Norwich Bulletin Newspaper, February 12, 1916, Page 4

- Borwich Bulletin and Goufied 120 YEARS OLD E tion 1%¢ & week; S0c a nomths 38,00 & year. Entered at the Po: Norwich, otfic an., as seoond-class madtter. e Telephone Calls: O R G 1A e e oria ~ Bulletln oletin Job Otfics 35-2. e tmantic Office, Room 2, Murray Building. Telephons 210, Norwich, Saturday, Feb, 12, 1916. The Circulation of The Bulletin The Bulletin has the largest circulation of any paper in Eastern Connecticut and from three to four times larger than that of any in Norwich. It is delivered to over 8,000 of the 4,053 houses in Nor- (o i taken in more than one direction. much effort cannot be made in enforcing the regulations looking to the safety of older people as well as children while in or crossing the streets, it cannot help being realized that some substitute must be pro- vided If it is to be expected that the and it is just such a substitute which is afforded by the playground. Not only does this sound good as an argument but it works out equally. well in practice else the movement would not have taken so throughout the country and continue to show such healthy growth each year. The little that is done for the children through playgrounds is no more than they have a right to expect. THE PETROLITE CASE. It has taken sometime for this gov- ernment to reach the case of the Pe- trolite but now that inquiry has been made of Austrla for an explanation of the affairs it remains to be seen whether any more satisfaction is ob- tainable from this than the notes concerning the Ancona and Persia. There has been a cessation of the submarine activity in the Mediterra- nean but that can by no means be taken as an answer to the manner in which the Petrolite was attacked. This American ship, flylig the stars If you are inclined to feel discour- aged just break up the habit of com- paring your expectations with your attainments. Nine-tenths of the ex- pectations of life fllusions—things which can never be realized. We ex- pect people to in some way ald us ;:cn they can see no Teason for do- S0; and we expect people to man- ifest thanks as we think they should instead of as they are inspired to; and we expect people to be polite to us when we are not especially polite o the We set_our hearts upon pro: fiting by a scheme which was design ed to fleece us, and when it proves a poor partnership for us we are dis. coursged. There are three things which beat everything else in life we can hope for—good health, a clear perception and a merry heart; and they are just as easy to cultivate as any of the bad habits which keep us ina turmoil or. an atmosphere ' of despair. Cut out those expectations and find pleasurs in the best you are getting now. It is of less importance to us where Paradise is located than Low our mind is cultivated. The mind that hatch a bugaboo or start a fear e hour couldn't find happiness i Heaven. Misery and indigestion may wich and read by ninety-three per cent. of the people. In Windham ana stripes and bound for this coun- try was fired upon in the Mediterra- be improved by the use of medicated tablets, but happiness cannot be pro: duced by artificial agents. Indwell- it is delivered to over 900 houses, in Putnam and Danielson to over nean and the shelling continued even after the tanker had been brought to ing joy finds its place In the heart when the heart has been prepared for 1,100, and in all of these places it § is considered the local daily. H Eastern Connecticut has fort; nine towns, one hurdred and sixty- five postoffice districts, and sixty ‘rural free delivery routes. H The Bulletin is sold in every town and on all of he R. F. routes in Eastern Connecticut. CIRCULATHON 2 1901, average. 1905, average February 5. ..9,100] eeseesascssasaseseronsassoses —_— GARRISON’S RESIGNATION. Much surprise was occasioned by the resignation of Secretary of War Lindley M. Garrison, and because of the general recognition of his broad- mindedness and qualifications, which caused him to be looked upon as one of the strongest members of the pres- ident’s cabinet, there will be regret . that he found it necessary to give up | his portolio. Mr. Garrison has made it evident that he was much dissatisfled with | the manner in which his recommen- dations were being treated by the president. He has made it apparent that he was firmly and unalterably committed to the plan for strength- ening the army which he had advo- cated and was unwilling to accept the substitution of a federalized mi- 1itia for his favorite continental army scheme. 1t was not the first time however that his recommendations for improving the army had been de- parted from for his reports have al- ways displayed his recognition of the | need of making some radical changes. But 1t was not alone the failure of the president to support his army plan which caused him to resign for he makes it plain that though out- side of his department as a counselor to the administration he was strongly opposed to the attitude that was be- ing taken relative to the independ- ence of the Philippines. Matters had apparently gotten to the point where he could sanction them no longer and the only course left for this con- sclentious adviser was to step out and remove such obstruction as he - appears to be causing. It comes at a time when it is bound to give the ad- ministration cause far much serious thought, ARMENIANS NEED RELIEF. When the people of this country are offering their assistance for the re- lef of those people in the war strick- en portions of ‘the world, it is impossible to overlook- the genuine meed which exists in Asiatic Turkey _ Where the Armenians have been _driven {rom their homes, only to be massacred by the thousands, and where a half million or more are to- day depending upon charity to get a . living. The plight of those people is ‘without a parallel in the war for while others have been made to suf- fer deprivations and forced to flee | from their homes the hand of oppres- sion has not been raised against them ~ as it has with the Armenians where _ eriminals have been released from | prison upon the provision that they . would kill, ravage and maim with the . sole object in view of exterminating . this race. _ The Arménfans are a worthy peo- ple and while there is a disposition to help suffering humanity they ought not to be forgotten. Many have been @ble to make their way out of the country and it is probable that they will never return but there are still & large number who cannot get away, who have mo way of earning a liv- | g and who would probably be pre- [ Fented from ekeing out an existence | _ 4 there was work for them to do, so [ determined is the effort to starve [ them out if they cannot be eliminatea | in_any other way. When it is realized that a large ~ proportion of these are women and Lh@ldren and the conditions which have been revealed there thrcugh in- ‘vestigation aro substantlated by re- | turning missionaries, it can be ap- | preciated that the opportunity for ‘sending all the relief possible to those \dastitute people cannot be overlook- 4, and thoso who give early give 7 | been an increase of 160 per cent. the number of children killed in _ citles - by automobile and other fle within a vear. In Brooklyn it “even claimed that someone is every five hours on an average an auto which certainly gives use for the devotion of proper ought to securing a remedy. The fact that children make up a proportion of tho number killed in many instances they are d loose in the streets leaves no ound for wonder that there is so enthusiasm displayed in behalf the playground movement. Aside m the carelessness which charac- much of the traffic in the ets tho fact that the children con- r the thoroughfares as their re- tion ground, because there is no r, adds materially to the highway nedial action therefore needs to a full stop. According to the Petro- lite's commander it was an Austrian submarine and its commander de- manded that he be furnished provis- fons. This was an unjustified demand and it was refused whereupon a member of the Petrolite's crew was held as hostage and the submarine officials proceeded to take what they wanted. What excuse Austria can offer for any such act is difficult to surmise but it is apparent that the submarine commander was not to be frustrated in his determination because he was violating international Jaw or because it was an American ship which he had held up. It was robbery on the high seas as viewed from the manner in which the Petrolite's captain sets forth the case. That he had a right to stop and search the ship cannot be questioned, but the shelling after it had stopped, the seizure of stores and the holding of a member of the crew as hostage is a glaring plece of mis- conduct entirely different from what has prevailed in other cases and the start to call Austria to account has begun none too soon. FORECASTED AT START. It was a worthy effort which was made by the state department in en- deavoring to get an understandins between the belligerent nations relative to armed merchantmen. The difficul- ty of the undertaking must have been recognized from the very start. Were it possible to eliminate the subma- rines the ouestion might easily have been settled, and the chances are that it would not have risen, since no warship need have any fear of the small caliber guns which liners are likely to carry but the prominence of the submarine in the warfare has completely changed conditions since even the three-inch guns can sink the thin shelled submersibles at long distances. It is true that if the underwater boats were operated under interna- tional law instead of under policies which disregarded the rights of non combatants, merchant vessels and humanity in general, there could be no good reason for arming commer- cial vessels, but cven though reforms have been repeatedly promised and some effort has been made of late to liv up to those promises, the difficulty of forcing those nations which have been exercising it to give up the ad- vantage which they possess in the submarine is apparent. Great Britain intimates its lack of faith in the Teutonic powers living up to any such contemplated arrange- ment and the latter are determined to make use of armed merchantmen as an excuse for the interference with the commerce of the allles at every opportunity. The indicated outcome of the effort of this country is there- fore only what was forecasted at the start. EDITORIAL NOTES. The man on the corner says: There is no law under which a man may be arrested for resisting a bad habit. Regardless of the February snows there are a lot of people who are anx- iously looking forward to the opening of the straw hat season. It has become a well established fact that the people do not have to urge those who are anxious to secure a presidential nomination. A determined effort to make both ends meet appears to be underway when lower necks and shorter skirts are predicted by Dame Fashion. ‘There is not so much that can be said in support of the last resigna- tion from the cabinet as was possi- ble concerning the previous one. The suffrage leader who declares that the woman who Kkills,should hang has probably been aided in reaching her decision by the action of chicken- hearted juries, From the tremendous expense to Which the people of Switzerland have been put by the war, it s possible that they will yet be forced to get into the breadline, There is a strong contrast between the appeal which Justice Hughes' qualifications make to the people and those which are possessed by thot who are advertising themselves. Even though Secretary Garrison was only a short time ago backing up the democratic administration in the Philippines he wasn't 8o partisan as to belleve in the policy of scuttle. ‘When Col. House takes a suite on the top floor of a London hotel he ought to have the American flag painted on the roof as a measure of preparedness against airship ralds. A New York man's life was saved because the bullet fired at him struck a five-cent piece. Many a street cor- ner panhandler understands what a lite saver a nickel or a dime can be. Armor plate manufacturers threat- en to double the price if government plants are decided upon. Uncle Sam never used to be in the habit of be- coming frightened at any such threats its habitation. Physical and spiritual happiness are states of feeling pro- duced by a harmonious relation to the good and the true, by pure minded- ness and acts prompted by charity and love. Pious ‘whimpering doesn't ex- cite heavenly interest in any one— | pious action is the thing which makes the human mind an attractive place to the holy spirit, and ite conjunction with the human soul produces the happiness which abides forever. A man who loses money but gains wisdom thereby is ahead of the game. There are compensations which come to us in reverse order. We cannot eat our cake and have it, but we get a lot of attention if it provokes our stomachs to protest, and perhaps have a doctor. A misstep gives us a fall which learns us to be more careful. Many a man has lost his fortune and discovered thereby that he was rid of a burden. The man who has never slid down hill has never realized the exhilirating pleasure of a second climb. Misfortune often proves to have been good fortune if we only get the right view. point. The spirit of man was designed to rise above cir- cumstance, and it cannot be held down. Look up, think up and fy up, ang leave the other path to Lucifer, Adversity is a test of ability and of friendship. You cant's make a silk purse from a sow's ear, but you can get a lot of power from hope. These days there is much talk about honor. Did you ever think of the hon- or represented on caivary in compari- son with the homor which marks the warlords of today—the honor of love and the honor of vengeance—the honor which brought peace to man, and the honor which resorts to the sword. The honor of war is compelling 3,000,000 Polanders and 7,000,000 Hebrews to fratricidal action ,and destroying life and property. The Kaiser says the entente may starve his people, but he cannot surrender without honor! The honor of love eays: “He who resorts to the sword shall die by the sword.” The honor of vengeance declares: “He who doesn't resort to the sword is an easy mark!” What worthless thing the honor is which blushes at no crime, knows no shame, promotes mur- der and plunder and mocks at merc: Is not this the honor Colten describes which “feeds us with air, and often pulls down our houses to build our monument?” The only way to find out what there is In a person is to give him the op- portunity to gather self-reliance, and to develop his capacity. There is nothing which will destroy ome's con- fidence in themselves more than the expressed lack of confidence of those they love or respect in_them. Many & successful and perhaps brilliant career has been nipped in the bud by an unwholesome and discouraging at- mosphere. It is a good thing to be so conscious of what can be done that you have no_time to think or discuss what can't be done. One-half the world gives too much attention to neg- ative thought which has always:been and always will be a check to progress. No_enterprise looks our way to in- quire what we can’t do, the whole in- terest is centered upon what we can do Do not have too many “I cante” hang- ing to your speech if you desire to make a good impression. What you can’t do cuts no ice; what you can do may command a big salary. A near-philosoper says: “If a man ever becomes. civilized it is through the influence of some good woman.” It is apparent that this writer doesn’t take much stock in what ls generally recognized as civilization. As we look at Europe today Christian civilization is such a thin veneering that the sav- age is plainly seen through it. As we look at some men in moments of op- position or embarrassment the savage is seen to loom up. Victor Hugo rec- ognized the value of woman as a civ- ilizer when he said: “If you would civilize a man begin with his grand- mother”"—begin on the feminine side of the house and you may accomplish the task in two generations. Civili- zation seems to be a fabric of pre- tence—something capable of giving a superficial brilliancy to life. Civiliza- tion represents the top of the wave of life and barbarism the hollow just be- low—they are never far apart. A good woman can hold in the charac- ter of her mate through love the great principles which Christ added to the character of men from love. Some men have too much faith in the dollar. It may be able to remove mountains, but it cannot hide the blemishes in a man's character. It may buy a legislator, or an officer, but it cannot purchase a reserved seat in Hades. The dollar can keep a man out of the grave, but it cannot get him into Heaven. It may meet every self- ish desire’' of man, but cannot keep him from gnashing his teeth or cry- ing for mercy. It can carry sustenance to the starving and bring sunshine to the human heart. Money may be “the bottomless sea in which honor, con- science and truth may be drowned;” it may also be the precious medium through which joy may be Increased and eternal hope strengthened. Money may increase character or take it away, and it may tempt villians or add brilliancy to the character of an hon- est man. It is good to have If made a g00d use of. Did you ever give your will power a test under normal conditions? Most of us know what our “I won't” power is. Is it possible for you to_concen- trate your mind upon any subject for five minutes? That seems like a real easy stunt, but not one person in twenty can concentrate their minds tpon any subject thirty seconds. Or- dinarily thirty seconds does not seem a space of time sufficient to make a note of, but an excruciating pain will make it seem longer than any hour and a balf you ever knew. Concentra- tion is not a pain, only a practice you are not accustomed to, and it makes thirty-seconds es tiresome as thirty sloop of 90 tons burden, Prosperity, which craft was fitted out by Joseph' Williams. Her master was Jerahmeel Willjams. The first mention of her has to do Wwith a voyage to Essequibo, in March, 1792. From that time she continued on the line from Norwich to South America for eight or nine years, ace- two voyages per year. At her entry in March, 1782, the du- ties on her Gargo amounted {0 32,446, nd in October of the same year, to $2.747. On ofle of her trips in 1793, she carried out 40 mules, 12 horses, 130 sheep, and 25 swine, besides the customary variety of other lading. In 1799, she was taken by one of the belligerent cruisers, found to have contraband on board, condemn- ed and forfeited. Hezekiah Freeman was master of the brig terprise, which, enteri: the Norwich port In April, 1793, wit Boods to Joseph Willlams and’ other merchants, paid import duties of $3.- 241, recorded as the highest of any single Norwich cargo before 1796. The shipmasters were generally part owners of vessels and cargo. A large proportion of the merchants had been Bea. captains. We are told that it was no uncommon thing for them to al- ternate between trading at home and trading at sea—leaving their business with a partner and_ takin® command of a vessel to the West India islands or to Europe. The names of Backus, Coit, Fitch, Perkins and others wero borne by persons as famillar, the his~ torian tells us, with the deck as with the counter; with the ports in tropi- cal seas as’ with the departments of business “at home in their Norwich stores. As a matter of fact, it was quite as necessary for the captain of a merchant vessel to be not only an able mariner but practical in trade; for he generally carried no supercar- €0, and transacted all the business of the voyage himself. The Norwich shipmasters had to be at once wise and wary, when, after about ten years of great prosperity, there came the first serious obstruc- tion to American commerce, in 1793. At that period nearly 1,400 American vessels with a tonnage of 160,000 tons, were ongaged in the West India trade, So that it was a common occurrence for from 60 to 80 American craft to be reported as lying at once In a sin- gel port in the West Indles, Cape Francols, for instance. But France and England were at war, and their stern edict fell upon this American trade with crushing power, vessels be- ing seized by one or the other of the belligerent powers, carrled into uort, libeled and condemned, the govern- ment and the captors sharing the spoils. It is recorded that by far the greater number of these seizures were made by the British, who had obtained minutes the first time you try to de- vote yourself entirely to one thought for that length of time, Over against this *is remaining passive for fifteen minutes, lying recumbent and giving thought or attention to nothing. These little mental ana physical stunts tell for mastery. Sunday Morning Talk THE HAPPY WARRIOR. Wordsworth’s “Character of Happy Warrior” has been named the favorite poem of Woodrow Wilson. If the announcement calls renewed attentlon to a noble piece of English Verse it will not have been made in vain. the Rightly the poet calls him a “happy warrior” who, seen or unseen of men, goes forth to battle for the right; who owes To virtue every triumph that he knows; Who, if he rise to station of command, Rises by open means, and there will stand On honorable terms, or else retire, Ang in himself possess his own desire. ‘Who, whether praise of walk the earth Forever, and to noble deeds glve birth, Or he must fall, to sleep without his tame, 5 And leave a dead, unprofitable name, Finds comfort in. himself and in his cause; And, while the mortal mist is gath- ering, drawe His breath ip confidence of Heaven's applause. him must Let the last article in the warrior's creed, for the moment, engage our af tention. Surely gat this point he Is in advance of multitudes of his fellow- men. To how many it seems unwel- come postponement to walt for the applause of heaven! They plead be- fore a nearer court and crave an immediate verdict. The applause of earth is good enough for them. Per- haps not one in ten of us ls really willing to discount the hasty judg- ments of today in favor of those <oming by and by. In the presence of immediate, tem- poral advantage men excuse a wide varlety of shifty tricks. When the prize is glittering enough, the end can be made to justity the means. Sacri- fices to the sreat god, Success, are made with no niggard hands, and without too careful a counting of the cost. The one imexcusable fallure is faliure to gain the prize—and to get away with it. The love of success is common to all men, but the definitions of it vary widely. ' Some think of it in terms of present acquisition, by fair means or foul, of all possible earthly good. Oth- ers take the longer view, inject a moral quality nto their conception of it and ‘extend its full realization out beyond that dividing line that men call death. This is to overrule the de- cisions of all lower courts and to CAITy the case up to the supreme tri- bunal. It is to apprehend the vision of the great Christian seet who wrote, “And 1 saw the dead, both small and great, standing before God.” The happy for 1s happy in the knowledge that he s in for & square deal; that the univerds, In the long run “plays fair with HKim and wit every man He knows that t, ‘whatever its seeming defeats, will ultimately triumph. He learns to dif- ferentiate between reputation and character, a distinction long _ago pointed out by Tom Paine an he said: “Reputation is what wmen &nd women think of us; character 15 what God and the angels know of us." Happy he, indeed, who, as earth is/ receding, is conscious that he has kept faith with his ideals and passes out “in confidence of heaven's applause.” THE PARSON. _of Guadaloupe and Mar- e They Sroved. upon Américsn ing Yessel trom & French port every v a port that carrled sugar, cotton or coffee. The No Weekly Réyister of Jan. 14th. contains the item: Capt. Meech arrived from Cape Nich- ola Mole, in the schooner Polly, re- ports that all the West India islands are in possession of the British, ex- cept Cape Francois and Aux Cayes. Capt. John Fani of the brig Un- ion, when he arrived from the West Indles, July 10, 1793, had an interest- ejperience to relat e -reported that 200 sail of Ameri- can vessels entered the harbor of Cape Franc: between the 19th and 23rd of June. While Capt. Fanning was there, a terrific battle was fought between the races, white, mulattoes and negroes struggling for mastery. The town was plundered and burned and it was sald that fully 5,000 were massacred. Many took refuge in the mountains, others on_board the ships in the harbor. At this period, great numbers of refugees from San Domingo came to the State seeking an asylum. Norwich had her share of these un- fortunate exiles, whoso. descendants have since formed a proportion of the population. Things commercial came to a h when, In May 1794, Congress laid embargo of thirty days' duration. A war with Great Britain was- greatly feared. In Norwich the merchants convened on the 15th of April, 1794, at the home of Elijah Lathrop; Eben- ezer Huntington was chairman, and Thomas Fanning clerk. A peppery memorial was drafted to Congress, complaining of British depredation and urging retaliatory action. This me- morial was forwarded to the House of Representatives. The threatened storm soon blew over, the difficulties with England be- ing temporarily settled in November, by Jay's treaty, so that American com- merce could resume its flourishing course. Still, craft were subject to vexatious impositions, such as the plundering of French privateers and impressment by British men-of-war. But the gain was so great that the bold sallormen were willing to risk the hazards, which included not only the possibility of plunder, capture, and death by men, but the terrifying fear of the deadly tropical fever. In spite of all these ris| ppeared to be no difficulty g seamen to form the crews of the Norwich vessels. Young men_were al- ways ready to chance the danger of shipwreck and death, filled with the love of adventure and inspired by the | lure of a share in a profitable voyage. It is stated that if a vessel was de- ficlent in her crew, it was only neces- sary to hang out a signal to that ef- fect from her masthead, and appli- cants would speedily appear to sign up for the voyage. As already noted, two voyages per, year were considered snfficient good fortune by the average Norwich eki per, although there were a few ex- ceptions to this rule. In 1791, the schooner Chloe, Jabez Lord, master, entered port March 7, June 15 and Oct. 23. In 1793, brig Union, Capt. John Fanning, entered 11 March, 11 July, and 7 December. The brig Minerva accomplished four- teen voyages in little more than five years, from Feb. 1801 till the spring of | 1806, four under Capt. John French and the last seven under Capt. San- ger. It was considered a big achievement, when the sloop Negociator, Capt. Jaomes Munsell, sailed with a cargo for the West Indies, June 10, 1793, and returned into port July 30th, having completed her voyage in fifty days, a notable example of a short and pros- perous trip. The voyage to or from the islands ually occupied from twelve to thirty days: to or from Demerara, from twenty to forty days. And so the frail craft—as we would consider them — fiitted up and down stream, in that busy commerce which founded the for- tunes of many of the still inflyential families of ancient Norwich, or Chel- | sea, as It was then called. THE DICT. AGRAPH. Stories of the War 3,000 Surgical Operations. More than three thousand opera- tions, most of them close to the firing line and with the roar of artiliery in his_ears, is the record the past year of Dr. Kugene Hurd, until recently the only American surgeon at the front with the Russian forces. Dr. Hurd is chief surgeon in charge of the Twen- ty-ninth, known as the “Grodno No- bility” Flying Column. He has the rank of colonel in the regular army. His physique—he stands six feet three inches In height and weighs 225 pounds—makes him a conspicuous fiz- ure, even among the big fellows of the Siberian corps, among whom he works. He has acquired a reputation among the simple minded soldiers for doing the impossible. A soldler returning from the hospital told his fellows that the big “American surgeon could take a hand that had been cut off, patch it together and put it back on good as new.” Hurd has been reported several times killed, wounded or missing. He has made a number of hurried get- aways, but he has always turned up with his outfit when the smoke clear- ed. His column was outfitted by the noble tamilies of Grodno soon after the outbreak of the war. Then they look- ed about for a surgeon to take charge. About that time Hurd, who was tn Se- aftle, was offering his services to Rus- sia. ' Through the Russian consul in Seattle the offer was accepted and he salled on November 28 for Vladivo- stok. He was at once sent to Grodno | with a contract to serve during the term of the war. He believed he was glving his services gratis, but.several months later, when he had _time to have his contract translated, he found that he was to recelve 400 roubles monthly. His first taste of battle was on the Grodno front. On the retreat of the| Russian army last summer Hurd nar- rowly encaped an inveluntary transfer of his activities to the German side. After a 24 hour stretch of hard work he was ordered to retire by night to Orani. At 3 o'clock in the morning he had reached an estate six miles from that point and there he decided to rest until daylight. When preparing to re- sume his journey the following morn- ing he found the stable vard full of | Russlan cavalry horses, some of them | wounded. A Russian soldier informed | him that Orani had been captured by the Germans early in the morning and | that they were approaching less than ‘wo miles away. He made a hurried exit southward through sand dunes | where Napoleon lost his transports on | the retreat from Moscow. Until 4 lock in the afternoon, when he reached new Russian position, he was between the hostile lines uncertain as to the location of either army. At another time the German caval- 1y broke through the Russian lines be- fore Hurd was aware of the fact and had eut his fleld telephone. They pass- ting them, the light artillery and under the heavy batteries. ‘I believe the Russian soldiers the best in the world” he said on recent visit to ‘Petrograd, his third brief absence from the trenches in more than year. “The Russian is a fatalist, is absolutely fearless, willing to attack under any conitions, and is expert with the bayonet, his favorite weapon. I am convinced that the Ger- mans lost 20 men to out one on the Tetreat last summer. ‘A new form of trench bomb, fil- ed with an acid that acts like vitriol is the last element we have had to con- tend with, The effect is fatal if the fumes are inhaled and the least effect is to produce total and permanent blindness. These bombs are fired at close range and _explode on contact. From one to seven men are affected wher the explosion occurs among men unprotected by respirators. ‘Often the men have not time to adjust their res- pirators in timé to escape. “A remarkable thing that I'have ob- served is the number of €ases of frozen feet among German prisoners, while I have yet to treat the first Russian for that trouble. The reason is that the Germans wear close fitting boots, while the Russian boot is large and in place of socks he winds his feet in yards of woolen cloths. The boots are_water- tight. One seldom finds a_Russian soldier with wet feet. Another thing the Russian trenches are deep enough and wide enough that the men may stand and move about.- “Trench-foot’ due to cramped positions and impaired circulation, is unknown amon3 our soldiers. “I insist upon rigid discipline in my crops of assistants, and through a sys- tem of packing and handling which I have devised, I can break camp and be on the move within twenty minutes, or I can unlimber and begin an opera- tion within ten minutes upon arrival” The only other American surgeon-at the Russian front is Malcolm Grow, recently made surgeon of the Twenty- first Flying column with another Si- berian crops. QTHER VIEW POINTS President Elliott of the New Haven road has some excellent thoughts re- garding the vital need of buildiug up our railroad systems and not hamper- and he has put them very well in his address to the National Chamber of Commerce. Few men could have summed up the situation in more compact and telling terms.—An- sonia Sentinel. Perhaps the private manufaturers tion to rasiing cattle, sheep and swine about, but their threat to double their prices if the senate voted for a gov- ernment armor plant seems to have precipitated just that vote. Now the government is warned; it must astab- lish a plant sufficient to provide all its amor plate. It may have to build all its battleships, too, for that _matter. The private concerns may think them: selves strong, but they are bucking a big competitor—New Haven Register. In the last two or three years the number of sheep and hogs has declin- ed, but the demand for meats is in- creasing. If the farmers throughout the country would devote more atten- tion to raising cattle, shep and swiné for the market the supply might easily be kept up. But they have gradually left off that branch of agricultureal production and do not seem inclined to resume it. We can stop vating meat and become vegetarians and in that way meet the crisis fairly, but the “flesh pots” have such an attraction for most of us that we can hardly eon- sent to compfomise on turnips and boiled greens.—Bridgeport Standard. The teachers of Meriden hvae done well to form a committee to investi- gate in other cities conditions at- tending the deductions in salaries due to illness. On the surface, without knowing the motives: which actuate the school authorities, it would seem a parsimonious scheme of things nct justified by the facts in the case.. It is an admitted fact that the salary of the average school teacher is not so munificent as to warrant many liber- ties being taken with it, in the line of deductions. It is a libel on the char- acters of the teachers to imagine that they would take advantage of any rul- ing which might be made in their favor. If the “privilege” of being ill & few days without having the salary deducted were abused it would be a comparatively easy matter to investi- gate to determine the truth of :laims made.—Meriden Record. Considerable interest attaches to the recent suggestions that corporations employing many men should take na- tive or naturalized citizens in prefer- ence to others; it has a taking sound at this time when so much trouble of more kinds than one has been attrib- uted to men of foreign birth whose sympathies remain abroad even to the extent of meaning hostility to the country in which they reside, but of which ~ they do not become a part. More impgrtant than preference in employment, however, is the better training of ' all prospective workers here who are imperfectly acquainted with our language, or lack mechanical skill that fits them for advancement as time goes on. More is said to be done in this way now than was done a few years ago, but there is room for much " improvement in the work. Hartford Times. THE WAR PRIMER By Natlonal Geographic Soctety “Corfu, whose occupation by the Italians and Serblans recently brought forth a protest from Greece, is one of the parts of the lock that secures the Adriatic sea at its narrow neck from the Ionian sea and the open waters of | the Mediterranean,” begins a sketch or war geography issued today by the National Geographic soclety. “Every Power and alliance of Powers, which have sought mastery of Adriatic waters, from the Dellan league in the fAifth century before Christ to the En. tente Allies in the twentieth centur: after Christ, have warred for posses- sion of Corfu. Corfu, then, in the rol: of storm_center in the clash of South- castern Europe's rivalries, Is but ex- CASTORIA For Infants and Childrea InUse For Over 30 Years bears Signature of M. J. FEELDS, . . Florist 3¥ Ward Street Carnations. Special _Forma and | Plants.” Felephouo §57. February Sale. of Under-priced Furniture Sales each February and August. collection of Furniture than we have for the present We have never found it necessary to resort to cheaply mage furniture to meet competition; we feel that when high-class furniture cannot be secured at sufficiently | low prices to make it interesting these sales shall be abandoned. Our showing this year and our prices, too; will disappoint none and will surprise many. Those who have new homes to furnish during the coming spring will be able to save hundreds of dollars by taking advantage of the-February opportunities, and while purchases must be made within a month, delivery_ of the goods will be made later on at your convenience. e SHEA & BURKE 37-47 Main Street, Norwich perfencing another of the countless repetitions of its history. “Corfu lies like a watch-tower in the Ionian sea before the narrowing entrance of the Strait of Otranto. To the north of it, a rugged finger of Al- banian mountain- land_reaches out into the strait, and, bending back, forms the splendid naval harbor of Aviona, one of the golden hopes of Austrian and Italian ambitions. To the northwest of Corfu, the long Ita- lian heel cuts out int> the waters of the Ionian sea. Together, these three elements dominate the Adriatic’s out- let, and around them the strife of our | ment in ancient Athens, more than civilization among its own members | 230 vears after the end of the elian \ might almost be sald to have kindled. | leagne. “There is great fertility and much picturesque beauty in the island.. the most northerly of the Ionian isiands and one of the most important. It is 38 miles long, varying in breadth from 3 to 20 miles, and _containing 2 square miles of area. It supports about 100,000 inhabitants. Abruptly mou tainous, with highly fruitful valleys between, Corfu follows the nature of the other Tonian 1slands. Pantokrator, 3,000 feet high, rises the loftiest peak on the island. Its largely bald head is the only present-day memorial to many a prehistoric fable and myth. “About the time Grecian states broke through the uncertain veil of tradition into the age of history and criticism, Corfu was settled by colo- nists from Corinth, the date being placed at 734 B. C. The colony grew rapidly in wealth, in maritime power, and into a confident spirlt of independ- ence. In the course of a disputs with the mother-city, it allied itself with Athens, much as our colonial fore- fathers allied themselves with Eng- land’s great rival, France. Moreover, just as our alliance with France is held to have been a contributary cause to a far greater, an overshadowing conflict, so the alilance brought about by the Corcyreans was one of the causes of the outbreak of the Pelopon- nesian War, the world-war of classic times. Yext the Romans, becoming a jeal- e ——————— Folect Against Substitutes Get the Well-Known Round Package sanitary You'll be surprised at the pleasure Yol bt 2 S ool it -.c(o'm with Popular Novels . Ty Rtweight. There Dow 50¢ a cony CRANSTON & CO, Norwieh, Conn. born well-butlt the export. of Central Brindisi, Athens, and Flums between ranged. American Girls’ society sent’ to France apparel for 20,000 persons. ous power on the need of the island that a desire to con- trol this vitally important sea-arm al- and took Corfu under their protection in 220 B, C. tium held it, during the middle ages: and _the Venetians, power as dictators of, Adriatic watess, held Corfu, defending it by bribery, wonderful maval combats, and stub- land fighting bitter attacks of Turkey until At that time the island fell into the hands of the Ottoman, only torevert to a modern Greece, with its govern- ways brings, “The town of Corfu, on the east and comfortably circum- staned,‘is the principal commanity on It has a population of about 29,000, and its whole of the island’s trade. fish, wine, salt, A YEAR AGO TODAY. Feb. 12, 1915, { Vén Hindenburg won great vic- tory ever Tenth Russian army in fleel: n..“"kf' tior, 30, lecing aci rontier, leaving 30,- 000 Doad and wounded, oners and many guns. Russians line of defe: Ask For HORLICK'S THE ORIGINAL : MALTED MILK “ummmm . honey, oranges, figs, and other fruits are the articles of its Its imports are manufactures Europe, brought in from gtrengthened second ol hirty-four British airships rald- ed_Belgian seaports. ch aviators: raided Germam acrodrome in Alsace . Exchanges of disabled prisoners ngland and Germany ar- ik plant We do_not make ““milk products Skim Milk, Condensed Milk, ete. - Ask For HORLICK’S THE ORIGINAL MALTED MILK Made from clk and the extract of reduced to f“lmnltoil o der lbru.'ulm‘ water. Best Food-Drink for All Ages. Used for over a Quarter Century k e Adriatic, felt the Byzan- come. to world- against the most 1797. people handle the Olive ofl, . Russians. , 50,000 pris-