Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, January 4, 1889, Page 3

THAYER'S BIENNIAL, The Governor's Measage Delivered Before the Legislature. STATE PROGRESS AND NEEDS. Inoreased Funds Necossary to Run the Public Institutions. BETTER ASSESSMENT LAWS, One Fund Recommended For Both County and State. THE QUESTION OF RAILROADS. Recommendation An EI Liecse's curred In tation Board lice Con ission-—-A 'or the Militia, The Message. or TATIVES: GENTLEME! Rerne Und you are permitted to meet in the twent slature of the state of Ne is a_subject of congratulation Bsession of the I braska, It THE SENATE AND ot Con- ive Transpor The Omaha Po- Plea Hovse or r the blessings of Divine Providence first that you meet under such favorable auspices, v that have pre losed, ger During the ye led. and prosperity of the husbandman have been follow and on every side there s of general contentment and satis- our coased, to y ‘safely as. confidence in shall puard nd Awmeri- bountiful crovs, evide faction. The quadrennial —cle be succeeded, one “m: sume, by 'm healihy perminent publie policies” whic and foster American industrics can labor. Unde: excitement of tion has al he The lubors Ith 1 with ara national the influence of fixed systems it is reasonable to anticipate a new impetus to be given to the ursuits, to be followed by provement in all our material hitherto reached. The constitution exceutive at scasion of the legislature to furnish jon of our public affs the adoption of such as, in his judgment, will best sub- nterests of the state and promoto the condi recommend mentof whd to measur serve the the public welfare. FINANCES. various branches ol gree of im- interests noy business makes it the duty of the the opening of each bicnninl te- rs, sl Your attention is invited to the reports of the tre of pubiic clear id monwealth, The treasurer is the general rcounts, which will asurer of the state and of the auditor give you a of the financial affairs of thé com- receiver and disburser of all the public funds, while the auditor is the general state. accountant of the The reports of these officers contain mplete and mostvaluable information in rogard to the finances, which are, of course, of deepest interest to the people. It will be your duty to give to them an exnaustive ex- amination. I believe the financial condition of the state to be highly satisfactory. REPORT OF THE STATE TI Balance in treasury 50, 1886, .. : vember 30, 1585... o Total receipts Disbursements December 1, 1556, 10 November 30, 1585...." Balance in treasur 80, 1888, ... November 30, I888....... State tax received from countie: Revenues from jand and other sources. ... Transfers from other funds. ... . Disbursements during the same Legislative appropriations war- rants redeemed. . School fund apportionment wai rants redeemed. .. . Bonds purchased and mi ous. Transfors 2 Disbursements greater than ceipts Balance in’ treasury November 30, 1886..... ance in tre 80, 1888...4.... November, L......$ 036,208.72 Receipts during the fiscal term to 1,681,1: 268,200.01 ASURLR, November o $ 04475276 Receipts December 1, 1886 to No- 4,244,592, 45 6 4,214,552.08 2,290,066.55 .. 1,000,625.18 604,002.19 268,299.06 8,054.04 044,352.76. 930,208.73 Balances November 30, 1888, of the various funds on and in the ure General Sinking.. ... ... School, permanent, School, temporary . University, permanent. University, temporary...... Agricultural colloge endowment, Insane hospital... Normal endowment, Normal interest... .. Normal library..... State library Universit, Capitol building. . Institution for feeb Live stock indemnity Saline Land stockyard. Saline . Capital sale of state lots, Total...ovee coreee REVE ‘The assessed valuation of the erty of tho state in ND TAXATION. axable prop- 1857 was $160,506,205.25, office of state treas- [i 181,68 1,624.52 4,100.00 1,385.00 1,455.67 57.57 1,008.10 1,150.. being an increase of $10,51,605.74, us com: pared with the assessment of 1556, 1588 gave the value of The assessment of the property of the state for the purposes of taxation at $176,012,820.45 crease for two years' of &) giving a total in- 080,219,904, Tho rate of taxation for stato purposes for the year 1887 was 8!¢ mills, and for the yoar 188 734 mills on each dollar has been coll of $2,286,93 General fund. Sinking fund. School fund. ... University fund. Penitentiary fund State bond fund . apitol brilding fund Reform school building Normal building fund.......5.. . Tnstitute for feeble-minded fund. Live stock indemnity fund....... O ey The levy of 1857 will ‘yi amounts: General fund, 4 9-10 mil Sinking fund, 4-S mill School fund, 1 mill University fund, % mill Capitol fund, 6.8 mill.... . Reform school fund, '¢ mill Institute for fecblo sninded fund, Livestock indemuity fund,2 Smill Total. ., The lov) amounts : General fund, 4 93100 mills....... Swking fund, 1-6 mill School fund, 4-5 mill. . s University fund, 4 will, Capitol fund, 6.8 mill.... Reform school fund, i miil.."", Iustitute feeble wminded fund, i mill...... . Live siock mill, Total.. . 0f 1558 ‘wili “yield ti valuation, and there ted during that tilie the sum , 256,081 89 following 20,003.24 40,126,453 $571,008.63 27,500.49 140,001,87 06,004:50 132,000.60 22,001,60 22,001.60 Appropriations asked for ‘the op ting expenses of the state government to March 81, 1891, and for additional improvements as estimated by heads of respective depart- ments or the state auditor, and by the heads of public institutions, are as follows: islative expenses 21st ses- CLYTITN Governor's oftice. Adjutant general.. ... Commissioner of labor, Secretary state. ... Auditor public accounts. ... dent of public instru Attorney goner: .re Commissioner of public lands and buildings RS Board of public lands and build- . $ 180,000.00 18,800.00 6,200.00 4,200.00 19,100.00 31,100.00 12,000.00 18,325.00 12,500.00 80,050.00 65,840.00 Board of educational lands and [T PPN ‘ Board of purchase and suppli Supreme conrt Stato 1brass District court Normal sehool Penitentiary ..., < Hospital for insane, Linc Hospital for insane, Norfolk Asylum for insane, Hastings 147,630.00 Industrial school. . ... ceeve - 215,308.00 Institute for blind 44,100.00 Institute for deat and dumb 73,150.00 Home for the friendless ¥ 500,00 Industrial home. ... A 59440, 00 sldjers’ and sailors’ Home 150,500.00 Institute for ble minded 146,52, Live stock sanitary T0.00 State board of transportation 10.450.00 Fish commission 16,000.00 State b of pharmacy T04.50 State university 000.00 Miscelianeous 10,030 00 $,396.00 500,00 46,910.00 16,000.00 162,319.00 100,00 commission Total Lioenenenes s 82,800,304.5 Ttems 1n detail will be found m the repor of the auditor, This, as compared with th ates of two years ago, is an_increase of 5 is ensily accounted for growth of th state, new institutions, cte. These estimates cover the furnishing and the running ex penses for the next two years of the new institutions created by the fegislature of two years ago and for the new buildings now asked for, DESIIE OF COUNTIES TO ESCADE STATE TAXA TION~ONE FUND FOR COUNTY AND STATE Under our present law governing assess ment of property for taxation, in my opinion there 1s “just cause for complaiut, and in a majority of cases the trouble arises with a desire on the part of the counties to escapo as nearly as possible taxation for state pur- poses. The auditor, whose duty by law is to make such recommendations as he may sce fiy for securing umformity and efficiency in the levying and collection of taxes, has recom mended that the law be 8o amended that in stead of lovying astae tax to be extended upon the tax listof a county, ‘a certain sum ob- tained by proportion after an equalization of property values has been made by the o board of assessment, be certified to by the different counties and paid into the stato treasury in quarterly payments, That for the support of poth county and state there bo but one fund. This recommend it scems to me, i a step in the right direction to simplify the work and entirely do away with the strife to escape taxation The assessed valuation of all property in the state for the year 1835 was $176,012,520.25, while if property had been assessed in its true value, this amount would have been ten times as large. The auditor in his report shows a large in erease of insurance business in his office and recommends an additional deputy to take charge of that business. In my opinion the recommendation 18 a good one, and [ trust the samo will meet your approval. AMOUNTS PAID TO THE STATE ON PURLIC LANDS, 1 have roceived from the treasury of the United States, two drafts, one for $37,080,67, the other £19,034.50, winch were paid over to the stat surer for which [ hold receipts These funds were found to be due the state ]I'nr‘ll\vfi;\l‘l' cent of the sales of the public ands. DEPARTMENT OF TuE ARY OF STATE “The roport of the se v of state pre sents a comprehensive showing of the busi ness and labors of his department during the last two ye It gives a succmnct history of all the institutions of the state, the cost of the bulldings, the value of the lots occupied by them, and a mass of valuable information, which is thus placed within tho reach of overy en who takes an interest in what- ever concerns the honor and welfare of the state. It furnishes conclusive evidence of the wonderful development of material in- terests and the remarkable progress and en- largement of all business enterprises. As an evidence of the rapid increase of business in his oftice, it may be stated thav there were recorded in 1555 and 86, 271 avti cles of wcorporation, while in 'S7 and 8% there were recorded 516, Total number of bonds recorded in 1835 and 'S6, 2,25%: in 1557 and 'S8, 4,80, Number of notarial commissions issued in 188580, 1,560, Number 1ssued in 1887 and 1888, 2,231, ‘There were recorded in his office 200 more pages of written matter in the last two yes than in the preceding fourteen years. facts illustrate the increase in business in all tho public offices. The report gives the average cost per week of the inmates of all our state institutions, It recommends that a property account be kept by every ofticer of furniture and sup- plies in his custody, which, shall be inven- toried to his successor, and receipts taken from him. It also recommends that pro- vision be made for the sale of all abandoned property, or which has become apparently useless. ' I concur in these recommendations. PUBLIC LANDS AND BUILDINGS, The report of the commissioner of publ lands and buildings furnishes a large amount of valuable information in regard to the di ferent institution and properties of the state, especially in regard to the school lands and funds. The tabulated statement shows that the number of acres granted and confirmed to the stato for educational purposcs is 3,303 acres; 162,051.60 have been ed, leaving’ a balance of =~ 2,722,346.3+ acres, title to which is yet vested in the state. There are now under contract of sale 630,454.16 acres, and under lease contract, 1,497,460.10 acres, and 05543199 ncres that not yet been leased or sold. The in- crease in the permanent school fund in the last two years has been about 13 4-5 per cen "There is now invested in United States secur ties_and registered county bonds the sum of $1,807,142.35, unpaid principal on sales $4,432.04851, and cash on hand in the treas- ury $203,60210, making a_grand total of the permanent fund of $6,532792.95. Pursuant to an act of the legislature approved March 31, 1887, the board of educational lands or- dered a reappraisement of the unsold educa- tional lands in about thirty counties. From the returns received a marked increase in value is shown, being more than double that of former appraisement. ATTORNEY GENEKAL'S DEPARTMENT. The report of this oficer furnishes a state- ment of the business transacted in his de- partment during the pust two years, Sixty cases have been heard beforé the supreme court in which the state appeared as plaintift or defendant. The attorney general 1n his report suggests that I call the atteution of the legislature to the great injury that would result to the peo ple of Nebraska should the bill now pending in congress become a law (meaning the bill providing for an extension of time of tho payment of the dcbt now due the govern- ment from the Union Pacific railway com- pany), and to ask that our senators and rep- resentatives in congress be requested by you 0 oppose such & vill, ‘Theattorney genera t further says: “The ouly fair method of solving this great Union Pacific problem 1s to declare tne road in- solvent and to order it sold for cash, and then the state could control it.”” After discussing the matter further, he says: 1 huve challeaged your |my) atten tion to the above facts for the pur- pose of having you [me] insugurate some method to determine this much-vexed question, and if, through our executive and legislative departments, our congressmen can be made to act i behalf of the stato of Nebraska, the day is not far distant when the whole railroad problem will be sottled in this state, the same as in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York and other states.” 1t will thus be seen that the attorney gen- eral asks me to inauguratea method by which this whole vexed question can be de- rmined, while he had just previously de- clared the sale of the ro: Ly the govern- ment to the highest bidder for cash to be the only fair method of solving this great Union Pacific problem: I am frank to ad- mit that I am not equal to the task of adjudicating this controversy, which has vexed the statesmanship of con- gress and the country for several years, It may be easily settled on paper—it may be readily disposed of by a dash of the pen—it may be luid wo rest by a simple assertion, but ‘When it comes to a practical, permanent ad- justment of the matter, it is more than prob- able that very grave dificultics may con- front those who attempt tho settlement. What becowmes of ths first mortgage bondsi ‘Who liguidates the first indebtedness? 1t must be borne in mind that the government holds only the second lien upon the road and its franchises. If the government should pay off or assume the prior indobtedness, it would undoubtedly fina itself far more deeply involved than before, for this indebt- eduess, both principal and interest, must now amount to more than fifty millions, I submit this wmatter to your honorable body without making the recommendation proposed, for the reasen that I am not clear that the extreme weasures advocated by him are the ones to afford the necessary relief; but on the contrary, I fuar more disastrous cousequences L0 the goveruweut if they SALES OF THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: FRIDAY, should be adopted. My own judgment is | adverse to such a recommendation. Further- more, congress has the supreme and only | control of the whole sunject, and at this very time that body has it under consideration In the discussion of this question I divest myself of all partiali hip, prejudi and_hostility, sce neither applanse o1 evadi condemnation But while declining recommendations to you, 1 distinctly assert that the Union Pacific railw und every other railway and corporation dbing busi ness in this state must be subject to the constitution and W of this state, No corporation caun rise abovi the Jurisdiction of the state in which it transacts business. The Union Pacific can not claim thae it is a for chartered by congress, and therefore exempt from the operations of state luws, and yet claim the right of eminent domain in the state and the protection of its laws. This vie sustained by the decision of the su preme court of the United States, 8 Otto's Reports, page 619, Railroad Com pany vs Peniston, which' says “that tho company is 1\ mere creature of the United States, but that while it owes du to the government, the performan of which may i a proper case be enforced, it is still a private corporation, the same as othe rallroad companies, und, like them, subject to the laws of taxation and the o rlaws of the states in which the road lies, so far as they do not destroy its usefulness as an in striment for government purposes.” Sustained by this decision, 1 am utterly averse to any action of ours which shall €0 de the absence of jurisdiction ¢ part of the etate. That policy should be ously pursued in connection with this r which will best promote and pr rights and interests of the government and the people. This kind of s nont which the Union Pacific makes with govern ment does not interest the people of Nebraska nearly as much as the question of lower and reasonable rates, In the bill now before the Pacific railroad funding bill (for extend ing the time of payment), to which refer. ence has already bee le, there is a pro- vision subjecting the company to the power of the states through which the road runs in respect of state legislation and controlativm ing the decision above quoted. And yet your interposition 18 sought to aid in defeating that measure. In rogard to our delegation in congress, T have this to say, that [ havealways fouud its members ready and anxious 1o carry out tho will of their constituents. In regard to all railronds in this state, this principle, this richt, must be asserted and maintained -namely, that no higher schedule of rates shall exist in Nebraska than prevails in Kansas or lowa, orother states, The board of transportation now possessos full power, 1f, howev anything is wanting, it should be given them, The members of the board ciosen by the people. I recommend the adoption of a constitu tional amendment providing for the election of the members of the board, three in num- ber, by u direct vote of the people. THE NATIONAL GUARDS, The report of the adjutant general will [ you full information as tothe condi- tion and operations of the national guar siuce the law providing for its maintenance and increase went into effect on tho 1st of July, 1887, Under that act one regiment of infantry was organized and added to the force, also one troop of cavalry, thus forming a brigade consisting of two regiments of infantry, onc of a battery of artillery, and one troop of cavalry, the whole numbering 1,200 men, New uniforms have been purchased for the whole command, also new arms and equipments for all, though a part of the arms were furnished by the general government and the balance was purchased by the state. These expenditures have largely incre the cost of the national guards for the two years ending the st of July nex! The two regiments are now armed with ne: muskets, and the cavalry are furnished with new equipuments, with the exception of car to concur in thoso adopted and ongress, known as should be | and ign corporation | n volume | bines. Reasonable appropriations ouly are asked for the support of the national guards, It may be stated that the annual expense of the militia in Nebraska is considerably less than in several states which have a less number of mhabitants. In accordance with the provisions of the law, an encam pment of a week's duration was held in Lincoln in 1857 and in Wahoo ‘in 1888, These encampments are designed to be and_were schools of instruction, and the two which have been held certainly proved to be of much advantage to officers und men. Their whole time was constantly occupied in hard work in both drill and battalion move- ments, The command is composed of excellent personncl and material. They are a body of intelligent, encrgetic, and public-spirited young' men, and nat- urally take an’ interest in scemng the guards raisedtoa greater degreo of profi- ciency. 5 That the clamor emanating from _certamn quarters against the national guards is not the expression of the popular will is evi- denced by the fact that a_ spirit favorable to the military organization is manifested in every community where companies are lo- cated. Applications from more than sixty different towns and cities have been made to me asking for authority to be organized into companies to be admitted mto tne guards, which have been declined. The constitution of the United States expressly provides for the organization and use of the militia of the several states, and the constitution of ever, state in theunion also provides militia. “These constitutional provisions prove, con- clusively, that in the judgment and wisdom of the able men who framed our national constitution, and the constitutions of the states, a well-trained militia was regarded by them as a necessary safe-guard under our form of government. We maintain no stand- ing army, as that term is used by the nation, Our regulararmy is but the nuclcus around which to gather a strong force in time of war. Our reliance in such an emergency upon the volunteer soldiery , and more practiced and trained it the more efficient it will its scrvices should be required. The wained militia of the older states furnished excellent material, in both officers and men, for active service, when the nation was sud- denly confronted with the horrors of civil war in 1561, Congress aimed to increase and strengthen the militia as showvn by the act passed some three or four years ago,doubling the quota of allowance to cach state, and by authorizing the details of officers of the regu. lar army to act as instructors in the military art in the universities, colleges and schools of the different states, A nation's surest guarantee agaiust war is in bewg amply prepared for war, And what is true of the nation is applicable toa stute, That state which is best prepared to sup- press riol and insurrection is the least likely to b a upon to employ the mili- tary arm w sustain the civil ‘authorities. This is econow,’ for the state. The expense of prevention s slways far less than the cost of cure, The military power must ever be in com- plete subjection to the civil power. It can only be called into requisition as an aid and support to the civil authority, When that is subverted and overthrown then this reserve force of the state must employed to reinstate and support the civil authority, and to protect life aud proporty. It “may be called out,” says the coustitution and stututes, “to execute the laws, suppress insurrcction, riots, aud repel invasion,” Such emergencies have arisen in all the states. Within a year the governor of the state of Kansas was obliged to put into the fleld two regiments of state troops to put down an actual war between the adlherents of two rival couuty seats, in whioh several persons had been slain, The gov- ernor of Wisconsin was compelled two years ugo to have recourse to the national guards of the state to suppress an anarchistic insurrection. What has occurred may oceur again, It cannot be denied that a spirit of anarchy exists in many of our citics, 1t s a lodgment in this state. There is a nest of anarchists in Omaha. It 1s only kept in subjection by wholesome fear of the law and the power of the state to enforce it, It is fed by demagoguism. It is nurtured by those who care naught for the public good. Governed by no correct priuciples, they flourish best in times of excitement, for their purpose is to create strife, incite dis- order, intlame the passions and prejudices ot the unreasoning, and_thus weaken the safe- guards of society. Those who create aud excite mobs are opposed to the existence of any power to suppress them. They would be best satistied were the restraints of law and order to be overthrown. These men are the pests of society, Some one has tersely written that “if the demagogues were hung there would be no anarchists to hang.” BYATE UNIVERSITY, ‘The niuth aanual report of the board of re- gonts of tha university presents a concise statement, of the affairs of this institution, which appears to be in a prosperous condi tion. It has made rapid growth in every de- partment, save in the medical branch, which was suspended in 1587, - The number of stu ients has been increasing regularly. The enrollment for the _te 15t closed shows 136 in the collegest 196 in the preparatory de partr and ninetysfour 1 tho school of iversity stands at tha head of the public school = system of stato, should be dir con nected with the high and common schools It has already effeeted such a connection with twon n-high schools in different portions of tho stah, and graduates from these are admitted to rogular standing in the university without further examination, upon the presentation of their diplomas, This relation between the university and the public s one which w 1ti mately prove of great benefit to the state and to our young men and _women in secur- ingto them the opportunity of preparing themselves fora full university education The university library about cleven thousand volumes It gives me great pleasure to state my con viction that this institution nas, during the past few years, made ravid advaticement up her erade and rar among the educa. institutions of the country. Itis ox a healthy influcnce upou education ghout the state. It is an influence which is felt not only for the present, but through all time. All'the people of the state must feel an interest in its success and pr pority and a pride in its good name It de- serves your fostering eare, for its advantages are open o all the children of the state. PUBLIC EDUCATION Tn no commonwealth in oue union 18 there amore goneral intercst in_education than in our state. The report of the state suporin tendent of public instruction shows the schiools to be in a very prosperous condition. i total amount contributed for public edu cation for j od reachiod the sum of £4,057 1.00, an increase of §934,650.84 over the amount of the provious ye: The value of school property is reported at & 170 for 15883 #1770, 116,22 for 1537 317 for 1886" The total has increased from 19 in 1858 One of tho most_striking features of the rapid growth in our educational systom is th marvelous increase in our town and city graded schools. In 186 there were 188 graded and partial lod city and town chool In 1888 243 such sche are regu larly reported 1o the stato superintendent These reports should reccive careful study, showing as thoy do for the first time, the education ~ afforded, the condition of finances and th ner capita of education in_the cities and towns. The schools {n tho rural making commendable pro united effort is being made to bring a por cout of all children into schaol, 1on to wive them a systematic course of instruction. T were 8 per cent of the entire numl school ehilllren in the state actuallly school in 1583, Tn 18§ ©cent att Seventy-fi counties held teachers' normal institntes during the summer of 1558, These institutes were 1 by 6,458 toacher who received training and instruction from the best schoolnen, to establish a higher professional standing among teachers, th the schools and pupils may receive corr sponding bencfits. The condition of our fund is as follow Cash on hand Nov. 30, 83...... .§ 270,603.7 United States bonds. 00,00 County bonds........ 200.00 State funding bonds 7,35 Claims in atty. gen's hands. . 5,3, Bal. due o notes fiom sale of chool lands i s aro permanent school 8,053.203.41 Total.. sl THE STATE NORMAL No public_institution of the state is more descrving of the fostering c; of the legisla- ture than the State Normal school located at Peru. Four 3 s found neces. sary to enlarge mater Normal school building in order to meet a rapidly '3 attendance and to glve such facilities for the education and training of the teachers, as nded by the growing importance of our sch S. - The aggregate attendance for the last twi years was 645, There were graduated from the elementary and adyanced department 111 teachers, nearly all of whom are now en gaged as instructors it the schools of the state. The attendance for 1837 was 453 and for 155, 492, There are 310 students in the nor- mal classes the present term besides fort the training classes whose names o not " ap- pear in the catalogue. As the advantages of employing teach- ers specially trained - for their voca- tion becomes the demand for such teachc creases until every part of the state participates dircctly or indi- rectly in these advantages, That the normal school may be prepared to meet these demands and take a fore most 1ank in the onward movement, I bespeak for it the continued gencrous patronage of the legislature. T § The report ou the lib: ber of Volumes on hand at date of last re- port.,. .. Received by exchanige, donation, et Supreme court reports............. LIBRARY. rian shows the num- Total... g Supremo court reports sold and dis- bursed ............ Dupiicates and session laws sold and exchanged. ... : v Laws, journals and documents seat to othér states and pubiic libraries. ... e 5,930 25,510 Total...... Volumes on hand . e NEW LIGRAKY ROOMS, The new rooms set apart for the perma- nent quarters of the library in the mam building of the capitol are ready for occu- pancy, but no appropriation has been mado or is yet available from which funds can ‘be drawn to move the library and to furnish the rooms as well as those set apart for the supreme court. A sufticient appropriation is asked to cover these exponses, BUREAU OF LABOK. The deputy commissioner of labor presents a comprehensive and exhaustive report on the various subjects relating to the aim and purposes for which the bureau was estab- lished. His report, discusses the following subject: Rise and progr of the bureau of labor, labor organizations, views of labor- ing men, strikes, arbitration, manual trai ing, compulsory education, farmors opinions on necded legislation, prison labor statistics, farm areas, tenure and value of crops, comparative valueof farm proaucts, of Inanufacturing establishments, railroad reports, wuges, farmers' reports and statis- tics. It is to be hoped thut the extensive re searches made by the deputy commissioner on these ous subjects, will prove of much benefit in so shaping legislation as to advance the in- torests of the laboring classes wherever legislation is needed. ARBITRATION, Conflicts still arise botween employers and employes. In my judgment the establishing of & board of arbitration'is the most prffo- tacable plan for the settlument of these difli- culties and which woald be fair and just to he interest of both parties. I thereforc ccommend the establishmeut of such a board. ) SOLDIER'S TOME, The Soldier's home wus completed for the reception of mmates on the first of July last and it now has fifty-two. The report of the commandaut presents the operations of the nhome thus far. Ivis made y home in reality where old soldiers can live in comfort and tranquility. [ It stands to the honor of Nebraska that this state was anong -the first to establish a home for the soldiers:where families are not separated. In order to accommodate fami- lies it is proposed to erect cottages on tracts of land of say two ana one-hal f or five o8, which may be cultivated by raising vegeta- bles, ete., by the soldiers. ~The plan seems far wore preferable than gatheriug together many familics and other inwmates in one building. The main building can be occupied by those who huve no faonlies. According to the best estimates which can ve formed we may calculate on an average of 250 to 500 inmates at the establishment. To accommo- date them it will be necessary to add two wings to the present main building or to erect another main building or two buildings in addition to the cottages. There was donated to the state by the citizens of Grand Island the munificent gift of 640 acres of land on which 10 establish the home. This tract of land is equal in value o the original awovLl appro priated by the legislature. “I'he state thus far, therefore, has been reimbursed for its outlay of #30,000. Liberal appropristious will be ueeded w0 enlurge tho capucities of JANUARY 4, 1889 the -institution and mako it commensurate with the demands that will be made upon it 1 trust you will deal withi it in a liberal spirit Congress enacted a law at its last session providing for tho payment to cach state which has a soldiers” home, $100 a year for each inmato of that home, This will aid largely in the payment of the run ox penses of this institution, The present struc ture is among the best in the state of our public buildings, and was erected under the immediate supervision of the commundant Captain John Hammond, who has organized the institution and has put it on a_ successful running hasis THE HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE. The report of the superintendent Nebraska hospital for the insane will that thero were prosent December 1, 1330, 374 patients, 227 malos and 147 females; that there have been admigted 421 during the two yoars, 394 males and 197 fomales; that the have been discharged 403: recovered, males, 71 females, total 163; improve: males, 17 females, total 40; unimproved, males, '8 females, total 30; cloped, 6 malcs, females, total 6; not insane, 3 malos, males, total 6; diod milos, 24 f al 50; transferred to Norfolk, 54 males, 43 femaios: total 973 wholo number under treatuient, first vear 570, socond year, 6185 average number daily under. treatment for the two yoars, 880i: percontage of recover ies on whole number admitted in two years 30.0: porcentage of deaths on whole nimber under treatment, first year, £.04; for' the two ' years, number in _ hospital A in the hospital Novembor males, 214, and femalos, 173; total > for maintenance per capita, $24 wunualiy, #4.60 weokly. Ilhie report also sots forth the fact that the Nospital would be erowded with 500 patients, and that there had boen present as many as 114 at 1t will be evident from these statements that, even with tho most _stre wous exertion, it must be dificult for the phy sicians to do full justice, cither to the patients or themselves, The report also shows that the hospital does not the facilities for properly classifying pationts under ment, owing to tho limited nuwb 1t uryres strongly the necessity for additional and much smaller wards NORFOLK ASYLUM FOI THE INSANE, The report of the superintendent furnishes a complete history of the affairs of this insti tution, which was completed and opened for the admission of patients on the 1bth duy of February, 1858, Pursuant to the provisions of the law the board of pubhc lands and buildings set uside the followingr territory to comprise the Norfolk asylum district, to wit The following countivs, Auntelope, Blaine, Boone, Box Butte, Brown, Burt, Codar, Cummg, Dakota, Dawes, whield, Greeloy, Holt, Koya ox, Loup, Madison, Nance, Pierco, Platte, Sheridan, Sioux, Stanton, Thomas, Valioy, Washington, Wayne and’ Wheele All inmates praska hospital for the insane at Lincoln who were originally resi dents of the above named countics. were transfered from Lincoln to Norfolk. On the 15th day of Iebruary, 1588, a transfer of ninety-s fifty-four males and forty-th 5 L the No braska hospital at Lincoln to Norfolk by a special train in charge of the superintendent of the Nebraska hospital for the insane. The transfer was safely made and without accident. The total number of paticnts under treatment since the opening of the hospital has been 149, During tho year there have been fifty-two new cases admitted in the Norfolk asylum district. The two new wings provided for by an act of the last legistature _have been completed and are now ready for oceupancy. When they are furnished, these wings will accommor patients. The Lincotn and Norfolk asylums are now filled to their utmost capacity. The two wines at Norfolk and the asylum for the incurable at Hastings, which are nearing completion, will relieve the pressure for the present: but it must be borne in mind that after these- new buildings are filled, ther will still bo a large number of insane persons in poor houses and jals throughout the state not yet ~ provided for. ‘There is one satifsetory conelusion in conne the broportion is far below most of the other st; The United States census of 1350_shovs that there was onc insane to overy 45 of population. More recen statistics indicate that vhe proportion at pr cat is probably ouc in 500 or less. Aust has one in 369, Kngland one in 36 setts one in New York one in 350, Cali fornin one in #70. Nebraska (cstimated) ac- cording to the rumber of our insanc, and the populution, one in 1,000. This estin made by Dr. Knapp, of the Lincoln asylum, who has given the subject much attention. The superintendents of taese institutions— tho Lincoln and Norfo'k asylums—have done all that possibly could be done to meet the constantly incréasing demands made upon them to provide for additonal patients. And I can say for the satisfaction of relatives and fricuds ‘of inmates, that every thing which kinduess and intelligence, devoted care and- attention could do for their comfort has been doue. ASYLUM FOR INCURABLES AT HASTINGS This bullding is fast appr comple tion: but an appropriation will be ne ry for furnishiug and fitting it for the reception of paticnts. A Lo the amount nccessary ref- erence is made to the estimates. INDUSTRIAL HOME AT MILFORD. This building is nearly ready for use, but an appropriation will be necessary in order to furnish it and prepare 1t for occupancy. INSTITUTE FOR THE DEAF AND DUM. The institute for the deaf and dumb located at Omaha, during the last two years has made good progress in the work for which it was organized and is sustained. There have been 150 children cared for and in- structed during this period. It is the design of this institute to give 1ts pupils a good common school education; also to instruct each in some handicraft, by which they may be enabled to gain a liveli- hood on leaving school. This institute was the first in the country jto introduce what is known as the aural method of instructing purtially deaf children, and was the first in America to establish a scperate ‘“auricular department.” [t will thus be seen that in the methods of instructing this unfortunate class of our country, Nebraska is awmong the advance guard. INSTITUTE FOR THE BLIND AT NEBRATKA CITY, There have been admitted to the olind in- stitute during the biennial term ending No- vember 3), 1838, thirty-one blind children, who for the first time have enjoyed the ad- vantages of the institution, and the total en- rollment has reached fifty-six. The number present at this date is forty-one. The work in the several departments has progressed steadily and in a satisfactory wannor. The rezular school dopartment is organized upon the same general plan, and the course of study pursuea is identical to that of our best public schools. It embraces among the higher branches, algebra, geome ry, physics, astronomy, rhetoric and Bog- lish literature, and is ordinarily completed in nine years, The report in detail will bo found of much interest. INSTITUTION FOR FERBLE-MINDED YOUTHS, The report of the superintendent of the in- stitution for feeble-minded youths exhibits the condition and needs of ‘the institution, 1t was opened for the reception of inmates May 25, 1557, rapidly filling up until the full capacity of the present building was reached. There are mnow 143 upplications for admission, The building just comploted and ready to occupy will accommodate sov- enty-two hoys. This will not increase the capacity of the institution to that cxtent, however, as the increased number will re- quire more room in the present building for dining rooms, school rooms, ete. Thus it will be scen that the two buildings already erected will not be sufficient to accommodate those for whomn applications have been made up 10 this time. The number of inmates at present is seventy. The school department has been organized but little more than a vear, Three teachers have been employed, "Phe results of the training have be oxpectation, All show improvement in dis- position and deportment. Individual work is necessary with all, and it ulone will ac complish any result in the beginuing. Tho mothods used aro as nearly as possiblo adapted to the peculiar needs of each child, much prominence being given to object teaching and kinder- garden work in connection with physical work, such as gymnastics and calisthenics, The law provides that the most improvable cases between the ages of five und ejgiteen shall Lo given preference over others iu admission. The most unfor- tunate and helpless, and those over eightoe rears of age, have been practically deburred by this clause, being compelled by reason of the crowded condition of the institution to reject all such applications. He says au asylum department for the care of these pe sons, who are nov suitable subjects for the training school, should be established in con- nection with the institution at an early day. There are at least two hundred of this class in the state. They are distributed in county poor houses, and in homes made cheerless wud in suwe cases aven desolate by reasou of of the show Dighest e tin of i tho great care nocessars for their mainten- | forced and is giving satisfaction making life a burden to fat mothor, and even preventing the and training of their mora fortunato brothers superintendent hundred foebl ymmends that prevent the sale of one grade of oil for that of The inspector | “water white mmands a h markot than aro demonstra made to protect th that the instit ual and useful wenrding the appointment wa law, whero chango in the | STRIAL SCToo! knowa as the stat ntil the session of the 1 is in a prosperous and It is oporated unde tho state inspector ver of deputios bo regulated according This institutio nsoquontly I think the et the best sorvice pos result of the op- n from the congro the school roont ions, amuse ng reading.the | conmission. the operations of natchories ar fully set forth in their detailed work of the forward gurin kind words and firm discip good home and i althy food, such asis characte and comfortable of young fish, threc sloeping apart 18 provided for the othing, beds, ments are furnishod ral reformation and physical develop, cach inmate has an common school education ticable, cach 18 req bodding and the state hatcherios durin 560,100 in ti All'of these fish have boen plar strenms of the state in transportation has be cehtage of loss 0 loss than oh spocies of fish handlod during the year 1883 is cyed ike fry, 430,000; brook trout fr 1 to attend sc self-improvement 2 neods of this wsystom of workshops, in each inmate of can learn a useful wnd prac aperintendent, in his repo horriug fry Tn addition to the mission obtained Colonel McDonald, Unito sioner of fish and fisheries, 60,000 native fishos of the consisting of bass, o5 and pore! from Illinois into the The organic law contomplatos establishmont; the interest mates demand them pects them,” — There ave now in attenda 1 deposited in ‘Ulioso fish were year and over old. we have an Lundred by four vize part of theswat- I'e present attendance shows a net in- | 300,000 cach, ase of 100 over that Since the organization of the school, & d and this was the rc sults of the teac rom a few months to death has occurs It will bo borne wdred miles; that a ers to be stocked lies west of the sixth p of one hundr miles from-the ha mit of the carrying of and training of this 10 assert that 7 cent of those honorably discharge From personal vis neipal moridian, a four_hundred cries, and 100 far to ad- ho young fish safely only meéthod with nmission, na 1 current re n aro kindly tre they have a good contigent the childr their behalf, ely, the ordin- or by o special mes advise that encouraging support | ble information work requires. 3 aflords “ineon’ success in this good s number of letters annexed to 1to the skeptical a source this subject. The commission have boen attended atifying success, and they at utility to thi Many of our str stocked with various kinds of lave become an important elemeat of food in Some have stocked ponds for raising fish for the re reaping a fair v The fish commissioners deserve encouragement at your both by lett o report of the home for the friendless s what has been done by that tion for the last two years, inmates in hom admitted siuce.. . December, 1586 of wmstructive reading upon 375 | labors of th with very g peopleof the com- s have been sh, and thoy Numberof children sur monwealth, placed 1 homes, ned to friends for whom work was found sent to other institutions Number of deatls.. rd on their in Total....ucus umber now in home, © to this work with- or hope of roward. ‘Their lubors have i 5 been entirely unselflsh, and for tho Iu this fnstitution the waifs of hunianity vlo homes and kind, HOARD OF TRANSPORTATION. The report of the board of transportation shows that at tho time of the taking effect s the board of transporta- re were three ca uding before the Doard of i date thirty formal ts have been filed thirty-three considor until June 30, 1588, these cases wi find comfor rge arc imitating the example of | of the law creatis their Divine Master in relieving humau suf- gathering in and saving the their institution is i reality the > who huve no home. will regard 1t with favorable consideration, PENITENTIARY “The report of the wardenof the pemitentiary the accompanying statisties pres with minute details the aff, of that institution into the penitentiary s lished. 1,465 convicts been discharg number of de homo of thos r 20, 1555, five of still pending and’ undeter Deen dismissed, four had becu withdrawn by the complainants, and twenty ave beonreceiv cided in favor of th it has been estab- compluinants, aud the in_cach caso hs rricd into effect. s many informal complaints made the form of letters, ered by the board, and has had jurisdiction has succeeded in socuring a satisfactory ad- justment of the differe RALLKOAD FREIGIT KATH While raitrond freight rat sity to the people, the people are_a nee The relations they sustain mutual and should bo leuving in prison. N S: number in > been cousid- of the subject matter it . committment durin ending November 30, number discharged Importaut changes and improvements since the last bicunial re- story brick building 2x300 foot, nd is now fully oceupicd ve been made ! to the railroads. ach other must be s0 adjusted that the int be promoted has been erceted, by work shops, “This building adds largely to the e working departments improvements have been made which the eflicieney, Measures should bo and protected. in_railroad property have a on their invest: have resulted comfort and security. taken to give a better system of sewerag eward for their labor, which ailways.should so hants, and all them, can do so and receive a husiness, The tablish and en- LIVE STOCK SANITARY Tho work of the Ii been quietly and st on during the two years last results therofrom, as embodied in the report recently submitted, show a benefit to the farmers and_ stock casily caleulated. The law creating this board proved an excellent one in_its ge nd adaptability who ship ove remunerative profit' from their power of the legislature to es force reasonable’ chiarges on the y rs has been fully of the supreme court, iscd in all mission has tablished by a Nebraska not ud that power eral purposes uts of the poople wiust be prote have been adopted for the purpose of introduction mom and Texas fever, that four outbreaks of curred during the last two years, but in each case _owners which had been into this stal tious of the pleuro-pucu- The roport shows spoale through the legi agencics which bave been ere- uting their will, T AND TANATION. invited to the amendment of sment and taxa- ated for exc Your carncst ssity fora re present laws 1 exposed before suipuent There have been quarantine rules The state veterinarian was directed to make an examination of tho of the state for the purpose of asceriaining after thorou 1scs of tube Qiry hords ails under our present system is too ap- Furthermore, false impression and Upon_ tho face it is m, {obraska sustains the highest tax- and careful work, tut six losis were discovered, those being among the cattle 1 Douglas county or in the v destroyed, and no further developments of nicious, and it results” from low rate of asscssment, iska is assossed atasmaller valua- tion than in any of the states is 50 readily cated to mau_through cases of pleuro-pneun within the state, as thorough quarantine rog ulations are in force against ail pleuro-pneu- monia districts, and little dang Among contagious and infe n this state, glanders and far horses and mules, is the most widespread and At the beginning of the work board, it existed county in the state. vidious ravages has been and 18 still . doter- mined one, and 8o far suc present time forty counties The law, as amended at the | ature, allowing the payment for animals destroyed by the stato, facilitated the reporting of suspect and prevented the se hias proved a blessing to poor and deserving farmers, many of whom are entirely depe cut upon their horses and mules for & means nd to whom the payment of this +'is 0 boon, while the state 1s being relieved of To prove the states, for instance, the follow presented of assessment valuo of the property in Minnesota, Kansas, lowa and Nebraska, which will at a glance show the correctucss of my statement: destructive, fight against its in- ssful that at the re reporting These figures ave taken from the ports of those states and arc authentic nat land, horses, cattle, at far tess valuo Minuosota, Kansns of mdemnity will roadily obs mules and hogs what it is in Minnesota and lowa; h vatue of the same animals in our stute, expluins this apparent and also shows the .y of the statement that Nebraska is the highest taxed stato in the union, is, the rate of taxation here 1s, in reality, below what it and in some othor atat in 1835 upon the basis of th s by the census of while the tux per ssod valuatio of taxation, ral persons have dicd of it during the past two years in this state, having coutracted it by aflicted anim and mules have stock commission 1856, to December 1, Eight hundred and thirt statos namod, tax per capita population us is in the thre he amount allowed for the same was i, anta for tho same ye of the threo haye been selected for 5 according to the aggregate thein $2.50 as against §2.47 nsusof 155 showed ‘The amount yeur, rased for Taking the of indermnit, d in sixty-six c showing an immense amount of labor, cuted in all seasor only been by the the part of the bourd that such i result is most satisfuctory to statos unite comparison, amount raised b in Nebrasku our population to be 740 of taxation state purposcs was #1,037,018 2, population for that year and the amount of s just stated, the tax per capita Nunraska hus thus be animals we most energetic efforts upon stock agents and v arduous and unremit- lave been sent for by inall sections of the state. them have been more numerous than could give attention to. peen most useful and effective The labors of the live riuns have b to sufler from highest taxed state, exc tation rests on un The cails for which repu- ‘Their services hay: “Phis false im- pression must be removed. The rate of as- sessment must be largely increased. vast amount of real and personal, escapes bil inspoctor covers The report of the state The number o period of seyenteen months, of barrels of o1l and gasoline inspected was 20 total fees colle aries and expenses of for six_months ending December 81, 1857, s turned over o the state treasurer walarios and ex- ponses of iuspector and deputies from Jan- 1, 1558, to December 1, 1558, $5,008.15; 1355, #7245, 6 by the 108) ) $14,020.00, tioned reputation for integrity whose word pspeotor and deputies and bond are good in all business olrclos, deliberately shrewdness if they succeed. sion of notes, certificates of stocks an perty and little home of 1858, $761.08; , while'the proj The work s beer five deputies loca! | of the state. Tue law is being regularly en