Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, October 5, 1890, Page 14

THETENURE OF HUMAY LIFE, Three Bcore Years and Ten Not the Standard of Existence, (ENTENARIANS SHOULD BE COMMON, “Men do Not Die, They Kill Them- selves'—Ignorance of Hygienlc Laws aPotent Source of Premature Death, How loug ought a man to livel and is it possible byany means at command t0 pro- long human 1ife beyond what is now known 10 be the ordinary lengthi These are ques: tions in which the race is, and probably al- s has been, deeply interested, wri L.J. Templin in the Statesman, The period of human life has varied in different ges of thewor!d, Tnantediluvien times 600 years was an_ordinary 1ife time, while some of the patriarchs reached nearly one thou- mnd years, After the flood some of the old thics continued on life's pil grimage well onto two centuries, In modern times men are considered old at eighty years, A few reach one hundred, and an occasional one halts feebly on o few years beyond t! period, Some writers on human longevity liold that there are reasons for believing that 10 human being in modern times has lived or is likely tolive beyond one hundred and five years, They buse this assumption on both physidlogical and historical grounds, It is claimed that there is a certain relation exist- ing between thetime it takes an animal to reach full maturity and theterm of life after it has reacliea that period. Buffon expressed the opinion that the larger animals live six or seyen times as long as it requires to reach full maturity. M. Flourens, after careful in- vestigation draws the conclusion that the period of growth is one-fifth of the wholeterm of life. M. Flourens: “I find the sign which indicates the term of growth in the union of the bones with their epiphyses (soft extremities). As longas the bones ave not united with their epiphyses the animal grows; when once they are united the animal grows nomore.” In man this takes Placeat about twenty years of age. Thiswould give him a life term of 100 years. In the camel it takes place at eight years, giving duration of about forty years. In the ox at four, duration twenty yéars, While this may possibly indicate the ordinary torm of life, we are not authorized to confine the possible duration of life to any such_limit, Horses have been known to exceed sixty years of life, aud other animals in almost equal pro- portion. So thatif this were accepted as the measure for ordinary human life, it does not necessarily disprove the probability of its exceeding Ehis Limit by decades of M. Flourens himself says that_extraordi- fe may go on to nearly double the nary. He asserts thata century of ordi- nary life, and almost a second century, halfa at least, of extr 'y 18 the science holds out to min, Physio- oy does not necessarily contine the extreme of human life t0105 years as_some writers would have us belicve. Modern history bears testimony to the fact that the life of ma persons i modern times has been prolnged far beyond the limit fixed by these writers. A Dutch dictinary gives an account of three Hun- garius, oneof whom died at the age of 184 years, anld an old man and bis wife, who were still living at the ages of 172 and 164 yean. Thelr youngest son was sill iving ut 16 years of age. 1’ictures of these aged peo- le were published by Sir John Sinclair in " The Codoof Health and Lon govity Henry Jenkins of England lived ‘160 years, Thomas Parr lived from 1483 to 1685, or 152 years, The comtess of Desmond lived 140, Bller, as quoted by James Eastman, says “of thoso whohad died between 100 and 110 there had been 1,000; between 110 and 120 there had been 60} between 120 and 130 there had been % between 130 and 140 there had been 153 between 140 and 150 there had been 6, and as high s 169 thero had been one in- stance.”” Easton himself gives the following list: Of those “who lived from 100 to 110 years, both male and_female Inelusive, the nstances having been 1,310; from 110 to 12 thero have been 217; from 120t 130 there have been 843 from 130 t0 140 there have been 265 from 140 to150 there have been 7; from 150 to 160 there have been §; from 160 to 170 there have been 3, and from 170 to 18 there haye been 8 instances—1,712.)7 The names, places of residence, and the ates of birth'aud death of many of these per- sons are givea, And though the authenticity of many of these cases may lack the historl- cal verity to satisfy the critical mind, still, in view of iho care with which the reglsters of births and deuths are keptin England, many historical and medical writers do not feel justified In refusing to accept their approxi- male correctness. The reportof the Regis- trar general of England, for the year 1871, contains a listof sixty-nine persons who bad diedat ages ranging from 100 to 109 years. Numerous instances are on record of persons in the Utited States whose term of life has extended considerably beyond acentury. In 1885 therelived in Howard county, Indiana, 8 woman who was then 114 years old. Whothershe i3 still living or not “the writer 15 unabloto say. In the presence of so many cases of extriordinary extended lives wo may, in the Language of the late Sir Honry Holland, assert that: *‘We have sufficient Bu of the frequent prolonieation of human ifo to periods of 110, to 180 or 140 vears: cases which, thus au- thenticated, we must tako into view when deallig with the _question of human life that me his well said: *‘Men douot die, they kill themselves,” Even of those who die at advanced ages ranging from eighty 10100 years, a very large per cent dio from” discases, and so had not fulfilled the possible teem’ of natural life. There are muy causes in_operation which tend to shorten human Jife, even cutting off & large mujority of the race beforo the prime of life is attained. Can these causes be removed or somodifiod that they will cease to hurry men o ;cmnmrogmwn e hysical organism is governed by fixed laws, perfect conformity with which will enable the organic system to run ou till the machino stands still by the complete exhaustion of its naturel forces without the exhaustive or de- structive influence of discase, Ignorance of the laws of hygieno is one of tho most potent sources of ill health and pre- mature death, Children are mo sooner born than they begin tosuffer from the ignorance of their !nr('nuor nurse, and so0 on all through life he ignorance of themselves or others is con- stantly throwing down the defences of health and life and inviting in the destroyers of both. The universal teaching of physiology ®ud hygiene to all the children of the coming generations will, in time, lead to such anob- servanco of these laws s to remove the evils resulting from violations of the laws of Ufo and health A very larce pro- rtion of diseases that have a atal termination are the result of human lngevity, Whatever has hap- ed is possible. If a single individual has ived t0 120 or 140 years, then it is possible for others todo s0. But the question with which this paper is most concerned is, can or- dinary human life be brought up to a century ormorel We know that @ person is consid- ered old at elghty, and very old at 100 years, Is it possible, by duy means at command, to ruise the standard " of human life till 8 man will not be considered old vefore he is 100 years of age. 18 it possible to briug about a condition of things in which people will not bo ex pected to die under 100 years, except by accidenti The author of this paper Relioves such a consummation not only possible, but probable. Inaeed, he believes this result will natur ally follow from agencies now at work. No one believes that men generally live as long as they might and should. There issuch isregard of the laws of our being-such prod- Isllll.yut physical powers and such awaste of unsanitary conditions of buildings and their surroundings. Until within the last two or three centuries but little attention was given to the laws of sanitation in the ar- rangement and construction of buildings and the conditions of theenvironments of the And though through these and other means contributing to the same end, the nm of human life in England and Al has been about doubled within the |ast two ceuturies there is still room d imperative demand for more aud greater b jements along these lues, There are THE OMAHA DAILY BEE, comparatively few houses, especially among the homes of peoplc in mirderas and poor cir- cumstances, that are properly arranged to secure both warmth and perfect ventilation at the same time, Much sickness results from the use of poisoned alrin living and sleoping rooms, But it s in the school room that this evil reaches its climax. A pupil will exhaust the air of about twenty cubic inches of oxygen per minute and_will exhale nearly as mich carbonic acid. This would be equal to about fifty cuble feet to a school of forty pupils duringa twohour's session. Besides this the school room generally contains car- bonic oxide, ammonia, sulphur, sulphuretted hydrogen, besides orizanic matters, aquecous vapors, inorginic matters, epithelial cells, and animal extalations. Some of these sub- stances are deadly pofsons, These enter the circulation throuieh the lungs and thus poison the whole system. Probably not one school room inone hundved is ventilated as it should beto secure the health of the inmates, s it any wonder that so many of our bright lads and lmses lay the foundation for @ prematuro | death - while - proparing or usefulness in lifel These evils are clearly preventable and the time will come when both the home and school house will be built on scientific principles, and when parents, teaciers and_school officers will apply both conscience and common sense to the use of the proper means to peryent this slaughter of the innocents, When that time arrives the ize of human life will make along o rds. There remains a wide field for improvement in methods for the sewering of cities and the drainage of insalu brious localities that now breed discase and death, Few. if any cities in the world, can boast_of a_perfectly satisfactory system of disposing of their sewage. Too frequently the city is relieved of it at the ex- mse of contiguous rural districts, No one c‘un\\‘q the dificulties involved in this work better than those who have it in charge, And every intellgent person knows that these are sources of almost unlimited evil to life and health, ~ When these evils shall be brought under the complete control and di- rection of perfect sanitary science, as they doubtless will be, who can doubt that human life will receive an important extension. We are now in the earlier stages of a reform in dress that is dount! destined to exert an important influence on the health of large numbers of people, In certain strata of so- ciety fashion is theonly standard of appeal. When Mrs. Grundy takes snuff all the fash- jonables must sneezo even though _they may have rheumatism in the neck, Whatover is fashionable in dress must be adoptedand worn regardless of its absurdity, inconveni- ence or crueit very one knows that in abedicnce to this ty tight corsets, thin dresses and light shoes are often worn to the ruin of health and frequently of life, How often in obedience to the demands of these fashions has the chest been compressed upon the lungs till nature rebelled and discase and - premature death have been the reward. How common for persons clad 0o thinly for the weather, to conform to fashion, to take cold and consumption fastens iis relent- less grasp on the vietitn, or _pneumonia_cuts him down in tho very bloom and vigor of life. Itis then inordorfor the minister to console the weeping_friends with the God- dishonoring doctrie that “Ihis 1 o my ous Providence,”” Evenlittleinfants arenot exempt from being offercd on the shrine of this modern Moloch. _ Just atthe time when they need the utmost freedom of action they are confined, and bound, and wrapped in swaddlilg clothes, ' shirs and skirts, loug dresses and caps and feills 'till about all they cando isto squeal. Is it any wonder that they use this Liberty with a vengeance! Why should we think it strange thatso man, take themselves off to a huppier clime! Could all who die prematurely from unhealthy clothing 1ive to be a hundred y old, centenarians would be more numerous proportionately than they liave ever been since the flood, Happily this reform is at hand and the time is not ar distant when common sense and cience will rule in the clothes we wear and many lives willbe greatly pro- longed, The lon, ty of human life is af- fected by the financial condition of the people. Statistics show that those in fair, easy cir- cumstances have a better chance for long life than eithier the very rich or the very r. It iseasy to understand how tho manner of life ipdulged in by the wealthy may tend to curtail life, Idleness and abundance are not conducive to long life. Onthe other hand the very poor, with whom the ncces- saries of 1ifoare uncertain, often scanty and poor in quality, are notin 'a favorable condi- tion to securd long life. Constant anxiety about what we shall eat and what we shall drink, and wherewithal we slall be clothed, seems to wear out the nervous system and re- duce vital energy to too low a standard to cnrrfi one forward to a very great age. Doubtless the environment of the poor is renerally unfavorableto longevity, Crowded nto small, ill lighted, worse ventilated, un- com fortable apartments, often surrounded by nvisome, minsruatic conditions, it i not strange that lifo wears out before it has reached its meridian; and that pestilence sweeps down like an avonging Nemesis and bears the little ones away pefore the roses of manhood and womanhood have bloomed on their cheeks, The tenment house cities of this country stemin vogue In the coms to be 45 success- ful in breeding diswase and shortening life as if it had been devised with that spocial end in view, But this conaition of things can not perpetu- ally endure, he conditions that pour un- numbered millions of wealth into the hands of a few, and doom millions to a perpetual struggle fora bare subsisistence, must come toan end, In the very natureof the caee such a state of affairs can not bo enduring, Druc, it may be worso bofers it 1s botter, but that will only nasten the better time, It is possible tostretch a line sotaut that it will sna ‘Wien wrongs are righted it will be botter for the toiling millims—and for the rich man too. And righted they will be. Not, we confidently believe, by revolution and anarchy, but by rightéous and just laws, faithfully executed and implicitly obeyed. Whon this stage of the world’s progress is reached, the condition of theworll's workors will be S0 modified as to eliminate those ele- ments of poverty, squalor and wretched: ness that mow cheat them out of @ goodly ~ share of their naturdl inherit- anco of life. We believe that conditions may, should and will be so modified as to givea poor man all the advantages of the more favored classes for a prosperous aud prolanged life. Another fuctor that is destined toexert a potent influence on the longevity of future generationsis improve- meutin the science of medicine, _Tho cele- brated physician and phy siologist, Magendie, oneyopened a lecture before thestudents in the national medical academy of France in the following words: ‘“Gentlemen—Medi- cineis a great humbug. Tknow it is called a nee; seience, indeed. It 1S nothing like science, Dectors are empirics, where they are not charlatans, We are as ignorant us mencan be. Who knows anything in the world against medicine! * * We are collecting facts in the right spirit, and I dare say in a centry, orso, the aceumulation of facts may enable’ our successors to form a medical science; but I repeat it to you there isnosuch thing now as medical science.” No intelll- gent man would write or speak insuch a surain at the present time, W hat Dr, Magen- die thought might possibly be accomplished {n'8 century has been brojght about In loss than half that time, Aud though medical men ave noted for conservatism, the progress in this profession has been guiteas rapid as has been consistent with safety. Tntelligent physicians estimite the prog- resss made in both the theory and practice of medicine during the past “fifty years was more than double that of the previous fifty yews. And there are valid reas- ons for anticipating as groat & ratio of increased progress in the next fifty years, Th rogress results largely from two causes; The won- drous_discoveries in the science of chemistry and their application to medicine; and the discoveries in biological science that are throwingso much light on the nature and or- igin of diseases. Almost if not all, epidemic, coutaglious and infectious diseases are now known 1o be tne result of the presence of mi- ©roorganisms acting as a poison and produc- ing disturbance in the system. This is true also of many sporadic discases it is now a question wheiher all dis- eases of humanity will eventually be traced to the same origin. Haviug learned the cause and traced it W its origin and studied its na- turo and natural history, the physician is in & position of advantage With regard to the appllcation of remedies thut it eems reason- able to suppose will, in the near future, give the intelligent practitioner almost absolute control of disease. W hien this desirable con- aution is attained itscems & necessary con- clusion that the average of buman life will, from this cause alone, be extended some decades beyond its present limits, ———— Dr. Birney cures catarrh, Bee bldg, SUNDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1899 -TWENTY PATHS ACROSS THE PLAINS. How the Overland Journey was Made Be- fore the Days of Railwags. THE SEVEN HISTORIC TRAILS. Coronado's Search for the ‘“‘Seven Cities of Cibola"—The Lewis and Clark Explorations—Work of the “‘Pathfinder.” There are seven historic “trails’ on tho great plains, all of which traverse for a por- tion of thelr distance what is now the state of Kansas, writes Henry Inman in the Kansas City Star. These are the “Old Santa Fe,” the Oregon and California, General John C. Fremont's, that of the Mormon hegira to Utah, the Denyer, General Emory's and General Sheridan's during the Indian war of 1868-0, Of course there are many minor ones purely local for their purpose at the period of their ipauguration. There have been many famoua expeditions, such as Colonel Doni- phan's, Colonel Stephenson's, General Kear- ney’s, the exodus to Pike's Peak and Califor- uia, but all of them follow one or the other of the trails named here, adding to the story so full of interest and thrilling adventure which has made those “tracks” across the continent the scene of our American classics, Every one of the trails above enumerated, although abandoned years ago, their usefulness having ended at the adyent of the railroads, may stil be seen in many localities distinetly, yot each recurring season is making them dimmer, and loon they will have faded into nothingucss. The firstof alltrails started from the west, and was made by Francisco Vasquez do Cor- onado, oneof Cortez's gencral, In search of the mythical *Seven Cities of Cibola” in the “Kingaom of Quivira.” Every vestige of his trail was obliterated centuries ago, for the mighty interval of nearly four hun- pred years has clapsed since the celebrated Spanish explorer and his little band of faith- ful followers made their march across the great plains, which, when considered in all the circumstances surrounding the under- taking and tho era in which it occurred, stands as one of the grandest exploits re corded on the pages of history. It was only forty-cight years after the landing of Coluni- bus on the {slaud of San Salvador, and re. morscless time long since must have relegated trees, water courscs and the entire landscape the ardy adventurers loooked upon, to the domain of vast modification, at least'so that their exact lincof march can never be de- termined from any legible marks they left. Coronado probably looked on the Missour: river about where Atchison stands, from which point he turned back from Lis bootless mission,a disappointed and heartbroken man, In the early part of this contury, Captains Lewis and Clark commenced thelr remark- able journey of exploration and adventure across the continent. A part of their trail was what is now Grand_ayenue in this city, at some point on which they camped. They erossed the Kaw, went norih to where Atchi- son is located, and thence northwesterly to “‘Where rolls the Oregon.” Traces of their route may yet bo seen in the mountains, and in many other pluces, Much change has taken place iu the landscape in this region since they firstgazed upon it. It was in July, 1804, that Lewis and Clark reached “thé upper’ point of the river sus,’ and between that date and sixteen years afterwards, the position of the mouth of the river had materially altered, which o glance at the old maps will confirm. There were many other exped that of Lewis and sows, Pike's, Long's, namcs I have Torgotien—the’ story of which, in all_its most interesting dotails, may bs found by the careful student of history; - but they practically followed the trails of ‘their predocessors, o deviated only relatively short distances from them, “The Old Santa Fo Trail,”” most famous of all, perhaps, hus & history that in its entivet can never be written, - Its ancient “land- marks,” Pawnee Rock, Choteaw’s Island, Cow Creek, Point of Rocks, and a dozen other prominent places in days long siuce vauished, if they might speak, what a story they could tell of the blood-curdling events that have happened on the now. peaceful praitie surrounding them. 1t was from Bent's forton this ““Old Santa Flo Trail” that General Stephen Watts Kear- ney (uncle of that “fighting Phil Kearney of "the civil war) setout on his expedition and took possession of New Mexico as soon as war had been declared against Mexico by the United States. He was made & briga- dierin the old army in June, 1846, and was in command of the “Army of the West? when he laft the old fort. He followed the Santa Fotrail over the Raton mountains and on to thequaint Mexican village of Las Vegus, almost the same route that the railroad now takes. Coloncl A. W. Doniphan, too, of the First Missouri mounted yoluntéers, who was or- dered by General Kearnoy 0 New Mexico, followed the old Santa_F'e trail its whole length. The bravery of this gallant soldier is part of the country's history. Ilad tle honor of knowing him very well, and in 181 stood with him on the very site of some of his famous skirmishes, when [ mathim on the oceasion of my third visit to New Mexico, There is another trail, established in 1848, that is as plainly visible from the town of Fowler, in Meade county, to Meado Center and 'beyond, s @ country road. It is that of Major William Hemsle; Emory, then of the United States topographi- cal engrineers, & corps that in the carly part of the civil war was consolidated with the en- gincers proper. Emory was a Marylander, and resigned when Sumiter was fired upon, believing that his state was going out of the union; then, discovering that it was not, he managed to have his resignation suppressed or recalled, and rose to therank of major general of volunteers, I kuew him very well; he was an_admurable scholar, a good soldier and a martinet. He was an astron- omer and in 'ge of the survey of the boundary between the United States and Mexico, and the trail I refer to is his, of his expedition to discover the sources of the Red river (of thenorth, of course). Our people then Knew no more of the country they had acquired by the stipulations of = the “Guadalupe-Hidalgo treaty” than__ we do of the Uxmal bloroglyphics of and Palenque, in Central America, today, so Emory was seut to go and learn something about it. He went as far as the Pecos, and was the firstto sketch and describe the old Aztec temple on that historicstream, It was the reputed birthplace of the Aztec “eulture hero, Montezuma,” and 1s also the Cicuye of Coronado’s wonderful march, Many tourists confouna theold Catholic church, alongside of the temple, with it. The templo has been razed 1o the ground these many years—long before New Mexico knew anything of modern travel—whilo the church itself has been a ruin formore than a century. Erected nearly four hundred years ago, wiien the Astec toni- ple was intact, it must have been a strange sight, that blending of the two religions—the blick smoko from the estaufas of the temple, which had been burning probatly for 1,00 years, and the per- umed ~ smoke 'of the swinging censers of the Catholic church ascending heaven- ward in parallel columns. I have spent whole days in those ruins, o interesting to the archeologist and situated in one of the most romantic and historie spots in all New Mexico, In Lincoln county, Kansas, just overthe northern line of illsworth, my home, are still dimly to be sren two trails, ono_that of Generai John C. Fremont—his’ expedition of 1843—the other that of the Mormon hegira from Illinois some three or four years later. Their crossing of the Elkhorn and the tracks of their wagons on the primitive buffalo sod on the hills above the stream may easily be seen. It was on that expedition of 1544 that Fremout named that river which flows from the western portion of Kansas through several = coun- ties—the Smoky Hill—to where it de- vouches into the Republican at Junction City, the two there forming the Kaw or Kansas. The Denver trail follows the valloy of the Smoky Hill throughout its entire length; traces are still visible rear and beyond Ells: worth, The Oregon and California trail crossed the Blue, and on tothe crest of the Gierra Nevadas, where, at_Lake Truckee, in 1848, stood a cubin whose history is & chapter of human misery and suffering” that has few parallels in fact’ or fiction. Its story would shock the readers of the Star, and I dare not attempt a recital of its awful details, but those of us who have reached the meridian cof life remember the fate of the Reed and Douner company, #ho' were snowbound and driven to cannibhlisty on that old Oregon trall in 1846, Generdl Kearney, on his return from the conquest e tatomia T 1847, halted at the spot and destroyed by firo gyery Vostige of that heart sickening ody X "o Sheridan-Custer trall of the winter expedition of 18680 against the Indians, starls from Fort Dodge on the Arkansas, follows the north bank twelve miles east, crosses the river at that point, and at the north of the Mulbserry' on the south side of the Arkansas runs tg the junction of the Wolf and Beaver, fn the Indian terntory, where Camp Supply was established, Tho trail is in four tracks, and is plainly dis- cernible for its whole length where the land has not been plowed, One of its most historic spots is where the town of Ash- land, in what is now Clark county, rests in theshadow of Mount Jesus. It 'was thero in April, 1868, that Sheridan flrst received notice of his’ appointment to the lieutenant generalship, made vacant by the promo- tion of Sherman to that of gencral, caused by Grant's retirement on_uccount of his elovation to the presidency. Sheridan was riding north in my ambulance, and when point on the broad trail was reached where Mount Jesus s, a horseman was discovered coming toward the ambulance enveloped in o cloud of dust. His animal was flecked with foum, and as the scout drew near, recogniz ing Sheridan, he poiled a paper from tho breast pocket of his flannel shirt, at the same time waving his hatand yelling at the top of his voiee: **Hurrah for the lieutenant gen- eral” He was carrying the telogram from Washington notifying Sheridan of his con- firmation, Mount Jesus was named in this wiso: One cold morning in November, 1868, during the expedition’s initial march south, I was riding with General Custer ahead of the column, following the hounds who had routed a pack of wolves from one of therocky ravines, Wesaw in front of us, in the fog, what appeared to bo the detached spur of a well defined range, as_ it loomed up in the mist, over what ourguide—OldJohnSmith" —told_usj our route lay. Suddenly Custer turned tome s we commenced to climb the steep hill and said, “What is this?” Tlooked around the region, whose desolation remin ded mo so much of the scenery of the “Holy Land,” that Isaid, “We'll ‘call this ‘Mount Jesus.? " Some of the itive people there now, in their ignorance fancying a blas- phemous connection with the titie—which there is not the slightest tinge of, Jesus being oneof the commonest of Spanish names— have made several abortive attempts to change it to Mount Lookout, but Mount Jesus itis, and Mount Jesus it will probably re- main, for it is o historical spot in our Ameri- can classics, THOUGHTS IN LIGHTER VEIX Straws Gleaned From the World's (Harvest of Wit and Humor. 8t. Paul Pioneer Press: *‘One vice leads to another a littie lower in degradation,” solemnly observed a patronizing stranger, as he leancd over the seat of a young man on the train from White Bear. “You are right, sir,’” briskly responded the youth. “Every one should realize that. Good advice. Goodadvice, Unfortunately, 1 got drunk once myself.” “Indeent Iam painedand surprised. You can hardly go mucl lower in degradation.” 4O, yes, Udid. Iactually got’ so maudlin, so gibheringly intoxicated, that I smoked a cigarette,” 1t Didn't Come, Dotrolt Free Press: In a case before a Tennessee justice one of the lawyers made fun of the other’s grammar. The court at once arose andsaid: “Mr. Perkins, if you thinks gramuar runs this court yow're bark- ing up the wrong tree. 1f I hear any more sich remarks 'Ll fine you $10.” ir one of them what Proverbs for the Trade, Pharmaceutical Era: There's many a wink twixt the fountain and lip, , e proof ot tho prescription s in the cur- ng. % puster in tme will often saves mine stitches. A creck in the field is worth two cricks in the back. When the fizz is away the soda water can't lay. P icasy rests the toe that wears a corn. The pill roller gathers few shekels, Gelatine pills in hot weather stick to- gether. “What Would I be Then Mamma?' Boston Globe: A little boy who was play- ing around a grocery store a short time ago listened intently ta conversation in which several men were engaged, concerning a lady whom they described as “a grass widow." On reaching home the child went to his mother and asked: “Mamma, what s a grass widow?" The mother explained by saying: “If your papa should go away and not live with me again, I should bea grass widow.’” “What would I be then, mammial” asked the youngster, *‘a grasshoppert”’ The Wink of an Eye, Pharmacentical Era. The shades of eve had long been past; The time to close had come, at last; And as ho balanced cash, ho drew A sigh as deep s one 'er knew. For there, upon the credit side, Theenterles few hls patience tried, “Stamps, 10 cts,,” “Salts, 5, thus and so— Such dags you'vo soen yourself, you kiow. "The outgo lavge, the sales 5o smail Did not, make profits “loom" at all, But look! a smilo crecps o'er his face; He has forgot the separate place Where soda water crash is hid; He hies him there and lifts the lid. “What, all that pile,” you, doubing, say, “Tor soda water for one day ! Friends, need I more than this relate “T'was it & prohib Did Not Know Her Whereabouts, Albany Argus: An amusing incident oc- curredat the Albany term of the United States court, Judge Coxe presiding, a few weeks ago. A queer-looking, solemn little man had been called by the defense to estab- lish an alibl, He had “testified that the de- fendant had been at his house during the time the offense was committed, and that others were present also, among them a Mrs. Robinson, when the following examination ensued: ““Wus Mrs. yoursi” “Yes,"\ “Is she here?” “No» *Do you know where she isi" “WNoY s she dead 1 “Yes,) Robiuson @ neighbor of m in Gllead. Miss Alice—I learn, intend to make the But Thero is Ba American Statione Mr. Bowles, that yo grand tour! Bowles —Yes, Miss Ali Miss Alico—And you promise to write me from every country ¥ou Visit( Bowles ~Promise! Ah, you may not know how I will value the privilege! When I am ar from frieuds will it not be a veritablo heavon to think of you sud address youl! But you will really ¢are to receive so many fetters ¢ Miss Alico—The mo the better. T am col- lecting the postage stamps of all countries, - A friend induced’mo to try Salvation Ol for my rhoumatio foot, I used 1t and thorheu- matism s entirely goue. Jous H. ANDERSON, Baltimore, Md. Positive and unsolicited testimony from every section confirms every claim mado for the wonderful eficaoy of Dr. Bull's Cough o, Syrup. Price 2 cents. B Mrs. Mercer, manicure, 404 Beo bldg, on October The Ohlo & Mississippl railway will soll tickets from St Louls at one fure for round trlp to Cineinnati, Columbus, Dayton, Cleveland, Galion, Akron and Youngstown, Ohlo, Plttsburg, Penn., lhmnru and Salamanea, N. Y., Parkers- burg and Harper’s Ferry, W, Va, For further information address A, J. Lytle, f noral wostorn pussenger agent, 105 N, Srondway, St. Louls, Mo, ——— Dr. Birney cures catarrh, Bee bldg. Lassell sominary, Auburndale, Mass,, has turied away this suwmor, for wint of root, AbOUL ws Iy as it has beon wblo to take. N0 HOME WITHOUT A WIFE. A Reprimandto a Bachelor Repeated for the General Public, HOW THE WOMEN REGARD MARRIAGE. They TakeaMuach More Sel of it Than Men—Glove Fitti Gowns—Columbi Fair Daughters. hle View = [Copyrighted. | New York, Oct. 1.—[Special to Bee. |—On the stage, in the news: the novelists and among the people who dis- cuss things, today the marriage question is agiin to the fore. Why men don't marry and why women don't marryis talked over and talked over until it would seem as if the sub- Ject were worn threadbare, butit is always taken up again at the nest meeting, Iheard & man say the other night, a man who had been educated in the most conserva- tive manner, and who had seen much of life: “What I want is a corapanion who will be af- fectionate. Ido not look for an ideal Tove, I donot expect to find an angel, but I would like to meet a companion and a comrade; one who, when I wanted to be silent, didn't care to talk; one who, when I wanted to discuss a book, @ picture, or a bit of news, would be in- terested in it; one who would be on one side of the fireside when [ was on the other and would make for meahome. Aud yetI amnot willing to bind myself toany woman, I will not, even with a wedding ring, be tied.” Sweet selfishness, this was | A LITILE MARRIAC EMONY, 1 told him this, and felt mysolf adefender of the cause of matrimon “You will never get, what you wish except ina wife. The wife makes the home, makes the home feeling, and s sufliciently loving and uuselfish to give in to the whims and v; garies of a man. The other womanmay i terest you, may be amusing, you may @ her beauty, you may be proud of her wit, but she néver can mako the place for your soul torest in—that must be encircled by a golden band. As for ties-—no fies are’ so strong as those that bind a man tohis sins and none so difficult to brealk. “As to marriage, women are getting to look at it in a much 'mo; isible way than domen, And a woman just as carefully thinks out what sort of a companion she is going to have as she does what sortof ahome she intends to make for him. It goes with- out saying that she loves him. For women are more essentially sensitive of flesh than men, and seldom marry where they dislike. January andJune do_ occasionally wed, but usually June has gone a-maying with young love, had her heart hurt, and s willing to ac- cept'a more or less chilling affection from January and to be satisfied. Every woman even those with wooden legs, for if she can’t marry a man who will be a com- panion to her, shecan marry a man she can take care of: and on my honor there are women in this world in_whom the maternal is 80 strongly developed, that the greatest happiness of their marricd life is TAKING OARE OF THE MAN who ought to be looking after them. But it is justa question of taste, and if you prefes to care for Charlio and to 'study out how his life shall be easy, andI preferto care for Jack, and believe it is his duty to study out how wine shall be made most comfortable, that is entirely your business and_mine. ““Just as many people get married now as ever did, and it is something that will nev: never go out of fashion. Fast men may against it, crack-brained novelists 1 against it, and morbid souls may moan over it, but eversince the first marriage in the garden of Eden we have all had more or less of an inclinition to go and do likewise. Some marry and repent, and some repent because they don’t marry; but as foranybody exc ing a wife making @ home for man—wb. utter nonesense!” Itis needless to say that after this tirade even the selfish brute in the shape of aman who had given his opinion in the beginning, wilted—wilted perceptibly, and my heart’ throbs with a proud beat as 1 think it possible that I_have mnadea convert, Between you and me, I am hoping that some nice, rosy-faced girl who has just gotten back from the seaside will assist in the con version, make him a more sensiblo man anda husband, MOULDED TO THE FORM DIVINE. We are flitting around in summer frocks with warm jackets over them, and admiring the latest évolution of the American girl, She is glove-like in her get-up. — Her gown is most mysterious 1o behold, and the wonder- ment among the club men is how she gets in it. I could tell but I won't. But I may mention that neither o shoe-horn nor glove- buttoner are used in the process. The skirt (cloth of course) fits her figure exuctly, a tiny gore just in front making 1t quite smooth there, while the curves about ber hips are fitted over as exactly as are the gloves on her hand. In the back are @ couple box-pleats that give the necessiry fulness, but they never interfere with the smoothiess of tho front, and are only there to permit made- moiselle totake the long swinging step that just now she is affecting. Her bodio 15 rathera long basque, untrim- med, and not showing a crease or a wrinkle, yetslio can bond ensily, d fndoed o all er movementssuggests'an undulation such s tho waves make, Onlyon American girl could dress this way, for she is the only wo- mau in the world who has the figure todo it. Seldom over medium size, she 15 usually ex- tremely well shaped abou't the fhips, achieves the line of beauty in her back, and if her bust is small she goes 1o a tailor who knows the value of curled hair and cotton, and sh> does not present the disgusting appearance of Frenchjwomen who even when they are quito youug grow enormously large about tho bust. ‘As her fect ave small they show from boneath the plain skirt, shod to perfection, and whon 1 seo her, this exponent of good form, I feel like rushing up, shaking hands with her, tel- ling her how much 1 admiro her, how 'abo- nably vain 1am at heartof the American and then rushing away waving the Stars and the Bars” and the *‘Stars and tho Stripes,” COLUMBIA’S FATR DAUGHTERS. The American girl is going to be the woman of the century about whom every body talks. She is what Rudyard Kipling calls “kenowledgeable;” that is to say, she s will- ing to know and she doesn’t mced to be told anything twice. Tne high-pitehed voice her cousins from over the sea used to_object to has bocome subdued: the wearing of jewelry on the street bas been given the go-by, and the curious inquisitiveness, really a form of childishness and _a desire to luow, has be- come absolutely nil, and she sits placldly and permits herself to be informed. She doesu't eatany more sweets than any other woman, andshe 15 a bundred times more into to aman than either a French or an woman. When she gets married she loves her husband and her babics, and you seldom seo in her household the violent quarrels that arc countenanced in English ones, Sheis worth a great deal more to the country than either the Declaration of Independence or the Chicago fair, and if her own country dou't appreciato her, some other will, and she will bo taken off i the night and disuppear is usly as do most other blessiugs. 8 onsiderate and caveful of ber, Americin cause sho is worth it, and you know you are great ones for looking out for the Value of things. T SOUBRETTE OFF TIE STAGE, The soubrette is missing from the streots, he has gone to join the company on the roud" and L miss her beautiful sudicity und bher happy litle face. Sho didn’t seem ™ to know much, but she utilized the knowledge she had in o partioularly fascinating way, Nine times out of ten she had on & blue or black cash- mere skirt that hud been mended and patehed and seen & great deal of servica; then she wore a loose blouse and drew her belt in about her waist sotight that her measure- ment was just exactly eightoen inches, Her suilor hatwas tilted over her face and Ler short hair showed fluffy all about it. Butit wis at her walst and her feet that one must look to see her charm. No matter how shabby her frock, her shoos were a3 bright and ber stockings as black as possible. Sho rather fancied standing some place near the cormer talking to the heavy villain of the play, and sometimes quite unconseiously one Baiid would go on her bip, and one foot would come out from under her skirt, as if she was ust going to do & litle dance. Sho was laughing always, She lagghed as she was drinking soda water, because It was 80 cool, and she Liughéd yhen she was cating claw-chowder, PAGES. because it was so hot. She didn't seem to havea care in the world, but, dear soul, we don'tknow what her cares were. She was Just a girl who danced and sang in a sort of variety play, and yetsomehow when I pass the corner, and she isn't there, and I remem- ber the heavy villain, I do hope he isu't play- ing his part Off the stage as well as on it, and I just make oneof those strong wishes' that in the sight of God are prayers, that mext summer’s sunshine may lock down on the lit- tle soubrette as me as ever and on the heavy villsin with the clearest sort of con- science. WIAT SHE WISHED FOR AND GOT. Do you ever wish? Do you remember that Swedenborg said, “Man, beware of that which thou wishest with intensity, for it will surely come unto you! Well, the other day I was taken to & wishing well, and thinking this over, I got very much frightened and concluded not o wish anything very much for myself, but to doa lot of wishing for other people. Sol wished that Imight have a new pair of shoestrings. I ot them. I wished that I might have stockings, T got them. I wished that I might have abirthday cake. 1 ot it, L wished that women were more loving, children more polite, and men less selfish. I don't know whether that's come true ox not yet. I wished that somebody would w good books, books that were interesting books that were bright, without a nasty for the plot. I got a few of these, principally Kipling's and Jerome' T wished that the girls might get all the pretty clothes they wanted and see their father's bo willing to pay the bill. The re- turns from this wish have not come in yet at women never had todo a bit pt that which comes in their acter as the head of the household, lently I didn’t wish this with enough in- tensity, for it wasn't answered. I wished that men weren't sosnappish when questioned about the reason why they didu't come after you in time to go to thi theater. This wish seemed to o to the very bottom of the well, aud will probably be found when truth is discovered, ‘[hen Tgrew seltish, and I wished that 1 might like everybody' and everybody might like me, and that + could have all the books and pictures and babies jn the world, Out of some new silk 1 wished th of work exc ha regard for the people withwhom I live, noth- nghas been heard of this wish. Curious, su'titt Ban, ToeE Dr. Bimey, noso and thront, Bee bldg. Growing palms in ornamental pots and jars arenew weddig gits. A New York wedding party broke up in a genefal fight because an _admiring guest insisted upon kissing the bride too often. In Russia, no matter how young and inex- perienced, & married woman ‘is perfectly ir dependent of hes lusband in her property rights. “There's ono thing I've never quite under- stood about Adam and Eve," said old Mrs. Bankerson. ““That is, who was the clergyman who married ‘em ¢ Tompkins —How long has it been the fash- fon for women to give their husbands wed- ding rings, deart Mrs. T..—Ever since Bve puta ring'in Adam's nose, love. A Brooklyn woman, Mrs. Augusta Ekblom, who is seeking a divoree from herhusband, has been married three times within a y Two of her husbands dicd soon after ma riage. An exchange says that a_man named Corn was married to a lady named Wheat, in the church at Creston, la., and the choir stunned the audicnce present’ upon the singing, “What Shall the Harves One Oregon woman is hard to pleas has just brought suit for diyorco her fifth husband, having previous self of three of theothers in the saine Two of the rejected mates were brothers, Henry W. Moore formerly managing editor of the St. Louis_ Post-Dispatch, who eloped with thewifo of John W. Norton of the d opera house writes to a friend that he en one _day of happiuess siuce the clopement. visconsin man won £10 in a novel man- Homet a lady, who'in a jest, offered to y her, He ha young ner. bet him $10 that he dared not mar took the bet, picked a quarrel w lady to whom he was already engiged, and married the fair betrer, The special premium offer to the couple who would be ma na balloon at the fair grounds at Franklinville, Pa, was claimed by Miss Elsie Van Vandall of Cleveland, Ohio, balloonist and parachute jumper, and ‘W. M. Basset, oneof the badloon purty. Any patriotic and uusophisticated couple that “will stand up in cotton bagging in the fair grounds of the Piedmont expo on, at Atlanta, during allisnce week, and there be wedded for better or worse, will receive #8100, The second couple that fancies this sortof a wedding gets 0. The city of St. Charles, Minn., is excited over a statement in a Local paper and signed by twenty-four prominent citizens, including two preachers, announcing their belicf in sinfurth’s theory, and saying they laid aside the idea of marrying and giving in marriage.” A Neosho, county, Kansis, farmer sent this mixed order to 'a Chanute mevchant: “Send me a sack of flour, five pounds of cofe and one pound of tee. My wife gave birth to @ big baby boy last nigut, also five pounds of coru starch, a serewd andaflytrap, It weighed ten pounds and a straw hat. w princesses in the royal and semi-roy al es of Europe are sosensible as the Prin- Maria Anna, of Portugal, who is about to marry an untitled doctor of medicine, In reply toan intimate friend, who asked her re- cently, now she could marrya man of such low rank,when so many princely suitors were ather disposal, she S prefer to marry aman without a name rather than a nawme without a man.’” Danicl Perry, an elderly carpenter, of Hen- derson, Ky, hasbrought suit for' divoree from his v Ho advertised about a year ago in & Chicago paper for a wife and s one. The female sharper—for such sk turned out o b od with the old gentleman thre During that time she relieved himo 00, with which amount she left the state and has not since been beard from. Thero is a prejudice in the rural districts of this state againstbachclors,says the Portland Oregonian. People in every outlying settle- ment are opposed to bachclors taking up claims in their vicinity, An exchange says: “Theroare some splendid claims on De wood creck not yet taken, as good as the coast. The citizens w d n families to sottlo on them. Three of these claims weretaken by bachelors lust fall. The ladies of Deadwopd passed a resolution plac- ing o three years limit_on celibacy in that district, and providing all bachelors not mar ried at the end of that time be run out of the Five bachelors settlement or moved out,one got mu od and two have gone into the sparking business. N Dr. Birney cures catarrh, Bee bldg. B. D. Cahota visited Libby prison museum yesterday and inspeeted the cu- rious relics of the war, says the Chicago Herald. Mr. Ci L native born Chinaman, He h in this count nearly forty years, having left the land x years old ion law of higbirth when but Long before the Chine: was ever dreamt of he h ved his fitness for the duties of American citi- zenship by taking up arms in defense of his adopted country and marehing to the front. Although bat fiteen years old when the war broke out he declared th Twent) under command of Colonel t he was over age and enlisted In the third Massuchu setts volunt Androwl I wood, The ouly representative of tho Mongolian race among the millions of men thus fucing each other in a struggle of lifo and death. Cahota was & unigue Under fire Cahota proved made of stern stuff, for his very was commented on during v rious engagements, notably at Cold H and in the building of General But- s signal station in_frontof Peters burg, Atthe close of the war Cahota was mustered out along with the surviv- ors of his regiment,then under command of Colonel Raymond of Marblehead, Since that time Mr, Cahota has devoted himself to business, there being little in common between him and the ordina Chinaman beyond certain race char teristics of teatu In speech and dv he isan ordin cltizen, - Dr, Birney, nose and throat, Bee bldg. THE PERILS OF PROHIBITION, Evils Which Follow in the Train of Sumptue ary Legislation. 4 A LAHENTABLE SHOWING IN LITTLE RHODY "It May Fairly Be Said that There Ar@ No Open Saloons In Newport, Yot Liquor fs Brounght Here and Sold." Report of the proceedings at the tenth ane nual meeting of the Charity organization sos clety of the city of Newport, R. 1.1 A difficulty encountered by our visitors with increasing frequency during the pasy two years, and one likely to become still greater, is the sale of liquor in dweiling houses. Our policy has been, when the fact is well-ascertained, to bring it at onee to the attention of the person visited and to ase visiting unless a promise is given to ime mediately stop the objectionablo and unlawe ful practice. Ofcourse we endeavor tosce that the promise is kept. There are cases now under our care where thereare uncomfortable and well-founded suspicions that such price tices prevail, but where. Nevortheloss, the evidence is not sufficiently clear to justify the termination of our oversight and care. That the gravity of the situation in this vegard may be apparent, some facts of generil nas ture may be stated, During the eficient administration of the office of mayor forthe past three yearsin this city, the salo of liquor has practically been driven from our public sticcets, [t may fairly be said that there are noopen saloons here, Yetthe ovidence that large quantitios of liquor are brought here and sold is unq uese 1Y tioned. By accounts oficlally kept, it ape pears that the importation of liquor has largely increased during the past elghtoen mouths; that by the Old Colony steamboat company alone, during the past su r season, from forty to two hundred barvels of kegs, chiofly of malt liquors, arrived hera daily, During the nine months of 155, from February to October inclusive, there wee in Newport 127 searches forand seizures of lis — a quors on warrants in buildings where was alleged to be sold. dighty-one of these wera in dwelling houses kepi by fifty diftcront ons. Thisshows that the WEre ro- peated seizures in sevs 1 ing fortysix scarches werein storcs aud small snops kept by soventyone diffcient persons, many of which places were i eds lately adjoining to or connected with the dwelling houses. Elevenof these scventys one persous were woinen, The reports of pos lice oMicers,as well as the statements of those whom duty calls to visit such localitics, « wihich ave been raide not constitute & majority of those whey quoris sold. Indeed, there is a good 1« to believe that therc are streets where liguoe has been sold du v i nealy every house. Many people have nevr sold before, and the daughters of sime e In out homes as servants, nd neivhbop business, ine may the libe terms of * the wholesale ¢ who is reported to put in the bai on creadit, to be paid for whet The example is contagious: here 15t be an opportunity to make a little moncy in & houschold whetd spare pennies ave not overs abundant: the moral fo not strong enough to st the temptation such seru- plesas exist against thewretched business £0 by the board, and soon, perhaps, the mae jority in some litt h0od ake en eage ing, to a greater or ablo employment, and if it is thus persons removed from pressing want t up the business how much easier those upon whom the burden of extreme pove crty bears heavily, “If T don't sell Iiquo¥ how can 1 live!” is a question which Lus been heard more than once the past year. In this city in_many homes liquor is sold to men by women in the presenco of theiv chile dren, -~ As one thinks of the influence of such practices not oly upon: themsclves, but upon thelr children, of the future ovils to flow fre isons so easily learncd in the evasion akiug of law, of the probabils ple becoming future vilgarizing anddegrading influence upon girls resulting from the cons version of a mother's kitehen into a bar roomy visited by coarse, aranken, indecent men, the, simple siggestion of what possibilitics’ th future has forthem in store is appalling. Of what avail are this and other charitable ore ganizations against the disorganizing, cors rupting power of this evil, poisonine tha home, and the moral tone and life of wiole localitiest Res submitted. dmund Tweedy W vice president; 0K, M. 8. Burdick, seeretary; Joseph 1” ton, William . Buffum, John H. Crosby, ir., William . Sheftield, jr., Da 1aker, Ana F. Hunter, Andrey Quinny Catherive White, K. 1. Wormelev, M. Downing: M. T. B from the Dorcag society; Ldia_ Melville, from Townsend Aid to Aged; P, G. Hamiett, from Home for Friendless Children; Emily B. Chace, from Flower mission., ases. The rena first ol 15y for take fow ony § Cota ———— 3 Dr. Birney, nose and throat, Bee bldgy srey Belt lived Louis years 4 to'N twenty-oii ed the fultilment of a promiac had made to marry him when he became of age. Parental objection led to an elopement and marriage. - tarrh, Bee hldy, Josie Koppel ing houses in rived in St Dr. Birney cures ¢ NEW PUBLICATION S, THE North American FOR Review ocroses, Contains : A WORD AS TO THE SPEAKERSHIP. By JAMES BRYCE, M. P., Author ot “The American Commonwealth. " American Girl By My, Avs The Par rence—11, By “fhe Mexican Minister, M. Rove o Municipal Reform. A ReysoMunicml Rebepe p 1, gomean Crowns and Coronets, (An Ariit’s Remi nbcenes.) By G.P. A. HEALY.( The Future of American Universities By the Hox. Axpikaw D. Winre Labor Teadencies in_Great Britain. By Miciar Davitr Faith and Credulity. By JonN BURKovGH The Peculiarities of the South, By Paor. N. S MR, BALFOUR’S ANSWIR TOMR. PARNELL Bythe Right Hon. JOHN MORLEY, M. P. Police Outragesin New York By E.J. Eowax Are Women Mannerless? By W. A Asessment Life Insurance. By Groum D. Erominer AXD OTHER IMTORTANT ARTICLEC. 50 Conts m Copyi $5.00 a Year. i Tl nd Improve Your Sight. Normal Vision Rastored. using a pair of ACLES OR hey are the B. 8511d Gold Spectaclesany style, from $3 up, FineSteelSpectaclesanystyle, from §1 up, Colored Glasses for shading the eyes, from P 60 up. Every pairfitted by a Practical Optician, OCULIST'S ORDERS FILLED. Opera Glasses, Fiel | G asses, Telescoped » Aneroid Baromator, The rmometors, ki MAX MEYER & BRO,, CO., Manufacturing Jeow: rsand Opticians. Corner i6thand Farnam Sts,, Omaha, Neby ALK SROFFUT fieepYo Prote By