Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, June 22, 1895, Page 11

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: SATURDAY, JUNE 22, 18903, SEmmmm——e— TAE FIELD OF ELECTRICITY Details of Anothor Plan to Pleco a Curb | Bit on Niagera, WHEELS SUSPENDED FRCM A BRDGE! S | Electric Power on Rallroads Gradually In- ereasing—The Summer Fan & Agent — Development Varlous Lines. s 8 Coole in | Alonzo C. Mather, a Buffalo inventor, has applied to the governor of New York for | permission to harness Niagara in a manner | radically different from the costly plans now | approaciiing completion at the Falls, Instead | of stove-banked cavals, power pits and tun- | nels for carrying off tho waste water, Mr. Mather proposes to throw a bridge over the river just above the rapids, and by means | of mammoth undershot wheels develop an almost unlimited amount of power. As 800n a8 the necessary permission Is ob- | tained an cxperimental span will be erected | and run sufficlently long to give it aghors ough trial. It will abutments | supporting a eteel trus seventy foet above the water and a steel | girder supy a steel undershot This wheel is 200 foet long and forty feet in | diameter, and its bearings are mounted on | four powerful hydraulic cylimders by which it can be raised Instantly ten feet above the river or sunk ten feet into the current. Al- though the wheel is 200 feet long, Mr. Mather claims that it s so perfectly constructed and braced that it will have the same power of resistance that an ordinary twenty-foot wheel has, and possess as much rigidity. Of course the power generated from this wheel could not be taken from the axle, but Instead is taken from the circumference by link belts, running up into the bridge. These belts have tighteners, which keep them al- ways taut and help to regulate the strain The wheel will weigh over 500,000 pounds. The bridge Is eo designet as to have at one side a house containing the dynamos, next it a roadway and tank for electrical cars and finally a footway. The brilge, when completed, will have ten spans. Probably not more than three or four power wheels will be hung beneath it. The transformation of the power generated. by the wheel Into electricity presents no particular difficulty, but the amount of horse power so produced cannot well be estimated. It would depend on the depth to which the wheel entered the t, but engineers differ considerably in lculations as to the results obtain- The bill authorizing the construction of the bridge passel by the last legislature provides that the work must be commenced within two years and finished within five yea: but that this period shall not begin until the permission of the Canalian govern- | ment {s obtained, provided this is granted Within two years, To complele the structure will cost several millions of dollars, but if it succeels, Mr. Mather says, Buffalo will be the greatest electrical wondor of the world and he has the utmost faith in his project. He has de- vote! five years to the subject and in experi- ments and expert advice of engineers has spent some thousands of dollars. He is the icventer of the Mather stock car, of which over 2,000 are now in use, and several other contrivances, including a’selt- lacing_glove. ELECTRIC POWER ON RAILROADS Electricity 1s steadily crowding into the domain of steam as a rallroad motive power. The Pennsyivania railroad, it Is expected, will soon operate an electric line from Wash- ington to Alexandria. The New York Central is said to be considering the proposition to substitute electricity for steam on the New York & Putnam railroad, a line cf fifty miles in length, that runs northeasterly from New York City through the Harlem valley, It is qulte likely that the change of motive power will_be entirely -unobjectionable, for the:e will be no decrease of speed and there surely will be increase of cleanliness and a greater number of trains. Should electric motors be installed on the New York & Putnam road there soon may follow direct electric car communication between New York City and Boston, for the New York & Putnam would provide that desirable and necessary some- thing—entrance into New York City. The introduction of electricity on the Nan- tasket branch of the New. York, New Haven & Hartford lines and the studies which the New York Central road is making o deter- mine its suitability for the Buffalo & Nia- gara Falls branch of that system have been noticed widely in the papers, but a Freach journal, the Revue Generale des Uhomins de Fer, states that the Paris, Lyons & Medit errancan rallway has been operating a short | branch by electric’ty for over a year, #0 that it is probable that the Amerlcan railways cannot claim priority in the use of the new system of propulsion. This French line is quite short and is used chiefly as a coal road. ¥rom Clapier, a small station on the St Etlenne & Langeac div'sion, It rises for five- elghths of a.mile on a 6.6 per cant grade to Montmarte, and then runs for a mile to the mines over more level ground, the maximum grade being but 1.4 per cent. The steeper part 1s operated by a cable at the top of the incline, so arranged that efght loaded cars in descending drag up as many empty cars. The remainder of the line has two tunnels along its length, one of which was subject | formerly to frequent cave-Ins. These caused annoying delays in the operation of the line and led to the lining of the tunnel with tim- ber. This part of the road had been op- erated by steam locomotives, but as they we of course, unsuited for use in a timber lin tunnel, electricity was adoptel in place of steam. The current is distributed by a rail placed on blccks at one side of the track in the manner adopted on the Intramural railway at the Columbian exposition. The locomotive hauls eight empty cars over the steepest part of the line at a speed of three and three fourths miles an hour and five miles an hour elsewhere. The trip, with the loaded cars, being on a descending grade, is made some- what more quickly. From twelve to fifteon trains aro run each way daily and the con- sumption of coal is said to be a trifle less than with the steam locomotives used pre- viously. AN ELECTRIC SOLUTION. The Philadelphians are greatly exercised over the big statue of Willlam Penn which surmounts the tower of their fine city hall As the figure now stands it fages the old Penn Treaty park, the point at which Penn landed, and the right arm is extended in that direction. From the entire southern section of the city only the back of the statue is visible, whil: from the extreme east and west only a profile view of Penn's features can be obtained. A local engineer has concefved the novel idea that the way to e everybody would be to make the statue olve, and the common council has set | about putting the idea into execution. The statue s to be removed from its fastening on a permanent plane and bolted to a re volving plane, so that it will turn complotely around once in twenty-four hours. The tow r{ 15 to be supplied by a central shaft driven by electrical machinery. The revolution of shaft of the statue is to b slow its movement will not be perceptible. also proposed to place permanent marks on the base of the north, south, east and west polnts, and on the revolving base to indicate the thme of day. These marks are to repre- ont 12 o'clock midnight, 9 a. m., 3 and 6 p. m. For the further conveni of the | publle it is contemplated to illuminate the | statue at night by electric light, so that the time of da be discerned at all times. TELEPHONE IMPROVEM Among recent telephone an attachment for neutralizing disagree- able sounds produced in the telophone by induction, and enabling the harer to concen- trate himself on the ccnver:ation he ks listen- ing to, undisiurbed by surrouniing noises A ‘cushion of soft gum rubber is fitted into & metal rim that clamps over the end of the | telephone recelver. Thls cushion is adjusted 80 as to glve exactly the right distance be tween the diaphragm and the ear drum, and 1s sald to improve the hearing of telephone talk fully 50 per cent. As the cushion is large enough to entirely close the ear, the ad- vantage of a eound-proof booth is practically sccured. Another Ingenolus attachment ha been devised for telephones to be used in factorles and shops where the din is so great | that it is almost impossible to hear the call | of the instrument consists of a steam whistle, which {s turned on by means of & lever operated by magustism. When a | call is made, the bell rings, ar usual, but the | current then passes through a maguet, and & welght s reloased which pulls the whistle have stone a bridge sixty-five or srting wheel the | that It is tmprovements 1s | abi | taurant | electrical { fan | travel 500 feet a minute, with ten to thirty | vertea | company cor lever, The whistle keeps tp its warning note until some ono answers the call and torns off the steam, which is dona by replacing tho welght. l THE SUMMER FAN ! There in Just now mors activity in the sale of motor fans than 4n any branch of elso- trical business, and eloctric fans will bo. more common’ than tewing machines publie 1s heginning to realiza how much ex- emption trom discomfort in hot woather Je- | pends upon this bandy ltile s In offics It quickly pays for (s it en s a man to de his h share of work on days when the poople down (n the strect are mopping their brows and blocking the sid: walk around the thermometer. In a private house it Is useful in a ways, and | placed at night in a bedroom it hrings r freshing sleep instcad of the weary waicoful- ness of a cloge, stifling atmosphere. A ro proprietor of Los Angeles gives to | the el=otric fan the credit of saving him fr bankruptey. In certain weather th 1 his kitchen became so pervasive that ft w driving all his customers away. After vainly trying difteront remedios, he had a larze fan 0 fixed that all the fumes of the cooki were drawn up a shaft and passed int outer alr. The difforence In the atmospher of the restaurant was not lost on the pub- le; the business returned, and soon went beyond all former records. A writer in an | electrical journal tells of an experience in a factory gallery where huge vats were sim- mering. The coolest Tan in the factory w the attendant standing over the vats, who was briskly blown upon by a little fan motor. In another case a valuable cook had given notice to leave, In consequence of the heat of ths kitchen. The ma of the house was disconsolate, and told his plight to a friend, who suggested putting a in the kitchen. This was done ok is thers yet, and vows, more she will never leave, except to go ther kitchen where a fan motor | found. HOME COMFORTS From the moment the p saw for fteelf | that electric currents could be delivered | and kept ready for any purpose without care or anxiety, the business of the manufactu ers of storage batteries entered a new phase. Where the street mains are not available, a few cells of battery can bé left at the house, and called for, to be recharged when neces- sary. So common has this utilization of electric current become that many families | are ncw dispensing with one of thelr servants, as they find they can now do by its agency much of tho domestic work for- merly left to hired help. A slgnificant In- lication of this development Is found in the fact that an extensive company has been organized at a popular Now Jersey watering place for the supply of all manner of do- meatic labor-saving appliances, and storage batteries for operating them, to the tran- slent visitors and the permanent visitors of the town. A epecial form of storage battery will be used, made of lead wire, which will glve a large surface, with little weight. One | branch of the company’s business will be | the building of electric launches, supplied with storage batteries, which will be sold outright or rented to the visitor. The num- ber of those who are fond of the water and | of water sport, but wish neither to row nor to handle ‘sails, is very large; over, electricity at once renders women or invaiids, as well as the man who has come | out from the city with the fixed intention of being as lazy as it 1s possible to be, quite independent of physical exertion in crulsing about. DETECTING SHAM DIAMONDS. An inventor has devised an electrical ap- paratus for the detection of sham or paste diamonds, The diamond s moistened and slowly moved toward a small, thin disk of aluminium, which is rapidly revolved by an electric motor. The contact of the diamond thus constitutes a brake to the motion of the disk. 1t metallic marks are found on the posed gem, it is not genuine; otherwise | it is a pure stone. The fdea is based on the fact that it a sharp piece of aluminium be rubbed on molstened glass, brilliant metallic markings appear, but the phenomena is ab- sent when similar contact is made with a | diamond. The same inventor is credited with | an electric egg-testing device, which consists of a box provided with two holes and fitted inside with a mirror at 45 degrees. A small | electric lamp outside the box throws light on the egg placed in one of the holes in the | top of the box. Through the other hole can be seen in the mirror the reflection of the il- luminated egg, which will be clear of strea and stains or otherwise, according as it stale or sound THE ELECTRIC LIBRARY. There are many remarkable things about the new Boston library. of which the most novel s the method of conveying the books | between the main desk and the bookcases on | the various floors. It was early in the work of building the library that the problem of book transporta- tion presented Itself for solution, says the Slectrical Engin In the old library, now cated, a score or more boys were empioyed, thelr duty being to run to all parts of the building for the books required. Under the new order of things about flve times more work would have to be done, which meant an army of boys, each one of whom might have to tramp from eight to ten miles every day. The impossibility, therefore, of continuing such a system was realized and a change de- cided upon. A local company was called upon to design and construct a mechanical system suited to the requirements of the service. It had no | data to go by, and 50 bad to devise something | entirely new, by means of which the attend- | ants would be able to secure a book from any | part of the vast hu'wxg, with its five acres of book shelves, and®@@ht with a minimum of time and labor. They designed a system by | which an attendant on the floor has only to pick out the book wanted, put it in a railway car with a cable attachment, push it off the side switch to the main line, from whence it runs ‘round at the rate of 500 feet a minute to a special elevator, which drops automati- cally, as soon as the car is in position, down to the delivery room, waits till the empty car rolls back and then delivers it on a return track to the switeh it started from. For the accommodation of the hundreds of thousands of volumes there are six stories or stacks, as they ar: technically called, of books. According to this arrangement, the delivery room, which opens on to the main reading room, although on the secand floor front, occupies a position between the fourth and fifth stacks, The aim of the designers was to focus all the books toward this one placs, and as a first step they constructed an elevator well, long aud narrow. This pierced the entire building, from basement to roof, run- ning by the stacks and delivery room. In this way they set up shafts for thre» ele vators, one for each stack. The delivery roof, being between the fifth and sixth stacks two distinet elevator motions had to be provided for; the one from the ffth and xth stacks going down, whilo the ones from the first, second, third and fourth went up to the rcom. In the basement the ten- power motor has been f(nstalled to haul the elevators, which it does very satis- ! factorily. Then there had to be constructed a railway around the building. A miniature track with an eight-inch gauge, and follow Ing the lines of the interior court yard was built. The track is over half mile in length. The cars are made of and motor the over, th to some can be | | a wire, pounds tain cally, welght of books in them. At cer- points aro switches working outomati- by menas of which the cars are di- to whatever part of the building or t floors they may be required. There n stations along the track, so ar- that certain cars stop at their own ed dzpots and at no other. The same ucted the pneumatic tube sys. tem by means of which cards, tickets and r messages are dispatched to any de- 1 point and returned by the same route, | apparatus is operated by the same | — — | Electrieal Notes. | Telephone rates at Ottumwa, Ia., dropped to | a year for offices and $12 for houses. Score another for competition. recent hot tremendous rush One firm in New York City sold an average of 400 a | day for a week | | differ: are eig| a stre This motor, spell down east for electric fans. caused a The city of Springfleld, 111, has gone into the electric lighting business. 1t was being charged §138 per arc lamp a year by the pri vate company in the field, and the debt of the city was already up to the lawful limit. So sixty men of property loaned their credit to | the city and a musicipal lighting plant has | been put up. This has been ! to two okilled electricluns for five years on a con trect to supply the city with light at §60 a lamp. Appropriations will be made by the clty at the rate of $113 a lamp, and the dif- | ference turned into a sinking fund, which will extinguish the debt incurred in five Joars. Then the cl'y expocts 1o rua the plaat itsel It has recently been claimed, says Elec- tricity, that oile and fats may mot only be | year on its farm many thousands of plants | strawber | than at pre | this, | stopped off at elly by treating them with an eleotrio our- ront. The system upon which thip is ef- foctod is as follows: There is a tank divided 0 two parts by means of a porous parti- ton; In one of the compartments thus formed is placed a solution of ecommon 1t L] dogreos Twaddell strength, and immersed In this solution fs a carbon electrode. In the other compartment there I8 a mixture of the ofl or fat with similar salt solution, ani reed in the mixture Is a coppor ele trode. A continuous electric current is then generated by means of a dynamo, the ol and salt solution belng agitated by mechan- feal means at the same fime Phtsadilon i UNCLE SAM'S OWN FARM, Une Patch of 450 Grasses—New Ideas Growlug Piants, Back of the big brick artment of Agriculture kind of a garden, which sprout, says the Washington Star, It covers about half an acre, which fs divided up into er 80 many little rectangular patches. Of the latter there are 450 in all, which are sown with as many different kinds of grasses. The seeds for most of these have been obtained from foreign countries through United States consuls, who hav led to a circular sent out by the De of State requesting them to for- ples. In fact, they come from all over the world, and the purpose of the garden described Is to make a fairly com- prehensive exhibit of the grasses of all lands Included among the 450 specles are varl ous kinds of forage plants. The idea for this novel exhibit s original with Prof. Schrib ner, the agrostologist recently enzaged by the Department of Agriculture. When all of the plants are fully oped, along toward | autumn, the garden will be very pretty to look upon. There will even be bamboos, which belong to the family of grasses. Ad joining the garden is Mr. L. O. Howard’s insect rearing establishment, in which bugs of multitudinous varicties are bred under glass. The latter gentloman jocularly threat- ened to let out his bugs to browse upon Prof. Schribner's grasses, not to mention the plants of different kinds which Prof. Wiley 1s cultivating in the immediate vicin- ity. Prot. seed barn is a very funny has just begun to of the is Wiley has an outfit of a very pe- culiar sort It consists of shed with a B roof, out from under which run a series of parallel railway tracks, for a dis- tanee of about sixty or seventy feet. On tho rails are miniature flat car which carry huge carthen pots and wooden tubs. In each tub is growing plant. There are a number of specimens of each kind of plant—potato, pea or what not—each growing in a differ- ent kind of soil. The purposs In view is to find out just how much available food is con- tained in various solls. The solls_employed have previously been analyzed. The quantity of plant foold in a soll may not det iine its usefulness for producing crops, inasmuch as it may not be in such shape as to be easily absorbed Feeding plants is like feeding babies; the diet has got to be not merely nutritious, but easily digestible. Having ascertained by analysis just how m plant fcod is con- tained in each kind of soil, Prof. Wiley wants to know how much of it is assimilated in the | process of vegetable growth. The sofls ex- perimented with are from all parts of the United States, and the information obtained is expectel to be of much to farmers. | The days of farming by guesswork hav nearly passed by, and 1 agriculture is a scientific pursuit. The rails and cars enable Prof. Wiley to run his plants under shelter when it rains. Rain water contains nitro- gen. which being added in unietermined | quantities would interfere with the accu. racy of his experiments. Only distilled water | is furnished to the plant ‘The Department of Agriculture ralses every a ass use for distribution through members of congre: nd to applicants generally. This season it | will take 85,000 cuttings of grape vines, com- | prising twenty-five varieties. Of course, the | grape vines are grown out of doors. Twenty- two varietles of olives will be grown under glass for the same purpose, to be distributed in the south. Of these, 10,000 will be pro- duced, some varieties being best for oil and others most suitable for pickles. Out of doors will be grown thirty varietics of figs, from which perbaps 1,500 cuttings will be taken, To the list will be added 100,000 plants, of forty varieties; also | ,000 camphor plants, raised from seed, and | pineapples, guavas, ' oranges and lemons. Olives and figs are distributed only south of North Carolina, camphor plants south of Savannah and pineapples in eastern Florida, due regard being had for the climatic condi- tions suitable for the raising of these pro- duets, e — MACHINERY AND 1 AEOR. Manufacturerers and Worlingmen Changing Conditions, The Boston Transcript tells of a manufac- turer employing 700 operatives who is busy with experiments to determine the productive unit of a working day, in the hope of being able to diminish’ the 'number of hours of labor in that day, His idea is to ascertain what constitutes a fa'r day's product, and then to help his employes to fewer hours of labor by requiring from them only that pro- duct, turned out as it may be in fewer hours ent. If nine hours of fresher and more buoyant labor will turn out the same product as ten hours of more jaded labor, he can afford to pay and is disposed to pay the same wages for the former as for the lgtter. His operatives, he believes, by r son of this incentive of more leisure for re- creation, will do swifter and_better work, while they are employed, and the shorter working day will be a boon to them, while 1t will inflict no loss upon him. In the furtherance of such experiments as the improvements which have been made in_machinery count as an important factor. These improvements, to a large ex- tent, have taken the direction of Increased speed. The American Wool and Cotton Re- porter furnishes striking corroborative evi- denceon this point. In some print cloth mills spindles are run at a speed of from 10,000 to 12,000 revolutions a minute, which 1s double the rate of thirty years ago. Broad looms, which twenty-five years ago would run seveuty picks per minute, on woolens and worsteds, are now run at 100 to 110 pcks, The {mprovements in spinning machines have resulted in beiter yarn, and this enables the looms to do more rapid and better work Cotton looms making print cloths are run up to 210 picks per minute, as against a rate of 160 picks per minute thirty years ago. The most remarkable performance was that of a loom at the World's fair in Chicago, running at the rate of 280 picks per minute on ging- hams. Thers have been similar gains fn carpet-making machinery, and in all depart- ments of manufacture, It is true, doubtless, that the swifter ma- chinery is more exacting in its demands upon the workman. But it results in a ve siderable Increase fn the product whic able to turn out. A part of the advantage of this increase very properly goes to the man- turer, as a return upon the increased | cost of his plant. A part of it inures to the public, in the form of lower prices. But a part belongs to the operative, and may prop- erly be realized by him in the form of fewer hours of labor or better wages. To a certain extent these gains are already his, they will be his to a larger degroe, as ex- periments as that of the manufacturer to whom we referred at the beginning toke shape n new echedules adjusted to the mew conditions. Under T Twenty for Two. Here Is a somewhat new story Nt Two | of the falls hackman, told by the Buffalo tourists, a lady and a geatleman, the falls between trains. A engaged them for a brief tour of elng. The time actually consumed was fifty-fivo minutes. The hackman said he must have $10. The gentleman remarkel that it was an outrage. The driver evp'ained that he had been of great assistance In point- Ing cut the places of interest, and stood firm. The gentleman preparet to pay under protest Unfortunately man a $20 bl Do you Kman h for himself he handed the ay for the the hackman, promptly. ‘Do I pay for the fare in astonishment. What do you mean?" “Then there will bo the hackman. “My one person; $20 for amount you have hande rect. Thank you, sir.' — lady aleo? asked lady vot rereated course I the do. no change,” charge of §10 tWo persons. me is exactly replied is for The cor- o silver mines at Granite, near Butte, Mont., have closed, owing to the low price of silver, throwing out 1,000 men, Another wine in the same locality Is likely to close shortly, and it is expected that the town of | Granite will be completely abandoued to the bleached, but sweetened and purified gener- mine owuers | writes | Philadelphia Inquirer, that | that | man in | man | the westerner AN OPAL IN Tflf,‘WlLDERNESS A Western Jowel Racily Sketched by an Eastern Tapderfoot, HUNBLE L'FE IN A LOFTY ALTITUDE P — The Rare Genlus Who slitieal, Commoratal and Social of the Metropoi siof the Uintah MouutulnssCariosities, Presides Over the ite elther ion the Scattered on grade of the from a canon side of a hea fle tracks, Uintah mountains dczen log houses y up leading of a 1 P, Wyoming, are some ha store, a saloon and as is Opal 18 the height of im toot any corrals s It see udenc o tender correspondent of the A town o limited in its proportions should cccupy a place on 1 fmportant eity. For a sidetracked hand car and a sign board are all that is re- quired 1 the makeup of a w city,” and a guaranteed license to a tho map in the same sized type the map, but Opal is matter, a section house, stern * pear on s any of its | sister cities. Opal, with its half-dozen houses, is a metropolis. It is the railroad center for a district covering 200 miles to the north, em bracing a region of sheep and cattle ranche mong the wealthiest in newly discovered gold mines at Cora, the hope of thousands o ors and miners Opal has many advanta It s away up, resting some 7,400 feet above the sea level. Then there is plenty of rcom and no crowded streets. our-horse teams or bunches of cattle pass each other in the busiest thoroughfares without coming within speaking distance. The only government building fn the place is the postoffice, which occupies a corner of the little station, while the noticeable absence of fails and police statlons strengthens the air of freedom which characterizes this typlcal western town. The Opalites are as Interesting as the place they live in. The man who owns the store is the acknowledged mayor of the city. He is not elected to this high office. He don’t need to be. His position demands it, and thrown in contact with every man on the range he hears all their troubles, while putting up their orders, and is broad-minded enough to agree with all, one at a time. In this way he is the confldant of every cus- tomer, and it he occasionally or invariably charges for a half hour's sympathy In con- nection with a side of pork, no objection Is made, A WESTERN BUSINESS MAN. The storekeeper at Opal is not only recog- nized to be, but naturally is, the cleverest he place. He is just what the suc- cessful western storekeeper must be, a first class business man, a hustler, a true judge of human nature, with ability to use his knowledge in his own behalf, good-natured, always to be relled on in time of trouble, a clever entertainer, cool, courageous and all-in-all a man, embracing all the true and genuine qualities of that intricately con- structed animal Just such a man s the storekesper of Opal. Always on the alert to make a dollar, he is quite as quick to drive all night with a doctor from some heighboring city to the bedside of a suffering ranchman. If he is quick to charge a'man who comes to the store in pos n of his full health, he is just as quick to forgst to charge the same when he is sick or in trouble. There is an unprinted city ordinance in Opal to the effect that “this is a country where you get nothin’ for nothin’, -and d—d little fer a nickel,”” but in sickness or in real distress is the quickest to see the of "his neighbor ,of any man in the world, and he gives assistance in a roughly delic: way that dpes not make the receiver read “charity” in everything he gives him. WYOMING WOMEN. Although woman suffrage s way above par in this state, and running in full opera- tion, it will be a loug time before she has an oqual voice with the ori, Ac- cording to statistics, Wyoming has ten men to one woman. Under the present statute the woman is only allowed one vote at each election, and from the corrals and the ranches of the Laramie plains to the Arapa- hoe steppes of the Shoshone reservation the females loudly protest against this unfair representation. In Wyoming woman s all powerful, and it is in h minority she derives her gr strength and influenc She is universaliy respected, thoroughly western, and, if fa- miliar, it is in a way that is understood to court admiration in this country. Insults are unknown. DRAWING THE LONG BOW. The following incident occurred in a sister town of about Opal's size: A ranchman ap- plied for lodging at a section house kept by a woman. He was accommodated, and when he went to bed he left under his pillow his money, a considerable sum. In the morning he left his room, forgetting to take his money with him. Later he remembered it, and, rushing back, found the landlady mak- ing the bed. He asked her for his purse. She said she knew nothing about it. He was sure sho had and finally caught her by the arm and earnestly demanded his money. » screamed, and a lot of men hearing her, rushed in, and thinking the nian had insuited her, hung him to the nearest telegraph pole without giving him a chance to explain, It was afterward found out that the woman had stolen the money, but beneath that same telegraph pole lies buried an innocent man, a strangely silent monument in honor of a dis- honorable woman OPAL STYLES, Styles in Opal vary little. Overalls, cow- hide boots, a jumper, a flanzel shirt, a red silk handkerchief, a broad-brimmed sombrero and heavy gloves constitute the regular dress. The cowboys with their schapps and fancy toggery belong to another class, but the above description covers twelve out of a possible thirteen of the citizens of Opal. Everything s made to wear and is worn until every section of the garment positively refuses to hang together, when it is cast aside by the citizen and made up into some- thing even more unique for one of the com- ing generation. As for the clothes the women wear, they are so few, not few per woman, but there is such a marked scarcity of both women and women's dresses that it is like describing the herds of buffaloes that roam the plains—if there ever were any they are gone. Nothing can approach the stillness of the Wyoming night. The mountalns and hills that surround the range on every side seem wants | to guard the placerlike smighty monitors at such a time, and the only noise that breaks the omnipresent stillness is the oceasional moving of the stock jn the neighboring corrals, or the steady, rippling of the little creek, so faintly heard that the soft murmur seems like nature’s lullaby with which she overcomes in drowsiness this little world shut in among the great Ulntah mountains The smoke which rises from the camp fires of prospecting parties bound for the gold mines of the north couiitry, which line this little stream, gradually grows dimmer and dimmer, until the moon'and stars alone are left to watch the sleeping world below. Just now Opal is shaking in the fremor of unprecedented excitement. The storekeeper is digging a well formed by a couple of section hands, but all Opal gathers around the mouth of the new enterprise to direct, efiticise and superint the work. But while the planning, the sug gestion of many alterations and the general discussion 1s golng on above, the hands are steadlly working out their own plan of digging a hole, for they are happily unconscious of the criticism above. They are Japs. Every one says the well means a big boom for Opal MINERAL DEPOSITS. As implied by its name, Opal is rich in minerals and precious stones. It is from this place that the wonderful specimens sold at Manitou and other Colorado health re- sorts, as pecullar phenomena and natural formation of the hLot springs, are first shipped. Although these curiosities came from Opal, the town derives no revenue from their sale. The specimens are common prop- erty and are o ba had for the picking One of the interesting places always pointed out in Opal is the saloon. This resort has a reputation that is as unique as it is wide spread. There is no sign over the door to show that liquors are sold inside. It doesn't need any. The place needs no advertisement for there s always a large number who are glad to show a stranger, or particularly a Wyoming and the | The labor is being per- | nd | sectlon | [unanrrum. the way. Mixed drinks nre un- known, but stralght whiskiss go piliang over the rough bar seven duys n week. The quality of the whisky Is just the opposit | of the coy and reluctant sage bush, It { no_medicinal properties, but a smail amount I will open a thousand besuties 1n ple- turesque scenery in “lese than & holy in- ute,” the storekeeper says. It was fn { Opal that the story of t tenderfoot, the whisk-broom and the glass of whisky orig |t d. The tenderfoot asked for a drink ot whisky. The bartender gave himi a glass and a small whisk-broom. The tanderfoot, n understanding the us» of the ed for someon to drink and w w the proceedings. He asked the bartender to “have one,” but he only scowled savagely, Finally | | Big Piney stage driver camo in The bartender treated him the same way, Taking the whisky and whisk-br 1 ¢ corner, he brushed away th and had a fit. Ho the te t leaving his Y lrt, drank t wverad Just rui whisky time to the door bar | In a busivess way | the Utah line of Wy | of western push and ‘e | mors than 10,000 eattle are shipped to Oht | cago, as many sheep and one-quarter of a { million pounds of wool to Philadelphla and other eastern markets. In re supplies for the hundreds of ranchers in rtl country are sent here for distribution, and | about ‘the little station thire is always as | | busy a crowd of teamsters as there is at the | Broad street depot, even if the number is | smaller and of somewhat different kind. Al together, Opal fs a typical western town place where the chase after the almighty doilar supersedes the chase after the soft and s d anise secd bag as a form of amuse and the sion of gold Is the one ambition of every man'’s life i el XPRESS RIDER. An English Party Ama on the 1 At untouche this ttle is town noar ming an_example erprise. Each year the n DARING E. tata Frontlers- Ana. In the days when the west was wild and | woolly and a yard wide a party of London- | ers bent on the destruction of the buffalo struck a small station on one of the now long-forgotten coach lines of the plains, Not one of the Englishmen had ever been in tho country before, relates the New York World, but each was confident of his ability to do the region in proper style. The whole outfit had rounded up at the sta- tion on the discovery of Indian signs, but after lylng over for two days tho English- men concluded that the three frontiersmen acting as their guides had been unneces serily frightened. On the third day they announced that they were going on to the next station. “All right,” said the frontlers- men, “we'll g0 with you, but it will be a run and ‘a fight for it.” " At dawn the following day the party was preparing to mount when the agent called out: “Iere comes the ¢ press!” Far to the eastward a horseman w coming over the crest of a rise in the prairie. As he came into full view the party could see that he was hanging low over the pommel of his saddle and that he was lashing the wiry steed galloping at full tit under him. Pres- ently over the rise came another horseman Then another and another, until a score wero strung out on the trail of the pony ex- press. The agent silently withdrew to the station and reappeared with a rifle, *In- dians,” he remarked. The Englishmen drew thelr shooting-irons and retreated to the cabin. But the agent and his helpers led a pony out of the stable saddled and bridled the animal and held I besido the trail. “Jim may want to go on explained the agent. Just before the trail turned Into the station it ran through a watercourse filled at the time with suffocating alkali dust. The Eng- lishmen watched the ®xpress rider until he dashed into the further opening of the cut and then prepared to fight for their liv As the pursued and pursuers went out of sight in the dust the men at the station heard a rifle crack and then horrifying yells, the war whoops of the Indians. Presently out of the dust-clouded watercourse dashed the express rider, followed clsely by painted, screeching savages. The express rider's face was gashed by an arrowhead and in the flank of his foam-lathered animal a feathered shaft waved to and fro at every leap. As the In- dians came on, Englishmen, guides and sta- tion men opened fire. WIith the first volley three bucks went down, and two of them never rose again. The third leaped astride of a companion’s pony, and before the smoke of the first volley had floated upward in thin blue wisps the war party had sought the shelter of the watercourse. The express rider came on, and as he was abreast of the fresh mount held by the station agent, he leaped from his still running pony, dragging the saddlebags with him, “Going to stop over, Jim?" asked “Hell, no,”” was the answer, and he threw himself astride the fresh pony and dashed down the trail. Presently he turned, plucked an arrow from his sl and with a laugh tossed it away. Then he leaned over the neck of the pony and lashed its flanks. The next station was ten miles away, and at every mile there must be an armed band The Englishman stuck to the station for ten days, when a troop of cavalry came At the station down the trail they found the express rider knocking about the bar with a etrip of plaster across his face. One of the Englishmen walked up to him, and after looking into his face sald: “My friend, you are a brave man, but you are also a d—d fool.” | | the el THEIR FAVORITE BOOKS, Cowper read only his bible and his prayer book Hallam said that Livy was the model his- torian. Chopin rarely read anything heavier than a French novel. Paul Veronese thought there was no equal to the “Aeneid.” Auber hated reading, and never read save under compulsion Caesar Borgia had a library of works relat- ing mostly to ar Titlan read his prayer book and the Meta- morphoses of Ovid Voltaire'’s favorite Juvenal, the saurist. Rossinl, for nearly thirty years, read noth- ing but French novels. Jean Paul Richter had only five or six books, all philosophical. Lord Clive said that “Robinson beat any book he ever read. Franklin read all he could find velating to political economy and finance. Michael Angelo was fondest of the books of Moses and the Psalms of David. Hogarth was fond of joke books and farces and enjoyed them immoderately, Cherubini was a lover of botany and made collections of works on the subject. Beethoven was not a great reader, but oc- casionally found pleasure in a no: Bach was no great reader, but much en- Joyed books of jokes and funny storles, George TIL. for many years of his life read nothing but bis bible and prayer book. Marlo, the great tenor, read anything he could obtain relating to sports or hunting. ‘‘Papa” Haydn liked stories, and he said: ““The more love there is in them the better.” St. John Chrysostom never tired of read- ing or of praising the works of the Apostle | John, Da Vinel read Pindar and thought him the noblest poet who ever wrote in any language. Swift made a special study of the Latin satirists and imitated their style and lan- guag Heine seldom read anything but poetry, but he read that with the most scrupulous attention, classical author was Crusoe" - Missiog Wora, 1 clerk told this story to the wrier-Journal. — Thres men from the ame into the botel and registered | and a few minutes later two of them went out to see the town. “I wili| stay here,” said the third, “and look after | things," and he took a seat near the door. At 10 o'clock, a half hour later, the man | who was left went up to the clerk. | want to remain,” said he. All right, sir,” answered the clerk. The | man stood aad looked at the clerk and finally went back to his chair near the door. He sat still another hour and returned to the desk. “If you please, I'll remain,” he | | saia That's all right, sir,” was the response “We hope youw'll be Witk us some time. | The man hesitated and went back to bis | chair, It was away after midnight when e went | up to the clerk for the third time. *I think | 't remain, sir,” he said The guest Aid not go | however, but stood still. Shortly after ward another guast came up anl asked the | clork for his key, “aud I'll retire—-" “Retire! Retire! That's the word I've | | been trylng to think of for three hours. For heaven's sako let me retire,” interrupted the man who had o desired (o remain, aud he was a. last bappy Louls- | country for lodgin back to his chair, Lk | 7 | the | Pitcher’s Castoria. THE QUEEN OF EXP Chicago Enthroned the King, Paris Will Turnish the Queen, | GREAT SHOW OF THE DYING CENTURY Flans for the 1900 Exposition Drawn on a Scale of Gurgeons Some the May Be Soen There, Magnificonoo—~ ot Wonders that 1t entorprise and push wiil fnsure the suc- u of 1900 then an Ay expected | ntieth century o | coss of tho Parls expostt unparaileled on the threshold of the tw the gay capital of th T tk of preparation for the rtaking N Journal, begun {n earncst, and will honceforth carried on with vigor. The plan of the rounds nas already beon submitted to the executive committee. It not only provides for an arca more than four times as large as that of the exposition of 1889, but also calls for work of constderablo magnitude and catest pretensions, intended to outlive exposition and forever after beautify the achievement be world 0w great un- las be [ says tho Now York the city. This plan of be al in an_ expenditure 00,000 fr about $15,000,000 in money. One-quarter of this sum will used in beautilying the Champs Elysees ready one of the most beautiful Pa Th will fnvolve | poLs to t Seine, principal will be situated near the angles of the Place de la Within the visitor will find on his right the Administration building, and next to it th Buliding of Education and Instruction structure of any kind will impede the view of the Seine on the left, but a gorgeous spectacle will greot the eye in tho terraced gardens, which will be constructed on a princely scale on the border of the river. A new promenade will be provided between the Champs Elysees and the Quay de la Con ference. On the right, and facing the Hotel des Invalides, will be erected the Palace of Fino Arts, and on tho left will rise the palace, of smaller dimensions than those of the Palace of Fine Arts, of the proposed Ixposition of French Art. > These two bulldings, with the monumental bridge, will be the only permanent ones of the exposition. They will be so arranged as not to change the character of the great Parisian avenue, and their distribution will lend tself to the same artistic purpose for all time as docs that of the actual Palace of Industry. Porticos, statues, beds of flowers and the like will help complete the beautiful picture thus to be created. METALLIC LACE WORKS The monumental bridge will bs sixty inches in width, and will not Interfere with naviga tion. A unique arch of beaten steel s ex pected to lend unusual grandeur, a part of which will be covered by an ornamental schemo of extremely light porticos, forming metallic net of lacework appearance. The system which has been adopted for the elevated constructions on the esplana will be different from that employed fn 1889 in that these constructions will be placed in center. All this part of the territory of the exposition will be reserved for the in- dustrial arts and all that appertains to them. It was proposed to tear down the Palace of Industry, but the project has startled a great number of people. Artists, sports- men and agriculturists _were especially alarmed lest they would be deprived of a place, as a critic has expressed it for them wherein to exhibit themselves for four yea But the committee within whose the work of laylng out the general was_intrusted, has assured them that noed not fear. The annual salon of the Society of French Artists, they say, will be given a home or habitation in some part or other of the Champs Elysees and as for the other societies concerned the committee says that they will make it thelr business to find quarters for them also. The exposition will cover both banks of the Seine up to the Alma bridge. On the right will be the buildings of tha city of Parl of horticulture and foctal economy, and on the left the foreign buildings. From the Alma bridge to the Champs de Mars station will be erected the palaces for the exposition of land and naval wa merchant marine, forests, hunting, fisherios and crops TO BEAUTIFY THE SEINE The minister of public works put the banks of the Seine in order down from the Bridge of the Invalides. This plan includes the erection of projecting buildings the length of the river between the lines of great trees and the sheet of water. No two will be alike in form, and the reficction of their picturesque facades in the river in the daytime and of their brilliant illumination at night is expected to furnish a scene of fairy grandeur. Superimposed walks will enable visitors to enjoy the beautiful sight, and thus a superb setting for Venctian fetes will result All the colonial expositions stalled in the Trocadero of the Champs de Mars. The building to be devoted to agri- culture, mines and metallurgy, chemistry, transportation, electricity, clothing, foods, civil engineering and the like will also be located here. Two series of palaces, principle, each group, nevertheless, having different characteristics for the sake of v riety, and arranged according to gradation, will 'be built along Suffron and La Bour- donnals avenues, They will culminate at an immense castle with cascades, ana also at the ¥ of Industry These buildings will be manner to heighten, by an effect of per- spective, the apparent depth of the park, which they will envelop and which will rise by a gradual ascent from the Quay d'Orsay toward the Ecole Militaire. Over all the circumference of the garden will be developed a series of terraces, from the top of which will be afforded a pano- rama of the Champs de Mars and the Troca- dero. The Electriclty building will be a palace of resplendent glass and will be so brilllantly flluminated at night that it will look like a gigantic beacon of light. The Machinery building of 1889 vill be preserved, though its form will be somewhat modified, as also the use to which It will be put. In'the center will be installed a great meeting hall, of which the palace of elec- tricity will constitute the brilllant vesiibule, and the two wings of which will screen (he group of agriculture EIFFEL TOWER TO STAY. The famous Eiffel tower will also bo re tained, but beyond this the committse has not yet arrived at any decision. It will un- doubtedly be added to in many particulars with the view of making it a still greater wonder than it alresdy is. The committee that drew up the plan has glven asurances that the means of cor munication between the north and south of Paris by the Avenue d'Autin, the Dridge of the Invalides and the Latour-Maubour boulevard, as also by the Alma bridge and the avenues that converge there cy both sides of the Seine, will be maintalasd with- out any obstacle. Care will also o laken to preserve the approaches to property on the Cours-de-la-Reine from the Quay du Billy to the Quay d'Orsay. A paseage for pedestrians will probably be established cn Esplanade of the Invall bt seme changes In tramway routes, cspicially from the Louvre to Saint Cloud and to Sevres, will be necessary. Trafflc within the exposition be amply cared for by an electrie railic and numerous other means by whi:n fort and rapidity will be assurad. Tk facilities in this respeet proprssd are for an attendance that even the 110st sinjune of the projectors does ot really espeot, In all, the plan presupposes an mmensity and grandeur that will make the +xposition far superior to any that has cvar been held | anywhere. The underlying purpose hos been, and is, to overtop the Chieago World's fair Children Cry for | Pitcher’s Castoria. Children Cry for entra th e exposition at one of Concorde. ¢ hands plan they proposes to will be In- on the same general ater alace arranged in a grounls will q com Children Cry fos | OSI‘“ON.""“ more that that great #itcher’'s Castoria. greatest up to its time--ov achlovement—the topped the Paris exposition of 1889, " FOR A LIMITED TIME W leather ocket Case FREE IN EXCHANGE FOR 10 TEN-CENT PAPER TAGS TAKEN FROM nerican Tobacco« Co, The An NEW VORK., DOCTOR Searles & Searles SPECIALISTS. All forms ot Blood_and Skin Disonses. Nores, Spots. 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