Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, May 1, 1889, Page 1

OUR PEERLESS FIRST | In War and Peace and Hallowed in the Hearta of Millions. THE FOREMOST OF THE FREE. #.8 Chleftain, Sage and Statesman, None Equals Washington. TIME ADDS LUSTRE TO HIS LIFE. His Character a Model, His Deeds an Inspiration for Mankind. HONOR TO WHOM HONOR IS DUE. “In Freedom's Presence Bow, While Sweetly Smiling Now She Wreaths the Spotless Brow of George Washington." The Centehnial. New Yong, April 30.—-The town woke up more sleepy this morning than it did yester- day, and with good reason. The earliest streaks of dawn found many wveople in the streets, A more perfect morning could scarce have been found. It was cool, but it was & morning to delight the heart of the soldier who has a long tramp before him, The air was oxuilirating in the extreme. Many not already there in these early hours wended their way toward the lower end of the city, more resplendent than ever in the early morning light,with the wind stretching every flag and streamer taut and snapping their folds as though in jubilation, A3 the sun rose the soul-inspiring strains of “0O1d Hundred" were borne with the breeze to many listening ears from the chimes of old Trinity, Then came ‘‘Hail Columbia,” “Yankee Doodle, *“The Centennial March,” “‘Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean,” *Amer- ica,” *The Starry Fla “Our Flag is There,” “Auid Lang Syne,” *“My Country's Flag of Stars,” As the morning wore along the crowds in the streets became even greater than they ‘were yesterday. The sounds of the bells, calling people to thunksgiving services in the various churches awakened the people ancw to the true soiemnity of the ervices were held in all the churches of the eity of every denomination, votive masses being offcred up in the Catho- lic churches, at which special prayers were held. As a matter of course, the principal 8 were at St. Paul’s church,on Broad- where Washington attended on the morning of his inzuguration. The exercises were conductea by Rt. Rev. Henry C. Potter, D. D, L. L. D., bishop of New York, a8 the services on the day of Wash- ington’s inanguration were conducted by the bishop of New York, the Rt. Rev. Sam- uel Provoost. At 8 o'clock the committee on states escorted the president from the Fifth Avenue hotel, accompanied by the cabinet, and under an escort of police, they proceeded to the vice president’s residence. The vice president entered Presilent Har. rison’s carriage and the procession moved down to St Paul's. At the Vesey street gate the party was met by a committee of the vestry of Trimty church and the president was conducted to Washington's pew. The edifice was filled with the wealth- jest and most yprominent people in the country. Bishop Potter's address was an eloquent one, After dwelling on the exalted char- acter of Washingron, especially on the deep religious feeling which governed him, as shown on the day of his inauguration when he eame to worstip in this very church, the speaker touched on the coustitution of the United States and the vast work which had brought its members into one body. The bishop then suid in part: 5 “But it 18 a somcwhat significant fact it was mnot along lines such as these that the enthusiasm which flamed out ' during these recent days and weeks as this anmversary approached scemed to move. One thing that has, I im- sgine, amazed a good many cynical and pess- imistic people among us, is the way in which the ardor of a great people’s love, and hom- age, and gratitude bave kindled, not before an imuge of mechanism, hut of man, That it celebrates the beginning of an administra- tion, which, by its lofty and stainless integ- rity, by its absolute superiovity to selfish or sccondary motives, by the rectitude of its dally conduct in the face of whatsoevor threats, blandishments orcombinations, rather than by the osten tatious Phariseeism of 1ts professions had taught this nation und world forever what a christian ruler of a christian people ought w be. “Ihe conception of the national government a8 & huge machine, existing maiuly for the purpose of rewarding partisan serviec—this Wwas & conception so alien w the character and conduct of Washington and his associ- ates that it seews grotesque even to speak of t. It would be interesting to imugine the first president of tho United States confronted with sorae ono who had ventured to approach him upon the busis of What ure now com- monly known as ‘practical politics,’ but the soncoytion 18 impossible.” The bishop here quoted from a letter of Wasbhington to friend who sought the pledge of un office during the eampaign, refusing any such pledge, decluring that neither the ties of blood nor fricndship when in ofiice should sway his judgmoent. Tuerspeakor then procecded to contrast oh political methods with those of to day in scathing lauguage, and said: We nave ex- Shavged Wadhingtonian - dignity for Jeffersontan simplivity, which was intrath only another name for Jucksonian vulgurity.” Tho speaker ciosed with o prayer that the - tion be led'to follow Washington's noble oliristian example, AT THE SUB-TREASURY. After the monies in the church were concluded, tne prosidential party, escorted by the committee, were driven down to the sub-treasury building, at the coruer of Wall and Nassau streets, where the litorary exer- cises of the day began, The crowd at the sub-treasury defled computation and the cheers which greeted the president upon‘his Appearsnce on the platforim under the her statue of Washington fairly shook the foun- dutions of the building its The mowent the excreises at the sub-treasury began, THE MULITAKY PARADR atarted up Broadway from 1Mine st triumphal march, with' General 8 commanding. The parade was in th visions, the first consisting of regula cadets and the unaval corvs. The Pointors, 400 strong, 1ed the coltmn, The second division cousisted of the stute militia, sud they warched in the orde which their respective states were admitted to the nulon, with the goverivr of cach stule at the head of its trovps. ‘F'he third division was composed of the Grand Army of the Republic and the Lo Legiou. The crowd whiv filled windows axn cedented, The march was an ovation aleng the eu route, both for the tigops and the president. OPENING THE PXERCISK 8r, opened the exercises at troducing Elbridwe T. v, Gerry, with & fow priaste vomarks, calied upou IRev. ard S, Btorrs, who delivered uu eloquent voeation, closing with the Lord's prayer. WHITTIEW'S FOKM, Clarencel V', Bowen, secretary of the cen- feuninl vodudite intredaesd et ot s olleld CORUS ro0Ds, West lined the strects and the houselops vas unpre: iie | | from the powe: of precedents an read the following poem by J. G. Whittier, composed for the occasion : THE YOW OF WASHINGTON. The sword was sheathed: in April's sun Lay green the fields by Freedom won; And severed sections, weary of debates, Joined hands at last and were United States. O City sitting by the Sca! How proud the day that dawned on thee, When the new era, long desired, began, And, in its need, the hour had found the man ! One thought the cannon salvos spoke; The resonant hell-tower's vibrant stroke, The voiceful streets, the plaudit-cchomg halls, And prayer and hymn borne heavenward from St. Paul’s | How felt the land in every part, The strong throb of & nation’s heart. As its great leader gave, with reverent awe, His pledge to Union, Liberty aud Law ! Thatpledge the heavens above him heard, That vow the sleep of centurics stirred; In worid-wide wonder listening peoples bent Their gaze on Freedom's great exporimennt. Could it succeed? Of honor sold And hopes deceived all history told. Above the wrecks that strewed the mourn- ful past, ‘Was the long dream of ages true at last? Thank God ! the paopla's choice was just, The oue man equal to his trust, Wise_boyond lore, and without ' weaknoss good, Calm in the strength of flawless rectitude! His rule of justice, order, peace, Made possible the world’s release s Taught pride and serf that power is but a trust, And rule, Wlone, which sorvs the ruled, s ust; That Freedom generous is, but strong In hate of fraud and selfish wrong, Pretense that turns her holy truths to lies, Aud lawless license masking in her guise. Land of his fove! with ono glad voico “ Let thy great sisterhood rejoice A century’s suns o'er thee have risen and Bot, And, God bo praised, we arc one nation yet. And still we trust, the years to be Shall prove his hope was destiny, Leaving our flag with all its added stars Unvent by faction and unstained by wars! Lo! wherc with paticnt toil he nursed And trained the new-set plant at trst, The widening branches of a stately tree Streteh from the sunrise to the sunset sea. And in its broad and sheltering shade, Sitting with gone to make afraid, Were v now silent, through each’ mighty b, ‘The winds of heaven would sing the praise of him. Our first and best!—his ashes lie Beneath his own Virginia sk Forgive, forget, O true and justund brave, “The storm that swept above sacred grave! For, ever in the awful strife And dark hours of the nation’s life, Through the fierce tumult pierced his warn- ing word, Theiw father's voice heard ! his erring children The change for which be prayed and sought, In that sharp agony was wrought; No partial intercst draws its alien Lné "P'wixe North and South, the cypress aud the pine! One people now, al! doubt beyond, His name shail be our Union-bond; We lift our nands to Heaven, and here and now, Take on our 1ips the old Centonnial vosy. For rule and trust must needs be ours; Ghooser and chosen both are powers Fqual in service as in rights; the claimn Of Duty rosts on each and all tho same, Then let the sovereign millions, where Our bunner floats in sun and air, From the warm palm-lands to Alaskw’s cold, Repeat with us the pledge a century old! Oax Kxowr, Danvers, bass, At the conclusion of the reading the assembly gave Whittier three cheers aud a tiger. DEP Hon. Chauncey the day, was next introduced. a hearty greeting, and spoke as follow “She solenin ‘ceremonial of the firs auguration,” said the speuker, “the reverent oath of Washington, the acclaim of the mul- titude greeting their president, marked the most unique event of modern times in the development of free institutions. The oc- casion was not an aceident but a result, It was the culmination of the working out by mighty forces throughi many conturies of “government. It was not the triumph of a systew, the application of a theory, or the reduction to practice of the abstractions of philosophy. ~ The time, the country, the herecity and environment of the people, the folly of its enemies, and the noble courage of its friends, gave to liberty aftor ages of d fout, of trial of experiment, of partial su cess and substantial gains, this immortal victory.” Mr. Depew reveiwed at longth the charac~ teristics of the pioneers of the country who fled from the tyranuy of the old world and vlunted the secd of civil und religious liberty in the new.” They had been puritied in the furnace of experience and in high debate und onbloody battlefields had learned to sacrifice all material interests ana to peril their lives for human rights, The traditions and ex- pecience of the colonists bad wmude them alert to discover and quick to resist any peril to their liberties. The farmers’ shot at Lexington echoed round the world: the spirit which it awakened could do and dare and die, The thunders of Putrick Henry in Vir ginia, the fervid eloquence of Jumes OUis in Massachusctts, the pledges of Humilton, Juy and Clinton that New York would coutrib- ute men und means to the common cause, in- fused confidence in the wavering, yet their vision only saw a league of indepéndent col- onies, ‘Vhe veil was not yet drawn from be- fore the vista, of population and power, of empire and liberty, which would open with national uufon, The contivental congress partinlly grasped, but complotely oxpressed, the central wdea of American vepublic. Movo fully than any other which ever assembled did it represeut the victories won from arbitrary power for human right. In the new world it was the conservator of liberties secured through cen- turies of struggle in the old. The men who fought the battles and staked their lives and their'means on the issue of the revolution were the heirs and guardiaus of the priceless wasures of munkind, A year of doubt and debate, the buptism of blood upou battle- ficlds, * where soldiers from every colouy fought under a common standurd, and cone solidated the continental wriny, graduslly lifted the soul and nunderstandiog of this im- mortal conprass 1o the sublime declaration : e, therofore, the representatives of the U tes of Aluerica, w goneral con- gress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the me and by the au- thority of the good peonle of thess colonies, solemnly publish und declare that these colonies are, ana of #igiit, ought 1o be, froe und indopendent stutos,” The imwortal charter of freedomn was signed by men upon whose neads Lyranis had sot # price. Por them it was @ death warrant or a dipicoua of imngrtahty, as with Armtmid Ligh purpose ;uhlwnh'.m!ou reso- lutien. they subseribed their names. More cloarly than any stateswan of tle poriod did Thomas Jefferson grasp and divine the possibilities of papulur govera- went. He cauglit and crystalized the spirit of free institutons. e was singulurly free thie chaing of projudice, Upon tha famous axiom, of equulity bofore law, hic constructed his sys- tem. Itinspired him to write the Deelara- tion of Indopendence, breaking the links binding the colonists to hnY:nul authority and pulveriziug the privileges of castu. With poace cume the strifes of fuctious, of jealousies between distant comwunitics, the iutense growth of proviucial pride and in- whick for u time threaicued the ox- 20 Aivk, Lelgiess shon fiamed V'8 ORATION. M. Depew, the He received the Articles of Confederation, which were founded on the doctrine of states, right. They reversed the Declaration of Indepen- dence, and instead of entrusting power to the people, cunferred it on the state legisla- tures. All states had an equal voice with- out regard to population, and any five of them could block the wheels of gov- ernment. This was a fatal weakness, Con- gress could nefther levy taxes nor impose duties nor collect excise, Anarchy threat- ened Its existence at nome and contémpt met its representatives abroad. Buteven through Cimerian darkness shot a flame which illu- minated the coming century and kept bright the beacon fires of liberty. The architects of constitutional freedom formed their insti- tutions with wisdom which forecasted the future. The moral and 1ntellectual forces forming the foundation of the nation as. sented to the limitation of the boundaries of states, and gave congress the power to levy and colleet taxgs. Tho patriotiam which had been misled, bt never faltored, rose above the interests of atates and the jealonsies of Jarring confederates to find the basis for the union. The corner stone of the edifice whose centennary we are celebrating was the ordi- nance of 1787, It was constructed by the st of congresses, but few enactments inancient or modern times have had more far- reaching und beneticent effect. It is one of the sublimest paradoxes of history that_this weak confederation of states should have welded thi huin, agaiost which, after sev. enty-four years of fretful effort for release, its own spirit fran®ally dashed and died. The experience of 100 s hus domon- strated for us the perfection of the work, for defense against foreign foes ana for self- preservation against domestic insurrec- tion, for limitless expansion popula- tion and material development, aund for steady growth in intellectual freedom and force. Its continuing influence upon the welfare and destiny of the humau race can only be measured by the capacity of man to enjoy the boundless opportunities of liberty and law. The eloquent characterization of Mr. Gladstone condenses its merits, *“The American constitution is the most wonderful work ever struck off at a given time by the brain and purpose of man,” The speaker then reviewed at length the struggles following the inauguration of Washington, the various amendments to the constitution, the creation and perfection of the various departments of the government, the inception of the supreme court which de- fined and confirmed the enlarged power of congress and the rights of states, the iise aud conservative counsels of the first presi- dent and the great debt posterity owes to his adwministration. After briefly sketching the wonderful growth and development of the country, Mr. Depew concluded &8 follows: *Tue sun of our destiny is still rising, and ite rays illumine vast territories as yet un- occupiod and undeveloped, and which” are to be the happy homes of millions of people, The questions which affect the powers of government and the expansion or limitation of the authority of the federal constitution are 8o completely settled, and so unani- mously approved, that our political divisions produce only the healthy antagonism of par- ties which is necessary for the preservation of liberty. Our institutions furnish the full equipment of shield and spear for the battles of freedom, and absolute protection against every danger which threatens the welfave of of the people will always be found m the intelligence which ~ appreciates their value, and the courage and morality with which their powers are exercised. The spirit of Washington fills the executive ofice. Presidents may not rise to the full measure of his greatness, but they must not fall below his standard of public duty and obligation. His life and character, con- seientiously studied and thorou under- stood by coming gencrations, will be, for them, aliberal education for private life and public station, for citizenship and patriotism, for love and devotion to the union and lib- With their inspiring past and splendid present, the people of these United States, heirs of 100 years marvelously rich in all which adds to the glory and greatness of a nation, with an abiding trust in the stability and elasticity of their constitution, and an abounding faith in themselves, hail the com- ing century with hope and joy.” Gerry then introduced President Hurri son, who arose from his seat and advanced to the frontof the platform. This was the signal for a grand outburst of cheesint. Dozens of cameras was pointed at him from the surrounding house tops, He stood still for a moment, unconsciously giving the pio- tographers an_excellent opportunity. — He spoke as follows: *These proceedings are of a very cting character and make it quite impossible that 1 should deliver an address on this occasion. At an early date I notified your committee that the programme must not contain any address by me. The selection of Mr. Depew as the orator on this o or;_made any further speech not only difficult but super- fluous. He has met the demand of the occa- sion on its own high level. He has brought before us the inciaents of the ceremonies of the great inauguration of Washington, We seem to be part of the aimiring and almost adormg throag that filled this streets, 100 vears ago, to grest the always inspiring presence of Washinzton. He was the incarnation of duty, and teaches us, to- day, the great lesson that those who would associate their name with events that shall’ outlive a century can only do so by the highest consecration to duty. He was like a captain who gocs to sea, and throws over- board his cargo of rags that he may gain safety and deliverance for bis imperilled fel- low men. Washington seemed to come to the discharge of the duties of his high office im- pressed with a great sense of his nnfamiliar- ity with the position newly thrust upon him, and modestly doubtfulof his own ability, but trusting implicitly in that God who rules the world and presides in the conscience of na- ons, and his power to control human events, We have made marvelous progress in material events sice then, but the stately and onduring shaft we have built at the capital at Washington symbolizes that ne is still the tirst American in lie remarks of the president wore fre- quently interrupted with cheers, and when he sat down there came cries for **Morton.” But the vice president merely responded by rising and bowing to the throng. rehbishop Corrigan, attired in his pontif robes, then pronoun ced the benediction, THE PARADE. The Irinity chimes rang out and the music of the bands anoounced the parade had alrcady started. ‘The presidential party cn- teved ‘the carriages and started for the re- viewing stand at Madison Square. From Pine street. the point from which the parade started up Broudway, #s far us the eye could reuch, the sidewalks 'were literally blocked with people, while the windows, doorwuys, and roofs were simply a mass of humanity. A the procession moved cheers rent the air and bandkerchiefs and banners were thrown to the breeze on all sides, ‘The dense througs and the pressure of course caused numerous fainting fits along the roite. At 12:% the president ana the other guests were driven past the city hall in opel carriages, at o brisk pace, the mili tary bodies having been drawn up in sulut- ing columns on the east side of Broadway. President Harrison kept his head uncovered and nodded to the right and left in_acknowl- odg him all ulong the line. Men shouted them- selves hoarse, ladies waved flags and hand- kerchiefs, ‘U'he cabinet officers and the other bonored guests were greeted with plaudits, but the ovations accorded ex-Presdent Clave- lund was at many boints more hearty than that recoived by’ the occupauts of the first couch, it is culculuted that at the rate it has been going it will take uine hours for the proces sion to puss & given poiut. aud it is evident thicre must be some cutting done somewhere. PASSING DNDEK THE GBAND AKCH, Washington Sguare was simply & seething, hustliug crowd of humanity. As the troops possed down Waverly plice und up Fifth avenue under tho grand arch, the scene from the grand stand was magnificent, The long line of soldiers with trappings and trim miugs glitteriug in the sun, looked like @ vast river of bwmanity. As the troops filed into ifth avenue they were grected with cheer after cheer, Coming iuto Union Sauare the head of the column made & beau- tiful turn, and passing by the status of the immoxtal George, wound uround the square liko some huge, Kaily colored serpent, and away once wore to Fifth aveaue and theuve wwald Lue reviewing staud, The went of the wild upplause which greeted | huzzas of the people that wene wafted up the avenue on the windanpoppced to those in the stands at Madi Square the ap- proach of the pai o.mfl.rte scene at the square was o brilliant one. For fully two hours before the paradeafrivea the stands were occupied by people whé had determined to be patient and thereby e good seats. The hotel windows preseuted an attractive scons. A man who had certainly as fine & view as anybody had perched himself on top of the principal arch in front of the Fifth avenue hotel. Among those who wandered around in the vicinity of the stands prior to the arrivai of the parade was ex-Secretary Bayard, At 1 o'clock there was a_stir about Madi- son square which indicated the drawing near of the rmldem and party. The soldiers had arrived at Twenty-second street and were drawn up on either side. leaving an avenue through which the distinguished party could be driven. Seon after 1 o'clock the carringe containing the president drove up. Mayor Grant was with him. Following them were Vice President Morton, General Sherman and Senator Evarts. ix-Presidents Cleve- Jand and Hayes occupied another carriage. Chauncey M. Depew occupied a carriage with Bishop Corrigan. On the stand President Harrison occupied the center, On his right was General Sherman, and on his left was Mayor Grant. To the left of the latter were ex-Presidents Cleveland ana Hayves, But few minutes elapsed after the arrival of the presidential party when the military parade started. With "hurdly a halt, the great colimn moved on past the grand stand, and it was twenty minutes pust 6, five hours and twenty-five minutes after the start, when the last of it had passed and the president was able to rest his right arm, which had for five hours been constantly busy in answering salutes. Throughout, the soldiers made a remarkably fine appearance, The § R. came atthe end and were received all along the route h cheers and hurrahs, though nearly every one who had viewed the long parade was thoroughiy tired out. From the Madison Square reviewing stand to the dis- banding point av_ Fifty-second street, the crowd was if anything “thicker than below Twenty-third street. A8 the hours wore on the crowd refreshed itself with fruit, sand- wiches and dri purchased from the ven- dors who swarmed on every side. From the cominon council stand came a perfect rain of oranges to the tired soldiers whenever the column halted. Barrels and boxes to stund on were readily bought at from 25 to 50 cents, and seats on trunks were often twice filled, as original purchases became tired and forsook them. Many persons brought chairs and camp stools to stand on, and one long headed individual carried a step-ladder about which he planted wherever he pleased. The stands in front of the various churches were well patronized. Accidents were exceedingly rare, although faiuting spells were common enough. On the whole, the entire affair was most admirably man- aged. Governor Hill, m closing his address of welcome, said “The sentiments of every true American are expressed in the hope; that faction may not destroy, that pride may not injure, that corruption may not undermne and- thut soc tionalism may not divide this fair republ but that its vorders may be still further extended, its commerce float on pvery sea, che stars upon its flag bo trebiad, its frec in® ftitutions live on and flourish and its liberty loving people continue to work out the prob- lem of self-government so long as froedom itself exists and until time shall be no more.” AT THE METROBOLITAN. The Metropolitan opaa house was the scene of the sccond chief evenu of the great centennial celebration, and the theatre of the greatest banquet possibly . ever held within the recollection of man. -, The interior decorations of tha now his- torical building excolled the splevdor and display the ball of the pysvious nirht. The stage and auditorium cofoected in_one con- tinuous floor, was ‘the foundation of twenty-five tables arranged in doublo horse shoe fashion, with a seatinz capacity of 8,000, Nearly 8,000 wine glasses glitterod at vals niong the array of tables, waiters, as well drilled as 5o ma stoo 1 ready Lo respond to the slightest wink of the dines The tables were claborately decorated. The expense of the dinner is said to have been £35,000, the wine alone cansing an expenditure of neariy $16,000. The bill of fare in print was eight_inches long and _of French construction, being wound up with tweive varieties of wine and three cordials. Over the president’s seat, surrounded by flaming American fags, was suspended a nuge picture of the head and bust of Wash- iveton, At Mayor Grant’s right hand sat the presi- dent, and Governor Hill was left. Next to the president sat Vice-Pre dent Morton. The others were Chiet Justice Fuller, General Schofield, Senator Evar ex-President F es, Bishop Potter, S tary Proc and General rman, Governor Hill's side were Andrews, Admiral Porter, Se cock, President Cleveland, Speakor of the New York statec assembly 5. 5. Cox, Clavence W. Bowen and EL soldiors, as a little after 8 o'clock when the ident, escorted by Governor Hill and Mayor Grant, entered the great dining room. They were follgwed by Vice-Prosi- dent Morton _and Lieutenant-Governor Jones, of New York, avd other distingnished guests of the mayor's table. As the party walked down thé aisle of the auditorium ail the assembled diners stood up in rece of the president! val and the band played “Hail to the Chiof.” ‘e president's parly stood buck of their cheixs with bowed heads while Bishop Potter mede the opening prayer of grace, and dinner was begun at a s from the banquet director. It was anuot that Secretary Blaine was unable to be pre ent, and President Harrison's address,which was at the end of the list, was scheduled to ace Secretary Blaiue's, which way down the = toast At the conclusion of the invocation Mayor Grant rose and read the list of toasts. Gov- ernor Hill was iotroduced as the first speaker und, in a brief speech, welcomed the guests. Following Governor Hill's welcome, ex President Cleveland was introduced, and re- sponded to the toast, “Our People, as fol- lows : “I'he mention of a peoplo may well sugiest sober and impressiva Wher government has been adwinistered in tyr. anny, in despotism or oppression, there has been found among the governed a yearmug for a freer condition aud au assertion of man's nobility. These age but the fultering steps of buman uature in the direction of freedom, which is its birtiright, and they presage a struggle of ndu 1o becomo.a free people wad thus reach the plone of their highest and best aspirations. In this rela tion, and in theiw vy for freedom, 1t may be truly suid: “The vaice of the people is the voice of God' The intuence of these reflections is upon e as 1 speak of those who, after davkness and doubt and unu:f(ln, burst forth into the bright light of independeuce and liberty and became ‘Our People'—fkee, determined and confident—challenging the 'wonder of the universe—proclaiming the dignity of mun and invoking the aid mud the favor of Al mighty God. Iusublime’ faith and rugged strength ouy fathers eried out to the world: *All the people of the Unigea States in order to form u morg perfect upion, establish jus tice, insure domestie uranguility, provide for common defense, promote the general wel fare, and-secure the hlessipgs of liverty to ourselyves and om‘-w‘:& ity, do ordain and establish this constitution tor-the United States of America,’ Thus our people, i & day assumed a plac among the nations of the carth. Their mis- 8i00 Was 10 teach the fitness of 4 man for self government, their destiny was to outstrip every ' other people in natioual achievement and material greatness, “One hundred years have passed. We bave announced and proyed 1o the erld our inis sion and made our destiny s 1 will not tamely recite our achievements. They are wiitten on every i of our his- tary, and the monyments of rowth and advancement are gbout us, bt the value of these things wefucasured by the fuiluess with which +“our people have preserved their p; ism, their detegrity, and their devotion to free institutions. Meeting this test, Wwe point to the scatterod graves of many thousands of our people who bave bravely died (u defense of our national safety and perpetuity, mutely bearing testimony to their love of country, and to an iovincible living host standin, ready to enforce our national rights and protect ouf land, our chourches, our schools, our universities and our benevelent institu- tions, which beautify every town and hamlet and look out from every hillside, testifying to the value our peopls place upon religious teaching, upon advanced education and doeds of charity. ““That our people are still jealous of their industrial rights and fresdom, is proved by the fact that no one in place or power ha dared to openly assail them, The enthusi- asm that murks the colebration of the inaug- uration of their first chiet magistrate shows the popular apvreciation of the valuo of the ofice, which, in our plan of government, stunds above all others for the sovereignty of the people, and is the repository of their trust. Surely such a people can be sufely trusted with their free government, and there need be no fear that thoy have lost the qualities which fit them to be its custo- dinns, ‘‘Let us then have an abiding faith in ‘our people.’ Let petulance and discontent with popular action disappear before the truth that inany and all circumstances the will of the people, however it may be exercised, is the law of our national existence—the arbiter ab- solute and unchangable by which wg must abide. Other than the existing situations or poiicies canonly justify themselves wh they may be reached by the spread of politi- cal intelligence and the revival of unseltish and patriotic interest in public affairs. 111 natured complaints of the people’s incompe- tency and self-righteous assertion of super ority over the body of the people are impo- tent and useless, ‘‘But there is dunger, I fear, that the scope of the words ‘our pvople’ and all they impart are not always fully apprehended. It is only natural that those in the various walks of life should see ‘our people’ within the range of their own vision and to find just about them, the interests most important and most worthy the care of tne govornment. ‘The rich merchant or capitalist in the centre of wealth and eaterprise, hardly hus a glimpse of the country blacksmith at his forge or the farmer in his field, and these in their turn know buy little of the laborers who crowd our manufuctories and inhabit their own world ot toil, or of the thousands who labor in our mines, Yet in the spirit of our institutions, all these, ted in station and personal interest common brotherhood und are ‘our people “Diversity of interests, source of boundless wealth and prosperity, has u tendency to press ‘our people’ apart. This condition demands of us ucounter force of i'berality and toleration toward cach other und enlightencd regard for the condi- tion of every individual who contributes to the aggregate of our national greauress, This centennial time, which stirs our pride by leading us to the contemplation of our strides to wealth and greatness, also recalls to our minds the virtues and unselfish devo- tion to principle of those who saw the first days of the republic. Let there | a revival of our love for the principles whick our country represents, let theve be at this time a new consecration 1o the of man’s freedow and equality by who wears tho badge of our people ture beekons us on. Let us follow exalted and eanobling love of country and with undaunted courage. Though elouds muy sometimos darken the heavens they shali be dispellei and we shall see the the bow of God's promisc set rly in the sky and shall read beneath it, blazing in radiuut char- s ‘Our People.’ of Virgmia, ve- though the eraor sponded to, Chi sponded to the coustitution—ine con- on of all formor wisdom, the trust present, the guide for all coming nations,” After dwelling at some lcugth on th probloms which confronted the framers of the constitution aud the necessity for un cqualled patience, equity, moderation and wisdom on their pal the spealier said: “That patience, that sa, that mod- eration, that wisdom, signally exhibited in zeneral, was speeially iHustrated in his char- cter and conduet Whose inauguration we celebrate to-day. To Was eye the glories of the future uaveiled, dependent for realizition upon the sucess of statesmauship in the work of con struction entered on at his sugzestion uud carried o compiction under his_divection, “Lie eauable and steadfast texor of his mind was exemplified in his_weil-known exclama- tion, ‘Let us raise a standard 10 which the wise and honest can repair; the event is in tne hand of God.! ~ Under ‘such guidunce, in that temper, with that reliance, the work went forw culmination in th maste: piece of poiitical science. The great English statesman declared it the most wonderful work ever struck off ata given time by the brain and purpose of man, but in_its main features it as much procéeded ‘from pro gressive history’ as any g uental organism mankind has cver seen, Like the action of nature, forces had been long accumnlating before they burst into cx pression, The careful division of powers, the checks and bulances, the representation of states aud the safeguards arbitrary rul to protect and of the powe the powerlessncss to oppress, wer but the concentrated results of prior expe ience, while the plan of government, abso lutely sovereizn in its own sphere, but lea ing the states without any political superior in their own territory,” was the national outeome of the necessity’ of reconciling partial sway over a vast extent of country to be peopled by coming myriads with repibli can rule resting on i ative syst and the principle of government for domestic purposes. No boundary noeded 1o be, or wus defiued, to cross which was revo. lution, to provide for a supreme tribunal w a part of the noble scheme, to which committed the duty of determining when the federal or state action cxcecded their boundaries. For the fiexibility of unwrittc constitutions, there was substituted here not merely u mode of altevation when santioned as preseribed, but through simple general ity of terms cmployed, an elasucity enabling the fundamental law o devele progress of the veople, us the logic of events influciced its p Judicial interpretation expunded 50 48 o impair any vital rale, but to permit its aduption to new conditions, thus kecping pace with the onward sweep of the cupive which it rendered possible this matehless in strument vindicates its title to immortality Well may the venerable historian whose years nearly equal the life of the nation, dc seribe the constitution us not ouly the con sumumation of political ‘wisdom in the nust, but a trust of the present, and well may we hope with him that the coming nations will avail themselves of the teaching that its con- ury of successful operation aftords.” After the chief-justic address President darrison was introducsd. As the chief cx ecutive arose to speak, he appeared tived out and even paler than usual, He responded to *“The United States.” The toust was “The Senate,” respouded to by Senator Duniel, In respouse to the toast, *“The Presidency," ex-’resident Hayes reyiewed the early days | of the government and the roasons for tie institution of the chief mugistracy. The ¢ president said “‘Experience has shown that in an ordinary time the executive power is of no krcater importauce, perhaps it is less vital, than the legislative or judicial power. Wheh gigautic perils and disasters thr when extraor Qinary character and po ure demunded, these great occasions have always found strong hands to deal with them. We can teuly suy of the presidency that the results of twenty-ive consecutive terms huve vindicatad the wisdom of the futhers who established it. Of the twenty-two terms there are two thi h may be said, one is thut no great remediless harm ciing through the executive power 1o the people | was inteuded to serve, The otuer 18 that if no eminent historical benefit, ing turongh ages, was conferred by 1most’ of them, it was perhaps because the opportunity for ilius. trious achieve L did nov occur, but during them all the nation, its inhercnt resources and energy, pushea rapidly forward in a career of unparailelcd prosperity and happiness uuimpeded by ex ccutive crimes or blunders, Kinally, durin the critical and anxious years of the other three presidential terms the opportuity came to America and she gave to the world two chief magistrates whose character and deeds inexorable ovisions, or em, o 1a. unrivaled o buway auouls, were crowaed by " NUMBER 820 a devotion to country and mankind which en- abled them to furnish an example of inde- pendonce of personal advantage and of sel- fish love of power, of wealth and of titls, eithor for themselves or their families, abso: Iutely unknown in the history of tho world. By their administration of tho presidency Washington and Lincoln made the great office, and the century whose completion we celebrate, forever illustrious. Mr. Hayoes was followed by Senator Evarts, who spoko to “The Judiciary.” General Sherman was choered when he roso to speak to ‘“Tho Army and Navy,” “Our Schools and Col, loges,” Was the next to to which Harvard's president, Charles W. Eliot, re- sponded, Hon. James Russell Lowell had “Our Literature. Twelve toasts wore spoken to, and _the hour was late when tho most_notable banquet of the times had ended. OTHER « IRATIONS, At Chueago. Cricago, April 30.—Centennial day opened bright and pleasant. Tho carly cars down town were loaded with people to see the va- rious societies and military organizations marching to the churches to attend divine worship. At 8:30 a salute of thirteen guns was fired. This was the signal for the ring- ing of bells all over the city, and steamors, tugs and locomotives blew their whistles. Church services began at 9 o'clock. Gover- nor Fifer and staff, in military uniform,wor- shiped at Plymouth church. "At 11 o'clock exercises were held in the public, private and varochial schoots, and tho scholars were addressed by proniinent citizens, after which medals and pries were distributed among them. At 12:30 a national salute of forty- two guns was ired. At3p. m. eight gre mass meetings were held i the largest audi- toriums in the city and in tents. The pro- @rammes at all these meetings were iden- tical, excopt as to thespeakers, and consisted of patriotic iustrumental and vocal music, the latter being rendered by choruses of from five hundred to eight hundred voices at oach vlace, tho reading of mes- sages and lotters, and the pas- sage of approbriate resolutions. Among the speakers was John M. Thurston, of Ne- ska. This evening there were elaborate splays of fire-works ip different sections of tne city A batiquet was b, prosided o the Union League Judge Gresham. Mr. Justice Harlan, resvonding to the toast, *‘Washi on and the Constitution,” reviewed the efforts of Washington to bring about a more perfect union of the people, his conncction with the formation of the ox: isting constitution and_eulogized the char- v of the first president. After speaking ome length of the workings of the consti Justice Harlun closed as follows: ile renewing this day our allogiance to the constitution of Washington lot us not forget that the liberty for which our fathers ught is liberiy securved and luted by law, not the liberty of mere licouse, There ce inonr American systom for the d freedom that respects not the essential rights of life, liberty and property. but regards a government of law as inimical of mun. This country opens doors for the reception of the industrious immigrant who cnjoy . the blessings of our institutions nd who ussimilate with our people. 13ut we canuot elose our eyes to the fact that the foreign governments are throw- ing upon our shoves and crowding our great cities with vast hordes of men who have no proper conception of the philosophy or spirit of American libevty. Recent investigations show coming to our land, in startling num- vers, worthless characters, gathered from the Bighways und byways of othsr countries, well as criminals from foreign jails and penitentiavies, ail of whom will, in time, be invested with all the privileges at ballot box of sharing 1 the coutrol, not ouly of the states, but of the nation. In view of tnese facts, thoughtful, patriotic citizens, native and naturalized may well ask whether the safety of onr government and the integ- of our civilization ure not seriously ed by the presence here of so many that place no value upon the inestimable right of suffrage and have litle sympathy with or knowledgze of ouy institutions, W can perform no better scevice for our coun- try that to sec 10 it that the rizit to shape its destiny shull not be bestowed upon those who are unworthy of it. TLet us raisc our voices in favor of such further enactments, consti- tutional and statutory, us may be uecessary to guavd an Awerican civilization and keep this country for all time under, American control.”? Amo toasts and speeches were “Jumes Madison,” respouded to by Bishop Spalding, of Peoria; * Phouius Jeffarson,” by Hon. L. D. Thomas, of Indiana; John Mar- shall,” by Hon. Robert L. Lincoln; “Benja- min Pranilin.” by Rev. “C. C. Albertson: Tenry Clay,” by Hon, W. O, P, Brecke vidge, of Kentucky; xander Hamiltor by Hon. J. L. Ruinells; *Daniel Webster, by Hon. J. . Burrows, of Michigan; “Abra. ham Lin by | John AL~ Langstons Tlysses by Hon. J." M. Thurs: ton, of Neb wide houest, desires to its, o At Yankton. YANKTON, Dak., April 30— | Speciai Vele- gram to Tnz Bee, |—The contennial of Wash ington’s innugural was enthusiastically cele- brated in Yankton. A large procession, in- cluding the county and city officers, militia, firemen, various societics, school “children and citizens, paraded the streots, Addresses were made by distinguished loval speakers at Turner hall, after which the large.crowd dispersed, AU1iw. m. there w cvices ut the Eviscopal and Congregational churche: suituble 1o the oceasion, which woere lurgoly uttended. To-night, Company 13, a ld i wanization, is roception ub ich is bemng largely attonded by ple in the eity and vicinity. At St Loais, S1. Lovis, April 30.—Centenniai formally mshered in at s o'cloc) of 100 guns, while cvery ringing and every and steambout iny with a bell i the city whistle in fuctory, mill were blown. At 9 o'clock services wore neld in- many churches, The feature of the day's procecdings, however, was the imposing military and ewie parad this afternoon. There were sixteen divisions including the United States troops, militia, veterans, the fire and nvolice departments and many civic societics. The pavade was the finest and largost ever switnessed her id was over iy hours passing a given point. Ponight 4 yvaud inass meeting was held at the ssition buildi L Appro. priute exercises, At Ulicyenn Curyezye, Wyo, Spe gram to Tuk Bri-The cente Washington's inwuguration hus served here in conncetion with Pubiic meetings with adds the tistorical features of the day were hold at the public school bulldings. I'he plant bus been A lar nwnber of trees bave been seu out the chuichos, school houses and private residon es At Sionx Falls, Sioux Pairs, Dak, April 20, Telegram 10 Tue iex. oo duy thusiusticaliy ol d here Fuis uftecnoon there was @ fine pavade of ynlitary and vivie sovietios and the fire deuartiuent. @At the close, out-door wdadresses wore delivored by Judgis | e und Kol Caldweli, This ening a lurae wered st opera house to Ristis Hare and 8, I Young. \ Tel nial of been ob Arbor day, sses dovoted to Speci was en- No Western Hepresentatives NEW YonK, / cial Pl to Tug Bee. |- 10 Nebraska viaus r al the centenuial o very quict. Not from the graat Prans Missouri conelr 0 be found 1 the parade to-day, wud '8 must thini that section of the country isout of the Lnited The fow Omatis people in the vity have evidently been i hidivg wll day. as kep At Vhiladelphia PuiioiLenid, April 80.—The ccutennial was very quictly vbeerved in this city. At many churches thero were commomorative services but no prearranged ceromony, Pt =g At Boston. Bostos, April 80.—The day was quite ox tensively observed i Boston and neighbore ing towns, It was ushered in with the ring ing of bells and salutes. Spocial servicet were held at many of the churches. OBSERVANCES ABROAD, the Day Was Celobrated In Varlous Citics of Europe. [Copyright 1859 by dames Gordon Bennett.) Panis, April 80.—[New York Herald Cablo—Special to Tur Ber, |—The Washing: ton centennary was celebrated yesterday in all the American churches of Paris. At the Episcopal church, in the avenue De L' Alma, the services wero solemnized with great fervor. There was scarcely an American citizen in Paris vesterday who did not 1ift up his voice in praise and thanksgiving for the great benefits that have accrued to his country. At the church for English speak- ing Catholics, in the Avenue Hocho, the usual masses were offered up and the number of communicants was very great. The chief com- memorative service was held this afternoon at the American church in the Rue de Berri. The solemn proceedings were timed to coincide with the uplifting of American hearts in the United Statos. The sacred edi. fico was beautifully decorated. In the chan. cel there were the choicest of flowers, and the majestic pulpit was covered with Amer ican flags. Among those present were Min- ister McLane, Major Rathbone, Consul-Gen. eral Franklin, Licutenant Murphy, Rov. Dr, and Mrs. Brown, Mr. A. A. Anderson, Dr. Thomas Bvans, Dr. Cane, Mr. Van Bergoen, Mr. and Mrs. Lequay, Mrs. Ingalls, Rev, Mr. Royce and Mrs., Thurber. The musical portion of the services wat admirably rendered by a seleet choir, M. Widor, the famous organist of St. Sulpice, presiding at the organ, aided by M. Koenig and M. Gesling. “My Country, 'tis of Thee," and “The Star Spangled Banner," were sung by the whole congregation. The Rev. Edward G. Thurber, D. D., after reaging a passago from the holy scriptures, oficially promulgated the decree of President Harrie son appointing April 80 as a day of pr and thanksgiving commemorative of (ieorge Washington, the first president of the United States. Dr. Thurber’s brief address was very moving. Mr. Robert Mclsane, the American minis- ter, then delivered an eloquent extempore address from the foot of the pulpit, He said thatone hundred years had passed sinca Washington enabled those who lived to-day to form a cooler and more correct judgment, not only of events but of the workers who had figured in a century which had wit- nessed the growth of tho American publio from a period of protracted war until the situation to-day, when the United States had taken a position amongst the nations of the earth. The contrast was indeea great, and the event of to-day was a hurvest song of thanksgiving. The verdict of history had . put everybody in his true place, and especially Washington, The memory of great men had been well defined by a mod- ern writer as the dow’ry of nations, and that of Washington must always be quoted in the schouls of the youth. He may not have had trauscendental abilitics, but ho had thoso great gifts which go to bufld up great na- tions and which had made him the glory of the United States How In Rome. LCopypight 1589 by James Gordon Bennste.) Rome, April 30.—[New York Herald Cuble--Special to Tne Bee.]—The centen- nial was celebrated to-day at the American college with great success. Invitations had been sent out by the rector and a large num-. ber of sympathic guests sat down with the rector and students, The rector was sup- vorted on either side by the ishop ot Rochester, and Mr. Abbott Smith, prefoct of the college, who read President Harvi- son’s proclamation amidst great applause, Mgr. O'Conuell proposed the toast of the day, which was responded to by Mgr. Macquaid, who made a v oloquent and sech on the superiority of the Ameriean nation and institutions, Hedeplored the vast army system of Europe, which ued the lifeblood of the people. He cons wsted the forced military service of the old world with the volunteer service of the United States, and showed that when oceas sion required the Americans could do more than play at being soldiers. The speaker paid amost graceful compliment to the r tor for his personal uprigitness and paternal Kindness to the pupils. The speech abounded in witty sallics, and was sevoral times ap- plauded. Major Huntinedon responded for the army and navy of Amorice, and rondered the al. ready cheerful proceedings still more gay by a vluyful passige of arms with the bishop of Rochester, in which the bishop gained a vie. tory. At 4 o'clock the company dispersed. il A FRIGHTFUL ACCIDENT Rifty People Injured By in Ohicago. Cnicado, April 50.--While over one huns dred thousand people were wit the pyrotechnic display about the big Laike pavi, tonight, a huge, serpentine fire work shot out through the dense mass, scorching and burmug @as it flew. fv split the assembly into two wild and toreified mobs, which struggled and shoved, shricking and erying. Tho lurid light of the display showed the blanchied faces of women, and the sheicks of little children trampled under foot were add deeper groans of muddened men were powerless and wera tossed abont about 2 play things. No e be mude of the number injurod, but is thoughit to b ubout fifty, sou atally Fire Worky ssing being 1o the The police SAMOAN CONFERENC, Mr. Kasson Asks a Very Portd Question Brniy, Aprit 80.-The Beclin states that at the Sumoan conference dny, Mr. IKasson, ono of the Amork gatos asked wihicthor @ secret irout, oxiste’ betweon England and Germany 10 partition botwoen them the Tongi and Suou isluds, and that in roply both sir Edwaed Mulot, the , Hritish ambassador, and Mrince Bismuicw catogorically” donied Ut suelh tioaty oxs ent ubatt yestor- dele- A Big MoNTHEAL, April Lok Bee |- Heary Puillips, ex-munager i in L. Sullivan, and A Malony, # ew rgram Iy Montreal sport, have been comuitted for ! trial for unlawflly possessing temsclyes of £1,400 worth of jewelry belongiug to & | Poronto firm, George Von Reinholz, s traveling salesman for the firm, took the* | jeweiry 1o Montreal, lost it W Phillips in loney's gabling rooms, and fled New i York. Bail vas vefused. Apliication fory | wiit af babeas cospus will be made to-mor catrayed, Citoaco, April 20.—The Windsor theaver o the North Side was destroyed by five to, nighty loss §15,000. Thiee firve were in | e on