Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, July 29, 1894, Page 13

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: SUNDAY, JULY 29, 1894, COREAN REBELLION| Royal Troops Moving and Bixteen Gunboats in the Harbor of Ohemulpo, JUST CAUSE FOR THE POPULAR UPRISING Exactions of Government Officials Have Re- duced the People to Starvation. OCCUPATION OF CELESTIAL TROOPS Both Great Natlons Anxious for War that Their Modern froncluds and New Guns May Bo Taud ested—Russia and Eoge Sure to Dip In. (Copyrighted 1394 by Frank O, C TIEN-TSIN North China, June 20.—(Spe- clal Correspondence of The Bee.)—The king- dom of Corea is in the throes of a rebellion, and the Chincse are sending troops by the thousand to the ald of the king. ght gun- boats have already left for the Corean shores and It is said here that there are sixtee men-of-war in the harbor of Chemulpo. The Ruseians and the English are sending thelr ships to ( vl the flagship of our Asiatic squadron, the Baltimore, has already ar- rived. Admiral Skerrett is in command, and the American colony, In case the city of Seoul is bowbarded, will be taken to the sea coast and put upon this ship for protec- tion, It is hard to conceive the condition of Corea. The lower classes are little more than slaves. They have been oppressed for ages by the nobles, and the exactions of the government officials during the last two years have been so great that many of the natives are said to be starving. An unset- tled condition prevails throughout the whole peninsula, but the revolution rages at its worst at the south. Here 4,000 incendiary rebels have taken up arms against the govern- ment, They have massacred many of the officlals and they have twice defeated the soldlers of the king. Their numbers have increased until 1t fs said that they have in all about 10,000 followers, and many of these are armed with guns which they have captured from the royal troops. They have 3,000 mateh-lock rifies, and the most of them have swords and spears. They have a thorough organi: lon and tnere are 100 men among them who serve as scou At the first battle, which occurred about two weeks ago, the government troops were victorious, but at the next, a few days later, the rebels conquered and 200 of the king's soldiers were left dead upon the field. The advices we got here are to the effect that the officers of the rebels are able and brave. They led the government troops into ambuscades and have outgeneraled them in nearly every in- stance. The rebels are favored by the peo- ple, and the government soldiers find it hard to get anything to cat. Li Hung Chang has gont a number of soldiers to the assistance of tho king, but there has as yet been no bat- tle between the Chinese and Corcan troops. In the capital of Corea twothirds of the people are said to be friendly to the rebeds, who are marching toward Seoul, and It will be only the foreign troops which will prevent their taking the capital. One of the chiet cries of the rebellion is against the foreigners. 1 have before me a manifesto which has just been issued by them. It states that the foreigners must be expelled from the country, and that the old religion must be upheld. ' It advocates the destruction of the officials, and it is of the most inflammatory nature. There Is no doubt but that such of the missionaries as are outside of Seoul are by no means safe. Dr. W. J. Hall was attacked by a mob in the city of Pen Yang the other day, and it is said that the governor of the city headed the mob. 8o far no foreigners have been killed, but the colony at the capital, numbering about 100 foreigners, is in greal danger, and only the presence of the foreign gunboats makes them safe. In the mean- time the troops which China is pouring into Coren may possibly get into troubls with tho Japanese. The two nations hate each other worse than do the Germans and the French. [ach nation is afraid of the other, and cach Is apparently preparing for war. The advices recelved here state that tho Chinese have sent sixteen transports of troops to Corea, and 6,500 Japanese soldiers have already been landed on Corean soil. There aro about 8,000 Japanese people living in Corea. They have colonles at all the ports, and at each of these ports a Japanese gunboat will be probably stationed. The Japanese have one of the best navies In the east. They are a nation of fighters, and they are sailing about Corea with chips cn thelr shoulders. If the Chinese happen to run against them and dislodge the chips there will be a battle in no time, and a war between the two countries may spring up which will probably involve Russia and England, and eventually bring on a graat European war. It s Impossible at this writing to state what is going to happen. These countries of the far east are different today than they have been in the past. Li Hung Chang lLas an army of 100,000 men equipped with the latest improved gifles, and the Chinese navy will rank well up with the great na of Europs, Japan 15 mak- ing modern guns equal to those which afe turned out at the Washington navy yard. The troops have been drilled by German officers for years. They ara armed with rifles as good as any you will find in the world, made after a pattern invented by a Japanese, and they have something like 200,000 trained soldiers. They have navy yards and men-of-war equal to ours, and they are as brave as any people on the face of the globe. As to the bravery of the Chinese, this fs a disputed question among the foreigners here. They have in the past been routed with western troops, but wher- ever thiay have had good western leaders they have shown themselves efficient and courageous. Today they are in good condi- tion for a great war, and the story of the ovents of the next year may make some of the bloodiest pages of history. THE CHINESE NAVY. 1 wrote from Shanghal of my visit to the great Chinese arsenal at Kiangnan, and I described fits hundred acres of foundries, factories and powder works. Since then I+ have traveled thousands of miles through different parts of this great empire, and I find everywhere evidences of the wonderful preparation which these almond-eyed celes- tials are making to fight the barbarians, as they call us. At Nanking, 200 miles from the sea coast, I visited a naval school, pre- sided over by English officials, and saw the cadets go through thelr maneuvers, At the city of Han Yang I inspected a gun factory, where they were making small arms, and at Nanking I saw vast powder works and the smokestacks of an_arsenal covered many acres, Here at Tien-Tsin, Li Hung Chang has between fifty and one hundred acres of buildings, in which the finest of modern guns are being made. Ho has schools for the education of officers for his army and navy, and nearly every one of the great viceroys of the empire has his own military establishment. There 15 a big navy yard at Foo Chow, below Shanghal, where the Chinese are making torpedo boats and modern vessels of war. This is on the Min river, and they have been building boats hero for ten years of all sorts and sizes. 1 have seen somo of the cruisers turned out of these yards, and they are equal to the same class of boats you will find in Europe and America. They make also armor plate and big guns, and, though they are now importing their steel in the shape of Ingots, they are putting In such machinery as will enable them to make their own steel with their own iron, and they expoct to place’ themselves on an entirely in- dependent basis. Here at Tien-Tsin 1s the best place to make a study of the Chinese navy. Li Hung Chang, the famous viceroy, is its head, and Lo Feng Luh, his naval secretary, has hia headquarters here. Mr. Lo Feng Lub Is one of the most accomplished men in China. He speaks English and German as well as he does Chinese, and he Is as well posted on the doctrines of Huxley and Darwin as he is in the philosophy of Confucius and Mencius. Ho knows all about the great navies of the rpenter.) world, and he adopts everything new in naval warfare as soon as it Is invented. I am under many obligations to him for favors during my stay at Tien-Tsin, and some of the best of my Information comes from his headquarters. Tho chief flect In the navy is the north coast squadron, which Ia di- rectly under him, and which is, perhaps, as fine a squadron as you will find outside of the greatest European forces. It consists of four barbette seagoing armorclads, one of which fs 9,200 tons n size, and two others of which are more than 7,000 tons each. It has a number of deck-protected cruisers, a torpedo flotilla apd eleven gunboats. The Foo Chow squadroh has a number of fine bots, and {n addition to these are the Shanghal flotilla and the Canton flotilla, These are_under the viceroy at Canton, and the Foo Chow squadron is, I think, under the viceroy of Nanking. Two of Li Hung Chang's armorclads have a speed of fifteen knots an hour and they are armed with four twelve-inch Krupp guns. These guns have Hotchkiss cannon and tubes for White- head torpedoes, and they are of the best workmanship the Germans can turn out. I can't describe the excellenc of the guns which the Chinese are making themselve: The guns and ships which they are import- ing are of the best. They have, In short, everything that is known to modern war- fare, and 1 see everywhere their ships manned with rapid-firing guns, Hotchkiss guns, Gatling guns and the glant monsters known as six, elght, ten and twelve-inch guns. The Japaneso have already equally good fighting material, and a war between the two nations will result In an enormous destruction of life and property. THEY STEAL INVENTIONS. One thing which strikes me in the great gun worl of China, which I visited, is the fact that they make everything without regard 0 patent righta on patent law. There {8 nothing of this kind in China, and they seem to have no scruples against adopting any invention they can put their hands on. They can copy anything from a collar button to a fifty-ton gun. An Ameri- can inventor who looks to China as a future field will be disappointed. I know of an American who has been trying to introduce Gray's telautograph here. The ordinary Chinese alphabet contains about 5,000 characters, and as it Is now telegrams have to be sent in the shape of numbers and translated back into Chinese. By this invention the characters themselves could be sent and it would bo of immense value to China. The viceroy, to whom the man applied, said he would probably introduce the invention, but he would first like to have one of the machines sent on trial The American refused \to sell less than $250,000 worth of the machines, and the venture dropped through. Had he sent a single instrument it would probably have been copied by the mechanics of the viceroy. and China ~ would have made her own telautographs. 1 heard of similar instances at Nanking, and the Chinaman who told me laughed as he described how easily an American gun maker had been taken in. The man represented the Maxim rapid- firing gun, and he wanted to get an order from the viceroy. He came to Nanking and was received . right royally. He had several of his guns with him, and as he exhibited them the button-hole eyelids of the Chinese officials widened and their black pupils began to figure with him on prices, and led him to believe that they were going to buy the guns. They treated him well and when he was invited out to dinner night after night he thought his contract was assured and his visions were those of Monte Cristo. All at once the civilities ceased and he was told that the viceroy had coneluded after all that he did not want the gun. Before he left it leaked out that during the nights he had been out, eating bird’s nest soup and shark fins and listening to the dulcet screcches of the singsong girls the agents of the viceroy had picked the locks of his gun cases and had taken accurate measurements and models of the machinery of the guns. The only reason why they are not making these guns today is because they have other guns they con- sider better. They have the drawlngs and they can reproduce them at any time. In the gun works at Kiangnan I saw all kinds of modern rifles, ‘from the Winchester to the Enfield, and I was told that the best of the lot hod been chosen, and that they were now making them for the troops. 1 handled some which had just been finished, and to my Inexperienced eyes they looked as well as any I have seen elsewhere. Speak- ing of the wonderful power of the Chinese to copy any piece of machinery which Is placed before them, a curious incident oc- curred in connection with the electric light plant in the palace of the emperor. The foreign manager of this plant became sick and went off for his health for a few weeks. When he returned he found a second plant running. The Chinese had copled the original machinery, and for fear that they might make a mistake they had reproduced it even to the color and amount of the paint put on the different parts. ON A CELESTIAL GUNBOAT. During my stay at the Klangnan arsenal I visited one of the Chinese gunboats, which was made at Foo Chow. My photographer was with me, and he took pictures of the boat and some of the officials. The sailors did not relish being photographed, but the commands of the captain made them pose as we wished. Mr. Cornish, the foreign ad- viser of the arsenal, was with me, and our Chinese cards were sent {nto the captain. A moment Jlater a round faced Chinaman, standing at least six feet two, and weighing 200 pounds, appeared on deck. He bent over and shook his own hands at me in Chinese fashion, and then asked Mr. Cor- nish and myself to step down into his cabin. This was a large room, built much like the salons of one of our big boats. It was fur- nished with a number of two-foot tables, which stood against the walls of the room between heavy armed teak wood chairs, so that as we sat down each of us had a table beside him, upon which later on tea and champagne were served. The champagne was served in little glasses the size of an egg cup, and the captain smacked his lips as the amber fluid audibly gurgled down his throat. In the center of the room as we entered one of the officers of the ship was sitting on a stool, with a copper basin in front of him and a barber behind him. The barber was shaving his head and braiding his queue, and the officer did not seem to regard our presence In the least. He arose and shook his own hands at us, then bowed half a dozen times, and then had his man ge on with the shaving. There was, in fact, an unconventionality about the whole ship that was refreshing. A big mandarin was expected, and the marines were dressing themselves on board. One man pulled on his trousers as we came out of the captain's cabin on to the deck, and another hurriedly got_himself into his coat. The marines wore dark bluo shirts or sacks and blue pantaloons of wadded cotton, which were tucked into thelr thick black cloth boots. ‘The shirts were bordered with wide bands of red and were embroldered on the breast with Chinese characters. 1 had one of the marines on deck photographed, and T noted that his gun was a muzzle loader, though he was standing beside a big Arm- strong cannon at the time. 1 afterwards got a picture of a whole crew, with their turned- up straw hats and their light blue clothes, as they posed for their photograph on one of the biggest ships of the Chinese navy, and I was struck with the nerve shown in their faces and the agllity with which they moved about at t r work. I chatted with the captain scme time about his boat, and I found that he under-. He gun, spoke its organization and was anxious to have a mew six-inch and he told Mr. Cornish so. He pigeon English, and when Mr. Cornish asked him If he did not want to try the gun before he took it out to sea he replied emphatically “Yes, must havey tly! —s'pcse gun no good must havey tly—my take gun out—we go shoote. S'pose alle lightee we takee, but must have a tly." This Chineso captain, however, I am told, knows more about his ship than many of the other officials do. The mandarins, as a rule, are politiclans rather than business men, and some of those who are in charge of the arsenals know nothing whatever of mechanies, A few days ago a twelve-inch gun was tested and the leading officials of Shanghal went out to see It. These high mandaring discreetly retired to a pavilion when the gun was ready to fire, and the un- derstrappers did the business. It there should be & war between China and Japan it will o all probabllity be a bloodthirsty one. The Chinese would have no scruples about the use of dynamite, and all the devilish contrivances of modern in- vention will be adopted. It may be that the “fo yok po,” or hand grenades. which were used by the Chinese war junks of the past, will be again brought into service. I chatted the other day with Captain Impey of the Monocacy, of the American navy, about stood equipment. S'pose my g0 way l these. He desoribes them as the most horrible weapon known to man. The smell from them Is so suffocating that no one can withstand them, and when they explode they often set the ships on fire and tear the skin from the bodies of the men on board, It Is not probable that they would be of great value in the present prospective war, but these people who have used them in the past would not hesitate to adopt anything that might be invented of the same nature in the futur Gt B, Caduntss re————_ SENATOR FOSTER'S CAREER. OMAHA, July 28.—To the Editor of The Bee: I am a subscriber to and reader of your paper, and I ask that you give me a pace In same to correct some statements made by Hon. Patrick O. Hawes that ap- peared In your issuo of Sunday morning, July 22, regarding Hon. Lafayette Sabine Foster, 'United States senator from Con- necticut from March 4, 1855, to March 4, 1867, and president pro tem of the senate from March 4, 1865 (on death of Lincoln, not of Wilson, Le becamo acting vice presi- dent), to the close of his term in the senate, March 4, 1867. It is but a few days since Mr. Hawes took up his pen in defense of Hon. Benjamin Bristow of Kentucky from some charges made against him by ex-Gov- ernor Thayer of Nebraska, because, as he said, Bristow was the best and dearest friend he ever had. For the same reason, and because Mr. Hawes' statements are so far from correct, and because I cannot bear to see my old and dearest friend rest under such an aspersion as to his character as Mr. Hawes casts upon him, [ make these corrections. What the people of Con- necticut, and especially those of the city of Norwich, who had so many times and 80 highly honored him, would say If by chance they should seo Mr. Hawes' arti- cle, I cannot concelve, but to say they would be indignant would be stating it very mild. Aud I will say here that if Mr. Hawes' state. ments _regarding Hon. Benjamin Bris- w of Kentucky and Hon 0 M Conger of Michigan are no nearer cor t than those about Senator Foster of Con- necticut not much reliance can be placed upon them, I was and raised within a stone's throw of Senator Foster, in Norwich, Conn., and know exactly of wiat I say. He was born in the little town of Frankiin, adjoining Norwich, Conn., in 1506, and when quite young was left a poor orphan boy. He had an uncle, an old bachelor, living in Norwich, named Dena Foster, who made a living by weaving rag carpet, and enough besides to support and educate this poor boy. He was remarkably bright, and his uncle sent him to Brown university in Providence, R. I From there he was graduated in 1828 at the age of 22 years. He studied law In the office with Judge Calvin Goddard at Norwich, Conn., and was admitted to the bar in 1831, He was elected mayor of the city of Nor- wich & number of times, and from 1847 to 1854 elected each year to the legislature of the state, and each year also elected speaker of the house of representatives, and a member of the house of representatives in 1851 again elected mayor of the city, receiving every vote cast. In March, 1855, he was elected to the United States senate, and again elected in March, 1861. In 1867 he was succeeded in the senate by the good old governor of Connecticut, Hon. Willlam A. Buckingham. This was not because Senator Foster was loved any less, but becauss they loved the old war governor a little more. It was also unfortunate for him thak he and the also unfortunate for him that he and the old war governor were from the same town and were about the same age. For nine terms in succession, commeneing in 1858, Governor Buckingham had carried afoft and to success the republican banner, and some of his friends conceived the idea that it would be a good thing to let him wind up his political career with a term in the United States senate, and this sentiment prevailed, and the old war governor was elected a United States senator. In 1870 Senator Foster was again elected to tho house of representatives trom Norwich. (He never served in the up- per house of the state legislature, nor in the lower house of congress) In 1870 he was elected judge of the supreme court of errors, receiving every vote in the senate, and 192 of the 202 votes In the lower house, He served as judge until his death, September 19, 1880, not about four years ago, as Mr. Hawes says. Senator Foster was always elected solely on his merits. He was not a magnetic man like Blaine, who made friends at every turn he took. He was quite tall, a blonde with a large nose and very bald-headed, and not handsome by a long way, which made him look very austere. He was cold-blooded and not easlly approached by strangers. 1 remember when a boy that he was held up to the youth as an example of what a poor boy might attain by his own efforts. I wish now to speak of his private or domestic life, as there was where he was assailed by Mr. Hawes, he having drawn a very dramatic and romantic picture of the senator's marriage, separation from his wife on account of his infidelity, and his son and daughter having been brought up in Europe under the belief that their father was dead, until they re- turned from Europe and visited the senate chamber, Mrs. Foster not knowing of his political ‘career until he aros> to speak, and was dumbfounded. She then told her son that the senator speaking was his father. The son sent In his card, the father came out, and amid sobs and tears and embraces of mother, son and daughter alternated, a rec- onciliation took place and they lived bappy ever after, like the good people In the novels. How pretly it would all have been if true, But Mr. Hawes has been imposed upon, not one word of it being true, as I will show hereafter. When a young man, after being admitted to the bar, he soon took front rank as a lawyer. . There was at the time living in Norwich, Conn., an old, respectable family, not rich, but possessed of some means, and very aristocratic, named Lanman. There were three dauglhters, one married Mr. Amos H. Hubbard of the wealthy firm of R.'and A. H. Hubbard, large paper manufacturers of Norwich. One married a wealthy gentleman in New Haven, Conn., named Harmer, and the other married young Mr. Foster, and I think their domestic life was as happy as that of most people. At all events there never was such an cpisode as Mr. Hawes speaks of. They were unfortunate in ra ing children. They had but three, all girls, never had a boy, and the children all died in infancy. The two last were twins, In the cemetery in Norwich Is a very massive monument chiseled out of marble, erected by Mr. Foster many years ago, representing an angel ascending to heaven with one of these little children in each arm, while another angel with the little babe that died first in her arms is coming to meet them. Mr. Hawes is also regarding the railroad disaster in which he placed Mrs, Foster, as well as tothe facts and dates, very much off. Mrs. Foster was not on the train, the train aid pot break through the bridge, and it was ‘mot July 4, 1854, In May, 1853, there was to be a convention of physicians from New York and the New England states, hold in New York. The train was a speclal train filled with doctors from New England. At Norwalk, Conn., across the Connecticut river, was and is now a draw bridge. The regular train had passed through but a short time previous, and the draw was opened to let a vessel through and along came the special with its precious load, run- ning at the rate of forty miles an hour, and plunged into the open draw, Killing sixty physicians and wounding and malming for life many more. (The result of thls acci- dent was the passage of a law by the legisla- ture, which was then in session, compelling the stoppage of all trains before entering on any brid Again, Mrs. Foster never spent any time In Europe. Mr. Hawes says when he saw Mrs. Foster last, about twenty years ago, she still bore on her face the scar left_from the wound recelved in this railroad accident. In 1859, thirty-five years ago, Mrs. Foster was bitten on the nose while on a visit to her sister, Mrs. Harmer, in New Haven, Conn., by an’ Insect, supposed at the time to be a common fly; a little swelling arose, which in a few hours assumed such a malignant form that she hastened home, where in two or three days she died from the effects of the bite. So this explodes the sensation of Mr. Foster and the niece drawn by Mr. Hawes. In 1862 Senator Foster was married a second time to the daughter of Judge Lyman of Northampton, Mass. She was much his junior, and s, I think, still lving In the elegant mansion erected by him in Norwich in 1856, They bad no children. By making these corrections It will be doing simple justice to a very dear friend of mine, as well as to one of Con- necticut's loved and brightest sons. I am sure that my friend, Mr. Hawes, will be pleased that a temporary injustice 'done to the dead by his being misinformed has not been made permanent, JOHN B. orn DENNIS, while | THE COREAN. CONTENTI0 — Causes Leading Up'to the Rumpus Between Ohina’ and' Japan, A STATE OF VASSALS AND OFFICEHOLDERS A Chinese Dependency Which Japan Wanta to Reform and Kussia Annex—A Valuable Worth ¥ighting For. Prize The almond-eyed war which shadows the Corean peninsula may be likened to two dogs fighting for a bone, while a third eagerly watches an opportunity to pounce upon and make off with the disturbing cause. Corea Is a dependency of China. Its people aro bullt on the Spanish-American plan They have revolutions. The produciog classes aro taxed to death by the ruling classes, and rebellions are of frequent oc- currence. The failure of the Chinese gov- ernment to institute proper reforms calcu- lated to insure permanent peace Induced Japan to undertake the job, as a protection for its commercial Interests, China resents the interference. Meanwhile Russia is watch ing the snarl with covetous glee. The uprising of the Coreans out of which the present row sprang was caused by the onerous exactions of the ruling classes. As usual they worsted the government troops in several engagements. The king, who likes to pose as an independent ruler, and who makes treaties with foreign nations in which there is not the slightest intimation that he Is really a vassal of China, sent, post haste, as he has done several times be. fore, to Li Hung Chang, the great viceroy, imploring him to send Chinese troops to his reliet. Almost simultaneously Japan, who has large interests in the country, landed about 20,000 soldiers In Corea, practically took possession of Seoul, the capital, and its seaport, Chemulpo, badly scaring the king and disturbing the composure of Russia and China, who made haste to tell Japan that she had better mind her own business and, at any rate, she must keep her hands off of Corea CHARACTERISTICS OF COREA. Corea is a mountainous peninsula jutting out into the sea until it almost overshadows Japan, occupies strategically a most preg- nant and important position, and this is one reason why Russia has a consuming desire to get hold of it. Its 80,000 square miles support about 8,000,000 people, closely al- lied to the Chinese in blood, language, laws and religion. The soil is fertile, though only a small part of it has been turned to ac- count. The mineral resources are large, but still lie almost untouched in the river valleys and on the mountaln sides. The pecple, outside thie governing class, are wretchediy peor and the whole country is a conspicuous object lesson, proving that a naturally rich land may be kept almost a howling wilderness by evil and corrupt gov- ernment. The great burden under which the country.staggers is that it Is taxed to death to support a vicious official class. In theory the offices are the meed of those who have won literary distinetion in compet- itive examinations. | "In practice the exam- inatlons are a farce, and the offices go to those who pay most for them. There are officials without number, from the king's councilors to the governars of provinces and the magnates of the villages and hamlets, and thelr chief business in life is to wring from the common people all the taxes they can pay. A large part of this money clings to their own fingers, as the reward of offices that are purchased, and though the country groans under taxation the government s notoriously impecunious.™ OFFICIAL ARISTOCRACY. This genteel office<holding class, while agreeing that the common people must sup- port them without work, are divided into the flercest of factions on, some other questions. There happen to be more genteel people than there are offices, and the party of the outs have for a long time been led by the father of the king, an unamiable old gentleman, who ruled the country as regent during the minority of his son and was guilty of all sorts of atrocities. His persecution of the Christians and of all foreigners at last brought the warships into Corean harbors and resulted in the treaties that opened Corean ports to commerce. Discontented politicians of the ex-regent’s party stirred up the recent insurrection. Hating all foreigners and particularly the Japanese, who are the predominating forelgn element, the secret agitators employed the double shibboleth of “Down with the tax- gatherers who oppress the people,” and “Turn out the foreigners, who make all the money, while we remain poor.” The Corean peasant, through long suffering, Is quick tempered and is apt to explode at short no- tice when adroit politicians inflame his mind with the contemplation of his wrongs. This has occurred three times within the past fit- teen years. This time the uprising occurred in the region around the capital itself, and of course most of the interest of the foreign element and the government of the king were directly menaced. Thn came the king's appeal to China for troops and Japan's unin- vited occupancy of the capital and the port of Chemulpo with sufficient force to make her master of the situation at the heart of Corea. SKINNING THE COUNTRY. Japan has come forward with entirely new demands. She says she is tired of sending armles into Corea for the purpose of protect- ing her large interests there. What are her interests? ~ Her people engaged thera in trade far outnumber all the other foreigners put together. They have absorbed nearly the entire export trade of the county. They control the mint, though it does not appear that they have done much to improve Cora’s circulating medium. They have established a banking busiuess at the capital and_the amlable king is a large borrower. Very likely he has forgotten the time when he and his government were fres from financial ob- ligations to Japanese money-lenders. With all thelr active and prominent participation in the business of the country, the Japanese are most unpopular. They treat the Coreans as their inferiors and are cordially hated for their supercilious and arrogant airs, But it cannot be denied that though China col- lects the customs, is recognized by King Li Hsl as his suzerain, receives the tribute that annually wends its way from Seoul to Pekin, maintains a resident at the capital whos word Is practically law, and always responds with soldiers to Corca’s ppeals for aid, Japan has valld and important interests in the country and nobody can blame her for trying to safeguard {hem. DEMANDING FISCAL REFORM: Japan demanded that’ China Join her in imposing fiscal reform: upon the country and the correction of poljtical abuses so as to do away with the perildical insurrections that completely upset thé14nd and Inflict great annoyance and damige upon all foreigners engaged there. Thjs sems to be a pro- gressive and a laudable idea, but conservative and suspicious China has declined the pro- posal with thanks. [Her answer was that it was her traditional,policy not to interfere forcibly in the inteyal ,affairs of a vassal state. Thereupon Japan replied that if China would not helphé¥'reform the country she would undertako=she-dask herself. It is this new phase of Corean affairs that may lead to ugly comphitathons and make the Pacific border of Asin, an; object of interest, for awhile, to all nagjons, RUSSIA TAKES A HAND. At this point Russia has made a fow re- marks. She has warned Japan that she will not be permitted to acquire territorial rights in Corea. There is no doubt that China and Japan_would long ago have been at odds over Corea If it had not been for thelr mu- tual fear that Russia would seize upon any international disturbance as a pretext for oc- cupying Corea. Next to India, Russia would like to include this fine peninsula in her Aslatic domain. It would give her the strat- egical and commercial position on the Pa- cific which her ice-bound northern coast does not afford. The Coreans, in very consider- able numbers, are already living In her Amur province of Ussurl, and Russia finds them a hard-working people, who are help- Ing to make the province a fleld of fruit- fulness. There are a number of the finest harbors in the world along the Corean coasts, and Russia, with only Viadivostock, ice-bound half the year, looks with longing eyes at the splendid harbors of Gensan and Fou-san, where her war ships might ride safely at anchor in the most furious gales, with no danger of belng held captive by an foe blockade. THE Chemulpo—where CHIEF TOWNS, the hostile troops are glaring at one another, and where the United States cruiser timore and a British war ship have landed marines to protect the American and English legations—is the port for the capital, Seoul, a walled town of 250, 000 inhabitants, about twenty-five miles in- land, and joined to its seaport by a badly made rond. The harbor of Chemulpo is plcturesque, but the water is very shallow, and the trade of Cor is 80 small that only about once a month can the small steamer of the Nippon Yusen Kaisha (a Japanese company) be seen in the bay. At Chemulpo there are three so-called Buropean hotels, one kept by a Chinaman, the second by a Japanese, the third by a Hungarian, Seoul s in the heart of Corea, and It is the one aim and object of every Corean to live there, for in the city every pleasure and vice is more easy of attainment, and the chances of getting favorite posts by Judicious flattering and canvassing of su- perlors aro muitiplied, The contempt shown for provincial life by all officials and every Seoul born man is most amusing, and those who are obliged to live in the country do nothing but lament their sad and uninter- esting existence, and get together wealth as fast as they can, that they may return to the capital and its pleasures - CONNUBIA After a courtship of two hours James Wood and Miss Mary Stewart were married re cently near pungstown, 0. “They say that for an old bachelor, Jones is putting a good deal of fire into his court ship.” That's natural. He is sparking an old flame.” “I told my friend Emma, under promise of the strictest secrecy, that I am engaged to the lieutenant, and the spiteful thing ac tually kept the secret.’” A bill has been introduced in the French Chamber of Deputies which proposes to re mit the penalties imposed by law for faith lessness to the marriage tie. No matter if a girl has rejected a young man's proposal of marriage because she knew perfoctly well that she didn't care for him, she can never read the news of his marriage to another girl without a little secret pang. Jeems—Miss Gofast has given young Dr. Honeywell the mitten for the third time. But they'll make it up agin. Deems—What makes you think so? Jeems—She's only fol lowing “out his usual “'shake well before taking.” You haven't changed much,” he observed, he lighted a fresh cigar, “since last I “No (she shaded her eyes glaring sunlight . with her gloved Although they seemed preseriptions as saw you.' from the land) “only one husband. were old schoolmates, conver: (o lag. Louis Stevenson, the vice president’s son, was greatly pleased with his appointment to the pay corps of the navy, had his uniform made and was about to file his bond, but, meanwhile, married and went to Burope on his wedding trip and then resigned. No reason has been assigned for his change of mind, but it appears to be, chiefly, a rich father-in-law. Mrs. Fred Burghard, a New York man who married a vaudeville blonde only a year ago, was surprised the other Sunday when he heard his wife's parrot ask, ‘‘What will Fred say?” The parrot also called out in a voice that was not Mrs. Burghard's, “Laura, Laura, come away, come, come, come.” The result is that Laura is gone, and now Mr. Fred Burghard says he “is not half done kicking himself for being such a fool.” - Intelligent parrots are dangerous birds. In Philadelphia a young wfe has brought action against her mother-in-law for $50,000 for wrecking her happiness. The = wife charges that her husband was weaned away from her by the influence of his mother. The young man, who was an only son, im- mediately after marriage took his bride to live at his mother's house, and according to the wife's statement, the mother began at once to poison her fon's mind agalnst his wife. Finally, when they were about to take a deferred wedding journcy to Mexico, the elder woman announced her intention of accompanying them, and the son consented. Thereupon the wife declined to go and the young husband took his wedding trip in company with his mother, leaving his bride at home. Since then the wife claims her husband has treated her coldly and devoted himselt entirely to his mother. The trial of the case will undoubtedly bring out many points of interest regarding the attitude of mothers-in-law. S —— ORANGE BLOSSOMS, By Kate Rush, Now do T greet thee, Alleen-bride! Now I8 thy sweet face smiling shown! And, Oh! this day of anxious pride On which I claim thee as mine own! See! I do bend to wipe aside The dew which fell from pale leaves down To glaze thy cheek; I will not say That 'tis a tear I brush away! Didst dream? Well, tell dreamt; That I, like some dark, honored knight Of old, may calm the fears which lent This doubt unto my lady’s plight. 1T know; the cherubs that had spent Long ‘years in guarding thee took flight Because, forsooth, they envied me The love that I had won from thee! what thou hast I sometimes search thy speaking eyes To rest me when all else is vain, Yet in those placid depths there lfes A something I could ne'er explain F'en so—like stars from sable skies They light me o'er this vast domain! A perf. «dinm, I ween, »PWixt heaven ana earth, for me, Afleen. My heart a_charmed slumber Keeps When thou, sweet one, ¢ t rest thereon; My soul In very yearniig steeps And sinks depressed when thou art gone. Oh! fathom thou for me these deeps, Where love's reflective light hath shone— 7, do not smile at my wild vows, Nor, dublous, arch thy pretty brows! So, T will take thy slender hand 'o lead thee to the altar, sweet, And little care.L who command Riches and fame; I've thee to gree ‘When rain clouds lower o'er the land The calm trust of our eyes shall Minnesota has a dairy school for women. The school census of Colorado shows a decrease from 116,119 in 1893 to 114,479 in 1894, Lewis H. Jones, who has long been su- perintendent of public schools in Indianap- olis, Ind., has resigned to accept a similar position in Cleveland, O. In China, if a man commits a crime, his schoolmaster suffers the same penalties as his pupil, on the ground that he should have taught him better. Yale university, with property valued at $10,000,000, has received an additional sum of $50,000 under the will of the late William Walter Phelps. Miss Annie Thomson Nettleton has re- signed her position in Vassar college to becomo presiding officer of Guilford Cottage, at the Woman's college of the Western Re- serve university, The trustees of the University of Pennsyl- vania have decided to establish a four years' course in natural history. Graduates in this course will receive the degree of Bachelor of Sclence in Biology. Women may take the course, The interesting fact Is developed that the average age of the graduates of the Yale academical department is ncarly 60 years. The oldest living are Rev. Henry Herrick of North Woodstock, Conn., born” March b, 1803, and Rev. Edward Beecher of Brooklyn, born August 20, 1803, both of the class, of 1822, There have been 110 deaths during the past year. Reforms do not go backward, but a very respectable minority of school teachers is agitating the question of reviving corporal punishment. It is claimed, says the Chi- cago Herald, that the efficlency of the schools has decreased 50 per cent sin moral suasion was substituted for switches, and that many children are utterly im- pervious to any other argument than the rattan. It s hardly probable that this re- trogressive policy will be adopted, but it the small boy hears of the discussion his vacation will be clouded by the most gloomy forebodings. He, at least, will not admit that there are two sides to tho ques- tion, e Oregon Kidney Tea cures troubles. Trial size, 25 cents. all kidney All druggists SENATORS WHO DRINKLIQUOR Some of the Most Famous Members Have Disgraced the Senate Chamber, TIPPLING VIEWED AS A MARK OF GENIUS Storles ot Frank Membors Regularly Webster, James Beck Hiscook and Others—Present Who Take Thelr Witters it Not to Excer Dantet WASHINGTON, July 27.—(Correspondence of The Bee.)--The unfortunate scandal of which Senator Allen was the center created some surprise in otler parts of the country, but it did not startle Washington. The natfonal capital has been accustomed to such outbreaks by public men for a century. They are regarded simply as evidences of the ec- centricity which is recognized as the hand- maid of genius. Mr. Allen, by the way, has denied the published stories, but while his denfal will not be met In the senate chamber and his exoneration or attempted exoneration stand alone in the Congres- stonal Record, those who know the facts know that the senator's statement is, to say the least, disingenuous. It Mr. Allen had not denied, but, like Mr Breckinridge of Kentucky, had sought justi fleation in the records of former members of the United States, he could have pointed to the of some of the most distin- guished men who have helped to make the laws of this country. He could have gone back with Mr. Breckinridge to Henry Clay, or he could have quoted the reputation of Daniel Webster. Both of them were pretty steady drinkers and both were at times un der the influence of liquor not only off, but on tho floor of the nte, In fact, Mr. Webster used to find his inspiration ‘when speaking in a glass of gin, which he on the desk before him. Byron drank gin and found it (nspiring. A good story is told of Wi gin. When the great statesman made his celebrated speech on the compromise ques- tion, he was not content with a simple glass of liquor, but had a pitcher of it bafore him. From this pitcher, through the medium of a glass, he frequently refreshed himself. Isaac P. Walker, a senator from Wisconsin had been speaking the day before and had been entitled to the floor before Mr. Web. ster, but seeing the immense assemblage in the galleries, he had gracefully yielded, say- ing that he knew that the audience had come to hear not him, but the senator from Massachusetts. It was Walker, therefore, who took the floor when Webster sat down. During his speech he took from Webster' desk the pitcher of what he supposed to be water and drank part of its contents. He was so surprised that he sputtered and choked, affording the senate much amuse- ment. Mr. Beck of Kentucky, who died only a few years ago, had a glass of colorless Scoteh whisky on the desk before him when ever he made a long speech. It was Beck, you know, that they told the story of the barrel of whisky in which he and Mr. Black- burn, after sampling the liquor, were quite sure there was leather and iron, and when the barrel was emptied, a small nail and a tiny piece of leather were found at the bot- tom. names hster and his HIS INSPIRATION. But to return to Mr. Beck's glass of “in- spiration.”” The Kentucky senator could not speak at his best unless this glass of liquor was before him. His favorite page used to bring it to him without orders whenever the senator rose to make what promised to be an extended speech. Mr. Beck would take a sip of the whisky when he felt his powers flagging and, pulling his coat sleeves above his cuffs, would plunge afresh into his argument. One day the page who custom- arily brought the senator's liquor was absent and the assistant sergeant-at-arms hurried one of the other boys to the restaurant. This boy asked for plain whisky, and the waiter gave him some of the amber-colored variety. Its character was wholly undis- guised and when the glass was put be- fore the senator he looked embarrassed for a moment, while the people near him snick- ered a little. But Mr. Beck was too straight- forward to attempt dissimulation. He drank the whisky and went on with his speech. Mr. Beck had one of the most completely equipped sideboards at the capitol, and that is saying a great deal, for most of the committee rooms were well provided with liquor. Morcover, Mr. Beck had a messenger in charge of his room who was an expert in mixing drinks. So the sessions of the democratic caucus committee, which were held under the direction of Mr. Beck, were never very dry meetings. Next to Mr. Beck, Mr. Edmunds of Vermont had probably the best furnished sideboard at the capitol. Mr. Edmunds always kept a liberal supply of whisky in the room of the committee on Judiciary. But this committee room was ono floor below the senate chamber and although the elevator ran directly to the senato chamber door, Mr. Edmunds did not find it convenient always to make the trip down stairs when he wanted a drink—which was often. So he was a pretty regular visitor to the office of the secretary of the sonate, Mr. McCook, who kept a bottle of very fine Bourbon in a closet. Mr. I munds would come out of Mr. McCook's office rubbing his hand over his mouth in a particularly unctuous way; and every one who saw him come from the office knew Just what he had been doing there. Mr. Edmunds was a very remarkable liquor drinker. Liquor never clouded his mind. In fact the more he had taken, the more clearly he seem to understand the matter which was being discussed in tho senate; and the more readily did his mind grasp the technical possibilities of the situation. For whenever Mr. Edmunds had been drinking up to a cerctaln point of ex- altation, he wanted to throw obstacles in the way of debate. And as no one in the senato was so skilled in parliamentary prac- tice as he, his ingenuity in embarrassing the presiding officer and setting the debat- ers at loggerheads scemed positively devil- Ish. When Mr. Edmunds was engaged in this oheerful occupation ho always stood with an affectation of humility, with his head bowed and his hand in his mouth; and when he had succeeded in putting affairs in an unpleasant snarl, he would sit down and slide down in his chair until he literally sat on the curve of his spine, all_the time smiling and chuckling to him- self. This little peculiarity of the states- man from Vermont will not be forgotten very soon by those who served with him. RIDDLEBERGER-INGALLS ~ \INCIDENT. One of the most sorrowful cas of exces- slve drinking which ever came to the knowledgo of the senate officially was that of Mr. Riddleberger of Virginla. Mr. Rid- dleberger was of a warm-hearted, generous disposition. He drank regularly, but not often to exces: But toward the end of the Fiftieth congress unfortunately he espoused the cause of & man who had been named for & high office in the District of Colum- bla, over whose confirmation there was a prolonged fight. Mr. Riddleberger was this man's especial champion. He did every- thing in his power to have him confirmed. The man, watching his own interests, was a frequent visitor at the capitol. Almost every day he came to consult the Virginla senator about the prospect of his confirma- tion. Almost every day he took the Virginia senator to luncheon and when they sat down together wine always ordered. Under the influence of this wine and of the liquor which he drank Mr. Riddleberger arose on the last night of the session and insisted on being recognized. Mr. Ingalls, the president pro tempore, ordered him to sit down. As he refused to be quiet, Mr, Ingalls declared him under arrest and the sergeant-at-arms (the late Mr. Granaday), with one of his assistants, caught him by the arms and dragged him from the cham- ber. In the executive scssion that night Mr. Danlels, Mr. Riddleberger's colleague, made an impassioned appeal to the senate to have the record of Mr. Riddleberger's arrest erased from the minutes of the senate; and this was done by a unanimous vote, Mr. Ingalls acquiescing. Speaking of Ingalls, were present during his controversy with Mr. Voorhees a fow years ago will forget the scene which ensued when he charged the Indiana senator with having been a copperhead during the war. Mr. Voorh was under the Influence of great excitement. Ho lost control of himself entirely at one none of those who time, and cried out: ““The senator fro Kansas s a great liar and a dirty dog. And out of the noise from the galleries, from the floor and from the pounding of the presiding officer's gavel came the ocalm tones of Mr. Ingalls voice: “Mr. President, It the senator from Indiana were in a polios court he would be nt to the rock plle for being drunk and disorderly.” It was not so many years ago that Senator Eaton used to get into a pretily mellow cone dition whenever there was a night session. And 1t was sald of him that he was the one man whom Ingalls feared; because when he had enough liquor under his waistband he did not hesitate to expross himself very freely, and his command of language was Rreat, Ingalls’ colleague, Plumb, by the way, came very near braining a fellow-sena« tor with a chair during a hilarious game of poker ten or fifteen years ago, and all be- cause he thought he saw six cards in the other senator's hand. WHISKY IN THE CLOAK ROOM. The days of Baton were the days when liquor was kept in tho cloak rooms of the senate, and the bills wero pald out of the contingent fund of the scnate. Before that time a senatorlal bar had been kept by the assistant sergeant-at-arms, Jim Christy, under the staircase at the west side of the senate wing, and before that there had als ways been a supply of liquor for any one to buy on the house side of the capitol, and there was plenty to be had in the executive offices or the cloak rooms at any time. But in those days newspapers were few, and newspaper correspondcnts not so conspious ous they are today. When the “ln- temperance” of the senate breame a matter of public comment the advocates of tem- perance throughout the country made a great scandal of it, and one by one the privileges of the senators were taken from them. The last thing to go was the whisky in the cloak rooms. Apollinaris has taken the place of this, and a great bowl of apolli= naris lemonade is constantly on tap there. The whisky is kept in tie rooms of the com- mittees, but plenty of it can be had in the restaurants of house and senate. There is & solemn rule, adopted in 1866, prohibiting the sale of liquor in the capitol, but that rule has always been a dead letter. It was evaded at first by the sale of whisky in tea- cups under the name of “cold tea,” and this beverage was sold to senators and members only. It is said that when Frank His cock of New York was making a speech in the house one day he sent for some iced tea to clear his throat, and was much disgusted when the page brought him some lquor in & teacup. But “cold tea” is a thing of the past. A senator can now order whisky or mixed drinks in the senate restaurant, and et them served as in any other restaurant or barroom. And so can any employe of the senate, or for that matter, any stranger This was the condition of affairs when Mr, Frye of the prohibition state of Maine was at'the head of the rules committeo, and 1t s 50 now that Mr. Blackburn of the whisky state of Kentucky is the committee chair- man. But there fs no free whisky at the capitol any more. Every senator pays for Nis own drink. And there are no moro free luncheons when the senate holds a night ses- fon, to be paid out of the contingent fund, Senators now buy their own food. But the sergeant-at-arms supplies apoliinaris, and the senate uses up forty cases of that bev- e during a long summer session, to say nothing of the thirly-two dozen lemons which help to make it palatable. Moreover, apollinaris lemonade is supplied to news- paper correspondents as It was in the good old days when Mr. Bright was sergeant-at- arms. It may not be uninteresting to note that the most snobocratic members of the American house of lords are habitual top- ors. They have been covered with the man- tle of senatorial courtesy, and the press gang has never pulled the cover off, for reasons best known to the inner circle of the Gridiron club. A very aristocratic scion of the senatorial nobility is systomatically carried home after long debauches, while another blue blood debauchee is always to be found in the palatial resorts of hell's half-acre when there is a call of the house. Had these men come from the wild and woolly west instead of the effcte east, and the sunny land of Breckinridge there would have been great indignation among the Gridironers. By the way, the stormy episode between Senator Cameron and ex-Senator Van Wyclk is recalled to my mind. Don was glorfously full one day, while Van Wyck, with his rasping voice, made some remarks that ir- ritated the Pennsylvania Scottish Laird, and very nearly brought on a bloody scrap on the floor of the senate. The press gal- lary made no more of this little incident than it did of the ordinary crossfire be- tween old man Hoar and the late Mr. Lonar. The truth fs, the American house of lords is a crystal palace, in which you cannot throw stones with impunity. MAN IN THE GALLERY. A Cure for Chronie Dinrrhoea. I had been troubled with chronic dlar- rhoea for over a yecar when I rccelved a small botle of Chamberlain’s Colic, Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy, which I used and it gave me great relief. I then procured a 50-cent bottle and took about two-thirds of it, and was cured. 1 have taken some twica since when I had a loosness come on and it stopped it at once. I hope it will help others as it helped me. I feel very thankful to Mr. Stearns, the druggist, for teliing me of this remedy and shall be glad to have this letter published. S. C. Weeks, Melrose, Mass. For sale by druggists. ARE YOUR CHILDREN ILL? VISTA WATER. Pure and Wholesome. Recommended byillcst_ Physicians, Telephone 1366, VISTA MINERAL SPRIN( 812 8, 12(h 8L, O spEoIAL SALvor PARROTS, YOUNG OUBAN PARROTS have arrived, Price only s SRt et i o ek Svery” your I Ahd- that " you’ chnnoy patrots * aliine time than §i 500 nelsction, 500 with n Writien gunrane tee to talk. GEISLER’S BIRD STORE, 416 N. 16th, Omuha, FOR SALE. At Fremont, Neb. The balance of the stock of A. 0. Noreen, consisting of Clothing, Furnishing Goods and Hats amounting to about 45,000, This atock will bo wold at loas thin fifty' per cent of 1ta orlg- inal cost, and would make s dostrable nous clous for parties desiring to start In business, orequully, desirablo tobe vacked up wnd res moved. The store and fixtures can be had It desired. Apply on the promlsos at FREMONT, NEBy to & 0! NOREN