Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, October 11, 1890, Page 2

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE,$ATURDA . first, good farming, second, money sived W purcliae and sales: (hird, Just lawdy and Tiet but not least, the fmprovement of the ac ©inl 1ifo of the fafm, 1t recognizey the vast and far-renching importance of woman's Sork. not simply 45 @ common button sewer. it as 4 companion and helpmeet—the life and soul of the farm. In theso aims It (s en- Ritied 10 the support of all good eitizens. That is the kind of an alliance man I am foday. I favor those principles; Tam inter. ested i the welfare of the farmer; I amin forested in any legislation or anything that an be done to make him more prosperous, and for this reason: Whenever tho farmer is prosperous, whenever he has plenty ot money, every other business and every other trado throtghout the country is prosperous overy- where, I donot believe in the farmers ar- yaying themselves as a party against allother classes of industry. 1do not believe a man phould go to legislature or congress to enact Jaws simply for one class of people, I belicve Yhat, if o man's views are not broad enongh to fake in his whole constituency he ought not 10 g0 where laws are to be mide at all. 1 believe ifa man is clected to the state Yogislature he should not only take into con sideration the countics he re but he phould take in this vast empire and stop and study the wants of the whole state, and hould feel that Tio is under the most solemn obligations to do the very best he can for the Suterests of the state as a whole. Hence, it seems to mo that no man is quali- fled to have the position that takes the nar- Jow view that he goes thereto do the very Vst and all he can for u single class of pe ple, forgetting and leaving out all otk tiasses of people with their varied interests. 1d 1 find also that with reference to this alliance movement L am in harmony with thiree or four different states, Here 1s some fhiing from the state of Indiava. It may be Avell to state that thero ave two_ organizations §n Indiana entirely distinet, one known as the National ailiance and one formerly known as the Northern allisnce, organized at Fort Wayne June 5, The policyof the National Yas always beén to push 1ts reforms within the various partics, thus making it avuilable 1o the farmers’ inferests in the political in- fluence of its members And then in thestate of Ohio, with over a thousand farmers, probably as intelligent Sarmers as could bo found within the bounds of that state, assembled together to study and acquaint themselves with some way by which they could further the interests of the agricultural people of that state, and here ir afew of the declarations from them: ‘*We must agreo upon either one or the other course; that is, that we either act indopend- ently us a party, or act through the other parties,” and it says the farmer must be a factorin politics, Can this condition best be reached by the formation of an alliance party, or by making its inflience feltin the control of existing parties. “It is the sense of this convention that we should first test th alliance, und we hope we shall not be com- yelled to resort to the alternative.” That 1 true of this large aud intelligent body of farmers in the state of Towa, they should through the existing partics, and I also have their resolution here passed by the Farmers' association in the same line and 1 the samo direction. If the farmers will act together, and whenever anything comes hing their interests and they can oy act together, T tell you'wh a force as that no~ party pose i They hold too big an country for them to dare to do otherwise, The committee on the tariff bill state that farmers came in, democrats and republicans and all sorts of political belief, and asked them to do certain things with reference to the agricultural interests, and 1 have some statements here, 1 don't know whether it is best for me to take the time to read them, for I want to give most of the time this evening 10 Mr. Rosewater, in which these farmers de- manded that somcthing should bo done. The committee, as you ll understand, invited everybody to coine before them and’ present their wanits and stated they would do the best they could by them. We imported last year 130,640 bushels of wheat. The farmers found this out, is what the committee says asked that the duty on wheat be from 20 to 85 cents per bushel. Now, it was said by Mr. Burrows whenhe was at Fair- bury, that the senate of the United States was ‘made up of vich men and would not fegislate in the interests of any other class but rich men. Now, when they put the tariff on wheat, who are they to benefit? Not themselves, for they are consumers of wheat; it is the man that raises the wheat, and in ordgr to remunerate him that mu Ter for it. We imported last year 873,380 bushels ‘of potatoes, aud the request of the farmer was that the duty should be rised from 15 cents to2 cents a bushel. The object of that was to benefit the farmer and to benefit him alone. Who raises the potatoes in this country? Where do they ceme from? Are they uot the pro- ductsof the toil and labor of the farmer! And has not congress saidin this bill, **We are willing to add this much to help you that you may get better prices and may have more noney in your pockets, and therefore help all other business by being able to diswribute that money among tho business industries of the country " A man who lived on the border Ticard that they sold hoes for 50 cents apicce in Canada and in, the United States the charged 75 cents, so in _order to setile the question ho thought bhe would go and s He found a hoe for 50 cents, and it w poor lioe, but he said to the hardware the other side, “Why do yon sell hoes conts! T bought this one for 50 cents.” Tho merchant told him that he would sell him a loe like that for 40 cents, but he wouldn't haveit. 1 have come to this conclusion. wrong, butif 1 am osonts, would dare to op- influence in this I may be wrong I want to be righted. I presume I folt the same as a good many other farmer: eding cattle #nd I wasn’t getting much for it; I was working myself for nothing, and 1 thought it is possible that these monied men do control the cattle mavket and we are being ground down to toil and labor for nothing bocause they have the power to buy the eattle at just such prices as they want to, I got to stud in the thing over and I'says to myself: Mr. Sweetand Mr. Avmour did not have millions of dollars invested in that cold _stor- nge, what in theworld would become of our attle.” 1f they had not had the cold storage we 1du't possibly have given away the cattlo because they could not take care of them and I am glad that there ave men that have mone and can take care of our products when we nnl-|uliu 1o over-stocked with them, one as o farmer, as a tiller of the soil, to expect velief, if relicf was to come at_all, from_ the republican party sooner than from any other orgunization that could be made. S0 faras the furmer is concerned they aroall right, the most of them, but they haveno sottled or fixed policy by which theyare to accomplish an thing and when they come to get together in alliances, you will sco that in less than ten winutes it is almost utterly impossible to got them to agree upon anything. Thero are a few more conservative that ean agree, but I am satisfied that if the republicans majority in the legislature this winter, we can pass the Towa railvoad law. I believe this ulliance has dono good in_ this state; it has started people up and set thom o think- ing about these great questions, which T believe after all will work out for 'good, and it will muke theold parties more careful to seek to do justice throughout the country Hence, T feel liko stuying with thio old party; there area great. many things that can be said about what it has” dones it has a gravd hastory. 1 think there never wasa party since the world began that ever accom- plislied so much for a nation or a peoplo in & ittlo overa quarter of a century as the ro- publican party has accomplished for this nation. Theso aro my honest convictions from my experience and contact with the varty. “And today T think if thoro are any st of men on earth ready and willing to do the bidding of the people it is the republican party Away back In the time of Lincoln, during the war, Dr. Evanstonof Chicagoand an- other gentleman, 1 have forgotten his name, went to Lincoln to urge him to issue the proclamation freeing the slaves, but Lincoln said: _*‘Whenever public sentiment demands it it will bo issued.” That has been the re- publican seatiment. Whenevera reform or & measure has been demanded by public sen- timent it has been their policy to sup- port it. Hence 1 have faith in tho party and faith 1o the men in it and I beliove if we stand by the old party we shall find ourselves increas- ing in prosperity and in credit at home and abroad, and growing in intelligence and everyth time to come. HON., E. ROSEWATER'S SPEECH, Food for Reflection for the Voters of This State. Mr. Rosewater spoke as follow: Mr. Chairman and Fellow-citizens: We wre now on the eve of the most important election which has ever taken piace in Ne- braska since she entered into the sisterhood , for these reasons I have felt justified” g that makes o nation graud for all | of states, and, while this is called an ‘off- year,” the outcome of this cloction will, in many respects, be just as important as any presidential clection at which our citizens have participated. 1 have been a republican Jike the gentleman who preceded me, T since 1 nd while I eould not cast my vote in Neb for Abraham Lincoln in 1564 be- cause this state was then still a_territory, T voted for Ulysses 8. Graut in 1808 and for every republican candidate for president since this state nas been in the union, and I have no regrets to offer, nor apologies to make for the course I havo bursued The republican party has s grand and glorious & record as any political organiza- tion that ever managed the affairs of nation | Tt has been in power thirty yeavs, with an interim of four, and the intermission hus been of great benefit to enlighten people as to its nerits us o manager of national affairs. During the four years of democratic adminis- tration every effort was made to unearth ud, tounearth corruption, to unearth dis- crepancies in the national treasury which had been managed twenty-four years,” from Abra- ham Lincoln down to Chester A, Arthur, by | In that treasury do- cliere during that period billions and billions of money had been handled, every dollar was accounted for, not a penn was missing. O, yes, thoy discover a disctepancy of two cents and after diligent search they found two pen- nies that had rolledout in the vault of the treasury and_were lying under a keg of coin. With ail the billions that had been handled by the men who made our greenbicks, and nitional currency, and issued our bonds, with all the money that had been coined there, with all the vast sums that had been collectod by the internal rovenue, the percentage of Losses very much smaller than it had been during any administration the domo- crats had up to 1500, Ineed not say to you here that the repub- lican party bas at all times been the party of freedom and progress. That is a matter of history. The democratic panty has been simply arty of reaction and obstruc- tion. formore than a quarter of & century been marcling five orten y be- hind the r an part form ampioned by the republic has been opposed by the democr but in the due course of time when the policy had bee; accepted and proved beneficial, tho demo- erats fall in and claim to be the’ originators of it. Now right here in the st which only thirty-six years ago was carved out as a territory, during the throes of a great struggle for liberty—the Kansas and Nebraska contest—the question arises whether the people of this state will surren- der the government, which has been held successively by republican administrations for twenty ‘odd years, intothe hands of dem- ocrats or men who are i collusion with dem- ocrats, I catinot roview the cratie party in Nebras With one single excej of the state, Mr. Stu o of Nebraska, history of the demo- for it has no history that of treasurer -dovant, it never electod astateoficer. And that state ofiicer failed signally to live up to hisautimonopoly pledges. And now we are confronted with two par- ties in the state; the' democratie party, with astraight demoeratic ticket, and the people’s party, made up chicfly of members’ of the fi ) alllance, which is being steered mocratic camp, The priuciples these two parties are now supporling are in some respects alike; tho main object is to_down the republican party at any cost. The democratic party, i it platform, has veiterated a great miny dal old platitudes, and some few new things that accord with popular sentiwent at the present tme. Some of them are simply de- lusions, in my opinion at least, such s the unhmited silver coinage proposition. 1 believe the silver bill passed by the last congress 15 ample for all purposes, 1t assures an increase of our currency, backed ¢ silyer bullion of &, 000,000 every month. 1 do not believe that free coinage would be of auy benefit to the farmer, the laborer or the morchant. Ido not see why the government of the United States should pay more to the silver kings of Colorado and Nevada for their silver bullion than it is worth on the market, Ido not understand why Uncle Sam should take the bullion of the mining willionaires, coin it free of charge into silver dollars and hand it back to them again as legal tender. The silver bill passed by congress has no- toriously added millions of dollars to the ith of the bullion owners, That was seen by those who understood the law of supplyand demand. Notonlyhave we paid for bullion mned in the 'L'nhcn} States, but vast quantities of silver imported from Germany, Hollaud, Mexico and other foreign countric: haye been sold for 25 per cent more than their vale in the markets of the world previous to tho passage of the silver bill, Now let me take a look at the independent people’s party. At the outset it was an- nounced that this was a_spontaneous moy ment of the people, free fromall interference on the part of politicians, We were assured that all the old methods of trickery that the party workers and machine politicians have used in the old parties were to be discarded, and a new systemof very pure government substituted, W do we find! We find four or fivemen putting their heads togethe setting up the pins. We find packed caucuses and conventions, with the same old trickery, and worse bossism than would be submitted to by members of cither of the old parties, This was to be a people’s movement, and very naturally it was expected that all the people in sympathy with it were to have a fair chance of choosing its candidates, Di they have such a chance! Theupportion- ment made by the bosses, or dictators, as some call them, Was & Most consuminate picce of jugglery. Douglas county, with a popula- tion of over 150,000, and more than 15,000 workingmen, was given twenty-five dele- gates in the state convention, and Frontier county, with a population of less than 9,000, was given twenty-one delegates. Lancaster county, with @ population of over 75,000, was given twenty-four delogates in the people's convention, and Red Willow county, with a population of 8 was represented by sixteen delegate: county, with over 10,000 population, had one delegzate less than Hitcheock county, with her 5100 population. The object of this gerrymandering was manifest to everybody that attended the state convention. The counties in the burnt district of the Republi- can Valley were given the preponderance of votes in order to defeat General Van Wyck's candidacy, who was invincible with the work- ing men of Lincoln and Omaha. Van Wyck hias always been an anti-monopolist; he is a farmer himself and a member of the alliance, He wprescuted this state creditably in the national senate, and enjovs a national reputation. He was shelved by this packed convention and a man substituted who has never been o member of any logis lative body, has never been tried in any pub- lic ofice except that of commissioner in a sparsely settled county, Now, I have nothing to say against Mr, Powers as a man, but of his ability to admin- ister the offairs of this state we have no evi- denceas yet. Wo have no evidence thut he is capublé of managing even o small farm, So faras can be learned he has failed to achieve success anywhere, and now he ex- pectsus to eloct him chitf exeoutive of a state with nearly eleven hundred thousand population and $1,000,000,000 of property. The same may be said of other candidates on the people’s independent ticket. Tho farmers and working men have been invited 10 join in a movement for better government }m\l ourer men, What have they been of- ored ! You have a candidate for congress in your district who, as [am told, has notsuch a ve ord as would be considered pure and entirely undefiled. I will not go into details about it. 1t is not necessary to do that, bat suffice it to say that he has been trusted in & public place that demands the most unbending integrity and requires a man of terapcrate habits_ and clear judgment. In that place he has been found utterly wanting, Now, Le is togo to congress. What for! Simply because | lives in a sod house. Why does he liv sod house! Why do the farmers that live in bis county almost all live in commodious framo houses, reasonably well furnished, and why have theso ncighbors of McKeighan cattle, sheep and poultry and why has he nothing to show for the in- dustry of these years! If he is an exemplary farmer, he ought at least to be able to copo withall the other farmers of his neighbor hood unless some calamity has deprived him of his means of subsistance. No one say: he has had twins every twelve months in his famiiy. {Laughter.] No one charges that ho has an enormous lot of relations to support, und 80 far as I can learn, the man is poor simply from a want of thrift and lack of sobriety. Is that the kind of & man to send to tho national legistature form the Second congrossional distriet! I doubt it. [Ap- plause, | Right here let me ask you if McKelghan is elected to congress, what will he do therel For the next two years, the republican ad- ministration will " remain in wer, and whether the house of representatives is dem- ocratic or whether the house is republican, the policies of the republican party will pre- vail, MeKoighan will be simply o dead let- ter: he will haveno more to do with the ap- pointment of a simple village postmaster than the city marshal of Hebron: he will have no more to do with creating or extend ing post routes in his district than any mem ber of your city council and perhaps not as much, for if they are republicans, they may bo able at least to wieu some influence through ~ the republ represon tu- tives of this state in the upper house, if mot in the lower. Andif theve ar other things to be dene fn_the distri there are any other cities inthis district n ing postofiice buildings, if you need new | oftices or anything requiving the expenditiuro of money i any direction, you will have no possible ehance of securing appointments or appropriations through McKelghan. But we will_be told that McKeighan is a st financl that the policies he 1 advocate in the national legislaturo 1 soon_give the far west and workin n of Nebraska unbounded prosperity, ery man, woman and child is to have all the noney they ask for. Farmers will be able to borrow money at 2 per cent. The re peal of the prosent tariff will give you freo trade, and you will be able to buy in the cheapest market and sell in the dearest Now, what will it be in reality?! What would be the effect of two or three, ‘ot fifteen McKeighaus in a house composed of 8% men bers with a republican senate and a repub- lican president! Why, nothing, It wouid be like the dog barking at the moon. Me- Keighan would scarcely be known in committec even if he appeared before then, nd so faras his financial policies—or falla [ call them—are concerned, they would simply be emptied into the congressional waste basket The fiat money theories that Powers and McKeighan bave beenad vocating in the stato that is, the thory of fiat money—have been exploded long ugo way buck as 1872, When George Francis Train was a candidate president of the United States on a fiat mone, platform there were only about 8,000 vot in Nebraska willing to subscribe to such wild cat schemme: McKeighan, Kem and Bill Dech and other candidates of the new party everswhere point back to the “good old prosperous times of 186," right after the war, when they say there were o many more dollars per capita in circulation ; whén the laborer got 82,50 or b day, and the farmer got § a bushel ' for his wheat. . Let us take a look backward and see how the “prosperous old times'" worked, In the mid- dle of 1865, when the contending armi marched home from the battlefieid, a willion of destroyers of property came home and —re sumed -ordinary avocations wherever the could find cmployment. When they camoe they found most” of the places filled, and wherever an soldier was givena placo another man was crowded out,so presently we had a country full of unempl mon; in a very short period the men bej to wander all over this land in quest of em- ployment. Then began the tramp poriod. There were tramps everywhere, ‘Tramps on thepublic highways; people could scarc with safety from one part of the countr another, incvery little nd big cit} scores of men were dbout the s shelter in the jails sometimes 1 to sleep on the sidewalks under the open skies. The legislatures were obliged to enact Laws to protect the people from these tramps. This wasin “those good old pre ous times' when the laboring man got $2.50 a day. And about this time what were the prices of things that the laborer and farmer had o buy! I went to work the other day to inve tigate for myscll and see tow prosperous tl man was that got $2.50 a day and [ found this state ot affairs: I found if he was a married man and wished to buy a calico dress for his wife he would pay from 40 to 60 centsa yard for calico. A calico dress with hooks and oyes and one spool of cotton (which was 30 cents) cost $3.40; today you can buy the same daress for 70 cents, In 1566 one sack of flour cost the laborer $6.50; today he gets it for £3.50. Coffee was 45 centsa pound, today it is 80 cents; in 1360 four pounds of granulated sugarsold for adollar, today he can get twelve pounds for a dollar; candles were 40 cents pound, today they are 15 cents; rice was soll- ingat 20 cents o pound, today it is Scents a pound; vinegar was 90 cents a gallen, now it s 80 conts; tea was 82,30 a_pound, today itis $1.00 Ip was $2.20 a gallon, now it is 90 cents; a washboard sold for 60'cents, now it is 25 cenls: one caddy of maiches sold for #1.90, now it costs 40 cents; coal oil was sell- ingat $1.40 a gallon, now it is 15 conts; soap was 1714 cents a pound, now itis 6 cents ; an ordinary bedstead cost 220 to #25, now he can buy one for § to $: other furniture in~ the same proportion. monest kind of an overcoat and now can be bought for 5 to §3. all the clothes that the laboring man had to clothe himself and family was three times as high as it is now, and some of it five times as high, during those “good old times of pros- T oA whenever you wanted to give a receipt to anybody fori5 cents you had to puta stamp on it; if you had a check to draw on a bank you had toput ona stamp; if you wanted to make a deed toa piece of propérty there had to be a stamp on it; if you wante to take out a life nSurance po there tad to be a stimp on it; if you wanted to send a message by telegraph, you had to puton a stamp, Evory bottle of medicine had a stamp on it, every box of matches had a stamp onit, ever photograph had a stamp on the back. ' There were stamp dutics on tea and stamp duties upon coffee. In_ addition to that, there was an income tax levied on wage workers and salaried men, and on all classes, These are the good 0ld ' prosperous times that the gen- tleman wants to return to. I, for mysclf, wi see them again. I think the ing man better afford to work for 8150 and $1.7 a day, when & dollar is as large us a cavtwheel ‘and will buy more things than it ever did at any othér time in the history of the United Stites, than to €0 back to the time of $2.50 per day and be almost starving and half the time out of em- ployment. [ Applause, | Look at the condition of the mechanic of 1806 and 1890, The highest price ever paidin Omaha for skilled labor was &ia dayto brick- for ton hours' work; today he gets $1.50 it or nine hours” work: the machinist, ksmith aud carpenter got almost the ages today that he didin 1506, The * carns more today than he did twenty- » yoars ago; and the men of all trades wilhout exception are getting within 20 per cent of the wazes that were current of 1566, And I want to sy right here that the laborer of today is betver off than ho ever was. He is better clothed and better fed: his children g0 to better schools and his family wears better materials; the live in botter houses, have moro leisure and are better off in every respect, and their con- dition has oeen improved under republican Iministrations and under republican rule for twenty-five years. |Applause] \What aro we promised when the day of jubilee has come! We ave promised great things, but what kind of prosperity will we get when the stock of currency is waterod in this country and the dollar won’t buy any more of the nécessaries of lifo than it did at the close of the warl They say to the debtor class their salvation is in getting more moncy into cireulation. Inever had any money to loan. I belong to the debtor class. 1 beliove T am paying more interest than any one man in the state of Nebraska; but I lave borrowed good money and I propose to pay back the kind of money I bor- rowed; if I had borrowed wheat I would want to pay my ereditors back in wheat, and if 1 had borrowed corn, I would want to pay them back in corn. No man who is in debt today has borrowed his money tweuty-iive year's ago; all of us who are in debt have had to borvow within the last five or ton vears, and the money we have borrowed was worth 100 cenis on the doliar. ~ Shall we now say to our ereditors, “We propose to repudiate this debt or pay it with the new kink of money that is not worth 100 cents on the dollar!" Don't you see what calamity would befall the country if this first scheme of paying debts would be carried into effect? Within a quarter of a century the republi- can party paid off all but about 5,000,000 of the &23,000,000 of its bonded debt, and it has raised the national credit above that of any country on the globe, If you water the stock of money the credit of the nation will be weakened if notde- stroyed, This country is now saving hun- dreds of millions a year by the reduction of interest rates on the public debt-—national, state and municipal, Shall we now now go back and recklessly destroy public con- fidence! In 1877 during those prosperous times T bor- rowed §0,000 at 12 per cent compound inter- est, and in six years I paid $10,00) interest on the loan. At that thme 15 per cent wias the legal rate of interest in Nebraska. Two years ago I borrowed 200,000 from an insuraice company at 6 per cent. Depreciate the national currency by infla- tion and their date of interest will bo ralsed 010 per cent or they would forcclose when the loan is due. Kight here let me call your attention tothis fact: The sale of a commodity and its value is governed by tho, laws of supply and de- mand, but money isnot governed by the laws ofsupply and derand; and the reason is ob- vious. When motwgids abundant everybody is speculating and botrowing money because he thinks he can make more money. He_ en- s in some spaculativeenterprisein which expects to turn over his money, and he is willing to pay the money lender & high rate of interest. But &pdeulation is dull, business is quiet, und theve Js a large amount of moncy lomable at loy ' raws of interest This has boen ; the state affairs for the last five or six years, The rates of interest Mave gradually’ €one down. Everybody who Jnows anytiing about tinan- cial affairs will agyoewith me, that all over the country there hus'been o gradual v tion of the'interest rate, and today there very large amouny, of ‘money loaned upon farms in this stateat 7 por cent, and even at 6 per cent interest, and any man who has good security can get loans renewed at that rate. But the money shavers, men who loan money upon chattel securities, and the mid- dle mien between the legitimate banker and the boftower, have been charging 2 and 3 per cent a month in this state, Ior that the ropublican party is not responsible Nebraska now has on her statute books strong usivy laws, and in its platform the party is pledzed to mike theso usury laws still more stringent through the next legislature soas to protect these people who are willing to avail themselves of the protection afforded by better laws. But, as a matterof fact, all this hue and ory about cheapening money by filling the country with greenbacks, s a delusion, If we had today three times'as much money in the country as we have now, the debtor ¢lass would get no relief because money would be loaned at a much higher rate of intevest thau it com- mands now. L6 Our friend Kom in the Third district points with pride to the $1,500 mortgige he has on his farm, which hehopes some day to pay off by borrowing money at 2 per cent of the nutional govérnment to the extent of one- half of the appraised value of his tand. Now Mr. Kem's 160 acre farm is assessed ot &5 per acre, or $00. Under his own_proposition he would only be able to borrow & cent, to pay_ off a mortguge of 81,500, it would he do with &100in paying oft mortgage? He would haveto somewhere else. (Applause.] 1f he could not raise it, he would haveto inflate the appraisemens of that property up to the full £000 to secure that loan of 81,500 (which would be more likely than anything clse bocause that would ~be the most common course pursued) and what would be the result? The government would have a farm for sale after a while and Kem would be somewlere clse. [Applause] But probably not in congress, In the Argentine Republic the same thing was tried recently with this rvesult: The people of the Argentine Republie, taking ex- iple from our fiat system duringz the war, ued a currenc b the governmen t loaned at 2 per ¢ ing land. Ap- praisers were appointed everybody wanted to be anappraiser. It was a profit- able business, better than going to congress a good deal. The appraisements v ade about three times the value of the land and the governiment loaned the farmers mone; d the farmers failed to pay the 2 per cent interest when it came due, and the govdri ment now has got the land. ' In the meantime tine Republic was filled with a st quantity of irredeemable curren: The, issued 5159 per capita, gold went up skeyhigh and tho country was speedily bankrupted. Today th Republic iscompletely stlilrg is almost at a stand- That fs exatly shat would follow the adoption of the wild séeme proposed by our alliance leaders. We were told today by my friend, General Van Wyck, that both parties have pursued the sauio finncialjolicy. That is true, and o other policy could have been pursued with safety to the people of the United States Certainly the demperats would have pursued difY policy from the republicans, if fov 10 other reason than to differ, but when they came into power they found _they had to do precisely the same thing, Not becanse Wall street ordered it, Thatis smple nonsen What is Wall streat anyhow! A lot of less speculaters who go in for making the largest amonnt of money in the shortest possible ting, men who gamble in gold when it is at 4 premlum, in railroad stocks, telegraph stocks, mining 'stocks, and cvery species of colisteral. They don't 'care how mich you infiste theicurrency-tho more the better.” Wall streot was behiind the sil- ver bill and wanted freo coinage; the conser- vative people of the country donot. Wall street men make millions one day and then zo on beariug down and depreciating the stocks that they bulled up and make more money Wallstreet was i its glory during the in- flation period between 1566 and 1873, Wall street was just booming. The gold exch gamblers made millions and ‘millions, but with 1878 came a day of reckoning. The Northern Pacific bubble that had been in- flated by Jay Cook eollapsed and hun of Taise absolutely ruined; hundredsof them com- mitted e to escape the disgrace of them were not able to face their f who had been reared in magnificence and ufiiuence. Thousands migrated out country and sought to weuperate the fortunes abroad. No one_who n this panic and collapse will want an like this financial scheme so high: mended by our flat money agitators, I¥ any one was wanted to goto Grand Island to manage the sugar beot factory, you would look for somebody who had some knowledge of making sugar from beets; if a munager was wanted for the Omaha smelt- ing works we would want_somebody who un- derstands tho handling of silver and gold ores aud kuew something about chemistry. If you wanted somebody to ryn a great pritit- ingz house you would want someboty who un- derstood printing, or at least the manage ment of it. But when you want somebody to manage the finances of the nution you haye got togo to a dugout and get ananwho never handled a thousand dollurs in his life. Although the American people can truth- fully boast of having the most stable and ro- iable currency in the world, every paper dol- lar as good as”a gold dollar, and wold, sivor and paper interchangeable without discount or premium in every scction of the country from Maine to Oregon, We are constantly told that the administration of our finances is going from bad to worse from year to year, thut the industrial classes and the soldiers have never been able to keep a correct ac count of the few transuctions incumbent on a county judgo in the sottlementof estates. Such geniuses feel perfectly at home in tho discussion of the most intricate problems of national financiermg. They know just how much and what kind of currency the govern- ment should issue, and how this vast rev- enue of the government should be collectod and disbursed. Compared with them Salmon P. Chase and all his suc- cessors in the treasury were mere nir And these reckless assertions are bel by ~thousands of misinformed farmers and workingmen as gospel truth. Now what is the history ~of the creenback and our bonded debt ¢ When the war broke ont, the eonfederates left the treasury omy I heard General Howel Cobb, Buchauny’s rebel scereta the treasury, mako fi gfwech in which he sa “These Lincoluites ywho a ving to Wash- ingeton will not find any moncy. 1didn't trey to leave them any.” . o openly boasted that they had_robbed the: treasury and loft it empty. That is the way Lincoln found tho national treasury whéy he started out to pro tect the union againgt Its confederate enciies He appealed to the patriotic men of the coun- try aud called o tiyip, for uid ory rich man or mode Willthy man who came forward and offeret tj loan money to the government was . Plessed by the people just 0s much ag )f Lo hal enlisted and shouldered o musket, for without money nobody could have kopt fleld, and when thify greenbacks, or note first igSuld they wer in pay by everybody,, t democ flatists chy > thatotke soldier gov one kind of pay and the bosdbolder another. That was not true. The government issued its 1 O. U, That was all it had togive, with tho prowise that it would b re- deemed in money, constitutional money, which meuns gold or silver coin,”' Had the soldier been able to hold his grecobacks, he would un- doubtedly have n able to have redeemed them in gold or silver. were these bonds disposed of ! Jay Cooke ad. vertised in the papers all ovor the country in- viting everybody that bad any money willing to give our'country credit to~ come " forward and subscribe for the bonds, and the bonds were taken not only by rich men, but by wago workers in all the lurge cities. Thy savings of servant girls, mechanics nnd laborers and the savings of the merchan! went into those bonds at that Therd was no discount made, a5 wo ard told. The government gave this bond in good faith and redeemed it in good faith! We have been told that every little whily resolutions have been passed’ through cou- gress pledging the nation to redecm those thing recom- emand time. of this | - fulien | members tho soldiers in the | How | OCTOBER 11, 1890 bonds in gold. Very well, suppose the gov: ernment had not done s0; suppose it had been in the condition of the Avgeutine Re public suppose it had boen in the condition | of Turkey; suppose it had been in the condi- tion of Russia tolay, with its currency de. | preciated and its credit broken downi What | sort of prosperity would we have! Was | it mot tho very best kind of financlering t0 assure tno craditors of the United States that the government would om those | pledges in the only money thit passes current | s such all over the world. 1t is not true that the soldierwas paid off & for §10 in the be- | rinning of the war, in 1801, gold was only | vory slightly above parand prices wero not | very Just beforo starting for Hebron | yesterday I foundin an old bibletwo $10 con. foderate bills aadan old lotter which I had | written from Omaha in 1863, to the Cleveland | Herald. On the back of it there happened 1o | be tho market quotations of Cloveland, for | October 1573, 1 notice wheat 81.27 per bushel; corn, ®e; ry ); but- | ter was quoted at22c; cheese, 12c; 17 and $18; lard, 11; and greon apples £2.50 8 bari petrolenm wis of o very high in those days, 6Jeonts, and so on W hint does that show ! 1t shows that in 156 | whilewe were in thomidst of war, pi were still low ; that the soldier when he sent his meney home—for he was boavdel and clothed by the government-that his family bouglt their things pretty nearly as cheap then as now Wien the inflation was atits helght in 1565 and 1366 the greenback had depreciated, but the soldier did not hold on toit that long, his family had got through with it All'the tallc about the robbery of the soldier or the producer by the rotirement of the greenback and issue of bonds is the sheerest rot. The largestamount of greenbacks that was ever out at one time was $450,000,000, Today thero are still £450,00,10 of groen- backs in citeulation and in the'treasury. So we have retived just 7,000,000 of greenbacks and in theirplace haveadded over$400,00,000 of gold coin and £130,000,00 insiiver coin and silver certificates to our stock money. The flatist clamor about our national bank currency is equilly absurd, The n banks had over thrée hundred and fifty lions of currency at one time, now tk less than half that amount out 3 surrondering it at the rate of §2,000000 a | month. Still there is no contraction of the lating medium, For every §2,000,600 of national bank currency surrendered and can- | colled the treasury is issuing £5.00,000 of sil- r certificates, whichare seeured by bullion in the treasury vaults, 1 waut tosay to the farmers because tho farmers have been told that under the admin- istration of the republicans everything that they sell has been made cheap andeversthing that they buy made dear. [ don't think any party could ‘control the price of wheat in Liverpool, or the price of cotton or any class of commolity that was exported. Iquote from a party in Fort Dodge, Ia, who 1 le & computation to show the dif- ference in prices in the last ten years: self-binders thatsold in 155 for 15 ate now selling for §130; eorn planters in 1330 sold for #0, now they scll for $03 riding cultivators in 1880 were 15, now they are £25; sprin | wagons, two-seafed, #160_in 130, | per ke Bin 1830, &3 now; mi | dozenn in 180, 81 per dozen now: | ten conts a pound in 130, now 1t is | four cents a pound, notwithstand wire trust, which ought to be ro »is no question about that. The demo- cratic party said that, but thoy were in power four yearsand didn’t' do it. 1t 1sa question simply of local legislation. Now I want toask in all sincority what is proposed to bedone by our friends on the peopl’s ticket. We were told in the first place that it was not a pavty, but your chs man here has furnished me with o letter that would indicate thatthey are a party. FHo had heen an organizer of the farmers® aliiance up toa very recent periol, He was atruo and frusted man in the allianceand did bis | work, T presume, faithfully, as membvers of theallinnce in this section will cortify. He has scen fit to remain a republican instead of connecting himself with this “spontaneous movement” and what is the result! He wets his walking papers from the secretary of tho state farmers'alliance with theinformation that his sorvices asorganizer would be dis. pensed with beeause he had gone into a polit ical orgauization, because le remains identi- | fied with the republican party. What o piece of arrogance, what insolence, Noman who has joined the alliance has taken an obiization of allegiauce to new party, or any other party when he went inte t, und_he does notneed to go to Autocrat Burows o geta pernit tostepinto the re- publican party or any other party, but it only shows with “what intoleranceand narrow- minded spivit the organizadon that calls itself the people’s parly 1s being handled, What do they propse! A glance at theil platform or declaration of principles will sufice. They declwe that man on the footstool of the earth is ‘entitled to some land, and they avein favor of giving every man, and I Suppose every woman us well, some land from which he or she can draw susenance, But I want to know how many members of the new party, or how uy candidates on its ticket, are’ ready to giveone smgleacre of theirfarms to any one clse, I want toknow what sortof priniples they are enunciating to farmers, Nearly all farmers I kuow would liketo get more land, but I don't know a smor who is willing to give ary land away. Yet, thousauds of farmers hive subseribed to this new princi- ple taken fromhe gospel of peace of Saint Bellamy, who proposes to let the government own all lands and feed all the people of tho United States out of onecommon trough and haye them all sup- plied through pipes, very much as the pe- troleum is pumped direct from the oil wells to Philadelphisand the seaboard. [Laughter 1applanse. | “Ihis is the now wrinkleand the first stop is for Unclo Sam to take possession of all the land, The farmers in Nebraska say amen to that! T have nodoubt there areabout 25,000 honeless wage workers in the state ready to take some of your Land if you offer it in good faith; they will agree focultivate itor get some one fo doit for them, ave some propositions in the platform with which we all For mysel, [ think I have been—if 1do say it myself-a more persistent 1d uncomprising agitator of anti-monopoly principles in this state than any alliance man from President Powers down to Mr. Bur- rows. 1 have advocated rogulation in season and out of scason, butin 1552, when the alli- ance put astate ticket in the ficld justas they hayvein 150, T entered my most solému protest oine for relief outside of the present partios or creating a new party, because [ helieved then as I donow that the surest way to achieve results, and bring alout reforms 1do away with the abuses that the peonle of Nebraskn have suffered from, is through theexisting parties; thatif the republican party had failed to doits duty, there was an easy wayto emedyit. If the democratic purty bis put up wen who were better qualified and more trustworthy, vote for them and vote down the bud men. One of the principles T have advocated n alllocal elections in this state has been—an houest demoerat is preferavle to a dishonest republican, 1have preached that doctrine and shall proach it now, but I also want, that doctrine to be applied the other way. I walit an honest republican to be preferred to a dishonest democrat when such for congress. [Applnse] I anstillon th Ihave ot varied at all. Those people who have accused mo and aceused T Beer, in some mnstances, of having veered and changed and gor Wall street, ar common slanderers, - Wall street has no mor control over monow than it bad when Tie Brr was in itsinfancy. In thotwenty years that T have conducted & paper 1 havd never advocated flat money, nor principles of repi diation. When I wis pooras a ciurch mouse lebt head over he the crash of 157, and whenl had a mortgge plstered over my head, I sull advocated tlfb houost payment of an honest debt, and 1opposed grrcen backism then as I do now s it is novel doctrine in-this state, iv is simpiy galvanizio anold corpse, and it has been signalized by the nowination of _Allen Root for congre and he stands for Old G reenback from away- back. [Laughtor.] Allen Root is soundon anti-moiopoly, but o is loonoy as o bed bug on the currcncy and money question. [ Laughts 3 On railroad legislation I am Just as strenu- ous as anybody, but 1 would “like to know what thoalliance leaders propose to do. T have no poliey, they have not pledged thelr he logislature to any policy They suy, **Sinply stand on our platform aid salvation is sun 1 S 1 stand on that platforuy and 1 havo helpod eloct. them vo the legislature, and gono down to work with them, and what was the result! One manweuld introduce @ railvoad regulation bill of twenty-five pages, and another man would Introduce a ' bill fifteon pages, and each ono would want Lo brag that ho hal introduced the great auti-mouopoly raiiroad regulation, und when the thne came for them to agree 'on any or measure they were all divided, It is oiily by lnhvmluumu farmers on these great issues ar of that the railroads have boon ablo to run the stato. Had the farmers gone to work both thenand this year and attended the respectivo primaries of their parties everywhere, they would have car the wpublican conven- tions overwhelningly and would have die tatod any ticket they saw fit, and they can not make any more favorable platform than the platform of the republican party It not only plodges tho party to reduce railioad rates (0 the leveled rates of adjoin. ing states, but pled ges it o see that the farm- ers have the right to erect elovators and haul corn to and from the elevators on the same conditions that the elevator owners have now; it provides that railroads shall be held amenable in every way for damages to the peonle, and it is in every way as radical as any platform that has cver been framed Bt what assurance have we that our candi- dates, if clected, will carry it out? Show these men that there isa puolic sentiment behind the platform and they will be obliged to carry it out, witlingly or unwillingly 1 mySelf haven't any faith in their railvoad commissioner syste 1 believe the people should regulate the rates on railroads by law, but there s tho diffieulty, The present railway commission law was pussed by the voes of farmers as well as raiiroad cappers, and these farmers cliimed to know what they were about. The now party loadors talk very wildly about usury sharksand sll that sort of thing, but we “have not heard o singlo measure proposed by whic are going to doaway with these shylocks. Tknow and realizo it is very diffienlt f farmers o ot togrether and _ajree upon any one thing, but certainly with thenew Moseses o lead them out of the wilderness, with these men who advocate o f revolution, we ought toknow what relief wo may expoct. They kuow how to run the wholie govern- went; why are they not capable of running the Nebraska legislature sufficiont to got to gother and say, *Here is what wo want the Legislature todo?'* And if they had o certain bill—railroad bill or any other—that was specitic,and the men were pledged to vote for the measure, if they had that, all the rail- roid governors in the state could't stop it from becominga law, But have such meas- ures boen proposed! Not at all, They are running just like a hord of sheep. 1 thiuk, considering the enormous amount of labor | have done on behalf of the produe- ersand working peoplo in this state, and the fight L have made for yemrs aginst railway monopolies and other “monopolies, it might not have been injudicious for the 'leaders of the alttance movement to confer with me and at least ascertain how far Tk Bee was disposed to go with them in_the movement that they had inaugurated, No rreateaptain has ever ventured into awar without first securingall the allies that he can possibly eulist in his cause, and without first procur- ing the necessary munitions of W In politics no prudent leader would venture ithout first enhisting the leading papers, or tleast endeavoring to have the molders of public opinion in active sympathy with any movement they may desire to undertak But Mr. Burrows wants to build up a new paper of his own; he wants not only tobe grand dictator of the new party, but e wants to have the only paper that the will be allowed toread. I expect to law passed by the next legisliture that no farmer be allowed to real any other paper but Mr. Burrows' paper, aid that every farmer be sent to jail for six months every time he looks ut & copy of some other paper. [Laughter, When the farmers lave friends thoy ought to tryto vetain their friendship and not cast off the old friends for new ones. They want tho workingmen to join them, but theie convention repelled them. This ' was shown in the people’s convention. The work- ing men were playing with loaded dice, ~ Van Wyele was counted out of the convention so asto have the president of the alliance made acandidate for governor. They wanted the working man to join them in the cruside for cheaper money and_cheapemngz. the dollar with which he buys his food and clothing and_iri proof of what they thought of the workingman, they nominated a state ticket there with nota “single workingman on it. The candidate man is a lawyer and he is a sort of a walking delegcate.” How do they ex- pect to get twenty or twenty-ive thousand laboring men to join with thein to elect: men who have no use for the laboring men. they realize that a repeal of the tarill law the United States would set adrift hund of thousands of working men and place them abroad as tramps just as they were right after the Fellow citizens, Thave covered a great de of territory, but i this movement. there has been somuch fallacy and so much misrepre- sentation that it is impossible o answer one- tenth of it. For instance, weare told that inthe state of Illinois there have been more convictions than in the whole of Ivelud, when_in fact Illinois _is the most prosp state in America, Weare told that Nebr arms are rapialy pissing through the she ifs hands by foreclosure owing tothe uni- destitution of our farmers o just received official statements from ive out of the eighty-cight counties ng the number of farni foreclosurcs in Nebraska during the year ending with June last. _This report shows that the total num- ber of improved farms offered for sale under mortgage foreclosure in the various counti including those in the United States court, in the 55 counties is 007, partly improved farms 117, unimproved farms 215, muking a totalof 1,832 farms offered for salo under the ham- mer. Out of 45,000,000 acres of land, which would reprosent at least 150,000 farws of 120 acres _cach, out of that' vast number 1,832 forcelosures. Granting thav the balance of the counties would be pro rata—and, for instance, Douglas county is not represented here, aud I know our county has very fow foreclosures because the land in Douglas county is too valuable —I say the total farms foreclosed would not exceod 1600, or prob- ably 11 per cont on the outside, Of that number I notice that Holt eounty hasthe largest number, up in_the sand " nills, and there are 143 farms offered. I kiow' the reason why. Tean't go into details and ex- pliin ithere, but itis known that many worthiess pieces of land ar and mortraged for all they worth, the owners simply wallke away and for pay the interest. A greatmany of these 5 roprosent the same sort of thing. Men lave gone towork, for instance, and made & small payment, and failel’ to come to tme on future payments and have given up their farms, but his letter does not show that the furmers of Nebraska ave going to leave the countuy, or become tenants ; there is uo proof of it whitever, Soitis with a great many of their statements that we ean not_ possibly rebut. Like my friend, Calamity Weller of Towa, these pirties attribute thir failures and ms laps ~whether they are due to the want of personal thrift, drouth, lailstorms, or any other case; to the mismanagement of our national finances. They propose to revolutionize everythin are golng to give everybody wealth, perity, happiness and-childeen, I su [Lavghter] and cverything else to muk people contented. T don't know what th are notable o give to our people if the, only € their men to o 0. In conclusion let me agmonish the farmers and laboriag men to emulate the policy that Dennis Kearney pursued in Cali fornia., The Kearneyites —wantod legisla- tion ngainst the immigration of the Chinese; aud Koarney and the hoodlums started the war-cry I *hivese must go,”? The IKearneyites liad votes and both parties wanted the “votes, but they said “you must wot that anti-Chinese plank in your platform or we will vote for the other pa The re sult was that both baries adopted the cry, WPhe Chinese must go,” and in less than six nths the national conventions adopted it, senacted it into law. nuot the farmers say “You give us mis- Pros: to both partics: this or take your Absolutely Pure. A cream of tartar baking powder Highe ‘of leavening strength U.8. Government I vort Aug. 17 1804 chances of dofeat, not by & new party, but by aur golng on the othor side.” The farmere hold the balance of power and cortainly conld have dictated any policy wanted or any re- form wanted, or any redress sought, if it was the 4th of privilege of Fellow eitizons, Thope that on November you will oxercise the zens with judgment and conscientiously and not rash headlong, simply sayin, “We want a change and it don't matter if the man isa yellow dog,* but elect good men and hon - orable men and the state of Nebraska will see 1o It that your taxes are_lowerand your property protec a8 wollas men wno are Interested i good povernment would want to have it, [ Applauso. ] SCROFULA Is that impurity of theblood which produces unsightly lumps or swellings in tho neck; which causes running sores on the arms, legs, or feet; wlich develops uleers fn tho cyes, ears, or nose, often causing bilndness or deafness; which isthe origin of pimples, ean- cerous growths, of ** humors;" which, fasten- ing upon the lungs, eauses consumption and death, Ttisthe most anclent of all discases, and very fow persons are entirely free frou it. 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