Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, December 26, 1917, Page 8

= By night time, June 5, my tempera- ture, which was taken regularly twice a day, was very high. 1 was feeling very ill and not taking much interest in life. The next morning when the doctor removed the dressmg he discovered that I had gas poisoning in the wound. Heyc: in the surgeon and they held 2 consultation and decided to amputate my arm. I wasn't keen on this, and told them so. They said I would prob- ably die if I didn’t have the operation. I was so disgusted at being a prisoner of war that 1 didn't care what happen- ed to me. Ther held o long conversa- tion and £n: decided to wait a day or so to sce how ihe wound progressed. Thank geodness, they did. I I had not been in such good health when I was wounded I would probably have cashed in. That day a man came in with a sign- board for the read of my bed. I felt like a convict when I saw my number 3729, Under the word “Krankheit” was “Zerbrechung compl links Unterarms, Alaschinegewehraschuss” (complicated fracture of left fore-arm, shot from machine gun). I supose this was put there to remind me that I did not have hrdrophobia or any other disease. At the bottom was chalked a large 11, and a list of the articles included in' Diet J1. There were two kinds of diet, and ihe only difference between them, so far as I could make out. was the number. Good Boots Disappear Watkins emptied _all the yaluables from the pockets of my uniform and carefully removed the badges. ie did the same for Wells and carried our clothes off to be washed. oner on entering the hospital had his clothes taken from him and sent to the Jaundry. Hospital clothes were issued when he was able to get up, and on Jeaving for camp his clothes, which were tied in a bundle and kept in racks in the basement were again given to him. He very seldom got his original uniform complete, as the boches had a great liking for book boots and often helped themselves. The Russians suf- fered particularly in this respec 1 have scen Russians in rags lined up in the courtyard waiting to be taken away to cimp. Some of them were without socks and had nothing on their teet but the hospital slippers. They were often without a tunic, to say wothing of a great coat. I actually saw one man with his fect in bandages lined up with the rest. Some fool doctor had discharged him from the hospital and he was waiting to hop away with the others probably 10 be put to work as soon as he arrived. After a gregt deal of fuss he was srtuck off the list and left behind. This was a marveious feat for the German tem. Once a thing is down in black and white it is almost unalterable without the kaiser's consent. Thinking of Home. My first three weels in the hospital passed by uneventfull Most of the time I was very sick and didn't take much interest in what was going on around me. I lay thinking of home and wondering when I would get my first letters. There were three nuns in the hos- pital, who were the only women on the staff with the exception of those work ing in the Kitchen. Two of them as- sisted in the operating room and the osther did all the X-ray work. One named Schwester (sister) Edelberta was very nice to us. She made a point % =5 ] | livestock tor tile deplorable By Lieut. J. HARVEY DOUGILAS Fourth Canadian Mounted Rifies . A True and Thrilling Tafe of the Experiences-of a Wounded Canadian Officer Who Fell Into the Hands of the Enemy Copyright, 1917, by Public Ledger Company Bvery pris- View of a ward in a German hospital for wounded prisoners of war cabulary was very limited. Schwester Bdelberta was very religious and did not believe any one could tell a lie. Gray used to hold conversations with her on all sorts of subjects, but usual- Iy religion. His German was terribie but that didn’t bother him in the silghtest. He went right ahead mak- ing the most glaring mistakes in gram- mar and inserting words where he did not know in German. A zreat deal of gesticulations and pantomime helped her to understand. One day he told her that he was a Buddhist or some such thing and that part of their religious rites involved the burning of bones. He invited her to be present one day at this ceremony. She went away very much impressed. leaving Gray rolling on his bed with laughter. 1 think in a year's time he would have absolutely shattered that woman'’s faith. It ‘was a big day when I was allowed up. I put my feet on the floor and then knew nothing more until 1 fould my- self back in bed. Watkins and Hallam had been.standing nearby and caught me as I fainted. Later on in the day I sat up for ten minutes, but had such a- high temperiture at night that I was not allowed up again for three or four days, when I was given a com- plete set of hispital clothes. As soon as I was strong enough T made a tour of inspection of my new home. The hospital contained about five hundred beds, mostly occupied by Russians. There were about fifty Eng- lish patients and the same number of French. The wards were full and the corridors on every landing were clut- tered up with beds to accommodate the overflow. The building was of four stories, and constructed in the ghape of the letter” “L.” There was a small paved court- yard in the center, inclosed on two sides by the hospital, and on the other two big high brick walls in the rear of private houses. In this courtyard, and against one of the walls, was a small stone buildings used as a mortuary. Tt nearly always contained the bodies of one or two patients awaiting burial Almost every day we would see a stretcher covered with a white sheet carried across to the mortuary. A Bit of Graft In one corner of the yard was a pig pen and chicken run. This was the private property of the inspector of the hospital, who used his government position to great advantage. The stench arising from the pig pen made this corner of the courtyard almost un- inhabitable. We had no other place to take exercise. and between the pigs and the Russians we preferred to stay inside. In the basement was a room used for the storing of clean hospital clothing and bed linen. On obtaining a written order from one of the doctors articles of this naure could be secured from a little red-headed German named Loef- in charge. He also over the store of Methy- lated spirits for hospital use. He was not averse to making a little money now and then, and we used to secure a bottle of this precious liquid for our little stove at the price of a mark. We would send Watkins or Hallam down for a clean sheet or a pair of trous- ers. He would carry the empty bottle down wrapped around with the dirty clothes to be exchanged for the clean ones which would hide the bottle on its return trip. Near this was the parcel room which was the most interesting for the pa tients. ATl the parcels and letters for pris- oners in the hospital were censoved at Wahn or some similar place on the Dutch frontier. Those for prisoners in camps were not opened until they ar- arrived at the camp in which the man was situated. The censorship of our parcels generally took from two to four weeks, so that parcels coming from Engiand or Canada were any- where from one to three months on the w The Parcel Room. The parcel room was in charge of a German Unteroffizier (noncommission- ed officer) who had on his staff five or six Bnglish and French soldiers and one Russian sergeant-major. One or two members of the staff, accompanied by a hospital orderly, would zo to the station with a small handcart and col- lect the paitels when their arrvial was announced. Word soon went around the hospital that a certain number of parcels had come, and the excitement was intens until the list s sent round giving the names of all the win- ners. In the meantime the serial num- bers which were stamped on every parcel when it was censored were en- tered in a book oppositac the name of the recipient. The parcels were then opened and the sealed tins extracted. On each tin was printed in ink the hos- pital number of the man to whom it be- longed and then it was placed in a small*room used for the storinz of {*foodstuffs belonging to prisoners. When this work had been completed the men werc allowed (o enter the parcel room one by one and take away the packages and unsealed tins to their wards. Every man was notified of the number of sealed tins that had been piaced to his credit. When he required one of the latter he went to the base- ment carrying with him piates, cups, or any other container he could get hold of. The tins werc “opened and dumped into these receptacles. The regulation was enforced to prevent prisoners receiving compasses or other articles of use when escaping in the false bottom of a tin. By means of a littie dipiomacy and sleght-of-hand we were very often able to get an un- | opened tin to our room without beinz detectied. 1 tucked many a tin into the broad sling which suported my plaster cast and thus got it past the watchful eves of the Germans. In the parcel room were also the rocks which held the bundies of clothes belonging to the patients. Each bundle bore a tag with the name of the man to whom it belonged. When a party was due to leave for camp therc was great excite- ment in the parcel room. sorting out the clothes for the men who were go- ing. Very often it would be found that some very necessary articles were missing, and a hurried’ attempt would be made to substitute these from bun- dles belonging to men who had died or of those still in the hospital. We used to imagine the day when the war would be over and the last man was to leave. We wondered whether he would wear more clothes than Adam. (Continued Tomorrow) SHEEP IN CONNECTICUT. of visiting our room almost every day Two or three times she brought flow ers from the chapel which she placed in water on the lockers beside our beds. She often spoke of her brothers. One of them was in a German Regi- ment of Guards and had been at the front_since the beginnig of the war; the other had lost part of his hand and was at home. She went regularly to the chapel three times a day and prayed for the safety of her brother at the front and for the end of the war. On the occasion of these visits the conversation was weird and wonderful Farmers Should Not Hesitate to Raise Them in Numbers. Should Connecticut farmers breed more sheep? - The farmer must con- sider two questions relating to the sheep industry in order to answer this question to his own satisfaction and to the satisfaction of the public, which at the present time demands more wool and mutton. The first is, what is the market going to be for wool and mutton during the next four or five years: second, what are the merits of to hear. Our German was becoming undoubtedly more fluent, but our vo- is the big trouble ia every serious ess — causing depression of spirits, irritability, nervousdels, imperfect vision, loss of memory, | poor sieep, loss of appetite, etc.—stop it with a régular coarse of s w:{ cl E:g{q—lgomnxh‘ m.a';,-d.:du. lating the liver—the specific for indi- beadache, Biliousness, beart- . fistulency. Puraly vegetable. Plain or Sugar Coated. 80 YEARS® CONTINUOUS SALE PROVES THEIR MERIT. Dr. J. H. Scbeack & Son, H i I PLUMBING AND GASFITTING T.F. BURNS | Heating and Plumbing S2 Franklin Street IROK GASTING FURNISHED PROMPTLY BY TiE VAUGHN FOUNDRY CO Nos. 17 to 25 Farry Street — o ROBERT J. COCHRAN GAS FITTING, PLUMBING, STEAM FITTING Washington Sq., Washington Building Norwich, Conn. Agent for N. B. O. Shest Packing Phone 581 MODERN. PLUMBING as essential in modern houses as electricity is to lighting. We guaran- tee the very best PLUMBING WORK by expert workmen at the fairest prices. . Ask us for plans and prices. J. F. TOMPKINS the sheep industry as compared with other lines of farm operations? There is no question but that the heavy demand for wool af all grades is going to continue. In 1916, 737,679.- 924 pounds of wool were used in_the United States and of this only 288,- 490,000 pounds were produced. In other words, our domestic wool production is less ‘than half of the domestic con- sumption. Previous to the war, the bulk of the imported wool was 6f &ns- tralian and South American - origin. The placing of an embargo on wooi from Australia by Great Britain and the lack of available tonnage for the transportation of South American wool has sreatly reduced our importation: This country then for several years will depend largely on home produc- tion to supply a demand for wool which greatly exceeds the supply. The meat supply is just as short as the wool supply and mutton values have risen in proportion to wool val- ues. The value of our exportations of meat products increased between 1914 and 1916 from 97,000,000 to $201,000.000. There has been a wholesale slaughter of meat producing animals in Europe since 1914, hence it will be several years hefore the meat production of the world will again become normal. If the farmer then feels that the mar- ket is sccure for several years he has only to consider the advisability of raising sheep on the Connecticut farma competition with other lines of_farming. In 1347 there were in the state of Connecticut 162,717 sheep, and in the census of 1915 it was found that we had only 15,900 sheep. The past year finds the new federal homestead law in effect, awarding 640 acre tracts of mpublic land in the west to settlers. Thus the -open ranges of the west are beinz broken up and a large number of sheepmer will be out of business this fall, resulting in a considerabls’ decrease in numbers of ‘western sheep. it is now a recognized fact that tne futare sheep industry of this country mnsi undergo a transpo- sition from: the range tc a farm basis. This wil! mean small fiocks of sheep on the farm with the sheep raising a part of gencrai farming; a general sheep industry throughout the country with the east Becoming a very important factor. Connecticat land is especially’ adapted to the raising of sheep and no other eastern state offers.a better opportunity. for the transformation of the sheep industry. The Connectitut farmer should therefore. this op- portunity at once because western sheepmen are already looking for such land and’ conditions as exist here., ‘The high prices of grains, which are sych a_handicap to the, poultry and dairy - industpies at the Tresent time, has little or no effect on the sheep in- dustry. -Sheep. will not do as well without grain as witll it, yet there farmers selling wool and lambs after year who produce these products ‘with an .astonishingly small grain bill —and in some cases none at all. Our surplus of production directly from the soil must be in forage, either as grass or hay. If our future methods must abandon the liberal use of grain in the final product for the market, it is obvious that the expan- sion must be in’sheep. Sheep Wi utilize inferior pastures of a hilly na- AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS and proper management can avoid the extravagant use of grain. __The constant danger of loss by dogs is given by 90 per cent. of the New England farmers as a reason for not keeping sheep on his farm. The actual damage done by dogs is not as great as many believe, as the statistics gath- ered on this subject show that less than 1 per cent. of the loss is due to dogs. The legal statutes relating to sheep and dogs are_decidedly. in favor of the breeder. He is protected -in that he can recover the full amount of his loss either from the owner of the dog or from the town. The great- est difficulty is in the public’s ignor- ance of laws and in their.hesitating to press a case to collect indemnity that is due them. Every sheep owner should secure a copy of the Jaws relating to sheep and dogs and do éverything in his power to have the laws enforced. The housing required for sheep is such that it places the overhead ex- pense at a minimum. Although it is necessary to keep sheep dry, especially in the lambing season and during the winter months, it is not necessary to build expensive houses. The labor re- quirement is lower in the case of sheep than for other breeds of livestock vhich in these times of labor shortags is a very important factor. Considering, therefore, that the mar- ket for wool and mutton will be safe for several vears, that our land is adapted to. the raising of sheep, and that we are on the edge of the best lamb and wool market in the world, there should be no hesitancy on the part of the Connecticut'farmer to raise sheep, and more sheep.—A. G. Skinner, Connecticut Agricultural College. CATTLE LICE. Now Is the Time to Eradicate—The Cause of Much Trouble. i Many troubles can often be traced to lice on cattie. Lice can be found on cattle through the summer or through the entire year, but summer temperature and general oonditions under which the cattle are living cause a variation in the number of lice. The time to treat for lice is now. Start Pefore the coat of hair is so long and think that it becomes dif- ficult to udminister treatment.: Get the lice before the cold wintry days start. - Keep after them until they are gone. Time will be well spent, and feed saved as well as enabling the herd to appear without the hairless patches and poor condition of the hair in the ceason when they need it most. | Prevention In any case is_ better than the cure. Since somre lice ‘are found at all times of the year, and in small numbers in summer and early fall, it is logical to start the control methods at this time. The week the <ows are brougkt in from pasture is the time to start the control of lice. Professor Lamson of the Connecti- cut Asricultural Experiment Station has found tlfe-life cycle of lice on cat- tle to be about two weeks. This means that treatment to kill lice to- day. will have to be repeated #he fourteenth day-to destroy those hatch- ing from eggs laid previous to the first treatment and not hatched at that time. N Considerable trouble has been found in securing a treatment that will not burn animals. ;Some treatments - are 50 severe that calyes have been Kill- ed by its application. Professor Lam- sonfound' that @' four and one-half per cent. solution of creoline would kill the lice, and .in most cases cause no iburning. The following formula should be followed:— Clip_the ftom the back of the animal from *the poll to the tail eet- ting; a strip. Ahree to, four inches wide is sufficient. Lice are found to infest this area and the region of the thighs and sthe" escu any other ‘parts of the four angd one-half per cent. soiution of creoline. . rength solution per cent. per cent. per cent. per cent. per cent. Creoline o tablespoon tablespoon tablespoon 3 qts. 4 tablespoon 1 galion 4 pints 8 gallons 4. Water 3 pints 1 Sr9% This solution may be applied a sponge or a spray pump. Do not rub_the solution on the mals or it will burn. If the weather coid or a ' Nigh wind blowing, blanket the animals un- til_dry. Make all measurcments of liquids accurate, as too small a quantity of creoline will not kili the lice, and too much will burn the animals. Repeat the treatment in fourteen days, and once every following six weeks until no lice can be found. it is practically impossible to kill lice, and since they lay from fifteen to seventy-five egzs each, it is neces- sary to wontinually use preventative measures.—Karjy B. Musser, Extension Dairyman. with ani- NEEDLESS WASTE OF FOOD A CRIME. By P. G. HOLDEN. During October and November thou- sands of pounds of potatoes and other vegetables were dumped from railroad cars along the tracks near West Chi- cago. It is reported that these vegetables spoiled in transit or before shipment Wagon loads were carted away by hucksters and others and sold or taken home, but the vegetables saved were but a small portion of the whole. There may be a,question as to whether any of these yegetabies were fit for human food at®the time they were thrown away, but it is certain that all of them were at one time good, and that carelessness of some- one caused them to spoil. It is egual- ly certain that most of this produce could have been utilized as animal. food or converted into glycerine, of which there is now a serious need. No matter who is to blame for this waste of food in these days of war and food scarcity, those responsible should be called to account by the proper of- ficials and-steps taken to put a stop o_it. . When we consider the htiman labor Tequired to grow these vegetables, the amount of land necessary for their production, the®high cost of all food- stuffs, and the great need of conservi- ing every particle of food possible in order that we may help win this war, wholesale and needless waste is un- ratriotic, criminal—Ilittle short of vicious. ) FEEDING THE COW. Practice Which Will Make It Po: to Reduce the Grain. The fact that a cow has four stom- achs does not minimize the importance of thefirst or any one of them. Stom- ach number one in a cow is the one that handles the roughage and a prac- tical dairyman in many instances have been making use of it by feeding hay often and in four-to six pound quamti- es. - Hay furnishes ‘the cheapest nutri- ents to which we have access in feed- ing dairy cattle; it has three times as much total digestible nutrients - as silage, and when the cow has con- sumed, 20 pounds of hay she has three times the food that 20 pounds of silage give, or the equivalent of 60 pounds of silage. Silage is economical when not fed in too large quantities. TIts succulence is a factor of great importance, but to rely upon silage alone to reduce the - grain bill this winter is not wise. The water content is so high that valuable space in the first stomach and through- out the digestive tract is utilized. It would seem wise to feed silage at the irate of three pounds for each hun- dred pounds of live weight. This ible ‘| shonid be the maximum rate. to soften and prepare roughases for the cud which the cow can regurgi- tate, and chew at will. The average cow can handie about four or five pounds of hay at a time in this stom- ach. After it is in proper condition it will be re-chewed and passed on to the other stomacks. The repeated filling and emptying of this stomach, by the feeding of hay, supplemented with water of the right temperature, great- ly increases the amount of nutrients needed for production from the cheap- est source. It is entirely possible to reduce the grain needed by this prac- tice. Little grain is being fed at a cost of less than $53 to $60 a ton. A pound of clover rowen is nearly equal to a pound of woeat bran. Common bav is of less value, but is approxi- mately five-sixths the value of bran. Hay is generally plentiful, very handy and the cows are especially adapted tc_using it. Bran is near $43 per to ents in it cost $3.45 cents per pounds. Hay would sell on this basis : slightlv over $35 per ton. Is there a_better market for hay than to sub- stitute it for grain to a limited extent? The only factor to limit this practice is the capacity of the cows. So much bulk is taken up by hay that for hizh records concentrates must be fed; yet much can be saved by the above sug- gestion. Another fact that makes possible the ecenomy of this extra heavy hay feed- ing at this time is that cows in gen- eral have had little grain compared to past years and they are becoming adapted to securing more from rough- ages, but to get the best results fre- guent feeding is necessary. Tt will be found economical to feed v in small feeds, as the cow will not consume hay after she has been breathing into .it for some time. un- less forced to do so. The practice here recommended will waste less hay and more hay per cow will be con- sumed. Accompanying this practice should Le that of furnishing warm water (56 to 60 degrees) either ad libitum or twice daily.—Karl B. Musser, -Exten- sion Dairyman. BEEF the nutri- IN CONNECTICUT Can Be Produced Extensively and at a Profit. With the changes that have taken place in the distribution of beef during the past 36 or 40.years, New England farmers turmed to dairying, fruit growing and market gardening. With the 'exception of bologna cows, a few cxen and steers and very youns calves our beef has been shipped from the west and foreign’ countries. As the western range land has been cut into smaller farms, the conditions have changed until with ths enormous increase in population and manufac- tures prices have increased until there is ‘a_chance for the eastern farmer o produce beef at a profit. It is diffi- cult to get very ‘définite figures to prove this statement, but several cara- ful farmers have demonstrated to their cwn , satisfaction that this is a fact. The small margin of profit often real- ized in dairying, the difficulty in se- curing labor and the large amount of conaentrates necessary to successful dairying and poultry raising are also factors that are increasing the inter- est in beef cattle which can to quite an_extent be produced on roughage. Beef. sheep and swine have grad. ually been regaining lost ground with the eastern farmer, ' but conditions brought about by the war _have brought us face to face with the prob- iem from-a new angle and we are now studying every possible means of con- serving our concentrates and labor,-at the same time utilizing roughage and waste products. That these problems 2re receiving the careful attention of our leaders is evidenced' in the fact that several of our manufacturers have taken steps.to secure beef cattle from the west and have them carried on farms that have for-recent years been pygetically dile. > R e * here is no need to 'argue the desir- ability of livestock for the improve. ment of our farme nor to. explain that|Petrograd municipal council and there |ard spun and kept 100 | our farms is accountable | condition of | varms in. many seclions of New [Iand. Vacant pastures, cheap ha; high priced meat, combined with | scarcity of labor, will sure] accelerate | heef production in New Englanc | Beef can be produced extensiv many of our pastures and on ughage during the winter d intensively by tobacco potato growers nd other specialists who should carry stock of some kind t.- help supply the fertilizer needed f. their business, a problem that g increasingly difficult. This side | lne would also aid in the distribution | of labor throughout the year. | Hay in New England unreason- ably low when compared to other sec tions of the country. The hay market has been seriously cut the Guction of autos and _trucks. summer hay was offered as low in remote districts and a lot of g was allowed to remain standing large- Iv because of the extreme arcity of farm labor and partly for the above reasons. .Hay west of the Mississipp! ter bringing as high as $22 50 per cent. higher thar Cofinecticut prices. These facts com- bined to make attractive to the New Englander the production of beef by the pas and roughage route. The world has never known as uniformly igh prices for breeding stock, particu- larly in Herefords and Shorthorns. The grand champion Hereford bull at the TYecent international rold at auction for $31,000. and durinz the same show a Shorthorn bull calf was sold for $17,500, als 1t auction. While these are record prices for cattie of this kind inconsistent with the pre- | prices of good cattle sold t ian throughout the country during - past year. In northern New Eng- 1and the Hereford is proving extreme- 1y popular as a beef breed. Apparent- Iy doing better in pasture and through the rigorous winters than the compet- | ing breed However., a very great interest in milking Shorthorns has de- veloped during the past two vears and those who have really mood cattle of this breed, so popular in England, are in a posi m to cash in their svrplus stock at very attractive prices, It would not m rash to predict that the milking Shorthorn will here. as in_England, a large amount of milk our country de- velops Present conditions would seem to warrant the keeping of beef cattle on pasture, hay and silage largely, sup- plementing the winter ration with root crops and_ light in feeds where needed. Barn accommodations need not be expensive. in fact, open shed feeding has proven not only satis- factory in economy of feed per pound eof grain but at the same time an im- portant item in the seving of labor. Much of the expensive equipment needed in the dairy business is done away wi and for remote districts ornd conditions where for any reason @airving is inprofitable £l should received conside A maximum gain d on v in cheap | month farmer. r 1 are now marketed at less than two years of age, and this should probably hold true under the conditions out- lined. Labor must be kepé down and the iextensive use of expensive purchasc zrains is prohibited in the production of beef for market. Goad cattie of whatever breed se- lected will play an important part in the success of the project and good feed should not be wasted on a poor animal under any circumstatces. In- diwidual skill a1Ai shrewdness in buy ing, feeding and selling is also a very important consideration in the cessful handling of a beef project. We as a people have not been de- veloping stock or stockmen to ax great extent for the past several years ‘We have, however, come to a turning | point to it is our patriotic duty as w as ‘our privilege to try and utili much of our neglected pasture and meadow land and to materially in- cre: the food products produced ithin our: state—H. L. Garrigus Connecticut Agricultural College. sac- AVIATION DEPARTMENT HAS INCREASED A HUNDREDFOLD At Beginning of War There Wers Only 200 Planes and 75, Pilots, Now There Are 22,000 Planes and 10.000 Pilots. American aviation units up to sjations immediately behind the front in France. The vanguard of the new army of the air for which congress voted $640,000,000 last sum- mer s about to join the forces of land and sea in action against the er- mans. The navy has tripled in size since the war began, and the army has multiplied itself by thirteen. These are rapid . increases. But the first year plans for the air service call for an increase of more than a hundred- fold. Last sprinz the aviation less than 200 airplanes of all degrees of serviceability. Now a fleet of 22,- 000 planes is being built. When war bezan there were 75 aviators. . A force of 10,000 aviators is eing tfain- ed. The total personnel of the old fiying corps, ground workers as well as fliers, wi 2,000. The total per- sonnel of the new flying corps is 100,- 600 Before any real fightinz planes could be turned out a new American industry had to be created. This is the sreat task that has been quietly accomplished in the jast five months. When the aircraft . production board started its work only two companies manufacturing airplanes were in op- eration in America, and the machines they had been making for the allics were of a type serviceable only for practice flights, The first move of the boara was to stop negotiations for the use of ex- isting patents, and to set men al work designing a' ‘new airplane engine which should comprise as many of the good points of the .different pat- ents as those men cared to use. In.a week twenty experts working togeth- er had evolved the idberty motor, which Secretary Baker has. called the greatest achievement of. tuc war so tar. _The Tiberty motor is.a wmodel of standardization. It is bullt with four cylinders, or with ~eight, or with twelve, and the same parts are inter- changeable for all. three of the differ- ent sizes. The greatest automobile ctories in the world have been pro- vided with the machinery necessary for turning out these motors—the fac- tories that have supplied the Unifed States with its 4,000,000 automobties when all the rest of the world gets along with only 700,000, It has been necessary all'along not to interfere with the supply of raw materials, particularly spruce, and of certain completed aeroplane parts, to the flying forces of our allies. In return for those materials the atlies are giving us the rich bene- fit of their experience. Ior months" young Americans have been in.train- ing for our air corps_on the flying fields of England and France. . On & dozen and more of new fiving fields iu- America ' veteran fliers from the western front are helping in the pre- liminary training of our mew avia- tors. As to whether the war can be won in the air there seem to be two opin- icns. At any rate the aviation sec- tion is not leaving any stones unturn- The Bolshevists have mewved corps had have dissolved the * The function of the first stomach islt0o a large extent the reduction .of | will be naw.alections next Sunday. year is desirable. in fact, many cattle | i | Sour, Good Digestion Is Key'to Beauty Stomach Causes and Sallowness. Stuart’s and Gas - filled Pimples, Rash Follow Mcals with Dyspepsia Tablets Retain Your Beauty. One of n on the i areatest {ng= n un = diges and then wits Dysper complish _this result. Women sufferers from _stomac troubles and their suffer in consequence. women are not strange yspepsia. bad breath. gastri tarrh of the stomach, pains in #ls. nervousness. heartburn, be bloating, etc. 50-cent Tablets arc the key And an is indicative of tle attention omach with Tablets wil skin sc A in com how hinz Dys box At ans to bea they sive o uart’s sdrug s to soun relief at ey digestion DISPUTE OVER VACANCY LEFT BY SENATOR NEWLANDS Contest Over Se of Senate Committee. ority Interstate Membership Commerce ‘Washingion. Dec niority membership nterstate commerce tween Senator Smith of. Scut » and Senator Pomerene xpected to precipitate a sharp fisht when the committee meets 1o mame 2 airman in place of the lhile Senato who died at his hor of pmmi present developed S the ranking committee, who, cedent. succeeds to Iixamination of direciories ous years, however, shows that Sen- ator Pomerene was appointed to the committee in 1912, his name pearing in_the direetory April for that vear. while Carolinu senator's nams pear umtil the directory Year later. Senator Smith was today-and could not b was mo indication what would ta Tt is unde ever, th ator Pomere the matter up w Maior Martin and if necessary wit ing committee in question of seniority’ definitely committee chairmanship Is of the most imporiant now in thc ate because of the sun: nterest in transportation problems congres: today rece directory, Senator of the it o member according_ €0 pre- anship. or previ out ve lished The tal WRONG TO SLACKEN PREPARATIONS FOR WAR M. Charles Wcods Savs We Should Disregard Germany's Peace Talk. B Baker fs n peace mor slacl in n., Dee. —Secretary rickt in stating that the Germ: manoeuvers should induce the Trnited their preparations opinion of H. of the Ro: and a recozr tary matter in_this city. To a statement todas pointed out ihat the exit of the war wo remove one of the zreat obstacles in the war of the tion of the desire of Empero iam aud his advisors for dm from Tlamburg to the Versian Gul ar of which they couwlé maintain their position without sea poter. “If anv proof were wanted” he continued, “that the Germans are ne- gotiating peace with Russia have In view their future success in the east. it would be in the personalilie Germap and Turkish delezates war, the Wonds, Fellow phical eiety 1tiority upon il gland, who i 5 EDDIE ECKERT, FORMER CIRCUS CLOWN. MURDERED Shot py ‘an ‘Unidentified Man in Street in Kansas Cijty. Kansas Ci Mo.. Dac —Pdate Eckert, aged formerly- a clown with the Barnum & Bailay circus, wa shot and killed earlv t6%av by an un- identified man who escaped. A mot car with drawn curtains stopped cn a corner in the outlying sectioh of the city, the driver dragged Eckert from rear seat to the pavement. stead- him “with some difficulty. and shot Lim throush ‘the forehead with a vevolver. The slaver then re-entered the car and drove away. Before the body was rémoved and while several persons wers gathercd about it. a car drove up-and the oc- cupant alizhted. Turning a flashligh: on. the face of the dead man. he re- marked “Wel), 1 =ucss Tddie's dead.” witnesses of the killing declared this man. who hurried away again, was the “slaver. The police believe the killing was due to an old srudge. ied PORTLAND MAN KILLED ON THE BELGIAN FRONT Tells of Death Fitzgerald. Cablegram of Joseph Portland, Conn.. Dec. 25.—Word was received herc today by Mrs. William J. O'Brien of the deaih in battle of her brother. Joseph Fitzzerald cablegram from the"¢éRaplain of the regiment to which Fitzge tached . stated that he Was killea im November on .the Pelzigh front. No further details ‘were n. - He had tried to. enlist 10 ithe Phited. States army but wus refUop@ditause of eve Gefects and-later wwas agkepted in the Twentiethe, Canodiin ttalion at Windsor, OFLTRE is first death to come to & BSrtlandy bov in the worla warsi U4 4 EHET L Whiljan, iv row- at CammA'Davens, $bavingy, been called under fhe draft. &, g kil When _thev ran out of yarn eeé, 1 North Dakota women did not g€tor knittinz but shear the 'wo &fron‘ their own.sheen: - = on ‘Wwith thels tting for the soldiere.