is practicable, Let Ger- many go on pushing its trade In that continent with all possible vigor. To her enterprise in this direction there can be no objection But any sattempi to plant her political influence there would encounter vigorous oppositiou and inevitable defeat, e e 4 PUZZLING QUESTION. The question as to the application of the supreme court decisions to the Philippines Is perplexing thé admints tration. The president has asked At- torney neral inox for an opinion as to the constitutional effect of the ex- tablishment of civil government In the Philippines under the sanction of the Spooner law, as to which thére s wile dlvergence of views. The tariff prob- lem s of chigf importance. Accord- ing to Washington dispatches, Senators Lodge and Proctor, who are on the Philippines committee, are firmly of the opinion that under the decisions of the supreme court the tariff en Philippines goods is destroyed. These senators, it is sald, do net thiuk any tariff-making can be done by the Taft commission or by the president under the Spooner act. Whether the president could still, through the commission, keep the Spun- | slon that followed the drouth and panic. ish tariff in effect or by executive or- and, though the general public endorses the radleal measures deemed necessary to break it up, it will sincerely hope thut the young men wmay wore than retrieve thewselves ~ der under his military powers I8 what the attorney general Is asked for nn opinion on. It would seem that there could be uo controversy as to the differemce be- tween the Foraker act and the Spooner amendment to the arwy bill. The former provides a schedule of govern ment for the regulation and control of affairs in Porto Rico, ncluding a tarlff regulution. The Spooner amend- ment delegates certain general powers to the president, but says pothlag in regurd to tariff. Indeed, when It proposed in the senate to give the com- mission created by the Spooner reso Intlon express authority to make a tariff for the Philippines the proposi tion received no consideration, repub- lican senators urging that it would cause o protracted tariff debate and possibly intensity the feeling produced by the Porto Rico tariff. This fact welghs strongly against the contention that under the Spooner amendment the president bhas authority to prescribe a tariff for the Philippine It appears, ulso, that some repub Hean senators doubt the wisdom of e tablishing civil government in the archi pelago at once, or until it could be shown that the new government would have something llke as much power as would be surrendered when the mili- tary power comes to an end. There Is danger, however, fn delaying the es- tablishment of civil government in the Phillppines. Thus the decisions of the urt have complicated the and increased its dificulties. It is y sible that it may yet be found ne sury to eall an extra session of con gress to deal with the proble but this will lurgely depend upon the na ture of the opinion given by the attor- ney general. wils suprewe situation AT THE CRUSSKUADS. The natural law that governs the growth of individuals also governs the growth of communities. Under the law of the survival of the fittest, the man who fafls to keep pace in the race is distanced and plowed under. When a city censes to progress, it goes ba ward and drops out of the running with its commercial competitors. In this ever moving and ever changing world there I8 no such thing as stauding still, Omaha has fully recovered from the financial disaster and general depres- It has reached a crossrond when enter- prise and energy may send It forward at leaps and bounds or indifference and in- action may relegate it to the rear while its competitors are forging to the front. With a clear perception of the forces at its command, Omaha can double its population within the next ten years and possibly even sooner, First and foremost, Omaha must bear in mind that this 18 an Industrial era. The growth of great cities all over the world during the closing years of the | nineteenth century has been brought about by marvelous industrial develop- ment by which human energy has been centralized in production. The great cities of the world are the cities that give steady employment to the greatest number of wage workers. The shipping interests and the jobbing interests are secondary to the manufacturing luter- ests. The tendency of the times Is for manufacturers to deal directly with the retailers. As a distribution center Omaha al- ready enjoys superior advantages, Omaha's greatest need is mills and fa torles. It does not necessarily follow that only large mills and colossal fa. torles are desirable. On the contrar the greatest manufacturing centers have been built up by the encouragement of small workshops that have been en- larged from time to time as the demand for their products warranted. At this stage of its growth Omaha can best promote its future prosperity by bending all energles upon the acquisi- tlon of more home factories. With an increase of its factory output, the dis- tribution will take care of itself and with an increase of its working popu- lation the retail trade will expand of its own accord. e The commercial fishing industry in lowa furnishes employment for 7,059 people and gives to the public a food product valued at $827,014. This is ex- clusive of the vast number of fish caught by sportsmen and people who do not put their product on the mar- ket. The despised buffalo fish leads in commercial value and the bhomely catfish comes next. Those inclined to think the money wasted that Is spent preserving and increasing the fish sup- ply should consider these figures. It 1s not all done to give people a chance for a pleasure outing. By the way, the report about new switches and sidetracks being added to the facilities afforded by the stock yards compuny ralses the question us to whetlier the extensive trackage now belonging to that company, from which it derives a snug enue each year, is lsted for taxation at figures anywhere near what the assessment should be, It is dollurs to doughnuts that this valuable property is almost wholly escaping the taxgatherer, while other property owners have to make good its share, Chieago’ school board has turned down a proposition to introduce tl free iext book system into the lower grades of the public schools of that city. Omaha, bowever, continues to furnish fat pickings and continuous changes of text books for the school book trust. One of our local contemporaries sounds the alarm over the prospective life Insurance trust. There Is not balf as much damage threatened to the - tercsts of this section by a life insu ance teust as theve is already inflicted by the existing fire lnsurance trust. Michigan has now unearthed a kid naping suspeet whose skill could only have been acquired by having had o hand m the Cudaby case. We were proposed ferry may il a long felt want, but why should the county commission ers give away a ten-year franchise for e Providence favors the striking chinists and all the striking machinists In Providence have returned to work with ten lours’ pay for nine honrs' work. Whether Omaha has taken front rank as o musical eity is not material so long a8 Omaha 1s willing to support an annual musieal festival —_— Gospel of Toll. Saturday Evening Post Hard work in the present means regrets in the future. Worth Waliting For. Washington Post It will take sevoral years to see what kind of an officer and a gentleman an un- hazed West Point cadet will make. But the experiment is worth waiting for. Progreas Stahs a Toe. Washington Post It appears that the growth of the Ohlo mothers' congress was stunted by an im- practical woman, who insisted on having a married woman for presiding officer. The Country nfe. Loulsville Courler-Journal “The corpuscular hypothesis succeeds the atomic and we now have an electric base of matter,” says the Boston Globe. We belleve it s now safe to announce that the Lean corner has been smashed. A Remote Contingency. Indlanapolls Journal It the time ever comes that a congress elected by the people cannot be trusted, nor the people themselves trusted to elect a better one, the country will indeed be past saving. But that time is far distan:. Good Friend to Lean On. Brooklyn Eagle To stand by the United States is never an error. To trust the sense and justice of the American people is never a mis- take. To believe that what ought to be will be and that what ought to be Is con- stitutional is to bank on certaluty. To live should be to learn, and live and learn is the sincore und friendly advice we give to those who should rest no hope of re- pute on the limentably large number of occasions and {ssues In which they have despaired of their country and misjudged Its citlens tow Plain English in Demand. Hariford Courant. Bome of the young gentlemen now busy over their books in the law schools or law offices will ‘be delivering the opinion of the court long before the clock strikes 1060. That is an additional reason why all those young gentlemen (since the wisest of us cannot pick out the future judges now) should be incited and required to study two or three (at least) of the John Marshall desisions, for the style no less than for the matter. He sald what he had to say in simple, straightforward English —every time. The ability to do that is worth having, and it is much rarer among the eminent occupants of the bench than it ought to be, Deatiny of Cuba. $t. Louls Globe-Democrat. The iogical course for Cuba, of course, Is annexation to the United States, and that course will ultimately be taken. It Is about balf a cemtury ago since Ever- ett, Fillmore's scoretary of state, told France and Eogland, which wanted to have the United States join with them in a pledge mot to attempt the acquisition of Cuba, that the fate of Cuba was a purely American question, in which the United States had & paTAmount interest, and in which the outside world, except Spain, the owner of Cuba, would not be permitted to intertere. Evorett, in that utterance, volced the views of every American statesman from the days of Jefferpon onward. Every Amer- fcan statesmam of any prominence for the last 100 years bas looked upon Cuba in the light of an ultimate acquisition of the United States. This attitude of the Amer- ican people has not changed. Cuba, by the free voice af Its people, will one day become United States territory, but it will try independence first. —_— OUR TRADE WITH EUROPE. Growing in One Direction, Stationary in Another. New York World 1o strong contrast with the almost sta- tionary condition of our commerce with the Central and South American states for the last ten years is the great growth of our commerce with Europe during the same period. Within that decade our total exports of merchandise to all European countries in- creased from $704,798,047 to $1,040,167,763, The total of our imports from all European countries {s another story. It actually diminished from $469,30 in 1891 to $440,- 667,314 in 1900. It is our export trade only with Europe that has increased. The exact net increase, including both imports and exports, of our European commerce was $316,631,638 during the same ten years in which our trade with all the states of Cen- tral and South America has remained at & standstill. Mexico alone of all the Ameri- can countries to the south of us shows an increase in her commerce with the United States in the .ame period amounting In round figures to $21,600,000. LAS YEAR'S BURNINGS, Fire Losses the United & Pluced at $160,000,000. Hartford Courant Agajn we recelve from the Chronicle company that always interesting compila- tion, the “Fire Tables.” They make the fire wastes of 1900—this is the Chroni- cle's phrase, and a good phrase, too—$160,- 920,805, The vear cost the insurance com- panies $05,403,600. Since 1807 there has been @ steady Increase In the number of fires especially of the so-called small fires—in the waste of property and In the calls upon the underwrlters. And nothing, practlcally, 18 done to check it. Our con- temporary thinks that carelessness (with watches, cigar stubs, etc.) should be “‘pen- allzed,” as crime/is. How would our con- temporary set about it? Last year's fres burned 151 American tair and exposition bulldings, fifteen armo- nine art galleries, seventy-elght buildings, scventy-nine collage bulldings, 143 clubhouses, nine convents, forty-six court houses, threc customs houses, two dry docks, twenty-five electric power houses, fitty-four gas works, eleven government bulldings, 164 grain elevators, seven gymnasiums public and society halls, seventy-three hospital build- ings, 1,821 hotels, 34 Ice houses, sixty-four Jalls, nineteen public libra- rles, 1,301 liquor stores, seventeen pub- le markets, nine ship yards, sixteen penl; tentlary and reforiatory buildings, forty- seven police and fire department stations, 266 postofMices, seven powder mills, 470 printing houses, 142 rallroad bridges, foity- one car shops, 331 statlon bulldings, forty roundhouses, forty-eight raflroad stables. asylum Just about 1o remark that it was time once niore tc resurrect o newly-fledged lirood of Crowes, ——Tmememem The proposed new ferry between South Omaha and Manawa will, It 1s asserted, save sixteen miles to people who want to wake the trip. If this be true, the 943 restaurants, twelve rinks, 728 school hous thirty-one seminary bulldings, two state houses, 133 theaters and opera housss 140 tobacco barns, 332 veseels at wharves or on rivers, fifty-nine wharves, elghty wind- mills and forty-two water tanks. The number of losured dwellings and tenements burned In this country last year was 49,204, of Insured barns, stables, grabaries, ete. 14,678, | part of the work in turning the state IN NEBRASKA'S POLITICAL Bancroft Blade (rep.): The appointment of Editor Richmond of the Wausa Enter prise-Herald as postmaster of Wausa shows determinatfon upon the part of the ad ministration, both state and national, to credit the newspaper boys with a back fnto the republican ranks Paplllion Times (dem.). Governor Sav- age says he is going to knock a few sine cures higher than a kite. We have heard this sort of promise before. Governor Sav- age may mean what he says, but not every man ix permitted to do as he deems best But if he does abolfsh a lot of offices whose | salaries | holders do nothing but draw fat from the state treasury he will earn the hearty plaudits of the people Papillion Tiwes (dem.) The reform forces of Nebraska should quit quarreling about which party shall furnish the can- didate for judge of the supreme court. The first question to be decided Is, Who is the best man for the place? And when that question is decided the other questions should be forgutten Nebraska's supreme court has been the victim of too much politics for a quarter of a century. Broken Bow Republican: It is painful to see how profoundly silent the demo-pop papers of this vicinity are about the suit brought by a republican attorney-general agalnst ex-Becretary Porter to compel him to turn into the state treasury the mouey be carried away with him belongiug to the state 1t was not so when Bartley was found to be a defaulter. There still seems to be a difference as to whoso ox Is gored Sliver Creek Times (pop.): Nebraska's at- torney general has notified our friend Porter that he must put up 3.80, which he held out on account of the stocks and brands commission. Of course he should, but he don't teel inclined to do so. The fact of the matter is that our ex-secretary knows that they can’'t make him, for the collection of the money was illcgal and the state is not entitled to it us a matter of legal right and, as he bas it in his pocket, he don't feel like making the state a present of it. We are sorry, for we did hope that none of our pop- ullst officers would work the Gene Moore racket Schuyler Quill (pop.): J. Sterling Morton in his paper, the Conservative, advocates the organization of a new party and thinks that a national conyention should be called for that purpose. The new party, he zays, should declare for the gold standard and against government ownership of railroads, capals and steamship lines. His views are #0 nearly llke those of republicans that he might as well get into the republican hand- wagon. That a party can be organized on the lines lald down by Morton is very im- probable, and If it were it would have an extremely small following. A new party which would gather together the Bryan democrat, the popullst and the silver re- publican into one organization would be for the best interests of the country. Such an organization might march on to victory, but the one suggestion by J. Sterling is figment of the imagination and there is about as much need for it as there is for another republican administration. Beatrice Democrat: The Columbus Tele- gram and Crete Democrat are very much perturbed because a thorough investigation develops the fact that the late popocratic state officers were more susceptible of bribery and a cheaper lot than the re- publcans. It s shown that where the re- publican official asked for a pass for him- self and family for a pleasure trip to the mountains or seashore he also demanded enough money to pay expenses, while the pop official could be put off with passes alone, though he usually placed a very broad limit upon his demands for the paste- boards. So far as the Democrat is con- cerned, it has found human nature to be about the same everywhere. The pass hun- ter is in no way changed by quitting the republican party and joining the pops. While a pass is a valuable thing, given for a consideration, its use has become a cus- tom, and very few public officers of any party refuse to be bribed by them Hastings Tribune (rep.): Governor Sav- age has given it out cold that all the “soft snaps” will have to go and the people who have been fifing them will have te once more go out into the wide, wide world to try and make an honest living. This is as it should be, for these ‘‘soft snaps" were created by the fusionists in order to accom- modate a certain crowd of their ever-faith- ful followers who became one of them purely because they believed in holding office as long und as often as possible. But, no doubt, this was the way they had counted upon reforming politics, and they certalnly succeeded in that une particular thing. As an f{llustration of how these ‘‘snaps’ are held, Governor Savage cites the State In- stitution for the Blind at Nebraska City, where there are ‘orty-eight inmates and thirty employes, while at the Deaf and Dumb Institution at Omaha the same condi- tions exist. This Is almost as bad as a holdup in broad daylight and canmot be abolished any too soon BRIEFS FROM THE STATE PRESS, Louisville Courier: Nebraska wants no bull fights. Nebraska people will not stand for It, and Governor Savage s asked to put & damper on it in the start. South Omaha is libeling Nebraska in advertising a bull fight and should be enfoined from turther disgracing the fair pame of the state. Hayes County Republican: Considerable excitement Is reported 1o be on tap in the vicinity of Stratton over an alleged gold find, and a large number of claims are sald to have already becn staked out. The chances are that some farmer bas been aking the accumulated dust out of his trousers pockets up there. Greeley Leader: The state of Nebraska will scarcely ever know bow much it owes to Governor Furnas and J. Sterling Mor- ton for the gospel of tree planting they have preached and practiced for so many years. Many who' had been brought up under this gospel's benign influence fur- ther east and brought all sorts of tree secds with them when they settled on the “tree- less waste,” received fresh inspiration from their exhortations and successes and are making the commonwealth the veritable paradise of verdure of which It Is capable. PERSONAL Sir Edwin Arnold's health contioues to fail rapidly. He Is altogether blind and goes out driving only bout once a week. but continues his literary work by means of dictation During the months of April and Muy, New York City had but fqurteen days of sun shine. Raio fell on thirty-seven days, mak- ing a total fall of 13.79 inches of water where the regular supply is uniimited A lawyer In a Pennsylvania court grew 50 warm {u his argument that a number of matches in his pocket were Ignited, set fire to his coat and unwittingly he presented himself to the court literally in a blaze of eloquence. General Lew Wallace is hard at work upon his autobiography and recently made & trip to Kentucky to confer with some vet- crans, from whom he gathered data for a description of the battle of Sbiloh, which will be included When asked the other day as to the ques tlon he ralsed coucerning the syntactl number of the United States, ex-Secretary John W. Foster said: “I think, after all, the best answer is that ot the cartoonist ‘Between ourselves the United States are NOTES. plural, but between ourselves and any other nation the United States s singu- lars " goodly | | Sun's book reviewer devotes nearly a page | ages and incapable of civilization IFE IN THE PHIL Frederick M. 8awyer, an Englithman who has resided in the Philippines for fourteen years, has published the results of his ob- servations In a volume entitled, “‘Inhab- itants of the Philippines.”” The New York to a sumwary of the author's observations and conclusions, some of which are par- ticularly instructive to Americans at this time A noteworthy feature of Mr. Saw- yer's work is his favorable estimate of the inhabitants. He says he found his clients punctual fu their payments, and his em ployes, whether workmen or servants, skillful, industrious and grateful. As re gards the accusatfon of their belng sav- accusa tlons made by American politiclans for campulgn purposes—the author reminds us that the Tagals treated their prisoners of war, both Spanish and American, with hu manity, and in that respect may challenge comparison with the conduct of more pre- tentious nations. Writing before the outbreak of the in- surrection agalnst American authority, Mr. Bawyer testifiex that “the Tagals make good soldlers and can narch long distances barefooted. They gave proofs of pluck and endurance when assisting the French in Tonquin. If well led they will advance re- gardless of danger; when once engaged they become frenzied and bloodthirsty, most dificult to reetrain. They are not improved by being made to wear gloves, boots, hel- mets and European uniforms.” As sailors are unsurpassed In the east. They navigate their schooners aud lorchas with much skill, although the rigging and outft are seldom kept in thorough order, unless they have a Spanish captain. They serve both as sailors and firemen in the coast- wise steamers belonging to Manila, and they manned all the smaller vessels of the Spanish navy in the Philippines. Most of the British and foreign steamers in the far east carry Manila men as quarter- masters. The Tagals are considered to be the most skillful helmsmen As clerks and storckeepers Mr. Sawyer found the Tagals honest, assiduous and well-behaved. As draughtsmen they wore fairly skillful io drawing from hand sketches, and excelled in copylug or trace ing, but were quite untrustworthy in taking out quantities and computing. When doing business with the 1 s our author found that the elder men could be trusted. ‘It 1 gave them credit,” says he, “for ome or two years, which was often the c 1 could depend upon the money being pald when due, unless some calamity, such as a flood or a conflagration, had rendered ft impossible for them to find the cash. In such an event, which seldom happened, they would advise me of their inabllity beforehand, and perhaps bring a portion of the money, giving an Interest-bearing note for the remainder, and never denying the debt. I never made a bad debt among them, and gladly testify to their punctilious honesty. When dealing, on the other hand, with the younger men, who bad been educated in Manila, in Hong Kong or even in Eu- rope, Mr. Sawyer observed that the idea of the sacredness of an obligation had been eradicated and that no sufficient sense of honor had been implanted in its stead. “I may say that, whilst the unlettered agriculturist, with his old-fashioned garb and quiet, dignified manner, {nspired me with the respect due to an honest and worthy man, the feellng evolved from a discussion with the younger and educated men, dressed in European clothes, who had been pupils n the Ateneo Municipal or in (the University of) Santo Tomas, was less favorable, and it became evident to me that, although they might be more in- structed than their fathers were, they were morally below them.” Elsewhere, the author points out that to take a young native lad away from his parents to place him in a corrupt capital like Manila- and to cram him with the Intricacies of Span- ish Jaw, while probably In all those who surround him there is not a single honest and upright man to whom he can look for precept and example, is to deprive him of whatever good principles of action he may once have possessed, whilst giving him no guide for his future conduct. “He acquires the European vices without the virtues; loses his native modesty and self- respect, and develops too often into a cou- temptible pettifogger instead of becoming an honest farmer.” The more educated Tagals, it seems, are fond of litigation, and with the assistance of native or half-caste lawyers will carry on the most frivolous and vexatious lawsuits, with every artifice that cunning and utter unscrupulousness can suggest. They will shamelessly per- jure themselves or suborn witnesses. It is sald that blank stamped paper of any year can be obtained for the purpose of | forging documents relating to the sale of land. The corrupt nature of the Spanish courts was a mainstay t& such people. On the whole, Mr. Sawyer bears witness that there 1s much that {3 good in the Tagal, much to like and admire. The fact, however, must not be lost sight of that the piratical blood is strong in him yet. “He requires restraint and guldance from those who have a higher stendard for their agtions than he has. Left to himself, he would infallibly relapse Into savagery. At the same time he will not be governed by brute force and, under oppression or contu- mellous treatment, he will abandon the plains, rotire to the mountains and lead & predatory life. Although not just or truth- ful himself, he can recognize and revere truth and justice in a master or governor. Courageous himself, only a courageous man can win his respect. He is grateful and whoever can secure his veneration and gratitude will have no trouble tn leading him.” As we have seen, our author test! fies to the Tagal’s excellence in many handi- crafts and callings. Mr. Sawyer is di=posed | to doubt, however, whether the Tagals pos- sess the mental and moral equipment for any of the liberal professions. *I should not ike,” he says, “to place my affairs fu the hands of o Tagal lawyer, (o (rust my life In the bands of a Tagal doctor or to purchase an estate on the falth of a Tagal surveyor's measurement. | do not say that they are wll untrustworthy or that they can never become fit for the bigher call- ings, but they are not fit for them now, and 1t will take a long time and a completely changed system of education before they can become fit. What they want are ex- amples of a high type of honor and morality that they could look up to and strive to imitate.” The most numerous and, after the Tagal, the most Important race in the Philippines is the Visaya, formerly called the Pin tados, or painted men, from the blue tat- tooing which was practiced at the time of the Spanish conquest. To this race be longs the mass of the inhabitants of the six considerable islands called Visayas, and lying between Luzon and Mindanao. This poeple have a language of thelr own, whereof there are several dialects. In appearance the Visayas differ somewhat from the Tagals, exhibiting a greater re- semblance to the Malays of Bornco and Malacca. The men wear their halr longer than the Tagals, and the women wear a patadium, fnstead of a saya and a tapls The patadium is a plece of cloth a yard wide and over two yards long, the ends of which are sewn together. The wearer steps into it and wraps It around the figure from the walst downward, doubling it over on the front into & wide fold, and tucking It securely at the walst. The saya, on the other hand, is & made skirt tied at the walst with & tape, and the satin, doubled around the waist over the saya. Mr. Sawyer says that o disposi tion the Visayas are loss soclable and bos pitable than the Tagals; they are also less clean in their persons d clothing The basis of their food ie rice, with which they often mix maize. They are export fishermen and consume large quantities of fish. They flayor their fopd with red pep per to @ greater extent than do the Tagals Tn smoking and chewing betel they ble the other races of the archipelage They are great gamblers, and take delight in cock fightiag. They arc fond of hunting and kil numbers of wild pig and deer They cut the flesh of the deer into thin strips and dry it fn the sun, after which it will keep & long time. They bulld ca noes and other light craft, and they ar. very self-confident on the water. Our author sums up the resulte of his observations In the remark that “tho Visayas are a promising race, and I feel sure that, when they bave a good gov ernment that will not extort too heavy taxes from them, nor allow the native and half-caste usurers to eat them up, thelr agriculture and industries will sur prisingly increase.” Mr. Sawyor adds that it 18 to the Visagas that tho American government must ook to provide a militin that will first hold in check, and ultimately subjugate, the piratical Moros of Mindanao and Paragua. “The fighting qualities of this race, developed by centuries of com- bat in defense of hearths and homes agalost Mohammedan aggressors, will be found quite adequate, if they are well-armed and led, to annihilate the Moro power within a very few year —ee IMAX OF NATIONAL CREDIT. That of the United States the Beat in the World, Saturday Evening A few years ago the credit of the United States was good, but not remarkable. Somo Buropean financiers professed to doubt It Even at homo there were people who sald that they were uncertaln. We were bor- rowing money nominally at 4 and 5 per cent and actually at between 3 and 4 per cent When somebody suggested at that time that United States bonds were really as good as Britlsh consols, an English paper re sented the suggestion as an “{nsult Today the verdict of the market fs that the credit of the United States is not only 800d, but the best in the world, and not only the best, but so incomperably the best that, as In the first America's cup race, there 15 no second. British consols returr ing thelr purchasers 4% per cent intereat the first year, 2% per cent the second and 2% per cent annually for twenty years thereafter have just sold at 94%. United States 2 per cents are selling at 106%5. Ger- man imperial 3 per cents have been golng in Frankfort at 86 and French 3 per cents in Parls at 101. Russian 4 per cents ha been offered at par and United States 4 per cents of 1925 have brought 140. The market's judgment of the compara- tive merits of natlonal securities is based on very good reasons. United States bonds have a speclal value as a basls for bank issues, but private Investors find them at tractive, too. If all other conditions were absolutely equal they would be better than British consols, for they offer an assured income without any deductions whatever. while the British government promises to pay a certain rate of Interest, and then keeps back as much as it chooses under the name of {ncome tax. It chooses to bold out 6 per cent thls year—next year it may keep 10 per cent, or a quarter or a half. But the other conditions are not equal. The United States carries by far the light- est burden of debt that is borne by any great natlon In the world. When people in Europe look in statistical almanacs they are decelved by the statement that the national debt of the United States s over $2,000,000,- 000. Even that would be considered small {u Europe but, as a matter of fact, it is more than twice as much as we really owe. Our actual national debt In the European sense 18 less than $1,000,000,000. All the rest fs represented by non-interest-bearing bonds and certificates of deposit for which we hold practically dollar for dollar of cash in the treasury. The bonded debt of Great Brit- aln was about $3.200,000,000 a year ago, and fs over $3,000,000,000 now. The debt of France is about $6,000,000,000, and that of Rusela over $3,600,000,000. The other Eu- ropean natfons are proportionately loaded, vet the United States could easlly afford to carry a heavier debt than any of them. If we manage our affairs with reasonable | prudence we shall be substantially out of debt within ten years. Then we shall pro- { sent the annoyinz spectacle of a nation with | pertect credit and no need for it, while the countries that want the credit will not have it. —— BREEZY REMARKS, Boston Globe: Mistress—Bridget, | cai.- not allow you to have your sweetheart in the kitchen auy more, Bridget—Oh, mum, t's very kind of vou, but I'm afruid he's oo bashiul to come w5 irto the drawing room. Chicago Record-Herald: Jones—Some of the spring hats look like strawberry shori cnkes, Smith—My daughter has got one that is the llving image of ‘an'open-top rhubaih Chicago Tribune: * 1 suj ; 0 s ppome you people here are boring new ofl wells every the stranger sald. the business-like % renponded exan, “‘would, indeed. be running things 1nto the ground. We fid It casier whd aes profitable to bore into the pockets of the tenderfeet,"” Indlanapolls News anxlous, and she seel o ahall reter you tc a becoming blush, final answer.' “But T am’ pertectly willin without any reference,’ imously was obvious! ned almost willing ' uid she, with efore giving you a to take you sald he magnan- Washington 8tar: “An election to office ught to be consldered one of the highest Bifts a community can bestow on x man." “It s, answered Senator Sorghum, ‘It improves his standing Immediately. Out my way It {s regardd as a sure sign that @ man has money or Is going to get some." Detroit Journal: “He certainly has some of the elements of a real poet!" “Why, ! Not long 4go, in competition with Upwards of 5 6ihets far a BFiss <fr fered for a celebration ode, ho 8tood 4t the foot of the list, and by a good comfortable margin, too! P ———. LATER ON. Plitsburg Chronfole Telegraph There'll be kicks about the heat, Later on: There'll Bo BEoWlx from all we meet, Later on: Every feflow will declare That It's mighty hard to hear, And will wish for chilly uff, Later o, They will oft express regret, Later on; When thelr brows and cheeks are wet rhat ru SO rhat rude gibes ‘they used to fing At'the hackwardness of spring And they'll yéarn for winds that sting, Later on. High the mercury will rise, Lator, on, And 014 Sol blaze In the skies, Later o Al electric tans 'will whizz, And the soda founts will fizz And the heat will fairly slzz, Later on They'll be sorry that they growled, Later on, And at fuel dealérs scowled, Later on; For the man who sells them fce Wil exact u heavy price For a measly little slice. Later on Hear in mind that Later on; Comtort vainly will be sought, Later ‘on; . 8o when springtime days are cold n't about the weather seold, twill be hot tapis s a breadth of dark cloth, silk or r there'll e heat uncontrolled, Later on,