Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, December 26, 1916, Page 9

Many Splendid Edi- fices, Rich in History and Hoary With Age, Are in Danger of Be- ing Demolished by Fierce Artillery Fire. Every Great Power Now at War Has Qne or More of These Priceless Heirlooms of the Centuries—A Few of the Best Known and Most Impressive. ISPATCHES from wear-ridden Bu- rope have told of # destruction or in- jury of the an- clent cathedrals which are the world’s most_val- ued specimens of | medieval archi- tecture and which neither time nor money can ever = adequately replace. Alresdy the city of Louvain has ceased to be and its cathedral is only| & hexp of ruins, Further reports con- firm the irreparable vandalism accom- plished by the well aimed German sfege gyns fired at the magnificent old, thirteenth Sentury edifice which tower- ed for centuries over the eity of Rhaims. po % ’ The great loss of art In the shelling of Rheims Cathedral is patnfully evi- dent and its mutilation emphasizes the fmminent danger in which the war places all of the splendid heirlooms of the middle ages, any one of which may De destroyed or irreparably mutilated, By oither accident or design. Not until July 14, 1902, the day when the famous old Campanile in Venice fell, was the ancient tower, begun in $00'A. D., which stood before the west- ern portal of St. Mark's Cathedral fully ppreciated. The writer happgnad .to e in Venice the day it ‘“collapsed,” end the grief and despair of the popu- 1ace wes painful to witness; for, with its irreparable demolition, came the realization of what the hoary heir- looih of centuries meant to the people, their city, Italy, and the whole world. 'ADQ when, Just ten years later, the new e was dedicated—an ex- act repifca of the old in which every of 'brick, bronze, stope and 'ble of the old edifice was utilized— tisns excizimed sorrowfully: it is a good copy, but the no one can rebuild!” And JEurope which are endan- red by the war, and which as un- rvingly may be doomed to the fate which” has overtaken Liege, Louvain, Malines, Dinant, Rheims and Solssons. A correspondent in a recent London ,_djspatch states that “Soissons stiffored terribly,” and declares that o Cathedral and Church of St. Jean have both been badly damaged by the daily_bombardment the city has suffe: ed. e Ghurch of 'St. Jean mentioned is the ruinsd thirteenth century abbey of Pt. Jemn-des-Vignes, of which only the. magnifieent facade flanked by two beantiful towers survived the damage wrought by the German bombardment during the Franco-Prussiun war. The abbey is the place where: Thomae akert spent his exllé df nine years. o Cathedral of Spissons is, or was, example of mixed Romanasque s fin ge Qothle style of architecture, and o fine proportions of tne interior, with, the purity of its carved capital: made it a close:rival to Its more famo sister church at Rhelms, recently de- faged, if not destroyed, by German shella. - - * ZThe Rhelms Gathédral is.prized not pnly as “the most beautiful structure f!’ postles and other'and followed by His flock of woolly 4 A Prasurs Srarur To Wit CATHEDRATL o on each side of the A holy personages. The doore of this central porch are the most famous portion of the Amiens eeD. In Belglum the fnest church is the{bridge bossts thirtwturee large stat- |church in the seven vears' war the |choir stalls of the fifteenth century,and | Rhine from the fifteenth to the nim They are separated by a i lo aLlues of saints, and, besides, bas a huge (damage it did still being discornible. = |the' splendid altar piece by Eock, over , wh year as terior 1is repor- 1d old’ different pertods, from the - thirteenth cen-. B Gudules: splegdid cathedral was erected in 12320, th Cathedral. marked by simple but no tions, and it Is rich in sp! stained-giass of “Le Beau Dieu d’Amiens.” His right hand is raised in' blessing and in his left ho holds the 80 of all the other antique| i xfie“rngfr:n }(\)th xtegtu}é%n":: The side portals are richly aderned with numerous fine statues and orna-| mentéd with , sculptu stories of the Bible. window above the porch of the south transept ‘represents a ‘“wheel of for- tury down to very finest of. all ars‘thy five {n the Chapel of the were presented to the ca- k 40 by the five mmost power- ful Cathollc rulers of the time, in| honor of the dogma of the stolen es showing the e splendid rose- | s ¢ TV Thé interior of the cathedral is well proportioned, ith nav alslea and cholr all flanked with hand- | Fach window bears the porirait of The Arst nave|the donor and his patron saint. Rx- reaches the unusual helght of 147 fest, n this respect only t Beauvils. hy which is surpassed by the cathedral walls " of the choir have alto-rellefs which are colored and gilded, senting the history of tist and other gairits. altar s’ a noted mon ‘Enfant .Pleursur,” a angel by Blos: have. painted John the. Bap~ Behind thn:tglé)h firadt, t lavely”, “mard set, the noted” artist, z: Amiens cathedral very antiqu & gilt robe, chofr stalls stalls are" 11 One: T tpprodugiio s figurs of the Savior .in and its exquisitely scarved: are world famous. 0 in number, no Isss than all executed In the *t examples - ng seen on the Scriptural, subjects ar. 'y occupations - are]; The'ltne' 1 L et the University;in’ Brusss] century, the wood carver's ari tavorite, Bu on -for the theft the. J¢ hard In the olden day tho Jewshad o nacd ot the middle ages,” for its exquisite Wwestern facade, with its three recessed rtals embellished *with §30 statues| B2 | 80l statusttes, its Tovely. rose-window,| 5 2tU® Of ‘Peter the Hermit, known in|anth Amiens as “Pierre de Amiens,” s _the holy promoter hermit and monk followers as far, as dying at ‘Huy, Belgiym, ater, “but always { ama‘for its sculptured towers; but also 1 itd unique historical’ vaiue, as the ide the Nigh altar,with King Charles VIII of France. %0 long graced the famous por- ive destroyed hich it has “be s reported that turies. - Whi ‘fourteen pi of the celebrated Loncourt tapestry” representing Life of Christ” wers very for- tely removed to a place of safoty efore the bombardment, the greatest hension 1s still expérienced in circles in both Europe and America vegarding the safety of the magnifi- gent paintings and other art treaSures e cathedral {s known to have housed. .Among most priceless were toretto’s. “Natlvity,” “Christ and derful cenvas, "Christ Appearing to MMary Magdalen.” The fate also fl in doubt “of the vostly gold reliquaries, churoh plate and other eccelslasticai heirlooms known to have been in the cathedral’s treasury. Among them are a chalice of the twelfth century and a monstrance of the thirteenth, used st the coronations of the different French monarchs for more than 700 Vears. - x * ‘With the fate of Rheims in mind, the eathedrals In the war zone acquire greater interest and Amportance. In France no cathedral takes precedence over that at Amiens. It is a most im- posing and beautiful Gothic edifice, and was erected in 1220. The massive grandeur of the building is relieved by the lofty and ‘extremely graceful slender spire over the transept. The o has lofty porches which are facad richly adorned with reliefs -and and above the door, in the {Praha) { in'| Back of the cathedral is the bronze ht! ‘gatehOlges at’ ea: the Moldau ‘river wo portions of the city. ~The eioh Joins. who 1sPETe urch in whigh the French kings have| who in crowfied for 700 years. Here. on a | Asia M July morning in the year 1429 the; 50mé ninetee: #tle maid.of Orleans, fiyshed with: vic-| known as.Peter of Aj 0ad b Oneof the fin sucred standard In- her hand. tofdrals, not onl tness the crowning of the Dauphin|of all Europe, 1096 led his AMERICA THE ONLY COUNTRY BUYING WORKS OF ART nce likewise, but| Recent Sales of Great Pictures of England Causing Alarm There. est of the modern cathe- upon Montmartre, dral of Sacre Coeur. proportions, and in the Poday many of the statues which|Paris, the Cathe is of colossal s are knowr to be headless, and| Romanesque is feared irreparable injury has baenl.one of the famous lan igaused by the fire ‘which swept the| towering over the g §éval sanctuary apd which may{ historic hill, London. Dec. 25.—There is a pecu- It s liar appeal to the art world of Amer- in the proposal now before the sthe| House of Lords to sell famous pic- tyrs,| tures in the National Gallery in or- Pan-lder to provide funds for the purchase of still more noted paintings and thus stem the flow to the United States. America_is the only country buying| works of art just now. Recent sales| to noted collectors States of some of the great pictures in England have alarmed the local dmarks -of Paris, reat city upon the Mount: of Mar is end. his two com: uted to have suffered o foundation of the Cathe- dral of the Sacred Hgart was laid in 1874, Sust atter the Franco-Rrussian war, and the basflica is said to cost’ 24,000,000 franes. i e The hill of Montmartre played an im- France and the Praselan and Romis e sslan an uesi: allles in 1814, and again fluring"t;: SRR slege of Paris in 1870-71 here, also, that the gory-han. oo Sagn oAt DT, Py Bicuhers sad St 4} French Gens. Clement-Thomas and Le g P onns wons| comte, and bathed Parls in the horrors of the commune. The Cathedral of Sacre Coeur is not only impasing and possesses a m, cent situation, but the interior o is also particularly beautiful and impressive. glass windows, he sscred relics of | where St. Den 0, the “repository for fons are re the United portant ‘part Bnt the proposal which authorizes the trustees to sell works -1 which have been bequeathed or given ] for the benefit of the nation is op- posed by a large body of distinguish- ed painters and = sculptors breach of faith. i and it was involves a serious Another objection i that it would break up the works of|optained? Supposing then that Lord J. M. W. Turner, who is ranked b¥|p'Abernon’s bill had become law, it tas Memorial association with head- | lovely stained| many as the greatest artist this coun-|is” evident that Turners would not the greatest difficulty in persuading i| work: i arters here has worked for a suit- the choir are by Stsinle and oy has pr:?\llced and the greatest|in o soprlicd. tho reqmired demands, [T, 0 enter the train that carried her G s arches of et e b -|but $1,700 6n the bronze statue. This In a formal protest to the primelthe trustees would have been obliged |, L1¢ NUns were unable to bring eny-|but § behind the fifteenth century finely ' minister, a score of noted painters andlfy gip into the Dutch collection.” ¢ sculptors declare . that the proposed | powers have never yet beeu given to a similar board of trustees by any state or legislature. [ the immediate resuit would be to dis- courage prospective donors and testa- tors and that no future. purchases . could compensate the nation for -the destruction of the Turner collection. : T“‘Sunvporte:;isu of the gill ds.uyt that tt‘x’: rner works are redundant, are I 1 appreciated and could easily be s0ld|iree erected on the grounds of the[tenon by the Irish brigade, then in theimous prices for steel in the' United | where they now repose.in & rich reil- ,and the funds devoted to obtaining ' more wenderful masterpieces. particularly on thef | weat, flood the immense cathedral witn celestial ight and make the scriptural, figures painted on the glags stand out. with startling’ realism. has ever visitéed Sacre Cosur when the sun was shining through the gorgeous- y colored windows can ever forget: f the scene and the amaz- ing effect of the rainbow hues which light up the innumerable chapels. n the sanctuary of the newly beau- tifled Mald of Orleans, so dear to French nation, is an exquisite shrine to the new St. Jean d’Are, in which is an exquisite white marble statue of the maid, clad in armor and with her bat- tle standard, most seraphic expressfon. All over the cathedral at frequent in- tervals are tall stands with many rin, m, is a fine relief 'of :The [of burzing candles, and, high above ent,” while in the yault-|priests, acolytes and worshipe: flg statues representing the | down the fair-haired Good hierarch: ¥, With large M&'ltfi the ur.uc_u‘m No one who the beguty o They say that ng up with HEDRAL, AT VITNNA o cfiusrn;f ',,—,,—-’-:—"’—‘ é\ ——————Tophe ;DaMr CATHLDRAL < MIENS TRANCE. centuries. The partially completed ca- thedral stood upon the banks of the teenth century entirely negleoted. iqh hedrs an interesting in- | The finest and most famous cathedral | the black marble hizh altar in the cen-| The magnificent structure, from more sceiption, which reads: of Austria-Hungary is undoubtedly St. | ter choir. At the west end of the ca- |than 300 years of lack of care or &t- s cross was bullt with the money | Stephen's Votive Church in Wein, or | thedral are the “reisenthor” (giants’|tention, was slowly falllng into ruin, paid by a Jew, who was fined for | Vienna, as we call it. It fronts on |door). when, in 1796, the cathedral was ¢on- reviling the cross, in®i606.” As the |the fine Maximilianplatz and is one of | The cathedral of Berlin, compared | verted into a magazine for:stpring hay figure of the crucified Son of Man is |the best examples of ecclesiastical | With that of Cologne and other splen- | by the French, and later, to make its !‘ ¥ eportiéns, the sum ex- |Gothic architecture in Europe. Al- |did cathedrals, is insignificant. It was| jilapidation complete, the lead was Jacted must hawe been also excessive |though erected from 1300 to 1510, por- | erected in 1747 and restored in 1817 | pgtracted from its temporary roof. A6ws | in sjze. A little further across the |tions of the original bullding dating |It contajns the bandsome sarcophagi of | Frederick William III end four Prus- bridge, upon swme side. of the |from the twelfth century were ttil- | the Great Biector, who dled in 1885, | gian kings rescued the old edifice from thoroughfare, is the figure of Prague’s [lzed. The plan. is that of a Latin and that of King Frederick, who died | total destruction; but it was not really favorite. patron saint, St. John of Nic- |cross and the cathedral is built of twenty-five years later. Beneath the |renovated till 1823, when rr Zwirner, oras, Ths huge statue is surrounded |limestone. gathedral are the imperial burial vaults | » masterof the Gothic style, was put in by five enorygous metal-stars, which | The richly groined vaulting is borne |in which the relatives of the kaiser's | charge of completing t! hedral, the are nded lrnm:t’ him. by eighteen massive pillars adorned |family are interred. == annual .funds for which being t is fixed nearby, upon the | with more than a hundred statuettes, | The Berlin Cathedral's chief clalm to| sriped by the government, private - | palistrade of the bridge, which duly |and every pillar has its own individual | Popularity rests upon its splendidly | gypscriptions and from the proceeds of actly as in the works of the old Lexplains that upon the very spot the |shrine, each to a different saint. The trained cathecral cholr, instituted by |, jottery. The eathedral is a oruciform masters, the great artist the portraits of tbeir richpatrons as worshipers at the'feet of the celeatisl personages they have hien Paid ood St. John was attached by im- [roof is covered with colored til Frederick Willlam IV for the promo-|girycture, the nave being flanked with Bious sr';enf eflw arew hies over the | there ia Mms gluu,hbut the cat tion of sacred music. The services in |, qouble and the transebt with siusle g!‘ld Thto the river far below. There |is so enormous in size that it seems |the church are alwiys well patronized, | 7igles. Tiie magnificent towers are o Pthe ‘holy’ man's body fleated for five [dark awd gloamy. The eagle's daor | for the Berliners love music, and the ca- | 52 fcet’ in height, the loftiest in- Bu- ‘days, with five .stars dding ‘bim rev-| (adlerthor): entrance to- the lit- | thedra olr are picked professionall ope, and tho massive masonry'is. em- I 3rance by their -pres nus‘?‘?t“o; jmm’i Sj ch-pe‘l: 5‘ veg:.ll;k:rlflr,‘ xggr;fogi singers who give concerts frequently. bellizhed ,Im, ,,%,;g“b‘:g:_;:?:‘-" ::‘r‘- 3 ““where D O ng a rich v R = rets, galleries, co = E ver the b e | the -e of the Emperor Francis Jo- |* * * follage. TR aen tho. Catyedral and Forte: ophe i 2853, from. daath by the nand | Koln, or Cologne, s the largest city | “nc Strassburg Catgedral, in Btrhss- “I'polifan-Chusch of St. Vitus, begun .in | of an assassin The emprons And hen [Of the ‘Bhine provinces, and is also ajburs, the caplial of-Alses pa-onsaing, i - |afofea son Rudo] ¥ § : ture, whicl 'hfiifi"‘:mfmmaamx 1s dedicated to | the cathedrai, but sleep in' the ‘orypt J/[OFtress of the first class. It is.the cen- | & fno stractun® WIS ol ies "the site s w' 8t. John sha: the honors lofg the Capuchin Church, where algo Jter®f the Rhine trade, one of the prin- | of'an ancient church founded by Clovis with hi ng an enormous shrine, |are the mausoleums of Marie Theresa, |‘cipal commercial places in Germany, | in-thegsixth century. ot has ittle axtistic value or beauty, | Marie Lauise, second wife.of Napoleon, |and the proud possessor of a cathedral| Its Mhe facade is by stlgmbm:..':nmfl. ¥ of sotid slver: b cathe- | fombe unpleasantly. crowd the cntire |Anest in Europe, or the world. It is a|in€ the Creation &nf, FeConP n ex- _‘copteine the manument of the(crypt. ‘cathedral which has a unique history | istence. The light enters the eathedral ingm, @ fipe tomb -in marble and ala- | In the cathedral a stonme in front 6f|which-shows the deliberateness of the | through splendid old staiped-glass dat- aster,. by Colin of Malines, erected in |the vestry closes. the entrance to the | Teutons. ing from the fiffeenth century, and the sixteenth. century over the hered- |old burial vault of the soverelgns of | Begun in 1248, the last stone was not| the richly carved stone pulpit is & work ftary burial place of the Bohemian |Austria; but for the last 200 years all |placed in position until 1383, when, in| of art executed by Hans Hammer in in, fmoparchs. Prussian bombs, way back'|the members of the imperial family .the presende of Emperor William and | 14g5, The tower of the cathedral, with i‘?. 1787, badly damaged the cathedral, {have been interred in the Church of |the scions of the royal family, with ir its lofty windows and perforated stair- and today -a ball may be seen, sus- |the Capuchins. pressive ceremonies, the Cologne Ca- | case turrets, is most imposing. to ] e, dedion a'chain frem a pillar, which | The greatest treagures of the Vienna | thedral was formalily completed after| Western facade is particularly B one Cor” thoss which injared the | Cathedral are the beautifully carved|a walt of more than six and a quarter| ' ° = * SRR =T S — e - - besutitul, having been completed g 3 - 1 i ith the ginal schools. In other words they say|DETAILS OF FLIGHT OF mitfed from; tme to time. ThSlr con- -’{p“flo;fi?:’“;o‘:fl;nm esntury, which that there are too many “Turners.” vent, which is close to the Ypres town 5 s Chupel R They want to get Tid of some of them| ABBESS PERGE FROM BELGIUM still exists. In tho Maternus Chapel hall, was wrecked by German shells. ¢ St. John. under glass, so that they can prevent other mas-|_. Z— in the Chapel o terpieces from crossing the Atlantic.|Eighty Gears Old, She Had Never(ypory ANNIVERSARY OF are carefully preserved the 0;‘:1;-: Many artists and students of Tur-| Been Outside of the Convent Since THE DEATH OF POCAHONTAS | Skstches of the cathedral. The forme ner ‘have joined in the opposition to| She Entered Novice. C portion was found in Trance _in 1816, the bill. Lord D'Abernon an e e R e latier, & Jerpe e trustees of the gallery have been at-| Dublin, Ircland, Dec. 25.—The death|T° Be Commemorated by the Unveiling | 0, /110y arawn on parchment sfiow- tacked in parliament and through the|opion occurred recently at the con- #E 2 Brouxs. Slgu ing the two towers and the western press, the trusteed being accused of 2 — g e o n the campleted form, Wss Selecting a_favorable opportunity to|vent at Edenmine, County Wexford, of| Washington, Dec. 25.—Plans arc be- [facade as in 16 “ERZ SR Gif smuggle a bill tthr'obugh gi:i\ng flzem; Abbess Perge, a member of the com-(ing rx;a«‘ile byl the Pocanontr:s {f‘elr\o&)&fii ;‘;‘; ?n“b taimed-glass window above selves powers to betra: eir trus i _|associas o commemorate the 2 e puy & fow more. plctures whicn|munity of Irish nuns of Ypres, recall-|30AC BOR 10, SCTITO) Poenton- | the western - portal. was sxscutea by under present conditions are regard-|ed an interesting story of her flightlias daughter of the Indian Chicf Pow- | Milde of Lubeck, and presen = ed as unnecessary luxuries. from Belgium during the German in-|hatan who .saved the rginia colony | German crown prince and his wife. rt; But it appears that what the ob-|vasion. The Abbess, who was a Bel- from starvation and massacre and also |sixteenth century glass in the no = jectors fear most is that the privi-|gian and 80 years old, took refugo in|is Credited with having saved the life [gisle is a particularly fine example lege thus given to the trustees willlthe Irish convent after a leng and |of Captain John Smith. A bronze‘smtue the best workmanship of .that period. prove the entering wedge to a Sys-|tedious journey from her stricken|of heroic size has been compleied at|Tyg modern gless in the windows of the tem that will threaten the unique col-|country.” In this she was accompanied|a cost of $10,000 to be unveiled on ousn portal were executed in Serlin, lection of Dutch pictures. ‘It waslhy other nuns from Ypres. Jamsstown Island, Virginia, in March | 27050 J0F 00 ogented to the cathedral by only the other day,” wrote a noted| Before the German bombardment |next vear, the 300th anniversary of |TH0 P8 o artist to the Telesraph, “that certain|drove the Abbess and the other nuns|Pocahontas’ death at Gravesend, Eng- | ™/ F e 10 0l "Cathedral, while partic- noble peer parted with a celebrated!into the world she had never been out-{land. ~ A site on the historic island e T 1t e S Italian picture for America, and 18 it|gide the walls of her convent since she|has been dedicated by the Asscciation | ularly fa e . not to be presumed that the Drover-|antered it as & novite some sixty years|for the Preservation of Virginta An-|and ornate Gothio.towers ard al sum of 100,000 pounds has *been|pefore, , She had never before teen a(tiquities and the pedeatt‘l1 h;s :eeni .plgnd:: .lculp:::liu:; :: 'r.l‘a in erected. For ten years the Pocahon-| splendid glass w vable railway train, and it is said there was P st e e s art| the lable memorial and now has patd all and. in order to make the purchase|tC Safety. = bronze s s i represent the angel choirs. The walls thing away with them and were des-|Sum, it is expected, ,will be contrib- completely cpv- - |titute When they reached England. A|uted by the time the temorial is ready | carved ;&"‘:l:;“: Lk oot oo A strong appeul is made on senti-|place was bought for the community|for dedication. ered Wi v s mental grounds. The pictures Werelat Edermine. One of the members is e JNicenoc ope . obtained by bequests and it is con-ls niece 8f John Redmond. who has al-| A fine cargo steamer of 8,800 tons | ments. sidered unfair to deeased donors to|ways taken a keen interest in the com-|dead weight, which has just Deen | A marble mausoleum in the Chapel of have their gifts traded with, or thelmunity, and who helped them to secure| completed in Japan, is reported tolthe Three Kings contained the “bones national gallery “changed from a Der-|their present Hdme. have been sold to Japanese owners for | of the Magi,” believed to"have heen manent resting-place into an occa-| Before leaving Ypres the nuns man-($210 a ton, or nearly $1,850,000. Japan, { cuted by the Empress sienal auction mart. aged to bury in & safe place = their|being unable to secure steel from Eng. | DTou '"{fc.v e p"":g“-d ~ precious historical possession — the|land owing to the needs of the muni- | 5% th 'k Barbarosa to Archbishop von Thompsonville.—The large Christmas|fag captured from the British at Fon-|tion factories. is having to pay enor- | Sackile: who removed them to Cologne, service of France. The “Dames Pre-/States. The price of steel plates at uary in the cathedral’s “treasury.” Led by|Congregational church | was ligh:ed|landaises,”. as they were known, fled|Pittsburgh is now stated to be as much %M heart of poor Marie de . Lord D’Abernon, the author of the[Saturday night for the first time, and|frome Ireland to lgium in the reign'as $i25 a ton, and the sea freignt to | Who died in exile in Cologne in the they ‘assert that of 23,000 pic-|made a splendid sight. A large star|of William III. The connection with Japdn is $40 a ton. Before the war :!‘:dei {‘ Richulist, who seat Bar ints | tures and drawings owned by the|of red electric lights has been placed|ireland was always maintained, novic- plates were sold in Burope and doliv- n eliou, epherd|, National Gallery, 20,000 are by Tur- ler!ner, and 3,000 by artists of all SR o - r as her inveterate ememy, - » buried under an un 4 on the church spire and it can be sesn|es going from Ireland régular'y, al-ered in Japan for an inclusive charge | Sxie—ls Fer the Cnay Other |for many miles. @ though a few. Belgians have been ad-of $30 a ton. : .':‘:“&.‘.‘..“’ x'nm sl » p p e - - ¥ . P