Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, June 28, 1887, Page 4

TIHHH DAILY BEE. PUBLISHED EVERY MORNING. TERMS OF SUBSORIPTION ¢ Dally (Morniax Edition) including Sunday Brp. One Year.. £10 For 8/x Months 50 For Threa Montha . § D28 The Omaha Swnday Dk, matied to” any address, One Yoo wissesiiirs B 00 n 010 FARNAM STRERY. RIAUNE BUILDING. 513 FOURTEENTH STRELT. OMATIA OFFICT, NoO, ¥W VORK OFFICE ASHINGTON OFFICE, CORRESPONDENCE! All communiontions relating to news and edk torial matter should be addressed to the Eoi TOR OF THE Bi DUSTNERS LETTERS! Al husiness lotters and remittances should bo addressed to Tig BE® PUBLISHING COMPANY, OMAHA. Drafts, checks and postoffice orders 0 be made payable to the order of the company, THE BEE PUBLISHING COMPARY, PROPRIETORS, E. ROSEWATER, EnIToR. THE DAILY BEE. Sworn Statement of Oirculation, B!ilw n: Ne‘hflnskn“ %" " Jounty of oucias. v Geo. B. ‘lzschuck, secretary of The Bee Publishing company, does solemnly swear that the actual circuiation of the Daily Bee for the week ending June 24, 1857, was as follows: Saturday.June 18 Sunday, June 19 Monday, June 20 Tuesday, Jjun Wednesday, Ju Thursday, June Friday,June 24 Average....... GEO. B, TZSCHUCK. Subseribed and sworn to before me this 25th day of June, 1557, N, P, FeIr, [SEAL.] Notary Publie. . B chuck, belng first duly sworn, deposes and says that he is secretary of The Bee Publishing company, that tlie actual average daily circulation of the Daily Bee for the month™ of for June, 188, 12203 coptes; for July, 1884, 12314 co) 3 for August, 169, 12,464 {nl for Septem: ber, 1880, 13,030 coples; for October, 1856, 12,04 coples: for November, 1580, ' 13,343 coples; for December, 1886, 13,237 coples; for January 1897, 16,208 coples; for February, 1887, 14,195 coples; for March. 1857, 14,400 coples; for April, 1887, 14,316 copies; for May, 1857, 14,227 coples. Gro. B. T28CHUCK, Bubscribed and sworn to before me this 4th day of June A. D., 1887, ISEAL.| N. P. Ferr, Notary Public. Witk Armour in Omaha it means con- siderable for Nebraska. WitaouT bucket shops, gamblers or boodlers, Chicago, the city of Hams, will make a charming summer resort. Two passenger ;nlns have recently been robbed in Minnesota. Can 1t be that Cole Younger is being avenged? E—— ArMour & Co. will take charge of the packing house now occupied by Thomas J. Lipton, Omaha is not losing any of her prestige. CoMMISSIONER SPARKS, metaphorically speaking, is making the sparks fly in the direction of honest enforcement of the the homestead law. CoLONEL ¥RED GRANT, it is predicted, will be nominated by the republicans of New York for secretary of state. The returns after the election will show what there is in a nume. Tue New York World advises Governor Pattison to “camp in Omaha until he can communicate with the panic-stricken natives,” who are fleeing before the Pacific investigators. THE traducers of Governor Thayer continue in their indecent cause, and Governor Thayer continues to possess the respect and confidence of the reputable people of Nebraska. E——— ELEVEN of the hostile Apaches have returned to the reservation, It the United States army can avoid meeting the other nineteen, it is thought the In- dians will secure no scalps during this outbreak. —_— NEw YORK'S base ball club had a game “called” on them, nine to nothing. It is hoped that New York will keep up this style until the game is called on Jake Sharp—twelve to nothing, for con- viction, DAkoTA has been visited by a frost. The enterprising newspapers of the ter- ritory take advantage of the weakness of sweltering humanity by advertising the fact as one of the rare and peculiar ad- vantages enjoyed by the settlers. —— REv. MR. SAVIDGE, in his sermon Sun- day, against ball playing on the Sabbath day, said there were seven clubs in each league. He was mistaken in this. There are eight. Yet Mr, Savidge showed more knowledge of the game than has been shown by %mplra De.:glm SSE——————— AND now the Republican wants to shift the responsibility for the mautilation of the section of the charter relating to parks upon Senator Lininger. ‘I'his is decidedly cool. It is notorious that Mr. Lininger made an earnest appeal against the mutilation of the charter, and sought up to the last moment to have the park provision restored. But the judiciary boodlers under the lead of the editor of the Republican and his associates of the oil room lobby carried the day and de- feated the section relating to parks, It may not be out of place incidentally to recall the fact that Captain Wilcox, whose friendship for Chief Seavey is the prime cause of opposition to the chief and the police commission on the part of Councilman Hascall, was down at Lin- coln working cheek by jowl with the charter wrecker of the Republican against parks. Curses, like chickens, come home to roost. A GREAT many of the arbitrary regula- tions of rairoad companies would speedily come to naught if people who have the intolligence to know when they are 1mpositions would disregard them. Justice Field, of the United States supremo court, recently set an example in this dircction that is interesting. He went to the railroad office 1n San Fran- cisco to purchase a round-trip ticket to Portland, and on being asked by the ticket seller to write his name on the tickot refused to do so, on the ground that there was no law in the United Btates compelling him to sign a railroad ticket. The official on learning who the objector was promptly handed over the ticket without the signature. As a San Francisco paper remarked, it would be ® strange law which would require any ~_one to enter into a written contract . which he had not read, and of the con- " tents of which he was in entire 1gno " and yet similar demands are '-':3:' nll'roldl every dsy and ac- Legisiative Oll Rooms. When mén bire themselves out to cor- porations as procurers, seducers and cor- ruptors of the people’s representatives, they are capable of almost any infamy. It is not at all surprising that the miscre- ants who have pluyed the decoy for the Nebraska raitroad boodlers should delib- crately add perjury to their more detest- able crimes. Several of these political prostitutes have testified under oath before the Pa- cific railrond commission knew nothing about legislative oil rooms and never heard about an ol room, except as 1t was mentioned by the Bee. This will surprise John M. Thurs- ton in his Minnesota retreat. Legislative oil rooms have notoriously heen kept open at the leading hotels at the state capital during every ses- sion of the legislature since the railroads entered the domain of politics. These resorts were always supplied witha full assortment of choicest liquors, wines and cigars and the hotel bar was usually kept running all night catering to the oil room orgies. It was in these o1l rooms that Thurston and his stool pigeons entertained mem- bers of the legislature with champagne, brandy and whisky until they were in condition to drop into the pitfall which the wily Union Pacific lobbyist had set for them. It was in the oil rooms where the legislutive boodlers most did congregate, and yet the dissolute henchman who lit- erally lived in the oil rooms during the legislative session pretend that they never heard of such a place! The only wonder 1s that these case-hardened wretches have admitted that they were hired by the railroad to keep the Ne- braska legislature from “making mis- takes.” A Victory Over Blue Laws, On last Sunday the hotel keepers of New York were enabled to supply their guests with wine at their meals, a privi- leze which had been denied them for several previous Sunduys. It may be safely assumed that the opportunity was fully improved both by the hotel men and those they entertained, and that the line was not rigidly drawn at meal time, which however 18 very nearly continu- ous at New York hotels. 1t is also a safe guess that a great mauy more people were registered at the hotels than were in a legitimate sense guests. The excise law which has been in operation for thirty years in New York contains a sec- tion prohibiting the keeper of an inn, tavern or hotel, or any other pe rson, to sell or give away any intoxicating liquors or wines on Sunday or on election day to any person whatever as a beverage. ln the attempts to enforce the law that were made from time to time the privileges of the hotel keepers were not interfered with, and 1t had grown to be the com- mon understanding that they were not intended to be amenable to the statute, notwithstanding its ‘very explicit lan- guage. But when Mayor Hewitt deter- mined that the law should be ngidly eu- forced and carried that determination into action the hotels were required to submit in common with all other sellers ot liquor. They did so protestingly for a couple of Sundays, but finally the pro- prietors of two of the most prominent hotels—the Gilsey and Fifth Avenue— summoning a police officer to witness their action, dispensed liquor to their guests on Sunday. They were arrested, and the matter being taken before a judge sitting in supreme court, cham- bers, he decided that’the law did not per- mit them to sell liquors or wines to their guests on Sunday. The case was appealed to the general term of the supreme court, and & decision rendered, all the judges concurring, reversing the deci- sion of the inferior tribunal and affirm- ing the rightof hotel keepers to furnish their guests with liquors or wines at meals on Sunday or any other day. The general importance of this deci- sion lies in the sivgle fact that it mukes a hiberal spirit of construction not too common in issues of this kind. The prin- ciple which seemed to be at the founda- tion of the opinions rendered by the judges--each submitting his own view independently—was that the hotel 18 virtually the home of the guest, and that to deny him the right to have liquors or wine served there would be to practi- cally deny him his home rights with re- spect to this privilege, which no law should be allowed to do. One of the judges said if tho conmstruction placed on the law by the inferior court were to hold, no person could on Sunday or on any election day ‘‘supply at his own table to members of his own family a single glassof wine,’’ Obyiously no such harsh and intolerant restriction was ever intended, and if it was it would be impossible to enforce it for any length of time in New York. It is evident that this statute needs over- hauling and remodeling. 1t is in the line of those ‘‘blue laws” which the senti- ment of this time is wholly out of sym- pathy with, and the continuance of which is aimgly a source of annoy- ance and trouble without doing any good to anybody. pe For more than a generation most of those who have made the labor problem a subject of careful and rational study have regarded co-operation asan import- ant factor in the solution of its ditficul- ties, It is interesting, therefore, to in- quire as to the results of the application of this principle. There is very little to be obtained, and not much of that en- couraging, from the history of its trial in this country, Co-operative enterprises have been established here, and a few have recent existence, but most of them that have been undertaken had & brief and troubled career, and either went to pieces or passed inte the control of & few iudividvals who developed the necessary administrative ability to carry them on, becoming simply like any other company, though perhaps retaining the title @8 co-operative estab- lishments. Examples of this can be found in almost every manufacturing city of the country. Of these establishments that are now running on the co-opera- tive principle the reports of suocess ure not uniformly reassuring. A few are moderately prosperous, as for example those engaged in the textile trades at Philadelphia, but generally they do not grow, and their existence is of the ‘‘from hand to mouth’ order. Co-operation in the United States has not yet been such success as to contribute greatly to con! dence in the system, but if the principle wmately it will be made successful. is sound there can be no doubt that ulti-. Turning to Eugland, where co-opera- | tion has been longest in practice and has reached its highest development, there is found to be most substantial reason for the faith of those who believe in the virtues and advantages of this sys- 1,264 co-operative so- ited Kingdom, and their history is one of remarkable prosperity. In twenty years they have done a total business of #1,839,000,000, from which the members have derived $106,000,000 as profits, But even there the system ap- pears to have reached a limit beyond which there is uncertainty, and perhaps danger. At the great congress of co-op- erative socicties recently held, Mr, Thomas Hughes, one of the oldest sup- porters of the movement, delivered an address on its history and prospects, in which he said that co-operation in distri- bution—in the purchase and sale of articles of daily consumption—had been an enormous success, but that co-opera- tion, where it had succeeded, had ceased in a great measure to be co-operation in the carly and best sense of the word, The vrosperous eocieties have devel- oped 1n recent years a strong desire to go into the business of produc- ing. They have naturally reasoned that they ought to manufacture at least a por- this week, and there is now a strong demand among the savages for fire- water, A terriblo afiliction befell the family of West Johnson, living near Mead, Saun- ders coun Three_of his children died during Sunday and Monday of last week, stricken by diphtheria. Two years ago the couple lost twvo children by the same disease. Traly their cup of sorrow is overflowing. The Tecumseh Republican denounces the second class mlns‘idmvd cabooses run on the B.& M.lne in Johnson county, and frankly confesses that before April'1 there was considerable enter- prige, courtesy and convenience shown patrons of the rond, The cash basis has had a wonderful effect on the editorial temperament, J. R. Buchanan, general passenger agent of the Eikhorn Valley road, has notified the people of the Black 'Hills that the company will transport free of charge to tfin Omaha_exposition and state fair at Lincoln, collections of pro- ducts for exhibition, ores of various kinds, marble, stone, fire clay, brick, ete. The offer is a generous one and will be accepted. The Fremont Oil company, of Glen- rock, W. T., was organized in Fremont Saturday last b{ the election of G. W. E. Dorsey, E. H. Barnard, C. B, Toncray, W. E.Smails and W. J. Crane as direct- ors, who were afterwares elected in the tion of the goods they consume, and for which they have a ready and assured market. This feeling has led two of the largest distributing societies to manufac- ture boots and shoes on an extensive scalo, and with successful results to the societies, but it is being done at the sac- rifice of the co-operation principle. The workers in these shoe factories are not above order, president, vice president, treasurer, secretary and F«meml man- ager. The capital stock of the company is §1,000,000, and the vbject of the organ- ion is to develop 8000 acres of o1l and coal land which they already pos- sess. lowa Items. Des Moines county claims to have as co-operators and do not share in the vrofits of the business. They get the prevalent rate of wages in the market, and have just as many differences with their employers as do the workers for other manufacturers. Furthermors, these wealthy societies do not hesitate to use their power to exclude weaker so- cieties from epgtering the field in competition with them. In a word, the managers of these factories have all the characteristics of human nature when engaged 1n the conflicts of business, and although Mr. Hughes warns the socicties against the introduction of labor which has no interest in profits, as likely to prove the destruction of the movement, there is very little likelihood ot their heeding the admonition. The conclusion from results thus far must be that co-operation for distribu- tion is entirely practicable, and can be made of great advantage to labor, but that co-operation for production is at best hazardous, if confined strictly to the the principles of the system, while to keep it within such limitation has thus far proved absolutely impracticable on any large scal The Monetary Situation. The reports of the leading clearing houses of the country for last week show a considerable aggregate decline in the business of the banks. There was an in- crease, though a small one, as compared with the corresponding week of last year, bnt the evidence of the figures is that trade generally is quiet. Such a situation is to be ex- pected at this season, and it will very likely continue for the next sixty days, but the condition exhibited by the record of clearings may not be due wholly to natural causes. Itis quite probable that the banks are disposed to vursue for a time a very conservative policy, induced thereto both by recent commercial events and by a feeling of uncertainty regarding the future of the money market. The effects of the devel- opments following the collapse of the wheat deal, while the severest damage was local, have been somewhat generally felt 1n financial cir- cles, and as usual in such cases have incited to care and caution. Then there are tendencies in other directions which conduce to the same feeling. Beyond all this there is & question as to what the situation may be two or three months hence, when there 18 an extraordinary demand for money to move the new crop. From the latest figures of the treasury there doesn't appear to be any strong reason for apprehending an insufli- ciency of currency for the trade wants of the country during the next six months. It is now believed that the receipts of the treasury will not excced the disburse- ments between July and January to the amount of more than $30,000,000, and this sum can perhaps ve spared without disturbance to the business of the coun- try, though certainly 1t would be very much better in the hands of the people than the vaults of the treasury. The banks, however, are appar- ently not disposed to take chances, and there is something in this tact to build confidence on. So long as the banks adhere to a policy of giving support only to legitimate enterprise there need be no fear of financial dis- turbance, or that the country will not have the means to carry on its regular business without interruption. ‘THERE has not been one word said by any Omaha paper except the BEE about the street sweeping jobs. Why are all our contemporaries so silent? Can the city aftord to pay $4,000 a month for street cleaning? ‘If we can afford to double the street cleaning expense, is there any valid reason why the contractors should be allowed $600 per month more for sweep- ing the streets than the work can be contracted for? Does the condition of the city treasury justify such a reckless outlay? Are not taxes high enough without doubling the street cleaning ex- penses, — ITORY, Jottings. Rushville has added a cemetery to her list of industries. ‘The Fremont creamery churned 18,448 pounds of butter last week. Sutton business men want an excur- sion over the Kansas City & Omaha to Omaha. H. B. Fetz and W. E, Hitchcock have blossomed out with the Times at Nonpa- reil, Dawes county. The state of Beatrice is worth $5,345,- 209 for tax purposes, an increase of #200,000 over last year. A brace of glib-tongued fakirs are do- ing Hamilton county for subscriptions to an atlas that will relieve the residents of $20,000 or more cash, A. L, Bixby,‘'one of the brightest stars in the profession, has retired from the Nance county Journal. He goes west to whoop up the country. ‘The assessors' returns of pmpexjatg in Gage county shows 13,560 horses, 144 cattle, 1,848 mules, 24,208 sheep, 38,605 hogs, lands valued at $2,327,757 and rail- roads at $856,169, Oyer $517,000 in gold and silver w: paid in sunuities to the Omaha Indians fine fire-clay as thee 18 in the world. An institution to be known as the Evaporated and Condensed milk com- pany, with a capital of 100,000, will lo- cate at Cedar Rapids, A Davenport rifle team carried off the honors at the {ifth annual contest of the Northwestern shooting society, and their cu&l ain, George Cook, made the lghest individual score. The Davenport Democrat says two men were arrested there and fined $50 and costs each for “fighting and disturbing the police.”” A man who would wantonly disturb the police should be shot or hung. Conductor Harry Barr met with a pain- ful accident at the Estherville gravel pit, Tmlrsdnfiy, while switching some cars. He was knocked down by the pilot of the engine and the wheels passed over the ball of his heel, cutting ofY the tlesh up to the ball of his foot. For some time back so many petty thefts have occurred in northeastérn Van Buren county that detectives were set at work to discover the thieves. Their in- vestigations resulted in_the arrest of Harry Vance, George Klise and Albert Van Winkle. Wilhlam Van Winkle es- caped arrest by running away. The proof nfininst the gang 18 positive and they will all no doubt receive the full benefit of the law. {7 — Utah, The Utah railroad company, a branch of the Burlington, Has been organized in Salt Lake City. President Potter and a party ot Union Pacific officials distributed a_large quan- tity of railroad swegtness in Mormondom last week. ‘ Mineral shipments from Salt Lake City for the week ending July 18 were: Twenty-two cars bullion, 137,899 pounds; 10 cars lead, 280,213 pounds; 26 cars sil- ver and lead ore, 830,250 pounds; 6 cars copper ore, 161,900 pounds; total, 64 cars, 1,810,262 poands. The sureties of George Q. Cannon, the saintly unlawful cohabitor of Salt Lake, have sought to be relieved from Iliability on their bond, but the territorial supreme court of Utah decided against them. They appealed to the United States su- reme court. The amount at issue is 0,000, with interest and costs. John Tobin, the Kansas City man who has been lecturing against Mormonism, 18 about to institute & suit against Salt Lake City for property valued atone million dollars, Tobin’s claim is based on the following facts: 1n 1868 he was obliged to fly with a penalty of death hanging over him should he return. Just before John D. Lee was hanged for the Mountain Meadow massacre, he con- fessed that he had been emgloyed by Brigham Young to murder Tobin. He had in fact attacked his party and killed several but only succeeded in wounding Tobin. At that time Tobin was obliged to fly from Salt Lake City. He then owned considerable property in the heart of the city. That i3 now estimated at being worth over $1,000,000, Montana. Bullion shipments from Butte last week amounted to §134,688, The Drum Lummon is producing bul- lion at the rate of $2,000,000 a year, Seven prominent mines in the territory paid dividends agaregating $1,043.500 during the first five months of the year. A railroad company backed by the Union Pacific has been incorporated to build a line from Butte to the National Park. The end of the Manitoba track is now within the confines of Montana, 1t will boom ri:iht along now till it reaches Butte and Anaconda. 1tis believed the tunnels of the North- ern Pacitic raitroad in Montana, where caves have obstructed travel this winter, will never be safe until they are arched with solid masonry, which will be an enormously expensive undertaking. Pacific Coast, The new directory of Los Angeles figures out a population of 60,000, Mother Hubbard dresses are forbidden on the streets of Albuquerque, New Mex- 1c0. Spokane Falls is to have a stove fac- tory, paper mills, oil factory and woolen mills. Large gray timber wolves are destroy- ing calves and colts in Bear Lake county, eastern Iduho. : The corner-stone of the new Catholie cathedral at Sacramgnto was laid with imposing ceremonies last Sunday. The Piute population in Nevada has in- creased nearly 2,000 since the census of 1830. On that date it was 7,700, It is es- timated now at 9,200. The count of Indiana atSan Carlos con- firms the previous count that only six- teen bucks and one squaw are absent from the reservation A narrow vein of coal and another of copper ore have been tiscovered b{' the deep cut for the railroad near W hite Pine, on the southern gide of the Siskiyou mountain. : The board of regents of the Arizona territorial universi {,, have contracted with the Ithaca (N. Y.) well augur com- pany to bore a 1000-foor artesian well at Tucson for $5,000. Tho Reno reduction-works are kept constantly going, and it is now certain that the "capacity of the establishment will have to be increased or other works of that kind erected if bueiness continues to increase, They are now receiving ore from California and all portions of Ne- veda, and the returns have been so far entirely satisfactory, ——— For Sale. One newspaper Campbell press, bed 32x40. One Potter Cyinder Job Press, bed 22x88. One boiler and engine, shaft- ing and belting. Alln good order. Wiil sell this maclinery very cheap as . the owner has no use for the same. Address to 1120 Capitol Avenue, Gmaha, Neb, 129wt % o : TUESDAY. JUNE 238, 1887 HOW THEY TAKEIT, Central Pacific’ Révenge on Potter— Rules for the New Route. San Francisco Chronicle: Railroad f ssip centers on the latest move of Tom otter, In deciding to “throw over” the Central Pacific and handle all Montana, Utah and Idaho freight, to and from this city by way of Portland, Potter is giving the Southern Pacitic company consider- able food for reflection. Not that the Southern Pacific company cares for the losts of business—oh,nol—but it did not think after all these years of close con- nection with the Union Pucitic that the latter company could have it in its corporate heart to thus rudely tear asunder the bonds of commereial union. So now the Sourhern I e company is “‘eooking up’ some choice form of ven- It is deemed likely that it will unset route for working out a grand scheme of retaliation which shall make Mr. Potter wish he had never heard or dreamod of such a thing as routing Utah freight via Portland. New rules and conditions governing the shipment of freight to the territory reached by the lines named in the joint tarill were re- ceived yesterday. I'rom these rules the following extracts of special interest to local shippers are taken: No shipment, however small, composed of one or more classes, will be carried for less than would be charged upon 100 pounds of second-class freight. All freignt for which carload rate is pro- vided must be loaded at point of shipment by shipper, and unloaded at destination by the owner or consignee, or at their expense. All cars loaded with property which is to be unloaded by owner or consignee, whether at side track or regular stations, must be un- loaded within twenty-four hours atter ar- rival at destination, or a charge of §3 per day or fraction thereof will be made for each day thereafter until unloaded. 'The companies, however, reserve the right to unload and charze the owner or consignee of the prop- erty for the cost or expense of same, the com- l;:\uin-s to be entirely exempt from any lia- ility for deficiency in quantity laden in them. A charge of $3 ver day or fractional part will also be made for detention of cars (longer than twenty-four hours) which have been orde by and reserved for xlna-pers. The companies do not guarantee to carry the freight by any particular train, norin time for all{; particular market, and will not be responsible for losses occasioned by de- ays. Agricultural Implements, wagons ana sim- flar froight, when londed upon standard K""F" flat cars, should not ba loaded to ex- ceed twelve foet in extreme height above the top of the rail or nine feet six inches in ex- treme width; and upon narrow gauge cars, eleven and one-half feet high and eight and one-half feet in jextreme width, The com- panies reserve the right, when the rules are notcomplied with, to either refuse the frelght, to transport it entirely at owner’s risk of in- jur‘ from collision with snow-sheds, water- tanks, etc., or toremove any excess from the car and charve first-class rates upon the same Frelght will be charged upon the stakes, ete,, it delivered. 1If left with car no charge wiil be made. Unless otherwise provided, the minimum carload weight of a standard gauge car shall 20,000 pounds; of & NATrOw ¢ nu{: Ccar, 16,000 pounds. Cars may be loaded to their marked capacity, but in case no capacity is marked thereon, 28,000 pounds may be loaded to a standard gauge, and 20,000 jpounds in & narrow & auge car, and be charged for at the carload rate provided. All in excess of such maximum weights will be charged for as provided in the western classification, The minimum carload weight shall be 20,000 pounds upon freight interchanged be- twlee:‘ standard gauge and narrow gauge voin! - SnTe Forty Per Oent Discount. Salt Lake Tribune. Silver miners are losing about $10,000,- 000 annually because of the discount on silver. Because of that discount the pro- ducers of the country at large are losing the same percentage on their products. This is proven by two or three facts. The silver dollar will purchase as much wheat or cotton or tobacco or any uther vroduct as it did in 1873, While this is true, all settlements are reckoned upon a gold basis, and we have the same result that would befall the dry goods merchant were some one to substitute for his three-foot yard-stick a stick that meas- ured 48.6 inches in length. It would re- quire 86 per cent more cloth to make a yard. The truth of this is proved in another way. We have paid on account of the national debt and interest, in the last twenty years, some $2,000,000,000, and yet of the products of the land, in cotton and wheat and tobacco and every- thing else which labor produces,it would require as much to pay what is left of the debt as it would to have paid it all in the beginning. ‘This means simply that for some reason the shrinkage 1n values in the United States in twenty years is equal to quite forty per cent. or just about the same apparent shrinkage which through various legislation caused silver to seem to decline, but which is really the appreciation in the purchasing power of gold. We tind the same result at every turn. Thus the 2,750,000,000 pounds ‘of cotton raised last year in the nited States did not bring so much as the 1,800,000,000 raised in 1873, In 1878 there were exported 2,562,086 bar- rels of flour, which brought $19,881,664. In 1885 there were exported 10,M§.Mfi barrels which brought only $52,146,336. That is in 1878 a barrel of flour was worth within a trifle of $3, in 1835 it was worth less than 85. Forty per cent. of $8 is $8.20, and 40 per cent. taken from the prico of tlour in 1873 gives its exact value in 1885. Another way to state it is that the purchuiuf power of gold has increased just 40 per cent. In 1880 there were 1n round numbers 50,000,000 of Reoplu in the United States, and the ' specie and paver representatives of money 1n theJcountry amounted to $24,10 per capita. Popula- tion is mcreasing at a little more than 3 per cent per annum, and trade is increas- ing much faster, That makes the popu- lation now a little over sixty millions, which is substantially correct. 1f there was not too much money in 1880, there should have been added to 1t since $240,000,000. There has been no such amount. Moreover, there has been locked up in reserve funds quite $300,000,000 in old. This steadily swelling advanes in usiness—equal to the creation and full equipment of a state annually—the add- ing of 20 per cent to the people, and the steady fight which has been made on sil- ver has brought around the shrinkage in values by the simple action of a natural law. While this warfare upon silver has been going on, all the time there has been $400,000,000 in greenbacks in circulation to secure the payment of which $100,000,- 000 in gold lies in the treasury. If in- stead of the Bland law congress had sim- ply passed a law making in compul- sory upon the treasury officials to re- ceive American silver bars 900 fine and receipt for them in certificates re- deemable in silver coin or bullion, and retire greenbacks as fast as these certifi- cates were issued, we should now have had in heu of them $400,000,000 in paper, behind each dollar of which there would have been 419' Erxnins of silver; the $100,- 000,000 in gold held for their redemption would have been in circulation among the people; silver would have been back in its old position, beside of gold, and the wheat and cotton crop of last year, together with every other orop, would have brought 40 per cent more than it did. Ttis not too late to begin now where the wrong was done, and to re- store silver to its old status, and with it the product of labor. Unless this shall be done the shrinkage will continue until a universal smashing will follow. We suspect that the movement to speculate in silver bars 1 New York simply born of the knowledge of tius fact, and that the projectors of the scheme are simply, in a round-about way, accepting the evitable. Their action ought to be such a hint to congress as shall make the proper adjustment of the wmatter easy this conling winter, P NMASSACHUSETTS Report of the Legislative PRISONS. Committees Severe Arralgnment of the System of Contract Convict Labor, Boston Glohe: Thelegislative commit. tee on prisons has submitted its report as to the condition of the penal institutions of the commonwealth, and their recom- mendations in connection therewith The following is an abstract of the docu- ment: The committee has visited and in- spected overy penal nstitution in the commonwealth, They were found, as a rule, in very creditable condition; the ex- ceptions to neatness and cleanliness were very rare, and confined entirely to county institutions. The institutions which came under the direct charge and super- vision of the state, viz., the state prison of Massachusetts reformatory and the reformatory prison for women, were in their usual excellent condition. Good, wholesome food, well ventilated quarters and humane treatment are the prevail- ing characteristics. The food appeared to be well cooked, nutritious, and given in suflicient quantities to satisfy the nor- mal appetite. If there is any criticism to be made upon the management of our state prison and reformatories, it is that the prisoners are dealt with too leni- ently; they appear to be treated as if in an asylum or a home, and not a place of punishment, We believe that the present volicy is of manifest injury to the prisoner and the commonwealth. 1t should be more rigid and severe, especially in its appli- cation to the state prison, Humane treat- ment is all that is required, and human- ity does not demand that the eriminal who has violated the laws should ub- solved from the rigor of his punishment, ‘Tho committee in visiting the prisons of Pennsylvania, New York and New Jer- sey found a vast difference in the so- verity of discipline as compared with our prisons. Hard tasks, long Smurs and lack of privileges there prevailed. To the philanthropic heart the senti- ment herein expressed may secem hard, but it must be remembered that we are dealing with criminals—many of them confirmed criminals, It is a practical question, and must be met with prac- tical ideas, Our crlminal class is grow- ing abnormal, and is not this untoward growth due in some respects to society itself, whick condones the offense by softening the punishment? A law has been passed by the present legislature affecting the "sontences of habitual criminals. It provids that after the third offense punishable with confine- ment in state prison the sentence shall not be less than twenty-five years. This provision is now in operation in Ohio and Jonnecticut. Its tendency will be to drive the confirmed criminal class out of the state to localitics where sentences are shorter. thus relieving our prisons from one source of its population, There appears to be a constantly grow- ing.evil in the matter of scntencing men to the reformatory for the offense of drunkenness. ‘This institution was es- tablished for the purpose of separating the youth offenders susceptible of refor- mation from the contirmed criminal. Its urpose was not to found an asylum for nebriates, yet that is the direction in which it 1s rapidly drifting. The treat- ment of the unfortunate victims of appe- tite should bo entirely difterent from that laid down for the youthful criminal, yet as the rules cannot be made elastic the course is che same. Theyare not crim- inals, and should not be treated as such. Yet, as long as they are sentenced to the institution they are obliged to conform to the system established. ‘This is detrimental to the criminal as well as the inebriate. Believing that the interests of the state demanded the separation of these two distinct classes who come before our courts {our com- mittee reported a bill establishing a home for inebriates, convinced that such an institution would relieve the reforma- tory from an incubus which at present rests upon 1t. COUNTY INSTITUTIONS. In most cases the jails and houses of correction were found in_excellent con- dition. There are a few cases, however, which deserve some criticism. The build- ings are, as a rule, invery gooa renair, In some counties there is a disposition on the part of the county commissioners to delay needed repairs on the score of ex- pense, This is not true economy; it 13 absolute waste, not to say criminality,for the responsible ofticers not to provide the means for necessary repairs and the mprovements which common decency requires. There is a too common senti- ment among county oflicials to pose as watch dogs of the treasury,and they thus oppose measures manifestly in the inter- est of economy. An illystration can be seen in the case of Essex county, when the county com- missioners opposed an appropriation for the purpose of rebuildinq the house of correction at [pswich, 'his building is filled with filth and dirt to such a degree that it is impossible to cleanseit; ventila- tion is very poor. Kssex county in the near future will either have to construct an entirely new house of correction or re- model that at 1dswich, The less expen- sive plan will be to rebuild at lpswich. CONTRACT CONVICT LABOR. The committee have personally exam- mined the several systems of prison labor us practiced in other states. They are unanimous that the contract system is wrong; that it 18 a violation of the rights of the manufacturer and the work- ingmen; that it is unwise in principle and unsound in practice. We have, therefore, reported a_bill abolishing the contract system, and providing that the convicts shall bs employed 1n manufac- turing such articles as can be used in the different state institutions, these goods to be made by hand labor. It establishes the office of general superintendent, whose duties are to supervise the labor of the convicts in the state and county prisons- In most coun- ties there appeared a great lack of abil- ity on the part of the county commis- sioners in managing the labor of the con- viets, They show manifest incompetency in this respect, This glaringl shows itself when in some of our houses of correction the labor of the prison- ers is let for from 8 to 15 cents per day. With this view it was decided to be for the best interests of the people that the power should be taken from the county commissioners, who had made it evident that they were incapable of properly conducting the labor of convicts. The committee is thoroughly in earnest in 1ts belief Lhat if properly administered the proposed bill will accomplish the long,looked-for result of relieving our worthy manufacturers and workingmen from the harassing and_ Fuinous comy tition which they have 8o long une gone by reason of the unjust compatition with convict labor. But it must be borne in mind that the systeme will be a failure unless the gen- eral superintendent and oflicials subor- dinate to him are in practical accord with the intent and purposes of the hll. Upon them will rest the responsibility, and to them must the people [0ok now that it has become & law. —— The Corporation New York World: The Paciti commission 18 getung some fac investigations in the west which. explain and justify the growing hostility of the people to gréat corposations. Politics. railway .Mr, Thomas L. Kimball, the general trafio manager of the Unlon Pacific road, was brought to adunt that he. had often undertaken to defeat *‘legislation hostii to the company,’ and that he had somes« times “influenced the nomination, eleo« tion or defeat of candidates' in the Intey est of the company. e denied any knowl edge of the use of the company's money, though he would not deny that mone, mlu,:lll have been used without his knowls edge. The fact thut the undiputed transeript from the company’s books shows the dise bursement of over $2,000,060 for which no explanation has been given, and the further fact that Mr. Huntington admits the ¢ 1\»14-_\'mvnl of professional lobbyists s at Washington to ‘'sce that the company received no harm,” indicate very plainl; that Mr. Kimball's efforts and those of other officers and agents of the company were sustained by the power of money. It is this invasion of the domain of pol- itics and of government by the corporae tions that gives danger to their dmima- tion. When they mterfere in the choioe of the people’s representatives, and se~ cure men who will serve them mstead of the publie, elections become a farce and government is perverted from its bene= ficent purposes. The commission should l!m its probe deever. The country would to know more of the methods by which the Pacific raiiway companies have “protected their mnterests.”’ pnlbois il How the Hard Times Began. David A, Wells, in Popular Scionce Monthly for July: The period of eco- nomie disturbance which commenced in 1573 appears to have first manifested it= self almost simultaneously in German and the United States in the latter haft of that year. In the former country the great and successful results of the war with France had stimulated every de- partment of thought and action among its people into intense activity. The war indemnity, which had been exactod 1 had been used in part to pay ofl'the debt obligations of the govern- ment, and ready capital became 80 abundant that banking institutions of note almost begged for the opportunity to place loans at rates as low us one per cent, with manufacturers, for the pur- pose of enlarging their establishments. As a legitimate result, the whole country projected and engaged 1n all manner of new industrial and financial undertak- ings. In Prussia alone 687 new joint- stock companies were founded during the year 1872 and the first six months of 1873, with an aggregrte capital of $481,045,000. uch a state ot things, as is now obvious, was most unnatural, and could not continue; and the reaction and disaster came with great suddenness, as has been already stated, in the fall of 1873, but without ane ticipation on the part of the multitude. Great fortunes rapidly melted away, in- dustry became paralyzed, and the whole of Germany passed at once from a con- dition of upyarcnlly great prosperity to a great depth of financial, industrial,and commercial depression that had never been equaled. In the United States the phenomena antecedent to the crisis were enumerated at the time to be, “‘a rise of prices, great erity, large profits, high wa for higher; large importations, a ay mania, expanded creait, over- ing, over-building, and high living." The crisis began on the 17th of Septem- 1878, by the failure of a comparatively unimportant railwa) compuus—ma New York and Oswego Midland. On the 18th, the banking house of Jay Cook & Co. failed. On the 19th, nineteen other bank- ing houses failed. Then followed a suoc-~ ion of bankruptcies, until in four years tho mercantile failures had aggre- gated $775,865,000; and on Jsnuary 1, 1875, the amount of American rallwa bonds in default amounted to 789,867,655, —~——— Sport as a Means and as an End. sical Proportions of the Typi- D. A, Sargedt, M. D., in’ ne for July: At notime in the history of our country has more at- tention been given to the subject of sical tr: ng than1s given to it a present day. Schools colleges, and Christaln assoola. tions, are building costly gymnasia, while athletic organizations, ball clubs, boat clubs, tennis clubs, etc., are torming in many of our towns and cities. Fifteen thousand dollars is expended ai nually to bring the Yale and Harvard bont crews together at New London, and « it is estimated that $50,000 does not meet the vearly expunces of the athletic organ- izations of these two umversities, Add to this sum the cost of athletic sports to the smaller colleges and and city clubs, ]qml the total would foot up in the mil- ions. ‘The object of this outlay is to van- quish some rival club, to win a cham- |)iuushir, to beat the rocord, or to furnish recreation and amusement_to those who are willing to pay fo! With the rep- resentatives of our institutions of learn- ing, and with a portion of the intelligent public the object of the encouragement givento athletics 18 to counteract the en- ervating tendency of the times, and to improve the health, strength and vigor of our youth. 4 This being the fact, the questions at once arise, ‘me large a proportion of young men in the lund systematically practice athlotics? Probably less than one per cent. How large a proportion of those who are members of athletic organizations take an active partin the sports fostered and patronized by their respective clubs? Probably less than 10 per cent, In the opmion of the writer the oause for so little active interest in athletics is an increasing tendency with us, as a peo- ple to pursue sport as anend in itself rather than as a means to an end. In making excellence in the achleve. ment the primary object of athletio ex- ercises, we rob them of half thewr valve. e s He Wanted to Tell a Little Story. Detroit Free Press: *“‘Boss, I'd like to tell you a littlo story,” said Abraham Scoot as Stebbins left him on the mark, Well, go ahead.” “I was bo'n in Alabama befo’ de war, an’ my grandfather was a—"" “Never mind your grandfather, pris- What were you doing last night?"" can't I tefl whar I'was bo'nt" oner. I tell how de war sot me free?’’ ), sir." an’t I tel! how I got to Detroit from loosa¥" No, sir.” “Doan' you want to know how I growed up from a poo’, no-account nig- or to whar I ar' nowt” All I want to know is what exense you haye for getting drunk and raising a row last night™’ “Bos. de war sot mé free, an’ I had the awfullest time coming from Tusea-—-—" ), Sir oosa in de spring, n “Remove the prisone “Ye D prisol will dun re- move hisself. Dis am de wust co't eher bad a lawsuit wid, an’ I'il dun go off sn’ do hizness wid somevody else!” gl sk Superintendent. day morning sald Sch: Sheriff Coburn yest that to accommoidate the children now in town, and those who svould come here i tha time to attend of the schools least forty be required, in opening in wher, af new ms would He thought the new board would elect the superintendent. He did not know that Mr. James would be re- elected, but thought he would, The on), candidate whose nawme he had he mentioned was the late priucipsl of the Fremount schools-~ A L 44