Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, September 4, 1892, Page 13

t CHOLERA'S ~ CRADLE W "'Carp” Writes of the Oonntry Where the Dread Ecourge was Nurtured, CITIES OF THE RUSSIAN MISSISSIPP Leading Characteristics of the Communities in the Valley of the Volga. INSARATOFF, WHERE THE PLAGUE STARTED Futrid Fish and Rotten Fruits the Staple Food of the Poor. RUSSIAN CENSORSHIP OVER THE PRESS ’ No Money or Glory In the Newspnper Basl- css Within the Czar's Dominic Some Ludicrous Instances of the Blot- tesque Policy—Polico Papers Pay. §r. Prrensnero, Aug. 20.—[Spocial Corre spondence of Tue Bee.)—The skeleton of the cholera now hangs over Russia and the reports of the horrors of its ravages along the lower Volga aro brought hore daily. They are kept out of the nowspapers as far as possible, and it is not known to just what extentthe plague has spread, but there 1s no doubt thatit is rapidly marcning up the Volga and 1t cannot but desolate the famine- stricken provinces. I first heard of it four weeks ogo during a stay that I made at Nij- ni Novgorod. 1was entertained there by a Mr. Zovecko, a very woalthy shipowner, Who owns the largest line of steamboats on the Volga, and whose business 1s the carry- ing of freight from Persia and the Caspian provinces up and down the Russian Missis- sippl. During my stay Mr. Zevecke was in telograpkio communication with Astrakhan And ho told me that the cholera had already manifested itselt there and it was feared that it would march on into Russia. A short time after this I visited Saratoff, Simbirsk, Samara and Kazan, all of which towns are in the cholera regions, and it was only a fow days after I left Saratoff that the tholera broke out there. There is no doubt that the whole of the Volga reions will be devastated by it, and 1n oraer to under- stand its dangers 1t is neccesary to know the character of thecountry and the life of the people. An Artery of Commoroe. The Volga is as wide as the Mississippi. It & 2,300 miles long and it has as ereat a trade us any river in the world. It flows through a flat country and the lower half of it passes through an almost treeloss region. Upon these great plains the hot sun of the tropics Is beating down now with relentless vigor. here is absolutely no protection from it, und the women go about with nothing but handierchiefs on their heads ana children boil their brains ufider the sun’s burning rays with no protection whatsoever, The men woar heavy vaps, aud the houses aro so built that they are like bakeovens at this time of the year. At Kazan and Samara I saw hundreds upon hundreds of half-nakea men lying on the roadside and sleeping with this tropical sun beating down upon them and with the smells of decaying vegatable matter all about them. Suratoff has a sys- tem of water works, but most of these Volga clties have no sanitary arrangements whatso- @ver, and tho village of Kussis which po: sosses a water closev is one of & thousand. The peasants, among whom the cholera is the worst, have absolutely no knowledge of the rules of health, and their diet and habits ‘would naturally breed the cholera and cannot but increase it. Their favorite soup 1s made of green cabbages, aud old men and babies eat this by the gallon, They eat carrots, and one of the chief articles which you find peddled everywhere and which is consumed In large quantivies is tho groen cucumber, which is eaten raw, just as it comes irom the vine, or, more often, after it has become wilted ana stale from lying about under the bot sun. Famine Bread. In the provinces just above Suratoff a great denl of the famine bread is sil used. 1 saw soma of this stuff while L was on the Volga and it would bo the ruin of any wan whose bowels were at all delicate. 1Us surfaco is of & dirty gray, and whben you break it open you find that its inside is of & deep brown, It is salty and sandy, ana it tastes more liko clay than bread, It looks as though it were mado of bran and husks, and it is as gritty as the apples of Sodom. ' Thero are thousands of people who are eating this bread todey, and while I wes on the Volga I found thom ready to devour anything. Dr. Hubbell, the Amer- ican Red Cross socioty agent, was with me, and in speaking of the corn which was spoiled in crossing the water he told the re- Jief peoplo that it could bo dried and used for tho cattle. Thoy replied that they were drying it and using it to feed tne poasants and that the most of it would do very well. Tho natural condition of these people is bad beyond description, and I was shown today a reminiscence of the cholera in the shapo of a puotograph of tho interior of u hut on the Volgn. Beside a loom, in which was the half-finished cloth that'the womun had been wenving when she was taken sick, lay a rade Dbeuch, and on this a youug mocher of thirty stone dead. Hanging from the raftors in one of these Russian cradles was a litlo baby, whose bald head peeped out of the clothes in which sho was wrapped, and whose bright eyes, I was told, twinkled as the picture was taken. Filth and Foul Ailr, One of the most offensive smells along the Volga 1s that of putrid fish. Nearly every other wharf has great crates of this packed away, and you sev peasauts walking about the streots peddling dried fish, which they have upon strings aud which they carry about swung over their shouldeis, The most of these fish come from Astrakhun, which iy at he wouth of the Volga, and in’ which is one of the greatest fish markets of the world, It is here that the greater part of the caviare of the worla is made, It comes from the roe of the s,urgeon, and millions of dol- lars worth of it ure shipped from this point evory year. Millions more are made in the dried fish which are sent over Russia, and the people at Atraskhan live on little else thau fish. ‘'ne poorer of thom oat the refuse, and this has aggravated the cholera there, and the cases are rapidly iucroasing, The fish which areshippea from Astrakhan are often not more than half cured, and they are in a pad condition when they are sold to the asants. They aro oaten half cooked, and as little oare is taken to keep them cloan they form about as indigestivle an article of diet as can bo found. ‘T'he better class bread used by the peasants of Russia would ruin the stomach of an_ordinary mun, and its rough- ness 18 such that it cinnot but be wjurious 10 @ patient who bas @ tendency toward cholera. Itis as heavy as the Boston brown broad and it looks not unlike it. It is made In loaves of twenty-one pounds each,and the average loaf of bréad eaten sloug the Volga is as big as & ten-months-old baby, Living on_vrend, cabbage soup, cucumbers and dried fish, with now and then u cheap bit of meat, the people have uot enough strengthoning food to ward off the cholern. ‘I'heir systen are already run down by the Lue, and the sun is wilting the life out of them. They know nothing of the use of medicines, and their home 1ifo 1s such that it is almost im- possiblo to keep tho cholera from spreading. Flague Spots. T can easily see how one cholera case spreads the disease throughovt s village. @ man Who first gets the disease probably belongs 0 o large fawily, This family in- Lisbits one of these little, hot, thatched huts, und & dozen men, women and children are huddled together within it, They slevp side by sido ou oue bed, which is usually the top o1 the stove,or lie sprawled out close together THE_OMAHA_DAILY BEE SUNDAY on the floor, They wear the same oclothes. day and night. and if thero are cholera germs in auy one of the garments of a family these ara bound to be communicated to the others. It the cholera is slow in manifesting itselt the patient may move aronnd about the other people of the village. The work of the vil- lage is done in gangs and ono gan must oo me 1n contact with all the others,” The result is that the discase must sproad, and the only wonder s that it is uot greater than it is. It was ut Saratoff that tbe reports about the cholera were first sent out over thte world, 1 spont sevoral days in this city just bofore the news of its prosence was made known and it probably existed at the time I was there, Saratoff 18 in the southeastern art of Russia, nbout 800 miles south of ijni Novgorod and 700 or S00 miles from Moscow. It lies right on the Volga and itis surrounded by a rolling country, the hills ot which rise up back of the city and on the top of which there stands a long line of great windmills, which swing their arms against tho hot blue sky. Thero 15 a deep ravein running through the city, and divid- g it fu throe parts, and coming to the city from the river it looks both picturesque aud beautiful, It is a very fair Russian town and is better built and veuter looking than the average cities of the Volga. It nes about 112,000 people, has a ©ood theater and a number of fine churches, some of which belong to the Germans. Tt is one of the centers of the German colonies of Russia and you find that nearly every other man in the town speaks (orman as well as Russian, The buildings a1e, as arule, of stucco. The streets are paved of cobblo stones, and the town is lighted with gas, It is, on the whole, much cleaner than any of the other Volga cities that I have visited, and 1t seems strango that the cholera ghould have first broken out there. I understand that the people aro leaving in largo numbers and those that remain are almost frightened to death. The town has had consiaerable experience with the cholera in the past and nearly every ereat cholora epidemic of his- tory has reésted during its march through Russia av Sarutoff. The Hotbed of Cholera, ‘With the increased facilities for communi- cation diseases of this kina spread more rapidly thaa ever before, The hotbed of the cholera seems to be Asia Mioor, Persia and the rogions along the Transcaspian railrond. The great cholera epidem o of 1823 came fron this rogion und ex.ended into Asatic Russia. The cholera of 1830 lirst manifested itself in Persia, and it got 1ts start on the shores of the Caspian sen. It crept up tho Volga just as thls oholera is doing and iv ravaged the Russian empire, and during the following year spread over Hurope and wrapped its disease-sproading arms around England, France and Germuny. Thence it went into Spain and Ituly and finally came over to Nortn America. Nearly ~every cholera of history has come from the trans-Caspian region, and though Russia is doing all it can to keep it down it is impossible to tell whether she will succeed. Dowbp at Astrakhan the peo- ple are dying by the dozen every week and there are, Ium told,in the neighborhood of 100 cholera cases daily in that city. 1t is through this town that all Persian travelers must como, and u rigid quarantine is enforcod. The officials on the ‘I'ranscaspian road in- spoct all passougers and 8 careful examina- tion is being made at the different cities. At the preseut writing, however, the people are sufforing from tie lack of doctors and there is pracucally no medical service in connection with the Russian villages. Dur- ing tho typhus fever and the famine the most” of the prescriptions wore wmade by private citizens and the care of the sick was largely by well-to-do people, who did the work for charity’s sake. Reports from the cholera districts ara so unreliable thar, it is 1mpossible to tell just to how great an extent it oxists, There are said to be & few cases in the hospital at Moscow, but so f:; none have mauifested themselves here, and the disease seems to be contined to the Volga. Sanitary Arrangements, The sanitary arrangements of Moscow and St. Petersburg might be improvad upon. It is not thau tho strects and the houses are not kopt clean enough, for they are as well cared for in this Tespect s those of any . other cities of the world. The police have charge of the sanitury arrangements and if a man does not keep tae roadway 1 front of his house clean or allows any nuisance to romain about his premises he is liable to find himself in jail, and if be is & storekeeper his shop may be ordered shut for a period of some months, as the authorities decide, The great trouble is the lack of good water works, and as to the sanitary Luilding of the houses, neither St. Petersburg nor Moscow has the best of draiuage, and this city of St. Peteorsburg, as cool as it often is in the sum- mer, i3 bullt ubon a marsh, and its night air is filled with noxious vapors, The authori- Lies are always fixing the streets und the Nevskol Prospext has been torn up duviog a great part of my stay in Russia. About one- balf of this street 15 paved with great round blocks of wood. These aro watered twice a day and the moist air of the sea makes the wood rot quickly, and this rotten wood, packed full of the foul elements which it has gathered during years, 1s now thrown up under the sun to dry. It is no wonder that fashionable St. Petersourz moves almost bodily into the couutry in the summer and that the city has a high death rate. The death rate of the Russian people in ordinary times is greater than that of any other civil- ized nation, and 1t runs between thirty-five and thirty-sevea per thousand. This is 64 r cent greater than the death rate of Great E—lwm, 37 per cent greater than that of Ger- many and 89 per cent greater than that of France. Over the whole of Russia the aver- uge death rate is about thirty-six to the thou- sand in ordinury times, and thls is twico as nigh as that of our largest cities, It 1s esti- mated that fully half of all the babies torn 10 this country die before they are five years old,and still chilaren are produced so rapialy that this loss is overcome and the country has a million more babies every year than the year before. A curious thing about the beaith statistics of Russia is that the mor- tality is greatest in the villages, while with us it 1s greatest in the cities, The reason of thisis the poor food and the poor sanitary arcangoments which the peasants have and which during this famine,the typhus and the cholera have become more apparent than ever. The Censor's Blotter, Speaking of the cholera, I picked up the Berliner Tageblatt this morning and looked to sec what the German roports of the RRus- sian cholera were. 1 found nothiong in it, but on the first page were two big black blotches which effectually stawped the prioted mat- ter out of at least a column of the news- paper. This was probably the news concerning the cholera, and it is a fuir ex- ample of the state in which the foreign news- papers come into Russia, No reports con- cerning the cholera which are not approved by the government are allowed to bo read here. Every paper is ocarefully examined, and anything which the censors do not hko is stamped out. This is so with all news- papers, and such magaziues aud: books as are admitted often bave pages torn from them, aud thero is no s.ch thing 88 o free press ia Russia. The papers here receive instruc- tions from the government as to just what they shall publish. If thoy do not follow out these instructions thoy receive first a warn- ing. If they offend again this warning is re- peated, and at the third offense the paver is suspended. ‘Three such warniugs oiwa sult in the abolition of the newspaper. ~ The warnings may be yoars apart, and they may be caused by the mistakes of cheap reporters or careless proofreaders; but the papor 10ses its standing, and at the third warning, its existence. [ts editor is also liable to 1m- prisonmont, and the result is that there is no such thing as free thought in Russia. The most ridiculous things are prohibited from Fublluuun. and nothing concerniug the czar s ever published. During a large part of the ume 1 have been in Russia the czar h been visiting in Denmark. He met the Go man emperor there, and the Eurobean pape: bave been full of gossip concorning him, Every line of this uas been blacked out, whether it came from the London Times or in the way of witty rewarks from tho Fliogende Blatter, and @ large part of the fawine news hi been handled in this same wav. [ bave before me & list of subjects which were hauded over to the press duringa single yeur some time ago, but they will hold equally well today, Oue of them states Lthat nothing on the Jewish guestion is to be pub- lisbed.© Another prohibits anythiug cougern- ing the assassination of & Russian general whoso death was full of romance, and a third probinits the sayiug of anything about the ohurch schoo! ‘The church and the govern ment, 1o fact, control the press in Kunsia :;dw the censor is @ bigger man’tuan the itor, Cannot be Washed Of. 1 wish I could show you one of these which have been -t’u:w nby‘ the «::‘:‘o: g e [ 18 1m) o to & word of thut which has Mw:umm ouk. They use an indelible stamp and they have changed the quality of their ink lately. A lady whom I mot fu_east Russia told me sha used to be able to got the ink off by washing it with turpentine and tant the print would then be readable, but that within the past year she found the 1ok of a different char- acter and she could do nothing with it. Thoe uncertainty of maiter passing the consors makes all printed matter unsafe in the Rus- slan mails, The censors are said to often keep the papers and lend them to their friends before sending them to the peopie to whom thoy are addressed,and 1 was told that a journal with any illustrations in it was most, suro to be lost in the mails. The Christmas numbers of the TLondon Graphic, the Tllustrated London News and pavers of that _kind which have curomos or lithographs with their letter- vross seldom reaah the hands of their sub- scribers without these being stolen by the postofiice employes, and I am told 1t is unsafe 10 send photographs through the mail with- out registering them. Iam sonding all my photographs to America in United States consular envelopes and am registering every- thing, and so far I think that everything has gone through, T'he consular stamp 18 & good thing to have on your letters when you send them out from here, They then appesr to come from the legation, and even a Russian mail clerk witl think twice before he opens the letters sout out by an American diplomat. T don’t think that the papars that come to our consul general here are ever opaned, and he gots all sorts of newspapors, including many. which are not permitied to come to ordinm peoplo in Russia. There are in fact only few newspapers which are permitted to come into Russia, and the only American daily which is sure of going through tho malls every time is the New York Herald. Friendly to Americn. This newspaper consorship, 8s to tho American newspapers, Is _becoming le rigorous sinco tho kindness of the Americans as to the famine, and I haye received quite a number of American newspapers, When I came into Russia some woeks ago I had quite a number of newspaper clippings from American newspapers ubout KRussia, and 1 feared that these would be taken from mo at the trontier. A numbver of them rolated to the czar and others were about nibilism aud the Siberian prisons. OWwing to a letter which I had from one of the Russian diplomats of Europe, I got theso throuwh with- out cxumination and my trunk was not even opened, Speaking of tha blacking out of articles by the censors, & funny instance occurred when the young grand duke made his recent tour in India. The London Graphic came to St. Petersburg with a black mark upon it as big as a sheet of notepaper, and one of its sub- scribers wondoring what this important obiiteration might mean out this page out ot the Graphio and sent it back to the oftice, asking them to tear the page from anotber c6py and to send it to her through the mails. It was sent and the obliterated picture was merely & photograph of a tiger hunt in which the grand duke was standing with other hunters about the body of a dead tiger. The Graphbic thought the blotting of this so ridiculous that in its next issue it repub- lished the skotch and also the facsimile of the blotted paper. This came to the oyes of the czar and he laughed at it and ordered that this copy of the Graphio should be ad- mitted, and it was admitted and all St Petersburg laughed with the czar. Good Newspapers Impossible. With such restrictions it is impossible to make goods nowspapers, and none of the newspapers here make very much money. The datlies are published without illustra- tions and the pages of thom look as though the Greek alphabet had gone on a drunk and sprawled around over them. There are in the whole empire less thau five daily jour- nals, and the telegraph bilis of the wholo of therh are not as great as those of a big Now York newspaper. Nearly every paper pub- lishes & conunued story, which runs along the bottom of the paper. and few of them have many advertisements, A curious fea- ture of Moscow and St. Patersburg are tho police journals. These velong to the polico org#hization and they give full reports of the doings of tho police and of all acts relating to the city. The Eeoplo are bulldozed into taking them, and the result is that they have good subscription lists aund paying sub- scribers. The Russians are naturally a read- ing people and if the country had a froo press some of the largest daily circulations of the world might exist hero. Fravk G. e CONNUBIALITIES. CARPENTER. After & man has been married four or five yoars ho 18 apt to refrain from expressing his Ovinion whenever his wife gets a new hat. “How many flances have you?? ‘“Three.” “Is that olll Why, I have five, and they're allrich,” “Butono of mine is willing to marry.” “Engagement cups snd saucers” ars tho latest fashionable lunacy, Perhaps they are intended as & bint that engagements ure easily broken, The wedding of Henry B. Frooman and Miss Anna Maria Dimond at Cape May brings to an end a couriship extending over twenty-tive years. A couple has beon married at Winston, N. C., after a courtship of twenty-seven years. They are reported to be not quite suré even yot that they haven’t made a mistake. The engagement of Miss Helen, daughter of Mrs. William Gammell, and Arthur Her- berv of the English diplomatio service was proclaimed with a grand ball at Newpory. He—1 have decided to ask_your fatters consent by letter, Pauline. Now, what sort of a letter would you advise me to make it? She—I think, Horace, that I would make it an anonymous letter. Miss Maudio—And so I refused bim on the ground that 1 am too young to ‘marry. Chorus of Miss Maudie's Friends—Oh, you clever girl! Who else would have though of that excuso from you? “It is the same old mathematical paradox,”” said one of the wedding guests, ‘1 plus 1 equals 1.” “Beg pardan,” replied the bride- groom’s last yoar’s girl, “'there is no paradox atall. Itis a caso of 0'plus 0 equals 0." In the midst of her happiness at thought of her first engagemont, & girl always has a little feeling of regret to think she can nover got engaged again. She never has the same mixture of feeling, bowever, after the first engagement. Miss Seventeen—Ana so you are married at last, dear, after all these years, How pew it must seem! Didn’t vou feel embar- rassed @ little while the ceremony was being porforraed? Mrs. Thirty-eight (faintly)— No, dear, not embarrassod; ouly just re- lieved. One of the paradoxes of life is that when a young couple get married in a church with a bishop, & curate, Mendelssohn, smilax, bridesmaids, pages and a swell supper with plenty of champagne to end up the event Rots a couple of stioks” in the newspapors, while if they sneak away toa justice of the peace and got the knot tied with neatness and dispateh the event calls for a couple of columns, A wedding of international interest took place Saturday at hich noon in the rectorv of the famous Bolton priory at Peloam manor on the Sound. The groom, Hon. Reginald Telham Bolton, is grandson of the builder of the estate, which is now owned by Mrs, Frederick Vanderbilt Allen, The bride is Miss Ethelvn Huyok, daughter of the late Leonard Huyek, the wealthy Washington, D. C., banker wno died two years ago. She is a highly accomplished young lady who has done semn very clever work in oil and water colors, und has been a prominent figure in the Woman's Soclety of Decorative Avt of New York city. Tho “No, 9" Wheeler & Wilson, with its perfected tensions, upper and lower, 1s the only lockstiteh machine that makes an elastic seam. Itisthearessmaker's favorite on that account. Sold by Goo. W, Lancaster & Co., 514 S, 16th street. Heor Un just nustion, Detroiv Tribune: **When you go down- town, Joons,” began Mrs. Mildmay, “can you remember to—" i “See here, Mary,” returned her lord and master, *just beciuse I forgot some silly errand when we were first married it isn’t necessary for you to be always throwing out insinuations about my memory. What is it you want?” “I was going to ask you, dear,” re- turned the good lady guietly, “if you would order the butter you promlaeli,w get last week.” .- Insist on getting Cook's Extra D) pagoe if you want & pure article; tl B0 hoadaches in it. Cham- ero are UNCLE SAM'S RED SOLDIERS “Buffalo Bill's” Estimate of the Indian's Value and Adiytal VERY FLATTERING 0P,N10N OF POOR LO : Colonel Cody, Speaking ffom a Long Bx- perlence, Thinks theidndian Wil Maks a Most VAlawbie and Faithful Campntgner, i “Buffalo Bill'” has probably had as good an opportunity as any man living to study the habits of the Amarican Indian, and his opin- 100 on matters pertalning to.tho red man is accordingly entitled to consideration. Much has been written of late by army officers and others on tho Indian as u soldier and the re- suits of the efforts of the army department in enlisting the Indians as regulars in the standing army. Many of tho old school ofi- cors have not taken kindly to this nnova- ton, Colonel Cody approves tho pian, holding that tho Indian is a soldier by nature, and thut anything the government may do in this direction for the Indian must advance him. The following letter from the colonel will be reaa with interesi: Loxpoy, England, August 8, —To the Edi- tor of Tre Bee: I regret that owing to the demanas upon my time I am only able to reply but briefly to your request for my opinion on the Inaian as a soldier. Agea of tradition, of contest, and his past mode of lite have made the Indian’s ratural disposi- tion what of & soldier, and 1t is as much hereditary in him as any feature, peculiarity, vice, or virtue for which aancestry in any otcer raco is rosponsiblo. Civilization’s greatest effort in its strugglo with the red man_has peen the dificult one of trying to wean him frown his arms, and wo all know how even lately tbered man was impractica- ble enough to prefer death to disarmament. Consequently, I beliove that in time, with patience and judgment, such as our experi- enced army Indian-fighting officers possess, tho crudities of the Indian’s personalities will give place to the polish of discipline. ‘I'he Indian’s tenacity to the game ot war has really been the cause of bis limited in- terost in the grand continent he once pos- sessed, and practically the reason for his numbering now only about 300,000 souls. First Indians Used as Scouts. Many years ago my old companion, Major Frank North, enlisted the Pawnee scouts, whose servicés and whose lovalty are mat- ters of history. They made most oxcellent soldiérs, and though they were not taught much of the army regulation drill, when thoy had to take their turns on camp or picket duty with the regular svldier, they did it well and cneerfully. But 1t was amusing to hear them call out and pass the word of the hour of the night when on duty. ‘They knew but little of the English language, and they would sing out any Kuglish words that came to their minds, Ior instance, if the time had come when they should call out; ““Post No. 10, 12 o'clock, and all's well,” thoy would call out sormething like this: “Post 1§ past 5 cents, all right; 1 don’t care.” hey will stand the test of service in the field and active campaigning as well as the white or colored mav. It is well to consider, however, thut in tho insiguce referred to, thoy were actuated by an enwity to @ mora powerful tribe, and had, as the Indians of today have, the benefit of &, limted cortact with the white map and of an aa- vancemert in friendship. that association be- tween the two races can,only fully compiete. Indians In the Clvil War, During the war the ox"n‘aou. Delawares and other parts of civilized tribes contributed to the umion army, and General Grant had on his staff General Parker, who was a full- blooded Indian. The worth of these men far exceeded tho most sanguine expectations, for they did excelient fighting. At one time the Delawares enlisted 170 men out of 200 males between the ages of 1S and 45, » This is & proof that thv Incians are in- clined to be soldicrs, and tho instances given of their work seem to justify their suscepti- bility to be formed into effective soldiers. his should be specially %o now, as the In- diaus’ distrust of the old times is’ being cer- tainly dispelied by the closer contact be- tween tue settlers and the aborigenes, Nuatural Born Cavalry, 1If the old warriors of the past can have it instillea into their minds that war is tinully and forever over between us as a people, and if the young men make as much progress in tho future as they huve done daring the last ten or fifteen years, through schools, educa- tion and through extensive travel, not only in their own country, but in foreign lands, 1 560 10 reason why the gradual education of the Indian and his proper reward for good conduet (which, by the way, should be special) will not make him an excellent soldier, especially in the cavalry arm of the service, In my army experience, and also in the ex- tensive enterprise am now con- nected with, I have found the Indian quick to learn drill, and comprehend what you desire, I have also found them tractable to any general regula- tions lawd down to them. They will take care of tueir weapous and equipments, and being usually cleanly in person and fond of ornamented ‘costume, thoy will take a pride in keeping the same clean and well presorved. Born riders, their nearest and dearest love in 1ifo seoms to be the horse; naturally hav- ing good eyes, and by practice being good sbots, it should be but'a short time ere they should be well fittea for the scouting and other duties to which the cavalry of the fu- ture will be delezated. 1 have found, contrgry to publio opinion, that when giveu proper facilities, easy of ac- cess, they huve a natural tendency to clean- liness. Traditionul Fondness for Arms. One of the old traditions goes to show that the Indians have always been fond of urms, ‘This tradition says that the first man made by the Great Spirit was the negro, with whom he was dissatisfled. His next effort was the red man. With him he was some- what pleased, but thought he could 1mprove on him, 80 he made the whito man, With the white man he was very much pleased. ‘The tradition goes oo to say that the Great Spirit, having madoe the tnree men, offored tnem 'the choice of three things: '(1) The book, charts aud maps; (2) the bow and tho arrow and other implements of war; (3) and the hoe and the spade. The white man haa the first choice, and the Indian watched with Keon lnterest what he would choose, for he was afraid the white man would take the im- ploments of war. The white man, however, proferroa the vooks, the charts and the maps. The Indian had the secoud choice and at onee took the implements of war, leavingt ho DEgT0 RO option but to tuke the hoe and the spade. ¥ he Indian has ever siuce lived by his arms, relegating all other duties but those of the warpath and the chase to tho squaws. It may take a little time and patience to perfect an Indian in the police duties of a cawp, but when his own comfort is assisted Ifind him possessed of covsiderable work- man's energy. 0d4 3 The certalnty of a regular ration will soon teach him the use of ,gcouomy, his present voracity being greatly pdyenced by his un- certain meal hours, As Iome was not built in a day, Ume and patigunceawould be a better auswer Lo uhe experiment: than any human foresight can give, Should Be Enllsted in Small Numbors. A limited number only 1¥0m each tribe and reservation should be énlisted, sud not too large a number to affedt the status of other modes of progress to tho Tadian race, 1'his professiou, as it were, 5Hould be made sim ply @ stepplug-stono to wore diversified wethods or lndustries whereby he can seelk employment and secure o Living. 1t would also, by travel and experience, ndd still further on bis return home to a contidence ln tho future intentions of the white race to treat the remantof Lis people wore equitably than 1t has veen possible 1o do in the past, As his legal rights are now fully understood and believed in it 18 through the law that ho st 860k redross for | any Wrongs or grievances, and I belleve that he now nas cnough friends to see him have fair play, a great deal, of course, llerendlng on his own accentance of tue inevitable, How to Handle the Men, My exparience has taught me that the In- diaps are divided almost proporiiouately in ablilty, Intelligence, aud disposition as are the whites, 1 fiud about 50 per ceny of tho m are roally aisposed to ba what we call good ; about 80 per cent are disposed to go aocord: 0¥ to the influcnoe of their assooiatos, good or bad, and about 20 per cent have the lower disposition of the more vicious classes. In my opinion sufficient patience should be used with the Inaian until sergeants ana corporals of his own race could be safely trustod with authority in oarrying out com mands, as the [ndiun is of & childish nature and somewhat subjoct to jealousy, He is sonsitive and cannot be driven, but he can be led by kindness and self-interest, and learns right from wrong quickly. You snould not lose your tomper with him, as 1t is a woll- known saying of the Indian that the man who loses his temper “is a fool and is crazy.” Reason can be used effectively, and it 1s bet- +er to reason with an Indian half an hour to show him he is in the wrong than o curse or strike bim. Personal chastisement should be avoided as much as possible. The Indiau will reseat, for his pride is easily wounded, and when onco touched he is ble to have what they call a *‘bad heart,” which is nothing more nor loss thun blind, heedless, momentary revenge (or running amuck), irrespective of conso- quences, as though he may even cowardly avoid danger and injury, once wounded or even tortured, his Indifference to physioal suffering is wonderful. At the same time that you uso the gloved hand you must let him know that it is made of iron to strike with should ocoasion arise, and lot him never feel that personal foar or personal tyranny has anythine to do with your actions, but show him vhat you are being actuated only by justice and duty. Always keep your word with him and never broak faith in even the most trivial matters, as bis childish na-. ture is such that though he receive ‘iyes" or “no with equanimity, 8 doubtful or evaded promise or threat not fulfilled is to him tho same as a tie. ©annot Question Their Loyalty. With regard to the suggestion as to the Indian's doubtful loyalty in an_ emergency, the many instances of personal fidelity in the last campaign and the general result of a useless misunderstanding when ounoce straightened out, is ono answer, und the fact of the cavalry and infantry arms voing their proposed vocation and that, we have still the artiillery up our sleove should bo the fluale. Go ahoeaa; enlist them; any step tho Indian makes must be a step in his advancement. W. F. Cony, “Buffalo BilL." ——— FAOTS ABOUT OMAHA. Omaba has five publioc parks. Omaha tas sixty-five miles of paved stroets, Omaha has ninety-two miles of sewers. Thero are sixty publio schools, employing 208 tenchers, There avo twonuy-two church and privato schools, employing 152 toachers. ‘The school census shows over 80,050 chil- dren of school age. Omaha is a citv of churches, having 115 housos of religious worship. There are sixty-five hotels. There are thirtaen trunk lines of railway, covering 85,233 miles of road operated from Omaha. One hundred and thirty passenger trainsarrive daily. Omaha has the largest smolter world. Omaba hus the largest linseed ofl works in the United States, Omaba is the third largest packing conter in the world. Last year the stock receipts were: Cattle, 2,533,703; hogs, 7,100,363; sbeop, 783,865, Omahn has tho largest distiliery i the world and three of the largest broweries in the United States. Omabu has the largest white lead works in the world. Aside from tho packing houses Omaha has 100 manufacturiog entorprises with a com- bined capital of $3,033.000. Last year their products amounted to $33,000,000. ‘The principal shops of the Union Pacific railway are located in Omaha. They cover fifty aores of ground and represent an out- lay of §2,500,000. They furnish employment 101,200 skilled mechanics and 200 day lavor ors, ! During the year 1891 tho real estate trans- fers amounted to $15,920,821. Thne actoal real estate valuation is $250,000, 000, while the assessment for taxation 13 based on a one-tenth valuation, Omaha has twenty bauks, of which nine are national, eight. savings and threo are state banks. DsDur[nngQl the cloarings wero §221,133- m the ‘The postofMos roceints for the year were 204,588.20. This department gave employ- ment to forty-six clerks and sixty-six car- riers, Omaha has one of the most complete water works systems in the worid. The plant cost $§7,000,000 ana has 170 miles of mains. Tne pumping capacity is 85,000,000 gallons daily. There are ninety-five miles of street rail- way, maiuly electric. The system employs 600 men and operates 275 cars. The monthly pay ooll is $40 000 Population in 1860 1,861 Population in 1500 16,083 Population in 185 618 Population in I8 01,85 Population 1n 189). i 1 e Mamma—Think of it, Kittie, even the little birds always dress their plumage. Kittie—Is that why they always have pin feathers on them? For the SKIN, SCALP and CONPLEXION, Tho rasult 6120 yoars’ experience I troat! WOODBURY’S FACIAL SOAP in diseasas. Forsale by r30c. A 9] Llustraiedon Skin. Scalp. Norvous and ®T) Blood Disoascs Also Dik s i) s, Ser, Waris, Tndia it Five nt ofire or by JCHN H. WOODBURY, D.1., 125 W, 42d St , New “fork Cily. The Latest QHICAGO STATIONERY —Nothing Better. Our Writing-paper and Envelopes; Wedding Invitations; Reception Cards are sent, at reasonable prices, anywhere in the United States. Send for samples. METCALF STATIONERY COMPANY, (Lato Cobb's Library Co) 136 Wabash Ave., Chicago. DR. C. GEE WO ally graduatsl Chin hyslolan study port- Lully 4 g(¥von up by oth tors Uall write for question blank. Do not Dk your easo hopolass basauss your dootor talls you 89, buttry tho Chinese dootor with his naw ani o now banofits anla dociors cannot giys. natura's romodios —his Ony thousand No injurions Katlonal {monials (n throo years' praotios. , D0 nAarcotlos, N0 polida. aBnent ours. Followlng casos suco: iven up by other docto oughlin, 4342 Hurnoy stréot, ohronlo rhau- yours. Kidney nud Lver troibles. Culverk, 12th & gonoral debllity. ndlgostion, 108y of strongth wad vitallty. Took mediclne for yaars but got no rellef, M. L. Anderson. 183l Cumlag stroot,’ eatyren asthimi and broneliitls of fftsn years standing. fully troated and eural, FArnam strosts, Has for sulo tho following prop #1400 8 bottle, six bottles f0F §3.0 Astbma, Catarrh, Sick ~Hoadacho, Blood Folsoning Rhisumatism, Femalo Weskoess, Kidooy aod Liver Complaint outs. Bold ouly by Chiluese Mediclne Co, O 10),00). Office, 16tb and Califoraia 8fs, Omaha, Neb, 6 World Looks Fumny in Pan But thatis not the fault of the pants. We fit the shape and if the shape is a little off we are notto blame, Fall Season, 1892. Our boys’ and children’s department is now ready for your inspece tion. You will find on comparing the quality of our goods and prices, with those of others, would be the same as comparing Broad day light to the total eclipse of the sun. To sum it up, we defy and conquer all competition, Our knee pant suits ages from 4 to 18, range in prices as follows: 88c, 78c, 98c, $1.28. | Each suit worth double $1.80, $2, $2.28, $3. this price. Our School Suits, Ages from 10 to 14, 8 pieces, coat, pants and vest, at $1.78, $2 and $2.80, are stunners. Our Boys’ suits. ages from 14 to 18, 8 pieces, coat, pants and vest, at $2, $2.80 and $8, $4.80, $8, $6, We also call attention to our Men’s Clothing and Gents’ Furnishing % Goods departments. Are strictly in it. ATIONAL. COLLEGE OF THE SACRED HEART DENVER 3). ORADO Sy 5/ = CONDUCTED BY T iE FATH RS O/ THE SOCIETYOF JESUS. This institution affords every tacility for obtaining a thorough, Classical, Scientific and English Education. Situuted on a beautifal knoll about fifteen minutes ride by clectric line from Denver, it res celves the full venefic of the healthful and life breezos that have made Colorado the sanitarium of the United States. The zrounds ¢ an upland tract of Aifty ucres, and th- prospect is one of takes and mountains wnd u Especial attention Is given to the physle cal developement of the students. Catalogu nt free on upplicution. This institution, under the direction of the Sucred Heart, is situated on the corner of St. Mary’s Ave and S. 27th street. The course of instruction pursued develops the mental, moral and physical powers of the young lad Speeial at tention 50 given to the cultivation of graceful manners and refined tastes Music, Painting and Drawing, receive special attention, whilst French and Ger wan are included in the curiculum free of The academy is pleas antly located, with all modern improvements, ily reached by the motor oa Leavenworth st. Ior terms and further particulars apply to the Ludy Superior. = = — = ———— UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME THE FALL TE*?M OF THE 4 OMA.HA 2,0 Opens next Thursday, Sopt. 1, over Boston Store, 16th and Dou zlis. Night'school bes swme date. Sond for catalozue. Addross ROHRBOUGH BROS. N VHIN ASTITUTE Ty UPPER ALTON, IL| WESTERN MILITARY ACAR A thorough school, Pr s for Col Business. Within 20 miles of St 1 OL. WILLIB BROWN, Buporiats FAT FOLKS REDUGED BY DR. SNYDER, ‘THE SuccESSFUL OBESITY SPECIALIST TuE NINETY-SEVENTH SESSION WILL TUESDAY, SEP ULL COUISES 1N~ o, Law, Civil and Mochanl- Thorough Proparatory Il Courses. or boys under 15, 1s unique poment. A limited ecclosiustionl stute OPEN ON Clusslos, Lettors, cal Knglni or; and ¢ Mg, Alice Maplo, Oregon, Mo, Walkht: Hefore treate ek, 520 1bs.; altir treatment, 103 103, The following porsons have takon troatment of Dr. Buydor, with loss of welght ux given below. They will clioorfully answer all inquiries It stawps are inelosed. (CNEMULE WEST OF NOTIE DAME UNIVEISITY.) The 75th Academic Term Will Open Mou- day, Septs 5l Tho Academio Course L thorouxh in the Prepar tory, Bonolr and Classie dos. Muslo D un the plan of the bost Conservatories of ander charko of & COmMpIOL COrps Of ‘Studio mode' o gront Art Sehools of Kurope, wingan i § m 1ife and the fquo, phonokraphy W weithng taught Bullding eaulpped with K capos. A woperato | MUK GEOLGE FiEEMAN, depariment for children under 1. Apply for cata- | Kt Blawell, ( 10410 L0 Directross of Lo Acadouy, MU, RAKATE BAUNELL, ET. MARY'S ACADEMY, 1311 %0, FIfL boat., Notre Damo P, 0., 8. Ave., Umaha. | Loavenwort b, Kus Welght Before. Welght Afor Loss, 178 s 1624 185 Mis. RACHEL €. J aucitio Jun Mits. AL 526 108, 147 1bx. LB 08 Europe, 18 teachers. s vereen B0 2034 BIMEON VAN WINKLE Franklin, 1il 1204 1064 1054 Baby's cheek lslike a peach, 1s it Madame Ruppert's bleach? No! but baby's mama's cheek Volumes to its praise doth speak! Call for Mo, Kuppork's book, “How (0 be Beauti= e PATIENTS TREATED BY MAIL, DR. O. W. F. SNYDER, @oVicker’s Theatre Bldg., Chicago, lik,