Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, August 30, 1892, Page 4

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: TUESDAY. AUGUST 30, 1892 DAILY THE Pt — = E. AGSEWATER, Eniten. e srsdio e - PUBLISHED BEE VERY MORNING. FFICIAL PAPER OF THE CITY. TIRME OF 8URSCRIP Daily Ttee (withont Sanday) One ¥ Daily and Sanday. Ono Year Bix Months. ....... 3 Threo Months Baturdny lice, One Weekly flee, One Year OFFICES mahs, The Bee Rullding. outh Omaha, corner N and 2ith Stroots, Counell BIufs, 12 Poar] Street. 117 Chambor of Commeren. nd 15, Tribune Butlding nth Stroot INDENCE. nieations relating to tor should bo nddressed ana Tou- nows to the BUS| lottors S LETTERS, romitian blishing Company. THE BEE PUBLISHING COMPANY STATEMENT OF CIRCULATION, wecrotary of iR BER Pub. plemnly swenr that the Jetunl eireniation of DATLY BER for the woek Inding August 27, 1 ;112 cdnesdny huradny Fritay, Al Tatnrii Averag s RO, B TZSCHUCK, and subscribod 1n my pros AngaL, 1892, NP FELL, [0 Publio. €0 Cirewiation for July 24,316, NOW the suspender makers are strik- n They hate to see the base uses to vhich their products are now put. Trp rainmakors are solling quite theaply in this state. Anybody can aave a rain without artificial stimula- lion. CoLLAR the cholera by horough cleansing of all it 1t quarantine regulations. beats cure every time. Coni and McCaffrey had a violent uarrel yesterday over their proposed fght. Why didn’t they have it out right there? There’s no time like the present. compelling s and strict- Prevention SOUTH OMAHA packers are looking lor shipments of western cattlo this veek. This will enliven the yards, vhich have not been as dull as usual luring the t summer. INFORMATION that after all Carnegic loes not own his eastie in Scotland but JWimply rents it must produce intense pain in the circles where calamityites ind demagogues do congregate. A THOROUGI house and street clean- Ing may cost some discomfort and a good fleal of money, but it will do a great deal of good even if cholera should not come within 3,000 miles of Omaha. An ounce »f provention is worth a pound of cure. THE ninth annual report of the bureau of statisties of labor of the state of New York shows that there has been a net Increuse of wages in 1891 of $6,377,925.09 as eompared with 1890 in 6,000 separate establishments (all which made returns) In that state. Thisisan official report and mwust be accepted as absolutely relianble, Now. hear the rant that the McKinley law reduced wages. w LL HOLMES cele- brated his 830 birthday yesterdsy by veceiving the greetings of friends from all over the world, in person or by mes- jage. The geniel autocrat bears his years lightly and no palsy seems to have touched his Kappy humor. There is certainly no author living who is more genuinely and nnreservedly esleemed than this first humorist of American literature and poet of a very high rank. OoLver THE news columns of the papers are doing the best republican talking just now. Yesterday democrats were com- pelled to read in their own organs that “several tin plate manufacturers closed their works in England Saturday, and that 10,000 men engaged in that work were idle, many of whom sailed Satur- day to find work in America.” Now what must democrats think of their lying orgains which stili elaim that no tin plato is made in this country? ThE republican county commistee has made a number of blunders which are liable to cause discord and contention and may finally result in disaster. These blunders can and ought to bo rectifiod. The apportionment of dele- gates is wrong and will work rank in- justice and disaffection. The continu- ance of the caucus and the double- headed delegations to be elected at the primaries will surely stimulate conten- ‘tion. Last but not least the idea of electing delegates to nominate members of the legislature and county officers thirty days before they are to meet in convention bodes no good to the legis- tive and county ticket. The chances for making combines and trades are lia- ble to result in the choies of unpopu- lar and undesivable candidates who in- stead of strengthening would becomo a drag upon the tickot. ——— Tae preparations for celebrating Labor day iv Omaha promise a memo uble oceusion. Those having charge of the arrangements have made out a pro- gram that will bo intercsting to every- body. The pirade will be oxtensive and probably the finest street display of Omaha industries ever given, while the excreises to take place at Syndicate park will furnish amplo entertainment, intellcetual and sociul, to the hosts of labor who will gather there. Undoubt- edly the request that the factories and wholesale houses shall close during the day will be complied with in ull cuses whoro it is practi- oable to do so. Labor day hus grown in fuvor since It was instituted and the meritsof the holiday ure now every- whore recognized. It is an occasion whon communities are furnished with an object lesson as to the forces and the achiovements of labor, and this is valua- blo, while it ulso exerts an elevating in- fluance upon all in the ranks of lubor who have a proper appreciation of the churacior of the day. It has become firmly established as a permanent holi- duy wuorever instituted, CLEAN UP AT ONCE. Omaha must take steps at once to put herself in condition to resist the epi- demic spread of cholera. It is almost inevitable that cholera will be imported into this country within the nexttwo weeks by way of New York or one of the Buropean ports on out sea coast. Our location along the main transcontinental line of travel and at the crossing of one of the groat rivers is bound to oxpose us to a visit of the scourge within a fow weoks after it roaches Now York. Every city in the country is now engaged in a thorough ho and street cleaning. Omaha must not Jag behind in making sanitary preparations. We cannot hope to escape the contagion by merely de- pending upon the salubrious atmosphere and healthy climate. We must exercise all the precautions to confine the disease within narrow limits and to isolated in- dividual cases, Our health board has only $1,500 at its disposal to pay salavies of the city physician,the meat and milk inspectors, dump watchman and other employes for the next four months, In other words we have not adollar in the city trensury beyond the amount actually needed to cover the running expenses of the health officers and inspectors for the ordinary work devolving upon them. The extraordinary emergency which confronts us demands prompt action and officient work. Self-preservation is the first law of nature, We must immedi- ately provide the mens for a house to Nouse inspection and enforced cleaning up of everybody’s premises vhat are linble to breed or spread contagious dis- A proélamation by the mayor calling upon all citizens to clean their houses, premises and persons wauld be timely, but it would not ba sufficiently effective to mako the publle health secure. The health board must bo placed in position to employ u large force of plumbing ex- perts and drainage inspectors, and their recommendations must be carried out by property owners under severe penaities, The Board of Health must be emvowered to supplement the pro- cess of voluntary house cleaning with u sufticient foree of corapetent and ener- getic. men and women to do the cieaning where parties have failed to carry out instructions, While the house cleaning pr is going on the cleaning up of the streets and alleys and the destruction of gai- bage and filth should be carried on by the Board of Public Works and police department. Inasmuch as the charter prohibits the transfer of city money from one fund to another the means to carry on the campaign against filth, foul air and con- tagion must be raised through our mon- eyed men on assurances that they will be reimbursed by the city after the leg- islature has empowered the council to doso. There will be no trouble in se- curing the necessary funds if the muyor would call togetherour leading business men and bankers, who will doubtless aid him cheerfully in the workof sanitation. THE REPUBLICAN MBETING, The annual meeting of representa- tives of the Republican League of Ne- braska, to bé held at Grand Island to- morrow, will be practically the opening of the republican campaign in this state, A large attendunce is expected and un- doubtedly the moeting will be charac- terized by more than ordinary interest and enthusinsmé¢ As heretofore stated, there are over 250 republican clubs in a, having a membership exceed- ing 25,000, and if all of them ave fully represented at Grana Island the attend- ance of club men alone will be about 1,500. But there will he many others there who are interested in political affairs and whose presence will add to the interest and significance of the oc- casion. The meeting takes place at a time when the outlook for republican success in the nativnal contest is bright and growing brighter. The presidential election will take pluce ten weeks from today, and in no campaign since 1880 wera the prospects of republican victory s0 good at this period of the campaign as they are now. On every hand the in- dications and the .conditions are of a character to justify republican confi- dence. There is not apparent any- where tho least disaffection 1n the party so far as the national ticket is con- cerned. ‘Those men whom it was feared mightdisturb the harmony of the party will give loyal support to the ticket. At all points the republican line is united and strong, and every day increases the assurance that President Harrison will bring out the full strength of the party. The more cavefully and thoroughly re- publican policy and principles are dis- cussed the more strongly they commend themselves to theintelligence and patri- otism of the peoplo. The more fully the course of the present administration is considered tho swronger its claim s seon to be upon the respect and support of the country. On the other hand, the democracy is Jisturbad by dissensions and fretted with doubts. Nowhere is it free from these. Its candidate has not evoked the enthu- sinsm he wns expectad to by his ardent adherents, and he bas. done nothing since his nomination to increase interest in the cause of his party. It is placed on the defensive by the record of incom- petency made by its representatives in the present congress. It is compelled to face the fact that its predictions two years ago of disaster to the coustry from the new tariff luw have not only failed, but that the business of the country, foreign and domestic, Las been very groatly enlavged in that time. In short, the democratic party—wrong on the tariff, wrong on financinl questions, and wrong on every subject that affects the welfare of the people and the progress and prosperity of the nution—is experi- oncing greater embarrassment und per- plexity than in uny previous campaign since its memorable declaration that the war was o failure. ‘I'he situation, therefore, is most en- 0 ns. The out- look, us we huve said, warrants confi- dence, but the victory is not yet won, and there is earnest, vigorous, zealous work to be done. In this the republi- can clubs will have o large and very im- portant share. With more than 2,000,- 000 active men enrolled in them they coustitute a force whioh, if properly di- LEAGUE ( rected, will exert a powertul Infiuence upon popular sentiment. The Republi- can League of Nebraska will unques- tionably do its full duty, and it is to be hoped that the meeting at Grand Tsland will be such as to carry promise to the republicans of other states that Ne- braska will be found in 1892 whare she has always been, conspicuous in the list of republican states. AMERIOAN SHIPS FOR AMERICAN COM MERCB, It is the policy of the republican party that the foreign commerce of the United States shall be mainly caggied on in American ships. In a recent address President Harrison said he belfeved the tribute we have paid to foreign nations in the way of freight charges will speedily, in a large measure, be abro- gated forever. “These great stores of agricultural products,” said the presi- dent, *‘which we pour out from our granaries to feed the nations of Europe should, and T believe speedily will, be delivered at the port of Liverpool in American bottoms.” Not until this policy is fully carvied out, so that our products shall bs conveyed to urope and to South Amorica and to every land with which we have trade, in ships flying the American flag, will the United States attain to the first place among the commercial nations of the world. There is hardly a more important question for the future determination of the American people than this of American ships for American commerce. Few people have any conception of the extent of the tribute which the wmer- chants and manufacturers of this coun- try annually pay to foreign nations in the way of froight charges. It amounts to between $150,000,000 and $200,000,000, and is of course incroasing from yoar to year with the growth of our foreign trade, This vast sum, taken out of the pockets of our people, is nearly all re- tained abroad. It goes to enrich the foreign ship owners and ship builders and’ to pay the labor employed in the building and sail- ing of ships. Such asum anuually ex- pended for the subsistence of our own veople would add very materially to tho home demand for the products of the arm and the factory and various inter- ests would find from it increased pros- perity. But this is not the only or the most important consideration. A merchant marine equal to the demands of our commerce essential to commne independence and to rapid comme expansion. We are necessarily at pre ent largely av the mercy of foreign ship owners, who are able to discriminate in favor of the commerce of their own countries, und undoubtedly doso to a considerable extent. One of the most serious difficulties in the way of tne growth of our South American trade is the fact that most shipments from this country take an indirect course by way of European ports, which causes greut delay. For this reason it takes longer, asa rule, to get goods from New York toany port of South America than it does from England or Germany, though the distance by direct route is favorable to New York by s al thousand miles, It is a generally sound proposition that commerce follows the flag, and in order to enlarge our foreign trade as rapidly as is necessary to keep pace with our in- dustrial progress we must have our own ships. It was the opinion of the South American representatives to the American conference that this is abso- lutely indispensable to enable us to se- cure supremacy in the Scuth American trade. The producers of the west are 10 less interested in this question than the merchants and munufacturers of the east, and perhaps oven more so, since it is the products of tha farm that consti- tute, and probably always will, by far the greater partof our foreign com- merce. is E— CLOSING IN ON THE COAL COMBINE. The action brought by the attorney general of the state of New Jersey to annual the lease of the Central Ruilroad of New Jersey by the Philadelphia & Reading has resulted ina victory for the people. Chancellor McGill has filed an opinion granting the prelimin- ary injunction asked for by the attorney general, and enjoining the Reading com- pany from operating the New Jersey Central railroad. The decision is re- garded as a sweeping ons'ia fuvor of the state. While this decision cannot bere- garded as final, owing to the determina- tion of the Reading company to go to the court of last resort, it is neverthe- less interesting. Here is Chancellor McGill’s opinion: ‘The object of the information is to have a certaln indenture of lease beuween the Ceutral and Port Reading railioads, and also o tripartite agreement between the Central, Port Reading and Philadelphia & Reading railroads, decreed to be ultra vires and therefore void, and also void upon the ground of public poloy in that they tend to create a monopolv of tho anthracite coal trage in the state by stifliug competition between the contracting corporations, and theroby to increase the price of anthracite to the inbabitants of the state: to cffectually destroy the effect of such lease and agree- ment a mandatory decree is sought to enjoin the Port Reading to surrender and return to the Central its corporate franchise and property, and a rostrictive decree which shall perpotuslly resirain the Port Reading from horeafter controlling and intermeddling with such franchiso and property, aud the three compauies from all future combina- tions which will arbitrarily increase or tend to increase the price of coal to the people, “When it appears,” says the court, *‘that such a corporation, unmindfut of its plain duties, acts pro-judisially to the public in order Lo make undue gains and profits for its stookholders, it uses its powers in & manner not contemplated by the law which confers them.” The lease, says Chancellor McGill, was made not only without legal sanction, but in deflance of an expressly prohibitory stat- ute. “There are peculiar features in the transaction now considered,” he says, ‘that evince &\Jlic danger much more serious than appears in the mere transfer of corporate duties to perform- ance by a foreign corporation. The par- ties interested are producers of anthra- citecoal, They constitute two of the six great anthraclte coal carrlers. Through the lease of the Lehigk Valley, three of the six great coal carriers are controlled by the combination.” The answer of the defendants denies that either the Phijadoiphin & Reading or the New Jersay flontral owns any coal lands, but the court holds this fo be & mere avasion, ns thé Reading road owns a majority of the stock of the Reading Coal and Tron compnny, while the New Jersoy Central owh$ & majority of the stock of the Lehigheand Willesbarre Coal company. *“flo shy that these con- ditions do not tend, to a disastrous monopoly in coal{” ways the court, “‘would be an insult to intelligence. 1t is possible that such a’monopoly may be used, as the defendants suggest, to in« troduce economios, and cheapen coal, but it does violence 1o knowledge of human nature to expodt such o result.” The real kernel of. the argument upon which the opinion of the court is founded is expressed as follows: The commoditiy in which these compan- fes deal is n necessary of lifo in this state. It is the principal fuel of its homes and its factories. The slightest incroease in its price is folt by hundreds of thousands of persons, for their necessity compels thom to pay that increaso. If once monopoly be established by destroying compotition, whether that be through lease or co-operation, the promoters of it and shareholders in It may have what- over price this combMation suggosts. President MclLeod of the Reading company sdys that the decision will not seriously affect he combinn, as it will only be necessury for the New Jersey Central to be operated under the man- agement of its prosident, its relations to the Reading company remaining prac- tieally unchanged. The decision of the New Jersoy court is, however, impor- tant. Tt may nov immediately protect the people from the rapacity of the hungry coal combine, but it affords ground for the hope that relief through the courts will como sooner or later, It is expected that the suits now pending in the state of Pennsylvania will result in favor of the people. The Reading company will appenl the cases and fight to tho last ditch, but in the end the right must prevail and the monopoly be crushed. It is a mere question of time, and tho people will have to bear the op- pression of the anthracite robbers as pa- tiently as possible until they are com- pletely and finally routed. EVIDECE OF ANXIETY. There is deep anxiety at the demo- cratic national headquarters in New York. There is suhstantial evidence that tho stal f New York has been practically given up, although a strong effort will be made to got votes for Cleveland there in spite of the dis- couraging outlook. Mr. Cleveland him- solf is said to place little dependence upon his chances in the Empire state. He is at the bottom of the vigorous movement now on :fod} to socure olec- toral votes in northwestern states hith- erto republican and is warmly supported in this scheme by Dop M. Dickinson. Gormau and Whitney are opposed to it and favor a concentration of democratic effort upon the doubtful states of the east. There can be no‘doubt whatever that Me. Cleveland is much weaker now in the manufacturing stdtes of the east than he was in 1888, 'Then he repre- sented an indefinitd policy that went by the name of tariff reform, which was supposed to mean little or nothing. Now he stands upon a platform that calls for free trade and condemns prc- tection as an unconstitutional form of public robbery. Four years ago those democrats who were interested in enter- prises needing protection did not regard the candidacy of Mr. Cleveland as a menice to their interests because thoy did not believe that anything was meant by tarifi reform. This year they are confronted by an absolute and uncon- ditional demand for free trade. There can bo no mistake about it. The de- mand is put in such plain terms that it cannot be misunderstood. Under such circumstances it is by no means strange that the doubtful states of the east, all of which are extensively interested in manufacturing, should be regarded as much more doubtful for Cleveland than they were. four years ago; and it is therefore easy to account for the frantic efforts which are now being made to raise a large corruption fund for use in the northwest. In the results anticipated from this undertak- ing the democratic campaign managers will certainly be aisappointed, but if they wish to concentrate their energies in this direction no fault will be found by the republicans. New York is a pretty good state to have. FREE TRADE FALLACIES. Protection and Farm Mortgagos. 1m The socond accusation against the proteo- tive system made by Mr. Springer in bis ro- cent speech at Detroit is that relating to mortgago indebtedness, Of the numsrous ocalamities and misfortunes for which pro- tection is Lo be held responsible in this coun- try, ho has selocted the question of farm mortgagos for specific charges bevause, s is well known, such debts affect the farmers directly and it is the vote of the farmers for which the chairman of the ways and moans committeo 1s particularly auxious to bid. What is the logioal connection between pro- tection and mortgago indobtoaness? A man of ordinary intelligence would reply that the coincidence of their oxistenco is due, not the one to the other, but simply to tho progress of advancing civilization, But Mr. Springer has an answer of his own, He sees between the phenomena a relation of cause and effect and illustrates his idea with these words: ‘“Fhe consus bureau was requestod by an act of congross to collect and make report upon the number and amount of MOrtgAzes upon real estate in the United States in 1800, Reports as to only six states have, up to this time, been published by the census office, namely Alavama, Illinois, Towa, Kunsas, Nebraska and Tennesseo. In these six states it was found that there was an aver- ago of £0L.00 per capita of the whole popula- tion of those states, of private indobtednoss, secured by mortgage upon real estate. If this average is maintalned throughout the union the whole of such indebtedness in the Unitad States will be found to exceed §,500,- 000,000. The volume of this vast indebted- ness is uot diminishing, as tne so-called pro- tection to American industries increases. In the state of Inwa it appears thut there were 221,000,000 mova of mortgage indobtedness recorded in 1590 than 1 1580—an increaso of $2,000,000 a year in that state. The per- centage of increaso of morteage indebtednoss in that state in ten years was 15 in Illinois it was in Kansas it wae over 2003 in Alabama it was 413; in Tennesseo it was 510. In the whole country the interest change on mortgage mdebtedness, at_an_averago of 6 Der cent, amounts 1o over $345,000,000 a year, The people who are struzgline under this mountain of debt are the victims of high protective tariffs.” Not long ago we were told by tho leadors of the people’s party that the vast evil of mortgage indebredness was to be traced sole- 1y o the perverted course of monetary legis- lation during the past two decades. The remedy which thoy suggest is the inflation and depreciation of our currency by means of the freo colnage of silver and govornwment loans to the farmer. Now we are told by a leader of the democratic party that the alli- anco men are all wrong. Mortgage indobt- odness is not tho result of monetary logisla- tion but of tariff legislation. Whea we have conflicting statements from parties of equal authority—or rather equal lack of authority —our only resougce is to carafully examine the subject for ourselvas. Flirst, lot us glance at the por capita fall- acy. Theapplication of per capita staustics is 1n its very nature of very limited utility. The reason of this is that the composition of the population differs groatly in different countries and in different parts of the same country. Inone the number of women pro- ponderates over that of men: in auother tho reverso is true. In one the rauo of children to adults is jarge, in the other small. In the onst agricuitural immigrants are fow, in the west they are numerous, Al these items go to complicate and render eutively useless any per capitastatistios of mortgage. Women give fewer mortgages than men; adults alone are logslly capable of inourring dobts; new set- tlers in agricultural regions are more apt w0 borrow upon security of their lands than the older inhabitants. The per capita ratio of morigave indebtedness to population is ut- terly without significance. The only purpose of Mr. Springer in deal- ing with per capita figures is to misicad the people by unwarranted deductions from them. He reasons that if, in six states that ratio is $9L60, then in the whole Umited States the aggregate in- debteduess can be found by multiplying by the figure representing the total population, and he states $5,500,000,000 as his result, ‘This manipulation is juggiery of the worst kind. Extra census bullstin, No. 20, states explicitly that the mortgages iu the six states already tabulated constitute over ono quarter ot ali that have boen executed in the whole United States during the decade just closed, and, presumably, a greater proportion of those mortgages remaining still uupaid. The exising mortgage in- dobleapess of those six states n 1800 was $1,062,611,198. So that the total for the whole couutry could not possi- bly exceed $4,000,000,000. Mr. Springer has exaggerated the evil by over $1,500,000,000. The census furnishes some interesting statistics, especiaily upon mortgages in Nebraska, The following table shows tho number and amount of the mortgages exo- cuted each year, although it does not repre- sent the actual present debt, because many of them have been paid. Most of the farm mortgagos ars payable in instaliments, but the mortgage recoras show no payments un- til the whole debt is cancelled. MORTGAGES IN NEBRASK R Total i ] Tug poor Indian will lose a true and tried friend when Senator Dawes re- tires, as he has just announced, next March, from a caveer of eighteen years in the senate, proceded, oddly enough, by exactly the same period of service in the house. There have begn few more faithful or conscientious men in public life than he, and yet his age has earned for him arest. Who will succeed him will form an interesting question, PRESID HARRISON has our per- mission and advice to see Canada clear through in this retaliation business and clap the maximum rates upon them in a fow days if they show 1o signs of com- ing off their vurygeh xolted dump. REALLY the poliifelans are not run- ning this campaigay) The common sense people and busingss' Wen are doing it. They began it by ing out the poli~ ticians at Minne@polfs and they will The veceipts from, oreasing st tho rate af $4,000,000 a month,and the receipts from ilferhal ‘revenuo at' the rato of §500,000 & month:~ Those figures are oaloulated to spoil a-good” deul of democratic talk about federal baokrupley under repub- lican rule. y A Blow forg Blow, Chicago Times. Grand Maste ' Swoenoy has expressed bim- solf somewhat vigorously upon the brutality of the New York militia in desling with the strikors, but 80 far as known hoe has not yet pronounced an opinion upon the striking switchmen who beld bim up against a tele- graph post, blacked his oyes and otherwise disfigured bis countenance. - Wierd Chunks of Harmony, Chicago Inter Ocean. Brer Dana, of the New York Sun, calls Brer Pulitzer, of the New York World, “a scoundrel sud an impostor.” Brer Pulitzer threatens to ‘“stop advertising the Sun’ unless Dana agrees to stop telliog so much truth regarding tke democrasic family. These aifferonces in the Tiger family seom 10 be widening as the dog days are passiog. Theso figures present soveral important points. W hile mortgages have increased in Nobraska ia the ten years covercd by the census, yet their course has uot boon av all uniform. There were decreases in 1851 and in 1888 over the number of the preceding year, but @ _dacrease in amount was mani- fested in 1888 alone, The maximum in num- ber was incurred in 1887; butif we consiaer | mortgages on acreago proporty by them- slves the climax came in 1836, a vear earlier. What brought the figures up iu 837 was tho wild s peculation in city and town lots when the real estate boom was at its height. Can these varintion sbe chargod to tariff legislation ! During all this period the tariff remalned unchauged, with the exception of the revision of 1 If protection were an active cause in creating mortgage indebledness the increase should have becn uniform througn- outthe period andall variations of buta minor importance. With the facts as thoy ave the democratic nccusation against tho protective policy falls ridiculously to the ground. 1f not the result, of the tariff, to what ave mortgazes duo? Tho consus bureau has gone to nolittle trouble to make this inquiry and its conclusions are atthe command of every congressman, Mr. Springor inciuded. “Chostatistics as rogards Nobraska rofer to six counties in which spoclal investiga- tions were conducted, namely, Brown, Gage, Kimball, Thayor und Washington counties. They purport to give the objects for which the indebtodness was incurred, aud whilo the object and the cause are not always identical tho former throws sufficiont light upon the matter for vulid vonclusions Economic sclevce would divide the causes into personal and noupersonal forces, Tho former comprises part payments for land, the purchase of ‘maw machinery o stocks; they aro ol in a degreo voluntary transactions fn which the borrower assumes the risk in the firm oxpec tation of gaining by the operation. The lut- tor inoludos sickness and loss by lightning, fire, drouth or disease-disastors that ocour ailke in protective as well as nonprotective countries, In the six Nebraska counties mentionod the securing of purchase monoy or doferre payments was the leading object of mort- R8go indebteduess in tho 8,332 cases re- borted. Iteal estate purchase and improve- monts, combined with no other objects, rep- resent 65.18 per cont of the face of existing mortgagoes in Brown county, 57.78 per ceut in Gage county, 77.59 per ceut in Haves county, 97.60 per cent in Kimball couuty, §2.81 per cent in Thayer county and 8141 r cent 1n Washiogton county, Purchase, wprovements, business and the acquire: mout of various articles of persoual pro orty, when not assooiated with other objects, account for UL.39 per oent of the Iace of ex- | isting morteages tn Brown county, 96.63 por- cent in Gjage vounty, 95.85 por cont 1n Hayos county, 07.90 per cent in Kimball county, 96.13 por cont 1n Tuayer county and 03.31 por cont 1n Waskington connty. Of the whole §,582 mortgares only 31 were reported as oceasioned y sickness and deatb, and only 26 as occasioned by disastors over which the borrower had no control. Thirty persons executea mortgagos in ordor to engage In outside speculation and seven to roloan at a highor rate of interest. Four persons bocamo in- debted for the purposes of higher education, six to dofray attornoys’ feos and the ox: penses of litigation and ono to dofend him- self npon trinl for murdor, Two men want- od to buy paint, one to 2o into the newsvaper business and one to embark in the miilinery business, Ono farm was mortgaged to p: for an organ. two to pay alimony, ono to euable tho proprietor to got married and two for “:purchase money and o vuy whisky.'" A fair samplo of the purpose for which mortgages aro given by Nebraska farmers may bo found in tho rocords of Hamilton county, During the first six montbs of 1802, 251 981 farm mortgages, aggremating $345,043 wero rocorded in Hamilton oconnty. Of thoso, 104, amounting to $105,780.51, wero given for purchase money: 145, aggrogating £159,133.06 were for renewal of old loans, and 82, ageregating $20,127.55, woro for new loans. During the samo period the releases of farm mortgages filed amounted to §324,- 601,05, Those roleases, of course, do not in- olude paymonts made’ on uotos secured by mortgages which aro not yot maturoa. During tho year begianing July 1, 1801, and ending July 1, 1893, oniy five sales under foreclosure proceadings were made by the sherift of Hamilton county. Ihis aiforas striking proof that tho alloged incroase of Jfarm mortgage debts and tho rawid absorb- tion of our farm lands by foreign capitalists 1 a political eum}ml;m fiction. How many of theso mortgages can be traced directly or indiroctly to the so-called disnstrous influouce of tho tarifft Will any sane man contend that the result could havo oecn ohanged by any such simplo device as the abolition of our import. dutiest Perhaps under the benovolent auspices of free trado, crime and litization will coase, peopio will forbear to use paint or play upon an organ, divorces will bo secured without alimony and tho marriage state cntored without ox- pense. Under that happy regime paople will graduate without difficulty from the farm to the newspupor, speculation will ceaso and men wili a0 lovger “buy whisky.” All this is the logical outcomoe of the illogical posi- tlon assumed by Mr. Soringor, Victor RoSEWATER, o ten Ry PITHY POINTS. Philadelphia Times: are only human, pitcher as long as ther Base ball managers hey, too hung on 10 a wything In v, Foreigner—What makes can woman S0 bright und clover? Native—Well, you K ve our womon ro half a chance. and they getso all-fired t they take the other half. Indinnapolls Journai: T of huuling iron for a foundr ploynient agent. “1 pass,” responded the fdle man. 1 don't intend to bg an [ron Halier the second time thank you, Bin most Now York Horala A T vou n job ald the ém-* Republ dmired by young Indies are goid b Now Orle ter that ol is the bar-gain cou AN ECHO FIROM BUZZARD'S BAY. Kanaas City Journal, 1find, in every section, New oauses for dojection What shall 1 do miy sink 1 think I'd betto Writs someone a brief letter; I haven't written one for two whole days. Atchlson Globo: Wlen a mon doesn't know how to spell & word he writes 1t 80 horribly that his correspondent cannot tell whether the word is misspelied or not. 1g hopes to ralse? Washington Star: The man who carrles a parasol in the sun has a shade the best of it. Kate Field’s Washinzton: e (putting on the ring)—So glad_ you like opals! So many girls aro afraid of ‘em. She (susplciously)—How do you know? He—Trled ‘em. “This confinement s killing me," ined the Rmssian prisone You do look pale,” commented the cuard. “I'll see that yon get a knouting tomorrow." com- Statisties show that r men In tob; 0, but what statistics do not show 1s that throe Gut of four of them try to borrow most of it from their friends. A COOL IDEA New Yoris Heral. It may be fun to sit and broil Beside a brawling stroam And see tho fish you In sunlit waters glen: But 1 detest the tangiing lines And curse theirsnarly strands; I want to jump right in the pool And cateh fish with my hands. e THR SUMMER GIRL. Somerville Journal, Tho Summer Girl s coming homo, All brownoa, and plump, and rosy, Preparad to make the winter ssem Extromely nice and cozy. She's bathed. and danced, and walked, and suiled, And read a book, and flirted, TUIL to the young men sho has left The whole worid seoms deserted. The flush of hoalth 1s in lior cheoks, With fun ker eyes ure dancing; The flush of conquest in her hoart Mikes 1ifo seem most entrancing. A so0n she'll be cho Winte And we shall bow befo; For she was made to be Aud therefore est Manufuol argof Olothing | “If I'uz p I'd buy my boy a new suit of clothes before I ¥ sent him off to school,” is the porte elties, plain suits, 4 to 14, $2 up; 14 to 1 whether they buy or not. Our store closes at 6:30 p. m., except Hu days, when we close at 10 p. bition just now. ing the finest lines of fall suits for boys and children ever im- e worsted, cassimeres and everything new under the sun. of fali overcoats, the very lat hats and furnishing goods in enlless variety. This sale is special in the children’s department—the coziest spot in town. Ladies who are out shopping will enjoy a rest in our casy chairs, to which they are equally welcome CAMPATGN CLATTER. This might be called a democratic week in Nevraska. In addition to tho state conven- tion today, the dewmocrats of the Fifth con- mressional district hold their convention at Red Cloud, Thursday, and on Saturdav at Broken Bow ocours the Sixth district demo- | eratio convention, This will bo the nearest toa democratic week that Nebraska will come this yoar, Sl this fsn't au entirely domooratic woek, The peoplo who visit Grand Island tomorrow Will not roalizo that there is a democrat in the wholo stato of Nebraska, or an indepead- ont either, The entousiasm with which the old bour bons are ‘breparing to piace candidates in nomination by potition was illustratea ab Battle Creek last Saturday. The domo- cratio county convention had been- calied for that day, but it didn’t wmeet. One or two old standbys gatherod at the appointed time and place and thon adjourned until Soptembor 20 for the want of more democrats, The real dark horso for governor is not J. Sterling Morton or Dr. Millor, but N. 8. Harwood of Lincoln, who has been n mug- wump after the Clevelana pattern. Harwood was a republican up to within the last five yoars. Ho was privato secrota ry of Gover nor Garbor and delogato to tho national re- publican convention of 1884 and delegato to tho national democratic convention of 1503, Ho was formerly of tho law firm of Har wood, Kelley & Amos and his supportors ex- pect him to araw heavily on disgruntled vailroad republicans. Tho Cass county candiaate for attornoy general, Mr. Geriug, feols very confident of | his nomination in tho democratio state cone vention toduy, and it he fails iv will only be because he has boen sold out. Thero is troublo ahead MeKeighan in tho Fifth challenged P’rof. Androws and the latter has accepted, for Congressman district. He hus to a jolnt debate It remained for the tolescopic oars of the World-Herald's staff correspondentat tho re- cont republican state convention to catch remark that was untieard by any other man inthe convention hall. Ho asserts thata delegate cried “Damn the Swodes” while waling a speoch on tho floor of the conven tion. Among 1,500 peovle the World-Herald corrospondent was the only one who heard the remark. The young maw's cars will be in great demand when telephonic communi. cation 1s established between the carth and tho planet Mars, Fditor Wahlquist of the Hastings Demo- crat is his purty's candidate for state senator from Adums count Wablquist 1s the young mau who was slated for auditor early in the campaign: but he gave it out cold that he wasn’t running on the state ticket in a year when the chances for success were so I hopeless as in tho prosent campalgn, General Vifqualn “is a candidate after Grover Clovelana’s own heart, His gratu- itous fnsult to the vetorans at De Witt week before last, when he asserted that 150,000 old soldiers were drawing pensions secured by perjury and fraud, will awaken vesponsive sympathy in tho broast of the man who ve- toed nearly 500 pension bills. Judge Irvine says he Is not a candidate for congressional honors and would not accept the nomnation under ‘any circumstances. W. D. McHugh says tho same thing and Judge Doane is left with a olear track to se- curo the democratic nomination if he sowills Mombers of the old Union club are talking of airculating a patition among the business men of the city asking Henry Estabrooi to become o candidate for the congressional nomination at the hands of the democrats of the Second district. Judge A. L. Sutton and Captain J. B. Hart of Sonth Omaha are both more than willing to be members of tho unext logis- lature from this district, Charlos Geas is also In the legislative race, John M. Thurston bas accepted an invita. tion to address the State Republican lese meeting at Grand Island Wednesday, Another challenge for a political debate has boen issuea. This time it comos from Poynter to Meiklejohn, Poynter will prob- ably tell the people of the Third how he managed to forage ou the enemy when he was president of tho senate, Audrow Bockman of Oakland has_entored the raco as catdidato for stato auditor on the democratio ticket. It looks as if the first ballot for that nomination would show more starters than the ropublicans put for urers and Dealors n tho World, a height of the average boy's am- We are show- d. No old styles. New nov- , new shades, in fancy and cheviots, cassimeres and checked and striped Boys' 8 years, $6 up. A full line , atspecial prices. Boys’ a7 S S~ S e == Browning,King&Co - |§