Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, April 30, 1894, Page 6

6 NEW HISTORY OF OMAHA Labor of the Late Jndge Sayage Completed by Johin Bell. WELL EXECUTED WORK OF INTEREST Men and Events that Wi Making of City some iliusirations jeal Fentures, s ¥actors in the Full of Hand- Blograph- A now Munsell & Co ‘Mistory of the City of Omaha,’ publishe Printing taining over 700 pa Rees 1 published. s to [ be ubject, 4 publish o Its ¢ prepared fine to fllustrations, eel portraits, and literary to art its sts who have lly its many above all th who with great ability and commendable care have prepared the sixty-seven clapters of its varied con- tents, fllustrating the beginning, the growth, and the proud consummation of the most enterprising and beautiful of the newer cities of the great interior of the country While the publishers, who rank among the most responsible of the book makers of the country, undertook the somewhat hazardous pecuniary responsibility of so large and complete an historical work, are not T snts of the city, the entire labor, both literary and mechanical, of its prepa has been done in Omaha. The several sub jects have been treated by gentlemen, who if not to the “manner born,” at least have had personal knowledge of the matters which have en pens, and for the most part have been pre inent factors in the growth of the institutions and busi- ness of the city. The facts ing upon personal memory and other data are abso- Tntely reliabie, and these pages will remain as an authentic memorial of the foundation and early history of what has become the “Gate City" of the great interlor Referring to the origin of the enterprise, the following statement is made in the pref- ace: “Fortunately for the citizens of Omaha, with all their love of home, pride of mate- rial prosperity and ambition for a still greater future that 18 so intimately blended therewith, Judge James W. Savage, a resi- dent long prominent in life and deeply mourned in death, had for years preserved many facts and incidents of historical asso- clation with the city, intending to publish them when opportunity offered. Professional and business responsibilities caused this fm- portant work to be deferred from time to time, until in December, 1888, the opportu- nity to secure an early consummation of his plans was presented. Judge Savage at this t sociated with him in the work of de- tafled preparation John- T. Bell, and they Jointly arranged with the publishers and ued * * % a pledge to their fellow citi- zens to use their best endeavors to render the work a comprehensive, discriminating, truthful and relizbie history. “These gentlemen, with their accustomed zeal, at once entered upon the task of writ- ing the book, and prior to his last illness Judge Savage had the early chapters com- Ploted, and with his associate had outlined the work. Mr. Bell thereupon devoted him- self to the writing of the remaining portions of the book." WELL QUALIFIED TO WRITE. The distinguished author had rare quali- fications for a work of this kind, which he undertook amidst pressing professional re gponsibilities from a love of the subject. He was, at the time of his decease, president of the Omaha club, president of the Nebraska Historical soclety, a lover of Jocal history, and a voluminous writer upon the early history of the west. The first fif- teen chapters of this work, most of which proceeded from his pen, are of thrilling in- terest, not only as relating to the imme- aiate history of Omaha, but also as embrac- ing events pertaining to the exploration and settlement of the great interior basin of the country. : Beginning with a_sketch of Coronado's expedition in 1540, in which, after having found the romantic “seven cities of Cibola,"” gomewhere in the territories now known as Arizona and New Mexico, he led his little army of explorers and conquerors through a weary march of 700 miles to the northeast, and, penetrating the limits of what 1s now the state of Nebraska, found the kingdom of Quivira, so long sought for. Next the expedition of the Epaniard Onato in 1599 is mentioned, and the later one under Count of Penalosa in 1662, which penetrated as far as Ne- braska and found the famed land of Quivira. The author believes the site of this favored reglon to have been in the valley of the Loup, near its entrance into the Platte. Summing up the evidences, he concludes that he has “a right to consider it proved that at time of the Spanish conquest in America there were in the eastern half of the terri- tory which now forms the state of Ne- braska populous communities, having many tralts in common with the 'Aztecs, living together In towns and cities, but unac- quainted with the rudiments of agricul- ture, dwelling in houses, and able to fashion the necessary weapons for the chase, and by the potter's art, the common utensils of domestic use.” Successive chapters trace the early ex- plorations which developed the transmis- souri region, that of Father Marquette, n 1073; that of the Mallet brothers fn 1739, which gave a name to the Platte river, and the transfer of sovercignty of Loulslana from France to Spain In 1762, its recession to France in 1800, and its purchase in 1803 and incorporation into the territory of the United States. Before the treaty of cession had been ratified an expedition was started to explore the region westward to the Pa- cific, under charge of Lewls and Clark. In July, 1803, the expedition passed up the Missouri past the rolling bluffs that now are traversed by the 'streets of ,picturesque Omaha, but saw no signs of the coming civilization and no life except that of the wild natives of the plains. A few years later Manuel Lisa, an enter- prising French trader, ascended the Missour! almost to its source for furs and peltries and afterwards established the Missouri Fur com- pany. In the spring of 1811 Mr. H. M. Breckenrldge, a Maryland barrister, In a spirit of curiosity and fondness for adventure, dec!ded to accompany one of the expeditions of the traders, and on Sunday, May 12, he went on shore and wandered several miles through shrubby hills, sceing a number of elk and deer. Towards evening he entered a charming prairie and tested its rich black soil. “There can be no possible doubt that this afternoon’s walk was over a portion, at least, of the ground which now forms Omaha, and it was perhaps the first walk for recrea- tion ever taken upon its site by a white man."" An_exploring expedition was sent out In 1819 by John C. Calhoun, the secretary of war, under the command of Major Stephen H. Long. It was conveyed by the Western Engineer, the first steamboat that ascended the muddy Missouri, and on the 15th or 16th of September passed the plateau on which Omaha stands. BELLEVUE SETTLEMENT. n 1810 a trading post and fort had been established at Hellevue by the American Fur company, which became the residence of Peter A. Sarpy, who gave soul, vivacity and notorfety to the pleturesque and beautiful spot for more than thirty years, In 1833 Rev. Moses Merrill of the Baptist church established the first Protestant mission at Bellevue. The following year Rev. Sumuel Allis, under the auspices of the Presbyterian Board of Missions, opened a school for the [nstruction of the Pawnees, at first at a place known as Council Point, but on account of the hostiltly of the Sioux soon removed it to the agency at Bellevue. This agency had been originally established at Council Bluffs, now Known as Fort Calhoun, but in 1823 was removed to Bellevue, which then for a time assumed the name of Council Bluffs, the lowa town now known by that appelation being entitled Mormon Hollow Rev. Samuel Parker and Dr. Whitman un- dertook an exploring expedition in 1835 un- der the ausplces of the American Board of Missions, penetrating to Oregon and the Pa- cific coast. They turned from their course at the agency and examined the surrounding country. Mr. Parker, after describing the country upon the west of the valley of the Missourl, says: “But few places can pre- to | ot | Ited the r efvilized population shall add the fruits of their industry, but few can be more desir- able. The time not far distant, when this country covered with a denss populatiof.” The first settlement within the limits of Omaha was made in 1825 by J. B. Royce, who huilt a stockade and trading post at a point on or near (he present block formed by Dodge street, Capitol avenue, Ninth and Tenth streets, which maintained for tiree yoars, wheo, from some nnknown cause he ieft. Fiom this time until 1854 the site the clty was uninhabited and unvisited, by wandering Indlans, emigrants to the far west, Mormons fleeing from persecu- tion, and occasionally curious and covetous claim seekers from the state of Towa. An Interesting chapter is devoted tg th Otoes, th ahas, the Poncas and the Pawneog, the tribes of red men who inhab. glon In primeval times and hunted over the broad plains. The real sottloment of the organization of the Territory braska by act of congress passed 1854, The first plat was made by cll Blufts and Nebraska Ferry company, Alfred D, Jones being employed to make arvey and Captain C, H. Downs c e chain and driving the stakes. Mr. Mrs. William P, Snowdon enjoy the honor of being the oldest continuous res dents of the city, having located here Ju 4, 1854, moving Into a log structure erected by the Town Site company. In the fall A D, Jones built a house on a claim he had taken northeast of the town site and Mr William B. Brown located goon afterward Among the pioneers who came the same r were Dr. George L. Miller, 0. D. and Lyman Richardson, A. J. Poppleton, John M. Thayer, Ji and Dr. Enos Lowe and jeneral Experience Estabrook. Hon. Francis Burt of South Carolina was appointed governor of the new territory, but only survived his arrival ten days. Upon his decease Hon. Thomas B. Cuming, secretary of the territory, became acting governor. He called the territorial legis- lature to assemble at Omaha, thus giving to the ambitious little city that prestige which enabled her not without importunity, lavish expenditures of money, great parliamentary shrewdness and even at times a resort to the powerful logic of fisticuffs, to retain Its position as the metropolis for nearly thir- teen year A clalm posed of officered sheriff, the use will be excopt the city folloy of May the Cou association was organized, com- the ng ploneers of 1854-5, by a judge, clerk, recorder and under whose authority (usually by of moral suasion, but prepared to inflict harsher measures If necessary) the allotment and protection of the early local claims were mad OMAHA INCORPORATED. The legislative enactment by which Omaha was Incorporated bears date of February 2, This year brought a large number ttlers, many bringing families, and was one of activity and promise. Among the arrivals of the year appear the names of James B. Boyd, Dr. N. C. Richardson. Wil- liam A. Paxton, Charles W Hamilton, Her- man and Augustus Kountze, Joseph and Ezra Millard, A. F. Salisbury, the Patricks, the Creightons, Charles C. Woolworth, J. W. Van Nostrand, S. A. Orchard, Frederick Krug and Clinton Briggs. During the years following the incorpora- tion of the city, its growth was moderate, The census of 1860 showed a population of 1,861, It had only the advantage of a pleasant site, an invigorating atmosphere, access to the Missourl river for commercial purposes, and was backed by a fertile region which was rapidly filling up with farmers, It suffered from the finaneial panic of 1 and from theirain which the civil war o casioned in 1861. The Incorporation of the Union Pacific railway in 1862, with its ex- tensive land grant and munificent govern- ment subsidy and the adoption of Omaha as the Initial point of the first and the only contemplated transcontinental railroad line gave it an impetus which brought it to the attention of the country and soon placed it in the front rank among the newer cities of the west. The road was only completed seven years afterwards, but the fact of il construction, the bridging of the Missouri river, the erection of shops and the vast business which the building of the line brought to the city soon made it a hive of industry and a commercial and financial metropolls. Thereafter its growth —was rapid and substantial, The census of 1870 showed a population of 16,083, that of 1880 30,618, while the last enumeration of 1800 gives it the marvelous number of 140,452 inhabitants. Among other celebrities that the Union Pacific brought to Omaha was George Francis Train, whose name is indissolubly linked with that of the city. His portrait appro- priately forms the frontispiece of this vol- ume. It is not that of the venerable, but eceentric man who, with snowy locks, clad in a sult of whife duck, with twinkling eyes and graceful bearing, assumed the suc- cess of the Columbian exposition of 1893, but rather that of a man of 33, with comely features and plercing eye, Wwhose bold genfus, magnetic eloquence and organizing skill, constituted the motive power of the Unfon Pacific enterprise. He became an tensive proprietor in Omaha, built hotels, organized gigantic credits, set on foot other railroad enterprises, and In his frequent journeys around the world spread the fame of Omaha from the oceident to the orlent. Besides the authors in chief, much interest- ing matter has been contributed to the work by the learning and taste of other writers of local renown. Well known names are afiixed to several chapters, that on the hench and bar is by George W. Ambrose, now judge; libraries, by Mrs. Mary Allen Bock; the medical profession, by Drs. W. F. Milroy and A. H. Hanchett; banks, by A. P, Hopkins; art, by Joseph T. Duryea, D. D.; soclal life, by Mrs. John C. Caroll. Many others whose names are given in the pre face have by their counsel and contributions of facts enhanced the value of the work. Other subjects treated in a more or less exhaustive manner are: Vigilance commit- tees, incidents and experiences, military his- tory, notable visitors, the press, liquor law: navigation, benevolent —and charitable societies, hotels, water works, theaters, schools, churches, cemeteries, police and fire Qepartments, social socleties, transportation lines, parks, commerce, manufacturing, and ; hers. A O hpters are devoted to South Omaha and its many important institutions, written by C. W. Butterfield of that city. He is also the author of a majority of the biographies in the Omaha history. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. many readers the biographical sketches e Y anty pagcs Wil be the most inter- esting part of the work. History is but the acts of individual men, wrought together into institutions and administrations, The differ- ence between savage and civilized life and between one phase of the latter and another, consists only in the higher qualities and character of the one above the other. The civie Iife of Omaha is a briet one, compri Ing little more than the active work of a single generation, but the men and women Who have wrought out their magnificent des- tiny were of high character and sterling worth, They were chiefly young. Their characters were formed and their minds de- Veloped amid the older institutions of the country. They brought with them loyal de- Votion to religion and education; they in- fused into the new community enthusiasm; they established homes, and in all the line of labor, of professions, and employments, they worked from high ideals. In these biographical sketches traced the personal characteristics which have moulded successful men, and the strange and often providential events which have impelled them to their destiny. In each individual is seen some peculiar endowment, some special fitness, which combining In efort with those of different talent has wrought out a high and pros- perous municipal life. While the lives of many of equal prominence, and quite as worthy to be chronicled, are omitted, the sketches which are contained In this his- tory exhibit with tolerable fullness the men who have made Omaha. They represent all classes and lines of effort. ~ Some are distinguished as public ofiiclals, some as merchants and traders, lawyers, physiclans, Qivines, teachers, men of affairs and men of thought. In reading the history of a life and trac- ing the character of a man, it Is a great ald and satisfaction to look upon his features and note the physical form in which his character is expressed. In most cases the biographies are accompanied by steel plate portraits in the highest style of the en- graver's art. The:e with the illustrations of street views and public bulldings with which the book is plentifully embellished form a gallery of art, appropriately and beautifully illustrating the city of Omaha As time goes on these will be highly valued Future generations will turn these pages with fascinated Interest and as they look may be Aent @ prospct more Invitng, and when a [ upon the fuces of venerated progenitors wiil will come, and probably fs | [yt THE_OMAHA_ DAILY BE o descended are heirs of feel a glow of pride that they from so goodly an ancestry an such a magnificent herltagb. BOOK R “All About Sweet Peas,” by Rev. V. T. Hutchins, purports to be a complete epitome of literature in this fragrant annual, and its 131 pages are coplously illustrated. Paper, 20 cents, W. Atlee, Burpee & Co. Philadelphia “Zachar: Edwin Lassetter of the romantic VIEWS, Phips,” a historical Bynner, deals incidents of old revolu tionary times, a period that will never se to be interesting. It is written in a y realistic style, and its contrasting characters add charm to the story. Paper, 60 _cents. Houghton, Miflin & Co., ioston Persons interested in forestry will find valuable information in a small treatise, “Biltmore Forest,” the property of George W. Vanderbilt. it contains an account of Its treatment and the results of the first 's work. It Is written by Gifford Pin- chot, consulting forester. The subject de- rives speclal interest from the fact it treats of the first practical application of forest management in the United States. “Side Lights on the Fithian Free Ship BIll” by Fichard P, Joy, is a_ pamphiet presenting some facts touching the present condition of our marine, “There was a time when American commerce was carried 90 per cent in American vessels; it is now carrled 90 per cent in foreign vessels.” The fpcts revealed should make every Amer- fcan blush at the stupidity with which we have neglected our marine, Published by Richard P. Joy, Detroit, Mic A delectable set of tales, together with a few colloquial sketches, are keeping fellow- ship under one binding and title, “Li Little Ironies,” by Among these tales are “For Consclence's Sake," agedy of Two Am- bitions,” *“On the Western Circuit,” *To Please’ His Wife,” “The Melancholy Hussar of the German Legion,” and others. Cloth, $1.25. Harper & Bros., New York. Sold by Megeath Stationery Company, Omaha Those who enjoy reading a bright, cheery story told in a pleasant manner will find their wants satisfied in “A Soldier and a Gentleman,” by J. McLaren Cobban, It re- lates of an English youth who has seen service In the army and, who, withdrawing into civilian life, gets into a compromising position while making love to a pretty girl with a good string of dots, but saves his honor and wins his suit in the end. Cloth, $1. Lovell, Coryell & Company, 43-47 Hast Tenth Street, NewYork. “A New Story of the Stars” pamphlet in which Prof. A. W. Bickerton presents a theory of “partial impact,” claim- ing that it “gives a perfectly simple explana- tion of the origin of temporary variable and double stars, and accounts for ail their pe- culiarities, It explains the formation of multiple stars, star clusters and also modes of evolution of every definite form of nebu- las.” 1f the theory does half it is repre- sented to do it marks a great advance in astronomic science. Whitcombe & Tombs, Limited, New Zealand. The amateur gardener will derive much pleasure _and instruction in “The Beautiful Flower Garden,” by the well known Boston artist, F. Schuyler Mathews. The text of this unique book is flluminated with nearly 200 sketches from nature, and six exquisite half-tone plates, showing complete artistic designs in gardening. The book Is the pro- duct of a professional grower and abounds with practical suggestions and clear, simple directions. Paper, 50 cents postpaid. W, Atlee Burpee & Co., Philadelphia. Lovers of war storics with all the harrow- Ing adventures pertaining to these disturbed times will be able to regale their desires to their hearts' content fn “‘For Honor and Life,” a novel by William Westall. This story abounds in adventures in and around Paris by one of the Swiss guard who re- sisted the attack on the Tuillerles, occur- ing carly during the French revolution and ending in the massacre of 1792 It ends in a strong climax. Cloth, ornamental, $1. Harper & Brothers, New York. Sold by Megeath Stationery Company, Omaha. Departing from the haunts’ of Roman life Marion Crawford, in his new novel, atharine Lauderdale,” lifts the curtain upon scenes and events in the American metropolis, Among the upper ten in New York life the author reveals the same painted animal, man, with all the hidden passions in reserve moving about like an angel until the removal of the mask of re- straint discovers to the reader the duality of his nature. There is no limit to the maelstrom of strife and envy, love, jealousy and hatred, that mingle in the social stream. Cloth; two volumes, $2. Macmillan & Co., New York. Still another book on “The World's Con- gress of Religions” has been offered to the public. It is edited by Prof. C. M. Stevans and is a complete and conclse history of that great convocation of efvilization. The golden truths which there found expression are here presented in convenient form and the most instructive and representative informa- tion, divested of all the essential sermoniz ings and explanations of such stupendous subjects, has been carefully gathered into this book for the discriminating reader, so that all may profit by that great congress of creed and parliament of faith. Paper, b cents. Laird & Lee, Ch A dainty volume that will be sure to please the little omes of our country is “The Wee Ones of Japan,” In which the youngsters of Nippon are portrayed with pen and pencil in all their quaint antics, as seen by an American, Mae St. John Bramhall, who has incorporated in its pages the results of two years observation in the land of the rising sun. The work is ex- ceedingly entertaining as well as amusing, entering as it does into the households of both high and low, and giving portrayals of social functions, art training, educational methods, play time hours and a thousand and one details acurately drawn from life. Ilustrated, 16 mo., cloth, ornamental. Har- per & Bros. Sold by Megeath Stationery Company, Omaha. A unique study of many of the character- istics of English life are portrayed in “‘Our English Cousins,” by’ Richard Harding Davis, who visited England for the express purpose at the request of Messrs. Harper, The first paper describes ‘‘Three English Race Meetings,” the famous Derby, Ascott and Hanley contests—affording wholly new glimpses of these exciting events in the so- clal life of our English cousins. Election life and undergraduate life at Oxford and West and East End of London are special features vividly brought before the reader. Illustrations are numerous and very ef- fective in interpreting the text. Cloth, ornamental, $1.25, Harper & Bros., New York. Sold by Megeath Stationery’ Com- pany, Omaha, “The Jewish Question and the Mission of the Jews," written by an anonymous au- thot, opens with the query, “Is there a Jewish question at all?’ He then proceeds, contending that there is none in the same scnse In which we would speak of a labor question. Regarding thelr association with finance and money the author ably presents the facts showing that such association has been purely accldental and not essential to them; that the restriction of his oppor- tunities 'In the middle ages to a narrow sphere of activity, coupled with his su- perior mentality and character or stability of purpose, afterwards reinforced by the stimulus of success in these channels, de- termined his connection with commerce and finance, Cloth, $1.75. Harper & Bros, New York. Sold by Megeath Stationery Company, Omaha, Under 'the caption “The Coming sond,” what is called the **Acrodromic sys- tem” is described in contrast with othe methods of locomotion. In deseribing it the writer says “The Aerodromic system is in hrief a compromise between the present railways and aerial navigation. It elimi- nates from the former problem the obsta es to great speed, namely, grades, grade. crossings and lateral curves, and from the latter those of starting. stoppiug and guid- ing. Like Antacus, by its contact with earth it draws from it an inexhaustible and economic supply of power; difficulties in the way of flying, which for the present, at least, seem insuperable.” The projectors of the system appear to have solved the problem, and are very sanguine of its suc- cess, but practical tests are still to be made th rystallizes Into a fact The Chase-Kirchner Aerodromic System, 401 0dd Fellows building, St. Louis, Mo. The third volume of the “Orations and Addresses of George William Curtis” now issued completes the publication of this ad- mirable memorial of the man who has been fitly called “Our Puritan Cavalie In this volume Prof. Norton has grouped tho mot important of the historival and memorial addresses, made by Mr. Curtls during a period of more than twenty years, beginning with the tribute to Major General John Sedgwick delivered at the dedication of his statue at West Point, in 1868, and closing with the address upon James Rus el Lowell, made before the Brooklyn lnstitute in 18 novel by with some is a brief Rall- 189, Banker Olows S'n&u that ig the Solution of the Presont Bubiness Situation, LABOR WILL BE FORCED TO SUBMIT Stubborn Resistance to the Downward Ten- dency Only Aggravates tho Depression ~Activity Will Retarn When this Question is Settle WNEW YORK, April 20.—Henry Clews, head of the banking house of Henry Clews & Co., writes thus of the situation in Wall street “Wall street fs still over a situation beset one kind or another, The crops, the tarif, the currency, the spectre of financial tionalism, the significance of the new tramp element in politics, the wide prevalence of ikes and the new peace element in Burope, with its probable effects upon inter- cautiously with uncertainty of brooding national investments—all these matters, im- portant in fhemselves and some of them fraught with significant possibilities, are felt to demand attention, and yet for the moment they are in a condition of sus- pense. Perhaps there Is nothing in any of them that conveys any distinct menace, but the fact that changes are impending in so many matters which may more or less in- fluerice the future of investment is calcu- lated to hold business fn suspense, Trans- actions are therefore of a fragmentary char- acter and there are no symptoms of any large concerted movements calculated to materially affcct values. Holders of the floating supplies of securities, however, sec nothing to disturb their confidence and raiders find nothing to encourage attacks, but are wary in their tactics. n one polnt there is a very general agreement—that within two to four months the principal of these uncertainties will have been settled; and the expectation is very general that the results will contribute to material recovery of confidence and a large revival of business. The probabilities of the moment point to the enactment of the tariff bill, Lut in a form more lenlent toward manu- facturers than was’ proposed in the measure as it was passed by the house of representa- tives, Those amellorations have a tendenc: to encourage confidence. The rates of duty, however, are perhaps less important to the major part of our industries than the rates of Upon a wide range of products the present duties g0 beyond the strict requirements of pro- tection and the new duties will suffice to keep out the foreign goods. This Is a rule of wide application; but more than this is most probably needed. There has been a general reduction on the prices of the foreign goods with which our manufacturers have to com- pete, and to meet that change it may be found necessary that there be a reduction in the rate of wages. That is the one condition upon which a successful resumption of active business is more or less dependent. The general demand in the manufacturing and mining industries for lower wages thus be- comes a matter of the first importance to the revival for which all interests are hoping. So far, the trades unions are offering stub- born resistance, upon a broad scale, to this demand; and {t does mot secem impossible that the struggle may be prolonged. That labor will have to yleld in the end there can be no doubt, for manufacturers are now in no position to continue doing business at a loss and will prefer stopping thelr works to taking that course. It thus becomes a question whether, following the tariff uncer- tainties, we are to have a labor conflict. Upon that hangs the further question—when may we hope to see our Industries restored to a basis of reasonably active prosperity? Could the doubts on that point be removed there would be a solid basis of confidence in the revival of trade; for, In all other re- spects, the country is prepared for an active resumption of trade and for the undertak- ing of enterprises that would afford free employment for labor and capital. For our part, notwithstanding the present unyielding attitude of labor, we in- cline to the opinion that a rational public opinion wlill bring about a second thought among the unions that will bring them to soon accept the Inevitable. There is no other possible event that could so greatly conduce to a quick revival of business. Whilst probably most manufacturers might defer the resumption of work until the tarift bill was finally enacted, yet no oue familiar with the present anxiety to employ immense accumulations of idle capital will have any doubt that, under such circumstances, ways would be found for starting up a vast amount of non-manufacturing enterprise. The bullding trade would revive under the inducements of cheaper costs of materials and work. The last four years of nominal railroad construction has created oppor- tunitles for the building of new roads, and the needful capital s only waiting for the opportunity that lower wages would afford. But low rates of interest will not force in- vestment into these sources without terms of labor that will insure costs of construc- tion proportioned to the lower basis of prices that has come apparently to stay. We are therefore upon the verge of a possibility, and we may hope of a probability, in the labor market that will suddenly change the whole aspect of Dbusiness and introduce a return to comparative prosperity. ““The remarkable blds for the Paris loan, amounting to 100 times the sum of bonds offered, and the offers for the German loan to three times the amount sought, are strik- ing evidences of the extraordinary surplus of funds in Europe secking employment. This is not without significance to our own investments. When the questions now pending in congress have been disposed of the uncertainties which now temporarily check the European demayd for our issues will disappear, and New York will be bene- fited by the investment demand of London, Paris and Berlin.” CHICAGO GRAIN MARK of Saturduy's Trading, Closing Quotations. CHICAGO, April 28,—Speculation was in a waiting mood today in the wheat market. Compared with closing prices of the day be- fore there was a %c decline. Corn was limp and lost half of the previous day’s advance value. Provisions could not stand the amount of short selling which was done and closed lower. Trading in May wheat was relegated to a secondary position, such business as was doue in it being confined entirely to buying in or selling out of previous contracts. The market was without feature and the fluctu- ations were limited to %c in both May and July. Dullness was again coupled with weakness in the corn pit. The favorable conditions prevailing, together with the prospect of in- creasing receipts, caused the weakness. Scarcity of new bisiuess and the dsinclina- tion of traders to change their positions ac- counted for the dulliess. The lowest point of the day prevailed at the close. The weakness in the other markets in- fluenced oats to some extent. Hess took quite a fair amount of May as well as July. Bids for the latter month were free during most of the session and a comparatively steady feeling existed, showing a net decline of only ¥c at the cloge, while the other de- liveries were from %e to e off. Provisions were again weak on fear of labor troubles, Compared with yesterday’s cloging quotations, losges are shown of 12ic to 16c in pork, 7%¢ in lard and 2}gc in ribs. BEstimated recelpts fbr Monday: Wheat, cars; corn, 456 cars; oats, 350 cars; hogs, 000 head. The leading fututes ranged as follows: Articles. | Oven.f-Eigh. [_Low. | Close. - Wheat. No. 2| April Muy TS, Features with 673 654 60G00YS 874 67 o8I 60 3 473 | 38@isg Oiuts No. 2. May. June. 1 July Sept...; .0 Pork per bb) My 1 July Lird. 100 1bs Muy July, Sop’ | short Riva Miy July et Cash_quotations were FLOUR—Dull and lower; winter patents, §2.80 MONDAY. APRIL_30, WAGES DIUST, BE LOWERED pring paten $1.6003,0. 3 spring. ALEnIRh S SAT-No Vo, 2 red 3e; No. fominal: No, 8, nominal; No. No, 1, $1.24 Prime, $4.2501.90 pork, _per bl T, 00, saite ar, #lde Short ribw Woxed), #6.871 s WHISKY-=<Distillors’ $1.15 SUGARS The follc for today “Ariicles, Nnished goods, per gal., e S Teceipts. Wheat, bn Corn, bu Onts, b Rye. bu Brley, bu. 2.000 | 000 000 215000 2000 1.000 B.000 On the Produes eschange 1o m ot wis quiet and weak, ereauiers, 14 1l@10e. Eggs, firm; 100 ¥ the bt BUTTER--There A faie domand for stock. The market remains stationar e rator crenmery, 2a2le; extra faney roll, 15G1ic; ch @ie; packing stock, 748 and fs Tighter and whilc tantially unchanzed a weaker fe Fletly fresh eggs, 0G91.0; & prices ing 18 onds, are sub manifes BUTTER but tor 7e; ehole of fancy (el 1ol stock! There 18 a growing searclty stherwise the mariet 18 un creamery le: extra fancy country, 12014c; packing e recelpts continue very heavy, and ce of o shipping demand the market Ker, Strictly fresh eges, 90815 LIVES 1 cally unc Hens, o7c; {@ic; old GAME: are’ unchang 200225 bi The prices conditions heing 1 practi steady, st lght and_prices 225 Mends, wing teal, 4,50, supplY but good 1, fat veals, ; thin or 13e; California, and cans, per nits, filberts, dium, almo peeans, large, 11! bbl, $4: half bhl per bbl., $5; half bbl i hale $295; qtanhl 5 2.0, £ bbl., ¢ bbl., $4.5 VEG California stern navy, beans, $1.50m1 TONS—Oni onions, in bbls., $2.75. ATOIS—Minnesoti ts, from store, 5 agka and 1o from from store, Sic; Cd ed’ potatoes, ¢ Rose, 90ca$1.00, fda cabbage, enbbage, per 1b., e, ‘alifornia, §1 \toes, inach, ' per lettuce, " pe L per doz., 1007 hand-picked white $LT041.50; navy re_anoted on orders at 80 00¢; POy grown am store, potatoes, in In car lots, Sie; G3@T0; Colo- lots, 83¢; Salt Ohilo, $1.10% Early per crate, $3.25 : radishe ., 80c 3@d0c; cucumbers, $1.50 parsle doz. $2.25: onions, oz, doz., 407dic; turnips, Aoz, 60c; beets, per doz,, T8 per H-bu.' box, $350; water cress $175a2.00; Florida’ tomatoes, per G-Ib, $4.50G4.00; new potatoes, per 50-1b. box, squashes, per bu., $2; pie plant, per doz. 3 uda_onions, p Fancy westérn, $2 Out of ‘the markct. Floridas, nor quart, 25@30c; e, $6.5067.00. TROPICAL FRUITS, BANANAS—Per bunch, large, $2. to medium, 41 LIZMONS-M; ORANGES. Floridas, CALIFORNIA ORANGES Riverside Washington seedlings, $3; Redland 5 per box. Texas, per $@2.75; small cholce, $3.50. choice Riverside seedlin naval navi 1ana Pas seed- Faney, per 1b, ~Hullowees, 6 16e. to 70-1b. boxes, per Ib., PINDAPPLES—Large, per doz.. small o medium, per doz., $2.503.00. FURS. 1 black, large, $8.000110,0° $2.00@3.25; BEAR—No. dium, $ large; $1 cubz,” Ini $20.00g25.00; me- lack yeurlings. Emall 3 bl K £.00G6.00; ani iy mountain, 0 medium, $14; small, $10; black tana y ngs, large, $12; medium, $§8; 11, $5; black Montana cubs, larke. $6.50; medium, 3 ; small, §3; silver tip, large, § medium, $12; ‘small, '$8: sliver tip yearlings, lavge, 311 Imedium, $8; small, $5; sllver tip cubs, large, 30; medium, $4.50; nall, $3; brown, ‘ge, § 2. medium, §I ) Iings, 0; me |, 3 e, rie, 0. 1, 5; small, § wmall, 50 $6; small,” $4; Tox, sliver, Targe, $ aceord) $2; $1; gray, 'la " large, lo: No. 1, large. 33, ‘marten. No. 1, larg: s1; mink, nedfum, 75¢i _smail, large, medium, in 1ion, perfect h imperte medium, large, §7; medium, $5 targe, 8)c; medium, eaut fum, ording 1o’ beaut emall, $0 silver, to_beau rge, $50; medium, cross, large, meium, s Iarge, $1.50; mi §1 T6e; medium, 50¢; 51 dium, 40c; small, 20 $2; small, $1.50; small r. ‘pale. N oon, No. S8 MO, Tagtl, 18 5007$2.00; skunk, black, medium, Toc; smally medium, 0 1 Sho;, medium, 400 s 20G2c; Wo ge, dlum, $2 small, $1.50; prairie, meditm, Small. §0c; beave 1 large, $5.006.00; medium, $1.5 large, $2; medium, SLEO: #mail, 75c; winter, No. 1 large, 10@11c; medium, Te: fall, large, S@Jci medium, 7c; small, G large, 2@lc. HIDES, TALLOW, ETC. HIDES—No. n hides, 2isc: No. 1 green salted hides, No. 2 ‘grecn falted hides, 11a2; No. 1 veal calf, 8 1bs. to 15 Ibs., 61c; No. 2'\eal calf, § 1Ls. to 15 1bs., Ge; No. 1 dry’ flint hides, Sc; No. 2 dry flint hides, 3c; No. 1 dry salted hides, 4c. Part cured hides ¢ per Ib, less than fully cured. SHEEP PELTS—Green salted. each, 25760 green salted shearlings (short-wooléd §kins), ench, 6G10e: dry shearlings (short-wooled carly ‘skin), No. 1, each, 5@l0c; dry shearlin, (short-wooled early’ skins). No. 2, each, Se; ary flint, Kansas and Nebraska butcher wool _pelts, per ‘b, actual weight, 5@Sc: dry fiint. Kansas and Nebraska muriain wool pelts,” per actual_weight, 4@se; drs flint, Colorado butch: wool pelts, per Ib. actual weigh 705 dry fint, Colorado murrain wool pelts, pér Ib., actual Welght, 46 TALLOW AND GREASE—Tallow, No. 4%c; tallow, ‘No. 2, 3% grease, white B, 8%c; greas 10: old butter, 27 Toukh tallo; ped, stripe Duluth Gram April 28 cash, 61%; DULUTH, No. 1 hard, 3 No. - inspection taday: Wh BIPTS—\Wheat, none, SHIPMENTS—Wheat, 211,760 b Stock of wheat In store will ghow a dec of over 1,000,000 b the weuk 3 white, 3c. at, 1; corn, C; u. City Markets. WHEAT-14@ 0, 0014 No. 2 red, se; No. lower; No. 2 mixed, $3@%ike; 2 mixed, 3c; No. 2 white, amery, 10G20c; dairy, 15 i corn, 700 bu. Wheat, none; corn, none; ocats, Ol Markets. 'Y, Pa., April 2%.—> opened, K3, highe 5 sales, 11,000 bbls, . 101,628 by, Pa., April 25 certificates opened at 83 cloxed, lowest, 85, nal iy 83 1 i shipm ansit cor west, K nts, 7, ational highest, 8 “riseo Whent Quotatic N FRANCISCO, April AT E Quict; May, $1.07; December, $1.18%; new sellcrs, #1031 TOCK MARKET! Receipts for the We Mue than for the Week Prec SATURDAY, April This has been a week of very unevenly distributed receipts, Compared with last week, there has been a decrease all around, ttle show Lighter ding. while compared with a year ago c a decrease and hogs and sheep an increase With an average run of stock Monday, the four months receipts, compared with sup plies for the corresponding perlod a year ago, will show a decrease of about 41,000 cattle and 24,000 sheep, while the incre in hog recelpts will amount to nearly 130,000 Receipts for the week with cgmpari shown in the following tablé Cattle, Hogs 16,116 83,378 18,1 30,234 head. sons are She Receipts this week Receipts last week Same week last year... 19 32,149 Fluctuations in cattle values have trequent and at times violent, but the close ool | auite lkely may Read Worth PRRETE B (L 100 % Now 17 16 18 24 100 2 40 1 Ingraln Carpots.. Brussels Carpet. Remnants, Brussels. Remmnants, Ingrain. ®) Romnants Linoleun. . @ Jiemnants Gil Clotn.! Body Brussels. . Moquette. . C M Ingrain Rugs Brussels Rug: Remnants Moquott Moquette Rugs Japanese Rugs... Daghestan Rugs...... Hemp Carpets. .. .. Fur Rugs Hassocks Ottomans Brussels Carpets. Misfit Ingrains Misfit_Bru Door Mats. Ingrein: Stair 40 65 16 36 50 28 38 14 14 435 EASY TERMS. $ 10 00worth of goods, $1 00 per week 26 00 worth of goods, 60 00 worth of goods, 75 00 worth of good 100 00 worth of goods, 200 00 worth of goods, [) (J e 150 per week 2 00 per week 2 5 per week 300 per week 400 per week We close evenings at 6 rapery Sale (8 weak ther iu going to'vs @) ®) 9 Department on account Ively times 1w our Carpet of the backward are very much overstocked ol W t which, Fi i chance These Cut I’rices. 0ad Lac n Carpets nl Imost cut s expected will avail his gran fort ust at hou ) miss thi to co Cur and Draperles been It have to pleces. that hundred: themsclves of 4 opportunity unately, oceurs cleaning time (e 1 to miss HAVe money W 0dd Lace Curtains... 0dd Lac Chenill. Chenillc Cheuille Clienilly Dotted Sash Dr Chenill Snowfluke Silk Pl co Curtains 2 Portlere 0 Portieres » Portiere Swiss raperies. . Draperies ) sh Lace Curtaine,. Lace Cu Irist Window Shade 1 Bed Set irtains. ... Shades. .. tollers Lambrequins. . 6-4 T Chenille Velour Curtain Sha Drape Pole Stair B Stair R apest o Loops. . Curtains. Poles. . m Holders nitons. . ods. . Curtaing Point Curtains, y Covers Preseiits to Purchasers ' $ 6 10 50 00 wo! 00 wort 00 wort 100 00 worth of goods.. RECEIV ALL VISI of gooils I of goods h of goods TOR: ] Souver Albuin 00 worth of goods. Blsque O +La Center 3 HAD Curtains Table D- SOME SOUVENIRS. 30; excepting Mondays anid Saturday Send 10¢ for postage on biy *94 catalogue, ready in a few days. of the week finds values 15 to 25c lower than six days ago on an average. In gen- eral there has been no marked change in the conditions surrounding the trade. Two fac- tors enter largely into the market at pres- ent, one the matter of receipts and the othiér the state of European markets, and the consequent nature of the demand for export cattle. When the demand for cattle across the water is capable of absorbing all our surplus of fatted beeves and the home demand is normal, prices are bound to be favorable to the producer no matter whether receipts at the trading market centers are heavy or not. But when, as has becn the case for nearly a fortnight, the demand both at home and abroad falls below the average, even comparatively light receipts fall to stimulate prices. The consumptive demand for beef has been and continues to be very mercurial. —Two weeks ago trade appeared to be picking up nicely, but of late strikes, lock-outs and labor troubles all over the country have had a very disastrous effect, and the beef men again complain of full coolers and no market. It is not so much a matter of surprise that prices have declined as that they have declined so little, but this is prob- ably because values are so low that much more of a decline would shut off supplies entirely. The present condition of affairs is certainly decidedly unfavorable, as much 0 to the slaughterer as to the producer. SATURDAY SCORES A SLUMP. Recelpts today were somewhat larger than anticipated and resulted in a further soften- ing of values. There was nothing in the situation east to encourage speculative activity, and buyers for local houses were decidedly indifferent, while exporters were inclined” to await developments next week. In consequence it was another case of hunt- ing for the good, light cattle, and neglect- ing tho heavier grade Prices averaged fully a dime lower than Friday, the decline being felt most on the heavier cattle. Early trading was decidedly slow, but it looked as if the low prices later proved attractive to all classes of buyers, and by noon a very decent clearance had been effected. ) The market for cow stuff has shown very little change all week. This class of stock continues to constitute a very small propor- tion of the total receipts, and as buyers are all after it trade is generally lively and soon over. There were not over eighteen loads on sale today all told. The good fat stock sold quickly at strong prices, while the com- mon grades ruled slow and weak. Calves were freely offered, and while there was a very fair demand, prices shaded lower on all grades. Bulls, oxen and stags were in fair supply and demand. Prices quotably un- changed. Early in the week the stocker and feeder market was rather dull, with the supply liberal and the demand light. For the past two or three duys, however, conditions have been exactly reversed, and offerings hav been kept well cleaned up from day to day The demand has been most active for th light stock cattle to go on grass, but all grades have been wanted, and prices in gen- ral are quotably 15¢ to 25 higher than a fecders are quoted to $3.85, falr to good at from and lighter, commoner grades at doyn While prices have averagec than last week, the close on hogs was practically the same as on last urday. Nothing new has developed, the trade is as much at sea as ever in regard to future supplies, prices, ete. Gen eral distrust and uncertainty have paralyzed the speculative element and packers continue to put away the hogs at a loss. On the | basis of Chicugo prices for product, hogs | here should be selling at around $4.90 to and apparently packers lose from 20c to 50 on every hog packed. The bulk of the Kill ing now is for immedlate consumption, and on this there Is generally enough profit to counterbalnce the other. In accordance with its usual custom, the Cincinnati Price Current figures up the sum- mer supply of hogs as follows: “Pursuing the usual Investigations this scason, and con- solldating the returns as herctofore, the fndications reached with reference to sup ply of hogs estimated to be avallable for | marketing during the perfod from March 1 ovember 1, are shown in the followi states, compared with last year: Oh Indiana, 110; Ilinois, 1123 lowa, 118} | 112; Kansas, 110; Nebraska, 109 | 113; Wisconsin, 111; Mich- | Kentucky, 107; Tennes- 112. Appiylng these™ averages with reference to the merit of each of the several states, the general average reached is 118—or 13 per cent fncrease, In | parison with last year. The western | packing during the eight summer months | lust year was 6,720,000 hogs. The informa tion now submitted suggests approximtely to10¢ lower today Sat- 11 Migsouri, Minnesota igan, 120; ts dressed | 1 §76,000 as the gain to be looked for, which in fact be exceeded, The wses which have led up to this pros enlargement in supplies clive of hogs include tha fact that the shaping of prices the past and a half has giv n a n impulse to int in production of hogs, and the past winter season has been especially free from condi< tions adverse to breeding stock. reasonable, conditions, to look for a decided en- marketable supply. fore vorable largement in well understood by the trade, under the 1t is there- continuance of fa< It is however, that the movement late in the season ls liable ta flected ho be prices of corn.” CLOSED WITH A HEAVY RUN. with a twice last Saturday, The week heavy run, here on offerings, as light mixed ing. lower than acted and the buyers their purchases at-a good 6c deelin prices was as the early market the popular pric 5.124% top, and the morning advanced, late trades range_of with a ening were mostly §5. closed noon was ver against and $5.07 up before 5.10 slow largely in an closes fully usual, g stuff very H g demand favorable reports from had little at §5.05, the last at and $5.15 important )gs and prospective manner by supply of comparatively. many as were the quality of the ood, with light and lavgely predominat~ as The market averaged up about a nickel Fri | light shippin cavy supplies and a more than counters Chicago, making The narrow. On was $5.10, market wi difficulty in usual the with a low mark ot Business was tolerably brisk early, butw and mean, it being hogs sold, $5.05 and on Triday an ncarly; rading $5.10, as $5.05 on last Saturday. SHEEP TRADE SLOW. ! Recelpts of sheep were heavier than they have been for ten days. neral dema prices w to good stock sheep, 100-1b, lambs wester, and, and w auotably about steady. £00d natives are quotable at $3.75 L $3.20@4.30; at $3.50@4, There was a good vhile trade was slow: Fair to 60; falr common and £ood to cholce 40 ta 43 Receipts nnd Disposition of one DY the hooks o O the twenty April ey, 1801 1t the Union four hours e la Packing Co. The G. H. Swiftand comp The Cidahy | John P. Sqiire T ). ArnIoLE mond’ Go. iy King 0. & COuves Hammond & Co Shippers iid feedors, There Was a Qul Mar CHICAGO, April cattl ARAINSL 61,863 There wa today run for e st et Ay’ pricen, 1o firmer Monduy of hogs v which would minke Bt time Thursday fow Instance out of wellers mon rough mi K than L b Ship opened . et rong at b e highe As high andthe b hands ixed sLur slightly more At bettor a1y 18 and digposition of s St K recelpts of ) head, ko, market the foele than 5 and i a ye Vinally stead; It anything, s the prospect Iy for a ax_ extimated at ‘11,600 o, /N B o 1 this weelk, off 0 1w xhibit o des rning and higier than at yoster- ©othan at the lowest 18 $5.40 wis pald in ullk of the hogs went 5.2, Coms m 46,10 4 $.15, und from $3.50 o $4.75 was pald for throw 5o were the \ 12 i for Situidisy Sonth Omahis Clileago Kikiith Clty St Louls Totuls. heep arrive .60 for i Cattl 000 heid ; wh colpts, 5,00 aly dittle ¢ 0t $1 a her Balon infy A o 81 foryearlings. o 100 o 100 Disol il Sights Ve Klock at the four prineipal yards Cattle, H, b1t 31000 200 Shoep, L1gd 2,000 250 1.000. 4,503 12000 200 4,000 11,046 27,481