Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, November 13, 1887, Page 12

THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: Can be had In Over 700 Difterent Styles and § Sizes, at the same price as the counterfeits. Inslst upon sesing the Trade Mark or you may be decslved THE MICHIGAN STOVE COMPANY, Detroit, Chicago, Butfalo. FOR SALE BY Milton Rogers & Sons, Omaha, Neb ehants who commend other sto ey have cithor failed to s TED in selling Jess denira H M &S. " (Successors to A. o in prefe [t ure the “Gat W. JONES, KENYON & CO.) 1522 Dcuglas Street. Fie Statonery and Blank Books, A LARGE LINE OF BIBLES and PRAYER BOOKS Stationery Novelties, and all the Latest Publications. JACOB E. TROIEL & CO., 2709 LEAVENWORTH S8T,, Carry a Full Line of Jowel Base Heaters & Ranees Every Stove 18 Warranted. Refunded. Good Goods, Honest De. as any Kesponsible De JACOB E. TROIEL & C0., 2709 Leavenworth St, Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money ng, Prompt Delivery, and Prices as Low HLL & YOONE, 1211 and 1213 Farnam Strect FURNITURE Carpets, Stoves, House Furnishing Goods. WEEKLY AND MONTHLY PAY- MENTS. N, W. Corner of 13th and Dodge Streets, For the treat it of all Conos d SN AL DIRBARES- BRACES, ATPLIANC » ¢ fucliitios, w frentment of & e 1 for_elreu Feet. Curvat . . Catireh, eetricity, ¥ ladder, Kye. Far, Nkii DISEASES edical and Sllv:wll'nl Iustitute, or McMenany, Cor, 13th and Docge Sts., Omaba, Neb! A La Persephone French Hand-made CORSETS! Highest standard of Corset ever intro- duced into this market. They impart that graceful figure and fine form which any well dressed lady would be justly proud, especially when obtainable without injur- ioms tizht lacing, ete. Indorsed as the Peerless Corse By leading dressmakers of Paris, London and New Yor', and for sale in Omaha by N. B. Falconer, Thompson, Belden & Co. And other merchants, Propristor Omaha Business College, IN WHICH 18 TAUGHT Book - Keeping, Penmanship, College Journal, g e THE ADVANCE OF ELECTRICITY Some of the Achievements of the ‘Wonderful Fluid. USE IN THE REDUCTION OF ORE. Frightening the King of Beasts— Railroad Signals —An Elec- tric Shampoo—Electrical Brevities. Fuel and Food by Electricity. American Architect: Dr. Werner Siemens, one of the most distinguished men of science now living, stirred up a few days ago, a rather lively contro- versy in the science world by asugges- tion that it might be possible after the world’s supply of coal and wood had been exhausted to warm the chilled bodies of the unfortunate men of that period by means of some application of electricity as yet undiscovered, with which he coupled algo, the idea that it was at least conceivable that similar means might be employed for nourish- ing the human race after all vestiges of plant life had disappeared from the earth. “Science believes,” said Dr. Sie in the interesting address wh find quoted in the Schweizerische Bau- zeitung, “‘that all substances have con- nected with them a certain portion of energy, which, like the eleinents with which it is associated is indestructible; modifying often its form and relations, but always traceable and constant throughout its changes. When a substance combines chem- jcally with another, it often hap- bens that the compound substance ormed by the combination, by quality of its constitution which we know nothing of, associates itself with a smaller relative proportion of energy than that proper to the substance of which it is composed, and in the act of combination this surplus of energy, which no longer finds a place in the new substance, and manifests it- self as heat or light. The burning of coal is a familiar example of this, The carbon of a given quantity of coal, and the oxygen with which that quantity of conl will unite, possesses more energy than the carbonic acid formed by the union of the two elementary substan and in that union the excess of ene is disengaged as heat. The same thing takes place when wood or any other sub- stance is burned. Now it is remarkable that, although we can obtain this mani- festation of surplus energy to warm our hands with, by the combination ofsnany of the substances now existing around us, the separation of the compound, so that we can combine their elements when we want more heat, is a very different matter; and when all the coal and wood are gone we shall find it very hard to get them back again out of ‘bonic acid into which we have resolved them. In fact, there are only two common agencies by which the bond between chemical compounds can be di- rectly dissolved. One of these is light, the decomposing effect of which is as yet not well understood,and the other is ectricity, which is now constantly used to effect chemical decomposition in the arts.” Tt is certainly not unreason- able to suppose that we shall some time use it more effcctively for this purpose than we now do, and} although the de- composition of carbonic acid, or of wa- ter, which is pevfeetly practicable, would yield rather unmanagenble gases. it is, a8 Dr. Siemens says, quite within the bounds of possibility that the me: chanical force derived from wind, or falling water, or waves converted into electricity by revolving magnets or otherwise, may hereafter be used for producing, by decomposition.potassium, or magnesium, or some other solid, portable, and tolerably effective fuel. ‘While we could reconcile ourselves, if necessary, to the idea of sitting around a potassium fire winter evenings, there would be_still a considerable step to be taken before reaching the production of food by electricity, and here Dr. S mens only ventures to indicate rather vaguely the way which he thinks it pos- sible that science might follow. So far as we know, the most essential element of food is nitrogen, which we co in combination with a great variety other substan: Now these combina- tions of nitrogen with other substances are effected in nature mainly by the obscure processes of vegetable life, ni- trogen in its natural state having no disposition to combine with other ele- ts, even when aided by heat. By chemical action it is possible to nitrogen into combine with other elements, even when aided by heat. By indirect chemical action it is possi- ble to force nitrogen into combination with oxygen,to form nitric acid, and with hydrogen, to form ammonia; but neither of these substance is edi- ble, and after all vegetable life had dis- appeared from the world we should cer- tainly starve if we had nothing better than such things todepend upon. Here, however, electricity comes to our aid in anew Although one form of elec- trie current, that of low tension, forms the most powerful decomposing agent we know, a current of high tension may be irectly or by induction, powerful combining force. ssing the sparks of an induced t of high tension through air,the condition of atmospheric oxygen is changed, It becomes ozone,and in that form se! upon the nitrogen with which it was before only mixed and combines with it, forming a vapor of nitric acid, which shc itself to our senses by the *“sulphuric smell” which follows the sparks of a fractional elee- trical machine, or a Ruhmkofl coil, or a flash of lightning. Whethernitrogen may by simliar means be made to unite vith carbon, hydrogen and the other elements of organic substances it is the electrical chemistry of the future to decide; but it cannot be said that it is scientifically impo Writing by Electricity. Pall Mall Gazette. One of the most beautiful of modern inventions—it re- ins to be seen whether it is as useful it is beautiful—the instrument devised by Mr. John Robertson for the trans- ission of writing by electricity, may now be seen at the American exhibition. Out of the top of a box, which 15 about the size of an ordinary dispatch box, protrudes what has the appearance of a stylographic pen. This, however, is nota pen but the handle of the “trans- mitter,” and its lower end is fixed to a light brass perpendicular bar. Any mo- tion given by the hand—you hold it just like a pen—to the handle of the trans- mitter is communicated by this bar to two series of carbon disks contained within the box, and, after various ad- |* ventures among magnets, ete., is carried again to the top of the box, where it is reproduced exactly by a small ink-hold- ing pen, whose point restson & white puper tape. clockwork apparatus pulls this tape along at a gentle pace; and after a little practice you find that it is quite easy to move the handle of the transmitter so that the pen shall write legibly on the moving tape. Now,what- SUNDAY, 1:OVEMBER 13 ever is written on the tape before you is written simultancously a mile off, or it may be fifty miles off, on & similar tape, by a similarinstrument at the other énd of the wire. The instrwment is very compact, and apparently efficient, and, s it is quite silent, there seems no reas son why a reporter sitting in the house of commons should not straightway write off his report of a debate to be in- stantaneously readoff in Printing House square or Northumberland street. A name will be wanted for his machine. Perhaps the “‘wire writer” will do. Uses of Stored Electricity. San Francisco Chronicle: So far, the using of stored electricity a motive hower only has been dis Tts use- ulness does not end there by any means, It can be called upon to furnish light, and in this capacity it will recommend itself most strongly to men and women of every day life. “Supposing in a fac- tory or building where machinery is employed a belt be attached to a dyna- mo, and if it in turn connected with one of these batteries, a sufficient amount of electricity will be so erated and can be stored during the wor hours to light the whole structure required when the machin In the count ulso, where wind and water is available, a dynamo fixed as above would churn away independent of any one and manufacture latent light, which could be stored and used when needed and which would last for days. Another and somewhat novel use in which this stored power can beem- ployed is for the purpose of illumination. All that would be necessary would be to send for a battery of the required strength and have the hall illum- inated by electricity. Thus at a ball recently given by one of the leading ladies of society in Londun, the house was lighted in" this way by twenty-four incandescent lamps of andle power. The battery, containing twenty-four one-horse power cells, was brought from Millwall on the afternoon of the entertainment and re- turned the next morning, the burning for six and one-half hou Under the present circumstanc person using electricity is at the mercy of the company supplying it. He is put on a circuit, on and off which the ight is turned at certain fixed times. If he wishes to have it for a little longer one day or a little less another he is un- able to. With a storage battery he has nobody to consult but himself. He still pays his money for the light, but in- stead of having the current turned on at night he has it all during the day and night too. The battery vos the churge and stores it automatically, cutting it off when full. It isthen, hke gas in o gasometer, ready for use, and only needing the turning of ubutton to give its light. Electric light companies will in this way be benetited, as well as the rest of the world, by being able to run their machinery during the day in- stead of oniy at night, as is now the case. Nobili's Rings. Herr Elsass (in the Am. Phys. et Chem.) expresses the_opinion in oppo- sition to Voigt, that Nohill’s rings are mainly due to currents ‘whidh traverse the electrolyzed liquid nearly to the metal plate. — Tho color tained are not in all cases eolors of thin plates; but the rings posits of different chemioal and phy: cal constitution. 1In fu electro-chem- ical decomposition takes plaee not only at the surfaces of the electrodes, but at 'y point throughout theliquid tra- versed by the current. This is proved as follows: Plaster of Paris moistened with copper sulphate solution is poured on a metal plate, and a copper wire plunged into the still soft mass i end very close to the plate.. Th ter is allowed to set firmly ant is passed from wire to plate. On noving the cake, four or five colored vings ure seen on its surface, corres- ponding rings being found on the plate. The plaster also adheres to the metal more or less firmly in different zones, and is also distorte Railway Signals Electrical World: We ve recently had o sion to draw attention to what appeared to be well-authenticated facts in regard to the curious effects of light- nd Electricity. Our attention is called to the fact the same agent is found to be a disturt ing cause in the operati signals. The ly arule, are oper- ated on the closed circuit system, and any break in the line would cause the signal to be set at dang It can be ly understood, however, that in certain situations a ground might still preserve the continuity of the circuit, and prevent the setting of the signal at danger. This is especially liable to oceur where underground c¢ircuits are employed, in which lightning is liable to perforate the insulation, admitting moisture. Detection of such faults may be d until an acecident caused thereby emphasizes their presence, In other cases lightning ing over a wire is liable to set a signal not in- » delay , to say the . He suggested that electric rulwa, should be so arvanged that the ¢ lightning can be eliminated, Experiments are being made at Cap de la Heve,near the mouth of th, on the production of electricity for lighthouse purpo: by means of the force obtained by windmills, The sug- gestion to do so was made by the Due de Feltre, and it is a system proposed by him that is to be tested. 'I'&n- nd works a dynamo electric machine em- ployed in charging acceumulators of suitable capacity. The electricity so produced and stored is to be used at will to make a focus of light. The sys- tem, if successful, will have the advant- age of costing only the putting up of the The whole question 1o be ascertained is whether asufficient quan- tity of electricity can be stored to pro- the requircments of any par ation when there is no wind to the sails of the mill. M. de Beaumanoir, a civil engineer , has been authorized by the Minister of Public works to make, at the e of that department, the trial of stem of electric lighting at the » lighthouse. by Electricity. Jlectrical World: Dr. J. H. Rae has applied electricity to the treatment of ores at the Douglass mill, Day The method was at first tried ings with a view of recovering the mer- which had been lost. ut it has been found even more efficient in work- ing ores by preventing loss of mercury and amalgam. A dynamo is run in the ordinary way by the millengine,and the wires are led to the wooden pan in which the ore is worked. One electrical cir- cuit is applied through the ring anodes, and the other is applied at the bottom, The solution thus completes the circuit of the electric current. The ring at the bottom i3 a perforated gas y through which passes a sufficient current of water to clean and wash off the light particles. Any quicksilver or silver which may float over is caught in the channel or trough encircling the pan as it overtlows. In drawing off the settlers only cleun material has to be dealt with, Lions Frightened by Electric Shocks. Paris Letter: A sensation in which ladies delight is furnished by » lion tamer drawing & hypnotized girl into & den of lions. The lions (but the specta- tors don’t know this) are more afraid of the young lady than she would be of them if awake. They associate her with electric shocks which, when under training for spectacles of this sort, they had had in the mouth, The damsel was separated from the terrible felines with fine wires connected with electric bat- teries. When they advanced toward her they came to grief, but through what ageney they could not see, and re- treated howling.” A lion which has had a few shocks will for the rest of his life keep at a civil distance from no matter what young lady. Could not something of this sort be arranged to guard the young ladies of London whocomplain of Yprowlers?” The Advance of Electricity. Correspondence St. Louis Republica Electricity as a servant of man is prac: tically the newest of the trained forces. It is nearly fifty yelirs since Morse ren- dered telegraphy possible, but the tele- phone only came before the public the other day, as it scems, in the Centen- nial exposition in 1876, The electric light practically had its birth at the same time, but was not an_established illuminator until 1879 or 1850. What strides the study of this mysterious force has taken one sces at the exhibi- tion in the shape of a myriad arc lights and incandescent lights, motors for light work in driving sewing machines, working fans, pumping and all the rest, and for such work as driving railroad cars on the ground or by the telpher system, in pulling cars on cables or bands overherd; in the shu]lm of electric steering-gear, electric clocks, door- openers, insulated pliers for handling charged wires, turn tables for store windows, surgical and dental lamps, an- nunciators of a dozen sorts and an al- most endless list of machines, dynamos, tools, batteries, engines, alarms, and I don’t know what all. So great is the popular reliance on the more important of these divices that we are told there are 150,000 arc lights in use in this countOy and about a million of those milder, softer illuminators, the incandescents. The capital enlisted in electric lighting alone, including the value of patents, real estate, machines and all else that 1s connected with the business, is to-day, by careful expert estimate ,750.000. In spite of the competition between al companies, which is quite intense in the centers of population, the profits are handsome. The arc-lighting companies are paying almost 10 per cent on the capital en- listed, Sixty mililion dollars are in- »d in telephone companies, and of telephone stock s above par to-duy. Has anyone grown rich in these few years? vho? How rich? Edison's name oceurs to everyone first of all. In the public mind he is regarded as most wonderful, not merely because he has taken out 850 patents on his own inven- tions, or because he first made the in- candescent light as a practical illumino- tor, but because he is believen to be the most notable of all modern inventors who have proven exceptions to the old- time rule that an inventor must always remain poor while others enrvich them- selves on the products of h ill and patience. Mr. Edison’s case is not_the most remarkable, for James Graham Bell has grown richer than he as an in- ventor. ctric Shampoo. North American.}— ou have an electric shampoo. said an uptown barber to a cus- 1 whose hair he had just trimmed. “What kind of a shampoo is that?” asked the man, “Well, it's une of the latest inventions of the tonsorial artists of Paris, and I am the only man in_town that has it. All right, sir, it will be ready in a minute.” The shampoo consisted of first wetting the head with bay rum,and then gently rubbing a peculiarly shaped cake of soap over it. The sensation was delight- ful. At first the prickings were rather sharp, but as the scalp was slow ered with lather a delicious drowsiness stole over the patient. All the pleasure m smoke without the after ef- ve expirienced. The customer ke as the barber briskly dried his [Philadelphia swin Well, how do you like it?”? “Like it? Why, it’s the best thing out. Who did you say invented it “You see,” said the barber, *“‘inside this cake of sc area number of fine wir re with electricity. Then, the ha ing wet, it generally shocks the nerves and puts nyhody to sleep. When you awake s if you had inhaled oxygen gas.” , it's a boss shing. Good day, sir. Link Belting F Electr| Driving Dynamos. While link belt- ' 1887.~TWELVE PAGES, ing has been used for the driving of machinery to & considerable extent abroad, it8 use in this country has, until "N‘“nt(. been quite limited on account of the flanged pulley ruqu(ro\‘. This wad necessary on account of the fact that the link as formerly made had its links all strung on a single rod passing through them. The result was that when erowning pulleys were used but a small portion of the belt came in con- tact with the pulley, and slipping occur- red. Hence where this form of link belting was desired, a straight pulley with flanged edges was necessary. But the friction of the belt against the flange introduced an - objectionable factor, and that has militated against the introduction of the belt in Amer- ica. Inorder to obviate these difficul- ties and objections, there has recently been introduced by Mr. Ch. L. Ireson, of Boston, a form of link belt which seems especially applicable to dviving fast-moving machinery with small pul- vs. The device by which the resultis accomplished is exceedingly simple, and consists in making the {mltinu in two or more longitudinal sections which are hinged together by their edges. If made in two secjions, the hinge rides over the ciown of an ordinary cone crowned pulley. If, however, a round= faced pulley be used, or the belt is of great width, it is ugually better to make the belting in more than two sections and give it more than one set of longi- tudinal hinges. By thus furnishing the belting with a series of longitudinal hinges, the belt adapts itself to the crown of the pulley just exactly asan ordinary belt doe: Electrical Brevities. A resident of Hartford, Conn., is the inventor of a novel apparatus for timing horses. A clock with three hands— minute, second and quarter second—is started by the official timer. When the winning horse tovches the wire the is stopped by eiectricity. At the same instant the current opens a cam- era which photographs the horse and the clock face. An_electrical organ is building for the Burg theater at Vienna, Austria, The orgun will be supplied with a cable upwards of 100 yards in length, running all around the stage and orchestra. It has several operators’ stations at each hich the organ chief station is located in the orc the others in differ The same theatre is already supplied with electric light to avoid the danger of fire. The electric raiftoad in Lykens Val- ley., Pa., collieries was built for the purpose of hauling the coal mined in the upper part of the workings out of It is the first and only elec- railroad built in America, and exceeds Europe. A new material that has recently found its way into electrical work and appliances is indurated fibre. This sub- stance is a wood pulp prepared in about the same way us for paper making. Its absolute non-absorbent quality is one of its chief points of excellence in some of the countless articles into which it is made. John Buckley, of Meriden, Conn., caught a snapping turtle i the central telephone office, where ln'n;mm-(l killing it with elect ; et the turtle snap at one end of a wire, put another wire beneath its shell, and turned on the full strength of the cur- rent. He avers that he **heard the ¢ rent go through it, making a noise like a small planing mackine,” and he left the turtle for dend. The next morning he found the turtle walking around and snapping at wires, as though he wanted another taste of the current. The Electrical car company, of Lon- don. England. which is about to intro- duce its system of autatic populsion on one of the metropolitan tram lines, is also to build a large electrical locamo- tive for drawing trains on the unde ground rail Under lhis system the vehicle conjains the batteries, which are charged at night and worked in the day The cars can carry five tons at over twenty miles an hour. The Russian minister of of com- munion has appointed a special eommi sion to sclect \Hn' best system of electric lighting for railway carringes. This is the result of a decision recently arrived at to render the adoption of the electric light compulsory upon the prineipal yailway companies for all passenger train; A mile of Patterson cables has been put down in West Madison street in Chicago. made up of 150 wire cable and &l of from 25 to 125 conducta m- taining in all about 200 miles of wire. Number 18 American gauge was used and the insulationand capacity tests are very satisfactory. While the manager of an electri Jighting station was showing some visi- ors about the station a new man estra, Something better than you can find elsewhere at the price. a reputation, that our tailor the best service for the money. nt parts of the stage. - passed on the other eide of & Aynam with a dust pan full of sweepings. Sud denly, with a dexterous turn of the wrist, he threw the contents over the {\nrz_v. and as the honest German la- borer threw up his hands in astonishe ment, the magnetic attraction come pleted its work, drawing the dust pan con pletely out of his hands, and it be- came transfixed to the field magnets. Mr. G. A. Rowell of Orford, England, has just published a pamplet on atmos- pheric v{\ ctricity nm{ the causes of the changes in the inclination of the mage netic needle. The author attempts fo demonstrate that the magnetio poles of Europe and America coincide with the centres of the greatest cold upon the two continents, He attributes the shifting of the magnetic poles to the same series of astronomical and geo- logical phenomena that produces the secular changesin climate. This theory, he ndds, leads us to the not very aggroes able conclusion that our winters will be prolonged and will increase in severity, since the magnetic inclination keepe on diminishing. i RITIES. sconsin has horns on her fore- head, which she covers with her hair. A Georgla turkey hatohed seven turkeys, four chicken nd twenty-four guinea chicks. field, Mich,, man has & hog months old that is the mother ot A strange animal, with the head of a dog and with an alligator's tail, is reported te have been captured in Vermont. At Moor's Hill, Ind., a quarrelsome Jersey cow and a Poland-China hog had a fi n which the hog struck the cow in the abdomen' with his tusks and killed her. A large salmon in attemping to clim tho cataract falls at Biddeford, Me., killed_him: self. H. M. Kelly, of Suco, withessed the ac cident, and captured the fish. It weighed sixe teen pounds. A lady in Staunton, Va., has given birth td a child ‘that weighs 'only one pound, but is well formed and healthy. The parents ard large, well proportioned people, and their other children were of normal size at birth. A duchess pear scion was grafted on an aps ple tree belonging to Thomas Webb, of Mil ville, Cal., two years ago. NOW pears an apples grow on the same twig, but in th main body of the tree apples are’ borne artey its kind. Shrill cries of “*Oh, mamma! Oh, mamma " brought New Lisbon, Pa., people'to a_cree to find, instead of a drowning child, Mis Honrietta Arter’s pet_crow complacent] practicing his favorite phrase picked up mufl the neighboring children, Three cats of Cape Ann clubbed their kith tens together, and placed them in one nest in Gee B. Shepherd's stable. There werd en of them. Some days two cats woul uin at home with the family while anothe; t for food, und at other times but one r An fitalian_oorrespondent, writing from to the ankfurter Zl‘i(llllp. states that nni, in the province of Cale a lake has become red i color, and quantities of dead fish have com to the surface. The inhabitunts attribut this to the influence of lightning that struc the lake. George Goodwin, while riding along in the mountains, near Wetmore, Coi, herdin stock and playing on a French horn, sa coming toward him a coyote. He quickly dismounted, still playing the horn, and pro¥ cured a club. The wolf seemed unconsciou of danger, and allowed him to come so close that he killed it with the club. The fish in the sea of (h\lll«'e,luwn latel; classified, and prove to belong to th species peculiar to the African lakes, not t the Mediterrranean kinds, as hitherto b lieved. It is therefore suggested that the Jordan valley in long past ages must have been filled by a lake joining the Red Se: which was then a fresh water lake, ang which in its turn may have directly communi cated with the great lake system of Centr: Africa, Rev' 1 W. Waddell, of Georgia. owned hen that in the course of events hatched brood of interesting chicks. Soon after complishing this laudable undertaking sh ied, and r o chicks were left forl when a big rooster who had hitherto led life of lordly laziness went to their rescue gathered them under his wings, led them il rch of food, defended them against en mies, and is even now all that a mothel could be to them, and more. 4 Nathamel M. Jackman recently discover that a colony of bees had settled in the sid of his house in S Mass, They sceme to have been the 1l years, and o cupied a space a foot in width and sever: feet di rpentors trying to repair the roof were driven off several times, and find ally an offer was made of all the' honey one who would drive away the bees ) Ropes took the contract and nu% ceeded in getting a wash-tub nearly twic filled with hol 'om the inside of the wally refused to go, and all af n away by sulphur smok and other smud, failed Coughs and colds come uninvited, bud you can quickly get rid of these with n’ ew doses of Dr. J. H. MeLeun’s Ta Wine Lung Balm. 2ozl Estella Webb, of Wawassett, Pa, s for John Martin t Her patience has at last givel out and she sues him for breach of promiseg placing damages at §20,000. We are working for a name and made Clothing is the most desirable, most satisfactory, gives The proof of our clothing is the w ring. P3I5. $B35. P35 Three lines of the Finest Imported Goods. Edges piped with velvet, silk v The finest Overcoats possible to produce and the pric2 is $35. Esatin lined. lvet collars, and 830. 830. 830 English Kerseys, Shetland and Chinchillas. $28. $28. $28. $28. A line of of cgats we had made expressly for fine trade. $25. Satin lined, flannel and cassimere lined. $8, $10, $12, $14, $18 $25. $25. Made from - Kerseys, $25. Chinchillas and Hairlines and $20 These are some of the best goods for the price ever produced by man.